绝密★启用前2022届四省名校高三第一次大联考英语本试题卷共8页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、考号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡。上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ahotel.B.Acolleague.C.Afire.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Ataparty.C.Inastore.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Brotherandsister.C.Bossandemployee.4.WhenwasJack’sflightscheduledtotakeoff?A.2:00a.m.B.11:00p.m.C.12:00p.M.5.What’sthewomanmostprobablydoing?A.Applyingforacollege.B.Havingajobinterview.C.Visitingtheelderly.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完
后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesLucysayaboutherroommates?A.Theyarefromthesamemajor.B.Theyhavesomethingincommon.C.Theycomefromdifferentplaces.7.WherewillMikeprobablygonext?A.Thedormitory.B.Thegym.C.Theclassroom.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Loseweight.B.Goswimming.C.Takeexercise.9.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Byadvisingheraboutthediet.B.Byrecommendingayogatrainertoher.C.Byprovidingherwithafitnessplan.10.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Disappointed.B.Uncertain.C.Satisfied.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatisDorisprobablydoing?A.Takingawalk.B.Havinglunch.C.Makingaphonecall.12.WhydidJennycancelthearrangementwithDoris?A.Toprepareforanexam.B.Totakelotsofexercise.C.Thmakeanotherappointment.13.OnwhatconditionshouldDoriscallJennyback?A.Ifshecomesbackearly.B.Ifsheisfreetomorrow.C.Ifsheagreestomeetnextweek.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.WheredidWinkelmannprobablygeteducatedasachild?A.Intheschool.B.Inthechurch.C.Inthehome.15.WhatwasWinkelmanndoingwhenshemadeherdiscovery?A.Walkingunderthestarrysky.B.Watchingstars.C.Studyingaknowncomet(彗星).16.WhathappenedtoWinkelmann’sapplicationasanassistantastronomer?
A.Itwasaccepted.B.Itwasignored.C.Itwasdeclined.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whathappenedtotheolddog?A.Hewaslostandblockingastreet.B.Helovedhisownersandwaswell-fed.C.Hewaslovelyandtrickedbyaman.18.Wherewasthedogwhenthewomanwenttowork?A.Atthewoman’shome.B.Inthepolicestation.C.Intheanimalshelter.19.Whatdidn’tthewomanexpect?A.Toadoptadog.B.Togiveherinformation.C.Toreceiveathank-younote.20.WhowasBarney?A.Thedog’sowner.B.Theflowerman.C.Theolddog.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWe’reopen!TwomillionyearsofhumanhistoryawaitsMostofourgalleriesareopen,fromtheworld-famousEgyptianmummiestothewonderfulcollectionoftheIslamicWorld.TicketstoNero:themanbehindthemythandThomasBecket:murderandthemakingofasaintandthepermanentcollectionarenowavailabletobook.Wecan’twaittowelcomeyouback.EntrytotheMuseumisnowticketed,bothforthefreepermanentcollectionandpaidexhihitions.Allvisitors,includingmembersandvolunteers,areadvisedtobookinadvance.Pleasenotethatsomegalleries(e.g.TheContemporaryandModernMiddleEasternArt)remainclosed.●Alimitednumberofwalk-upticketsareavailableeachdayforthosewhoarriveattheMuseumwithoutadvancebookings-pleasespeaktostaffonyourarrivalattheMuseumtoenquireaboutavailability,asentrycan’tbeguaranteed.●Facecoveringsarerequiredfortheprotectionofyourselfandothers.●Weaskthatyoukeepasafedistanceapartduringyourvisit.Staffareon-handtoadviseand
therearemarkersthroughouttheMuseumtoguideyou.Pleasebeconsiderateofothervisitorsandstaff.●Someofourcafesandshopswillbeopen-contactlesspaymentispreferred.●PleasedonotvisitifyoufeelunwellorhaveCOVID-19symptoms.●●UndercurrentregulationsrelatingtoNHSTestandTrace,we’rerequiredtoaskeveryvisitoraged16andovertoprovidetheircontactdetailsforTestandTrace.Pleasefollowgovernmentguidanceandvisitingroupsofnomorethansixpeopleoragroupoftwohouseholds.Weaskthatyoumaintainsocialdistancingbetweenpeopleyoudonotlivewith.Weusecookiestoprovideyouwithmorepersonalisedservices.Formoreinformation,pleasefollowthe"Readmore"link,otherwiseselect"Acceptandclose".21.Whichofthefollowingexhibitionsisnotavailabletovisitorsnow?A.Thepermanentcollection.B.Nero:themanbehindthemyth.C.TheContemporaryandModernMiddleEasternArt.D.ThomasBecket:murderandthemakingofasaint.22.Whatarevisitorsaged16andoverrequiredtodo?A.Providecontactdetails.B.Bookwalk-uptickets.C.Takeaguidedtour.D.Visitingroupsoflessthansixfamilies.23.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook.B.Awebsite.C.Anartnewspaper.D.Amagazine.BAsateenager,whenmyfamilytookavacation,IwrotepostcardstoshowmyfriendsthenewplacesIhadexplored.IconsideredpostcardsassimplyawaytosharetravelsuntilIcameacrossmygrandmother’spostcardalbum.Itwasadarkgrayleatheralbum,wheremostofthepostcardshadpicturesthatdidnotreflectaholidayoratraveldestination.Instead,thenotesweremostlyinvitationstoadinnerpartyorawalkthenextday."Whydothesepostcardsaskyoutocometotea?"Iaskedmygrandmother."Becausethisishowwecommunicatedbeforewehadatelephone,"shesaid."Iwouldpopapostcardinthemorningmail,andafriendwouldreceiveitthatafternoon.Thenshe’dpostareply
thatarrivedinmymailthenextmorning."Iwassurprised.LifewithoutaphonesoundedlikesomethingoutofLittleHouseonthePrairie(草原).Connectingbypostcardsseemedasunexpectedasusingacarrierpigeon.Ihadforgottenaboutmygrandmother’spostcardsuntillockdownsrestrictedourtripstoseeingourthreegranddaughters.Rememberingmygrandmother’salbum,Iboughtseveralsetsofcardsandeveryfewweeks,I’dwritenotesandmailthem.Thegirlsoccasionallyrespondedwithbriefthankyoutexts.ThenonedayIopenedmymailboxandspiedthreehand-addressedenvelopes.Theywerefrommygranddaughters,eachthankingmeforthepostcards.Thenotescapturedtheirdisappointmentwiththepandemicandhowmymessageshadcomfortedthem.Ihadbeenthinkinghowmygrandmotherhadacceptedthetelephoneasanewwaytokeeprelationships.Likeher,Iacceptedthegirls’preferredmodeofcommunicationandtextedmythanksfortheirletters.Yet,evenasthelockdownsend,Iwillcontinuetosendthempostcardsbecauseeveryoneenjoysreceivingarealletterinthemail.24.Whydidtheauthor’sgrandmotherwritepostcards?A.Tosharetravelexperiences.B.Toconnectwithpeople.C.Topassthetime.D.Toshowloveandcare.25.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoflifewithoutaphone?A.Itwasstrangeandhardtoimagine.B.Itwaspeaceful.C.Itwaslikelifeontheprairie.D.Itwasattractive.26.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenreceivingletters?A.Puzzled.B.Regretful.C.Delighted.D.Crazy.27.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AttractionofPostcardsB.NewWaysofCommunicationC.LoveduringLockdownsD.AnOldPostcardAlbumCScientistsnearSanFranciscoworktoidentifyatypeofendangeredfishusingatoolthatwasoriginallymadefortreatingcancer.Currently,CRISPRisusedtochangethegeneticmaterialinspecificcells.Bychangingthestructureofimmunecells,ithelpsrecognizeandfightcancer.Thesametechnologyisnowusedina
specialmachinecalledSherlock,which,ofcourse,isnamedafterthefamousinvestigatorSherlockHolmes.Theydonot,however,useSherlocktochangefishcells.Instead,theoceanresearcherscatchthefish,collectasmallamountofmucus(黏液)andthentestthecellstofindthegeneticmakeupofthefish.Itcanbedoneinabout30minutes.Inthepast,theresearcherswouldhavetowaitweeksormonthstogettestresults.TheresearchershavefoundthatthetechnologyisextremelyhelpfulwhenlookingatdifferentspeciesofChinooksalmons,becausetheylooknearlythesame.However,someofthemareendangered,andthescientistsneedtokeeptrackofthem.Inthepast,thescientistswouldcatchtheChinooksalmonandmeasurethemtotellthemapart."It’snotveryaccurate,"saidAndreaSchreier,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofCaliforniainDavis.Nowsheisworkingonthesalmon.Schreiersaidwhentheycatchthefish,theSherlockmachinecanquicklytellthemiftheyhaveoneofthespecialsalmons.It’simportantbecauseitallowsthescientiststodothingsthatwillhelptheendangeredsalmonlivelonger.Forexample,theycancatchtheminlakesfarawayfromthecoastandtakethembytrucktotheSanFranciscoBay.Inthepast,thefishmighthavetriedtomakeittotheBaybyswimminginrivers.However,duetoclimatechange,theriverwaterissometimestoowarmforthefishtomakethetripsafely.Schreiersaidshefeelsgoodabouttheprojectbecauseshelikesbeingabletoassistwithconservation."Ireallywanttoworktomaintainourecosystemsandournativepopulations,giventhepressureshumansplaceonthemthroughourdifferentactivities."28.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetechnology?A.Efficient.B.Immature.C.Inaccurate.D.Economical.29.Whatdothenewtechnologyandthetraditionalwayhaveincommon?A.Theytestthefish’smucustotellthemapart.B.Theyarecarriedoutbyresearchersinthelab.C.Theyhelpresearcherstelldifferentsalmonsapart.D.TheyaimatbetterprotectingsalmonsinSanFrancisco.30.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheChinooksalmons?A.Theywillsoondieout.B.Theyareofthesamesize.C.Theyarenowwellprotected.D.Theyareusedtocoolwater.31.WhatdoweknowaboutAndreaSchreierfromthetext?
A.Shethinkshumansaregreatlypressured.B.Shecannowspendlesstimeonherwork.C.Sheisratherdevotedtotheconservation.D.Shethinksherworkisofgreatimportance.DYoumaynotrealizeit,butwhenyoustareatyourpartner’seyes,there’sagoodchancethatyou’relookingatamodifiedreflectionofyourself.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplechoosepartnerswhotendtobeofsimilarsize,shape,andraceasthemselves…andtheymayevenhavefacialfeaturesincommon.TakeLotGeelsfromAmsterdamandherAmericanhusband,BrockMosovsky,forexample."Wehavesimilarblondehairandblueeyes,"saysLot."Neitherofusisverytall.We’rebothbuiltathleticallyandwe’rebothmainlyofEuropeanorigin."Evenifyoudon’tlooklikeyourpartner,youlikelysharenonphysicalcharacteristics,accordingtoagrowingfieldofresearch,likeeducationlevel,socioeconomicstatus,religion,personalityfeatures,andevencore(核心)values.LotandBrockfallintothistypeaswell."WebothhavePhDsandworkinresearch,"shesays."Webothliveanactivelifestyle,mainlyrockclimbingandskiing.Ourworldviewsareprettysimilar,andwe’rebothhard-working,socialandfriendlypeople."Researchershavebeenstudyingthephenomenonofpeoplewithsimilaritiespairingup-knownaspositiveassortativecoupling-fordecades.Ifyou’resurethat"oppositesattract",youmaybesurprisedbyresearchfindings,whichprovethatlikeattractslike.However,ifyoubelievethat"likesattract",youprobablyunderstandwhypeoplesurprisinglyseeklifepartnerswhoremindthem,onsomecomfortinglevel,ofthemselves."There’sanelementofpredictabilitywhenyoudatesomebodyofasimilarbackground,"saysTyTashiro,theauthorofTheScienceofHappilyEverAfter."They’relessthreatening,lessscary.They’llbemoreofafamiliarpersonfromthestart.Familiarityissomethingwefindattractive."32.WhatcanweinferaboutLotandBrock?A.Theyhavethesamehairandeyes.B.Theybothcomefromwealthyfamilies.C.Theyareattractedbyeachother’ssimilarities.D.Theybothhavethesameculturalbackground.33.Whichofthefollowingisclosetotheunderlinedexpression"positiveassortative"?
A.Ofthepreferredtype.B.Ofthedifferenttype.C.Ofthesimilartype.D.Oftheoriginaltype.34.WhydopeopletrytofindsimilarpeopleaspartnersaccordingtoTyTashiro?A.Theyarecomfortabletostaywith.B.Theyaremorethreateningandscarier.C.Theycandevelopthesanehobbiesandinterests.D.Theyhavethesamestatusandbackground.35.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconvey?A.Loveme,lovemydog.B.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.C.Agoodwifemakesagoodhusband.D.Absencemakestheheartgrowfonder.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Hasthiseverhappenedtoyou?You’reexhaustedafteralongworkingday,andtheonlythingyouwanttodoisthrowyourselfonthebedandblackout.36!Instead,you’retossingandturningwithyourmindoccupiedwithendlessthoughts.Howevertiredyou’re,sleepkeepsescapingfromyou!Thereasonforthatmightbethefollowingseeminglyinnocentbedtimehabits.DrinkingwaterIt’struethatourbodyneedstostayhydratedduringtheday,butstop"watering"itonehourbeforegoingtobed,otherwiseyou’llbecertaintomakeone,orevenacoupleoftripstothebathroom,whichwillrudelyinterruptyoursleep.37.Playingwithgadgets(电子设备)Cutdownonyourscreentimebeforefallingasleep.Notonlydogadgetsover-stimulateyourbrain,makingitrestless,buttheirscreensalsogiveoffthatdisturbingbluelight.Thislightstopsyourbody’ssleephormoneandchangesyourinternalclock.38.Ofcourse,youcanchooseaspecialnightmodeonyourdevicestosolvetheproblem,butthebestsolutionistopowerdownallhand-heldscreensanhourbeforesleeping.39It’sbelievedthateatingalotbeforegoingtobedcancausenightmares.Byeatingheavyfoodsfordinner,yourbrainisencouragedtobemoreactive,whichcanleadtovividnightmares.Besides,
aheartydinnerdisruptsyourdigestivesystemandcausesproblemswithyourstomach.40.So,trytoavoidthebadbedtimehabits,andyou’llfeelmorerestedandenergeticinthemorningandduringthenextday.A.EatinglessatpropertimeB.EatingheavilybeforesleepC.Butunfortunately,youcan’tmakeitD.Consequently,yourbraindoesn’tbelieveit’stimetogotobedE.Forlackofpropersleep,youcangetphysicallyandmentallyillF.It’snotonlyaboutthesizeofthemealbutthetimewhenyouhaveitG.Moreover,mostpeoplehardlyfallbackasleepaftergettingupatmidnight第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Athirty-year-oldenvironmentalpuzzlehasfinallybeensolved.Sincethe1990s,piecesofplastictelephonesthatlooklikeGarfield-thelazycartooncat-havebeen41uponbeachesinFrance.Butforthree42,nooneknewwherethephoneswerecomingfrom.OnMarch22,agroupofvolunteersfromacoastalclean-uporganization,alongwithtwojournalistsfinallyfoundoutthe43totheirpuzzle.Theydiscovereda(n)44shippingcontainerand45ofseveralGarfieldphonesinsidearockyseacave.Thecaveishardtofind,andcanonlybe46whenthetide(sea)islow.Shippingcontainersareusedtomovethingslikefood,clothingandotheritems47thesea.Cargoships48hundredsofthehugesteelcontainersfromthecountrieswherethegoodsaremadeorgrown,tothecountrieswheretheywillhe49.However,50knowsforsurehowtheshippingcontainerfullofGarfieldphonesendedupinthe51.Peoplewholiveintheareasaythatthe52firstshoweduponbeaches53abigstormintheearly1990s.Thecontainer54felloffashipduringthestorm,butnobodyeverreportedthatitwas55.TheGarfieldphoneshavebecomeasymboloftheproblemofocean56.FabienBoileauisthedirectorofIroiseMarineNaturalPark,wherethecavewiththephonesis57.Hesaid
theGarfieldphoneshelppeopleto58thatplastictrashdoesn’t59intheocean.Someofthecolourfulplasticpiecesstilllookalmost60,eventhoughtheywerewashedoverboardmorethan30yearsago.41.A.builtB.washedC.givenD.blown42.A.decadesB.yearsC.centuriesD.months43.A.theoryB.evidenceC.beliefD.answer44.A.ordinaryB.emptiedC.strangeD.broken45.A.picturesB.filmsC.callsD.parts46.A.reachedB.foundedC.protectedD.used47.A.byB.onC.acrossD.around48.A.provideB.carryC.possessD.include49.A.storedB.exportedC.SoldD.destroyed50.A.everybodyB.thegroupC.theorganizationD.nobody51.A.countryB.seaC.caveD.ship52.A.phonesB.catsC.bodiesD.wastes53.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.despite54.A.immediatelyB.probablyC.secretlyD.eventually55.A.stolenB.hiddenC.missingD.sinking56.A.voyageB.explorationC.protectionD.pollution57.A.locatedB.watchedC.separatedD.repaired58.A.explainB.observeC.understandD.conclude59.A.breakdownB.diedownC.godownD.slowdown60.A.normalB.newC.realD.cool第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Peoplearealwaysfascinatedbythenightskyfullofstars.AmericanDennisTitoisn’tdifferent.61aboy,hebegantodreamthathe62(travel)thereoneday.ThatwasoneofthereasonsforhisstudiesofengineeringandhisworkforNASA.Afteronlyfiveyears,however,helefthisjobinthelaboratoriesandthrew63(he)intotheinvestmentmarket.Hewassosuccessfulthathehad$200millioninhisaccount.Hestillkepthisboyhooddream
andnowhehadmoney64(realize)it.Atthetime,theRussianspaceagencywasfacingfinancialproblems,andthat’swhytheymadeadealwithTito.He65(pay)twentymilliondollarsforaone-weekspacevacation.Heunderwentmedicalexaminations66(follow)bytrainingfor8months.OnApril28,2001,Titotookoffwithtwoastronauts67becamethefirstspacetouristtotheISS.Titodidn’tlikethename"spacetourist".Hepreferredthename"independentresearcher"becausehealsoperformedsome68(science)experimentsinspace.Titostayedinspacefor7days,during69heorbitedtheEarth128times.Hethen70(safe)landedinKazakhstan.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ihavereturnedhacktomycountrysafeandsound.Ireallywantedtoexpressmygratitudetomyhostforthathehasdoneforme.Duringmystaywithhim,Iwasgoodlookedafterandheshowedmearoundmanyplaceofinterest,whichleftadeepimpressiononone.Inaddition,withherhelp,myoralEnglishhasgreatlyimproved.Besides,IhavebetterknowledgeofAmericanculture.Withitsatmosphereattractedme,IhopeIcanhaveasecondchancetogothere.Asthewintervacationisatthecorner,IhopehecansparesometimetovisitChina.Unlesshecomes,IwillaccompanyhimtoenjoythebeautyofChineseculture.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华，你校学生会将举行一场为河南郑州灾后重建筹款的义演活动。请你代表学生会，给你的外教Edward发一封邮件，邀请他作为嘉宾参加此活动。内容包括：1.活动时间；
2.活动地点；3.活动安排。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇:义演charityshowDearEdward,Howiseverythinggoing?Yours,LiHua
