2021高考英语复习之真题重点词汇短语及练习（十二）2019年全国卷I阅读理解D篇重点单词、语块1．rosy[ˈrəʊzi]adj.美好的2．elementary[ˌelɪˈmentri]adj.初级的；基础的3．openness[ˈəʊpənnəs]n.诚实；率真；坦率4．carryover继续存在，保持下去5．analyze[ˈænəlaɪz]vt.分析6．conclusion[kənˈklu:ʒn]n.结论7．cometoanotherconclusion得出另一个结论8．berelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes与积极的生活结果有关9．beresponsiblefor作为……的原因；成为……的起因10．createopportunitiesfor创造……的机会11．gainanadvantage获得优势12．duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool在美好的小学时光13．doll[dɒl]n.玩偶；玩具娃娃14．status[ˈsteɪtəs]n.地位；身份15．tween[twi:n]n.10至12岁之间的少年16．teen[[ti:n]n.13岁到19岁的青少年17．meangirls刻薄的女孩18．rank[ræŋk]n.地位，级别19．smokecigarettes抽烟20．breakrules违反制度21．playjokesonsb.捉弄某人22．popularity[ˌpɒpjuˈlærəti]n.受欢迎23．awell-exploredsubject一个被人们广泛研究的课题24．clinical[ˈklɪnɪkl]adj.临床的25．aprofessorofclinicalpsychology临床心理学教授26．category[ˈkætəgəri]n.类别，种类\n1．sortthepopularintotwocategories将受欢迎的人分为两类2．lik(e)able[ˈlaɪkəbl]adj.讨人喜欢的3．seeker[ˈsi:kə(r)]n.寻找者；追求者4．quality[ˈkwɒləti]n.品质5．strengthen[ˈstreŋθn]vt.加强；增强；巩固6．schoolyard[ˈsku:ljɑ:d]n.校园7．jump-start[ˈdʒʌmpstɑːrt]vt.推动；刺激8．interpersonal[ˌɪntəˈpɜ:sənl]adj.人际关系的9．jump-startinterpersonalskills提高人际交往技巧10．tap[tæp]vt.开发，发掘11．employ[ɪmˈplɔɪ]vt.应用；运用；使用12．adolescence[ˌædəˈlesns]n.青春期；青春13．power[ˈpaʊə(r)]n.权力14．dishonorable[dɪs'ɒnərəbl]adj.可耻的15．enviable[ˈenviəbl]adj.令人羡慕的16．consequence[ˈkɒnsɪkwəns]n.结果17．engagein从事，参加18．adolescent[ˌædəˈlesnt]n.青少年19．survey[ˈsɜ:veɪ]n.调查研究20．aggressive[əˈgresɪv]adj.好斗的；挑衅的21．overtime随着时间的推移22．likability[ˌlaɪkə'bɪlətɪ]n.讨人喜欢23．adjustment[əˈdʒʌstmənt]n.调整；适应24．havetheoppositeeffecton对……有相反的影响课后练习（一）Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小学）,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencamemytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfoundmyself.\nPopularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein’sstudiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedinelementaryschool,are＂mostlikelytoengage（从事）indangerousandriskybehavior.＂Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringtheleastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（调查研究）.＂Wefoundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheirclassmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus."Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplaydate-sharing,kindness,openness—carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelateandconnectwithothers.Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch，Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyislikabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too."Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelpsomebodygainanadvantage,＂hesaid.1.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.2.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout？A.Theclassificationofthepopular.B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.\n3.WhatdidDr.Prinstein’sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.D.Theyperformedwellacademically.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BeNice—YouWon’tFinishLastB.TheHighertheStatus,theBetterC.BetheBest—YouCanMakeItD.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness参考答案：CABA课后练习（二）Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright(剧作家)hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.However,avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludecomedy,satire,poignantdrama,historicalandregionaldrama.Toshowtheversatility(多面性)oftheshortplay,Ihaveincludedaguidanceplay,aradioplayandatelevisionplay.Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection,PaulGreen,SusanGlaspell,MaxwellAnderson,ThorntonWilder,WilliamSaroyan,andTennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheircontributionstothetheater.Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.Togetthemostoutofreadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,\nwithyou,thereader,intheaudience.Thehouselightsdim(变暗).Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.1.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Hehaswrittendozensofplays.B.Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.C.Heisaprofessionalstageactor.D.Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.2.Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork?A.Statingtheplays’centralideas.B.Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.C.Includingvarioustypesofplays.D.Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays?A.Controltheirfeelings.B.Applytheiractingskills.C.Usetheirimagination.D.Keeptheiraudienceinmind.4.Whatisthistext?A.Ashortstory.B.Anintroductiontoabook.C.Aplayreview.D.Anadvertisementforatheater.参考答案：BACB
