TheDirectObjectandIndirectObjectUnit4Grammar,Objectives1.明确宾语的概念；2.分清直接宾语与间接宾语；3.明确能作宾语的成分。,HaveALkManyancientcivilisationssawthevalueofbringingbackplantsfromdistantlands.Justbeforehedied,hesentsomeTreeofHeavenseedstoEngland.Heandhisteamcollectedexampleswhenevertheywentontodryland.,Alltheplantssurvivedthesix-monthjourney.HesenttheseedsbacktoFrancein1897butonlyoneseedgrew.WilsonandotherplantcollectorsintroducedmanynewplantstoWesterngardens.Wecalltheredwords——TheObjects.,宾语是及物动词后的一个成分，表示动作的对象、承受者或结果。Theobject(宾语),Areyougivingup_________(smoke)?Youprobablycan’tresistthe__________(tempt)ofacigarette.smokingtemptation,Weshouldhelp________(poor).thepoor,—Howmanybrothersdoyouhave?—Ihave_______.four,Iwant_____________andfrighten____.tomakeafaceyou,Areyounervous?Doyoumind_______(taste)aspider?tasting,Youaresobusy!Iwonderhowyoucanmanage__________(phone)twoatthesametime.tophone,takingcareofIloveplantsandIlove_____________(takecareof)plants.,Ithink_____itisthesmallestbabyintheworld.that,Whataseaofpeople!Ican’tfind______youare.where,Howunbelievable!Iwonder_______theylivetogetherinpeace.why,Iwonder_____invitedyouhere.who,nounnounphraseverbnumeraladjectiveclauseconjunctiongerundpronouninfinitivethe+adjectiveWhatcanbeusedasobject?,Positionoftheobject1.OneobjectTheobjectismainlyputbehindtheverb.subject—>predicate—>objectistheusualorder,butsometimesithasafreeposition.Forexample:,①Theobjectcanbeputinthebeginningofasentencetoemphasizeit.e.g.Whatdull,old-fashionedleathershoeshe’swearing!Talent,Mikehas;patience,hehasnot.,②Theobjectispreposedforabettercombination.e.g.Hiscarelessnesshadledhimintogreaterror.Thaterrorhedeterminedtocorrect.Jackfriedtwosmallpiecesoffish.Onehefedtohiscat,theotherheatehimself.,③Theobjecthastwodifferentpositionsbehindverbphrases.e.g.Hetriedoutthemachine./Hetriedthemachineout.I’llputontheradioinaminute./I’llputtheradiooninaminute.,※Ifthenounphraseisalittlebitlong,thefirstpositionisoftenused.e.g.Shetriedonhalfadozenpairsofshoesbeforeshefoundasuitableone.※Iftheobjectisapronoun,thesecondordermustbeused.eg:Thebedistoostrong,andyoucan’tbreakitup.,2.Twoobjects通常为“间接宾语+直接宾语”Hedoesn'townmeanything. SheaskedmewhetherIhadbeentherebefore.Iwarnedyouhewouldbelate. Givemeit./Giveittome. Theytolduswheretoshopcheaply.,间接宾语后移,间接宾语用to或for引出:TheygiveittoJohn.Hesoldhisoldcartooneofhisneighbours. Ihaveboughtsomechocolateforyou.Givethedictionarytome,please.,用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人。用for侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人。常跟双宾语的动词分类总结：,需借助to的:bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,read,return,send,show,teach,tell,ask,leave,mail,throw,take,write等。需借助for的:build,buy,call,change,cook,choose,do,draw,envy,fetch,find,forgive,gain,get,make,order,play(演奏),sing,save,spare,win等。,e.g.1Ourteacherexplainstousthedifficultpointsintheunit.2Wedisclosedtothemthesecretofourinvention.3Theyexpressedtotheirteachertheirconvictionthattheexperimentwastrue.4Theguideisdescribingthescenicspotstothetourists.,e.g.Heplayedmeatrick.Heplayedatrickonme.Won’tyouplaysomefolksongsforus?Someverbshavetobeusedassetphraseswhenfollowedbytwoobjects.,有时为了形成对照或是为了突出重点,“介词+间接宾语”也可移到主语的前面去：Tohisdaughterhesentachequeof$50buttohissonhesentonlyacheappen.,如果“介词+间接宾语”比直接宾语短,也可以直接放在谓语动词后：Hegivetohisfriendsmuchofthetimeheshouldhavegiventohiswifeandchildren.,一些句子中,“间接宾语+直接宾语”不能变为“直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”：Hegivethedoorahardkick. Inevergivethematterathought.Shegivehimawarmsmile. Thisheroicdeedcosthimhislife.,Fillintheblanksusing“to”or“for”.1)Fiftydollarswasadvanced__himonhissalarybeforetheworkwasdone.2)Youshouldneverservebeef__aHindu.toto,3)You’dbetterdoyourbestbutprepareyourself___theworst.4)I’llsendapostcard__youwhileIamawayonholiday.5)YoucomeuptotheCityHalltonightandI’llfixthings___you.forforto,1.Canyouexplain___________?A.thisproblemtomeB.methisproblemC.tomeproblemD.meproblemMultiplechoice,2.Hemadeanewdress_____hiswifeandgaveit______heronherbirthday.A.to;forB.for;toC.for;forD.to;to,3.Mr.Smithapologized____thelady____whathersonhaddone.A.to;toB.to;forC.for;toD.for;for4.Readtheletterand____him.A.passitontoB.passonittoC.passitforD.passiton,5.Thelittleboywantedtohaveabookathisbirthdaypresent,butthecruelstepmother_____himhisrequest.A.refusedB.answeredC.gaveD.promised,Review复习宾语：1.宾语的定义；2.可以用作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、动词不定式、-ing形式、复合结构和从句。,Individualactivity,1.CouldIspeakto______isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?(2009全国) A.who B.what C.whoever D.whatever2.Atfirsthehatedthenewjobbutdecidedtogivehimselfafewmonthstosee___itgotanybetter. (2009北京) A.when B.how C.why D.ifQuizI:Multiplechoice,3.Istillremember______totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.(2009陕西) A.totake B.tobetakenC.taking D.beingtaken 4.Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksof_____hecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.(2009上海) A.what B.whichC.that D.how,5.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet_______wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.(2010全国I)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where6.Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thave_______wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.(2010福建)A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether,QuizII:用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1.Thenewcollegegraduateinsistedon__________(send)wherehewasmostneeded.2.Theparentssuggested_______(sleep)inthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip.beingsentsleeping,3.Afterreadingthetext,we’llgoon_______(do)theexercises.4.Ican’tstand________(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks.5.Isn’tittimeyougotdownto________(mark)thepapers?todoworkingmarking,6.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways_______(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.7.Victorapologizedfornot__________(inform)meofthechangeintheplan.8.Idon’twant________(sound)likeI’mspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair.tosoundgettinginforming,QuizIII:Translation3.老师给他们每人一块橡皮。Theteachergiveseachofthemaneraser.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.2.他们把伤员送到医院。Shedidn'tsayanything.1.她什么也没说。,Theyaskedtoseemypassport.4.他们要求看我的护照。Ienjoyworkingwithyou.5.我和你们一道工作很愉快。Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?6.你把他的话写下了没有？,HomeworkFinishtheExercises1-2onPage77inyourWorkbooks.,Thankyou!
