2022—2022学年度第一学期期末检测试题高三英语本试卷分五部分。满分120分。考试时间120分钟。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Oldclassmates.B.TravelersinEngland.C.Touristandguide.2.Whendoestheplanetakeoff?A.At18:15.B.Attento9:00.C.At8:15.3.Whathastheweatherbeenlikerecently?A.Rainy.B.Snowy.C.Cloudy.4.Whatistheman?A.Adentist.B.Awaiter.C.Aneditor.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftherent?A.Reasonable.B.Low.C.High.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thegirl’sjob.B.Thegirl’smajor.C.Thegirl’scollege.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutJoyce?A.Shedoesn’twanttostudybusiness.B.Sheisn’tseriousaboutherfuture.C.Shecan’tmakeherowndecision.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Humanactivities.B.Naturaldisasters.C.Climatechange.9.Howoftendofloodsstrikethecountry?A.Everytwelvemonths.B.Everythreeyears.C.Every20\notheryear.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdothemanandthewomanwanttodo?A.Tobuyanapartment.B.Torentahouse.C.Topreparefortheirwedding.11.Whatkindofhousedotheywant?A.Withtwobedrooms.B.WithalivingroomfortheTV.C.Withabigkitchen.12.Whydoesn’tthemanwanttolivefarawayfromthedowntown?A.Hedoesn’twanttogetuptooearlyinthemorning.B.Apartmentswillbemoreexpensivethere.C.Thetrafficistoobusytogettowork.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howmanysuitcasesdoesthewomanwanttodeposit?A.Two.B.Five.C.Six.14.Whatcoloristhesuitcasecontainingthelaptop?A.Red.B.Black.C.Brown.15.Whatwillthewomandowithherdigitalproducts?A.She’lldepositthemthere.B.She’lltakethemwithher.C.She’lldeposittheminRoom213.16.Whywillshegototheofficeonthesecondfloor?A.Tomakecomplaints.B.Towaitforherfriends.C.Tochecksomeotherbaggage.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthispassagemainlytalkingabout?A.Differentcultures.B.Tablemanners.C.Variouscountries.18.Inwhichcountryisdrinkingliquidfoodwithanoiseacceptable?A.InJapan.B.InBritain.C.Notmentioned.19.Whatshouldn’twedowhilewearedininginBritishfamily?A.Putourhandsonthetable.B.Keepsilentattable.C.Useourlefthandattable.20.Whatshouldyoudoifyouvisitanothercountry?A.Askthenativepeopletheretohelpyou.B.Watchcarefullyandtrytodoasthepeopletheredo.C.AorB.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。20\n21.Theproposalsdeservesupportastheneedsofchildrenshouldbegiven________to.A.priorityB.preferenceC.privilegeD.promotion22.Itissaidthatmunicipalgovernmentplansto________fireworksincelebrationofthe2500thYangzhouCityAnniversary.A.setoffB.setoutC.setupD.setabout23.Ihadjustfinishedmyhousework________Iheardcriesforfirstaidtheotherday.A.asB.whileC.sinceD.when24.________adistinctivescenicspotworth________,Yangzhou,afriendlycity,appealstovisitorsfromallovertheworld.A.Considered;visitedB.Considered;visitingC.Considering;visitingD.Considering;beingvisited25.Astheprincipalputsit,“Noone________thecampuswithoutthepermissionoftheheadteacher.”A.isleavingB.istoleaveC.willleaveD.leaves26.JackMa,founderandexecutivechairmanofChina'sAlibabaGroup,hasa$28.6billionfortune,________makinghimtherichestpersoninChina.A.itB.oneC.thatD.which27.Arecentsurveyshowsthatthequestion________NewYear'sEveshouldbeincludedinthethree-dayNewYear'sholidaysparkedheateddiscussionamongtheInternetusers.A.thatB.whetherC.howD.where28.WefirstmetintheSlenderWestLakein2022,andbothofusfeltimmediatelythatwe________eachotherforyears.A.knewB.knowC.haveknownD.hadknown29.Itwouldactuallybemorecruelto________youngpeopleofthechancetoexperienceanotherlifestyle.A.depriveB.cheatC.suspectD.accuse30.JointdevelopmentplanofNanjing-Zhenjiang-Yangzhou________,residentsintheareawillenjoyahappierlife.A.wasreleasedB.beingreleasedC.releasedD.havingreleased31.Ihopethatthelittle________Ihavebeenabletodohasbeenofsomeuse.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.as32.________hisbrokenlegs,Tomwasforcedtoabandonthecomingprovincialsportsmeeting,whichmadehimverydepressed.A.IncaseofB.IntermsofC.OntopofD.On20\naccountof33.Incaseanyonepresentatthemeetingtonight________needanyhelp,here’smynumberforyoutocontactme.A.canB.shallC.shouldD.must34.________tothecurrenteducationsystemofChina,theMinistryofEducationshouldmakesomechangestomakeitmoreefficientforselectingtalents.A.MostofusaresoaccustomedB.SoaremostofusaccustomedC.AccustomedasmostofusareD.Asmostofusareaccustomed35.—Iheardthatsomepolicedidn’tallowsuspectsenoughsleeptogetso-calledcriminalevidenceinAmerica.—________?Thiscertainlygoesagainsttheruleoflaw.A.WhocaresB.WhybotherC.WhatforD.Howso第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。SomeyearsagoonahotsummerdayinsouthFlorida,alittleboydecidedtogoforaswimintheoldswimmingholebehindhishouse.Inahurrytodiveintothe36water,heranoutofthebackdoor,leaving37shoes,socks,andhisshirtashewent.Heflewintothewater,notrealizingthatasheswamtowardthemiddleofthelake,analligatorwasswimmingtowardthe38.Hismother—inthehousewaslookingoutofthewindow—sawthetwoastheygot39together.Inutterfear,sherantowardthewater,40hersonasloudlyasshecould.Hearinghervoice,thelittleboybecame41andmadeareturntoswimtohismother.Itwastoolate.Justashereachedher,thealligatorreachedhim.Fromthedock,themother42herlittleboybythearmsjustasthealligatorsnatchedhislegs.Thenbegananincredibletug-of-warbetweenthetwo.Thealligatorwasmuch43thanthemother,butthemotherwasmuchtoopassionateto44.Afarmerhappenedtodriveby,heardherscreams,racedfromhistruck,45andshotthealligator.46,afterweeksinthehospital,thelittleboysurvived.His47wereextremelyscarredbytheviciousattackoftheanimaland,onhisarms,weredeep48wherehismother'sfingernailsdugintohisfleshinherefforttohangontothesonsheloved.Thenewspaperreporterwhointerviewedtheboyafterwards,askedifhe49showhimhisscars.Theboydidso.Andthen,withobvious50,hesaidtothereporter,“Butlookatmyarms.Ihavegreat51here,too.Ihavethembecausemymomwouldn'tletgo.”YouandIcanidentifywiththatlittleboy.Wehavescars,too.No,notfroma(n)52,oranythingquitesodramatic,butthescarsofa(an)53past.Someofthosescarsareunsightlyandhavecausedusdeep54.20\nBut,somewounds,myfriend,arebecauseGodhas55toletgo.Inthemidstofyourstruggle,he'sbeenthereholdingontoyou.36.A.apparentB.cosyC.freezingD.moderate37.A.offB.outC.aloneD.behind38.A.shoreB.destinationC.borderD.harbor39.A.downB.startedC.closerD.connected40.A.cursingatB.yellingtoC.blamingonD.cheeringup41.A.frustratedB.alarmedC.stressedD.inspired42.A.pushedB.toreC.touchedD.grabbed43.A.strongerB.rougherC.cruelerD.swifter44.A.setoffB.getdownC.letgoD.driveaway45.A.tookplaceB.tookactionC.tookcareD.tookaim46.A.FluentlyB.DeliberatelyC.AmazinglyD.Absolutely47.A.legsB.cheeksC.toesD.hands48.A.injuriesB.damagesC.sufferingsD.scratches49.A.wouldB.shouldC.mustD.dared50.A.braveryB.strengthC.prideD.confidence51.A.desiresB.scarsC.curesD.muscles52.A.ancestorB.parentC.alligatorD.helper53.A.painfulB.rewardingC.depressedD.honorable54.A.thoughtB.impressionC.confusionD.regret55.A.failedB.refusedC.determinedD.intended第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFoodwastehasbeenachronic（习惯性的）problemforrestaurantsandgrocerystores—withmillionsoftonslostalongthewayascropsarehauled（拖）hundreds20\nofmiles,storedforweeksinrefrigeratorsandpreparedonbusyrestaurantassemblylines.Butthehistoricallyhighpriceofproductsismakingitanevenbiggerdragonthebottomline.Restaurants,colleges,hospitalsandotherinstitutionsarecompensatingfortherisingcostsofwasteinnovelways.Somearetrackingtheirtrashwithsoftwaresystems,makingfoodinsmallerpackagesortryingtocompost(将 ……制成堆肥)andcutdownontrash-haulingcosts.“Wehaveallcometoworkwiththisbigelephantinthemiddleofkitchen,andtheelephantisthis‘It’sokaytowaste’beliefsystem,”saidAndrewShackman,presidentofLeanPath,acompanythathelpsrestaurantscutbackfoodwaste.Theinterestincuttingfoodwaste“hasjustrocketedinthelastsixtoninemonths,”hesaid.Roughly30percentoffoodintheUnitedStatesgoestowaste,costingsome$48billionannually,accordingtoaStockholmInternationalWaterInstitutestudy.AUniversityofArizonastudyestimatedthat40to50percentoffoodintheUnitedStatesiswasted.Wholesalefoodcostshaverisenmorethan8percentthisyear,thebiggestjumpindecades,accordingtotheNationalRestaurantAssociation.FreshmanstudentsatVirginiaTechweresurprisedthisyearwhenthetwoofthecampus’biggestdininghallstofindtherewerenotrays.“Youhavetogobackandgetyourdishwareandyourdrink,butit’snotthatdifferent,”saidCaitlinMewborn,afreshman.“It’snotabigtrouble.Youtakelessfood,andyoudon’teatmorethanyoushould.”Gettingridoftrayshascutfoodwasteby38percentatthedininghalls,saidDennyCochrane,managerofVirginiaTech’ssustainabilityprogram.Beforetheprogrambegan,studentsoftengrabbedwhateverlookedgoodatthebuffet(自助餐),onlytofindatthetablethattheireyeswerebiggerthantheirstomachs,hesaid.56.Highpriceofproductsmakestheproblemoffoodwaste________.A.lesschallengingB.moreunbelievableC.lessnoticeableD.moreunsolvable57.WhatdoesCaitlinMewbornmostprobablythinkaboutthefactthatnotraysareprovidedinthecampus’dininghalls?A.Itdoesn’thelpcutfoodwastemuch.B.Itcausesmuchtroubleforstudents.C.Itisn’twell-receivedbythefreshmen.D.Itisefficientforcuttingfoodwaste.58.TheauthormentionsVirginiaTechasanexampletosupporttheideathat________.A.foodwastehasbeenalong-lastingchronicproblemB.novelwaysarebeingappliedtocuttingfoodwasteC.collegesaretrulythebiggestsourceoffoodwasteD.the“It’sokaytowaste”beliefsystemisinfluentialBTodisciplinemeanstoteach.Tobewelldisciplinedistohavelearnedtoliveinaccordancewiththesensiblerulesandregulationsthatsocietyhassetupforthebehaviorofitsmembers.Unlessthechildlearnsfromeachdisciplinarysituationhowbettertogovern20\nhisconduct,effectivedisciplinehasnotbeendeveloped.Parentsmustacceptforthemselvestheideathatsuccessfuldisciplineresultsinlearning.Whentheyapproachsituationsinwhichachildmustadaptthemselvestodemandsmadeuponthemaslearningsituations,manyproblemsusuallythoughtofinconnectionwithdisciplinedisappear.Unfortunately,theworddisciplinehascometohaveotherlessconstructivemeanings.Fartoooftendisciplineisthoughtofaspunishment.Tomanypeople,todisciplineachildmeanstospank（掌掴）himorusesomeothermethodofpunishment.Suchpeopleconsiderdisciplineawayofeitherkeepingachildfromdoingsomethingorofforcinghimtodosomething.Itisthetaskofparentstobuildwithinthemselvesandwithinthechildrenwithwhomtheylivethiscapacityforself-direction,baseduponanunderstandingofwhatisrequiredofindividualsinademocraticsociety.Thismeanslearningtoactinthosewaysknowntobenecessaryforthe“goodlife”,notforone’sselfalonebutalsoforothers.Developingthecapacityforself-disciplineinachildisalong,slowprocess.Muchpatienceisrequiredonthepartoftheparents.Duringthisdevelopment,itisimportantthatthechild’sself-confidenceandcomfortableacceptanceofhimselfshouldneverbesacrificedinadisciplinarybattle;insteaditshouldbeincreasedthroughthewaysinwhichhisparentsmeetdisciplinarysituations.Manyparentsshowagooddealofimpatienceifthelittlechilddoesnotrapidlylearnhowtokeepclean,eatwell,beorderly,anddowhatheistold.Theyaresoeagerforhimtoachievethesethingsthattheyseemtotrytopushhimrapidlythroughhisbabyperiod.Theyseemalsotothinkthatlearningtodothesethingsattheearliestpossibleagewillplacethechildonejumpaheadinthecompetitiveracefoesuccess.Butexpectingtoomuchtooearlyisacommonmistakeandresultsinmanybattles.59.Accordingtothepassage,thewell-disciplinedpeoplearethose________.A.behavingandconsideringwhattheirparentsrequireB.obeyingwhatisrequiredonsomespecialoccasionsC.obeyingthereasonablerulesandsocialregulationsD.havingself-directioncapacityinademocraticsociety60.Accordingtothepassage,discipliningachildmeans________formanyparents.A.developinghiscapacityforself-directionB.helpinghimunderstandsocialrequirementC.settingvariouslimitationstohisbehaviorD.punishinghimwithonemethodoranother61.Whatmaybetheauthor’sattitudetowardsparents’expectingtheirchildrentoachievetoomuchatthepossibleearliestage?A.IndifferentB.DisapprovingC.IronicD.ConcernedCAspin-offfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)20\ncalledEmpatica,hascreatedawearabledevicethatmonitorsepilepticseizures（癫痫发作）.AccordingtoStatista,thevalueoftheglobalmHealthmarketfor2022isforecastedtobeataround14.5billionU.S.dollars.Infact,247millionpeopleintheUShavedownloadedahealthcareappfortheirpersonaluse.Thenewproduct,Embrace,canbepairedwithacompanionwatchthatafamilymember,friendorcaregivercanwear.Whenthecompanionwatchisinrangeoftheuser’sEmbracewatch,itwillvibratetoalertthecompanionwatchoftheirmedicalsituationorstatus.Embraceistiedtogetherbytwoapps:aneventdetectorwhichsendsanalertwhentheuser’selectrodermalresponsereachesapresetleveltheycustomizebasedontheirhistoryandhealthprofile;andadiaryappwhichhelpsmonitorandmanageeverydayroutines.TheultrathinEmbraceistheresultofseveralyearsofresearchfromMITprofessorDr.RosalindW.Picard,founderanddirectoroftheAffectiveComputingResearchGroupatMITMediaLabandherteam.EmbraceevolvedfromadiscoverywithanearlydevicecallediCalmin2022whichallowedtheresearcherstoseetheoutbreakofstressevenbeforeitwasnoticedbythesubject.ThesensorsintheiCalmdevicemeasuredthe“fight-or-flightresponse”throughelectrodermalactivitywhichwasmeasuredfromtheskinsurface.Inasmalltestgroup,thedatafromtheiCalmshowedthatthewristbanddatawasrelatedtohowlongthebrainwavesweresuppressedafteranepilepticseizure.AccordingtoPicard,thedatashowedthebiggerthesignalonthewrist,thelongerthebrainwaveswentflataftertheseizurehadsupposedlyended.Theproblemwiththatdiscovery,accordingtotheresearchers,isthatsomeonewho’shadanepilepticseizureandthenappearstorecovershouldbemonitoredandnotleftalone.Overtime,Picardandherteamfine-tunediCalmtowhatisnowtheEmbracewatchwhichmonitorstheuser’sphysiologicalstresslevels.Embracemonitorselectrodermalactivity(EDA)andmovementwithanobjectiveofreducingSuddenUnexplainedDeathinEpilepsy(SUDEP),theleadingcauseofdeathofthosewithepilepsy.EmbracerecentlylaunchedanIndiegogocampaigntoraisefundsforfurtherproductdevelopment.ThecompanyalsohaspartneredwiththeEpilepsyFoundationandplanstogiveEmbracewatchestochildrenorfamilieswhocan’taffordthem.62.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Embracewillundoubtedlyhaveabrightmarketfuture.B.WithEmbrace,manyepilepticsufferershavegotcured.C.Embraceisunaffordableformostchildrenandfamilies.D.ThegovernmentfinanciallysupportsEmbraceadvances.63.Embraceworkswithdevicesconsistingof________.A.pairedcompanionwatchesB.aneventdetectorandadiaryapp20\nC.smartsensorsintheiCalmdeviceD.thesignalsshownonthewrist64.EmpaticadevelopediCalmbecauseit________.A.failedtodetectanepilepticpatientwhotendstobecuredB.wasweakinreportingtheaccuratedataofthestressoutbreakC.couldnotfigureoutthebrainwavesviasignalsonthewristD.lackedthefunctiontoexplainthesuddendeathinEpilepsy65.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.FromFine-tunediCalmtotheEmbraceWatchB.ACureofEpilepsybyPicardandherTeamC.ASmartWatchtoManageEpilepticSeizuresD.Embrace,aGreatScientificBreakthroughDTheactiveadvantagesofpassivehousingImagineahousethatkeepsitselfwarminthewintertime.Thinkofthesavingsintermsoffuelbillsandunfriendlyemissions.Suchhousesinfactexist.Called“passivehouses”,theconceptofthesehighlyenergy-efficientbuildingstookrootinaround1990,beforeslowlyconsolidatingasanicheconstructionconceptinroughly2000.Arepassivehousesnowactivelymovingintothemainstreamassustainablebuildings? ForBrianMcGarry,aneconomicslecturerwhobuiltafamilyhousebasedonpassivehousingcriteriainthePyreneesthisyear,theargumentslookcompelling.Ashisfirstfullwinterinthelowenergyhousedrewin,weaskedhimtokeepusposted.Dopassivehouseswork?IhadneverheardofapassivehouseinFebruary2022,whenIpurchasedaplotoflandinaPyreneesvillageat1,200maltitudeontheSpanish-Frenchborder,embarkingsomewhatreluctantlyonaself-buildhousingproject.IknewwhatIwanted:acomfortable,pleasingandeconomicallysensiblehouseinanattractivelocation.AndIknewwhatIdidn’twant:acostlyprojectmanagementnightmareforaninexperiencedbuilder.WhatIdidn’tknowisthatIwouldbepersuadedtobuildapre-constructed,custom-designedhousebasedonenergy-efficientpassivehousecriteria.SomeEuropeaneconomiesarealreadydemandinglevelsofenergyefficiencythatareclosetothosestandards,butthesimplicityandlogicoftheproposalprovedoverwhelming:itpromisedtobeeasierandquickertobuild,cheapertorun,andmorecomfortabletolivein.TheobjectivewasnottomeetstandardssuchasthoseofGermany'sPassivhausInstitut,buttoincludethefundamentalconceptsofpassiveenergymanagementinmyproject:anairtightandhighlyprotectedbuildingenvelope;largesouth-facingdoubleortriple-glazedwindows(ifpossible,filledwithargongas)thatpassivelycapturetheenergyofthesun;aheatrecoveryventilationsystemtoprovidefreshair;andasimple,low-costheatingsystemconsistingofamodernwood-burningstove,abathroomheaterandaportableradiatorbackupforwhenthesundoesn’tshineand20\ntemperaturesdrop.Nosignificantlimitationswereplacedonthedesign,theriskofabudgetoverrunforahighlyspecifiedfactory-builtstructurelookedlow,anditwasenvironmentallyfriendly.Moreover,thecostwasnomorethanaconventionalbuild.Certainly,argumentsagainsttheprojectcouldbemade,suchastheuncertainresalevalueofinnovativehousesinaconservativemarket,andtheriskofbeinganearlyadopteroftechnologiesthatarerelativelynewtoSpainandFrance.AGermanarchitectrecommendedayoungCatalancolleague,JosepBunyesc,todothejobforme.In2022BunyescdesignedthefirsthouseinSpainbasedonpassivehousecriteria,builtinconjunctionwithaninnovativeindustrialspecialistinwoodenstructures,FustesSebastia.IwasdeeplyimpressedbythehousesIvisited–thefunctionality,comfortandspaciousnessofthedesigns,coupledwiththeefficiency,qualityandcostoftheconstructionmethod.Ithenhammeredoutadesignwiththearchitect–thelongestpartoftheprocess.Therestwasdisconcertinglyfast:aUSBpendrivetransmittedthedesignorderstoanautomatedwoodcuttingandassemblingfactoryinSpain.Atotalof22insulatedwallandroofstructureswerecompletedinthreeweeksand,withmostwindowsalsofitted,theseweretransportedbytrucktotheplotlocationacrosstheFrenchborder.Thehousewasthenassembledonsitebylocalhouse-buildingspecialists,Ecobois.eu,whotookanotherweektocombinethestructure,despiteadverseweatherconditionsinFebruary2022.Whatarethemainperformanceresultssofar?Aftersixmonthsinuse,thehouseisprovingtobebothcheaptorunandremarkablycomfortable–stayingcoolinthehotsummerwaseffortless,aslongasthewindowswereshutteredorshadedfromthesun.Nowstayingwarminthecold,high-altitudeDecemberclimatealsoseemseasy,sofar.Thetemperatureremainseventhroughoutthebuilding–nohotorcoldrooms–andthedynamicsofthebuilding’spassiveheatmanagementmeanthatoncethesunshineswithreasonableregularity,thehousestayscomfortable,evenwhenempty.Arrivingonacoldnightafteranextendedabsencehassofarnotbeenaconcern.WinterarrivedinforceinthePyreneesinNovember,withabundantsnowfallsandtemperaturesaslowasminus8°Celsius.Thoughearlydays,thehousehasrespondedwell:thestoveislitduringcoldeveningsbuttheportableradiatorhasnotyetbeenneeded.Thistypeofconstructionseemsnotonlytomakeeconomicandenvironmentalsense,buttoenhanceourqualityoflife,too.66.TheauthorstatesinParagraph1thatpassivehousing________.A.callsforenergytokeepwarminwinterandcoolinsummerB.hadbeenpromotedforadecadebeforethebirthofitstheoryC.catchesonwithboththeself-buildersandthoseconstructorsD.referstoacertainhousecomfortable,costlyandalsopleasing67.Thehouses,regardingthepassiveenergymanagement,canNOTbecharacterizedby________.20\nA.usingsouth-facingwindowstotakeinsolarenergyB.providingenergyfortakingashowerwhenit’srainyC.supplyingfreshairwithaspecialheatrecoverysystemD.placingmuchmoredemandsandlimitsonthedesign68.Accordingtothepassage,passivehousingturnsoutpromisingbecauseitis________.A.reasonableinpracticeandeasytooperateB.relativelywarminwinterandcoolinsummerC.muchcheapertorunandcomfortabletoliveinD.quiteeconomicalandenvironmentallyfriendly69.Howdidtheauthorfindhisself-builthouse?A.Veryunaffordable.B.Energy-consuming.C.Comfortabletolive.D.Farfromeco-friendly.70.Whichofthefollowingisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedwords“hammeredout”?A.decidedonB.workedoutC.referredtoD.thoughtup第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只写一个单词。PeopleseekingrelaxationduringtheNationalDay(Oct1)holidaysmayfindthemselvesinadilemma.Whileanicetripduringtheone-weekbreakmayseemagoodchoice,itcouldalsoendupindisappointment,consideringtheoverwhelmingcrowdscrammingallthepopulartouristsitesaroundthecountry.Inrecentyears,newsheadlineshaveshownvisitorsjammingtouristattractionsliketheForbiddenCityandtheGreatWallinBeijingaswellastheWestLakeinHangzhou,Zhejiangprovince,evencapturingtheattentionofthosewhodidn'ttravel.Well,couldRobertFrost'spoemabouttakingtheroadlesstraveledgiveusalittleinspirationforchoosingyourdestinations?Insteadofrushingtowell-knownsitesonlytobecaughtinlonglinesandhugecrowds,youcanexploresomeless-traveledplacesthathavetheirownuniquecharmsandscenery.Fromvastgrasslands,picturesquerivercanyons,magnificentmountainstohistoricwatertownsorvillages,wehavecomeupwithalistofoptionaltraveldestinationsbasedontherecommendationoftravelersandourownexperiences.MountSanqingMountSanqingisafamedsacredTaoistmountain40kmnorthofYushancountryinJiangxiprovince.SanqinginChinesemeansthe“threePureOnes”asMountSanqingismadeupofthreepeaksrepresentingtheTaoisttrinity.ThelandscaperesemblesfamousMountHuangshan,whichislocatednotfaranywaybutismuchmorecrowded.Picturesquerockofformationsaseaofclouds,andmany20\nstreamsandwaterfallsareitsmainattractions.ItwasnamedaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2022.TheShunanBambooSeaTheBambooSeainYibin,SouthwestChina’sSichuanprovince,is600to1,000metersabovesealevelandisknownforitsbambooforestsandbeautifulviews.Itstretchesoveranareaof120sqkmwithmorethan500hillsdenselycoveredwithvariouskindsofbamboo.TheBagua(Eight-diagram)VillageLocatedinZhejiang’sLanxicity,it’saquaintvillagewhoselayoutresemblesthefamousEight-diagrampattern.LegendhasitthatitwasdesignedbyZhugeLiang,wholivedduringtheThreeKingdoms(AD220-280)andisregardedasthereincarnation（再生）ofwisepeoplebymanyChinese.ThevillagershaveclaimedtobedirectdescendentsofZhugeLiang.YaoliTownTheancienttownofYaoliinJiangxiprovinceisperhapslessknowncomparedtoJingdezhen,the“ceramicscapitalofChina”.However,it’saplacewitharichhistory,plentyoftraditionalbuildingsandbeautifullandscapes,andthelocalsstillliveharmoniouslywithnature.TheMalingRiverCanyonTheMalingRiverCanyoninXingyicity,inGuizhouprovinceisnotedforitskarstoutcrops,deeprifts,waterfallsandcurtainsofcalciumdeposits.Touristscanspendthebetterpartofadayfollowingawindingpaththroughthelushcanyon,crossingbridgesuptoandbehindcascadingwaterfalls.Thecanyonhasabout100waterfalls.ThePearFallscascadeovera100-meter-highcliff,withsprayrisinginalldirectionslikepearlsintheair.Milesofcalciumsedimentsarevisibleonthetwofacesofthecanyon.Theyvaryincolorandshape,creatingcolorfulandvividpictures.SaihanbaNationalForestParkSaihanbaNationalForestParkisinHebei’sWeichangManzuandMongolianautonomouscountry,about460kmmortheastofBeijing.TheparkusedtobepartoftheroyalhuntinggroundintheQingDynasty(1644-1911).The273-sq-kmpark,risingbetween1,100to1,940metersabovesealevel,featuresvastmeadows,aplateaulake,adiversityofanimalandplantsandsomehistoricalrelicsfromtheQingDynasty.WildDuckLakeYeyaLake,orWildDuckLake,inBeijing’sYanqingcounty,isoneofthemostfamousdestinationsforbirdwatchingnearthecity.Thelake,with2,000hectaresofwaterareaand3,300hectaresofwetlandandgrassland,hasbeendesignatedasareservemainlyformigratorybirds.Infact,it’salsoanidealplacetoenjoythebeautifulsceneryandcleanair.20\nPresentsituationsaboutpopulartravelingsitesSome73aboutdestinationstomakeSomescenicplaceslesstraveled●Toomanytouristsgetcrammedintothepopulartravelingsites,71forthecrowdedjams.●Someless-traveledscenicspots72touringfortheirattractivescenery.●MountSanqing:Itslandscapeis74tothatofMountHuangshan.●TheShunanBambooSea:It75anareaof120sqkmwithvariousbamboos.●TheBaguaVillage:Thevillageisconsideredastherebirthplaceofpeoplewith76.●YaoliTown:Peopleofthishistorictownlivewithnaturein77.●TheMalingRiverCanyon:Visitorscanfollowa78paththroughthecanyonwithwaterfalls.●SaihanbaNationalForestPark:Itonce79astheroyalhuntinggroundintheQingDynasty.●WildDuckLake:Thelakeisdesignedtobeareserveforbird80andbird-watching.第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）81.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Howmanytimeshaveyouheardtheexpressionthatmostpeoplespendmoretimeplanningtheirvacationthantheydoplanningtheirlives.Iwouldexpandthatexpressionbyaddingthatmostpeoplespendmoretime“thinking”abouttheirvacationthantheydothinkingaboutwhat'simportantintheirlife.Whilerestandrelaxationareamustinlivingabalancedlife,it’snotwhatwewerecreatedtodo.Afterall,theMasterCreatortookhisR&R(RestandRecreation)ontheseventhday,onlyaftersixdaysof“definitelydirectedthought.”WallaceD.Wattles,wrote“Thereisnolaborfromwhichmostpeopleshrinkas20\ntheydofromthatofsustainedandcontinuousthought;itisthehardestworkintheworld.”Andyetitisthefirstandprimarylaborofachievement.Whatisyourlife’spurposeoryourpersonalmissionstatement?Isitwrittendown?Doyoureviewitandthinkaboutitoften?Isyourlifeorganizedaroundyourpurposeandasetofgoalsthatsupportthatpurpose?Withoutpurposeandgoals—definitelydirectedthought—youareliketheproverbial“shipwithoutarudder（舵）.”Thereispowerinyourpurposeandinyourgoals.Itisthepowerthattakesyouoverobstacles,thefuelthatpushesyoutowardthelifeyouexpect.[写作内容]1．用约30个单词写出上文概要；2．用约120词发表你的观点，内容包括：（1）读完这篇文章后，你对目标的认识是什么？（2）你的近期（short-term）和远期（long-term）目标分别是什么？（3）为了实现你的目标，你现在打算怎么做？[写作要求]1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构故事；2.阐述观点或提供论据时，不得直接引用原文语句；3.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；4.不必写标题。[评分标准]内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。20\n扬州市2022-2022学年度第一学期高三期末质量检测英语参考答案1-5ACAAC6-10BACAB11-15BCCBB16-20CBAAC21-25AADBB26-30BBDAC31-35CDCCD36-40BDACB41-45BDACD46-50CADAC51-55BCADB56-58DDB59-61CDB62-65ABAC66-70BDACA71.making72.deserve73.options/choices/alternatives74.similar75.covers76.wisdom77.harmony78.winding79.acted/functioned/served80.migrationPossibleversion:Despitethefactthatconstructingyourfuturewithgoalsistough,itdoesmakeadifferenceduringtheprocessofyourlife,asitguaranteesyourrightdirectionofconstantachievements.Personally,itcanneverbetootruethatlifecannotshinewithoutgoals.Nomatterwhatyoudo,solongasyouaredeterminedtoachieve,goalsarenecessary.Everybodyhashisowngoalswithnoexceptionofme.Beingamanusefultosocietyismylong-termgoal.However,atpresent,toanidealuniversityisundoubtedlymydesire.Fewpeoplecansurvivewellunlessequippedwithabundantknowledge.Inanefforttorealizemydream,hardworkseemsthebestandonlychoice.NotonlywillImakemystudyplansindetail,butthemostimportantistoputmyplansintorealaction.OnlywithgreateffortscanIattainfurthereducationandeventuallystepintofuturewithgreatconfidence.阅读理解注解A56.选D。第一段的最后一句与第一句提到的chronicproblem比起来，该段最后一句的evenbiggerdrag表明食物价格的上涨使浪费食物的问题变得更加难以解决，而下一段提到的减少浪费的方法也证明了第一段说明的应该是减少食物浪费问题的难度，故选D。57.选D。第七段提到，CaitlinMewborn认为这种做法能让学生吃多少就拿多少，从而减少食物浪费，故选D。58.选B。本题考查主旨大意，第一段和第二段以因果逻辑关系点出文章主题：因为第一段食品浪费的问题很严重，因此第二段各种机构试图用心的方法去解决，故选B。B59.选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段…liveinaccordancewith…可以知道纪律性强的人是遵守规矩的，所以C项正确。60.选D。细节理解题。根据第三段的Tomanypeople,todisciplineachildmeanstospank（掌掴）himorusesomeothermethodofpunishment.可以知道：对很多家长而言，规范孩子就是惩罚孩子，所以选D项。20\n61.选B。推理判断题。本文作者提倡的规矩孩子的方法是教育，而父母常用的方法的惩罚，所以作者的态度是反对的，所以选B项。C62.选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中thevalueoftheglobalmHealthmarketfor2022isforecastedtobeataround14.5billionU.S.dollars……得知Embracewatch前景广阔。故A项正确。63.选B。细节理解题。根据文章第四段Embraceistiedtogetherbytwoapps:aneventdetector……;andadiaryapp……得知Embrace装置由两部分组成。故B项正确。64.选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段末尾句Theproblemwiththatdiscovery,accordingtotheresearchers,isthat......可得知，之前的iCalmdevice存在缺陷。所以选A项。65.选C。推理判断题。根据图示和第三段以及后来的讲述，整篇文章讲述的是Embracewatch。所以选C项。D66.选B。事实辨析题。由第一段第三句“theconceptofthesehighlyenergy-efficientbuildingstookrootinthe1990s,beforeslowlyconsolidatingasanicheconstructionconceptinthe2000s”可知，B为正确答案。A项与文章内容不吻合。第一段提到“ahousethatkeepsitselfwarminthewintertime”这样的房子在夏天如何，第一段并未说明。C项意为passivehousing非常受自建房者和建筑人员欢迎，这显然与文章不一致。由第一段最后一句提问可知，能否成为主流值得怀疑。由“Thinkofthesavingsintermsoffuelbillsandunfriendlyemissions”可知D错误，costly花费高的，而事实上这是节俭的、宜人的、环保的。67.选D。由第三段倒数第二句“Nosignificantlimitationswereplacedonthedesign”可知passivehousing对于设计并没有特别明显的限制。ABC均为其主要特征，由第四段第三句均可找到相关依据。68.选A。推理判断题。根据文章passivehousing很有前景，主要在于操作技术成熟、简便可行。由第四段第二句可知。69.选C。由倒数第二段第一句“Aftersixmonthsinuse,thehouseisprovingtobebothcheaptorunandremarkablycomfortable–stayingcoolinthehotsummerwaseffortless,”可知，自己的自建房是舒适、便宜、环保的，故选择C。A，B，D很明显与文章意思不一致。70.选Ａ。词义猜测题。由第六段第三句可知，“IwasdeeplyimpressedbythehousesIvisited–thefunctionality,comfortandspaciousnessofthedesigns,coupledwiththeefficiency,qualityandcostoftheconstructionmethod”我对于passivehousing设计，其功能、舒适、宽大以及建筑效率、质量、开销等印象深刻，然后和这位建筑师花了很长时间，共同协商敲定了一个设计方案。所以，这儿decideon最为合适。workout算出，制定出；referto参考，提到；thinkup想出。书面表达评分标准一、评分原则：1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。20\n2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.词数少于130和多于170的，从总分中减去2分。用笔：铅笔、红笔答题一律零分。4.评分时，应注意要点内容、词汇应用、语法结构的数量、准确性，并考虑使用一定数量的较复杂结构或较高级词汇。通篇文章句型单调、无关联词、文章欠流畅、时态错误降档处理。书面表达要点：内容要点无遗漏。按照评分标准评分。1）对上文的概况（6分）。2）对目标的认识（6分）。3）近期和远期目标（7分）。4）实现目标的打算（6分）。5.拼写与标点符号：是语言正确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。相同错误只扣分一次。6、大错：句子结构、时态、语态、句子缺谓语动词等为大错。小错：介词、冠词、单词拼写、大小写、标点符号等为小错。3个小错相当于1个大错。按照评分标准评分。7.如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。投机：开头一段和最后一段切题，中间部分从阅读理解中抄一段判零分二.各档次的给分范围和要求第五档（很好）：（21-25分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。★覆盖所有内容要点。★应用较多的语法结构和词汇。★语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。★有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。★完全达到了预期的写作目的第四档（好）：（16-20分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。★虽漏掉了一两个次重点,但覆盖所有主要内容。★应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。★语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因为尝试复杂语法结构或词汇所致。★应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。★达到了预期的写作目的。第三档：（一般）（10-15分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。★虽然漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有的主要内容。★应用的语法结构或词汇能满足任务的要求。★有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。★应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。★整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。第二档：（差）（5-10分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务★漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。★语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。★有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。20\n★较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。★信息未能清楚的传递给读者。第一档（很差）：（0-5分）未能完成了试题规定的任务。★明显遗漏主要内容要点，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未能理解试题要求。★语法结构简单、词汇项目有限。★较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。★缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。★信息未能传达给读者。听力材料【录音原文】Text1W:Goodmorning,Hank.ItiswonderfultobebackinEngland.M:I’msogladtoseeyouagain,andit’sovertenyearsnowsinceweleftuniversity.Text2M:Whenareyouleaving?W:Ihaveboughttheplaneticket.Theplanetakesoffat8:15tomorrow.M:Saygood-byethen.Text3W:Whyisitrainingcatsanddogsagain?Ihateit.M:Nobodylikesit.Ithasbeenlikethisforawholeweek.W:HowIwishIcouldgoswimminginthelakeagain!Text4W:Oh,excuseme.Icatchacold.Canyougivemesomethingforit?M:Sorry,Iamonlyadentist.Iknowlittleaboutyourillness,butIhavesomemedicineonmeforIhaveacoldtoo.W:Thankyouverymuch.Youaresokind.Text5M:ForsuchasmallroomIhavetopayyou300poundsamonth.Don’tyouthinkit’salittleexpensive?W:Well,butit’saniceroomwithmodernfurnitureandtherentincludeselectricity.M:Isee.Anyway,itcoststoomuch.Text6M:Joyce?W:Yeah,Dad!I’minmyroom.I’mpacking.M:Hi,honey.Ican’tbelieveyouaregoingtocollege!So,whatdoyouwanttostudy?W:Art.20\nM:Art?Comeon,Joyce.Beserious.Ithinkyoushouldstudybusinesssoyoucangetagoodjob.Youareaverysmart,organizedyoungwoman.It’sperfectforyou.W:But,Dad…There’salotIcandowithanartdegree.Thebusinessworldisverycompetitive.M:Idon’tknow,Joyce…W:Comeon,Dad.I’moldenoughtomakemyowndecision.Text7W:Doyouthinkthatclimatechangeisresponsiblefortherecentfloods?M:Itcouldbe.Therearefloodsinthiscountryeveryyear,butinrecentyearstheyhavebeenmorewidespreadandmorefrequent.W:Itseemsthattheclimateinthiscountryischanging.M:Thesummersarehotter.Thelastthreesummershavebeenthehottestforthepast200years.Therehavealsobeenstrongerwinds.W:Ithinkthatthechangingclimateisasignthatwe’recausingtoomuchdamagetotheenvironment.M:Ithinkyou’reright.Climatechangesnaturallyovertime,butIthinkthathumanactivitiesarespeedingupthechange.Iwishthatgovernmentswouldjointogetherandtrytoresolvetheproblem.W:Iagree.Ifwedon’tdosomethingsoon,itmightbetoolate.Text8W:SoPeter,whatkindofapartmentshouldweget?I’mreallylookingforwardtogettingaplaceofourown.M:Yeah,itwillbeagreatthing.Well,Iwanttofindusaniceplace,butoursalaryisn’tveryhighsowemightneedtofindsomeplaceabitlessexpensive.W:ThewayIfigureit,wecanbothputbetween200and250dollarsamonthintorent.Thatleavesenoughforfoodandotherexpenses,right?M:Thatsoundsgood.I’mafraidifwespendanythingelseonhousing,we’llbelikelivinginarattrap.W:Sowemusthaveahouseofonebedroom,alivingroomfortheTV,abathroomandalittlekitchen.Anythingelse?M:Also,Idon’twanttobetoofarawayfromdowntown.Thetrafficisjusttooheavytogettowork.Wouldn’titbegreatifwecouldwalktoworkeveryday?W:We’llseewhatwecanfind.Apartmentsclosertodowntownaremoreexpensive.M:Don’tworry.Wecertainlycanfindagoodone.Text9M:Goodevening,welcometostorage.MayIbeofservice?W:Yeah,Iwanttohavemybaggagedeposited.M:OK.Howmanypiecesofbaggagedoyouhaveinall?W:Heretheyare.That’sallofit.20\nM:One,two...six,sixpieces?W:Yes.Bytheway,thereisalaptopintheblacksuitcase.Pleasehandlewithcare!M:Laptop?Waitaminute,please.W:Isthereanythingwrong?M:Sorry,madam.I’mafraidthatdigitalproductsarenotallowedtobedeposited.W:ThenwhatcanIdowiththem?M:Couldyoutakethemwithyou?W:It’ssoheavyanditwillbeaburden.M:It’sthebestchoicetoprotectyourpersonalproperty.W:Thatsoundsreasonable.I’lltakeyouradvice!Thankyou.M:That’stheleastIcandoforyou.Well.Isthereanythingelsebreakableinyourbaggage?W:Adigitalcamera.M:It’sthesameasthelaptop.Anyotherquestions?W:What’sthepriceofit?M:It’s8yuanperhourforyourtwobigsuitcases,and5yuanperhourforthefoursmallones.W:Ihavesomeotherbaggagetocheck.WhereshouldIgo?M:Youcangototheofficeinthewaitingroom.It’sRoom213onthe2ndfloor.W:Thankyou.I’llgetmysuitcasesbeforeIleave.Text10TodayI’mgoingtotellyousomethingabouttablemannersindifferentcountries.Ithinkyoualreadyknowthatpeopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentwaysofdoingthings.Somethingthatisrudeinonecountrymaybequitepoliteinanother.Forexample,inBritainyoumustn’tliftyourbowltoyourmouthwhenyouarehavingsomeliquidfood.AndinJapanyouneedn’tworryaboutmakinganoisewhenyoudrink.Itshowsthatyouareenjoyingit.ButthatisconsideredbadmannersinBritain.InBritainwetrynottoputourhandsonthetableatallduringameal.InMexico,however,guestsareexpectedtokeeptheirhandsonthetablethroughoutameal.ButitisintheArabcountriesthatwereallymustbecarefulwithourhands.Yousee,inArabcountriesyoumustn’teatwithyourlefthand.Thisisconsideredtobeveryimpolite.So,whatshouldyoudoifyouvisitanothercountry?Well,youneedn’tworry.Youcanaskthenativepeopletheretohelpyouorjustwatchcarefullyandtrytodoastheydo,notasyoudoathome.20
