阶段评估检测(七)(选修7)(120分钟 150分)第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text1M:①Lookattheseflowersonthelowestbranch.Theyaresobeautiful.W:I’veneverseenthiskindbefore.Theymaybeintroducedfromaforeigncountry.1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Flowers. B.Trees. C.Birds.答案:AText2W:Excuseme,couldyoutellmewhattimeK36getsin?M:Well,②it’sdueinat6:10pm,buttheannouncementsaidjustnowtherewillbeahalf-hourdelaybecauseofthebadweather.2.Whenwillthetrainarrive?A.At18:10.B.At18:30.C.At18:40.答案:CText3M:Goodmorning,madam.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Well,③thefacecreamIboughtfromyouyesterdayisforchildren.CanIexchangeitforadifferentone?M:Letmetakealook.OK,noproblem.3.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’saguard. B.He’sawaiter.C.He’sashopassistant.\n答案:CText4W:Hi,Jim,areyougoingtotakeavacationthisweekend?M:Actually,④I’mleavingforTokyonextweekend.W:Cool.ButIcan’tgetawayuntiltheendofJune.4.WhenwillJimstarthisvacation?A.Thisweekend. B.Nextweekend.C.AttheendofJune.答案:BText5W:ShouldItakeataxiorabustothepark?M:Youcantakeeither,but⑤thesubwaygoesdirectlythere.It’scheaper,too.W:⑤Thanks.I’lldothatinstead.5.Howwillthewomangotothepark?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.答案:A第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text6W:Hi,Tim.Howareyougettingalongwithyourwork,busy?M:No,notatall.⑥I’vebeenacouchpotatolately,killingtimebywatchingre-runsofsomeTVseries.W:Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatodothatallthetime.Don’tyoulikedoingsports?M:Notreally.Sowhatdoyoulikedoinginyoursparetime?\nW:Ilovedoingmanydifferentthings.⑦Ilovedoingsports,suchasswimming,cyclingandplayingtennis.Ialsoloveextremesports.M:Doyouloveplayingbasketball?W:Notreally.Tim,whataboutcyclingwithmeattheparkthisafternoon?It’ssuchabeautifuldaytoday!M:OK.Ireallyneedtogetmoving.6.Whathasthemanbeendoingrecently?A.WatchingTV.B.Growingpotatoes.C.Swimminginthemorning.答案:A7.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoing?A.Swimmingandplayingbasketballandtennis.B.Cycling,swimmingandplayingtennis.C.Ridingabikeandplayingbasketball.答案:B听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。Text7W:Hi,Peter.I’vedecidedtoquitmyjob.Ihadanamazingtimehere.Butitistimeformetomoveon.M:MayIaskwhy,Jane?Idohopethatyoustaywithushere.W:Well,youknow,⑧I’vegotanewjobinabigcompany.It’sawell-paidposition.M:Oh,Ithinkthat⑨Iunderstandyourdecisionandyouhavemysupport.W:Thanksforunderstanding.ButIcanworkheretwomoreweeks.M:That’sgreat.⑩Willyoubeabletofinishyourpresentproject?W:Sure.Andifyouhiresomeonewithin14days,I’dbehappytoprovidetraininginmyareas.8.WhydoesJanewanttoquitherjob?A.She’lljoinanothercompany.\nB.She’llrunherowncompany.C.She’stiredofherjob.答案:A9.WhatisPeter’sattitudetowardsJane’sdecision?A.Forgiving. B.Opposed.C.Supportive.答案:C10.WhatisJanedoingforthepresentcompany?A.Workingonaproject.B.Traininganewperson.C.Introducinganewperson.答案:A听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。Text8M:Hi,Lucy.Couldyouhelpmecarrythesebookstomyhouse⑪afterwork?IfItrytodoitmyself,IthinkI’llbreakmyarms.W:Wheredid⑫yougetsomanybooks?Didyourobalibrarian?Oh,don’ttellmeyou’regoingtoopenabookstore.M:Veryfunny.Iwasatthebookstorethewholeday.AftertheNewYearalotofunpopular⑬bookswereputonsale.Ifoundalotofreallyinterestingones.Takealook.W:SpeakChinese,IntroductiontoAsia...AreyouplanningtogetajobinAsia?M:Theyallseemveryinteresting.Iboughtthembecausetheywereworththemoney.Icouldn’taffordthemiftheywerenew.Ifyouhelpmecarrythem,I’llletyouhaveone.W:I’dcertainlyliketopickone.OK.I’llhelpyou.11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Shopassistantandcustomer.\nB.Teacherandstudent.C.Colleagues.答案:C12.Whydoesthemanneedhelp?A.Hehashurthisarms.B.Hehastoomanybookstocarry.C.Hewantstodiscusshisjob.答案:B13.Whydidthemanbuythesebooks?A.Theywerecheap.B.Hewasgoingtoopenabookstore.C.Hewasgoingtogivesometothewoman.答案:A听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。Text9W:Mike,you’regoingtocollegeprettysoon.Areyouready?M:Notreally.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?W:Ofcourse.⑭First,planabudgetandkeeptoit.Youneedtomakeaplaninadvanceofhowmuchmoneyyouwillspendonbooks,food,entertainment,etc.Keepanenvelopeforeachitem,andplaceallofyourbillsintothoseenvelopes.M:WhyshouldIkeepthebills?W:Itcanhelpyouknowwhereyoucansavemoney.M:Isee.WhatelseshouldIdo?W:Ifpossible,youcantakeacourseinfinance.Afterthat,youcanknowhowtosaveandmanageyourmoneybetter.M:That’sgreat.I’llsurelychooseoneassoonasthecollegestarts.W:Sohaveyoudecidedwhattostudyatcollege?M:No.Mymotherwantsmetostudyforeignlanguageandmyfatherwantsmetostudyengineering.⑮ButIwanttolearnartificialintelligence.\nW:⑮Thenlearnwhatyoutrulylove.M:Thanks,Sally.⑯Ihopeyou’llgetagoodjobbeforeyougraduate.W:Thanks.14.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandofirst?A.Savesomemoney. B.Setabudget.C.Buysomebooks.答案:B15.Whichmajordoesthewomanthinkthemanshouldstudy?A.Engineering. B.Foreignlanguage.C.Artificialintelligence.答案:C16.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent.B.Aprofessor.C.Ateacher.答案:A听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。Text10W:Goodafternoon,everyone.⑰NowI’dliketointroduceamovietoyou.ThenameofthemovieisSpark.It’sthenameoftheleadingroleofthemovie.SparkwasplayedbyJaceNorman.⑱HeisateenlivingonaplanetwithhisfriendsChunkandVix.Thirteenyearsago,amannamedGeneralZhongtookcontroloftheirplanetBana.HewipedoutSpark’sfamilyandsenthimintoasecretplace.⑲Butnowthey’velearnedofZhong’splantowipeouttheentireuniverse,andnoonebutSparkcanstophim.Thisisanaction-packedmoviefilledwithcomedyandlove.It’saboutbecomingtheheroyouwereborntobecome.Themovielasts90minutes.⑳It’sdirectedbyAaronWoodley.ThisweekendIwantyoutofindthismovieontheInternetandwatchit.Afteryouwatchit,pleasewriteamoviereviewandhanditnextMonday.17.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?\nA.Theproducingofamovie.B.Somefactsaboutamovie.C.Theworksofafamousactor.答案:B18.WithhowmanyfriendsdoesSparkliveonBana?A.1.B.2.C.3.答案:B19.WhatdoesGeneralZhongwanttodo?A.Tobecomeahero.B.TokillSpark’sparents.C.Todestroythewholeuniverse.答案:C20.WhodirectsthemovieSpark?A.Chunk. B.JaceNorman.C.AaronWoodley.答案:C第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2021·济南模拟) TheNaismithMemorialBasketballHallofFame(theHallofFameforshort)isafantasticdestinationforeveryonefromlifelongbasketballfanstofamilieswithchildrenwhoarejustbeginningtoexploretheworld’smostpopularsport.Eachyear,severalthousandvisitorscrowdintothisbirthplaceofbasketball.DatesandHoursofOperationTheHallofFameisopenWednesdaythroughSundayfromlateNovemberthroughMarch31anddailytherestoftheyear.Hoursarefrom10a.m.to4p.m.(FridaythroughSunday:10a.m.to5p.m.).Becauseitmaycloseforprivatefunctions,itiswisetoconfirmhoursofoperationaheadofyourvisitjustcall1-877-466-6752.\nTicketInformationAdmissiontotheHallofFame(asof2019)is$24forpeopleagedover16,$16foryouthsagedfrom5to16andfreeforchildrenunderage5.Sincethenumberofvisitorsislimitedeachday,youareadvisedtomakeareservationinadvance.Formoreinformation,pleasecall1-877-466-6831.TravellingfromAllDirectionsTheHallofFameisconvenientlylocated(位于)withindrivingdistancefromBoston(intheeast),Albany(inthewest),Vermont(inthenorth)andNewYork(inthesouth)andisrightoffofMARoute91.Forthosewhoprefertotravelbyair,themuseumisnotfarfromLoganInternationalAirportandBradleyInternationalAirport.Formoreinformationaboutthetransportation,call1-877-446-6755.AFriendlyReminder1.Nofoodandbeverageinsideofthehall.2.Backpacksandanylargebagsarenotpermittedinsideofthehallunlessneededformedicalreasons.3.IfyouwishtoparticipateinshootingonCenterCourt,pleasewearappropriatefootwear.Also,contestsofanykindandhalfcourtshotsarenotallowedforeveryone’ssafety.4.Foranythingyoudon’tknowforsure,call413-781-6500.【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了参观奈史密斯篮球名人纪念堂的开放时间、票务信息、交通方式以及一些友情提示。21.WhencanvisitorsvisittheHallofFame?A.At11:00a.m.,Monday,Nov.30th.B.At3:00p.m.,Friday,Mar.12th.C.At4:30p.m.,Tuesday,Apr.1st.D.At5:30p.m.,Sunday,Dec.20th.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据DatesandHoursofOperation部分TheHallofFameisopenWednesday...10a.m.to4p.m....可知,游客可于3月12日周五下午三点参观名人纪念堂。22.Whatisthepurposeofthefourthparagraphofthetext?\nA.TotellaboutthelocationoftheHallofFame.B.TointroduceseveralcitiesneartheHallofFame.C.TostresstheeasyaccessibilitytotheHallofFame.D.ToencouragepeopletoreachtheHallofFamebycar.【解析】选C。写作意图题。根据TravellingfromAllDirections部分的内容可知,游客从东南西北各城市开车便可到名人堂,且名人堂距两个机场都不远,这主要是为了强调名人堂便于游客访问。23.WhatarevisitorsadvisedtodointheHallofFame?A.JoininshootingcontestsonCenterCourt.B.Takesomesnacksincasetheyarehungry.C.Takecareoftheirbackpacksduringthevisit.D.Wearsuitableshoesiftheywanttotryshooting.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据AFriendlyReminder部分Ifyouwishtoparticipateinshooting...wearappropriatefootwear可知,如果游客想要尝试投篮应穿合适的鞋。B(2021·上海模拟) AtinycluefoundinancientdepositshasunlockedbigsecretsaboutGreenland’spastandfutureclimate.JustbeyondthenorthwestedgeofthevastGreenlandIceSheet,researchershavediscoveredlakemudthathavesurvivedthelasticeage.Themud,andremainsofcommonfliesinit,recordtwointerglacialperiods(间冰期)innorthwestGreenland.Althoughresearchershavelongknownthesetwoperiods—theearlyHoloceneandLastInterglacial—experiencedwarmingintheArctic,themixofflyspeciesshowsthatGreenlandwasevenwarmerthanpreviouslythought.“Asfarasweknow,ithasneverbeenfoundinGreenland.Wethinkthisisthefirsttimeanyonehasreporteditinancientdepositsormodernlakesthere,”Axfordsaid.“Wewerereallysurprisedtoseehowfarnorthitmigrated(迁徙).”ThisnewinformationcouldhelpresearchersbettermeasureGreenland’ssensitivitytowarming,bytestingandimprovingmodelsofclimateandicesheetbehaviour.ThosemodelscouldthenimprovepredictionsofhowGreenland’sicesheet\nmightrespondtoman-madeglobalwarming.Afterall,Greenlandcovers80percentoftheArcticcountryandholdsenoughicetoequal20feetofglobalsealevel.“NorthwestGreenlandmightfeelreallyremote,butwhathappenstothaticesheetisgoingtomattertoeveryoneineverycoastalcityaroundtheworld,”saidYarrowAxford,anassociateprofessorintheteam.“OneofthebiguncertaintiesinclimatescienceishowfasttheEarthchangeswhenitgetswarmer.GeologygivesusanopportunitytoseewhathappenedwhentheEarthwaswarmerthantoday,”saidAxford.Peoplemightbesurprisedtoseehowtoday’sGreenlandlookedduringthelasttwointerglacialperiods.DuringtheLastInterglacial,globalsealevelsincreasedby15to30feet,largelyduetothinningofGreenlandandAntarctica’sicesheets.However,nowresearchersbelievenorthernGreenland’sicesheetexperiencedstrongerwarmingthanpreviouslythought,whichcouldmeanthatGreenlandismoreresponsibleforthatsea-levelrise.Findinglakedepositsolderthanabout10,000years,however,hasbeenhistoricallyverydifficultinGreenland.Tomeasuretheseancienttemperatures,researcherslooktoicecores(冰核)andlakedeposits.Sinceiceandlakedepositsformbyagradualbuilduponannuallayersofsnowormud,thesecorescontainhistoryofthepast.Bylookingthroughthelayers,researcherscanobtainclimatecluesfromcenturiesago.【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了研究人员在格陵兰冰原的西北边缘发现了在最后一个冰河时代幸存下来的湖泥,这些淤泥和常见苍蝇的遗骸表明,格陵兰北部的冰盖经历了比之前认为的更强烈的变暖,以及阐明这一研究背后的意义。24.Whyaretheremainsoffliesmentionedinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.TheyserveasevidencethatthereisstilllifeintheNorthwestGreenland.B.TheywereoneofthemanyancientlivesthatwereleftintheGreenlandmud.C.TheyareindicatorsthatGreenlandwasmuchwarmerthanpreviouslythought.D.TheyhelptheresearchersrealizethattherewasonceawarmperiodintheArctic.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句Themud,andremainsofcommonfliesinit,recordtwointerglacialperiodsinnorthwestGreenland.和第二段第一句Althoughresearchershavelongknownthesetwoperiods—theearlyHoloceneandLast\nInterglacial—experiencedwarmingintheArctic,themixofflyspeciesshowsthatGreenlandwasevenwarmerthanpreviouslythought.可知苍蝇种类的混合表明,格陵兰甚至比以前认为的还要温暖。25.ThenewinformationaboutGreenlandisimportantbecause_______.A.researchershavenoideahowtomeasureGreenland’swarmingspeedB.itcanhelpresearchersbetterstudyGreenland’sresponsetowarmingC.peopleshouldbemoresensitivetothechangesintheiceinGreenlandD.itisuncertainhowfasttheEarthchangeswithman-madeglobalwarming【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句ThisnewinformationcouldhelpresearchersbettermeasureGreenland’ssensitivitytowarming,bytestingandimprovingmodelsofclimateandicesheetbehavior.可知这些新信息可以帮助研究人员更好地测量格陵兰岛对变暖的敏感性。26.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Itiseasierfortoday’sscientiststofindancientlakedeposits.B.PeoplearesurprisedatthelandscapefeatureofGreenlandtoday.C.Researchersmeasurethechangingtemperaturesbydirectlyexaminingmud.D.Greenlandholdsenoughicethatmightonedaythreatenlifeincoastalcities.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段Afterall,Greenlandcovers80percentoftheArcticcountryandholdsenoughicetoequal20feetofglobalsealevel.“NorthwestGreenlandmightfeelreallyremote,butwhathappenstothaticesheetisgoingtomattertoeveryoneineverycoastalcityaroundtheworld,”saidYarrowAxford,anassociateprofessorintheteam.可知格陵兰的冰盖变化会影响沿海城市的每一个人。27.Whichdoyouthinkisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.GreenlandUsedtoBeMuchWarmerB.EarthOnceExperiencedWarmPeriodsC.CoastalCitiesWarnedofComingDisastersD.NorthwestGreenland,APerfectDestination【解析】选A。主旨大意题。结合全文内容,本文为一篇说明文,主要介绍了广阔的格陵兰冰原的西北边缘,研究人员发现了在最后一个冰河时代幸存下来的湖泥,这些淤泥和常见苍蝇的遗骸表明,格陵兰北部的冰盖经历了比之前认为的更强烈的变暖,\n以及阐明这一研究背后的意义。【知识拓展】长难句分析Althoughresearchershavelongknownthesetwoperiods—theearlyHoloceneandLastInterglacial—experiencedwarmingintheArctic,themixofflyspeciesshowsthatGreenlandwasevenwarmerthanpreviouslythought.本句是一个让步状语从句。主句部分,主语为themixofflyspecies,谓语为shows,that后是宾语从句。从句部分,主语为researchers,谓语为havelongknown,之后的是宾语从句。C Haveyoueverheardsomeonesay“Youtotallylooklikeyou’reaJessica”orsomethingsimilar?Peopleseemtothinkthattheyknowwhatkindofpersona“Jessica”ora“Michael”lookslike.Whyisthis?AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,humanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearances,andcanevenguesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.Researcherscollectedthousandsofphotosofpeople’sfaces.Theylabeled(贴标签于)eachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38%ofthetime.Itseemsthatcertaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.However,thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousednicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames.Thismayshowthataperson’sappearanceisaffectedbyhisnameonlyifheusesitoften.“Thiskindofface-namematchinghappensbecauseofaprocessofaself-fulfillingprophecy(预言),aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome,”RuthMayofromTileUniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert!Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgenderandracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson’sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounder\nfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.PeoplemaythinkthatwomennamedRosearebeautiful.Theyexpectthemtobe“delicate”and“female”,justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现,人们倾向于把姓名和外貌联系起来,甚至通过一个人的长相来猜测其姓名。28.Howisthispassagedeveloped?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Byaskingquestions.C.Byintroducinganexperiment.D.Bycomparingdifferentcases.【解析】选C。写作手法题。通读全文可知,前四段主要介绍了一项关于姓名和外貌之间的联系的实验的过程和结果,后三段主要介绍了与该实验相关的结论。据此可推知,本文是通过介绍一项实验的方式来写作的。【知识拓展】篇章结构题解题技巧对《考试大纲》中提出的理解文章的基本结构的要求,往往通过篇章结构题来考查。考生要学会把握文章的脉络,理解段落层次之间的关系,弄清作者的写作方法。英语的文章讲究使用主题段和主题句。主题段通常在文章的开头,简要概括文章的中心思想,主题句根据段落的写作手法的不同可能在段落的开头,也可能出现在段落的中间或末尾。段与段之间常用词语连接,承上启下,使文章行文连贯,逻辑严密。为突出主题作者可能采用不同的写作手法来组织文章,通过举例、比较、类比等手法来透彻阐明主题观点。对文章组织结构的理解,最常见的提问方式:Howisthepassageorganized?;Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?分析这一类的题我们看出:对文章组织结构的考查不外乎两个层次。一是按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构,一是按写作方法理解文章的结构。在解题过程中我们要在抓住主旨大意的基础上,理解段落层次间的关系,理解文章的结构。29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudy?A.Volunteersfounditmucheasiertoguessnicknames.B.Nameshavedifferentassociationsindifferentcultures.C.Volunteerscouldguessthecharacteristicsoftheinterviewees.D.Thepeopleinthephotosandvolunteerswerefromthesameculture.\n【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“However,thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.”可知,然而,只有当志愿者看到来自他们自己文化的名字时,这种方法才有效。据此可推知,姓名在不同的文化里有不同的联系。30.WhydosomepeoplelookliketheirnamesaccordingtoRuthMayo?A.Theywanttopleaseeveryonearoundthem.B.Theydon’twanttobedifferentfromothers.C.Theytendtobecomewhatothersexpectthemtobecome.D.Theyliketocopyfamouspeoplewhosharethesamename.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第六段中RuthMayo所说的话“Thiskindofface-namematchinghappensbecauseofaprocessofaself-fulfillingprophecy,aswebecomewhatotherpeopleexpectustobecome”可知,RuthMayo认为,一些人的姓名与外貌相一致是因为他们趋向于成为别人期望他们成为的样子。31.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A.WhatDeterminesOurNamesB.WhyWeLookLikeOurNamesC.HowWeGetRidofOurStereotypesD.HowStereotypesAffectPeople’sLooks【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第二段并结合全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了“姓名和人的外貌有一定的关系”这一研究发现的相关情况。故B项最适合作本文标题。【知识拓展】Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousednicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames.分析:句中whousednicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames为who引导的定语从句,引导词who在从句中作主语,修饰先行词people。译文:此外,志愿者在猜测使用绰号比使用真名更多的人的真实姓名方面不是那么擅长。D Ramennoodleshavebeenago-to(首选的)foodforstudentsfordecades.Afterall,theyonlytakeeightminutestocookinadormhotpotandareeasyonthebudget.HollyGrounds,arecentprojectdesigngraduateofRavensbourneUniversity,inLondon,usedtoeatalotoframennoodleswhenshestudied.Butitgotherthinkingthat\nthepackagingofaproductthattakesjustminutestocookandeatshouldn’ttakedecadesormoretodecompose(分解).That’swhyshedecidedtomakeeatablewrappersfornoodles,avoidingtheneedforplastic.Groundswantedtoproduceaproductthattheusercouldwatchactuallydissolveinthepot,unlikeotherbio-basedfilms(包装膜)thatarebeingdeveloped.“Whileotherbio-basedalternativestoplasticclaimtobecompostable(可用作堆肥的),fromaconsumerperspectiveit’snotalwaysthatsimple,”shesaid.“Manyoftheemergingbio-basedfilmsonlybreakdowninanindustrialcomposter(堆肥机)at50degreesCelsius,sotheyoftenendupinthewrongplacewithouttheconsumerreallyknowingthattheycauseddamagetotheplanet.”Now,insteadofplasticpacksofseasonings(调料),thedriedspicesandflavoringsarepartofaflavorlessbioplasticfilmthatwrapsthenoodlesandkeepsthemfresh.Thefilmdissolvesinlessthanaminutewhenitcomesintocontactwithboilingwater,accordingtoGrounds,andtheliquidbecomesthesauceforthenoodlesandlargeringredientslikedriedshrimp.“Theingredientsareblendedandheateduntilthemixtureisthickenough.Atthispoint,Iaddthespicesandflavoringsbeforepouringitintoamoldtosetfor24hours,”Groundssaid.Thesenoodleparcelsarethenpackagedinawax-coatedpaper.Withplasticstakinghundredsofyearstodecomposeandfillinglandfillsandoceansglobally,eatablepackagingandsingle-useitemsareseenasthewaytogo.Groundsseesopportunitiestousehereatablepackagingforotherreadymealsandshewantstocontributetotheglobalfightagainstsingle-useplastics.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。食品包装袋给食物套上精致的外衣,却让环境为之买单。近日,英国一大学生制作出一种可食用包装袋,这种食品袋集包装、防腐、调味为一体,热水冲泡后几分钟内化为汤料,方便又环保。32.WhydoesGroundswanttoreplaceplasticwrapperswitheatableones?A.Theplasticonesarenoteco-friendly.B.Theplasticonesdoharmtoourhealth.C.Theeatableonesappealtomoreconsumers.D.Theeatableonessavemorecookingtime.\n【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句Butitgotherthinkingthatthepackagingofaproductthattakesjustminutestocookandeatshouldn’ttakedecadesormoretodecompose.That’swhyshedecidedto...可知,她觉得塑料制品分解时间太长,所以她决定为面条做一个可吃的包装,避免了对塑料的需求。33.Whatmakesthebio-basedfilmsfailtobecompostableinpractice?A.Theimmaturetechnology.B.Thehighcostofdissolving.C.Theirspecialmaterialcomposition.D.Theirspecificdecomposingconditions.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段Manyoftheemergingbio-basedfilmsonlybreakdowninanindustrialcomposterat50degreesCelsius,sotheyoftenendupinthewrongplacewithouttheconsumerreallyknowingthattheycauseddamagetotheplanet.可知,许多新兴的生物基薄膜只能在50摄氏度的工业堆肥机中分解,因而实践中不能堆肥,这是因为他们特定的溶解条件。34.WhatdoweknowabouttheeatablewrapperaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Itensureslongerpreservationtime.B.Itrequiresaspecialcookingmethod.C.Itendsupasthesauceforfood.D.Itimprovesthetasteandflavorofnoodles.【解析】选C。细节理解题。第三段介绍了这种无味的生物塑料包装薄膜可以与沸水接触溶解后,这种液体就会变成一些较大食材的调味汁。35.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Themethodofusingtheeatablenoodlewrappers.B.Theprocessofmakingtheeatablenoodlewrappers.C.Thepackagingdesignfortheeatablenoodlewrappers.D.Thestoragerequirementsfortheeatablenoodlewrappers.【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据第四段从配料混合后加热,到加入香料和调味品,然后倒入模具中,放置24小时,最后用蜡纸包装。可知本段介绍了制作可食用面条包装纸的过程。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) 根据短文内容,\n从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtovolunteerabroadThereissomuchgoodtodointheworld!Ifyouareplanningatrip,herearesomepointerstomakethemostofyourvolunteeropportunities.Prepareinadvance. 36 .Findoutwhatlanguagesarespoken,anyculturaldifferencesandanyissuesofwhichyoushouldbeaware.Youmusthaveahearttoserve,andalsoknowhowtobecareful. Goinwithmodesty.Whenvisitinganotherculture,thefirststepshouldbehumility(谦逊).Gowithcaringhearts,openminds,andlisteningears.Keepinmindthatyouareaguest. 37 .Youwon’tmakeanytrueprogress.Youmightbuildahomeforafamilyinneed,butyouwon’tbuildtrust. 38 .Whenyouvolunteerabroad,youshouldbedoingitwithafullheart.It’simportanttoeatwithlocals,shareintheircustoms,andattendtheiractivities.Youmustengageyourselffullyinthevolunteeropportunity,whichshowsthatyoucareaboutwhatyou’redoingtogether. Sharewhenyoureturn.Don’tjustkeepthatvolunteerexperienceinyourheadorinyourjournal. 39 ,butevenbetterissharingitinone-on-oneorgroupconversations.Intheseconversations,it’snotjust“Idugawellandhelpedacommunitygain20moregallonsoffreshwateraday.”Yes,thatisimportant! 40 . Internationalvolunteeringisagift.Itisactuallymoreofagiftforyouthantherecipients.Throughthelessonsyoulearn,youbecomeabetterperson,astrongerleader.A.ConsiderthetimeoutsideasanopportunityB.PostingitonsocialmediaisapositiveideaC.UsetheirlocaltechniquesD.Ifyoudon’tdothis,youriskdamagingtherelationshipatthestartE.Manypeoplegointo“dothejob”andthengobacktotheirhotelsF.MakesureyoutaketimetounderstandthehostcountrybeforeyougoG.Evenmoreimportantisbeingsincereandlearningmoreaboutyourself\n【文章大意】如何在国外做志愿者,文章给出了几点指导意见。36.【解析】选F。考查注释/解释句。由本段的中心句“Prepareinadvance.”可知,本段是有关出发前的准备工作的内容,空处是对小标题的解释说明。故F项符合语境。37.【解析】选D。考查承上启下句。由上文“要有关爱他人的心、开放的思维并且要倾听。记住你是客人。”可知,D项“你如果不这样做,可能一开始就会把关系搞砸”承接上文,且与空后的意思衔接自然,D项中的this指代上文提到的内容。故选D。38.【解析】选A。考查段落主旨句。通读本段内容可知,本段主要说明了你应该全心全意参加志愿活动,珍惜在国外做志愿者的机会。故A项适合做本段的主旨句。39.【解析】选B。考查注释/解释句。本段的中心句是“Sharewhenyoureturn.”。分析选项可知,B项与share所表达的意思相同,且与空后的evenbetter相呼应。故选B。40.【解析】选G。考查上下文逻辑。空前的important与G项中的important是原词复现。故选G。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 WhenIwasinthethirdgrade,wehadascavengerhunt(寻宝游戏)atschool.Wegatheredupchalk,pencils,stones, 41 fillingourchecklists.Itwasaverycloserace.When 42 forthelast,mosthard-to-finditem—aclover(三叶草),Iwasoutof 43 .IwasprettysureIwasgoingto 44 becauseIhadatrumpcard(王牌).Thethingis,Ihavealwaysbeenabletofindclovers.I 45 seethem. Ispentmychildhoodcollectingand 46 cloversintobooks.WhenIranoutofbooks,Ibegantoslipmytreasuresinto 47 Icouldfind.Thesameistrueinmyhousetoday. 48 abook,andapaperytreasurejustmightfallintoyour 49 . AfewyearsagomyhusbandandI 50 offtheroadforapicnic.Thegroundwas 51 withclovers.Ilinedthemuponthetableto 52 asmyhusbandneverhavingfoundone,lookedonwithwonder.Tome,itwas 53 . Twosummersback, 54 waitingforanairportshuttle,Ifoundatinyfour-leafcloverandfoldeditintomy 55 .Onthewayhomeourseatswereupgraded.Friends\n 56 ourgoodlucktothecloverbutIthinkit’sbecauseoftheflightcancellation. Peopledisagreeaboutwhethertheluckliesinthefindingorinthe 57 ofaclover.Somebelievethattheluckislostifthefour-leafcloveriseven 58 tosomebodyelse,whileothersthinktheluck 59 ifitisgivenaway.Ibelievethatpositivityisincreasedby 60 . 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。该文主要讲述了作者与三叶草的故事。作者总是能够找到三叶草,小时候找到三叶草后赢了游戏,长大后发现三叶草后坐飞机座位又升级了。41.A.rapidly B.completelyC.publiclyD.automatically【解析】选A。结合语境“Wegatheredupchalk,pencils,stones”可推知,收集这些东西很快就把清单填满了。42.A.applyingB.waitingC.accountingD.searching【解析】选D。根据上文“WhenIwasinthethirdgrade,wehadascavengerhuntatschool.”可知,作者当时在寻找最后一个,也是最难找到的物件——三叶草。43.A.orderB.breathC.shapeD.control【解析】选B。根据上文“Itwasaverycloserace.”并结合语境“...thelast,mosthard-to-finditem”可推知,难分胜负的比赛进行到最后时,作者累得上气不接下气。outoforder“出故障”;outofshape“变形的,走样的”;outofcontrol“失控”。44.A.loseB.winC.competeD.fail【解析】选B。根据语境“becauseIhadatrumpcard”可推知,作者确定自己就要赢了。45.A.only B.even C.still D.just【解析】选D。根据上文“Thethingis,Ihavealwaysbeenabletofindclovers.”可推知,作者觉得自己确实能够看到三叶草。just“确实,的确”。46.A.turningB.slidingC.pressingD.knocking【解析】选C。根据语境可知,作者童年时把三叶草收集起来夹到书里面。\n47.A.anythingB.nothingC.somethingD.everything【解析】选A。作者把书都用完了之后,就把三叶草夹到任何她能发现的东西里面去。48.A.DropB.ReadC.ShakeD.Skim【解析】选C。根据上文“WhenIranoutofbooks,Ibegantoslipmytreasuresinto______Icouldfind.”可推知,随手抖抖一本书,就可能会有作者夹的三叶草落在手里。 49.A.wristB.elbowC.skinD.hand【解析】选D。随手抖抖一本书,就可能会有作者夹的三叶草落在手里。50.A.fellB.droveC.pulledD.turned【解析】选C。根据语境“forapicnic”可推知,作者和丈夫把车停在路边,准备野餐。pulloff“驶向路边短暂停车”。51.A.wetB.thickC.dryD.dusty【解析】选B。根据上文“forapicnic”和下文“Ilinedthemuponthetable”可推知,野餐的地方密密麻麻地覆盖着三叶草。52.A.smellB.tasteC.analyzeD.admire【解析】选D。根据上文作者把三叶草描述为“apaperytreasure”可推知,作者很珍惜三叶草,因此野餐时把找到的三叶草放在桌子上欣赏。53.A.freshB.simpleC.authenticD.tough【解析】选B。与丈夫的一无所获相比,作者找到了很多三叶草,这对她来讲并不是什么难事,与上文“Thethingis,Ihavealwaysbeenabletofindclovers.”呼应。54.A.whileB.sinceC.asD.until【解析】选A。结合语境可知,作者在等飞机时发现了一株四叶草。55.A.certificateB.documentC.passportD.license【解析】选C。根据语境可知,故事的背景是在机场,结合选项可推知,作者把发现的四叶草放进了自己的护照里。56.A.owedB.adopted\nC.comparedD.connected【解析】选A。根据语境的转折“butIthinkit’sbecauseoftheflightcancellation”可推知,此处表示作者的朋友把好运归功于四叶草。57.A.chargeB.hopeC.favorD.possession【解析】选D。根据下文中的“Somebelievethat...whileothersthinktheluck______ifitisgivenaway.”可知,此处表示运气在于寻找还是拥有三叶草,人们在这个问题上的看法存在分歧。inthepossessionof“归……所有”。 58.A.offeredB.shownC.soldD.served【解析】选B。根据语境可知,有人认为把四叶草展示给他人看,好运就会溜走。59.A.doublesB.disappearsC.changesD.spreads【解析】选A。而另一些人认为把四叶草赠送给他人好运会加倍,这与之前的把四叶草展示给他人好运就会溜走形成对比。60.A.negotiatingB.describingC.presentingD.sharing【解析】选D。作者认为分享会让积极性增加。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientistsfoundthatairpollutionmaycauseabigreductioninintelligence.Research61.______(conduct)inChinashowedthatairpollutionwasresponsible62._______bigfallsintestscoresforlanguagesandarithmetic.Thestudyiscalled,Theinfluenceofexposuretoairpollutiononcognitive(认知)performance.It63.______(publish)intheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesjournal.Thestudytookplaceoverfouryears.Researchersanalyzedspeaking64._______arithmeticteststakenby20,000peopleofall65._______(age).Theysaid,“Pollutedairmaypreventcognitiveabilityaspeoplebecomeolder.”Thestudyisa66._______(warn)totherestoftheworld,67.________(especial)thoseincities.Over91percentoftheworldpopulationliveinareaswithpoisonous\nairandairpollutionis68._______fourthhighestcauseofglobaldeaths.Researchersdiscoveredthatthelongerpeoplewereexposedtopollutedair,the69.______(great)theirintelligencewentdown.Theysaidairpollutioncausedayear’sworthoflosteducation.Forthoseagedover60,thiscouldbeseveralyears.Aresearcherwarned,“Thereisnoshortcut(捷径)tosolvethisproblem.Governmentsreallyneedtotakemeasures70._______(reduce)airpollution.”【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了空气污染对人的语言能力和计算能力产生不良影响,人们接触受污染的空气的时间越长,他们的智力越低,因此作者呼吁政府需要采取措施减少空气污染。61.【解析】conducted。考查过去分词。Research和conduct是动宾关系,因此使用conduct的过去分词作后置定语。62.【解析】for。考查介词。beresponsiblefor对……负责,是……的原因。63.【解析】waspublished。考查时态和语态。由上下文可知,本句的事情发生在过去,应该使用一般过去时。It作主语,它承受谓语动词publish的动作,因此使用被动语态;又因主语为单数意义,故谓语动词用单数形式。64.【解析】and。考查并列连词。使用并列连词and连接speaking和arithmetic,表示并列意义。65.【解析】ages。考查名词的数。age(年龄)是可数名词,其前有all修饰,在句中要变复数形式。66.【解析】warning。考查动名词。warn是动词,其前有不定冠词a,因此warn要变为动名词的形式。67.【解析】especially。考查副词。especially表示陈述某一事实之后,列举具有代表性的例子时作进一步强调,其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。即副词especially修饰those(指人)incities,用于着重指出。68.【解析】the。考查冠词。句意:世界人口的91%以上生活在空气有毒的地区,空气污染是全球范围内导致人死亡的第四大原因。序数词修饰形容词最高级时,其前要使用定冠词the。69.【解析】greater。考查固定用法。the+比较级,the+比较级:越……越……,表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。70.【解析】toreduce。考查固定短语。takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事。第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)\n第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。 IstillrememberthedaywhenIclimbedMountEmeiwithmyfriend.Ittookusanhourandahalfgettherebybus.Seeingthousandofpeoplethere,wesoonjoinedtheminthelong,hardclimb.Tiredlyaswewere,wekeptgoingupafterwegottothetopofthemountain.Thewindwasstrongbuttheviewisbeautiful.Wehadagreatfunthere,takealotofphotos.Luckily,ImetanAmericanlady,whoevenaskedmetoteachhimsomeChinese.Wesawanaughtymonkeytakingavisitormobilephoneinourwayback.答案:\n1.【解析】第二句getthere前加to。Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花某人多长时间做某事。2.【解析】第三句的thousand→thousands。thousandsof数以千计的,thousand为名词。3.【解析】第四句的Tiredly→Tired。本句为倒装句,形容词作表语提前。4.【解析】第四句的after→until/before。我们一直努力爬到山顶,用until或before。5.【解析】第五句的is→was。根据前面的并列结构wasstrongbut可知用一般过去时。6.【解析】第六句的great前的a去掉。fun是不可数名词,havegreatfun玩得高兴。7.【解析】第六句的take→taking。take和We之间为主动关系,用现在分词短语作状语。8.【解析】第七句的him→her。指代anAmericanlady,用代词her。9.【解析】第八句的visitor→visitor’s。游客的手机,用名词所有格。10.【解析】第八句的in→on。onone’sway在……的路上。第二节 书面表达(满分25分) 假定你是李华,因下周五要到机场接表妹,所以不能陪Tom去北京旅行。请你给Tom写一封道歉信。\n内容主要包括:1.向Tom表达歉意;2.向Tom解释原因;3.祝Tom下周愉快并另约时间陪Tom去北京旅游。注意:1.词数100个左右;2.适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】DearTom,IamverysorrythatIcan’tgoonatriptoBeijingwithyounextweek,whichIhavepromisedyou.Iamwritingtotellyouthereasonforit.Justnow,mycousin,LiYing,whowentabroadforfurthereducationlastyear,informedmethatshewouldreturnthenextFridaymorning.Sheaskedmetopickherupattheairportwithherparents.Asyouknow,wehaven’tseeneachotherforaboutayear,soIhavetoseeherinthefirstplace.Ireallyhopethatyoucanacceptmyapologyandunderstandme.IwouldappreciateitifyouallowmetofixanothertimetoshowyouaroundsomeplacesofinterestinBeijing.Wishyouhaveagoodtimenextweek.Yours,LiHua【知识拓展】道歉信的写作[题型特点]道歉信是因过失或疏忽做错了事,给别人带来了麻烦或损失,发觉后为了给对方赔礼道歉而写的信件。其结构:①表明写作意图,对某事表示歉意;②说明道歉的具体原因;③再次表明歉意,请求谅解,并提出补救措施。[常用句式]\n1.开头常用语①Iamwritingthislettertoapologizetoyoufor...我写这封信是因……向你道歉。②Iamwritingtoexpress/conveymydeepestapologytoyou.我写信向你表达我深深的歉意。2.主体部分常用语①IregrettoinformyouthatIcannot/amunableto...我遗憾地告知你我不能……②Iamsorryformynotbeingableto...duetothefactthat...我非常抱歉我不能……因为……③Muchtomyregret,Iwasunableto...andIwishthatmyapologycouldhelptosomeextent.很遗憾,我不能够……希望我的道歉在某种程度上能起到作用。④Irememberweplannedto...butnowbecause...Icannot...withyouasplanned.我记得我们原本计划……但是现在由于……我不能与你如期……⑤Imustapologizeforanyinconvenienceitmayhavecausedyou.为此事可能给你带来的任何不便,我深表歉意。3.结尾常用语①Onceagain,I’msorryforanyinconveniencecaused.对于造成的任何不便我再次表示歉意。②Isincerelyhopethatyouwillbeabletothinkinmypositionandacceptmyapologies.我衷心地希望你能够站在我的角度考虑一下,并接受我的道歉。③Pleaseacceptmysincereapologyfor...oncemore.请为……再次接受我真诚的道歉。④Isincerelyhopethatyouwillkindlyacceptmyapologies.我衷心希望你能友好地接受我的道歉。
