北师大版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit9Learning单元能力提升测试卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A IwastakinginthebreathtakingviewatthetopofSydneyHarbourBridgewhenIsensedIwasabouttowitnesssomethingevenmoredramaticrightinfrontofme.Althoughwewerealltiedtolinesrunningalongthesteelgirders,afellowclimbercalledMikehadsomehowmanagedtodroptoonekneeandturntofacehisgirlfriend,Wendy.Iknewwhatwascoming."Wendy,willyoumarryme?"heasked.Therewasaquicksmileandanattemptedkissandthenabigbeam.Mikehadtheanswerhehopedforandallofusburstintoaroundofapplause. Apparentlymorethan2,000coupleshavebecomeengagedatthesummitsince1998,whenitbecamepossibletoclimbitinorganisedtourgroups.Thebridge,perhapsthemostrecognisedsymbolofthisbeautifulcity,openedin1932.It'sstilltheworld'slargeststeel-archbridge. Wereturnedtothefantasticview;thefamousSydneyOperaHouse,ferriesandsailboatsmakingtheirwaythroughtheharbour,thecityskyline—butIhadtoforcemyselftolookdown.Wehadclimbed1,423stepstothetopofthebridgeandIdidn'tknowwhethertobedelightedorscared. NicoleKidmanhasdoneit.SohaveBruceSpringsteen,PrinceHarryandscoresofothercelebrities.Butclimbingtothetopclearlyisn'tjustfortherichandthefamous.Onthecontrary,Australianyoungstersdoittocelebratetheir12thbirthdays.(Youhavetobeatleast12yearsoldtodotheclimb.)A100-year-oldwomanclimbeditandtoldguidesitwasonherlistofthingstodobeforedeath. Youcanclimbduringtheday,attwilight,orevenafterdarkwithheadlamps.Peopleclimbinallweathersexceptwhenthere'slightninginthearea.Infact,overtwomillionpeoplehavemadethethree-and-a-half-hourclimbtothetopofthefamousbridge—anadventurethatcannotbedoneanywhereelseintheworldonabridgethisbig.That'sprobablywhythisclimbhaswonalotoftourismawards.Today,theclimbisfirmlyonthe"to-dolist"forlocalsaswellastourists.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebridge?A.Gettingengagedonthebridgeisquiterare.B.Peopleclimbthebridgeatclimbers'age.C.Therearenolimitationsonclimbers'age.D.Manyfamouspeoplehavedonetheclimb.第15页共15页,2.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenheclimbedtothetopofthebridge?A.Boredandtired.B.Fearfulandconfused.C.Excitedandnervous.D.Relievedandrelaxed.3.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tointroducethepopularityofthebridge.B.Toemphasisetheimportanceofthebridge.C.Toexplainthefunctionsofthebridge.D.Todescribethefantasticviewfromthebridge.B Wecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively.Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning. Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Weareusedtopassivelearning,andit'snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsayandrumour. DidyoueverplaythegameRumour?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn'tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thatperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged. That'swhathappensindailylife.Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistentoimproveonit,stamping(打上标记)itwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow. Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors:Astatementofopinionbyonewritermayberestatedasfactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatsituationmaypassivelearningoccurin?A.Doingamedicalexperiment.B.Solvingamathproblem.C.Visitinganexhibition.D.Doingscientificreasoning.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referto?A.Activelearning.B.Knowledge.C.Communication.D.Passivelearning.3.WhydoestheauthormentionthegameRumour?A.Toshowthatamessagemaybechangedwhenbeingpassedon.第15页共15页,B.Toshowthatamessageshouldbedeliveredindifferentways.C.Toshowthatpeoplemayhaveproblemswiththeirsenseofhearing.D.Toshowthatpeopletendnottobelieveinwhattheyknowasrumour.4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Activelearningislessimportant.B.Passivelearningmaynotbereliable.C.Activelearningoccursmorefrequently.D.Passivelearningisnotfoundamongscholars.C Believeitornot,thesizeofthehumanbrainhasbecomesmalleroverthepast20,000years.Scientistsargueoverwhetherthismeanswearebecomingmoreorlessintelligentasaspecies. "I'dcallthatmajordownsizinginanevolutionaryeyeblink(眨眼),"JohnHawkstoldDiscovermagazine. Whyisthebrainbecomingsmaller?Therearedifferenttheoriestoexplainit.Oneisthattensofthousandsofyearsago,tosurviveincoldanddangerousconditions,humansneededastrongerandlargerbodyandtherefore,alargerhead.Alsotheyhadtochewthetoughmeatofrabbits,foxesandhorses.Asconditionsimproved,thebrainstoppedgrowing,accordingtosupportersofthistheory. AnothertheorycomesfromarecentstudybyDavidGearyandDrewBailey.Theyfoundthatbrainsizedecreasedaspopulationdensity(密度)increased. "Ascomplexsocietiesappeared,thebrainbecamesmallerbecausepeopledidnothavetobethatsmarttostayalive,"GearytoldAFP(法新社). Butsmallerbrainsizedoesnotnecessarilymeanthatmodemhumansarelesssmartthantheirancestors."Modemhumanssimplydevelopeddifferent,morecomplexformsofintelligence,"saidBrianHare. Hare'sstudiesfocusontwotypesofgreatapes:chimpanzeesandbonobos.Botharemuchlikehumans,butarephysicallyquitedifferentfromoneanother.Thebonobohasasmallerbrainthanthechimpanzee,andisalsomuchlessaggressiveandmoretolerant. "Whenitcomestoworkingoutaproblem,"Haresaid,"chimpanzeesaremuchlesslikelytoaccomplishitifitinvolvesworkingtogether.Notsowithbonobos." "Thesmallerbraininmodernhumansmaybeevidencethatwecancooperate,"HaretoldtheUSNationalPublicRadio.1.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtoreplacetheunderlinedwordinParagraph2?A.Speed.B.Increase.C.Decline.D.Change.2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat____________.A.thesizeofhumanbrainhassomethingtodowithmanyfactorsB.thebrainsizeincreasesbecauseoftheincreaseofpopulationdensityC.theabilitiesofbonobosandchimpanzeesarealmostthesame第15页共15页,D.modernhumanscancertainlydoteamworkbetterthanotherspecies3.AccordingtoBrianHare,_____________.A.bonobosaremuchlikelytocooperatebetterthanchimpanzeesB.chimpanzeestendtoworkwellwithothersC.modernhumansarelesssmartthantheirancestorsD.smallbrainsarecertainlyconnectedwithintelligentbeings4.Whichoffollowingisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?A.BonobosorChimpanzees—WhichIsSmarter?B.SmallerBrain—LessIntelligent?C.HumanBeingsorAnimals—WhoIsMoreIntelligent?D.HumanBrains?D ThereisapopularsayingintheEnglishlanguage:"Sticksandstonesmaybreakmybones,butwordswillneverhurtme."Well,thatisnottrue.Unkindwords,name-callingoreventheso-called"thesilenttreatment"canhurtchildrenasmuchasbeingphysicallyhit,sometimesevenmoreso. Arecentstudyofmiddleschoolchildrenshowedthatverbal(言语的)abusebyotherchildrencanharmdevelopmentinthebrain.ThestudywasaprojectofresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchoolinMassachusetts.ResearcherMartinTeicherandhisteamstudiedyoungadults,aged18to25.Theseyoungmenandwomenhadnoteverbeentreatedinacruelorviolentwaybytheirparents.Theresearchersaskedtheyoungpeopletoratetheirchildhoodexposuretoverbalabusefrombothparentsandotherchildren.Thentheresearchersperformedimagingtestsonthebrainsofthesubjects. Theimagesshowedthatthepeoplewhoreportedsufferingverbalabusefrompeersinmiddleschoolhadunderdevelopedconnectionsbetweentheleftandrightsideofthebrain.Thetwosidesofthebrainareconnectedbyalargebundleofconnectingfiberscalledthecorpuscallosum(胼胝体).Thiswastheareathatwasunderdeveloped. Themiddleschoolyearsareatimewhenthesebrainconnectionsaredeveloping.So,unkind,hurtfulcommentsfromchildrenoradultsduringthisperiodhavethebiggesteffect.Theresearcherstestedthementalandemotionalconditionofalltheyoungpeopleinthestudy.Thetestsshowedthatthissamegroupofpeoplehadhigherlevelsoffear,depression,angeranddrugabusethanothersinthestudy. TheresearcherspublishedtheirfindingsonlineontheAmericanJournalofPsychiatry'swebsite. Parentscannotcontrolwhatotherpeoplesaytotheirchildren,buttheycanpreparetheirchildren.第15页共15页,1.Whydoestheauthorusethepopularsayingatthebeginning?A.Toshowthepowerofwords.B.Tointroduceanoppositeview.C.Toprovetheauthor'sargument.D.Toshowancientpeople'swisdom.2.Whatdidthesubjectshaveincommon?A.Theywerehurtbyunkindwords.B.Theyperformedpoorlyinimagingtests.C.Theyhadtheirbrainslightlydamaged.D.Theyexperiencednophysicalabuseathome.3.Whatwillbediscussedinthenextparagraph?A.Commentsonthefindings.B.Approachestofurtherstudies.C.Suggestionstoparents.D.Differentopinionsonthematter.4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thewaywespeakmatters.B.Verbalviolenceshouldbestopped.C.Unkindwordshurtthebrain.D.Wordsareworsethansticksandstones.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 BeforeCOVID-19,self-care—caringforourselves—mayhavenotbeenapriorityformanypeople.①_____.Thereisnoexactwaytopracticeself-care.Itincludesmanyareasandmaylookdifferentfrompersontoperson.Herearesomesuggestionsonwhatcanbedone. ②_____ Forsomepeople,self-caremaybesimplyslowingdown.Itcanalsomeancontrollingpartsofyourlifethatyoucancontrol.Thisisimportantwhentheworldaroundyoufeelsoutofcontrol. Learnsomethingnew Forsomepeople,self-caremightincludedoingthingstheyhavealwayswantedtodobutnevermadetimefor.③_____. Mentalhealthself-care Anotherformofself-careismakingtimetomeetwithamentalhealthspecialist,ifneeded.TheAssociatedPressreportsthatonlinementalhealthserviceshaveincreasedduringthepandemic.However,meetingwithamentalhealthprofessionalmaynotbepossibleforsomepeople.④_____.Meditating,writingaboutyourfeelingsandproblems,andorganizingthephysicalspacearoundyouareallformsofself-care. Bekindtoyourself—thebesttypeofself-care Expertsremindusthatself-careduringthepandemiccouldfeellikeridingarollercoaster—upsomedays,downonothers. Itcanhelptohavearoutine—ausualwayofdoingthings.Butexpertssay"keeptheroutinesimple."⑤_____.Remember,bekindtoyourself.A.Neverfeeloutofcontrol第15页共15页,B.SlowdownandfeelincontrolC.ButnowitisevenmoreimportantthanusualD.SodoctorshavesuggestionsforotherwaystoreducestressduringthepandemicE.Self-careincludesbothindividualwellnessandthewellnessofthegreatercommunityF.ItisalsoimportantnottobehardonyourselfifyoudonotkeeptoyourroutineeverydayG.Thesethingsincludebaking,gardening,andlearninganewlanguageorsomeothernewskills第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Tomwasamiddle-agedbusinessmanwhoserepeatedfailureinhisworkmadehimanupsetman,oftencomplaining(抱怨)thatothershadbeenplayingtricksonhim.Onedayhetoldhiswifehewasso 1 withthecitythathehadtoleave. Sohisfamilymovedto 2 city.ItwasintheeveningofaweekendwhenTomandhiswifewerebusy 3 uptheirnewhomethatthelightsuddenlywentout.Sotheyhadto 4 work.BecauseTomhadforgottentobringalongcandles,hehadtowaithelplesslyinabadmood.Justthenheheardgentleknocksonhisdoorthatsoundedclearinthe 5 night. "Who'sit?"hewondered,sinceTomhadno 6 inthenewcity.Andthiswasthemomentthatheespeciallydislikedbeingdisturbedortroubled. 7 ,hewentunwillinglytothedoorandopeneditimpatiently.Atthedoorwasalittlegirl,shylyasking,"Sir,doyouhave 8 ? I'myourneighbour.""No!"Tomansweredinangerandshutthedoor 9 .Hecomplainedaboutittohiswife,"Assoonaswesettleddown,theneighbourcametoborrowthings."Afterawhile,thedoorwasknockedonagain.Heopeneditandfoundthe 10 girloutside.Butthistimeshewasholdingtwocandles,saying, "Mygrandmatoldmethenewneighbourdownstairsmightneedcandles.She 11 meheretogiveyouthese."Tomwasvery 12 bywhathesaw.Whenhefullyunderstood,hesaid,"Thankyouandyour 13 .Godblessyou!" Atthatmomenthesuddenlyrealizedwhatcausedhis 14 inlife—hiscoldnessandunkindness.Thepersonwhohadcheatedhiminlifewasinrealitynobodyelsebuthimself,forhehadfallenforhisheartless 15 .1.A.inspiredB.satisfiedC.disappointedD.encouraged2.A.anyB.otherC.everyD.another3.A.endingB.lookingC.cleaningD.turning4.A.quitB.startC.changeD.continue5.A.darkB.quietC.noisyD.crowded6.A.doctorsB.friendsC.strangersD.audience7.A.SoB.AlthoughC.HoweverD.Moreover第15页共15页,8.A.beersB.rollsC.platesD.candles9.A.humblyB.stronglyC.slightlyD.entirely10.A.sameB.prettyC.energeticD.confident11.A.sentB.forcedC.prohibitedD.suggested12.A.pleasedB.puzzledC.surprisedD.frightened13.A.brotherB.motherC.fatherD.grandma14.A.goalB.failureC.successD.schedule15.A.mindB.ideaC.brainD.thought第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing,thecapitalofChina,isaperfectcombinationofclassicgraceandmodernity,whichmakesitthefirst①___________(choose)ofinternationaltravellers.AmongChinesepeoplethereisanoldsaying②___________onewhofailstoreachtheGreatWallisnotatruehero. Differentfromthelong-lastingtraditionthatBeijingholds,Shanghaishowsvisitorsan③___________(unbelievable)urbanatmosphere.It④___________(recognize)asthecenterofthecountry'scommerceandfinanceandtitled"theshoppers,paradise(天堂)"withauniquescenery⑤___________(leave)byhistory.Thehigh-riseOrientalPearlTower,ShanghaiInternationalFinancialCenter,andJinMaoTowerstretchupward,⑥___________(form)oneoftheworld'smostsplendidskylines.Thissleeplesscitywillimpressyou⑦___________flashingneonlights(霓虹灯),elegantstreetlightsandevermovingheadlights. Ifyouwanttoresearchintothe5,000years'historyofthisancientorientalland,nocityis⑧___________(suitable)thanXi'an,oneofthefourmajorcapitalsofancientcivilization.⑨___________famousSilkRoadstartsfromhere,stretchingthroughWesternChinatotheMediterranean.EnjoyingthesceneryoftheBigWildGoosePagoda(大雁塔)togetherwiththesplendidmusicfountains⑩___________(be)anamazingexperience.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）由于新冠疫情的影响，目前学生都在居家学习。假如你是高三学生李华，你收到新西兰笔友Bob的电子邮件，对你居家学习的情况表示关心。请根据以下要点，给他写一封回复邮件。1. 感谢对方的关心；2. 介绍居家学习情况：面临挑战；目前的学习方式(至少两种)；3. 表达信心和愿望。注意：1. 词数80左右；第15页共15页,2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：新冠肺炎COVID-19____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 WhenmyfamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesfromColombia,Iwas9yearsoldandknewlittleaboutEnglish.Astimepassed,teachersfinallyknewalloftheirstudentsandeveryonebegantoadapttothelife,exceptme.Noonecalledoutmyname,andnooneseemedtoknowIexisted.Ispentthenextmonthinmynewclassroomquietly.Ifeltthatfear,lonelinessandsadnesscameoverme. TheschoolnevercaredthatIdidn'tspeakEnglish,butsomethingelsewasteachingmeEnglish.Whenmyauntdrovemetoschoolandpickedmeup,shealwayshad106.7LightFM(私家车广播)on.ItwasthisstationthatintroducedmyyoungearstotheEnglishsounds. BecauseofSabrinatheTeenageWitch,Ilearnedthedifferencebetween"witch"and"which".WhilewatchingtheTVshowSouthPark,Iwasattractedbythefunnycharacters.Infact,thankstopopculture,theworldofEnglishbecameavailabletomewhileitwasbeingturneddownatschool. Ialsolearnedhowtoexpressmyemotionsthankstopopculture.Onedayatschool,weweretakingamathquizandthewholeclasswasquiet.Suddenly,thetipofmypencilbrokeandIyelled,"MyJesus!"EveryoneheldtheirbreathinsurpriseandIlaughedtomyselfbecausesomethingatthatmomenttoldmethatIhadjustlearnedmyfirstbadwordinEnglish.Paragraph1: Iappearedtobeembarrassedatthatmoment,butinmyheartIfelthappy.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2: FourmonthspassedbeforetheschoolplacedmeintoanESLprogram第15页共15页,.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第15页共15页,答案以及解析第一部分阅读理解第一节A答案：1-3.DCA解析：1.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的前两句话NicoleKidmanhasdoneit.SohaveBruceSpringsteen,PrinceHarryandscoresofothercelebrities.可知,许多名人都攀登过这座大桥。故选D项。2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话Wehadclimbed1,423stepstothetopofthebridgeandIdidn'tknowwhethertobedelightedorscared.可知,作者的心情是既兴奋又紧张的。故选C项。3.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,作者的写作目的是向我们介绍美丽的悉尼港湾大桥以及它的受欢迎程度。故选A项。B答案：1-4.CDAB解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的"Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive."可知,我们通过别人的教导被动地获得知识。在教室里的学习以及看电视、报纸或杂志时发生的学习都是被动的。分析选项可知C项符合题意。2.词义猜测题。根据第二段中画线词的前后语境可知,本段主要介绍了被动学习,我们习惯了被动学习,所以我们在与朋友和同事的日常交流中依赖它也就不足为奇了。故选D。3.推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,这个游戏的最后,原始的信息通常已经发生了改变,而被动学习通常和这个游戏有很大的相似之处,故正确选项为A。4.推理判断题。被动学习和谣言游戏一样,最后人们得到的信息和原始信息相比已经发生了很大的改变,所以被动学习可能是不可靠的,故正确选项为B。C答案：1-4.CAAB解析：1.词义猜测题。根据上文"thesizeofthehumanbrainhasbecomesmalleroverthepast20,000years(在过去的两万年里,人类的大脑变小了)"及构词法down(往下,向下)和size(尺寸)可推知,downsize意为"缩小;精简"。speed"加速";increase"增加";decline"减少";change"改变"。故选C项。2.推理判断题。根据第五段中的"Theyfoundthatbrainsizedecreasedaspopulation第15页共15页,density(密度)increased."可知B项错误;根据倒数第二段内容可知,黑猩猩的合作能力不如倭黑猩猩,所以C项错误;文中未涉及D项。综合第四、五、六段的描述可知,人类大脑的大小与许多因素有关,故选A项。3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的"Haresaid,'chimpanzeesaremuchlesslikelytoaccomplishitifitinvolvesworkingtogether.Notsowithbonobos.'"可知,如果一项工作需要合作,那么黑猩猩完成这项工作的可能性就小得多。倭黑猩猩就不一样了。即倭黑猩猩的合作能力比黑猩猩强。故选A项。4.标题归纳题。文章主要围绕人类的大脑变小了,这是否意味着人类这一个物种正变得越来越聪明还是不太聪明而展开。所以B项"SmallerBrain—LessIntelligent?(大脑越小越不聪明?)"适合作本文标题。故选B项。D答案：1-4.BDCC解析：1.写作意图题。引用名人名言、谚语等是文章开篇的常见写作方式,且大多用来引出文章的话题。但是根据此谚语后面的"Well,thatisnottrue.Unkindwords,name-callingoreventheso-called'thesilenttreatment'canhurtchildrenasmuchasbeingphysicallyhit,sometimesevenmoreso."可知,本文引用这个谚语恰恰是为了引出一个不同的或者说是相反的观点。2.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Theseyoungmenandwomenhadnoteverbeentreatedinacruelorviolentwaybytheirparents."可知,这些实验对象都没有遭受过父母的残酷或暴力对待。也就是说,他们在家里都没受到过身体上的虐待。故选D。3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"Parentscannotcontrolwhatotherpeoplesaytotheirchildren,buttheycanpreparetheirchildren."可知,作者接下来应该会就"父母如何帮助自己的孩子为可能遭受的语言暴力做好准备,使他们不会受到语言暴力的影响"这一问题给出一些方法或建议。4.主旨大意题。文章介绍了语言暴力对孩子的不良影响。根据文中的"verbal(言语的)abusebyotherchildrencanharmdevelopmentinthebrain"可以看出,语言暴力主要影响孩子的大脑发育。故选C。第二节答案：CBGDF解析：①根据上文"BeforeCOVID-19,self-care—caringforourselves-mayhavenotbeenapriorityformanypeople.(在COVID-19之前,自我护理—照顾自己—可能不是许多人的优先事项)"结合后文提出了一些自我护理的方法,可知本句与上文构成转折,指出自我护理的重要性。故C选项"但是现在它比平时更重要"符合语境,故选C。②据后文"Forsomepeople,self-caremaybesimplyslowingdown.Itcanalsomeancontrollingpartsofyourlifethatyoucancontrol.Thisisimportantwhentheworldaroundyoufeelsoutof第15页共15页,control.(对一些人来说,自我护理可能只是慢了下来。它也可以指控制你生活中你能控制的部分。当你感到周围的世界失控时,这一点很重要)"可知,本段关于自我护理的方法是慢下来,B选项中Slowdown对应后文中slowingdown。故B选项"慢下来,感觉一切尽在掌握"符合语境,故选B。③根据小标题"Learnsomethingnew(学习新事物)"以及上文"Forsomepeople,self-caremightincludedoingthingstheyhavealwayswantedtodobutnevermadetimefor.(对一些人来说,自我照顾可能包括做一些他们一直想做但从来没有时间做的事情)"可知,本段提出的建议是学习新事物,本句为本段最后一句,应举例说明可以学习哪些新事物。故G选项"这些事情包括烘焙、园艺、学习一门新语言或其他一些新技能"符合语境,故选G。④根据上文"However,meetingwithamentalhealthprofessionalmaynotbepossibleforsomepeople.(然而,对一些人来说,与心理健康专业人士见面可能是不可能的)"以及后文"Meditating,writingaboutyourfeelingsandproblems,andorganizingthephysicalspacearoundyouareallformsofself-care.(冥想,写下你的感受和问题,整理你周围的物理空间,这些都是自我照顾的形式)"可知,上文提到与心理健康专业人士见面不可能,后文则提到了其它自我照顾的方式,可知本句与上文构成因果关系,指出医生对在大流行期间减少压力的其他方法有建议。故D选项"因此,医生对在大流行期间减少压力的其他方法有建议"符合语境,故选D。⑤根据上文"Itcanhelptohavearoutine—ausualwayofdoingthings.Butexpertssaykeeptheroutinesimple.(养成一种例行公事的习惯是有帮助的。但专家表示,保持简单的作息习惯)"可知,上文提到专家建议保持简单的作息习惯,F选项中routine对应上文中routine。故F选项"同样重要的是,如果你不坚持你的日常生活,不要对自己太苛刻"符合语境,故选F。第二部分语言知识运用第一节答案：1-5CDCAB6-10BCDBA11-15ACDBA解析：1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，他告诉他的妻子，他对这个城市非常失望，以至于不得不离开。inspired品质优秀的，有灵感的；satisfied满意的；disappointed失望的；encouraged受到鼓舞的。根据前文oftencomplainingthatothershadbeenplayingtricksonhim可知汤姆认为别人总是玩弄他，所以他对这个地方非常失望，想离开。故选C。2.句意：所以他的家搬到了另一个城市。any任一，任何的；other另外的，其他的；every每一，每个；another另一个。根据下文sinceTomhadnofriendsinthenewcity可知汤姆搬到了另一个城市，但是没有特指哪个城市。故选D。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是在一个周末的晚上，当汤姆和他的妻子正忙着打扫他们的新家时，灯突然灭了。ending结束；looking看；cleaning打扫；turning转动，旋转。根据theirnewhome可知此处表示打扫新家，cleanup打扫干净。故选C。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他们不得不停下打扫工作。quit放弃，停止，离开；start开始；change改变；continue继续。根据前文...thatthelightsuddenlywentout可知灯灭了，所以他们只好停止打扫。故选A。第15页共15页,5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，他听到轻轻的敲门声，那声音在寂静的夜里听起来很清楚。dark黑暗的；quiet安静的；noisy喧闹的，吵闹的；crowded拥挤的。在安静的夜晚，他听见了敲门声，敲门声和安静的夜晚形成对比。故选B。6.考查名词词义辨析。句意："会是谁呢?"他想，因为汤姆在这个新城市里没有朋友。doctor医生；friend朋友；stranger陌生人；audience观众，听众。根据inthenewcity可知汤姆在这个新城市里还没有朋友。故选B。7.句意：然而，他还是不情愿地走到门口，不耐烦地把门打开了。so因此，所以；although尽管，虽然；however无论如何，不管怎样，然而；moreover而且，此外。根据hewentunwillinglytothedoorandopeneditimpatiently可知虽然这个时候他不喜欢被打扰，但是他还是不情愿地开门了，前后文是转折关系。故选C。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：门口站着一个小女孩，害羞地问："先生，您有蜡烛吗?我是您的邻居。"beer啤酒；roll卷轴，面包；plate盘子；candle蜡烛。根据下文Butthistimeshewasholdingtwocandles可知女孩问的是蜡烛。故选D。9.考查副词词义辨析。句意："没有!"汤姆生气地回答，用力地把门关上。humbly低声下气地，谦逊地；strongly坚定地，强有力地；slightly稍微地，些许地；entirely完全地，彻底地。根据Tomansweredinanger可知他生气了，所以会用力地关门。故选B。10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他打开门，发现外面还是那个女孩。same相同的，同一的；pretty漂亮的，可爱的；energetic有活力的，精力充沛的；confident自信的。此处指的是上文的alittlegirl。故选A。11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这次她拿着两根蜡烛说："我奶奶告诉我楼下的新邻居可能需要蜡烛。她让我来给您这些。"send派遣，安排去；force强迫；prohibit阻止，禁止；suggest建议，暗示。根据togiveyouthese可知小女孩的奶奶告诉她新邻居可能没有蜡烛，所以叫她送蜡烛过来。故选A。12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤姆对他所看到的感到非常惊讶。pleased高兴的；puzzled困惑的；surprised感到惊讶的；frightened害怕的，受惊的。根据上文Butthistimeshewasholdingtwocandles可知汤姆对于眼前的事情感到很惊讶。故选C。13.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他完全理解后，他说："谢谢你和你的奶奶。上帝保佑你们!"brother兄弟；mother母亲；father父亲；grandma外婆，奶奶。根据上文Mygrandmatoldmethenewneighbourdownstairsmightneedcandles.可知此处表示汤姆感谢小女孩和她奶奶。故选D。14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，他突然意识到是什么导致了他人生的失败----他的冷漠和刻薄。goal目标；failure失败；success成功；schedule时间表，计划表。根据hiscoldnessandunkindness可知汤姆意识到是什么导致了他的失败。故选B。15.第15页共15页,考查名词词义辨析。句意：在生活中欺骗他的那个人，实际上不是别人，而是他自己，因为他已经爱上了他那无情的心。mind头脑，思维方式；idea想法，主意，概念；brain头脑，智力；thought思想，想法。根据hearless可知此处表示的是汤姆的思维方式，因为他冷漠无情的思维方式，生活中欺骗他的不是别人，正是他自己。故选A。第二节答案：choice;that;unbelievably;isrecognized;left;forming;with/by;moresuitable;The;is/willbe解析：①此处位于定冠词the和介词of之间,所以该空应填名词。故填choice。②句意为:中国人有句古话:不到长城非好汉。anoldsaying为句子主语,后面句子解释其内容,即为同位语从句,从句中不缺成分,应用that引导。故填that。③urban为形容词,意为"城市的",应用副词修饰。故填unbelievably。④It为句子主语,该空应为谓语动词,recognize与主语之间为被动关系,此处陈述一般性事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填isrecognized。⑤此处为"with+宾语+宾语补足语",即with的复合结构,为固定用法,且leave与auniquescenery之间为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词形式。故填left。⑥stretch为句子的谓语动词,动词form与其之间无连词连接,应用非谓语动词形式作结果状语,且form与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系,应用现在分词形式。故填forming。⑦impresssb.with/by...为固定结构,意为"用……给某人留下印象"。故填with/by。⑧根据句子中的否定词no以及连词than可知,本句应是"否定词+比较级"表达最高级意义的句型。故填moresuitable。⑨SilkRoad是由普通名词构成的专有名词,该专有名词前加定冠词the。置于句首首字母大写。故填The。⑩句意为:欣赏大雁塔的景色和美妙的音乐喷泉(总)是一种令人惊叹的体验。本句无谓语,该空应填谓语动词,句子可以理解为一般性描述,应用一般现在时。本句主语Enjoyingthescenery...为动名词短语,be动词应用第三人称单数形式。故可填is。同时,本句也可表达"欣赏大雁塔的景色和美妙的音乐喷泉总是一个令人惊叹的体验。"因此可用情态动词will表达"总是"这一含义。故也可填willbe。故填is或willbe。第三部分写作第一节答案：DearBob,Ideeplyappreciateyourconcernaboutmycurrentstudy.I'mwritingtosharemypresentsituationsoastoeaseyourconcern.DuetoCOVID-19,wearenowstudyingathome,whichhasmadeitchallengingtopreparefortheCollegeEntranceExamination.Fortunately,weareabletocopebyvariousmeans.Firstly,第15页共15页,ourteachersaregivingonlinelessons.Besides,ifwehavequestions,wecanreachourteachersonline.Ifirmlybelievethatwecanovercomethepresentdifficultyandachievesuccess.Takecareofyourself.Yours,LiHua第二节答案：Paragraph1:Iappearedtobeembarrassedatthatmoment,butinmyheartIfelthappy.Afterall,IbegantospeakEnglishinpublic.Andafterthat,theteachersbegantopayattentiontome,andsometimestheyaskedmetoanswersomeeasyquestions.Someclassmatescametomeafterclassandplayedwithme.Muchtomyjoy,ImadesomefriendsandevenwasinvitedtotheirpartyandIlearnedtochoosesomepresentsforthem.EveryoneseemedtoknowIexisted.Withteachersandfriendsaround,ImadegreatprogressinEnglish.Paragraph2:FourmonthspassedbeforetheschoolplacedmeintoanESLprogram.Atthattime,IwasstillspeakingbrokenEnglishbutIcouldmakemyselfunderstood.Finally,IlearnedhowtospeakandwriteEnglishatamoreadvancedlevel.NowIcanspeakEnglishfreelyandIhavemadealotoffriends.Fear,lonelinessandsadnessdon'texist.Ioweitalltopopculture.Istillliketoturn106.7LightFMonwhenIhavefreetime.第15页共15页
