2022版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（15）李仕才A(2022·河南洛阳高三第一次统考)Allovertheworldmothersandfathersteachtheirchildrenmanners.Otherchildrenmayhavemannersthatarenotlikeyours.Thereareallkindsofmanners.Manyyearsago，childrenwhohadgoodmannerswereseenandnotheard.Theykeptquitequietifgrownupsweretalking.Today,wellmanneredchildrenhavemorefreedom.Sometimesgoodmannersinoneplacearebadmannersinotherplaces.SupposeyouareavisitorinthelandofMongolia.Somefriendsaskyoutoeatwiththem.Whatkindofmannersdotheywantyoutohave?Theywantyoutogivealoud“burp(打嗝)”afteryoufinisheating.Burpingwouldshowthatyoulikeyourfood.Insomecountries,ifyougivealoudburp,youaretoldtosay“Excuseme,please.”Inmanyplacespeopleliketoeattogether.ButinsomepartsofPolynesiaitisbadmannerstobeseeneatingatall.Peopleshowgoodmannersbyturningtheirbacksonotherswhiletheyeat.WhataremannerslikeinanEastAfricantown?Thepeopletrynottoseeyou.Theyarebeingpolite.Youmayseeafriend.Hemaynotseeyouatall.Ifyouarepolite,youwillsitdownbesidehim.Youwillwaituntilhefinisheswhatheisdoing.Thenhewilltalktoyou.SupposeyouvisitafriendinArabia.Youshouldwalkbehindtheothertentsuntilyoucometohistent.Ifyoupassinfrontoftheothertents，youwillbeaskedintoeachone.Thepeoplewillaskyoutoeatwiththem.Anditisbadmannersifyousayno.Mannersaredifferentallovertheworld.Butitisgoodtoknowthatallmannersbegininthesameway.Peopleneedwaystoshowthattheywanttobefriends.1．Howdidpolitechildrenbehavemanyyearsago?A．Bylookingintoadults’eyeswhiletalking.B．Bykeepingsilentwhileadultsweretalking.C．Byslippingintothehousewithoutbeingheard.D．Bynotopeningtheirmouthsuntilspokento.2．Whichcustomshouldwefollowinordertolookwellmannered?A．Saying“Excuseme”onburpinginMongolia.B．InvitinggueststodinnertogetherinPolynesia.C．TalkingwithafriendbeforehecompletesthingsinEastAfrica.10\nD．AcceptinganeatinginvitationinArabia.3．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Hearmuch，speaklittle.B．Loveme，lovemydog.C．WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.D．Dowhatyououghttoandcomewhatcan.【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了世界上一些地方的礼仪。1．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句可知，过去，在大人们说话时，儿童保持沉默是一种礼貌的行为。2．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句可知，接受阿拉伯人一起吃饭的邀请是礼貌的行为。3．C 解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容尤其是最后一段的第一句可推知，礼仪因地域而各有不同，因此最好的做法是入乡随俗。B(2022·河北七校高三联考)Itwassomethingshehaddreamedofsinceshewasfive.Finally，afteryearsoftrainingandintensiveworkouts，DeborahDuffeywasgoingtocompeteinherfirsthighschoolbasketballgame.ThegoalsofbecominganoutstandingplayerandplayingcollegeballwereneverfarfromDeborah’smind.ThegamewasagainstMillsHighSchool.With1minuteand42secondsleftinthegame，Deborah’steamledbyonepoint.AplayerofMillshadpossessionoftheball，andDeborahrantoguardagainsther.AsDeborahwasrunningtoblocktheplayer，herkneewentoutandshefelldownonthecourtinburningpain.Justlikethat，Deborah’sseasonwasover.Aftersufferingthebadinjury，Deborahfoundthat，forthefirsttimeinherlife，shewasinasituationbeyondhercontrol.Gameaftergame，shecoulddonothingbutsitonthesidelineswatchingothersplaythegamethatshelovedsomuch.10\nInjurieslimitedDeborah’stimeonthecourtasshehurtherkneesthreemoretimesinthenextfiveyears.Shehadtospendcountlesshoursinaphysicalclinictoreceivetreatment.Herfrequentvisitstheregaveherapassionandrespectfortheprofession.AndDeborahbegantoseeanewlightinherlife.Currentlyasaseniorincollege，Deborahfocusesongettingadegreeinphysicaltreatment.Aftershegraduates，Deborahplanstouseherknowledgetoeducatepeoplehowtobesttakecareoftheirbodiesandcope_withthefeelingsofhopelessnessthatsherememberssowell.1．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．APainfulMistakeB．GreatAdventureC．ALifelongPunishmentD．ANewDirectioninLife2．HowdidDeborahfeelwhenshefirsthurtherknee?A．Calm. B．Confused.C．Ashamed.D．Disappointed.3．WhatisTRUEaboutDeborahDuffey?A．Shedidn’tplayonthecourtaftertheinjury.B．Sheinjuredherkneewhenshewastryingtoblockaplayer.C．Sheknewthatshecouldn’tbeabasketballplayerwhenshewasachild.D．Sherefusedtoseekprofessionalassistancetohelpherrecoverfromherinjuries.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“copewith”inthelastparagraphmostlikely10\nmean?A．Putupwith.B．Getalongwith.C．Dealwith.D．Comeupwith.【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了DeborahDuffey是如何从篮球比赛的受伤中获得新生的。1．解析：选D。标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段可知，DeborahDuffey现在正在大学学习物理疗法，毕业后，她打算利用所学知识教育人们如何照顾身体和处理无助的感觉，即Deborah找到了人生新的方向，故选D项。2．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“shewasinasituationbeyondhercontrol.Gameaftergame，shecoulddonothingbut...lovedsomuch”可推知，Deborah对自己目前的状况感到失望，故选D项。3．解析：选B。正误判断题。根据第二段中的“AsDeborahwasrunningtoblocktheplayer，herkneewentoutandshefelldownonthecourtinburningpain”可知，Deborah在拦截一个球员时，膝盖受伤了，故选B项。4．解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，DeborahDuffey现在正在大学学习物理疗法，毕业后，她打算利用所学的知识教育人们如何照顾身体和处理无助的感觉，dealwith“处理”，故选C项。C【2022模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。10\nWinterVineckibeganrunningatagefive,butgotseriousin2022afterherfatherdiedofcancer—that’swhenshedecidedtohonorhismemorybyrunningamarathononeverycontinentbeforeher15thbirthday.Scope:TeamWinterisanorganizationyoufoundedtoraisemoneyforcancerresearch.Howdiditgetstarted?Winter:Atfirst,TeamWinterwasformedtofightchildhoodobesity.WhenIwas8,Iranaraceandraised$1,100forthatcause.Butlessthanayearlater,mydadgotcancer.IknewIhadtodosomethingtohelp.WhenIstarted,mygoalwastoraise$10,000.I’veraisedwellpastthat—almost$500,000.Scope:Whatgoesthroughyourmindwhenyourun?Winter:WhenI’mhavingahardtimeduringarace,Ithinkaboutmydad.Ifhecoulddealwiththepainofcancer,Icandealwithanytypeofpain.Hewasaveryfriendlyperson.Hewasalwayssmilingandveryhappyevenwhenhehadcancer.Scope:Isyourageeveranobstacleinyourraces?Winter:I’vebeenturneddownbyracedirectorswhowon’tletanyoneyoungerthan16or18compete.ButDianaNyad,thefirstpersontoswimfromCubatoFloridawithoutasharkcage,toldme,“Neverletthemtellyouitcan’tbedone.”FromthenonIknewmyagewasn’ttheproblem.Scope:You’veprobablyinspiredlotsofpeopletoo.Winter:I’veheardaboutkidsdoingprojectslikeme.Onceinarestaurant,aboycameuptomymomandmeandtoldushisdadhadcancertoo.Nowhe’scompetinginrunningforhisdad.Hearingstorieslikethathelpskeepmegoing.1.WhatdoweknowaboutTeamWinter?A.Italwaysholdsdifferentraces.B.Itsfinalgoalistoraise$500,000.C.ItwasnamedafterWinter’sfather.D.Itwastohelpobesechildrenatfirst.2.WhenWinterhasahardtimeduringarace,whatkeepshergoing?A.Herfather’sillness. B.Herfather’ssuccess.C.Herfather’sbravery. D.Herfather’skindness.3.Winter’swordsinthelastparagraphtellusthat_____.10\nA.shesetsagoodexampleforothersB.shehopesotherswilldowhatshedoesC.theboywantstojoinTeamWinterD.theboyinviteshertocompetewithhim(个人情况)本文是应用文。文章是对15岁马拉松选手WinterVinecki的访谈。1.D。细节理解题。根据第一部分问答的Atfirst,TeamWinterwasformedtofightchildhoodobesity可知，Winter创建TeamWinter的最初目的是为肥胖儿童筹集善款。2.C。推理判断题。根据第二部分问答可知，如果Winter在比赛中遇到困难，她会想到父亲总是微笑地面对病痛。故正是父亲在病痛面前表现出的勇敢让Winter在困境中继续前进。3.A。推理判断题。从最后一部分问答的kidsdoingprojectslikeme以及男孩为帮助父亲参加比赛的举动可知，Winter为他人树立了良好的榜样。D(2022·潍坊一模)Canyouimagineaworldwithoutchocolate?It’snotsomethingI’dliketodo，soIwasrelievedtoreadthatthere’sauniversitywithaprogrammetosafeguardthefutureofchocolate!TheUniversityofReading，inEngland，hasjustopenedanewclearinghouseforalltheworld’snewcocoavarieties.Theymustbequarantined(实行检疫)beforetheycanbegrown.Why?Cocoaproductionhitarecordhighof4.4milliontonslastyearbutabout30%ofthepreciouscropisregularlylosttopestsanddiseases.Nowwedon’twantthat，dowe?Demandforchocolatehasbeenincreasingfasterthantheworldsupplyofcocoaandresearchersthinkthatnewvarietiesarekeytosolvingthisproblem.TheUniversityofReadinghasbeenprotectingthequalityofthenewcropsince10\n1985，afterittookoverthetaskfromtheRoyalBotanicalGardensinKew，London.Andithasimproveditsfacilities.Theleaderoftheinstitution’scocoaproject，ProfessorPaulHadley，says，“Oneofthemainissuesconcerningcocoaimprovementisthesupplyofreliablyclean，healthy，interestingcocoamaterial.”Thecocoacentrehasacollectionof400plantvarietiesandtheirgreenhouseusesalotofenergytokeepthemintropicalconditions.Afteruptotwoyearsinquarantine，cleanandsafeseedsaresenttosome20countries，includingseveralinWestAfrica.That’swhere75%ofthecocoausedforchocolateworldwidecomesfrom.Thecropisextremelyimportantforthelocaleconomy：itemploysabouttwomillionpeople.ProfessorPaulHadleysaysheworkswithasmallteamofskilledtechnicianswholookafterthecollection.Andmoreofusseemtocountonthemnow.Thescientistsays，“Thereissomeconcernwithintheindustrythatdemandisincreasingconstantly，particularlyincountrieslikeChina，wherethestandardoflivingisincreasingandpeoplearegettingatastefordifferentchocolates.”1．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Safeguardingcocoaseeds.B．Plantingcocoaseedsworldwide.C．Keepingcocoaseedsingreenhouse.D．Findingthenewmarketforcocoa.2．Theinstitution’scocoaprojectisto________．A．havecocoaskinremovedB．offermorejobstopeople10\nC．ensurethequalityofcocoaD．supplycocoafortwomillionpeople3．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A．Thetasteofchocolatesischanging.B．Demandforcocoaisincreasingcontinually.C．Peopleareconcernedaboutcocoavarieties.D．Chinesehavealonghistoryofeatingchocolates.4．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toeducate. B．Toadvertise.C．Towarn.D．Toinform.【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了英国一项保护可可种子的项目。1．解析：选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段的第二句“It’snotsomethingI’dliketodo，soIwasrelievedtoreadthatthere’sauniversitywithaprogrammetosafeguardthefutureofchocolate！”及第五段中的“cleanandsafeseeds”可知，本文主要讲的是英国保护可可种子的项目，即A项正确。2．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句“Theleaderoftheinstitution’scocoaproject，ProfessorPaulHadley，says，‘Oneofthemainissuesconcerningcocoaimprovementisthesupplyofreliablyclean，healthy，interestingcocoamaterial.’”可知，这个机构是要确保可可粉的质量，即C项正确。3．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的关键词“demandisincreasingconstantly”可知，本段主要讲可可需求的不断增长，即B项正确。4．解析：选D。写作意图题。文章第一段点题，结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国保护可可种子的项目，属于向读者传递信息的类型，即D项正确。E10\nWeknowthatprescriptiondrugscanbecostlyandwe’reheretohelp.Over60,000independentandmajorretailpharmacies（零售药房）nationwideaccepttheSimpleSavingsCard.Findonenearyou.●Simplydownloadafreecardfromoursiteorchoosetohaveonemaileddirectlytoyou.Theprocessissimpleand,becauseit’snotinsurance,everyoneiseligible—there’snoqualificationprocess.●PrintyourSimpleSavingsCardandsignit.Nowit’sreadytouse.●Presentyourcardwithyournextprescriptionpurchaseandsaveupto$600!Storeyourcardanduseitforeachprescriptionpurchase.Becauseofoursizeandrelationshipswithinthepharmaceuticalindustry,weareabletonegotiatelowerpricesonyourbehalf.Wegetpaidbythepharmaceuticalcompanieswhenyouuseyourcard.PleasenotethatyoucannotusebothyourinsurancecardandtheSimpleSavingsCardatthesametime.Ifyouhaveaninsuranceplanthatcoverstheprescriptionyouarepurchasing,werecommendyouuseyourinsuranceplanfirst.Ifyoudon’thaveinsuranceorifthedrugyouarepurchasingisnotcoveredbyyourinsuranceplan,youcanuseyourSimpleSavingsCard.Youarejuststepsawayfromunlockinggreatsavingsonyourprescriptiondrugs.SimplycompletetheformtoobtainyourFREESimpleSavingsCard.Or,youmayrequestacardbyphone.Tospeaktooneofourhelpfulteammembers,callusat800-451-0133.1.Thedetailsgivenonthisformmainlytellus_________.A.howtheCardworksB.howtheCarddiscountsC.howtheCardcanbefreeD.howthecardispurchased2.WhichofthefollowingisadvisedtousetheCard?A.Theonewhohasnoinsuranceplan.B.Theonewhocanfindpharmaiesnearhim.C.Theonewhohasawideinsurancecoverage.D.Theonewhowantstousethecardwithhisinsurance.10\n3.WhichistrueabouttheSimpleSavingsCard?A.Itishealthinsurance.B.Itisadiscountprogram.C.Itcanbeusedwithinsurancecar.D.Itisacceptedinhospitals.【文章大意】本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了一项能帮助人们在购买药品时节省钱的项目。1.A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章所给的细节可知，此处在介绍如何得到和使用SimpleSavingsCard。故选A。3.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的＂Weknowthatprescriptiondrugscanbecostlyandwe’reheretohelp＂及倒数第一段中的＂Youarejuststepsawayfromunlockinggreatsavingsonyourprescriptiondrugs.＂可推知，这是一个打折项目，能帮助人们省钱。故选B。10
