Unit3LanguageinuseModule1Englishforyouandme,It’salsothesubjectthatI’mbestat,althoughmyspokenEnglishisnotthatgood.IcanspeakEnglishwithyouwheneverwemeet.AsChinacontinuestogrow,manypeoplethinkthatChinesewillbecomeascommonasEnglishbythemiddleofthetwenty-firstcentury.Readthesesentencesandanalyzetheirstructure.,Grammar1状语从句TheAdverbialClause,什么是状语从句？用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。Igetupatsixwhenitisdark.IgetupatschoolwhereIstudy.,状语从句分类表示时间表示地点表示原因表示结果表示目的表示条件表示让步表示比较,1)状语从句分类及常用连词:状语从句分类常用连词时间状语从句when,whenever,while,as,before,after,since,till,once,assoonas,themoment,immediately,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime地点状语从句where,wherever,while/when辨析when/while+doingsth.When/Whilereading,hefellasleep.when+终止性、延续性动词while+延续性动词Whentheteachercamein,Iwassleeping.=While/WhenIwassleeping,theteachercamein.when(就在这时)Iwassleepingwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.,as当…时；一边…一边；随着……＊某事一发生，另一事立即发生＊两个动作同时发生Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.Asthecaptainpassedme,Iaskedhimwhethertherewasanyhopeofsavingtheship.,★as的常见用法：1.Shesangassheworked.一边……一边……2.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.像…..一样3.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.由于,before用作连词时，意思是“在……之前；还没来得及……就”。Beforeshecouldmove,sheheardagreatnoise.ShehadrushedoutoftheroombeforeIcouldsayaword.,在It+be+时间段+before...句型中，意思是“在……之后才……”。ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.在It+be+not+时间段+before...句型中，意思是“不多久……就……”。Itwon’tbelongbeforetheyunderstandeachother.,till,until和not…until1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2.用于否定句时,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,从句为肯定,意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如:Hewon’tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3．till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.,1. __________hecomesheretomorrow,Iwillcallyou.2. ____________hewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.3.Shesang_________sheworked.4.Therewasanapplause____________sheappearedonthestage.练一练WhenWhile/Whenasassoonas,5.Itwon’tbelong______hefinisheshiswriting.6.______hehadfinishedhiswork,heleftthere.7.Itistwoyears______hecamehere.8. _______shetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid.beforeAftersinceUntil,状语从句分类常用连词原因状语从句because,since,as,for,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat目的状语从句inorderthat,sothat,that,forfearthat,incase结果状语从句so…that,sothat,such…that,that,etc.(too…to…,enoughto…,so…asto),sothat,so…that,such…thatsothat“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的，无情态动词表结果。so…that“如此…以致于”表结果,该结构常见于：1.so+形／副＋that从句2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that从句3.so＋many/much＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that从句,sothat,so…that,such…thatsuch…that“如此…以致于”表结果，该结构常见于：1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that从句2.such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that从句,Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotowork.他这么小他不能上班。Theyarehurryingsothattheymaynotmissthetrain.他们为了赶上火车而匆匆忙忙。It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustn’tmissit.机会这样好，我们决不能失掉。,1.Itis_____goodastorythatI’llneverforgetit.2.Itis______agoodstorythatI’llneverforgetit.3.Theysetoutearly________theymightarrivethereintime.sosuch练一练sothat,条件状语从句if,unless,as(so)longas,incase,onconditionthat,suppose/supposing,providedthat…让步状语从句though,although,evenif,eventhough,however,whatever,as,though,although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用，但句后不能再用but。下列情况只能用though： ▲asthough(=asif);evenif(=eventhough)▲ 在句末表示“然而”as表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。though,although,as,,2）状语从句的时态需要考虑时态问题的状语从句一般是指时间和条件状语从句。主句如果是一般将来时或过去将来时，条件和时间状语从句一般用一般现在时或一般过去式。Ididn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.We’llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.,Completethesesentences.ManyConfuciusInstituteshavebeensetuparoundtheworld________moreandmorepeoplewanttolearnChinese.2.Frenchwasmorepopular_________Englishbecameimportantinthenineteenthcentury.3.Iwillmakegreatprogress________youhelpmelearnEnglish.afteralthoughbecausebeforeifsothatso…thatwhenwhilewhoseclassesareseveralofhisinterestingandcreative1,4.TonyfindswritingChinesereallydifficult,________hecanunderstandandspeakChineseprettywell.5.Englishspreadmorequicklyallovertheworld_______televisionwasinvented.6.IadviseyoutogotoanEnglishcorner_____youcanimproveyourlisteningandspeaking.which/thatshewhowouldcandanceto,7.Englishhasbecome________importantininternationalcommunication________schoolsinChinaandmanyothercountriesteachthelanguage.8.InordertoimprovehisEnglish,myuncletookeverychancetotalktopeopleinAustralia_________hewasworkingthere.9.IstartedlearningEnglish_________Iwassevenyearsold,rightonmybirthday.that/whichismadeofsilkwho/thattalksmuchbutneverdoesanythingmuchbutneverdoesanything,【2010成都中考】Iwon’tbeabletounderstandwhatyousay,_______youspeaktooquickly.A.ifB.thoughC.because【2010湖北•荆州】24.—Whydidn’tBettycometoschoolyesterday?—_________shewasill.A.ButB.ThoughC.IfD.BecauseCD,【2010甘肃.定西】Shehadastomachache_______sheatesomethingbad.A.soB.becauseC.orD.although【2011福建莆田】—WhydoyoulikethisTVprogram?—_________it’sveryinterestingandexciting.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.SoBB,【2012湖北荆州】—WhenshallweleaveforChina?—Wewon’twehavevisitedalltheplacesofinteresthere.A.untilB.whileC.asD.since【2012江苏淮安】______thegreatteacherZhangLiliwasinhospital,manypeoplehopedshewouldgetbettersoon.A.IfB.UntilC.BeforeD.AfterAD,【2012湖北十堰】________heisonly12,heoftengoestotheoldpeople’shometoperformplaysfortheoldpeopleasavolunteer.A.IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.Because【2012江西】______thegirlisonlynine,shetakescareofherbrotherandcooksmealseveryday.A.IfB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.AsCC,【2012山东泰安】Tigerswait_______itisdark,thengoouttofindtheirfood.A.sinceB.untilC.asD.Because【2012浙江宁波】—Whydidn'tyoutryyourbesttogetonthesubway?—Itriedto,butitstartedmoving_______Icouldgetonit.A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.ifBA,【2012绵阳市】________IwasintheUS,ImadealotofAmericanfriends.A.WhileB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.Until【2012江苏宿迁】Eddiewassleeping_____Milliewasreadingamagazine.A.untilB.whileC.beforeD.afterAB,【2012广西玉林】______heexerciseseveryday,______heisveryhealthy.A.Because;soB.Because;throughC.Because;/D.Though;/A【2013湖北宜昌】—______isthestreetcrowdedwithsomanypeople?—Becausetheyarewaitingtowatchtheboatraces.A.WhyB.WhereC.HowD.WhoA,【2013浙江湖州】20.—Howdoyoulikethesportplay?—Funny,_______themusicofitisnotsogood.A.soB.thoughC.orD.because【2013湖北恩施】_______ourteacherisill,_______hestillcomestoourclasstoteachus.A.though;butB.Though;/C.Although;butBB,【2013湖南长沙】—It’stoolate.Ihavetogonow.—Oh,it’srainingoutside.Don’tleave_______itstops.A．sinceB．untilC．While【2013浙江丽水】—Hey,man.Youcan’tcrossthestreetnow.Youhavetowait______thetrafficturngreen.—Oh,sorryandthankyou.A.whenB.afterC.untilD.whileBC,【2013年黑龙江大庆】Heputstheflowersintheshade________thesunwillnotburnthem.A.inordertoB.sothatC.soastoD.suchthat【2013年贵州贵阳】Teresais________nervous________shecan'ttalkinfrontoftheclass.A.such;thatB.too;toC.so;thatBC,【2013山东菏泽】________thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.A.WhenB.IfC.WhileD.Once【2013浙江杭州】Sallytookaphotoofherfriendswhilethey_______computergames.A.playB.areplayingC.haveplayedD.wereplayingCD,【2013江苏徐州】Millie________apicturewhenMrGreencamein.A.drawB.willdrawC.drewD.wasdrawing【2013陕西】Whenyou________atarestaurant,pleaseorderjustenoughfood.A.ateB.willeatC.eatD.haveneatenDC,【2013河北】Henrywillgiveusareportassoonashe_____.A.arrivesB.arrivedC.isarrivingD.willarrive【2013湖南长沙】WhenJim’smothercamein,he_____hishomework.A.isdoingB.hasdoneC.wasdoingAC,IhopeIcancontinuetomakeprogressnextyear.TheBritish,theIndiansandtheChineseallhelp(to)makeitarichlanguage.Readthesesentencesandpayattentiontothecoloredwords.Review,Grammar2动词不定式Infinitive,当我们要表示“想做某事、需要做某事或决定做某事”时，就会出现两个动词连用的情况，这时应如何表达呢？同学们自然会想到wanttodosth.,needtodosth.和decidetodosth.等表达方式。,主要行为动词后面的动词都采用了“to+动词原形”的结构，我们把这种结构称为动词不定式（有时可以不带to）。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。下面我们一起来看一下动词不定式有哪些语法功能。1.什么是动词不定式？,1).不定式作主语不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部。Itisgoodtohelpothers.帮助他人是件好事。ItisexcitingtosurftheInternet.上网是件令人兴奋的事。2.动词不定式的语法功能,2).不定式作宾语学习不定式作宾语时,要注意掌握后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有:want,hope,wish,like,begin,try,need,forget,agree,help等。Manypeopledecidenottothinkaboutit.许多人决定不去想这件事。Iwanttogotothelibrary.我想去图书馆。,1、有些动词后面既可接不定式、又可接动名词，其意义基本相同、区别不大。如：like,love,hate,prefer,begin,start。2、有些词后面既可以接不定式、也可接动名词，但意义有很大区别，须特别注意：stoptodo停下来做另一件事stopdoing停止做……trytodo努力、试图做……trydoing试着做……forgettodosth.忘记要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记已经做了某事remembertodosth.记住要做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事,3).不定式作定语不定式修饰名词或代词，起形容词的作用，在句中作定语，放在被修饰对象的后面，请看下列句子：Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.我有很多作业要做。I’mhungry.Givemesomethingtoeat,please.我饿了,请给我点吃的吧。,4).不定式作状语不定式常常作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。不定式作状语时，要注意不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。IcametoBeijingtoseemygrandpa.我来北京看望我爷爷。I’mgladtomeetyou！很高兴见到你！I’mtootiredtowalk.我太累了，走不动了。,5).不定式作补语Shetoldmetobuyaticket.她让我去买张票。6).不定式作表语Ourdutytodayistocleanthefloor.今天我们的任务是扫地。,Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.Manypeoplewant________(study)Englishsotheycangetagoodjob.2.Iaskedmyteacher________(give)mesomeextraEnglishhomework.3.Youneed_________(practise)speakingeverydayifyouwanttoimproveyourspokenEnglish.4.Jennylearnt_________(speak)EnglishwellwhileshewasinCanada.5.Englishiseasy________(learn)ifyoupractiseandreviseeveryday.tostudytogive(to)practisetospeaktolearn2,Workinpairs.Readtheremarksandanswerthequestions.Whohasdoneverywellatschool?WhatdoesNedneedtodoinordertogetbetterathandwriting?WhatdoesTobyenjoy?Doeshelikeschoolworkasmuchasthis,orlessthanthis?Meghasdoneverywellatschool.Heneedstopractiseforafewminuteseveryday.Tobyenjoyssport.Helikesschoolworklessthansport.3,Completetheconversationwiththecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.Answers:requires2.(to)practise3.improve4.toachieve5.written6.(to)spread7.spoken4,Choosethebestanswer.1.--Thelightintheofficeisstillon.--Oh,Iforgot______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.havingturneditoffD.toturnitoff2.Shecan’thelp______thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned,3.Noteverybodyhastheability_____inpublic.A.ofspeakB.speakingC.spokenD.tospeak4.Maryisalwaysthefirststudent_____toanswertheteacher’squestionsinclass.A.risingB.toriseC.roseD.risen,5.--Mum,whydoyoualwaysaskmetoeataneggeveryday?--______enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.Tobegetting6.--Wouldyoubesokind_____usout?--Withpleasure.A.helpingB.inhelpingC.helpD.astohelp,7.Wetumbrellasarenotallowed_____intothishotelaccordingtotherule.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.takenD.taking8.Robertissaid_____abroad,butIdidn’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying,9.InAustraliahemadealotoffriends_____averypracticalknowledgeofEnglish.A.getB.gettingC.togetD.gotThepatientwaswarned_____oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating,【2013广东广州】17.Ialwaystellmystudents______ontheroadbecauseit’sreallydangerous.A.nottoplayB.toplaynotC.notplayingD.notplay【解析】考查非谓语动词。不定式做tell的宾语补足语，构成tellsb.todosth.结构，对不定式进行否定在to前加not。即tellsb.nottodosth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”。,【2013广东】41.—Ididn’thearyoucomeinjustnow.—That’sgood.Wetried_______anynoise,foryouweresleeping.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.making【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。trytodosth.意为“努力/尽力做某事”，否定式为trynottodosth.，句意指尽量不去制造任何噪音。所以选择答案B。,【2013山东济南】52.Itwastimeforclass.Mr.Kingaskedallthechildren_______downquietly.A.sitB.satC.tositD.sitting【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。句中动词为ask，后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，即asksb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”。所以答案选C。,【2013浙江杭州】24.She’snotstrongenough________walkingupmountains.A.togoB.goingC.goD.went【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。不定式togo做结果状语，由句意“她的年龄还没足够达到去爬山的地步”。be…enoughtodosth.是固定句型，足够……去做某事。
