WorkbookUnit3SpeakingandListening,Whydocountrieshaveflags?Whatcanflagstellyouaboutacountry?Thinkofsomeexamples.WhatdoesChina’snationalflagtellus?Whatotherorganizationsdoyouknowthathaveflags?Whatdotheyusethemfor?1Discussthesequestionswithyourgroup.,Aflagusuallystandsasasymbolforthatcountry.Itcanremindpeopleofsomeimportantvaluesthenationholdsorsomethingofitshistoryorculture.Itisusedonofficialoccasionstoidentifythenationtotherestoftheworld.Whydocountrieshaveflags?,Theycantellpeopleaboutthenations,history,valuesorculture.Forexample,thestarsontheUSflagrepresentthestatesintheunion.ThecrossontheGreekflagsymbolizesChristianity.ThemapleleafontheCanadianflagisthenationalemblemofCanada.2.Whatcanflagstellyouaboutacountry?Thinkofsomeexamples.,TheredcolorintheChineseNationalflagstandsfortherevolution,whilethegoldcolorofthestarssignifiesthedawnofaneweraovertheland.ThefivestarsgroupedtogethersymbolizetheunityoftheChinesepeopleundertheleadershipoftheChinesecommunistparty.3.WhatdoesChina’snationalflagtellus?,3.Whatotherorganizationsdoyouknowthathaveflags?Whatdotheyusethemfor?RedCrossSociety,theOlympicGames,companies,etc.,2JuliaisgivingatalkaboutAustraliaflagsandwhattheytellpeopleaboutthehistoryandcultureofAustralia.ListenandwritedownthenumbersoftheflagsintheorderyouhearJuneaboutthem.,Whatelementsdoseveraloftheflagshaveincommon?InwhatwayscouldthesecommonelementsbeconnectedtoAustralia?WhichflagistheofficialflagofAustralia?Whatdoyouthinktheotherflagsare?,1________2________3________4________,Australianflag:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3ListentoJunetalkingaboutfourflagsagain.MakenotesaboutwhateachflagtellsyouaboutAustralia.Compareyouranswerswithothersintheclass.AustraliaoncegovernedbyBritain.Australiaisinthesouthernhemisphere.Australiamadeupofsixstatesandsometerritories.,Aboriginalflag:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aboriginalpeoplearedarkskinned;theyhaveconnectionwiththeland,thesundominatesthelandscapeandgiveslife.,Eurekaflag:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThereisgoldinAustralia;inthepasttherehavebeenrebellionsagainstthegovernment.Australiansseemtorespectrebellion.Goldminersworeblueshirts.,Kangarooflag:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ThekangarooisanemblemofAustralia;goldandgreenareAustralia’ssportingcolours,Australiansfightforhonourinsports(theboxinggloves.,ListeningtextJuneisgivingatalkaboutAustralianflagsandwhattheytellpeopleaboutthehistoryandcultureofAustralia.Goodafternoon,everyone.Myhobbyiscollectingflagsfromallovertheworld.Iloveflagsfortworeasons.Thefirstisthattheyarebeautifulandthesecondisthatyoucanlearnalotaboutthecultureandhistoryofacountrybystudyingitsflags.,TodayI’dliketoshowyousomeAustralianflagsanddiscusstheirsignificance.Now,thisisoneistheofficialAustralianflag.Itwaschosenin1901followingacompetitiontodesignaflagespeciallyforAustralia.BeforethatdateAustraliahadthesameflagasGreatBritain.TheBritishflagisnowinthetopleftquarteroftheAustralianflagtoremindpeopleofAustralia'shistoricaltieswithGreatBritain.,ThefivestarsrepresenttheSouthernCrosswhichisanimportantgroupoffivestarsintheSouthernhemisphere.NavigatorsusetheSouthernCrosstoshowthemthedirectionoftheSouthPole.TheotherbigstarundertheBritishflagrepresentsthesixstatesandthecombinedterritoriesofAustralia.ThisflaghasbeentheofficialAboriginalflagsince1995.,TheblackinthetophalfoftheflagsymbolizestheAboriginalpeoplethemselves,whiletheredatthebottomsymbolizestheearthandtheAboriginalpeople'sspiritualconnectiontotheearth.Theyellowcircleinthemiddlerepresentsthesun,thegiveroflife.Thisnextflagwasfirstflownin1854ataplacecalledEurekawhereagroupofgoldminersrebelledagainstthegovernment.,TheincidentisseenbymanyasthebeginningofthemovementtowardsdemocracyinAustralia.ThefivestarsrepresentstheSouthernCrossandthelightbluebackgroundisbelievedtorepresenttheblueshirtsthatmanyofthegoldminerswore.Althoughnotanofficialflag,itisrecognizedandlovedbymostAustralians.,ThisisanotherflagthatyouoftenseeinAustralia,especiallyatsportingevents.ThekangarooisrecognizedastheunofficialanimalemblemofAustraliaandgreenandgoldarethecolorswornbymanyAustraliansportingteamswhentheytraveloverseas.Theflagfirstbecamepopularin1983whenitwasflownonAustralia’sentrytotheAmerica’scup,---afamousyachtracewhichAustraliawonthatyear.SomepeoplefeelitstimetochangeAustralia'sofficialflagbecauseitisnolongerappropriatetohavetheBritishflaginthemostimportantpartoftheflag.Theotherflagsyouseehereweredesignedforacompetitionforanewflagbutsofarnonehavebeenaccepted.,4Ingroups,discussthefourdesignsforanewflag.WhatdoeseachofthenewflagstellyouaboutAustralia?Whichonedoyouthinkisthebest?Why?,Flag2issimilartothepresentflagexpectitdoesn’thavetheBritishflaginthecorner.SoitshowsthatAustraliaisindependentFlag3includesthecolourredasintheofficialflagbutshowsneithertheBritishflagofthestarsymbolizingthesixstates.Itdoesn’tshowverymuchexpectthatAustraliaisinthesouthernhemisphere.,Flag5includestheredofthelandasintheAboriginalflagandthestarthatpresentsthestatesofAustralia.Italsocontainsakangaroo.ThisflagconcentratesonsymbolsthatarespecificallyandrecognizablyAustralia.Flag8combinestheAboriginalflagandsoutherncrossfromtheofficialflag.ItisshowingthatAboriginalsareanimportantpartofAustralia.,5Ingroups,discusswhatsymbolsyouwouldputonaflagforyourschool,Thendesignasuitableflag.Showyourdesigntotherestoftheclassandexplainit.,1ThecomputersatSusan’sschoolareallconnectedtoeachotherandtheschoolhasanonlinenoticeboardwherestudentscanaskquestionsandgivetheiropinions.SusanpostedaquestionaboutthediscoveryofAustraliaontheonlineboard.Readthequestionsandwhatherfellowstudentsreplied.Readingtask,DiscoveryofAustralia40,000+yearsagoPeoplefromAsiasettledintheplacewenowcallAustralia.1421SomepeoplethinkaChinesefleetledbyZhengHemayhavevisitedAustralia,1644AbelTasmanmadeamaponwhichhecombinedallknowlandandguessedtherest.1770CaptainCooksaileduptheeastcoastofthecontinent1802MathewFlinderssailedaroundthecontinent,mappedinandcalleditAustralia.1606ADutchseacaptainfirstmappedthenorthcoast.,3Inyourgroup,discussthefollowingquestionsandtrytoexplainwhydifferentpeoplebelievethings.CaptainCookclaimedthelandforBritainandasAustraliawasoriginallysettledbypeopleformBritain,thisisthepartofthehistorythattheyweretaught.WhydoyouthinkschoolchildreninAustraliainthe1950sweretoldthatCaptainCookdiscoveredAustralia?,2.WhydoesMaryWhitethinkEuropeanexplorersdidn’tdiscovertheAustraliancontinentuntilthe17thcentury?Before1644,explorersdidn’tknowtheyhadfoundacontinent.Theyjustvisitedsmallpartsofit.,3.WhydoesNickchancethinkChineseexplorersreachedthecontinentsomuchearlier?HereadaboutChineseexplorersontheInternet.,4.PatrickHallsaysthattheancestorsoftheAboriginesdiscoveredAustraliaatleast40,000yearsago.Whydoyouthinktheotherchildrendidn’tgivethisanswer?TheymayhavethoughtthatAboriginesalwayslivedonthecontinentsotheydidn’tthinktheydiscoveredit.,5.Whichofthestudent'sanswersdoyouagreewithandwhy?Remember,thatyoufirstneedtodecidewhat“discovered”meansandwhat“Australia”mean.ManypossibleanswerswilldependonhowstudentsinterpretdiscoveredandAustralia.,HomeworkSinceyou’velearnedsomuchaboutAustraliainthisUnit,chooseseveralaspectsthatyouthinkareinterestingtowriteareport(e.g.itsanimals,plant,scenery,cities,beaches,people,leisureactives,historyorsomethingelse).,Thankyou.
