2022年高考英语一轮复习：阅读理解+七选五+完形填空+语法填空+书面表达专项突破练习题汇编阅读理解专项突破练习题汇编阅读理解(一) 细节理解类A(2021·福建省厦门市高三毕业班第三次质量检测)WhenyouthinkofChinesefoodintheU.S.,friedrice,orGeneralTso’schickenmayfirstcometomind.ButanewmuseumexhibitioninNewYorkCityistryingtoexpandvisitors’palates(味蕾)．ItfeaturesstoriesoffamouscookslikeMartinYanandhomecookswhosefoodrepresents18differentregionalcookingstylesofChina.“Ithinkit’sunfairtojustclassifyChinesecookingasone，”saysKianLamKho,aco-curator(策展人)of“Sour,Sweet,Bitter,Spicy：StoriesofChineseFoodandIdentityinAmerica”attheMuseumofChineseinAmerica.“Evenwiththesamedishorsamecuisine,everyfamilyhasadifferentvariation.”That’swhythecuratorssayifyouwanttotastethefullrangeofChinesecuisineintheU．S,you’llneedtogobeyondrestaurantsandintohomekitchens,whichcanplayacentralroleinmanyimmigrants’lives.“Thekitchenitselfiskindofacomfortwhenyoucometoanewcountry.That’stheoneplacewhereyousetupasyourhomebase,andyoucookthingsthatyourememberfromyourpast，”explainsco-curatorAudraAng.OneofthehomecooksshowcasedintheexhibitionisNiBiying,80,ofManhattan.Sheworkedasalive-inbabysitterforyearsbeforeshecouldfinallyaffordtorentahomewithherownkitchen.Thesedays,youcanusuallyfindhermovingaroundherone-bedroomapartmentasasweetsmellofvinegarandricewinefloatsfromherstove.ForNi,asmalldinnerforfriendsandfamilymeanspreparingalmostadozendifferentdishes.Shelearnedsomeofhertechniquesfromherfather,whomademostofherfamily’smealswhenshewasachild.“Istillmakethebeefwithstir-friedcelerymyfatherusedtocook，”shesays.Andit’sthekindofcomfortfoodthatdefinesChinesefoodforNi.1．Whatisthenewmuseumexhibitionmainlyabout?A．StoriesofChinesefoodandcooks.B．Explorationoffamousrestaurants.C．HistoryofChineseimmigration.D．Cuisineofdifferentcountries.2．Whydoesthekitchenplayakeyroleinmanyimmigrants’lives?A．Itprovidesawealthylife.第24页共177页
B．Ithelpsthemtoacceptnewcultures.C．Itbringsasenseofbelonging.D．Itenablesthemtoforgetthepast.3．WhatcanwelearnaboutNiBiyingfromParagraph4?A．SheworkedinaChineserestaurant.B．Shemademostmealsasachild.C．Shelearnedcookingfromherfather.D．Sheliveswithabigfamily.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ChineseRestaurantTellsImmigrantTalesB．HomeCookingBringsMoretotheTableC．ImmigrantsSeektheirFortuneintheU．S.D．CuisineGainsNewVariationsB(2021·江西赣州市高三一模)UltimateEarsHYPERBOOMSpeaker($399.99)Withitslongbatterylife,andincrediblesoundquality,thisiscurrentlymyfavoriteBluetoothspeaker.TheHYPERBOOMalsoboastsa24-hourbatterylife.Iusethisspeakerinplaceofahomestereo(立体声音响)formusic.It’sloudenoughtofillalargeroomandmobileenoughtotakefromroomtoroom.Theappallowsyoutoswitchsources,adjustthevolume(音量),andevenpowerthespeakeronoroffwithouthavingtogetup!UrbanistaBrisbaneWirelessSpeaker($99)IlovethewaythisportableBluetoothspeakerlooksinourkitchen.Thesoundqualityisincredible.OnefunctionallowsyoutopairtwoUrbanistasinstereo,doublingthevolumecapabilityanddeliveringasurroundsound.Unfortunately,youhavetorepairthespeakerstogethereachtimeyouusetheminstereo.Thisisasmart,stylishBluetoothspeakerthat’lllookandsoundgreatonyourshelf.AudioProAddonCIOSpeaker($349)Withitseasysetupandincrediblesoundquality,thisisoneofthebestWi-Fi-enabledspeakersonthemarket.Ithasnearlyeverypossibleconnectionport,allowingyoutobroadcasttootherWi-Fienabledspeakersinyourhouse.NaimMu-so2WirelessSpeaker($1,690)ThisbeautifulWi-Ficonnectedsoundsystemisperfectformusic.Thestylishdesignwillfitneatlyinanylivingroomandfillthespacewithimpressivelyloudsound.Oneuniquefeatureisthatyoucansetyourfavoriteinternetradiostationandturnitonwithasinglebutton.5．WhatcanwelearnabouttheHYPERBOOM?A．Itresistsoilandwater.B．Itcanbecontrolledbyanapp.C．Itneedschargingfrequently.第24页共177页
D．It’snotsuitableforalargeroom.6．WhatislessthansatisfactoryaboutUrbanistaspeaker?A．It’simmovable. B．Itbreakseasily.C．It’snoteasytouse. D．It’snotloudenough.7．Whichisawisechoiceifyouoftenlistentointernetradio?A．UltimateEarsHYPERBOOMSpeaker.B．UrbanistaBrisbaneWirelessSpeaker.C．AudioProAddonCIOSpeaker.D．NaimMu-so2WirelessSpeaker.C(2021·江苏省海安高级中学高三下期新高考模拟二)Mobilitychallenges？HelpisathandExperiencingdiminished(减弱的)mobilitycanbeextremelydifficult.Whenpeopletalkaboutit,alotofthefocusisonthephysicalconsequences,butcopingwithitsemotionalimpact-thelossoffreedom,theknocktoyourconfidenceandthefeelingsoffrustrationarejustassignificantasthephysical.MobilityscootersTherearevariousresourcesandmobilityaidsouttherethatcanhelp-wheelchair,mobilityscooterorwalkingaid,etc.Ifyoustruggletowalk,butneedtotravellongdistances,amobilityscootermightbeabetterchoice.OnethatyoushouldconsideristheeFOLDiLitescooter,theWorld’slightestfoldingmobilityscooterfromSunTech.MakingtraveleasierItcanbetransportedeasilyinacaroronaplanesoyounolongerhavetofacetravelrestrictionsandyoucanenjoyyourfreedommuchmoreasitisextremelyportable,easytouseandsuperlightweight—atonly15kg—it’stheperfecttravelandmobilitycompanion.Userscanunfoldthescooterinsecondsandit’spackedfullofbeneficialfeaturesthatwillimproveyourdaytodayjourneysandmaketravellingmoreaccessibleforyou.Pre-orderSupportersofthecampaigncanpre-orderaneFOLDiLiteonKickstarterforasuperearlybirdpriceof￡1,200whichis50%ofthefutureretailprice,plusa￡80shippingcost.Thecampaignendson11thFebruary2021．FormoreinformationabouteFOLDiLite,visithttp：//reservefold.com/？scooter＝exclusive.8．Whyarethepsychologicaleffectsofdiminishedmobilitymentionedatthebeginning?A．Tointroducethetopicofdiminishedmobility.B．ToprovidemoreknowledgeabouteFOLDiLite.C．Todrawpeople’sattentiontopsychologicalhealth.D．ToattractmorepotentialcustomersofeFOLDiLite.9．WhichofthefollowingistheadvantageofeFOLDiLite?第24页共177页
A．Itcanbeunfoldedwithcertainhelp.B．Itcanridyouoftravelrestrictions.C．Itcanbechargedquicklyandeasily.D．Itismoresuitableforalongjourney.10．HowmuchwillyoupayatleastwhenorderingtheproductontheInternet?A．￡1,280． B．￡600．C．￡2,480． D．￡1,240．阅读理解(二) 推理判断类A(2021·福建省厦门市高三毕业班第三次质量检测)Lifecontinuallyrequiresthatwewritedownafewwordsofthanks：forholidays,meals,presentsorpeople’splaceinourhearts.However,toooften,ourmessagesendupflatorsomewhatunconvincing.Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.Tosomeextent,whatdistinguishesgreatfromcommonartisthelevelofdetailwithwhichtheworldhasbeenstudied.Atalentedartistis,firstandforemost,someonewhotakesusintothespecificsofthereasonswhyanexperienceoraplacefeltvaluable.Theydon’tmerelytellusthatspringis“nice”，theyzero_in_ontheparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness：leavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn’shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds....Someofthereasonwhygreatartistsarerareisthatourmindsarenotwellsetuptounderstandwhywefeelaswedo.Butwecanbeconfidentifourmindshavebeenaffected,thereasonswhythey’vebeensowillbesomewhere,waitingtobeuncovered.Westandtorealisethatitwasn’tsomuchthatthefoodwas“delicious”；butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn’tjust“nice”；theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetobearinaskinguswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.Wedon’thavetobegreatartiststosendeffectivethank-younotes.Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.1．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A．Weseldomexpressgratitudebywriting.B．Weusuallyfindmessagesofthankstouching.C．Weshouldtakeacourseformessagewriting.D．Wemaydrawinspirationforthank-yousfromarts.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“zeroinon”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Leaveout. B．Clearup.C．Focuson. D．Holdback.3．HowisParagraph3developed?第24页共177页
A．Byclassification. B．Byexample.C．Bydefinition. D．Byprocess.4．Whichwouldtheauthorrecommendtoexpressgratitude?A．Iamblessedtohavesuchawonderfulweek.B．Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.C．Thankyousomuchforyourgreatpresent.D．ThisisthemostdeliciousdinnerI’veeverhad.B(2021·宁夏石嘴山市高考二模)AWildChild’sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalsFromNewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorMillieMarottacomesthisgorgeouscelebrationoftheanimalkingdom.Highlighting43endangeredspecies,thebooktakesreadersonatriparoundtheworldwhilelearningaboutrareandwell-knownanimalsandtheirhabitats.MarcovaldoMarcovaldoisacollectionof20shortstorieswrittenbyItaloCalvino.DescribingthelifeofapoorruralmanlivinginnorthernItaly,thestoriesunfoldaccordingtotheseasonalcycleofayear.Commonthemesinthestoriesincludepollution,failureandpoverty.TheArtofMondoOvertheyears,Mondohasreceivedglobalrecognitionforitsincredibleartpostersthatbringtolifeclassicfilms,televisionshows,andcomicssuchasJurassicPark.Forthefirsttime,TheArtofMondobringstogetherthishighlysought-afterartinonevolumethatshowcasestheincrediblecreativityofthestudio’sartistswhosevastlydifferentstylesareunitedbyoneguidingprinciple：limitlesspassionfortheirsubjectmatters.TheComingoftheThirdReichThereisnostoryin20th-centuryhistorymoreimportanttounderstandthanHitler’srisetopowerandthecollapse(坍塌)ofcivilizationinNaziGermany.TheComingoftheThirdReich,byRichardEvans,offersamasterfulcombinationofacademicwork,importantnewresearchandinterpretations.PatriarchyandCapitalismChizukoUeno,aleadingJapanesesociologist,feministcriticandpublicintellectual,hasbeenapioneerinwomen’sstudiesandtheauthorofmanybooks,includingPatriarchyandCapitalism.5．Whichbookwillyouchooseifyouareinterestedinart?A．Marcovaldo. B．TheArtofMondo.C．TheComingoftheThirdReich D．PatriarchyandCapitalism.6．Whocaresaboutwomen’srightsandinterests?A．MillieMarotta. B．ItaloCalvino.第24页共177页
C．RichardEvans. D．ChizukoUeno.7．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tointroduceartforms.B．Torememberfivewriters.C．Torecommendqualitybooks.D．Tocomparedifferentcultures.C(2021·江西九校高三一模)Inthismostunusualyear,thegiftofgivingwillfeelespeciallygood.Thesetipscanhelpmaketheseasonmerryandbrightforeveryone.What’sDifferentThisYearHotTicketItemsMayBeExtraHot：Somecompanieshavescaledbacktheirholidayorderingthisyeartotriminventory,sopopularproductsmightselloutfast—instoresandonline.Soifyouseeagoodpriceforanitemonyourlist,besuretograbit.AndplantoshipgiftsatleasttwoweeksbeforeChristmasEve.OnlineSalesWillStartEarlyThisyear,itmaybemorelikeCyberSeason,withonlinepromotionsandsalesstartingrightafterHalloween.Withconcernsaboutcrowds,retailerswilllikelysavealotoftheirinventoryforonlinesales.Toavoidparkinglotchaos,trytopickupyourpurchasesfirstthinginthemorningorlaterintheevening,whenwaittimesshouldbeshorter.OutletsAreOnlineTooIfoneofyourholidayshoppingtraditionsisatriptotheoutlets,youcanstillexperiencethethrillofthebargainhunt—fromhome.Shoppremiumoutlets.comisthevirtualversionofthecountry’slargestoutletcompany.Insomeways,it’sevenbetterthananin-persontripbecauseyoucanshopbyitemorcategoryandimmediatelyseewhatdifferentretailershaveinstock,ratherthangoingstoretostore.WhentoShopNotonThanksgiving：Manystoresthatopenedtheirdoorsontheholidaylastyearhaveannouncedthattheywillbeclosedthisyear.Oneupsideforshoppersisrock-bottompricesassomestoresliquidate(清仓)．Thedownsides：Theymightnotbearoundifyouneedtoreturnsomethingoruseagiftcard.Inotherwords：Bankruptcybuyersbeware.8．Whichisthebesttimetosendgifts?A．October30． B．December9．C．December15． D．December24．9．Whatcanwelearnaboutholidayshoppingthisyear?A．Shopperscanonlybuyitemsonline.B．ShoppingonThanksgivingisthebestchoice.C．Popularproductsmightselloutfastonlyinstores.D．ShoppersmayseeagoodpriceforanitemrightafterHalloween.第24页共177页
10．Whowillbemostinterestedinthispassage?A．Peoplewhoaremoney-less.B．Peoplewholikeshoppingathome.C．Peoplewhoareretailers.D．Peoplewhoarefondofbargains.阅读理解(三) 词句猜测类A(2021·四川省南充市高三下学期第三次适应性考试)Facialrecognitiontechnologyisalreadywidelyusedbygovernmentsandsomeadvertisingcompanies.Thetechnologyusesmachinelearningtoolstosearchforfacesinanattempttoidentifypeople.Inarecentstudyscientistsannouncedtheyhaddevelopedmachinelearningtoolstotrackthefacesofindividualwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)．DanSchofieldsaidthatthesystemwasdevelopedtoimprovethequalityofinformationcollectedaboutchimpanzeesinthewildoveralongperiodoftime.“Forspecieslikechimpanzees,whichhavecomplexsociallivesandliveformanyyears,gettingsnapshotsoftheirbehaviorfromshort-termfieldresearchcanonlytellussomuch，”Schofieldsaid.Theresearcherswantedtogetamorecompleteunderstandingofthelivesofthechimpanzeesbystudyingthemoverseveralgenerations.Butdoingthiswouldhaverequiredsearchingthroughhundredsofhoursofvideorecordingsofchimpanzeesinthewild.TheresearchersrecordedtheactivitiesofagroupofchimpanzeesthatlivedintheWestAfricannationofGuinea.Afacialrecognitioncomputermodelwastrainedusingmorethan10millionimagesoftheanimals.Themodelwasthenusedtosearch,recognizeandtrackindividualchimpanzees.Thesystemwasabletoidentifyindividualchimpanzeescorrectlyabout92percentofthetime.Itsuccessfullyidentifiedtheanimals’sex96percentofthetime.Thestudyincludedanexperimentwithhumanstoseehowtheycouldperformagainstthemachinelearningsysteminmakingidentifications.Thehumanpersonswereabletocorrectlyidentifyindividualchimpanzeesabout42percentofthetime.Themachinelearningtoolwasmuchfasteratcompletingtheexperiment.Humanexpertstookabout55minutes,whilethecomputertookonlyseconds.Theresearcherssaytheyarepermittingotherscientiststousethesystemforsimilarprojects.Theyhopethemethodwillbeusedwithotherspeciestorecordanimalbehaviorandmonitordifferentanimalpopulationsintheenvironment.1．WhatcanweinferfromSchofield’swords?A．Researchingchimpanzeesneedsmoreinformation.B．Chimpanzeescanliveaslongashumans.C．Chimpanzeesliketogetsnapshotstoo.D．Short-termfieldresearchprovidesmoreinformation.第24页共177页
2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”referto?A．Recordingthechimpanzeesinthewild.B．Studyingchimpanzeesoverseveralyears.C．Understandingthelivesofthechimpanzeescompletely.D．Gettingsnapshotsofchimpanzees’behavior.3．Whatdidtheexperimentwithhumansproveinthestudy?A．Humansmakemoreaccurateidentifications.B．Themachinelearningsystemismoreeffective.C．Humanscan’tidentifytheanimals’sexcorrectly.D．Machinelearningtoolstakealittlemoretimeinidentification.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．FacialrecognitionforanimalsisbecomingpopularB．FacialrecognitionishelpinganimalsliveinthewildC．FacialrecognitionplaysaroleinraisinganimalsD．FacialrecognitionisusedtoidentifyandfollowanimalsB(2021·贵州省贵阳市高三下学期适应性考试(二))Theminimalistlifestyleneedstobeconsideredonlyafterweownmorethanweneed.Nowadays,therapiddevelopmentofthesocietyhasbroughtalotofwealthandmaterialpossessions,whichhasbecomeaburdenformany.Inaddition,thefast-pacedlifewehavetodaymakesusbusierthanever.Therefore,Ithinkaminimalistlifestyleisnecessarytohelppeopleeasetheirburdenandfocusonthebestpartoflife.AlthoughI’mnotastrictpractitionerofminimalism,Idobenefitalotfromasimplerlife.WhenIgotemployedin2018,Iwastedmysalariesonlotsofclothes,shoes,cosmetics,booksandfoodtoenrichmylife.However,pilesofthingsmademyroommessyandalotofstuffthingshadtobethrownawayunused.Aboutoneyearago,IlaidmyhandsonabooknamedDanshari,whichencouragespeopletocutoutorthrowawayunnecessarythings.Followingtheinstructions,Istartedtochangemylifestyleandsurprisinglyfoundoutthatmylifeismuchbetterwithless.AnotherbadhabitIhaveworkedhardtochangeisspendingtoomuchtimeonmyphoneandiPadasameanstofreemyselffromtheworkstress.Alotofmyvaluabletimewaswastedonvarioustime-killingappswhichdidn’tdomuchgoodtomyself-improvement.Adoptingasimplelifecanbeabitchallengingandneedsconstanteffort.HerearesometipsIfindhelpful.First,concentrateonthingsthatarereallyimportantandmeaningful.Second,accesstoinformationshouldbesimpleandwell-targeted；readingbooksisagoodalternativetomeaninglesssocialinteractionandtime-killingapps.Third,purchasefewergoodswithbetterqualityandtidyupyourroomregularly.Aminimalistlifestyleisn’tequaltoausterity(朴素)．It’sahabitwecanformtosimplifyourlife.Withlessdesirebothmateriallyandmentally,therewillbemoreroomforself-improvement,第24页共177页
happinessandinnerfulfillment.5．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartmeaninParagraph3?A．Recommended. B．Remembered.C．Wrote. D．Read.6．Whatdoesaminimalistlifestylemean?A．Buyingalotofthingswelike.B．Concentratingourselvesonthejobs.C．Formingahabitofsimplelife.D．Spendingmoretimeusingapps.7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．WealthIsLess B．MessIsSimpleC．MoreIsHappiness D．LessIsMoreC(2021·新疆高三一模)OntheFather’sDaybeforemyfatherenteredanursinghome,IgavehimanElmodoll.LikethecoloredpencilsandsketchbookIboughthimayearearlier,thiswasadesperateattempttobringsomejoytomyincreasinglybedriddenfather.Yearsago,myfathersufferedastrokewhichlefthiminbedfortherestofhislife.AtthesightofElmo,mythreeeldersistersshooktheirheads,certainthatourfatherwhowasanythingbutchildishwouldnotlikeit.Sureenough,myfather,76,brokeintothatunpleasantsmilethatbarelyconcealedhisdislike.“Whatonearthisthis？”shoutedmysisters,burstingintolaughter.“DaddyknowswhyIgivehimthis，”Isaid,thinkingthattheyhadnoideawhatElmomeanttomyfather.Tomydisappointment,myfathershrugged.Howcouldhenotremember？Yearsearlier,Ihadbeeninthekitchenandheardsomethingrarefromthelivingroom：laughter.IrandownstairsandsawthatElmowasonthePBScookingshow“TheFrugalGourmet”．“Idon’tknowwhatitisabouthimthatgetstome，”myfatherchokedoutbetweenlaughterandtears.“He’sjustsofunny！”Asmyfatherlayinthenursinghome,Iwouldvisithimintheevenings.Wewatchedoldmovieswiththelightsoff.Eventhoughheneveraskedforit,IbroughtElmofromhomeandputhimwheremyfathercouldseehim.Beforeleaving,IwouldtakeElmofromthedresserandplacehiminmyfather’simmobilearm.Aslightsmilewouldappearonhisface.Itneverlookedsofter.8．What’stheproblemwiththeauthor’sfather?A．Helosttheabilitytofeeljoy.B．Hebecamechildishafterthestroke.C．Hewasdisappointedwithhischildren.D．Hewasboundtostayinbedduetoanillness.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concealed”inParagraph2probablymean?第24页共177页
A．Hid. B．Showed.C．Explained. D．Expressed.10．WhydidtheauthorgivehisfatheranElmodoll?A．Hisfatheraskedforone. B．AnElmodollonceamusedhisfather.C．Nothingbutadollmadehisfathersmile. D．Hisfathermentionedoneonthecookingshow.11．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．Thetroubleastrokecancause.B．Thedifficultytomakeafatherhappy.C．Howasimplegiftbringsjoytoafather.D．Howtochooseapropertoyforoldpeople.阅读理解(四) 观点态度类A(2021·河北石家庄市高三一模)Stayinguplatedoinghomeworkisalwaystiring.Andperhapswhenwebecometired,wefeeltheneedtoeatunhealthysnackfood.Recentlyscientistshavebeeninvestigatingtirednessandsnackfood.AccordingtoastudyinTheJournalofNeuroscience,peoplearemorelikelytotakesnackswhentheydon’tgetenoughsleep.Forthestudy,researchersfromUniversityofCologneinGermanygavethesamedinnerto32healthymenagedbetween19and33．Halfofthemenwerethensenthometobed,andtheotherhalfwerekeptawakeinthelaboratoryallnight.Thenextmorning,theparticipantswereaskedtoconsiderhowmuchtheywouldbewillingtopayforsnackfooditemsshowntotheminpictures.Accordingtotheresearchers,allweresimilarlyhungryinthemorning,andhadsimilarlevelsofmosthormones(荷尔蒙)andbloodsugar.However,brainscansshowedthatwhenthesleep-deprived(缺少睡眠的)participantslookedatthepicturesofjunkfood,theyreleasedmoreofthe“hungerhormone”．Thisisthehormoneresponsibleforincreasingtheappetite,andmakingusconsumemore.Askedabouthowmuchtheywouldpayforsnacks,“Participantswithsleepdeprivationweremorewillingtooverspendonfooditemsthanthosewithagoodnight’ssleep，”researcherstoldScienceDaily.Researchersalsoobservedthatamongthepeoplewhohadn’tslept,therewasgreateractivityinthepartofthebrainwherefoodrewardsareprocessed.Thescientiststhinkthatsleep-deprivedpeopleexperiencechangestothehungerhormoneandthebrain’srewardsystemthatthenleadstoastrongerdesiretoeatsnackswithhighfatandcalories.第24页共177页
“Thisbringsusalittleclosertounderstandingthemechanism(机制)behindhowsleepdeprivationchangesfoodvaluation，”ProfessorJanPeters,aco-authorofthestudyfromtheUniversityofCologne,toldTheIndependent.Sometipsonthis：*Listentosomesoftmusictorelieveyourtiredness.*Dosomeslightexerciseforashorttimewhenyou’retired.*Eatyogurtorfruitstoreplacesnackswithhighfatandcalories.*Distanceyourselffromsnacks.1．Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Lesssleepleadstomoresnacks.B．Stayinguplatedoesharmtohealth.C．Tirednessisthecauseoflesssleep.D．Weneednosnackswhenwesleep.2．Whatmakespeopleeatmorejunkfoodaccordingtothestudy?A．Bloodsugar. B．Fooditems.C．Thehungerhormone. D．Fatandcalories.3．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Peoplewholacksleepusuallyspendlessonfooditems.B．Listeningtosoftmusichelpspeoplefeelrelaxed.C．Exerciseasmuchasyoucanwhenyouaretired.D．Peoplewhosleepwellcangetfoodrewards.4．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardssnacks?A．Positive. B．Indifferent.C．Negative. D．Neutral.B(2021·江苏省扬州市高三考前调研测试)Fishtongues,harvestedbychildrenCod(鳕鱼)tongueisafamousdishinNorwayandbeyond.Around80tonsarecuteveryyearfromfishcaughtinNorway’snorthernwaters.Softerintastethanthefleshofthefish,codtonguemeltsinthemouthwithahintofsaltiness.Itisnature’sgift,saysJanErik,vice-presidentoftheNorwegianfishermen’sassociation.LivEva,a35-year-oldwhoworksforaresearchinstitute,saysthatwhenshewasagirl,menandboysdominatedthecod-tongue-cuttingtradeonLofoten,aNorwegianisland.Thisyear,shewashappytoseeagrandmotherandgranddaughtersellingtongues.Inotherways,however,theartoftungeskjæringhashardlychangedoverthecenturies.Thedelicateworkofremovingthetonguefromanalreadybeheaded(去头的)fishisreservedmainlyforchildren.Thepracticeservesasakindofcareerpreparationforwould-befishers,anditpayshandsomely.Thetonguesarevaluable,soanhour’sworkcanpay1,200kronor($143)；notbadif第24页共177页
you’resix.ModestyguidesattitudesinLofotenandothernorthernparts,soitwouldn’tbeacceptedtospendthecashonsomethingwasteful,saysLivEva.Youngsterstendtosaveupforafishingboat,acaroradepositonahome.Noteveryonegetsinvolved.Thosewithambitionskeeptheirdistance；tongue-cuttingissomethingofafisherman’sroughlife.AndcitizensinNorwaywereupsetbyarecentdocumentaryshowingthechildrenatworkintheirblood-stainedoveralls.“Childlabor！”theycried.Thegovernmentlookedintotheissue,andchosetorespecttheircultureandtradition.Abiggerthreattotheindustryisthatstocksarelow.FromApril27th,2021NorwegiancodcaughtincoastalwaterswillloseitssustainabilityratingfromtheMarineConservationCouncil,aglobalfishwatchdog.5．Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Tobringupthetopic.B．Toputforwardanargument.C．Tosetoffaconflict.D．Tobringforwardasuggestion.6．Theunderlinedphrase“theartoftungeskjæring”refersto________.A．thetastingofcodtongue B．thecuttingofcodtongueC．thecookingofcodtongue D．thedrawingofcodtongue7．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphfocuson?A．Thetraditionsofthecodtongueindustry.B．Theadvantagesofthecodtongueindustry.C．Theproblemswiththecodtongueindustry.D．Thechangesofthecodtongueindustry.8．Whatisthegovernment’sattitudetowardsthechildren’sharvestingcodtongue?A．Supportive. B．Ignorant.C．Respectful. D．Disapproving.C(2021·山西省阳泉市高三第三次教学质量检测三模)Inthe17thcentury,theNetherlandsexperiencedaperiodofartisticprosperityknownastheDutchGoldenAge.Duringthisera,enlightenedartistsfoundinspirationinNorthernRenaissancepaintingtechniques,resultinginmasterpieceslikeGirlWithaPearlEarringbyJohannesVermeer(约翰内斯·维米尔)．第24页共177页
Knownasthe“MonaLisaoftheNorth，”thispaintingrepresentsthebestofDutchart.ThoughGirlWithaPearlEarringiscoveredinmystery,ithasbecomeoneofarthistory’smostbelovedpaintings.Specializingingenrepainting—atypeofartthatemploysscenesofeverydaylifeasitssubject—DutchartistJohannesVermeerisfamousforhisdepictions(描绘)ofcontemporaryDelft,acityinHollandwheretheartistwasborn,lived,anddied.Specifically,heisknownforhisdepictionsofdomesticinteriorsandportraitsofwomen,likethefigurefeaturedinGirlwithaPearlEarring.VermeerpaintedGirlwithaPearlEarringaround1665,whichisVermeer’smostwell-knownworkofart.However,itdidnotattaininternationalfameatitstimeofcompletion.Thatcameaboutattheendofthe20thcentury,whenitwasfeaturedinaspecialexhibitionattheNationalGalleryofArtinWashington,D．C.GirlwithaPearlEarringshowsayoungwomansittingbeforeadarkbackdrop.Thisstarkandshallowbackgroundbeautifullycontraststhefigure’scream-coloredskinandhalfcrystaleyes,whicharefixedontheviewer.Inadditiontoanelegantblueandyellowturban(女用头巾),shewearsalarge,tear-shapedpearlearring.Onthesurface,thisdepictionsseemstohavetheclassiccharacteristicsofaportrait,butitisactuallyknownasatronie(十七世纪荷兰的一种风俗肖像画)anddoesnotrefertoaspecificpersonorplace.Today,GirlwithaPearlEarringremainsoneofthemostfamouspaintingsintheworld.“WhenyouthinkabouttheMonaLisa,sheisalsolookingatus,butsheisn’tengaging—sheissittingbackinthepainting,self-contained，”TracyChevalier,theauthoroftheNewYorkTimesbestsellinghistoricalnovel,GirlwithaPearlEarring,pointsout.“WhereasGirlwithaPearlEarringisrightthere—thereisnothingbetweenherandus.Shehasthismagicalqualityofbeingremarkablyopenandyetmysteriousatthesametime—andthatiswhatmakeshersoappealing.”9．WhatcanwelearnaboutVermeerfromthetext?A．Vermeerattainedinternationalfameexactlyin1665．B．VermeerlearnedalotfromthepaintingMonaLisa.C．Vermeershowedhisworksattheendofthe20thcentury.D．VermeerpaintedGirlwithaPearlEarringaround1665．第24页共177页
10．Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsthepaintingGirlWithaPearlEarring?A．Indifferent. B．Ambiguous.C．Objective. D．Conservative.11．WhycouldJohannesVermeercreatethefamouspaintingGirlWithaPearlEarring?A．HefoundinspirationinNorthernRenaissancepaintingtechniques.B．Hestudiedtheadvancedpaintingtechniquesinhischildhood.C．Hewasreallyfamousforthevividdepictionsofhishometown.D．Hehadanefficientcommunicationwiththepeopleinhishometown.12．Whatdoesthefifthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Basicbackground. B．Subjectmatter.C．Magicalquality. D．Paintingtechniques.阅读理解(五) 写作意图类A(2021·福建省武平县第一中学高三一模)TheStateofColoradohasfourofthebestparksoutofthe58nationalparksintheUnitedStates.Theparkshavesomeofthebestsceneryofallthenationalparks.BlackCanyon(峡谷)ofGunnisonNationalParkThisparkoffersthemostbreathtakingviewsfromupinthemountainsintothecanyonsbelow.Whileexploringthecanyons,youwillfindthatthewallsdropnearlystraightdownintothenarrowvalleysofthesnake-likeriversbelow.Visitorsareofferedmorethan100campingsites,andalotofbirdspeciesandmanyanimalsarenativetothearea.RockyMountainNationalParkItistheonlynationalparkinthenorthcentralregioninthestateofColorado.Elevationsinthisparkareanywherefrom8,000feetto14,259feetatthetopofLongsPeak.WhiletravelingthroughoutthisparkyouwillnoticetwoverydifferentclimatesbecauseofthedifferencetheupperpeaksoftheRockyMountainsmake.Youcanenjoy359milesofhikingtrails,alotofplacesforcamping,horse-backridingandbeautifulscenery.MesaVerdeNationalParkThisisprobablythemostinterestingnationalpark,offeringafascinatingtripbackintimeto600ADupto1300AD.Thisparkwasdeclaredaprotectednationalparkin1906becauseofthecliffdwellings(住所)thatwerefoundthroughoutthearea,whichwereoncehometoAmericanIndians.Manyofthesedwellingscanbewalkedthrough,whileyouimaginewhateachroommayhavebeenusedforsomanyyearsago.GreatSandDunes(沙丘)NationalParkTheGreatSanddunesNationalParkliesinsouthcentralColorado,about127milesfromPueblo.ThisparkhasthetallestsanddunesinallofNorthAmericaandhastrailsforhiking.Thenaturalsandybeachesaroundthesmallriversandlakesaregoodforswimmers.1．What’sthemostbreathtakingthingintheBlackCanyonofGunnisonNationalPark?第24页共177页
A．Theanimals. B．Thewalls.C．Therivers. D．Thecampingsites.2．IntheRockyMountainNationalPark，touristsmayNOTbeableto________.A．gosightseeing B．boatC．rideahorse D．camp3．Ifyouareinterestedinhistory，youareadvisedtovisit________.A．theRockyMountainNationalParkB．theBlackCanyonofGunnisonNationalParkC．theGreatSandDunesNationalParkD．theMesaVerdeNationalPark4．What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．PersuadingpeopletovisitColoradowhileinAmerica.B．ShowingpeoplewhichparkisthebestofthefourinColorado.C．IntroducingthebestfourparksinColoradotopeople.D．TellingpeoplesometravelinginformationinColorado.B(2021·广西南宁市高三一模)InrecentyearscomputerscientistshavecomeupwithseveraldifferentwaysofcreatingfalsevideosofpeopleusingArtificialIntelligence(AI)．Thesevideosareusuallycalled“deepfakes”．Somedeepfakesworkbyputtingthefaceofonepersonontoadifferentpersoninavideo.Othersworkbytakinganexistingvideoofapersonandchangingitsothatthepersonsaysordoessomethingtheydidn’tsayordo.Atfirst,creatingdeepfakeswascomplex.Itrequiredspecialknowledge,hundredsofpicturesofthepersonwhowasbeingfaked,andlotsoftime.Nowit’smuchsimpler.Therearewebsitesandappsthatallowalmostanyonetocreatedeepfakes.Anapprecentlycameoutwhichalloweduserstoputtheirfacesintofamousmoviescenes.Theprocesstakesabouteightseconds,requiresonepicture,andcanbedoneonamobilephone.Onegroupofcomputerscientistscreatedaprogramthatallowedthemtoeditthewordscomingoutofsomeone’smouthinavideojustlikeyoumighteditadocumentonthecomputer.It’sonethingtoswapthefacesoffamousactors.Butwhathappensifsomeoneputsoutafakevideoofapolitician,forexample,makingitlookliketheybrokethelaw？There’salsotheproblemofthetimeittakestofigureoutthatsomethingisfake.Evenifavideoisproventobefake,itcouldbetoolate.Millionsofpeoplemighthavealreadyseenandbelievedit.Ontheotherhand,whathappensifavideoisactuallyreal,butpeopledon’ttrustitbecausethey’retoldit’sadeepfake?ManydeepfakesaresogoodthatonlyanotherAIsystemcantellthatthey’refake.ExpertsareworkinghardtocreatenewAItoolsthatcanidentifyfakedvideos.Manypeopleareconfidentthatpeoplecandefeatdeepfakessoon.However,personally,itisverychallengingbecausethistechnologyhasalwaysfallenbehindthedeepfakes.第24页共177页
5．Whatcanbelearntaboutdeepfakes?A．Theyareallmadebyapps.B．Theyareimprovingrapidly.C．Theyaremainlyusedtojoke.D．They’lllosepopularitysoon.6．WhatdoesParagraph3focusonaboutdeepfakes?A．Theanxietiesraisedbythem.B．Theresultscausedbythem.C．Thewaysofmakingthem.D．Thedoubtsaboutthem.7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetodevelopingAItoolstorecognizedeepfakes?A．Optimistic. B．Supportive.C．Disapproving. D．Uncertain.8．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．TorecommendnewAItools.B．ToexplaintheimportanceofAI.C．Todescribeatechnologytrend.D．Tostresstechnologyrevolutions.C(2021·北京市海淀区高三下学期二模)Fortoday’sincreasinglyinterconnectedfoodsupplychains,“efficient”iswhatit’ssupposedtobe：Eachcountryspecializesinwhatit’sbest,atandputsitontheglobalmarket.Producersandprocessorswithincountriesspecialize,too,asawaytominimizecosts.Asaresult,atleastintheory,pricesstaylow,theworldgetsfedandeveryonewins.However,thecoronaviruscrisisdemonstrateswhatiswrongwiththisapproach.Whenbarrierspreventfoodfromreachingitsmarkets,ordemandsuddenlydrops—bothofwhicharehappeningnow—thesystemfallsapart.Specializationofthefoodsystemmakesithardtoshiftintodifferentmarketswhendisruptionsarise.Belgium,aleadingexporterofpotatoes,lostsalesnotonlytolocalrestaurantsbutalsotoothercountriesbecauseoflockdowns(封锁)．AtleasttheBelgianscantrytoeatthepotatoesathome.Thatstrategywon’tworkforeverycrop：Ghana,theworld’stopcocoaexporter,lostmarketswhenpeoplestalledfocusingonbuyingessentialitemsinsteadofchocolate.ThelossinexportincomeinAfricamoregenerallycouldhaveahugeimpactifthepandemiccontinues,asmanycountriesthererelyheavilyonimportedwheatandrice.Thepricesofthesegrainshavesoarednotonlybecauseofrisingdemandforthesegrainsduringthecrisis,butalsobecauseafewcountries—includingRussiaandVietnam—imposedexportrestrictionsoutoffearthatsendingfoodabroadwouldleadtohigherpricesathome.Concentratedmarketsdominatedbyjustahandfulofcompaniesheightenfoodsystem第24页共177页
fragility.Forexample,justthreemeatpackingplantsprocessover95percentofCanada’sbeefandnearlyallofitsbeefexports.Now,thosemeatprocessingplantshavehadtotemporarilyshutdownbecauseofoutbreaksofCOVID-19amongworkers.Seeingthespoiledproductsacrosstheworldshouldforceallofustorethinkour“efficient”foodsupplies.Weneedtorejuvenate(使恢复活力)localandregionalfoodsystemstoreducethevulnerabilitiesthatcomewithbeingtooreliantonimportedandcorporate-dominatedfoods.Thisdoesn’tmeancuttingoffalltradeorabolishingallpackagedfoods,butitdoesmeanbuildingdiversity,andincreasingopportunitiesforsmallandmedium-scaleenterprisestoflourishinshorter,moresustainablefoodsupplychainsthatareclosertohome.Oneplacetostartisforgovernmentstoshifttheirsupportfromthelarge-scale,specializedandexport-orientedfoodsystemtobuildinginfrastructureformorediverselocalfoodsystems.Aroundtheworld,small-scaleandorganicproducershavebeenoverwhelmedwiththesurgeininterestfromcustomerswhowanttobuydirectlyfromfarmersduringthecrisis.Buttheseproducersoftenlacktheinfrastructuretomeetthatdemand.Asgovernmentsaroundtheworldpassstimuluspackagestoaddressthecrisis,buildingmorediverseandlocalizedfoodsystemsshouldbeanobviousinclusion.9．Intheory,specializationofthefoodsystem________.A．adaptstochangesefficientlyB．balancessupplyanddemandC．focusesonessentialitemsD．reducescostsofproduction10．Theunderlinedword“fragility”inParagraph5means________.A．weakness B．diversityC．unfairness D．complexity11．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Afewcountriesrestrictexportstostabilizelocalfoodprices.B．GrainpricesriseduetoAfrica’sdependenceonimportation.C．GhanamightbelessaffectedbylockdownsthanBelgiumwas.D．Packaged-foodconsumptionshouldbeencouragedtoaddressthecrisis.12．Themainpurposeofthispassageisto________.A．exposefoodsecurityissuesduringthecrisisB．advocateestablishingdiverselocalfoodsystemsC．discussthedevelopmentofasustainableeconomyD．provetheimportanceofsoundgovernmentpolicies阅读理解(六) 主旨大意类A(2021·江西六校高三3月联考)Migratingterns(燕鸥)maychangetheirflightplansbasedonakeensenseofcoming第24页共177页
typhoons,escapingtheimpactofthestormsbutstillbenefitingfromfeedingopportunitiesintheirwakes.ResearchersexamineddatarecordedbytrackingdevicesonsixternsfromOkinawa,Japan,tolearnmoreaboutthebirds’migrationsovermultipleyears.TheternsflewacrosspartofthePhilippineSea’s“typhoonhighway”togettotheislandsofBorneoandSulawesiandvariedtheirleavingtimes—oftenapparentlywaitingtodepartuntilalargetyphoonwasabouttocrosstheirprojectedpath.“Theyseemtobeabletopredictit，”saysJean-BaptisteThiebot,apostdoctoralfellowattheNationalInstituteofPolarResearchinJapanandleadauthorofthenewstudy,whichwaspublishedinJuneinMarineBiology.Thestudyoffersfewcluesabouthowternsmightdothis,butotherresearchsuggestssomemigratingbirdsdetectinfrasonic(次声的)weathersignalsorobservechangingclouds.TheternsThiebotstudiedtypicallyavoidedthetyphoonsthemselves.Butthesestormscanchurn(剧烈搅动)foodtotheoceansurface,sotheimmediateresultsmayhelpthehungrytravelers.Theymightactuallyusethetyphoontoknowwhentoleavefortheirmigrationseachyear,Thiebotsays.Intheunusuallyquiet2017season,withnosignofastrongtyphoon,thebirdsstartedtheirjourneyslaterandflewwithoutpitstops.Thiebotwouldliketoseethispatternconfirmedinalargerstudy.Healsoworriesthatincreasingtyphoonfrequencycouldaffectbirds’predictionaccuracy,possiblygettingthemcaughtindangerousweather.RobertGill,aretiredresearchwildlifebiologist,saysthatalthoughthestudy’ssamplesizeissmall,itaddstoscientists’overallunderstandingofmigration.“Theyareabletopredictbetterthanthebestweatherforecasterswehave，”Gillsays,“butthey’vealsohadtensofthousands,ifnotmillions,ofyearstohonethatskill.”1．WhatdidtheternsdoaftergettingtotheislandsofBorneoandSulawesi?A．Theyvariedtheirprojectedpath.B．Theystayedtherefortheexacttimetoleave.C．Theystayedawaketofindfeedingchances.D．Theychurnedfoodtotheoceansurface.2．AccordingtoThiebot,whydidtheternssetoffontheirjourneyslaterinthe2017season?A．Theymightnotdetectstrongtyphoonsignals.B．Theydidn’tfindenoughfood.C．Theywerecaughtindangerousweather.D．Theywantedtoflywithoutstops.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hone”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Teach. B．Develop.C．Ignore. D．Share.4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theimpactoftyphoons.第24页共177页
B．Anewapproachtoforecastingweather.C．Theprocessofterns’migrations.D．Terns’abilitytopredicttyphoon.B(2021·广东省汕头市金山中学高三下学期第三次模拟考试)Fortopstudentsfromlow-incomefamilies,thechallengeofapplyingtocollegesisparticularlydifficult.1in4dealwithallofthat—thewriting,thestudying,theresearchingandapplying—completelyontheirown.Oneapproachtomakethiswholeprocesseasier？Pairstudentsupwithanadviser.That’stheideabehindCollegePoint,aninitiativetohelpgiftedstudentsgotoschoolsthatmatchtheirintellectual(智力的)ability.Whenahighschoolstudenttakesastandardizedtest—thePSAT,SATorACT—andtheyscoreinthe90thpercentile,andtheirfamiliesmakelessthan$80,000ayear,theygetanemailfromtheprogramofferingthemafreeadviser.Theadviserslisten,guideandanswerstudents’questions.ConnorRechtzigel,anadviserinMinnesota,seestheimportanceofhisrole,forresearchshowsthatlow-incomestudentsarefarmorelikelytoundermatchbecausetheydon’tthinktheyhavewhatittakestogetinandbecausemanydon’tevenknowwhatschoolsareoutthere.HehelpedhighschoolseniorJusticeBenjamin,thefirstinhisfamilytoapplytocollege,thinkaboutwhathisideallearningexperiencewas.Finally,Justicenarrowedinonsmallerschoolswherehecouldstudyenvironmentalscienceandmadehisfinalchoice：SkidmoreCollegeinNewYork.Hefeltempoweredbytheprocess.Figuringouthowtopayforcollegeisamajorpartofwhat,CollegePointadvisersdo.Nakhle,anadviserinNorthCarolina,isworkingwithHensley,anOhiohighschoolseniorwhocan’tgetextrafinancialhelpfromherfamily.Theyspentalotoftimecomparingandanalyzingherfinancial-aidawardletters,whichmadeherdecisionmuchclearer.Finally,theOhioStateUniversityofferedanoptionwhereshewouldpaynothing.Stayingin-statewasn’therfirstchoice,butitwasthebestoptionforher.5．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．HowCollegePointworks.B．ThegoalofCollegePoint.C．Waystoapplyforafreeadviser.D．Thechallengeofchoosingcolleges.6．Whatpreventslow-incomestudentsfromattendingpropercolleges?A．Overestimatingtheirabilities.B．Knowinglittleaboutcolleges.C．Lackofenoughlearningexperience.D．Failuretogetsupportfromtheirfamilies.7．WhydidHensleyfinallychoosetheOhioStateUniversity?A．Shedidn’twanttostayfarfromhome.第24页共177页
B．Herfavoritemajorwasprovidedthere.C．Shewouldshowhertalentstothefull.D．Theuniversitymetherfinancialneeds.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowtoBeaFinancialAdviserB．StepsforTopStudentstoSelectIdealCollegesC．AdvisersHelpPoorStudentsApplytoSuitableCollegesD．CollegePoint—aProgramHelpingStudentsScoreHighC(2021·江苏省南京师范大学附属中学高三下学期第二次高考模拟)Whenwe’vegotchildren,it’stypicalofustogivecarefulthoughttohowmuchTVthechildrenarewatchingandthatthey’reexposedto.ArewebeingoverprotectiveabouttheeffectrealityTVishavingonourchild？Theansweris“No”．Orrather,there’sincreasingevidencethattheseprogrammescanhaveaprofoundinfluenceonyoungpeople.ArecentresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeeverybitasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoonsareforkids—perhapsevenworse.ThetruthisthatrealityTVisanythingbutreality—butthat’snotnecessarilywhatourchildrenbelieve.AstudyfortheGirlScoutResearchInstituteintheUSfoundthateightoutoftengirlsagedbetween11and17whoregularlywatchrealityshowsbelievetheseprogrammesdescribereallife.Infact,muchofrealityTVisaheavilymanipulatedviewofwhat’sreallyhappening,andtheworstofitstrengthensthesortoffemalestereotypeswomenhavespentdecadestryingtoremove.ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordramaqueens.Strong,hard-working,purposefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprogrammes.There’sawidespreademphasisonthevalueofwomenbeingabouthowtheylookanddress,whichgivesyoungviewersthemessagethatbeingawomanisallaboutstyleandappearance,notwhatyoudoorstandfor.CulturalcriticandwriterJenniferPoznerdescribesrealityTVas“thecontemporarynegativereactionagainstfeminism”．ImranSiddiquee,DirectorofSocialMediaandOutreach,isconcernedthattheseprogrammesshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand“normalize”theminwhatappeartobeeverydaysettings.“Theyoffersuchalimitedviewofwhatitistobeawoman,andallovertheworldyounggirlsareaddictedtoit，”hesays.Siddiqueedoesrecognize,however,thatmanygirlsthemselvesvaluerealityTV.Somesayitencouragesthemtothinkaboutsituationsdifferentfromtheirown.Theyalsopointoutthatsomeshowsfeaturewomenrunningtheirownsuccessfulbusinesses.“It’simportanttoacknowledgethattherearesomeusefulelementsinrealityTV，”Siddiqueesays.“Butmanygirlsneedtobeinspiredtothinkmorecriticallyaboutsomeaspectsoftheseshowssothey’renotmanipulatedbythemandsotheirbehaviourdoesn’tchangebecauseofthem.”Weshouldencourageourchildrentobecriticalthinkersandhelpthemdeveloptheirmedialiteracy.WhetherrealityTVischangingourchildren’sviews,orwhethertheyareattractedto第24页共177页
programmesthatagreewiththeirbeliefs,it’svitalwerecognizethattheirviewinghabitscouldstrengthentheseunbalancedideas.9．Thispassageismostprobablyintendedfor________.A．teenagegirls B．parentsC．mediaworkers D．generalpublic10．WhatistheproblemwitharealityTVshow?A．Itistootruetolifeforaudiencetobelievein.B．Actorsanddirectorslackasenseofinnovation.C．Itscontentsandviewsareratherartificial.D．Ithascausedcontroversiesamongteenagers.11．AccordingtotheImranSiddquee,whatshouldrealityTVshowspresent?A．Genuineaccountsoffemalesandtheirwork.B．Waystogainmorepopularityamongpeers.C．DistinctionbetweentruelifeandTVdramas.D．Tipsonhowtobecomestylishyounggirls.12．Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A．SituationswhereteenagersareattractedtocertainTVprogrammes.B．RealityTVshows’impactonyounggirlsandparent’sguidance.C．Thewaytohelpchildrentohavethehabitofcriticalthinking.D．ThestereotypesofwomenonTVandaudience’sreaction.阅读理解(七) 标题归纳题A(2021·山东省(新高考)高三二模英语试卷(三))Whenmusiccomeson,somepeoplearetoe-lappersorhead-bobbers,othersshaketheirhips,andthentherearethosewholettherhythmmovethemtoafull-bodyboogie(布吉舞)．But,whateveritis,thewaywedancetoabeatissonoticeabletoanindividualthatacomputercannowidentifyusbyouruniquedancing“fingerprint”．ResearchersattheCentreforInterdisciplinaryMusicResearchatFinland’sUniversityofJyv-skylhavebeenusingmotioncapture(动作捕捉)technologytostudywhataperson’sdancemovessayabouthisorhermood,personality,andabilitytosympathize.TheyrecentlymadeanaccidentaldiscoverywhiletryingtoseeifanMLmachine,aformofartificialintelligence,wouldbeabletoidentifywhichkindofmusicwasplayingbasedonhowtheparticipantsofthestudyweredancing.Intheirstudy,theresearchersmotioncaptured73participantswiththeAItechnologywhiletheydancedtoeightdifferentmusicgenres：electronica,jazz,metal,pop,rap,reggae,country,andblues.Theonlyinstructionthedancersweregivenwastomoveinawaythatfeltnatural.Butwhatitcoulddowasmoreshocking.Thecomputerwasabletocorrectlyidentifywhichmusiconeoftheparticipantswasdancingto94percentofthetime,regardlessofwhatkindof第24页共177页
musicwasplaying,basedonthepatternofaperson’sdancestyle.Itwasthemovementofparticipants’heads,shouldersandkneesthatwereimportantmarkersindistinguishingbetweenindividual.“Itseemsasthoughaperson’sdancemovementsakindoffingerprint.Eachpersonhasauniquemovementsignaturethatstaysthesamenomatterwhatkindofmusicisplaying，”saidPasiSaari,aco-authorofthestudy,inaclass.It’spossiblethatdance-recognitionsoftwarecouldbecomesomethingsimilartoface-recognitionsoftwarebutitdoesn’tseemaspractical.Fornow,researcherssaythattheyarenotasinterestedinpossiblesurveillance(监视)usesofthistechnology,butratherwhattheresultsofthisstudysayabouthowhumansrespondtomusic.Sodon’tworryaboutbeingidentifiedatnightclubbyanAIviayoursignaturedancemovesyet.1．WhatdidtheresearchersexpecttodowiththeMLmachine?A．Testthedancers’flexibility. B．Makedancersaccustomedtothebeat.C．Identifythemusicusingdancers’moves. D．Checktheaccuracyofmotioncapturetechnology.2．WhatmightnothelptheAItechnologydetermineadancer’sidentity?A．Headmovement. B．Footmovement.C．Kneemovement. D．Shouldermovement.3．Whatdoresearcherswanttousetheresultsfor?A．Puttingitontheapplicationmarket. B．Programmingittoworkatnightclub.C．Learningaboutthehumanresponsetomusic. D．Developingasoftwarelikeface-recognition.4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．Amusicstylematterslessthanitsbeat.B．NewAIcangenerateyournextdancemove.C．Adance-recognitionsoftwarewillbecomemorepopular.D．NewAIcanidentifyyoubyyourdancing“fingerprint”．B(2021·贵州省毕节市高三年级诊断性考试(三))E-cigarettescandamagevitalimmunesystemcellsandmaybemoreharmfulthanpreviouslythought,astudysuggests.Researchersfounde-cigarettevapourdisabledimportantimmunecellsinthelungandboostedinflammation(炎症)．Theresearcherscautionagainstthewidelyheldopinionthate-cigarettesaresafe.However,PublicHealthEnglandadvisestheyaremuchlessharmfulthansmokingandpeopleshouldnothesitatetousethemasanaidtogivingupcigarettes.Thesmallexperimentalstudy,ledbyProfDavidThickett,attheUniversityofBirmingham,ispublishedonlineinthejournalThorax.Previousstudieshavefocusedonthechemicalelements第24页共177页
ofe-cigaretteliquidbeforeitisvaped.Inthisstudy,theresearchersdesignedamechanicalprocesstomimic(模拟)vapinginthelaboratory,usinglungtissuesamplesprovidedbyeightnon-smokers.Theyfoundvapourcausedinflammationandimpairedtheactivityofalveolarmacrophagescells(肺泡巨噬细胞)thatremovedpotentiallydamagingdustparticles,bacteriaandallergens.Theysailsomeoftheeffectsweresimilartothoseseeninregularsmokersandpeoplewithchroniclungdisease.Theycautionthattheresultsareonlyinlaboratoryconditionsandtheyareplanningtodomoreresearchtobetterunderstandthelong-termhealthimpactthechangesrecordedtookplaceonly48hours.ProfThicketsaidwhilee-cigarettesweresaferthantraditionalcigarettesintermsofcancerrisk,theymaystillbeharmfulinthelong-term.Ifyouvapefor20or30years,youcansufferfromCOPD(chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease),thenthat’ssomethingweneedtoknowabout.5．What’sthewidelyheldopinionaboute-cigarettes?A．They’remoreharmful. B．They’relessharmful.C．They’reunknowntopeople. D．They’reharmless.6．Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?A．It’sbelievable.B．It’sconductednarrowly.C．It’sacceptedbymostpeople.D．It’scarriedoutinAmerica.7．Whatcanwelearnaboute-cigarettesfromthelastparagraph?A．Theyaresaferintermsofmentalproblems.B．Theymaybelittleharminthelongrun.C．Theyaresaferwithregardtocancerrisk.D．Theycancompletelyreplacetraditionalones.8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Cane-cigarettesdamagevitalbrainsystemcells?B．Cane-cigarettesbecomepopularamongpeople?C．Cane-cigarettesberecommendedtosmokers?D．Canc-cigarettesdamagevitalimmunesystemcells?C(2021·江西南昌市高三一模)Ajointresearchteamrecentlyhavedevelopedanewelectronicskinthatissimilartohumanskininstrength,durability(耐久性)andsensitivity.Theskinore-skinmayplayanimportantroleinnext-generationpersonalizedmedicine,softroboticsandartificialintelligence.“Theideale-skinwillmimic(模仿)manynaturalfunctionsofhumanskin,suchassensingtemperatureandtouch,accuratelyandinrealtime，”saysleadingresearcherYichenCai.However,makingsuitablyflexibleelectronicsthatcanperformsuchdelicatetaskswhilealso第24页共177页
usedrepeatedlyischallenging,andeachmaterialinvolvedmustbecarefullyengineered.Moste-skinsaremadebyputtinganactivesensoronthesurfacethatattachestohumanskin.However,theconnectionbetweenthemisoftentooweak,whichreducesthedurabilityandsensitivityofthematerial；otherwise,ifitistoostrong,itwon’tbeflexibleenough,makingitmorelikelytobreakthecircuit.“Thelandscapeofskinelectronicskeepsshiftingataremarkablepace，”saysCai.“Thediscoveryof2Dsensorshasacceleratedeffortstoturnthesequitethinbutstrongmaterialsintofunctional,durableartificialskins.”Thenewman-madeskinbuiltbytheresearcherscouldsenseobjectsfrom20centimetersaway.Itcouldfurthermakeaquickresponsewhentouchedinlessthanonetenthofasecond.“Itisastrikingachievementforane-skintomaintaintoughnessafterrepeateduse，”saidShen,“whichmimicsthesoftnessandrapidrecoveryofhumanskin.”Thistypeofe-skincouldmonitorarangeofbiologicalinformation,suchaschangesinbloodpressure,whichcanbedetectedfrommovementsofarmsandlegs.ThisdatacanthenbesharedandstoredonthecloudviaWi-Fi.“Oneremainingproblemtothewidespreaduseofe-skinsliesinmassproductionofhigh-resolutionsensors，”addsgroupleaderVincentTung“however,thelatesttechnologyoffersnewpromise.”9．What’sthefeatureofthenewe-skin?A．Itcanstoreinformation.B．It’squitehardandtough.C．It’sflexibleandsensitive.D．Itcanreplacehumanskin.10．Whydoestheauthormention“moste-skins”inParagraph3?A．Tostressthechallengesofmakinge-skins.B．Tointroducethepopularityofe-skins.C．Toshowtheprocessofmakinge-skins.D．Tocomparethesimilaritybetweene-skins.11．Whatcanthenewe-skindo?A．Adjustthebloodpressure.B．Recoverthewoundedskin.C．Workasaremotecontroller.D．Sensetheoutsidetemperature.12．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ABreakthroughinHi-techB．Man-madeSkin,ImprovedC．E-skin,APromisingBusinessD．TheWidespreadUseofE-skin第24页共177页
参考答案与试题解析阅读理解(一) 细节理解类A(2021·福建省厦门市高三毕业班第三次质量检测)WhenyouthinkofChinesefoodintheU.S.,friedrice,orGeneralTso’schickenmayfirstcometomind.ButanewmuseumexhibitioninNewYorkCityistryingtoexpandvisitors’palates(味蕾)．ItfeaturesstoriesoffamouscookslikeMartinYanandhomecookswhosefoodrepresents18differentregionalcookingstylesofChina.“Ithinkit’sunfairtojustclassifyChinesecookingasone，”saysKianLamKho,aco-curator(策展人)of“Sour,Sweet,Bitter,Spicy：StoriesofChineseFoodandIdentityinAmerica”attheMuseumofChineseinAmerica.“Evenwiththesamedishorsamecuisine,everyfamilyhasadifferentvariation.”That’swhythecuratorssayifyouwanttotastethefullrangeofChinesecuisineintheU．S,you’llneedtogobeyondrestaurantsandintohomekitchens,whichcanplayacentralroleinmanyimmigrants’lives.“Thekitchenitselfiskindofacomfortwhenyoucometoanewcountry.That’stheoneplacewhereyousetupasyourhomebase,andyoucookthingsthatyourememberfromyourpast，”explainsco-curatorAudraAng.OneofthehomecooksshowcasedintheexhibitionisNiBiying,80,ofManhattan.Sheworkedasalive-inbabysitterforyearsbeforeshecouldfinallyaffordtorentahomewithherownkitchen.Thesedays,youcanusuallyfindhermovingaroundherone-bedroomapartmentasasweetsmellofvinegarandricewinefloatsfromherstove.ForNi,asmalldinnerforfriendsandfamilymeanspreparingalmostadozendifferentdishes.Shelearnedsomeofhertechniquesfromherfather,whomademostofherfamily’smealswhenshewasachild.“Istillmakethebeefwithstir-friedcelerymyfatherusedtocook，”shesays.Andit’sthekindofcomfortfoodthatdefinesChinesefoodforNi.1．Whatisthenewmuseumexhibitionmainlyabout?A．StoriesofChinesefoodandcooks.B．Explorationoffamousrestaurants.C．HistoryofChineseimmigration.D．Cuisineofdifferentcountries.2．Whydoesthekitchenplayakeyroleinmanyimmigrants’lives?A．Itprovidesawealthylife.B．Ithelpsthemtoacceptnewcultures.C．Itbringsasenseofbelonging.D．Itenablesthemtoforgetthepast.3．WhatcanwelearnaboutNiBiyingfromParagraph4?A．SheworkedinaChineserestaurant.第68页共177页
B．Shemademostmealsasachild.C．Shelearnedcookingfromherfather.D．Sheliveswithabigfamily.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ChineseRestaurantTellsImmigrantTalesB．HomeCookingBringsMoretotheTableC．ImmigrantsSeektheirFortuneintheU．S.D．CuisineGainsNewVariations【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家常菜在移民的生活中的核心作用、特点和一位著名的家庭厨师，说明家常菜给餐桌带来更多乐趣。1．A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“ItfeaturesstoriesoffamouscookslikeMartinYanandhomecookswhosefoodrepresents18differentregionalcookingstylesofChina.(它讲述了著名厨师的故事，如阎马丁和家庭厨师，他们的食物代表了中国18种不同的地方烹饪风格。)”可知，新博物馆的展览主要是关于中国食物和厨师的故事。故选A。2．C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Thekitchenitselfiskindofacomfortwhenyoucometoanewcountry.(当你来到一个新的国家，厨房本身就是一种安慰。)”和第二句“That’stheoneplacewhereyousetupasyourhomebase,andyoucookthingsthatyourememberfromyourpast(那是你把它作为你的大本营的地方，你烹饪的东西都是你从过去的记忆中得来的)”可知，厨房在许多移民的生活中起着关键作用是因为它带来一种归属感。故选C。3．C 细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第三句“Shelearnedsomeofhertechniquesfromherfather,whomademostofherfamily’smealswhenshewasachild.(她从父亲那里学到了一些技巧，父亲在她小时候做了家里的大部分饭菜。)”可知，她向她父亲学习了烹饪。故选C。4．B 标题归纳题。根据第二段最后一句“That’swhythecuratorssayifyouwanttotastethefullrangeofChinesecuisineintheU．S,you’llneedtogobeyondrestaurantsandintohomekitchens,whichcanplayacentralroleinmanyimmigrants’lives.(这就是为什么馆长们说，如果你想在美国品尝全方位的中国菜，你需要超越餐馆，进入家庭厨房，而家庭厨房在许多移民的生活中起着核心作用。)”且文中介绍了家常菜在移民的生活中的核心作用和一位著名的家庭厨师可知，文章主要是讲家常菜给餐桌带来更多乐趣。故选B。B(2021·江西赣州市高三一模)UltimateEarsHYPERBOOMSpeaker($399.99)Withitslongbatterylife,andincrediblesoundquality,thisiscurrentlymyfavoriteBluetoothspeaker.TheHYPERBOOMalsoboastsa24-hourbatterylife.Iusethisspeakerinplaceofahomestereo(立体声音响)formusic.It’sloudenoughtofillalargeroomandmobileenoughtotakefromroomtoroom.Theappallowsyoutoswitchsources,adjustthevolume(音量),andeven第68页共177页
powerthespeakeronoroffwithouthavingtogetup!UrbanistaBrisbaneWirelessSpeaker($99)IlovethewaythisportableBluetoothspeakerlooksinourkitchen.Thesoundqualityisincredible.OnefunctionallowsyoutopairtwoUrbanistasinstereo,doublingthevolumecapabilityanddeliveringasurroundsound.Unfortunately,youhavetorepairthespeakerstogethereachtimeyouusetheminstereo.Thisisasmart,stylishBluetoothspeakerthat’lllookandsoundgreatonyourshelf.AudioProAddonCIOSpeaker($349)Withitseasysetupandincrediblesoundquality,thisisoneofthebestWi-Fi-enabledspeakersonthemarket.Ithasnearlyeverypossibleconnectionport,allowingyoutobroadcasttootherWi-Fienabledspeakersinyourhouse.NaimMu-so2WirelessSpeaker($1,690)ThisbeautifulWi-Ficonnectedsoundsystemisperfectformusic.Thestylishdesignwillfitneatlyinanylivingroomandfillthespacewithimpressivelyloudsound.Oneuniquefeatureisthatyoucansetyourfavoriteinternetradiostationandturnitonwithasinglebutton.5．WhatcanwelearnabouttheHYPERBOOM?A．Itresistsoilandwater.B．Itcanbecontrolledbyanapp.C．Itneedschargingfrequently.D．It’snotsuitableforalargeroom.6．WhatislessthansatisfactoryaboutUrbanistaspeaker?A．It’simmovable. B．Itbreakseasily.C．It’snoteasytouse. D．It’snotloudenough.7．Whichisawisechoiceifyouoftenlistentointernetradio?A．UltimateEarsHYPERBOOMSpeaker.B．UrbanistaBrisbaneWirelessSpeaker.C．AudioProAddonCIOSpeaker.D．NaimMu-so2WirelessSpeaker.【语篇解读】 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款音箱的一些基本信息。5．B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Theappallowsyoutoswitchsources,adjustthevolume(音量),andevenpowerthespeakeronoroffwithouthavingtogetup！(这款应用可以让你切换音源，调整音量，甚至不用起身就可以打开或关闭音箱！)”可知，HYPERBOOM音箱可以通过app操作。故选B。6．C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unfortunately,youhavetorepairthespeakerstogethereachtimeyouusetheminstereo.(不幸的是，每次以立体声方式使用扬声器时，都必须一起修理扬声器。)”可知，Urbanista令人不太满意之处是使用不便。故选C。7．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Oneuniquefeatureisthatyoucansetyourfavoriteinternetradiostationandturnitonwithasingle第68页共177页
button.(一个独特的功能是，你可以设置你最喜欢的网络电台，然后用一个按钮打开它。)”可知，如果你经常听网络电台，你可以选择NaimMu-so2无线音箱。故选D。C(2021·江苏省海安高级中学高三下期新高考模拟二)Mobilitychallenges？HelpisathandExperiencingdiminished(减弱的)mobilitycanbeextremelydifficult.Whenpeopletalkaboutit,alotofthefocusisonthephysicalconsequences,butcopingwithitsemotionalimpact-thelossoffreedom,theknocktoyourconfidenceandthefeelingsoffrustrationarejustassignificantasthephysical.MobilityscootersTherearevariousresourcesandmobilityaidsouttherethatcanhelp-wheelchair,mobilityscooterorwalkingaid,etc.Ifyoustruggletowalk,butneedtotravellongdistances,amobilityscootermightbeabetterchoice.OnethatyoushouldconsideristheeFOLDiLitescooter,theWorld’slightestfoldingmobilityscooterfromSunTech.MakingtraveleasierItcanbetransportedeasilyinacaroronaplanesoyounolongerhavetofacetravelrestrictionsandyoucanenjoyyourfreedommuchmoreasitisextremelyportable,easytouseandsuperlightweight—atonly15kg—it’stheperfecttravelandmobilitycompanion.Userscanunfoldthescooterinsecondsandit’spackedfullofbeneficialfeaturesthatwillimproveyourdaytodayjourneysandmaketravellingmoreaccessibleforyou.Pre-orderSupportersofthecampaigncanpre-orderaneFOLDiLiteonKickstarterforasuperearlybirdpriceof￡1,200whichis50%ofthefutureretailprice,plusa￡80shippingcost.Thecampaignendson11thFebruary2021．FormoreinformationabouteFOLDiLite,visithttp：//reservefold.com/？scooter＝exclusive.8．Whyarethepsychologicaleffectsofdiminishedmobilitymentionedatthebeginning?A．Tointroducethetopicofdiminishedmobility.B．ToprovidemoreknowledgeabouteFOLDiLite.C．Todrawpeople’sattentiontopsychologicalhealth.D．ToattractmorepotentialcustomersofeFOLDiLite.9．WhichofthefollowingistheadvantageofeFOLDiLite?A．Itcanbeunfoldedwithcertainhelp.B．Itcanridyouoftravelrestrictions.C．Itcanbechargedquicklyandeasily.D．Itismoresuitableforalongjourney.10．HowmuchwillyoupayatleastwhenorderingtheproductontheInternet?A．￡1,280． B．￡600．C．￡2,480． D．￡1,240．第68页共177页
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上最轻的一款可折叠移动滑板车。8．D 推理判断题。根据Mobilityscooters部分中的“Ifyoustruggletowalk,butneedtotravellongdistances,amobilityscootermightbeabetterchoice.OnethatyoushouldconsideristheeFOLDiLitescooter,theWorld’slightestfoldingmobilityscooterfromSunTech.(如果你走路很吃力，但需要长途旅行，机动滑板车可能是一个更好的选择。其中一个你应该考虑的是eFOLDiLite滑板车，世界上最轻的可折叠移动滑板车来自尚德)”可推知，一开始就提到了行动能力减弱的心理影响是为了吸引更多的eFOLDiLite滑板车的潜在客户。故选D。9．B 细节理解题。根据Makingtraveleasier部分中的“Itcanbetransportedeasilyinacaroronaplanesoyounolongerhavetofacetravelrestrictionsandyoucanenjoyyourfreedommuchmoreasitisextremelyportable,easytouseandsuperlightweight—atonly15kg—it’stheperfecttravelandmobilitycompanion.(它可以很容易地在汽车或飞机上运输，所以你不必面对旅行限制，你可以享受更多的自由，因为它非常便携，易于使用和超轻重量——只有15公斤——它是完美的旅行和移动伴侣。)”可知，eFOLDiLite滑板车的优势是它可以解除你的旅行限制。故选B。10．A 数字计算题。根据倒数第二段“Pre-orderSupportersofthecampaigncanpre-orderaneFOLDiLiteonKickstarterforasuperearlybirdpriceof￡1,200whichis50%ofthefutureretailprice,plusa￡80shippingcost.(该活动的预购支持者可以在Kickstarter上预购eFOLDiLite，预购价格为1200英镑，这是未来零售价的50%，外加80英镑的运费。)”可知，在网上订购产品时，你至少要付￡1200＋￡80＝￡1280。故选A。阅读理解(二) 推理判断类A(2021·福建省厦门市高三毕业班第三次质量检测)Lifecontinuallyrequiresthatwewritedownafewwordsofthanks：forholidays,meals,presentsorpeople’splaceinourhearts.However,toooften,ourmessagesendupflatorsomewhatunconvincing.Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.Tosomeextent,whatdistinguishesgreatfromcommonartisthelevelofdetailwithwhichtheworldhasbeenstudied.Atalentedartistis,firstandforemost,someonewhotakesusintothespecificsofthereasonswhyanexperienceoraplacefeltvaluable.Theydon’tmerelytellusthatspringis“nice”，theyzero_in_ontheparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness：leavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn’shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds....Someofthereasonwhygreatartistsarerareisthatourmindsarenotwellsetuptounderstandwhywefeelaswedo.Butwecanbeconfidentifourmindshavebeenaffected,thereasonswhythey’vebeensowillbesomewhere,waitingtobeuncovered.Westandtorealisethatitwasn’tsomuchthatthefoodwas“delicious”；butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn’tjust“nice”；theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetobearinaskinguswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.Thedetailswill第68页共177页
bethere,waitingforustocatchthem.Wedon’thavetobegreatartiststosendeffectivethank-younotes.Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.1．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A．Weseldomexpressgratitudebywriting.B．Weusuallyfindmessagesofthankstouching.C．Weshouldtakeacourseformessagewriting.D．Wemaydrawinspirationforthank-yousfromarts.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“zeroinon”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Leaveout. B．Clearup.C．Focuson. D．Holdback.3．HowisParagraph3developed?A．Byclassification. B．Byexample.C．Bydefinition. D．Byprocess.4．Whichwouldtheauthorrecommendtoexpressgratitude?A．Iamblessedtohavesuchawonderfulweek.B．Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.C．Thankyousomuchforyourgreatpresent.D．ThisisthemostdeliciousdinnerI’veeverhad.【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。作者认为在表达感谢时应该找到并紧紧抓住两三个非常详细的理由。1．D 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Tomakeourmessagesmoreeffective,wemighttakealessonfromthehistoryofart.(为了使我们的信息更有效，我们可以从艺术史上吸取教训)”可知，我们可以从艺术中得到写感谢信的灵感。故选D。2．C 词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的“leavesthathavethesoftnessofanewborn’shands,thecontrastbetweenawarmsunandasharpbreeze,thesoftcryofbabyblackbirds...(树叶有新生儿的手的柔软，温暖的太阳和刺骨的微风的对比，小黑鸟轻柔的叫声……)”可知，“theparticularcontributingfactorstothisniceness(造成这种美好的特殊因素)”就是指树叶有新生儿的手的柔软，温暖的太阳和刺骨的微风的对比，小黑鸟轻柔的叫声等等，再根据最后一句中的“Theydon’tmerelytellusthatspringis’nice’(他们不仅仅告诉我们春天很好)”可知，此处是指他们不仅仅只说春天很好，还专注在描写细节上，告诉我们因为什么春天很好。所以“zeroinon”意为“专注于”。故选C。3．B 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Butwecanbeconfidentifourmindshavebeenaffected,thereasonswhythey’vebeensowillbesomewhere,waitingtobeuncovered.(但我们可以相信，如果我们的思想受到了影响，那么受到影响的原因将在某个地方，等待被发现。)”和第三段最后一句“Thedetailswillbethere,waitingforustocatchthem.(细节会在那里，等着我们抓住它们。)”可知，第二句和最后一句前后呼应，第三句和第四句“Westandtorealise第68页共177页
thatitwasn’tsomuchthatthefoodwas’delicious’；butthatthepotatoesinparticularhadacharmingrosemaryandgarlicflavour.Afriendwasn’tjust’nice’；theybroughtinahugelysensitiveandgeneroustonetobearinaskinguswhatithadbeenlikeforuswhenwesuffered.(我们会意识到，食物并不是那么美味；但土豆特别有迷迭香和大蒜的香味。朋友不仅仅是“好”的；当我们遭受苦难时，他们带着一种非常敏感和慷慨的语气问我们怎么样。)”是在对此举例。由此可知，第三段是通过举例来论证观点。故选B。4．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Wejustneedtolocateandholdontightlytotwoorthreehighlydetailedreasonsforourgratitude.(我们只需要找到并紧紧抓住两三个非常详细的理由来表达我们的感激之情。)”可知，作者认为在表达感谢时应该找到并紧紧抓住两三个非常详细的理由，所以选项B.Yourcaringandwarmsmilelightsupmyday.(你的关怀和温暖的微笑照亮了我的一天。)属于这种详细的理由，作者会推荐选项B。故选B。B(2021·宁夏石嘴山市高考二模)AWildChild’sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalsFromNewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorMillieMarottacomesthisgorgeouscelebrationoftheanimalkingdom.Highlighting43endangeredspecies,thebooktakesreadersonatriparoundtheworldwhilelearningaboutrareandwell-knownanimalsandtheirhabitats.MarcovaldoMarcovaldoisacollectionof20shortstorieswrittenbyItaloCalvino.DescribingthelifeofapoorruralmanlivinginnorthernItaly,thestoriesunfoldaccordingtotheseasonalcycleofayear.Commonthemesinthestoriesincludepollution,failureandpoverty.TheArtofMondoOvertheyears,Mondohasreceivedglobalrecognitionforitsincredibleartpostersthatbringtolifeclassicfilms,televisionshows,andcomicssuchasJurassicPark.Forthefirsttime,TheArtofMondobringstogetherthishighlysought-afterartinonevolumethatshowcasestheincrediblecreativityofthestudio’sartistswhosevastlydifferentstylesareunitedbyoneguidingprinciple：limitlesspassionfortheirsubjectmatters.TheComingoftheThirdReichThereisnostoryin20th-centuryhistorymoreimportanttounderstandthanHitler’srisetopowerandthecollapse(坍塌)ofcivilizationinNaziGermany.TheComingoftheThirdReich,byRichardEvans,offersamasterfulcombinationofacademicwork,importantnewresearchandinterpretations.PatriarchyandCapitalismChizukoUeno,aleadingJapanesesociologist,feministcriticandpublicintellectual,hasbeenapioneerinwomen’sstudiesandtheauthorofmanybooks,includingPatriarchyandCapitalism.5．Whichbookwillyouchooseifyouareinterestedinart?A．Marcovaldo. B．TheArtofMondo.第68页共177页
C．TheComingoftheThirdReich D．PatriarchyandCapitalism.6．Whocaresaboutwomen’srightsandinterests?A．MillieMarotta. B．ItaloCalvino.C．RichardEvans. D．ChizukoUeno.7．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tointroduceartforms.B．Torememberfivewriters.C．Torecommendqualitybooks.D．Tocomparedifferentcultures.【语篇解读】 这是一应用文。文章主要介绍了五本值得阅读的书籍，并分别介绍了每本书的大概内容。5．B 推理判断题。根据“TheArtofMondo”部分内容“Overtheyears,Mondohasreceivedglobalrecognitionforitsincredibleartpostersthatbringtolifeclassicfilms,televisionshows,andcomicssuchasJurassicPark.Forthefirsttime,TheArtofMondobringstogetherthishighlysought-afterartinonevolumethatshowcasestheincrediblecreativityofthestudio’sartistswhosevastlydifferentstylesareunitedbyoneguidingprinciple：limitlesspassionfortheirsubjectmatters.(多年来，Mondo以其令人难以置信的艺术海报获得了全球的认可，这些海报把经典电影、电视剧以及《侏罗纪公园》等漫画表现得栩栩如生。TheArtofMondo首次将这一备受追捧的艺术汇集在一本书中，展示了工作室艺术家们难以置信的创造力，他们的风格迥异，但却被一个指导原则所统一：对主题的无限热情)”可知，“TheArtofMondo”这本书中把Mondo所创作的艺术海报汇集起来，展示了工作室艺术家们难以置信的创造力，也就是说，这本书与艺术相关。由此可推断出，如果你对艺术感兴趣，你可以选“TheArtofMondo”。故选B。6．D 细节理解题。根据“PatriarchyandCapitalism”部分内容“ChizukoUeno,aleadingJapanesesociologist,feministcriticandpublicintellectual,hasbeenapioneerinwomen’sstudiesandtheauthorofmanybooks,includingPatriarchyandCapitalism.(上野千鹤子是日本著名的社会学家、女权主义批评家和公共知识分子，是女性研究的先驱，著有《父权制与资本主义》等多部著作)”可知，“PatriarchyandCapitalism”这本书的作者ChizukoUeno是日本著名的女权主义批评家，是女性研究的先驱。由此可知，关心妇女权益的人是“PatriarchyandCapitalism”的作者ChizukoUeno。故选D。7．C 写作意图题。通读文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了五本值得阅读的书籍，分别是AWildChild’sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals,Marcovaldo,TheArtofMondo,TheComingoftheThirdReich和PatriarchyandCapitalism，并分别介绍了每本书的大概内容。由此可推断出，这篇文章的主要目的是推荐优质的书籍。故选C。C(2021·江西九校高三一模)第68页共177页
Inthismostunusualyear,thegiftofgivingwillfeelespeciallygood.Thesetipscanhelpmaketheseasonmerryandbrightforeveryone.What’sDifferentThisYearHotTicketItemsMayBeExtraHot：Somecompanieshavescaledbacktheirholidayorderingthisyeartotriminventory,sopopularproductsmightselloutfast—instoresandonline.Soifyouseeagoodpriceforanitemonyourlist,besuretograbit.AndplantoshipgiftsatleasttwoweeksbeforeChristmasEve.OnlineSalesWillStartEarlyThisyear,itmaybemorelikeCyberSeason,withonlinepromotionsandsalesstartingrightafterHalloween.Withconcernsaboutcrowds,retailerswilllikelysavealotoftheirinventoryforonlinesales.Toavoidparkinglotchaos,trytopickupyourpurchasesfirstthinginthemorningorlaterintheevening,whenwaittimesshouldbeshorter.OutletsAreOnlineTooIfoneofyourholidayshoppingtraditionsisatriptotheoutlets,youcanstillexperiencethethrillofthebargainhunt—fromhome.Shoppremiumoutlets.comisthevirtualversionofthecountry’slargestoutletcompany.Insomeways,it’sevenbetterthananin-persontripbecauseyoucanshopbyitemorcategoryandimmediatelyseewhatdifferentretailershaveinstock,ratherthangoingstoretostore.WhentoShopNotonThanksgiving：Manystoresthatopenedtheirdoorsontheholidaylastyearhaveannouncedthattheywillbeclosedthisyear.Oneupsideforshoppersisrock-bottompricesassomestoresliquidate(清仓)．Thedownsides：Theymightnotbearoundifyouneedtoreturnsomethingoruseagiftcard.Inotherwords：Bankruptcybuyersbeware.8．Whichisthebesttimetosendgifts?A．October30． B．December9．C．December15． D．December24．9．Whatcanwelearnaboutholidayshoppingthisyear?A．Shopperscanonlybuyitemsonline.B．ShoppingonThanksgivingisthebestchoice.C．Popularproductsmightselloutfastonlyinstores.D．ShoppersmayseeagoodpriceforanitemrightafterHalloween.10．Whowillbemostinterestedinthispassage?A．Peoplewhoaremoney-less.B．Peoplewholikeshoppingathome.C．Peoplewhoareretailers.D．Peoplewhoarefondofbargains.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是给购物者购买礼品的一些建议。8．B 细节理解题。根据文章What’sDifferentThisYear中的“AndplantoshipgiftsatleasttwoweeksbeforeChristmasEve.(至少在圣诞前夜的两周前把礼物寄出去。)”第68页共177页
并根据常识可知，圣诞节前夜是12月24日，所以选项B的12月9日时间最为接近。故选B。9．D 细节理解题。根据文章OnlineSalesWillStartEarly中的“Thisyear,itmaybemorelikeCyberSeason,withonlinepromotionsandsalesstartingrightafterHalloween.Withconcernsaboutcrowds,retailerswilllikelysavealotoftheirinventoryforonlinesales.(今年可能更像网络季，网上促销和促销活动在万圣节后马上开始。出于对人群的担忧，零售商可能会节省大量库存用于网上销售。)”可知，万圣节过后，购物者就能看到商品的好价钱。故选D。10．D 推理判断题。根据文章OutletsAreOnlineToo中的“Ifoneofyourholidayshoppingtraditionsisatriptotheoutlets,youcanstillexperiencethethrillofthebargainhunt—fromhome.(如果你的假日购物习惯之一是去商店购物，你仍然可以在家里体验到买便宜货的刺激。)”和WhentoShop中的“Oneupsideforshoppersisrock-bottompricesassomestoresliquidate(清仓)．(对购物者来说，一个好处是随着一些商店清算，价格会降到最低。)”可推断，喜欢便宜货的人将对本文感兴趣。故选D。阅读理解(三) 词句猜测类A(2021·四川省南充市高三下学期第三次适应性考试)Facialrecognitiontechnologyisalreadywidelyusedbygovernmentsandsomeadvertisingcompanies.Thetechnologyusesmachinelearningtoolstosearchforfacesinanattempttoidentifypeople.Inarecentstudyscientistsannouncedtheyhaddevelopedmachinelearningtoolstotrackthefacesofindividualwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)．DanSchofieldsaidthatthesystemwasdevelopedtoimprovethequalityofinformationcollectedaboutchimpanzeesinthewildoveralongperiodoftime.“Forspecieslikechimpanzees,whichhavecomplexsociallivesandliveformanyyears,gettingsnapshotsoftheirbehaviorfromshort-termfieldresearchcanonlytellussomuch，”Schofieldsaid.Theresearcherswantedtogetamorecompleteunderstandingofthelivesofthechimpanzeesbystudyingthemoverseveralgenerations.Butdoingthiswouldhaverequiredsearchingthroughhundredsofhoursofvideorecordingsofchimpanzeesinthewild.TheresearchersrecordedtheactivitiesofagroupofchimpanzeesthatlivedintheWestAfricannationofGuinea.Afacialrecognitioncomputermodelwastrainedusingmorethan10millionimagesoftheanimals.Themodelwasthenusedtosearch,recognizeandtrackindividualchimpanzees.Thesystemwasabletoidentifyindividualchimpanzeescorrectlyabout92percentofthetime.Itsuccessfullyidentifiedtheanimals’sex96percentofthetime.Thestudyincludedanexperimentwithhumanstoseehowtheycouldperformagainstthemachinelearningsysteminmakingidentifications.Thehumanpersonswereabletocorrectlyidentifyindividualchimpanzeesabout42percentofthetime.Themachinelearningtoolwasmuchfasteratcompletingtheexperiment.Humanexpertstookabout55minutes,whilethecomputertookonlyseconds.Theresearcherssaytheyarepermittingotherscientiststousethesystemforsimilar第68页共177页
projects.Theyhopethemethodwillbeusedwithotherspeciestorecordanimalbehaviorandmonitordifferentanimalpopulationsintheenvironment.1．WhatcanweinferfromSchofield’swords?A．Researchingchimpanzeesneedsmoreinformation.B．Chimpanzeescanliveaslongashumans.C．Chimpanzeesliketogetsnapshotstoo.D．Short-termfieldresearchprovidesmoreinformation.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”referto?A．Recordingthechimpanzeesinthewild.B．Studyingchimpanzeesoverseveralyears.C．Understandingthelivesofthechimpanzeescompletely.D．Gettingsnapshotsofchimpanzees’behavior.3．Whatdidtheexperimentwithhumansproveinthestudy?A．Humansmakemoreaccurateidentifications.B．Themachinelearningsystemismoreeffective.C．Humanscan’tidentifytheanimals’sexcorrectly.D．Machinelearningtoolstakealittlemoretimeinidentification.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．FacialrecognitionforanimalsisbecomingpopularB．FacialrecognitionishelpinganimalsliveinthewildC．FacialrecognitionplaysaroleinraisinganimalsD．Facialrecognitionisusedtoidentifyandfollowanimals【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍面部识别技术，它用来识别和跟踪动物。1．A 推理判断题。根据第二段中“DanSchofieldsaidthatthesystemwasdevelopedtoimprovethequalityofinformationcollectedaboutchimpanzeesinthewildoveralongperiodoftime.(丹·斯科菲尔德说，开发这个系统是为了提高长期以来收集到的野生黑猩猩信息的质量。)”从Schofield的话里可推知，研究黑猩猩需要更多的信息。故选A。2．C 代词指代题。根据第四段第一句“Theresearcherswantedtogetamorecompleteunderstandingofthelivesofthechimpanzeesbystudyingthemoverseveralgenerations.(研究人员希望通过几代人的研究来更全面地了解黑猩猩的生活。)”由此推知，下句中的this指代的是“完全了解黑猩猩的生活。”故选C。3．B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thehumanpersonswereabletocorrectlyidentifyindividualchimpanzeesabout42percentofthetime.Themachinelearningtoolwasmuchfasteratcompletingtheexperiment.Humanexpertstookabout55minutes,whilethecomputertookonlyseconds.(人类识别黑猩猩个体的正确率约为42%。机器学习工具完成实验的速度要快得多。人类专家花了55分钟，而计算机只花了几秒钟。)”由此可知，机器学习系统更有效。故选B。第68页共177页
4．D 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第二段“Inarecentstudyscientistsannouncedtheyhaddevelopedmachinelearningtoolstotrackthefacesofindividualwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)．(在最近的一项研究中，科学家们宣布他们已经开发出了机器学习工具来追踪野生黑猩猩个体的面部。)”由此可知，“面部识别被用来识别和跟踪动物的”为短文最佳标题。故选D。B(2021·贵州省贵阳市高三下学期适应性考试(二))Theminimalistlifestyleneedstobeconsideredonlyafterweownmorethanweneed.Nowadays,therapiddevelopmentofthesocietyhasbroughtalotofwealthandmaterialpossessions,whichhasbecomeaburdenformany.Inaddition,thefast-pacedlifewehavetodaymakesusbusierthanever.Therefore,Ithinkaminimalistlifestyleisnecessarytohelppeopleeasetheirburdenandfocusonthebestpartoflife.AlthoughI’mnotastrictpractitionerofminimalism,Idobenefitalotfromasimplerlife.WhenIgotemployedin2018,Iwastedmysalariesonlotsofclothes,shoes,cosmetics,booksandfoodtoenrichmylife.However,pilesofthingsmademyroommessyandalotofstuffthingshadtobethrownawayunused.Aboutoneyearago,IlaidmyhandsonabooknamedDanshari,whichencouragespeopletocutoutorthrowawayunnecessarythings.Followingtheinstructions,Istartedtochangemylifestyleandsurprisinglyfoundoutthatmylifeismuchbetterwithless.AnotherbadhabitIhaveworkedhardtochangeisspendingtoomuchtimeonmyphoneandiPadasameanstofreemyselffromtheworkstress.Alotofmyvaluabletimewaswastedonvarioustime-killingappswhichdidn’tdomuchgoodtomyself-improvement.Adoptingasimplelifecanbeabitchallengingandneedsconstanteffort.HerearesometipsIfindhelpful.First,concentrateonthingsthatarereallyimportantandmeaningful.Second,accesstoinformationshouldbesimpleandwell-targeted；readingbooksisagoodalternativetomeaninglesssocialinteractionandtime-killingapps.Third,purchasefewergoodswithbetterqualityandtidyupyourroomregularly.Aminimalistlifestyleisn’tequaltoausterity(朴素)．It’sahabitwecanformtosimplifyourlife.Withlessdesirebothmateriallyandmentally,therewillbemoreroomforself-improvement,happinessandinnerfulfillment.5．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartmeaninParagraph3?A．Recommended. B．Remembered.C．Wrote. D．Read.6．Whatdoesaminimalistlifestylemean?A．Buyingalotofthingswelike.B．Concentratingourselvesonthejobs.C．Formingahabitofsimplelife.D．Spendingmoretimeusingapps.7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．WealthIsLess B．MessIsSimple第68页共177页
C．MoreIsHappiness D．LessIsMore【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了极简主义的生活方式，作者以自己的情况为例，说明越多的物质财富就给人越重的负担，更少的物质追求，会让精神和思想更加富足。5．D 词句猜测题。根据画线词下一句“whichencouragespeopletocutoutorthrowawayunnecessarythings.(这本书鼓励人们减少或扔掉不必要的东西。)”以及下文“Followingtheinstructions,Istartedtochangemylifestyleandsurprisinglyfoundoutthatmylifeismuchbetterwithless.(按照指示，我开始改变我的生活方式，并惊讶地发现更少的物质让我的生活更好。)”可知作者是“阅读”了这本书才有了感悟，所以短语laidmyhandson的意思是“阅读”，故选D。6．C 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Aminimalistlifestyleisn’tequaltoausterity(朴素)．It’sahabitwecanformtosimplifyourlife.(极简主义的生活方式并不等于朴素。这是我们为了简化生活而养成的习惯。)”可知极简主义的生活方式是养成简单生活的习惯，故选C。7．D 标题归纳题。根据第一段“Nowadays,therapiddevelopmentofthesocietyhasbroughtalotofwealthandmaterialpossessions,whichhasbecomeaburdenformany.(如今，社会的快速发展带来了大量的财富和物质财富，这已经成为许多人的负担。)”可知，越多的物质财富就给人越重的负担，作者在文章中以自己情况为例来说明了这个观点，结合最后一段“Aminimalistlifestyleisn’tequaltoausterity(朴素)．It’sahabitwecanformtosimplifyourlife.Withlessdesirebothmateriallyandmentally,therewillbemoreroomforself-improvement,happinessandinnerfulfillment.(极简主义的生活方式并不等于简朴。这是我们为了简化生活而养成的习惯。物质和精神上的欲望减少了，就会有更多的空间来自我完善、幸福和内心的满足。)”可知更少的物质追求，会让精神和思想更加富足，所以文章主要想表达的观点是“少即是多”，因此D项“LessIsMore”符合文章主旨，适合作为本文的标题。故选D。C(2021·新疆高三一模)OntheFather’sDaybeforemyfatherenteredanursinghome,IgavehimanElmodoll.LikethecoloredpencilsandsketchbookIboughthimayearearlier,thiswasadesperateattempttobringsomejoytomyincreasinglybedriddenfather.Yearsago,myfathersufferedastrokewhichlefthiminbedfortherestofhislife.AtthesightofElmo,mythreeeldersistersshooktheirheads,certainthatourfatherwhowasanythingbutchildishwouldnotlikeit.Sureenough,myfather,76,brokeintothatunpleasantsmilethatbarelyconcealedhisdislike.“Whatonearthisthis？”shoutedmysisters,burstingintolaughter.“DaddyknowswhyIgivehimthis，”Isaid,thinkingthattheyhadnoideawhatElmomeanttomyfather.Tomydisappointment,myfathershrugged.Howcouldhenotremember？Yearsearlier,Ihadbeeninthekitchenandheardsomethingrarefromthelivingroom：laughter.IrandownstairsandsawthatElmowasonthePBScookingshow“TheFrugalGourmet”．“Idon’t第68页共177页
knowwhatitisabouthimthatgetstome，”myfatherchokedoutbetweenlaughterandtears.“He’sjustsofunny！”Asmyfatherlayinthenursinghome,Iwouldvisithimintheevenings.Wewatchedoldmovieswiththelightsoff.Eventhoughheneveraskedforit,IbroughtElmofromhomeandputhimwheremyfathercouldseehim.Beforeleaving,IwouldtakeElmofromthedresserandplacehiminmyfather’simmobilearm.Aslightsmilewouldappearonhisface.Itneverlookedsofter.8．What’stheproblemwiththeauthor’sfather?A．Helosttheabilitytofeeljoy.B．Hebecamechildishafterthestroke.C．Hewasdisappointedwithhischildren.D．Hewasboundtostayinbedduetoanillness.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concealed”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Hid. B．Showed.C．Explained. D．Expressed.10．WhydidtheauthorgivehisfatheranElmodoll?A．Hisfatheraskedforone. B．AnElmodollonceamusedhisfather.C．Nothingbutadollmadehisfathersmile. D．Hisfathermentionedoneonthecookingshow.11．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．Thetroubleastrokecancause.B．Thedifficultytomakeafatherhappy.C．Howasimplegiftbringsjoytoafather.D．Howtochooseapropertoyforoldpeople.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文，记述了作者为病床上的父亲精心挑选小礼物，给他带去陪伴与快乐的事情。8．D 细节理解题。根据第一自然段中“Yearsago,myfathersufferedastrokewhichlefthiminbedfortherestofhislife.(几年前，我父亲患了中风，他只能在床上度过了余生。)”可知父亲因病卧床不起。故选D。9．A 词句猜测题。根据第二自然段中“Sureenough,myfather,76,brokeintothatunpleasantsmilethatbarelyconcealedhisdislike.(果然，我的父亲，76岁，突然露出了那种不愉快的微笑，难掩他的不满。)”父亲看到礼物后的反应unpleasantsmile可知他不喜欢，因此后面定语从句中“无法掩饰他的不满”。故选A。10．B 细节理解题。根据第四自然段中“Yearsearlier,Ihadbeeninthekitchen…’He’sjustsofunny！’”这一情节可知，anElmodoll曾经让父亲开怀大笑，我希望anElmodoll现在也能给他带来快乐。故选B。11．C 主旨大意题。根据第末段中“Aslightsmilewouldappearonhisface.Itneverlooked第68页共177页
softer.”(他的脸上会露出一丝微笑。它看上去从来没有这么柔软过。)可知我给父亲的Elmodoll确实给他带来了些许的快乐。这也是全文的主题：一个小小的，但用了心的礼物为父亲带来快乐。故选C。阅读理解(四) 观点态度类A(2021·河北石家庄市高三一模)Stayinguplatedoinghomeworkisalwaystiring.Andperhapswhenwebecometired,wefeeltheneedtoeatunhealthysnackfood.Recentlyscientistshavebeeninvestigatingtirednessandsnackfood.AccordingtoastudyinTheJournalofNeuroscience,peoplearemorelikelytotakesnackswhentheydon’tgetenoughsleep.Forthestudy,researchersfromUniversityofCologneinGermanygavethesamedinnerto32healthymenagedbetween19and33．Halfofthemenwerethensenthometobed,andtheotherhalfwerekeptawakeinthelaboratoryallnight.Thenextmorning,theparticipantswereaskedtoconsiderhowmuchtheywouldbewillingtopayforsnackfooditemsshowntotheminpictures.Accordingtotheresearchers,allweresimilarlyhungryinthemorning,andhadsimilarlevelsofmosthormones(荷尔蒙)andbloodsugar.However,brainscansshowedthatwhenthesleep-deprived(缺少睡眠的)participantslookedatthepicturesofjunkfood,theyreleasedmoreofthe“hungerhormone”．Thisisthehormoneresponsibleforincreasingtheappetite,andmakingusconsumemore.Askedabouthowmuchtheywouldpayforsnacks,“Participantswithsleepdeprivationweremorewillingtooverspendonfooditemsthanthosewithagoodnight’ssleep，”researcherstoldScienceDaily.Researchersalsoobservedthatamongthepeoplewhohadn’tslept,therewasgreateractivityinthepartofthebrainwherefoodrewardsareprocessed.Thescientiststhinkthatsleep-deprivedpeopleexperiencechangestothehungerhormoneandthebrain’srewardsystemthatthenleadstoastrongerdesiretoeatsnackswithhighfatandcalories.“Thisbringsusalittleclosertounderstandingthemechanism(机制)behindhowsleepdeprivationchangesfoodvaluation，”ProfessorJanPeters,aco-authorofthestudyfromtheUniversityofCologne,toldTheIndependent.Sometipsonthis：*Listentosomesoftmusictorelieveyourtiredness.*Dosomeslightexerciseforashorttimewhenyou’retired.*Eatyogurtorfruitstoreplacesnackswithhighfatandcalories.*Distanceyourselffromsnacks.1．Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Lesssleepleadstomoresnacks.第68页共177页
B．Stayinguplatedoesharmtohealth.C．Tirednessisthecauseoflesssleep.D．Weneednosnackswhenwesleep.2．Whatmakespeopleeatmorejunkfoodaccordingtothestudy?A．Bloodsugar. B．Fooditems.C．Thehungerhormone. D．Fatandcalories.3．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Peoplewholacksleepusuallyspendlessonfooditems.B．Listeningtosoftmusichelpspeoplefeelrelaxed.C．Exerciseasmuchasyoucanwhenyouaretired.D．Peoplewhosleepwellcangetfoodrewards.4．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardssnacks?A．Positive. B．Indifferent.C．Negative. D．Neutral.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。德国科隆大学的研究人员发现，晚上熬夜的人更容易吃快餐，这对健康没有好处。1．A 细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段“AccordingtoastudyinTheJournalofNeuroscience,peoplearemorelikelytotakesnackswhentheydon’tgetenoughsleep.(根据《神经科学杂志》上的一项研究，人们在睡眠不足时更有可能吃零食。)”可知，晚上熬夜会造成疲劳，而疲劳又会使人更容易吃快餐。故选A。2．C 细节理解题。根据文章第六段最后一句“Thisisthehormoneresponsibleforincreasingtheappetite,andmakingusconsumemore.(这种激素会增加食欲，让我们吃得更多。)”可知，是身体内的荷尔蒙使人产生多吃快餐的欲望。故选C。3．B 细节理解题。根据文中Sometipsonthis部分的“Listentosomesoftmusictorelieveyourtiredness.(听些轻音乐来缓解疲劳。)”可知，听轻音乐有助于缓解疲劳。故选B。4．C 观点态度题。根据文中Sometipsonthis部分的“Eatyogurtorfruitstoreplacesnackswithhighfatandcalories.(吃酸奶或者水果来代替那些高脂肪和热量的零食。)”和“Distanceyourselffromsnacks.(让你自己远离零食。)”可推知，作者不赞同人们吃零食。故选C。B(2021·江苏省扬州市高三考前调研测试)Fishtongues,harvestedbychildrenCod(鳕鱼)tongueisafamousdishinNorwayandbeyond.Around80tonsarecuteveryyearfromfishcaughtinNorway’snorthernwaters.Softerintastethanthefleshofthefish,codtonguemeltsinthemouthwithahintofsaltiness.Itisnature’sgift,saysJanErik,vice-presidentoftheNorwegianfishermen’sassociation.LivEva,a35-year-oldwhoworksforaresearchinstitute,saysthatwhenshewasagirl,menandboysdominatedthecod-tongue-cuttingtradeonLofoten,aNorwegianisland.Thisyear,she第68页共177页
washappytoseeagrandmotherandgranddaughtersellingtongues.Inotherways,however,theartoftungeskjæringhashardlychangedoverthecenturies.Thedelicateworkofremovingthetonguefromanalreadybeheaded(去头的)fishisreservedmainlyforchildren.Thepracticeservesasakindofcareerpreparationforwould-befishers,anditpayshandsomely.Thetonguesarevaluable,soanhour’sworkcanpay1,200kronor($143)；notbadifyou’resix.ModestyguidesattitudesinLofotenandothernorthernparts,soitwouldn’tbeacceptedtospendthecashonsomethingwasteful,saysLivEva.Youngsterstendtosaveupforafishingboat,acaroradepositonahome.Noteveryonegetsinvolved.Thosewithambitionskeeptheirdistance；tongue-cuttingissomethingofafisherman’sroughlife.AndcitizensinNorwaywereupsetbyarecentdocumentaryshowingthechildrenatworkintheirblood-stainedoveralls.“Childlabor！”theycried.Thegovernmentlookedintotheissue,andchosetorespecttheircultureandtradition.Abiggerthreattotheindustryisthatstocksarelow.FromApril27th,2021NorwegiancodcaughtincoastalwaterswillloseitssustainabilityratingfromtheMarineConservationCouncil,aglobalfishwatchdog.5．Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Tobringupthetopic.B．Toputforwardanargument.C．Tosetoffaconflict.D．Tobringforwardasuggestion.6．Theunderlinedphrase“theartoftungeskjæring”refersto________.A．thetastingofcodtongue B．thecuttingofcodtongueC．thecookingofcodtongue D．thedrawingofcodtongue7．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphfocuson?A．Thetraditionsofthecodtongueindustry.B．Theadvantagesofthecodtongueindustry.C．Theproblemswiththecodtongueindustry.D．Thechangesofthecodtongueindustry.8．Whatisthegovernment’sattitudetowardsthechildren’sharvestingcodtongue?A．Supportive. B．Ignorant.C．Respectful. D．Disapproving.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了挪威的一种行业——加工鳕鱼舌。5．A 推理判断题，通过文章第一段“CodtongueisafamousdishinNorwayandbeyond.Around80tonsarecuteveryyearfromfishcaughtinNorway’snorthernwaters.Softerintastethanthefleshofthefish,codtonguemeltsinthemouthwithahintof第68页共177页
saltiness.(鳕鱼舌在挪威和其他地方都很有名。每年有80吨的鱼从挪威北部海域捕捞上来。鳕鱼舌的味道比鱼肉更柔软，在口中融化有一丝咸味。)”可知，本段讲到挪威美食鳕鱼舌的烹饪方法、入口即化的口感、每年的畅销量等。这一切信息都是要引出本文后续的话题：挪威鳕鱼舌这道美食的加工行业的相关传统和当代所要面临的危机。故选A。6．B 词句猜测题。根据画线句下文“hashardlychangedoverthecenturies(几个世纪以来，几乎没有改变)”以及“Thedelicateworkofremovingthetonguefromanalreadybeheadedfishisreservedmainlyforchildren.Thepracticeservesasakindofcareerpreparationforwould-befishers,anditpayshandsomely.Thetonguesarevaluable,soanhour’sworkcanpay1,200kronor($143)；notbadifyou’resix.ModestyguidesattitudesinLofotenandothernorthernparts,soitwouldn’tbeacceptedtospendthecashonsomethingwasteful,saysLivEva.Youngsterstendtosaveupforafishingboat,acaroradepositonahome.(把已经被砍头的鱼的舌头割下来这种精细的工作主要是留给儿童的。这种做法为未来的渔民提供了一种职业准备，而且回报丰厚。这些舌头很值钱，所以一小时的工作可以赚到1200克朗(143美元)；对于六岁的孩子来说还不错。LivEva说，在罗浮登和其他北部地区，人们的态度是谦虚的，所以把钱花在浪费的东西上是不会被接受的。年轻人倾向于存钱买渔船、买车或买房。)”可知，本段讲的这个挪威鳕鱼割舌行业几个世纪以来没什么变化，划线短语所在的句子为第三段的主题句，可推知，划线的部分的挪威语应该是割鳕鱼舌的意思。故选B。7．A 推理判断题。通过文章第三句首句“Inotherways,however,theartoftungeskjæringhashardlychangedoverthecenturies.(然而，在其他方面，数百年来割鳕鱼舌的工作几乎没有改变。)”可知，挪威鳕鱼割舌行业几个世纪以来几乎没有什么变化。通过下文“Thedelicateworkofremovingthetonguefromanalreadybeheadedfishisreservedmainlyforchildren.Thepracticeservesasakindofcareerpreparationforwould-befishers,anditpayshandsomely.Thetonguesarevaluable,soanhour’sworkcanpay1,200kronor($143)；notbadifyou’resix.(把已经被砍头的鱼的舌头割下来这种精细的工作主要是留给儿童的。这种做法为未来的渔民提供了一种职业准备，而且回报丰厚。这些舌头很值钱，所以一小时的工作可以赚到1200克朗(143美元)；对于六岁的孩子来说还不错。)”可推知，割鳕鱼舌工作佣金比较高，还可以雇佣孩子，给他们挣钱的机会；而且，鳕鱼割舌工作被认为是成为渔民之前的实习经历，是孩子长大后成为渔民的重要经历。综合以上内容，第三段基本在介绍挪威鳕鱼割舌行业的传统。故选A。8．C 观点态度题。通过文章最后一段“AndcitizensinNorwaywereupsetbyarecentdocumentaryshowingthechildrenatworkintheirblood-stainedoveralls.’Childlabor！’theycried.Thegovernmentlookedintotheissue,andchosetorespecttheircultureandtradition.(而挪威公民对最近一部纪录片感到不安，该纪录片显示，孩子们穿着血迹斑斑的工作服上班。“童工！”他们喊道。政府调查了这个问题，并选择尊重他们的文化和传统。)”可推知，挪威鳕鱼割舌行业雇佣童工的现象曝光后，政府介入调查，但出于对这个传统行业和文化的尊重，政府没有追究和惩罚其非法性，他们对儿童捕捞鳕鱼舌的态度是尊重。故选C。C第68页共177页
(2021·山西省阳泉市高三第三次教学质量检测三模)Inthe17thcentury,theNetherlandsexperiencedaperiodofartisticprosperityknownastheDutchGoldenAge.Duringthisera,enlightenedartistsfoundinspirationinNorthernRenaissancepaintingtechniques,resultinginmasterpieceslikeGirlWithaPearlEarringbyJohannesVermeer(约翰内斯·维米尔)．Knownasthe“MonaLisaoftheNorth，”thispaintingrepresentsthebestofDutchart.ThoughGirlWithaPearlEarringiscoveredinmystery,ithasbecomeoneofarthistory’smostbelovedpaintings.Specializingingenrepainting—atypeofartthatemploysscenesofeverydaylifeasitssubject—DutchartistJohannesVermeerisfamousforhisdepictions(描绘)ofcontemporaryDelft,acityinHollandwheretheartistwasborn,lived,anddied.Specifically,heisknownforhisdepictionsofdomesticinteriorsandportraitsofwomen,likethefigurefeaturedinGirlwithaPearlEarring.VermeerpaintedGirlwithaPearlEarringaround1665,whichisVermeer’smostwell-knownworkofart.However,itdidnotattaininternationalfameatitstimeofcompletion.Thatcameaboutattheendofthe20thcentury,whenitwasfeaturedinaspecialexhibitionattheNationalGalleryofArtinWashington,D．C.GirlwithaPearlEarringshowsayoungwomansittingbeforeadarkbackdrop.Thisstarkandshallowbackgroundbeautifullycontraststhefigure’scream-coloredskinandhalfcrystaleyes,whicharefixedontheviewer.Inadditiontoanelegantblueandyellowturban(女用头巾),shewearsalarge,tear-shapedpearlearring.Onthesurface,thisdepictionsseemstohavetheclassiccharacteristicsofaportrait,butitisactuallyknownasatronie(十七世纪荷兰的一种风俗肖像画)anddoesnotrefertoaspecificpersonorplace.Today,GirlwithaPearlEarringremainsoneofthemostfamouspaintingsintheworld.“WhenyouthinkabouttheMonaLisa,sheisalsolookingatus,butsheisn’tengaging—sheissittingbackinthepainting,self-contained，”TracyChevalier,theauthoroftheNewYorkTimesbestsellinghistoricalnovel,GirlwithaPearlEarring,pointsout.“WhereasGirlwithaPearlEarringisrightthere—thereisnothingbetweenherandus.Shehasthismagicalqualityofbeingremarkablyopenandyetmysteriousatthesametime—andthatiswhatmakeshersoappealing.”9．WhatcanwelearnaboutVermeerfromthetext?第68页共177页
A．Vermeerattainedinternationalfameexactlyin1665．B．VermeerlearnedalotfromthepaintingMonaLisa.C．Vermeershowedhisworksattheendofthe20thcentury.D．VermeerpaintedGirlwithaPearlEarringaround1665．10．Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsthepaintingGirlWithaPearlEarring?A．Indifferent. B．Ambiguous.C．Objective. D．Conservative.11．WhycouldJohannesVermeercreatethefamouspaintingGirlWithaPearlEarring?A．HefoundinspirationinNorthernRenaissancepaintingtechniques.B．Hestudiedtheadvancedpaintingtechniquesinhischildhood.C．Hewasreallyfamousforthevividdepictionsofhishometown.D．Hehadanefficientcommunicationwiththepeopleinhishometown.12．Whatdoesthefifthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Basicbackground. B．Subjectmatter.C．Magicalquality. D．Paintingtechniques.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了约翰内斯·维米尔的名作《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》的相关情况。9．D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“VermeerpaintedGirlwithaPearlEarringaround1665,whichisVermeer’smostwell-knownworkofart.(Vermeer在1665年左右画了《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》，这是维米尔最著名的艺术作品。)”因此，从这篇文章里我们可以了解到，维米尔在1665年左右画了《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》。故选D。10．C 观点态度题。根据第一段“Duringthisera,enlightenedartistsfoundinspirationinNorthernRenaissancepaintingtechniques,resultinginmasterpieceslikeGirlWithaPearlEarringbyJohannesVermeer.(这个时代，开明的艺术家们从北方文艺复兴时期的绘画技巧中获得灵感，创作出了像约翰内斯·维米尔的名作《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》。)”再结合第三段“Specifically,heisknownforhisdepictionsofdomesticinteriorsandportraitsofwomen,likethefigurefeaturedinGirlwithaPearlEarring.(具体来说，他以描绘家庭内部和女性肖像而闻名，比如《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》中的人物。)”以及第五段“GirlwithaPearlEarringshowsayoungwomansittingbeforeadarkbackdrop.Thisstarkandshallowbackgroundbeautifullycontraststhefigure’scream-coloredskinandhalfcrystaleyes,whicharefixedontheviewer.(《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》展示了一个年轻女子坐在黑暗的背景前。这一鲜明而浅薄的背景与人物的米色皮肤和半水晶般的眼睛形成了鲜明的对比，眼睛紧盯着观看者。)”等对这幅画的描述可以看出是客观的，不带有任何个人感情色彩，因此最能描述作者对《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》的态度的词是客观的，故选C。第68页共177页
11．A 细节理解题。根据第一段“Duringthisera,enlightenedartistsfoundinspirationinNorthernRenaissancepaintingtechniques,resultinginmasterpieceslikeGirlWithaPearlEarringbyJohannesVermeer.(这个时代，开明的艺术家们从北方文艺复兴时期的绘画技巧中获得灵感，创作出了像约翰内斯·维米尔的名作《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》。)”因此可以看出，约翰内斯·弗米尔能创造出著名绘画《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》的原因是他从北方文艺复兴时期的绘画技巧中得到灵感。故选A。12．B 主旨大意题。根据第五段“GirlwithaPearlEarringshowsayoungwomansittingbeforeadarkbackdrop.Thisstarkandshallowbackgroundbeautifullycontraststhefigure’scream-coloredskinandhalfcrystaleyes,whicharefixedontheviewer.(《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》展示了一个年轻女子坐在黑暗的背景前。这一鲜明而浅薄的背景与人物的米色皮肤和半水晶般的眼睛形成了鲜明的对比，眼睛紧盯着观看者。)”等对这幅画的描述可以看出第五段主要讲的是这幅画的主要内容，也就是主题，故选B。阅读理解(五) 写作意图类A(2021·福建省武平县第一中学高三一模)TheStateofColoradohasfourofthebestparksoutofthe58nationalparksintheUnitedStates.Theparkshavesomeofthebestsceneryofallthenationalparks.BlackCanyon(峡谷)ofGunnisonNationalParkThisparkoffersthemostbreathtakingviewsfromupinthemountainsintothecanyonsbelow.Whileexploringthecanyons,youwillfindthatthewallsdropnearlystraightdownintothenarrowvalleysofthesnake-likeriversbelow.Visitorsareofferedmorethan100campingsites,andalotofbirdspeciesandmanyanimalsarenativetothearea.RockyMountainNationalParkItistheonlynationalparkinthenorthcentralregioninthestateofColorado.Elevationsinthisparkareanywherefrom8,000feetto14,259feetatthetopofLongsPeak.WhiletravelingthroughoutthisparkyouwillnoticetwoverydifferentclimatesbecauseofthedifferencetheupperpeaksoftheRockyMountainsmake.Youcanenjoy359milesofhikingtrails,alotofplacesforcamping,horse-backridingandbeautifulscenery.MesaVerdeNationalParkThisisprobablythemostinterestingnationalpark,offeringafascinatingtripbackintimeto600ADupto1300AD.Thisparkwasdeclaredaprotectednationalparkin1906becauseofthecliffdwellings(住所)thatwerefoundthroughoutthearea,whichwereoncehometoAmericanIndians.Manyofthesedwellingscanbewalkedthrough,whileyouimaginewhateachroommayhavebeenusedforsomanyyearsago.GreatSandDunes(沙丘)NationalParkTheGreatSanddunesNationalParkliesinsouthcentralColorado,about127milesfromPueblo.ThisparkhasthetallestsanddunesinallofNorthAmericaandhastrailsforhiking.Thenaturalsandybeachesaroundthesmallriversandlakesaregoodforswimmers.1．What’sthemostbreathtakingthingintheBlackCanyonofGunnisonNationalPark?第68页共177页
A．Theanimals. B．Thewalls.C．Therivers. D．Thecampingsites.2．IntheRockyMountainNationalPark，touristsmayNOTbeableto________.A．gosightseeing B．boatC．rideahorse D．camp3．Ifyouareinterestedinhistory，youareadvisedtovisit________.A．theRockyMountainNationalParkB．theBlackCanyonofGunnisonNationalParkC．theGreatSandDunesNationalParkD．theMesaVerdeNationalPark4．What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．PersuadingpeopletovisitColoradowhileinAmerica.B．ShowingpeoplewhichparkisthebestofthefourinColorado.C．IntroducingthebestfourparksinColoradotopeople.D．TellingpeoplesometravelinginformationinColorado.【语篇解读】 本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了美国科罗拉多州四个最好的国家公园。1．B 细节理解题。根据BlackCanyon(峡谷)ofGunnisonNationalPark部分中的“Thisparkoffersthemostbreathtakingviewsfromupinthemountainsintothecanyonsbelow.Whileexploringthecanyons,youwillfindthatthewallsdropnearlystraightdownintothenarrowvalleysofthesnake-likeriversbelow.(这个公园提供了从山上到下面峡谷的最令人惊叹的景色。在探索峡谷的过程中，你会发现墙壁几乎直直地伸向下面蜿蜒的河流所形成的狭窄山谷。)”可知，在甘尼森国家公园的黑峡谷中，最令人惊叹的是那些墙壁。故选B。2．B 细节理解题。根据RockyMountainNationalPark部分中的“Youcanenjoy359milesofhikingtrails,alotofplacesforcamping,horse-backridingandbeautifulscenery.(你可以享受359英里的徒步旅行路线、很多露营的地方、骑马和美丽的风景。)”可知，落基山国家公园没有给游客提供划船活动。故选B。3．D 细节理解题。根据MesaVerdeNationalPark部分中的“Thisisprobablythemostinterestingnationalpark,offeringafascinatingtripbackintimeto600ADupto1300AD.(这可能是最有趣的国家公园，该公园提供一次时间从公元600年到公元1300年的迷人旅程。)”可知，如果你对历史有兴趣，建议你参观theMesaVerdeNationalPark。故选D。4．C 写作意图题。根据第一段“TheStateofColoradohasfourofthebestparksoutofthe58nationalparksintheUnitedStates.Theparkshavesomeofthebestsceneryofallthenationalparks.(在美国58个国家公园中，科罗拉多州有四个最好的公园。这些公园里有所有国家公园中最美的一些风景。)”及对四个公园的具体介绍可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是向人们介绍科罗拉多州最好的四个公园。故选C。B(2021·广西南宁市高三一模)第68页共177页
InrecentyearscomputerscientistshavecomeupwithseveraldifferentwaysofcreatingfalsevideosofpeopleusingArtificialIntelligence(AI)．Thesevideosareusuallycalled“deepfakes”．Somedeepfakesworkbyputtingthefaceofonepersonontoadifferentpersoninavideo.Othersworkbytakinganexistingvideoofapersonandchangingitsothatthepersonsaysordoessomethingtheydidn’tsayordo.Atfirst,creatingdeepfakeswascomplex.Itrequiredspecialknowledge,hundredsofpicturesofthepersonwhowasbeingfaked,andlotsoftime.Nowit’smuchsimpler.Therearewebsitesandappsthatallowalmostanyonetocreatedeepfakes.Anapprecentlycameoutwhichalloweduserstoputtheirfacesintofamousmoviescenes.Theprocesstakesabouteightseconds,requiresonepicture,andcanbedoneonamobilephone.Onegroupofcomputerscientistscreatedaprogramthatallowedthemtoeditthewordscomingoutofsomeone’smouthinavideojustlikeyoumighteditadocumentonthecomputer.It’sonethingtoswapthefacesoffamousactors.Butwhathappensifsomeoneputsoutafakevideoofapolitician,forexample,makingitlookliketheybrokethelaw？There’salsotheproblemofthetimeittakestofigureoutthatsomethingisfake.Evenifavideoisproventobefake,itcouldbetoolate.Millionsofpeoplemighthavealreadyseenandbelievedit.Ontheotherhand,whathappensifavideoisactuallyreal,butpeopledon’ttrustitbecausethey’retoldit’sadeepfake?ManydeepfakesaresogoodthatonlyanotherAIsystemcantellthatthey’refake.ExpertsareworkinghardtocreatenewAItoolsthatcanidentifyfakedvideos.Manypeopleareconfidentthatpeoplecandefeatdeepfakessoon.However,personally,itisverychallengingbecausethistechnologyhasalwaysfallenbehindthedeepfakes.5．Whatcanbelearntaboutdeepfakes?A．Theyareallmadebyapps.B．Theyareimprovingrapidly.C．Theyaremainlyusedtojoke.D．They’lllosepopularitysoon.6．WhatdoesParagraph3focusonaboutdeepfakes?A．Theanxietiesraisedbythem.B．Theresultscausedbythem.C．Thewaysofmakingthem.D．Thedoubtsaboutthem.7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetodevelopingAItoolstorecognizedeepfakes?A．Optimistic. B．Supportive.C．Disapproving. D．Uncertain.8．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．TorecommendnewAItools.B．ToexplaintheimportanceofAI.C．Todescribeatechnologytrend.第68页共177页
D．Tostresstechnologyrevolutions.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近年来，科学家想出了几种不同的方法来制作人工智能虚假视频，这些视频通常被称为“换脸”，许多人非常担心这种技术可能会被滥用。5．B 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Atfirst,creatingdeepfakeswascomplex.Itrequiredspecialknowledge,hundredsofpicturesofthepersonwhowasbeingfaked,andlotsoftime.Nowit’smuchsimpler.Therearewebsitesandappsthatallowalmostanyonetocreatedeepfakes.Anapprecentlycameoutwhichalloweduserstoputtheirfacesintofamousmoviescenes.Theprocesstakesabouteightseconds,requiresonepicture,andcanbedoneonamobilephone.(起初，换脸很复杂。它需要特殊的知识，数百张被伪造者的照片，以及大量的时间。现在简单多了。有网站和应用程序，几乎任何人都可以换脸。最近有一款应用程序问世，用户可以将自己的脸放到著名的电影场景中。这个过程大约需要8秒钟，需要一张图片，而且可以在手机上完成。)”可知，刚开始的时候，换脸很复杂，要花大量的时间，但最近推出了一款应用程序，只需要8秒，用一张照片，就可以在手机上完成换脸，由这些可知，换脸发展非常迅速。故选B。6．A 主旨大意题。由第三段“It’sonethingtoswapthefacesoffamousactors.Butwhathappensifsomeoneputsoutafakevideoofapolitician,forexample,makingitlookliketheybrokethelaw？There’salsotheproblemofthetimeittakestofigureoutthatsomethingisfake.Evenifavideoisproventobefake,itcouldbetoolate.Millionsofpeoplemighthavealreadyseenandbelievedit.Ontheotherhand,whathappensifavideoisactuallyreal,butpeopledon’ttrustitbecausethey’retoldit’sadeepfake？(交换著名演员的面孔是一回事。但是，如果有人拿出一个政客的假视频，比如说，让它看起来像他们触犯了法律，会发生什么呢？还有一个问题，就是要花多少时间才能弄清楚什么东西是假的。即使一段视频被证明是假的，也可能为时已晚。数百万人可能已经看到并相信了它。另一方面，如果一个视频是真的，但是人们不相信它，因为他们被告知它是假的，会发生什么？)”可知，第三段主要谈了换脸会带来的问题、引发的焦虑。故选A。7．D 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“ExpertsareworkinghardtocreatenewAItoolsthatcanidentifyfakedvideos.Manypeopleareconfidentthatpeoplecandefeatdeepfakessoon.However,personally,itisverychallengingbecausethistechnologyhasalwaysfallenbehindthedeepfakes.(专家们正在努力创造新的人工智能工具来识别伪造的视频。许多人相信人们很快就能打败换脸。然而，就个人而言，这是非常具有挑战性的，因为这项技术一直落后于换脸。)”可知，作者认为识别伪造的人工智能工具这项技术一直落后于换脸，所以打败换脸非常具有挑战性，由此可知，作者对开发一种新的人工智能系统来识别换脸持不确定的态度。故选D。8．C 写作意图题。第一段引出“换脸”话题，第二段讲“换脸发展非常迅速”，第三段讲“换脸会带来的问题、引发的焦虑”，最后一段讲“作者对开发一种新的人工智能系统来识别换脸持不确定的态度”第68页共177页
，全文介绍的是人们利用人工智能进行换脸，几乎达到以假乱真的地步，由此推知，本文的目的是介绍一种技术时尚——换脸技术，故选C。C(2021·北京市海淀区高三下学期二模)Fortoday’sincreasinglyinterconnectedfoodsupplychains,“efficient”iswhatit’ssupposedtobe：Eachcountryspecializesinwhatit’sbest,atandputsitontheglobalmarket.Producersandprocessorswithincountriesspecialize,too,asawaytominimizecosts.Asaresult,atleastintheory,pricesstaylow,theworldgetsfedandeveryonewins.However,thecoronaviruscrisisdemonstrateswhatiswrongwiththisapproach.Whenbarrierspreventfoodfromreachingitsmarkets,ordemandsuddenlydrops—bothofwhicharehappeningnow—thesystemfallsapart.Specializationofthefoodsystemmakesithardtoshiftintodifferentmarketswhendisruptionsarise.Belgium,aleadingexporterofpotatoes,lostsalesnotonlytolocalrestaurantsbutalsotoothercountriesbecauseoflockdowns(封锁)．AtleasttheBelgianscantrytoeatthepotatoesathome.Thatstrategywon’tworkforeverycrop：Ghana,theworld’stopcocoaexporter,lostmarketswhenpeoplestalledfocusingonbuyingessentialitemsinsteadofchocolate.ThelossinexportincomeinAfricamoregenerallycouldhaveahugeimpactifthepandemiccontinues,asmanycountriesthererelyheavilyonimportedwheatandrice.Thepricesofthesegrainshavesoarednotonlybecauseofrisingdemandforthesegrainsduringthecrisis,butalsobecauseafewcountries—includingRussiaandVietnam—imposedexportrestrictionsoutoffearthatsendingfoodabroadwouldleadtohigherpricesathome.Concentratedmarketsdominatedbyjustahandfulofcompaniesheightenfoodsystemfragility.Forexample,justthreemeatpackingplantsprocessover95percentofCanada’sbeefandnearlyallofitsbeefexports.Now,thosemeatprocessingplantshavehadtotemporarilyshutdownbecauseofoutbreaksofCOVID-19amongworkers.Seeingthespoiledproductsacrosstheworldshouldforceallofustorethinkour“efficient”foodsupplies.Weneedtorejuvenate(使恢复活力)localandregionalfoodsystemstoreducethevulnerabilitiesthatcomewithbeingtooreliantonimportedandcorporate-dominatedfoods.Thisdoesn’tmeancuttingoffalltradeorabolishingallpackagedfoods,butitdoesmeanbuildingdiversity,andincreasingopportunitiesforsmallandmedium-scaleenterprisestoflourishinshorter,moresustainablefoodsupplychainsthatareclosertohome.Oneplacetostartisforgovernmentstoshifttheirsupportfromthelarge-scale,specializedandexport-orientedfoodsystemtobuildinginfrastructureformorediverselocalfoodsystems.Aroundtheworld,small-scaleandorganicproducershavebeenoverwhelmedwiththesurgeininterestfromcustomerswhowanttobuydirectlyfromfarmersduringthecrisis.Buttheseproducersoftenlacktheinfrastructuretomeetthatdemand.Asgovernmentsaroundtheworldpassstimuluspackagestoaddressthecrisis,buildingmorediverseandlocalizedfoodsystemsshouldbeanobviousinclusion.9．Intheory,specializationofthefoodsystem________.A．adaptstochangesefficientlyB．balancessupplyanddemand第68页共177页
C．focusesonessentialitemsD．reducescostsofproduction10．Theunderlinedword“fragility”inParagraph5means________.A．weakness B．diversityC．unfairness D．complexity11．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Afewcountriesrestrictexportstostabilizelocalfoodprices.B．GrainpricesriseduetoAfrica’sdependenceonimportation.C．GhanamightbelessaffectedbylockdownsthanBelgiumwas.D．Packaged-foodconsumptionshouldbeencouragedtoaddressthecrisis.12．Themainpurposeofthispassageisto________.A．exposefoodsecurityissuesduringthecrisisB．advocateestablishingdiverselocalfoodsystemsC．discussthedevelopmentofasustainableeconomyD．provetheimportanceofsoundgovernmentpolicies【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了，从理论上讲，粮食系统的专业化降低了生产成本，但新冠肺炎疫情的爆发暴露了这种方法的问题，文章通过对实例的讨论表明建立多样化的地方食品体系势在必行。9．D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Producersandprocessorswithincountriesspecialize,too,asawaytominimizecosts.(各国的生产商和加工者也进行专业化，以尽量降低成本。)”可知，从理论上讲，粮食系统的专业化降低了生产成本。故选D。10．A 词句猜测题。根据第五段第二句“Forexample,justthreemeatpackingplantsprocessover95percentofCanada’sbeefandnearlyallofitsbeefexports.(例如，仅三家肉类加工厂就加工了加拿大95%以上的牛肉和几乎所有的牛肉出口。)”第三句“Now,thosemeatprocessingplantshavehadtotemporarilyshutdownbecauseofoutbreaksofCOVID-19amongworkers.(现在，由于工人中爆发了COVID-19病毒，这些肉类加工厂不得不暂时关闭。)”和第六段第二句“Weneedtorejuvenate(使恢复活力)localandregionalfoodsystemstoreducethevulnerabilitiesthatcomewithbeingtooreliantonimportedandcorporate-dominatedfoods.(我们需要振兴地方和区域食品体系，以减少过于依赖进口和企业主导的食品带来的脆弱性。)”可知，此处是指由少数几家公司主导的集中市场加剧了食品体系的脆弱性。所以fragility意为“脆弱”。故选A。11．A 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Thepricesofthesegrainshavesoarednotonlybecauseofrisingdemandforthesegrainsduringthecrisis,butalsobecauseafewcountries—includingRussiaandVietnam—imposedexportrestrictionsoutoffearthatsendingfoodabroadwouldleadtohigherpricesathome.(这些粮食的价格飙升，不仅是因为危机期间对这些粮食的需求不断上升，还因为包括俄罗斯和越南在内的一些国家，由于担心把粮食出口到国外会导致国内价格上涨，实施了出口限制。)”第68页共177页
可知，少数国家限制粮食出口以稳定当地食品价格。故选A。12．B 写作意图题。根据最后一段第一句“Oneplacetostartisforgovernmentstoshifttheirsupportfromthelarge-scale,specializedandexport-orientedfoodsystemtobuildinginfrastructureformorediverselocalfoodsystems.(首先，政府将其支持从大规模、专门化和出口导向的粮食系统转向为更多样化的地方粮食系统建设基础设施。)”和最后一句“Asgovernmentsaroundtheworldpassstimuluspackagestoaddressthecrisis,buildingmorediverseandlocalizedfoodsystemsshouldbeanobviousinclusion.(随着世界各国政府通过刺激方案来应对危机，建立更加多样化和地方化的食品体系显然应该包括在内。)”可知，文章的主要目的是倡导建立多样化的地方食品体系。故选B。阅读理解(六) 主旨大意类A(2021·江西六校高三3月联考)Migratingterns(燕鸥)maychangetheirflightplansbasedonakeensenseofcomingtyphoons,escapingtheimpactofthestormsbutstillbenefitingfromfeedingopportunitiesintheirwakes.ResearchersexamineddatarecordedbytrackingdevicesonsixternsfromOkinawa,Japan,tolearnmoreaboutthebirds’migrationsovermultipleyears.TheternsflewacrosspartofthePhilippineSea’s“typhoonhighway”togettotheislandsofBorneoandSulawesiandvariedtheirleavingtimes—oftenapparentlywaitingtodepartuntilalargetyphoonwasabouttocrosstheirprojectedpath.“Theyseemtobeabletopredictit，”saysJean-BaptisteThiebot,apostdoctoralfellowattheNationalInstituteofPolarResearchinJapanandleadauthorofthenewstudy,whichwaspublishedinJuneinMarineBiology.Thestudyoffersfewcluesabouthowternsmightdothis,butotherresearchsuggestssomemigratingbirdsdetectinfrasonic(次声的)weathersignalsorobservechangingclouds.TheternsThiebotstudiedtypicallyavoidedthetyphoonsthemselves.Butthesestormscanchurn(剧烈搅动)foodtotheoceansurface,sotheimmediateresultsmayhelpthehungrytravelers.Theymightactuallyusethetyphoontoknowwhentoleavefortheirmigrationseachyear,Thiebotsays.Intheunusuallyquiet2017season,withnosignofastrongtyphoon,thebirdsstartedtheirjourneyslaterandflewwithoutpitstops.Thiebotwouldliketoseethispatternconfirmedinalargerstudy.Healsoworriesthatincreasingtyphoonfrequencycouldaffectbirds’predictionaccuracy,possiblygettingthemcaughtindangerousweather.RobertGill,aretiredresearchwildlifebiologist,saysthatalthoughthestudy’ssamplesizeissmall,itaddstoscientists’overallunderstandingofmigration.“Theyareabletopredictbetterthanthebestweatherforecasterswehave，”Gillsays,“butthey’vealsohadtensofthousands,ifnotmillions,ofyearstohonethatskill.”1．WhatdidtheternsdoaftergettingtotheislandsofBorneoandSulawesi?A．Theyvariedtheirprojectedpath.B．Theystayedtherefortheexacttimetoleave.第68页共177页
C．Theystayedawaketofindfeedingchances.D．Theychurnedfoodtotheoceansurface.2．AccordingtoThiebot,whydidtheternssetoffontheirjourneyslaterinthe2017season?A．Theymightnotdetectstrongtyphoonsignals.B．Theydidn’tfindenoughfood.C．Theywerecaughtindangerousweather.D．Theywantedtoflywithoutstops.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hone”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Teach. B．Develop.C．Ignore. D．Share.4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theimpactoftyphoons.B．Anewapproachtoforecastingweather.C．Theprocessofterns’migrations.D．Terns’abilitytopredicttyphoon.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了燕鸥预测台风的能力。1．B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheternsflewacrosspartofthePhilippineSea’s’typhoonhighway’togettotheislandsofBorneoandSulawesiandvariedtheirleavingtimes—oftenapparentlywaitingtodepartuntilalargetyphoonwasabouttocrosstheirprojectedpath.(燕鸥飞过菲律宾海的“台风高速公路”，到达婆罗洲和苏拉威西岛，并改变它们的离开时间——通常显然是在等待大台风即将穿过它们计划的路径时离开。)”可知，燕鸥呆在那里是在等待确切离开的时间。故选B。2．A 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Theymightactuallyusethetyphoontoknowwhentoleavefortheirmigrationseachyear,Thiebotsays.Intheunusuallyquiet2017season,withnosignofastrongtyphoon,thebirdsstartedtheirjourneyslaterandflewwithoutpitstops.(Thiebot说，它们实际上可能会利用台风来知道每年何时离开进行迁徙。2017年是不同寻常的安静季节，没有强台风的迹象，这些鸟开始飞行的时间较晚，而且没有中途停留。)”可知，燕鸥要在2017年燕鸥季节的晚些时候才启程，是因为它们可能检测不到强台风信号。故选A。3．B 词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段划线词前句“Theyareabletopredictbetterthanthebestweatherforecasterswehave，(它们比我们最好的天气预报员更能预测天气，)”和thatskill可知，它们也有数万年，甚至数百万年的时间来发展这项技能。所以hone为“发展”之意。故选B。4．D 文章大意题。根据文章第一段“Migratingterns(燕鸥)maychangetheirflightplansbasedonakeensenseofcomingtyphoons,escapingtheimpactofthestormsbutstillbenefitingfromfeedingopportunitiesintheirwakes.(候鸟可能会根据对即将到来的台风的敏锐感知而改变飞行计划，从而避开风暴的影响，但仍能从台风过后的捕食机会中获益。)”和前文内容可知，文章介绍了燕鸥预测台风的能力。故选D。第68页共177页
B(2021·广东省汕头市金山中学高三下学期第三次模拟考试)Fortopstudentsfromlow-incomefamilies,thechallengeofapplyingtocollegesisparticularlydifficult.1in4dealwithallofthat—thewriting,thestudying,theresearchingandapplying—completelyontheirown.Oneapproachtomakethiswholeprocesseasier？Pairstudentsupwithanadviser.That’stheideabehindCollegePoint,aninitiativetohelpgiftedstudentsgotoschoolsthatmatchtheirintellectual(智力的)ability.Whenahighschoolstudenttakesastandardizedtest—thePSAT,SATorACT—andtheyscoreinthe90thpercentile,andtheirfamiliesmakelessthan$80,000ayear,theygetanemailfromtheprogramofferingthemafreeadviser.Theadviserslisten,guideandanswerstudents’questions.ConnorRechtzigel,anadviserinMinnesota,seestheimportanceofhisrole,forresearchshowsthatlow-incomestudentsarefarmorelikelytoundermatchbecausetheydon’tthinktheyhavewhatittakestogetinandbecausemanydon’tevenknowwhatschoolsareoutthere.HehelpedhighschoolseniorJusticeBenjamin,thefirstinhisfamilytoapplytocollege,thinkaboutwhathisideallearningexperiencewas.Finally,Justicenarrowedinonsmallerschoolswherehecouldstudyenvironmentalscienceandmadehisfinalchoice：SkidmoreCollegeinNewYork.Hefeltempoweredbytheprocess.Figuringouthowtopayforcollegeisamajorpartofwhat,CollegePointadvisersdo.Nakhle,anadviserinNorthCarolina,isworkingwithHensley,anOhiohighschoolseniorwhocan’tgetextrafinancialhelpfromherfamily.Theyspentalotoftimecomparingandanalyzingherfinancial-aidawardletters,whichmadeherdecisionmuchclearer.Finally,theOhioStateUniversityofferedanoptionwhereshewouldpaynothing.Stayingin-statewasn’therfirstchoice,butitwasthebestoptionforher.5．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．HowCollegePointworks.B．ThegoalofCollegePoint.C．Waystoapplyforafreeadviser.D．Thechallengeofchoosingcolleges.6．Whatpreventslow-incomestudentsfromattendingpropercolleges?A．Overestimatingtheirabilities.B．Knowinglittleaboutcolleges.C．Lackofenoughlearningexperience.D．Failuretogetsupportfromtheirfamilies.7．WhydidHensleyfinallychoosetheOhioStateUniversity?A．Shedidn’twanttostayfarfromhome.B．Herfavoritemajorwasprovidedthere.C．Shewouldshowhertalentstothefull.D．Theuniversitymetherfinancialneeds.第68页共177页
8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowtoBeaFinancialAdviserB．StepsforTopStudentstoSelectIdealCollegesC．AdvisersHelpPoorStudentsApplytoSuitableCollegesD．CollegePoint—aProgramHelpingStudentsScoreHigh【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。介绍了一款帮助贫困家庭的优秀生申请合适大学的虚拟建议程序。5．A 段落大意题。根据第二段“That’stheideabehindCollegePoint,aninitiativetohelpgiftedstudentsgotoschoolsthatmatchtheirintellectual(智力的)ability.Whenahighschoolstudenttakesastandardizedtest—thePSAT,SATorACT—andtheyscoreinthe90thpercentile,andtheirfamiliesmakelessthan$80,000ayear,theygetanemailfromtheprogramofferingthemafreeadviser.Theadviserslisten,guideandanswerstudents’questions.”得知本段讲述了CollegePoint的建议者们对那些大学考试分数过关，但是年收入不到8万美元的家庭提供免费的选择大学方面的指导。可以得知讲述了CollegePoint是如何运作的。故选A。6．B 细节理解题。根据第三段“forresearchshowsthatlow-incomestudentsarefarmorelikelytoundermatchbecausetheydon’tthinktheyhavewhatittakestogetinandbecausemanydon’tevenknowwhatschoolsareoutthere.”得知研究表明低收入家庭的学生们很可能选择的大学是低匹配的，因为他们不了解大学。故选B。7．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nakhle,anadviserinNorthCarolina,isworkingwithHensley,anOhiohighschoolseniorwhocan’tgetextrafinancialhelpfromherfamily.Theyspentalotoftimecomparingandanalyzingherfinancial-aidawardletters,whichmadeherdecisionmuchclearer.Finally,theOhioStateUniversityofferedanoptionwhereshewouldpaynothing.”家境贫寒的Hensley和北卡来罗那的建议者一起分析她的经济救助奖项，使得她的大学选择更清晰。得知Hensley选择俄亥俄大学是因为这个大学符合她的经济水平。故选D。8．C 标题归纳题。第一段“Oneapproachtomakethiswholeprocesseasier？Pairstudentsupwithanadviser.”问答形式引出文章主题让申请大学更简单更匹配，可以选择一款帮助贫困家庭的优秀生申请合适大学的虚拟建议程序。故选C。C(2021·江苏省南京师范大学附属中学高三下学期第二次高考模拟)Whenwe’vegotchildren,it’stypicalofustogivecarefulthoughttohowmuchTVthechildrenarewatchingandthatthey’reexposedto.ArewebeingoverprotectiveabouttheeffectrealityTVishavingonourchild？Theansweris“No”．Orrather,there’sincreasingevidencethattheseprogrammescanhaveaprofoundinfluenceonyoungpeople.ArecentresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeeverybitasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoonsareforkids—perhapsevenworse.ThetruthisthatrealityTVisanythingbutreality—butthat’snotnecessarilywhatourchildrenbelieve.AstudyfortheGirlScoutResearchInstituteintheUSfoundthateightoutoftengirlsagedbetween11and17whoregularlywatchrealityshowsbelievetheseprogrammesdescribereallife.Infact,muchofreality第68页共177页
TVisaheavilymanipulatedviewofwhat’sreallyhappening,andtheworstofitstrengthensthesortoffemalestereotypeswomenhavespentdecadestryingtoremove.ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordramaqueens.Strong,hard-working,purposefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprogrammes.There’sawidespreademphasisonthevalueofwomenbeingabouthowtheylookanddress,whichgivesyoungviewersthemessagethatbeingawomanisallaboutstyleandappearance,notwhatyoudoorstandfor.CulturalcriticandwriterJenniferPoznerdescribesrealityTVas“thecontemporarynegativereactionagainstfeminism”．ImranSiddiquee,DirectorofSocialMediaandOutreach,isconcernedthattheseprogrammesshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand“normalize”theminwhatappeartobeeverydaysettings.“Theyoffersuchalimitedviewofwhatitistobeawoman,andallovertheworldyounggirlsareaddictedtoit，”hesays.Siddiqueedoesrecognize,however,thatmanygirlsthemselvesvaluerealityTV.Somesayitencouragesthemtothinkaboutsituationsdifferentfromtheirown.Theyalsopointoutthatsomeshowsfeaturewomenrunningtheirownsuccessfulbusinesses.“It’simportanttoacknowledgethattherearesomeusefulelementsinrealityTV，”Siddiqueesays.“Butmanygirlsneedtobeinspiredtothinkmorecriticallyaboutsomeaspectsoftheseshowssothey’renotmanipulatedbythemandsotheirbehaviourdoesn’tchangebecauseofthem.”Weshouldencourageourchildrentobecriticalthinkersandhelpthemdeveloptheirmedialiteracy.WhetherrealityTVischangingourchildren’sviews,orwhethertheyareattractedtoprogrammesthatagreewiththeirbeliefs,it’svitalwerecognizethattheirviewinghabitscouldstrengthentheseunbalancedideas.9．Thispassageismostprobablyintendedfor________.A．teenagegirls B．parentsC．mediaworkers D．generalpublic10．WhatistheproblemwitharealityTVshow?A．Itistootruetolifeforaudiencetobelievein.B．Actorsanddirectorslackasenseofinnovation.C．Itscontentsandviewsareratherartificial.D．Ithascausedcontroversiesamongteenagers.11．AccordingtotheImranSiddquee,whatshouldrealityTVshowspresent?A．Genuineaccountsoffemalesandtheirwork.B．Waystogainmorepopularityamongpeers.C．DistinctionbetweentruelifeandTVdramas.D．Tipsonhowtobecomestylishyounggirls.12．Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A．SituationswhereteenagersareattractedtocertainTVprogrammes.B．RealityTVshows’impactonyounggirlsandparent’sguidance.第68页共177页
C．Thewaytohelpchildrentohavethehabitofcriticalthinking.D．ThestereotypesofwomenonTVandaudience’sreaction.【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。文章论述了一些真人电视节目输出的错误价值观和内容塑造了对女性的刻板印象和强调外在，忽视了女性内在美和独立奋斗的形象，会误导青春期少女。作者呼吁家长培养孩子面对这类内容要进行独立思考，而不是被塑造影响。9．B 推理判断题。由文章前两段可知，作者主要针对“weparents”“ourchildren”在说明当下的一些真人秀对年轻人，尤其是青春期少女的影响，希望家长能给予正确引导。所以这篇文章的目标群体是家长们。故选B。10．C 推理判断题。根据第三段“ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordramaqueens.Strong,hard-working,purposefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprogrammes.(许多电视真人秀中的女性都扮演着少女妈妈或戏剧女王的角色。在这些节目中，身强力壮、勤奋上进、有远大抱负的年轻女性并不多见。)”和第四段“...theseprogrammesshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand’normalize’theminwhatappeartobeeverydaysettings...(这些节目展示了对女性最糟糕的刻板印象，并在似乎是日常的场景中将其’正常化’)”可知，第三、四两段集中论述真人秀的问题，内容充满了对女性的刻板印象解读，展现的都是女性美丽的外表，而不是一个女性应该有的独立和上进心，这种价值观是错误的，会误导女孩对于女性的认知。由此可知，真人秀的内容和观点是相当虚假的。故选C。11．A 细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“Theyalsopointoutthatsomeshowsfeaturewomenrunningtheirownsuccessfulbusinesses.(他们还指出，一些节目以女性经营自己成功的企业为特色。)”可知，一些节目展现的是成功的经营自己事业的女性，该段在说一些女孩对于这类节目的思考，也举出了不同于之前只注重女性外表的节目。换句话说，ImranSiddquee认为真人秀应该展现的是女性和她们的事业。故选A。12．B 主旨大意题。根据第二段“ArecentresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeeverybitasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoonsareforkids—perhapsevenworse.(最近的一项研究表明，一些真人秀节目对十几岁的女孩的伤害和太多卡通节目对孩子的伤害一样大，甚至可能更糟。)”和最后一段“Weshouldencourageourchildrentobecriticalthinkersandhelpthemdeveloptheirmedialiteracy.(我们应该鼓励我们的孩子成为批判性思考者，并帮助他们发展媒体素养。)”结合全文内容，根据首段可知，作者指出现在很多电视节目对年轻人有很大影响。同时最后一段作者指出，家长要帮助孩子养成批判性的思考习惯，因此文章大意是真人秀对年轻女孩的影响以及家长应如何指引。故选B。阅读理解(七) 标题归纳题A(2021·山东省(新高考)高三二模英语试卷(三))Whenmusiccomeson,somepeoplearetoe-lappersorhead-bobbers,othersshaketheirhips,andthentherearethosewholettherhythmmovethemtoafull-bodyboogie(布吉舞)．But,whateveritis,thewaywedancetoabeatissonoticeabletoanindividualthatacomputercan第68页共177页
nowidentifyusbyouruniquedancing“fingerprint”．ResearchersattheCentreforInterdisciplinaryMusicResearchatFinland’sUniversityofJyv-skylhavebeenusingmotioncapture(动作捕捉)technologytostudywhataperson’sdancemovessayabouthisorhermood,personality,andabilitytosympathize.TheyrecentlymadeanaccidentaldiscoverywhiletryingtoseeifanMLmachine,aformofartificialintelligence,wouldbeabletoidentifywhichkindofmusicwasplayingbasedonhowtheparticipantsofthestudyweredancing.Intheirstudy,theresearchersmotioncaptured73participantswiththeAItechnologywhiletheydancedtoeightdifferentmusicgenres：electronica,jazz,metal,pop,rap,reggae,country,andblues.Theonlyinstructionthedancersweregivenwastomoveinawaythatfeltnatural.Butwhatitcoulddowasmoreshocking.Thecomputerwasabletocorrectlyidentifywhichmusiconeoftheparticipantswasdancingto94percentofthetime,regardlessofwhatkindofmusicwasplaying,basedonthepatternofaperson’sdancestyle.Itwasthemovementofparticipants’heads,shouldersandkneesthatwereimportantmarkersindistinguishingbetweenindividual.“Itseemsasthoughaperson’sdancemovementsakindoffingerprint.Eachpersonhasauniquemovementsignaturethatstaysthesamenomatterwhatkindofmusicisplaying，”saidPasiSaari,aco-authorofthestudy,inaclass.It’spossiblethatdance-recognitionsoftwarecouldbecomesomethingsimilartoface-recognitionsoftwarebutitdoesn’tseemaspractical.Fornow,researcherssaythattheyarenotasinterestedinpossiblesurveillance(监视)usesofthistechnology,butratherwhattheresultsofthisstudysayabouthowhumansrespondtomusic.Sodon’tworryaboutbeingidentifiedatnightclubbyanAIviayoursignaturedancemovesyet.1．WhatdidtheresearchersexpecttodowiththeMLmachine?A．Testthedancers’flexibility. B．Makedancersaccustomedtothebeat.C．Identifythemusicusingdancers’moves. D．Checktheaccuracyofmotioncapturetechnology.2．WhatmightnothelptheAItechnologydetermineadancer’sidentity?A．Headmovement. B．Footmovement.C．Kneemovement. D．Shouldermovement.3．Whatdoresearcherswanttousetheresultsfor?A．Puttingitontheapplicationmarket. B．Programmingittoworkatnightclub.C．Learningaboutthehumanresponsetomusic. D．Developingasoftwarelikeface-recognition.4．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．Amusicstylematterslessthanitsbeat.B．NewAIcangenerateyournextdancemove.第68页共177页
C．Adance-recognitionsoftwarewillbecomemorepopular.D．NewAIcanidentifyyoubyyourdancing“fingerprint”．【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究结果：新的AI技术可以通过跳舞者独特的跳舞“指纹”来识别他们。1．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“TheyrecentlymadeanaccidentaldiscoverywhiletryingtoseeifanMLmachine,aformofartificialintelligence,wouldbeabletoidentifywhichkindofmusicwasplayingbasedonhowtheparticipantsofthestudyweredancing.(最近，他们在尝试看人工智能ML机器是否能够根据研究参与者跳舞的方式来识别出播放的音乐时，有了一个意外发现。)”可知，研究人员期望用ML机器根据舞蹈者的动作识别音乐。故选C。2．B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Itwasthemovementofparticipants’heads,shouldersandkneesthatwereimportantmarkersindistinguishingbetweenindividual.(参与者头部、肩膀和膝盖的运动是区分个体的重要标志。)”可知，跳舞者的脚部运动不能帮助AI技术确定跳舞者的身份。故选B。3．C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“...researcherssaythattheyarenotasinterestedinpossiblesurveillance(监视)usesofthistechnology,butratherwhattheresultsofthisstudysayabouthowhumansrespondtomusic.(……研究人员说他们感兴趣的不是这种技术的监视用途，而是这项研究关于人类对音乐是如何反应的结果。)”可知，研究人员想用这个研究的结果来了解人类对音乐的反应。故选C。4．D 标题归纳题。文章第一段提到“But,whateveritis,thewaywedancetoabeatissonoticeabletoanindividualthatacomputercannowidentifyusbyouruniquedancing‘fingerprint’．(然而，不管是什么舞蹈，我们跟着节拍跳舞的方式对一个人来说是如此明显，以至于电脑现在可以通过我们独特的跳舞“指纹”来识别我们。)”；第三段中提到研究人员PasiSaari所说的话“Itseemsasthoughaperson’sdancemovementsakindoffingerprint.Eachpersonhasauniquemovementsignaturethatstaysthesamenomatterwhatkindofmusicisplaying，(一个人的舞蹈动作就好像是一种指纹。每个人都有自己独特的动作特征，无论演奏什么音乐，这些特征都是不变的。)”由此可知，文章是关于新的AI技术能够通过独特的跳舞“指纹”来识别跳舞者。D项“新的AI技术能够通过你的跳舞’指纹’来识别你”可以作为本文标题。故选D。B(2021·贵州省毕节市高三年级诊断性考试(三))E-cigarettescandamagevitalimmunesystemcellsandmaybemoreharmfulthanpreviouslythought,astudysuggests.Researchersfounde-cigarettevapourdisabledimportantimmunecellsinthelungandboostedinflammation(炎症)．Theresearcherscautionagainstthewidelyheldopinionthate-cigarettesaresafe.However,PublicHealthEnglandadvisestheyaremuchlessharmfulthansmokingandpeopleshouldnothesitatetousethemasanaidtogivingupcigarettes.Thesmallexperimentalstudy,ledbyProfDavidThickett,attheUniversityofBirmingham,ispublishedonlineinthejournalThorax.Previousstudieshavefocusedonthechemicalelements第68页共177页
ofe-cigaretteliquidbeforeitisvaped.Inthisstudy,theresearchersdesignedamechanicalprocesstomimic(模拟)vapinginthelaboratory,usinglungtissuesamplesprovidedbyeightnon-smokers.Theyfoundvapourcausedinflammationandimpairedtheactivityofalveolarmacrophagescells(肺泡巨噬细胞)thatremovedpotentiallydamagingdustparticles,bacteriaandallergens.Theysailsomeoftheeffectsweresimilartothoseseeninregularsmokersandpeoplewithchroniclungdisease.Theycautionthattheresultsareonlyinlaboratoryconditionsandtheyareplanningtodomoreresearchtobetterunderstandthelong-termhealthimpactthechangesrecordedtookplaceonly48hours.ProfThicketsaidwhilee-cigarettesweresaferthantraditionalcigarettesintermsofcancerrisk,theymaystillbeharmfulinthelong-term.Ifyouvapefor20or30years,youcansufferfromCOPD(chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease),thenthat’ssomethingweneedtoknowabout.5．What’sthewidelyheldopinionaboute-cigarettes?A．They’remoreharmful. B．They’relessharmful.C．They’reunknowntopeople. D．They’reharmless.6．Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?A．It’sbelievable.B．It’sconductednarrowly.C．It’sacceptedbymostpeople.D．It’scarriedoutinAmerica.7．Whatcanwelearnaboute-cigarettesfromthelastparagraph?A．Theyaresaferintermsofmentalproblems.B．Theymaybelittleharminthelongrun.C．Theyaresaferwithregardtocancerrisk.D．Theycancompletelyreplacetraditionalones.8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Cane-cigarettesdamagevitalbrainsystemcells?B．Cane-cigarettesbecomepopularamongpeople?C．Cane-cigarettesberecommendedtosmokers?D．Canc-cigarettesdamagevitalimmunesystemcells?【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过实验证明看似安全的电子烟实际上会损害我们重要的免疫系统细胞。5．D 细节理解题。根据第二自然段“Theresearcherscautionagainstthewidelyheldopinionthate-cigarettesaresafe.(研究人员对人们普遍认为电子烟是安全的观点提出了警告。)”可知，人们普遍认为电子烟是安全无害的。故选D。6．B 细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Thesmallexperimentalstudy,ledbyProfDavidThickett,attheUniversityofBirmingham,ispublishedonlineinthejournalThorax.(这项由伯明翰大学大卫·西克特教授领导的小型实验研究发表在《胸腔》杂志的网站上。)”第68页共177页
可知，这只是一个有限的小型实验。故选B。7．C 细节理解题。根据最后自然段“ProfThicketsaidwhilee-cigarettesweresaferthantraditionalcigarettesintermsofcancerrisk,theymaystillbeharmfulinthelong-term.(西克特教授表示，尽管就癌症风险而言，电子烟比传统香烟更安全，但从长远来看，它们可能仍然有害。)”可知，就癌症风险而言，电子烟相对安全。故选C。8．D 标题归纳题。根据第一自然段“E-cigarettescandamagevitalimmunesystemcellsandmaybemoreharmfulthanpreviouslythought,astudysuggests.(一项研究表明，电子烟会损害重要的免疫系统细胞，其危害可能比之前认为的更大。)”和末段“ProfThicketsaidwhilee-cigarettesweresaferthantraditionalcigarettesintermsofcancerrisk,theymaystillbeharmfulinthelong-term.(西克特教授表示，尽管就癌症风险而言，电子烟比传统香烟更安全，但从长远来看，它们可能仍然有害。)”可知，本文主要论述了看似安全的电子烟，实际是有害的，它可能会破坏我们的重要的免疫系统细胞。故选D。C(2021·江西南昌市高三一模)Ajointresearchteamrecentlyhavedevelopedanewelectronicskinthatissimilartohumanskininstrength,durability(耐久性)andsensitivity.Theskinore-skinmayplayanimportantroleinnext-generationpersonalizedmedicine,softroboticsandartificialintelligence.“Theideale-skinwillmimic(模仿)manynaturalfunctionsofhumanskin,suchassensingtemperatureandtouch,accuratelyandinrealtime，”saysleadingresearcherYichenCai.However,makingsuitablyflexibleelectronicsthatcanperformsuchdelicatetaskswhilealsousedrepeatedlyischallenging,andeachmaterialinvolvedmustbecarefullyengineered.Moste-skinsaremadebyputtinganactivesensoronthesurfacethatattachestohumanskin.However,theconnectionbetweenthemisoftentooweak,whichreducesthedurabilityandsensitivityofthematerial；otherwise,ifitistoostrong,itwon’tbeflexibleenough,makingitmorelikelytobreakthecircuit.“Thelandscapeofskinelectronicskeepsshiftingataremarkablepace，”saysCai.“Thediscoveryof2Dsensorshasacceleratedeffortstoturnthesequitethinbutstrongmaterialsintofunctional,durableartificialskins.”Thenewman-madeskinbuiltbytheresearcherscouldsenseobjectsfrom20centimetersaway.Itcouldfurthermakeaquickresponsewhentouchedinlessthanonetenthofasecond.“Itisastrikingachievementforane-skintomaintaintoughnessafterrepeateduse，”saidShen,“whichmimicsthesoftnessandrapidrecoveryofhumanskin.”Thistypeofe-skincouldmonitorarangeofbiologicalinformation,suchaschangesinbloodpressure,whichcanbedetectedfrommovementsofarmsandlegs.ThisdatacanthenbesharedandstoredonthecloudviaWi-Fi.“Oneremainingproblemtothewidespreaduseofe-skinsliesinmassproductionofhigh-resolutionsensors，”addsgroupleaderVincentTung“however,thelatesttechnologyoffersnewpromise.”第68页共177页
9．What’sthefeatureofthenewe-skin?A．Itcanstoreinformation.B．It’squitehardandtough.C．It’sflexibleandsensitive.D．Itcanreplacehumanskin.10．Whydoestheauthormention“moste-skins”inParagraph3?A．Tostressthechallengesofmakinge-skins.B．Tointroducethepopularityofe-skins.C．Toshowtheprocessofmakinge-skins.D．Tocomparethesimilaritybetweene-skins.11．Whatcanthenewe-skindo?A．Adjustthebloodpressure.B．Recoverthewoundedskin.C．Workasaremotecontroller.D．Sensetheoutsidetemperature.12．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ABreakthroughinHi-techB．Man-madeSkin,ImprovedC．E-skin,APromisingBusinessD．TheWidespreadUseofE-skin【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了一个联合研究小组最近开发了一种新的电子皮肤，它在强度、耐用性和敏感性方面与人类皮肤相似，这种新的电子皮肤有望大量生产。9．C 细节理解题。根据第一段“Ajointresearchteamrecentlyhavedevelopedanewelectronicskinthatissimilartohumanskininstrength,durabilityandsensitivity.(一个联合研究小组最近开发了一种新的电子皮肤，它在强度、耐用性和敏感性方面与人类皮肤相似。)”以及第五段“’Itisastrikingachievementforane-skintomaintaintoughnessafterrepeateduse，’saidShen,’whichmimicsthesoftnessandrapidrecoveryofhumanskin.’(“电子皮肤在反复使用后保持韧性是一个惊人的成就，”沈说，“它模仿了人类皮肤的柔软和快速恢复(能力)。”)”可知，新电子皮肤在强度、耐用性和敏感性方面与人类皮肤相似，而且反复使用后能迅速恢复，非常灵活。因此，新的电子皮肤的特点是C项“It’sflexibleandsensitive.(它灵活敏感。)”符合题意。故选C。10．A 推理判断题。根据第三段“Moste-skinsaremadebyputtinganactivesensoronthesurfacethatattachestohumanskin.However,theconnectionbetweenthemisoftentooweak,whichreducesthedurabilityandsensitivityofthematerial；otherwise,ifitistoostrong,itwon’tbeflexibleenough,makingitmorelikelytobreakthecircuit.(大多数电子皮肤是通过在皮肤表面安装一个有源传感器来制作的。但是，它们之间的连接往往太弱，这就降低了材料的耐久性和灵敏度；否则，如果太强，就不够灵活，更容易断开电路。)”第68页共177页
可知，大多数电子皮肤是通过在皮肤表面安装一个有源传感器来制作，但是它们之间的连接既不能太强也不能太弱，研究过程中遇到了挑战。因此，作者在第3段提到“大多数电子皮肤”是为了强调制作电子皮肤的挑战。故选A。11．D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Theideale-skinwillmimicmanynaturalfunctionsofhumanskin,suchassensingtemperatureandtouch,accuratelyandinrealtime(理想的电子皮肤将模拟人体皮肤的许多自然功能，如准确实时地感知温度和触觉)”可知，新电子皮肤模拟人体皮肤的许多自然功能，如准确实时地感知温度和触觉。故选D。12．B 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Ajointresearchteamrecentlyhavedevelopedanewelectronicskinthatissimilartohumanskininstrength,durabilityandsensitivity.(一个联合研究小组最近开发了一种新的电子皮肤，它在强度、耐用性和敏感性方面与人类皮肤相似。)”可知，新的电子皮肤，它在强度、耐用性和敏感性方面与人类皮肤相似，在新技术的支持下，有希望大量生产。因此，这篇文章最好的标题是B项“Man-madeSkin,Improved(人造改良皮肤)”。故选B。七选五专项突破练习题汇编阅读七选五(一)A(2021·山西朔州市高三一模)iPadvsTextbooksWhatifyoucouldhaveyourwholebackpackatthetouchofyourfingertips？InthefirstmonthoftheAppleiPadsrelease,25millionweresold!PeopleallovertheworlduseiPadsforallsortsofdifferentthings,butoneoftheirfinestqualitiesistheabilitytobeatextbook.__1__Tobeginwith,iPadsarelessexpensive.Textbooksbecomeoutdatedandschoolshavetobuynewbooks,butwithaniPad,schoolscanupdatethemforfree.__2__Schoolsdon’thavetospend$500everyyearforiPadsbecausetheylastawhileandcanbeupdated.__3__Studentsusuallyhavemultipleclasses,whichresultsinmultipletextbooks.Heavybackpacksfilledwithbookscancausebackproblem.AsolutiontothatisaniPad,whichonlyweighs1.33poundsandcanholdallofastudent’stextbooks.Thirdly,schoolsshouldgetridoftheirtextbooksandgetiPadsbecausetheyhavemorecapabilities.Somemightthinkalloftheappsaredistracting,buttheappsactuallymakeiPadsmoreefficient.__4__Textbookscannotdothosetasks,butiPadscaneasilydothemwithjustatapofthefingertip.Lastly,iPadsareabetterchoiceforschoolsinsteadoftextbooksbecausethesedevicesallowstudentstoaccesstheirlearninganywhereatanytime.__5__WithiPads,theyfinditeasiertogettheirhomeworkdone.第68页共177页
Inconclusion,schoolsshouldgetridoftheirclumsytextbooksandswitchtoiPads.iPadshaveallowedthisgenerationtohavetheirentirebackpackinthepalmoftheirhands.A．iPadsabsorbtheneedtobuycalculators,dictionaries,andotheritemsthatarefoundwithinthedevice.B．SchoolshaveeveryreasontodoawaywiththeirschoolbooksandswitchtoiPads.C．Moreover,inhighschool,textbookshaveanaverageof4.8poundseach.D．iPadshavealreadyreplacedtextbooksinover600Americancounties.E．Therefore,theycanusethesavedmoneyforotherprograms.F．Secondly,iPadscostlessandaremorepopular.G．iPadsareperfectforbusystudents.B(2021·山西高三一模)GiveYourBedroomtheDeep-CleanItNeedsAmessybedroomcanaddtoeverydaystress,causeanxiety,andevenaffectyoursleep.Aclean,organizedsleepingspace,ontheotherhand,helpsencouragerelaxationandrestfulnesswhenyouhitthesheetsatnight.__6__Takeouttrash.Beginbytakingcareofsimple,everydaymesses.__7__Whetherit’sfromtearingtagsoffclothingorlate-nightsnacking,smalltrashcanbuildupeasily.Throwawayanytrasharoundtheroomfirst,thenemptythewastebasket.Clearsurfaceclutter(杂物)．Nightstands,dressers,anddesksoftenbecomedropzonesforsmalldailyobjects.__8__Ifyounoticeadailyhabit,suchascommonlypickingupkeysorputtingonglasses,considercreatinganorganizationsystemforthesefrequently-useditems.Wipedownwindowsandmirrors.Letthelightshinethroughyourwindowswithoutanydirtymarksdisruptingyourview.Wipedownallthewindowsandmirrorsinyourbedroom.__9__Theirtinyfingerprintsareprobablyatthebottomofthemirrors.__10__Abedroomthat’sspotlessfromtoptobottomisn’tpossiblewithoutcleaningthefloors.Ifyouhavehardwoodfloors,removeandvacuum(真空吸尘)anyrugsbeforesweepingtheentirefloor.Forcarpetedbedrooms,clearoutthedustwithavacuum.Foreithermethod,reachasfarunderthebedandheavyfurnitureasyoucan.Ifyouhavealightweightsidetableorchairthatcanbemovedeasily,putitinthehallwayasyoucleanyourfloors.A．Vacuumorsweep.B．Wipesurfacesclean.C．Yoursheetsneedtobewashedandchangedregularly.D．Ifyouhaveyoungkidsinthehouse,besuretowipedownlow.E．Takeafewminutestoputtheseitemsbackintheirrightfulhomes.F．Ifyoudon’talreadyhaveasmallwastebasketinyourroom,getone.第68页共177页
G．Afewsimplehousekeepingtaskscancreateamoreinvitingbedroom.C(2021·福建省厦门市高三毕业班第三次质量检测)Ifyou’reanun-decider,eventhesimplestdecisionscanmakeyourpulserace.__11__.Herearesomestrategiesforspendinglesstimeworryingaboutdecisions.GoforgoodenoughSinceperfectionismandindecisionoftengohandinhand,youshouldbemovingfromamind-setthat“onlythebestwilldo”to“goodenoughisgoodenough”．Ithelpstoreflectonyouroriginalgoal.Didyoubegintheexhaustingonlineshoppingtofindatoasterthatcouldcleanitself,roastcarrotsandalsochargeyourcellphone？Orwereyoujustlookingforsomethingthatwouldbrownyourbread？__12__.Outsource(外包)decisionsResearchhasshownthatchoicesweakenthewillpowerandleadtodecisionfatigue(疲劳)．That’swhyindecisivepeopleareadvisedtopicktheir“battles”．__13__.Whenitcomestowine,forexample,allIwantisagoodglasswithdinner.Soratherthanstudyingwhichtochoose,Ileavethedecisiontomylocalwinestore,askingittosendmeacaseofsurprisesonceinawhile.The90percentRuleWhenayes-or-nodecisionhasmanyprosandcons,trythe“90percentrule”．Thisinvolvesevaluatinganopportunityonascalefrom0to100．Ifyourinterestfallsanywherebelow90percent,reduceitsscoretozeroandrejectit.__14__.Whywouldyoudeliberatelychoosetofeelthatwayaboutanimportantchoiceinyourlife?__15__Ifyou’redecidingwhethertomoveacrossthecountry,imagineyou’veaskedyourbestfriendtochooseforyou.Onthebigday,shehandsyouanenvelope；inside,itannouncesyou’releavingnextmonth.Doyoufeelexcited？Ordisappointed？Usingthoughtexperimentstoseparateimportantvariablescanhelpyoucutthroughthefogtoseeclarity.A．CutthroughthefogB．TurntofriendsforhelpC．YoucouldrelyonhabitsandroutinesD．Inotherwords,bechoosyaboutchoosingE．RememberingyourpurposecansimplifytheprocessF．Thinkabouthowyou’dfeelifyouscoreda65onsometestG．Andbig,life-changingchoicescancauseastateofbreakingdownD(2021·贵州省毕节市高三年级诊断性考试(三))Picturesareagreatwaytokeepamemoryofmanyeventsthathappeninourlives.__16__第68页共177页
Herearesometipsthatcanhelpyoulookmorebeautifulinpictures.Tolookmorebeautifulinpictures,youmusttakesomefactorsintoconsideration,oneofwhichisyourposture.Keepyourbackstraightandyourheadup.__17__Trytokeepyourshouldersrelaxed,orelsethepicturewon’tseemnatural.__18__Standinfrontofamirrorandtrydifferentsmilesuntilyoufindonethatsuitsyou.Onceyou’vefiguredoutyourperfectlook,keeppractisinguntilyoursmilebecomesnaturalaswell.Besides,youshouldusethelightsourceproperly.Youshouldalwaysbeawareofwherethelightsourceiswhentakingapictureandlearntouseittoyouradvantage.Goodphotographerswillplacelightsbehindtheareawhereyouaretohaveyourpicturesdone.__19__Ifyou’reunsureofyourselfwhenthepicturesarebeingtaken,yourlackofconfidencewillshowinthepicture.__20__Themorerelaxedandconfidentyouare,thebetteryou’llshowinthepicture.A．Thiswillhelpyouappearthinner.B．Sotrytorelaxandjustenjoytheoccasionyou’rein.C．Smileisalsooneofthemostimportantpartsofapicture.D．Inthesecases,youwilljusthavetousetheothertechniquesinstead.E．Bydoingthis,it’llcreateashadowoveryoutomakeyoulookthinner.F．Andpicturescanberetakeniftheydon’tcomeoutrightthefirsttime.G．Thereisnodoubtthateveryonewantstolookbeautifulinthepictures.阅读七选五(二)A(2021·江西重点中学盟校高三第一次联考)FieldGuide：HowtoTakeGreatHuntingVideos?Whetherit’sjustforfamilyandfriends,socialmediaorYouTube,moreandmorehuntersarerecordingvideosoftheirhunts.__1__Butifyoufollowthesetips,youwillsoonbewellonyourwaytofilminglikeaprofessional.StructureForYouTube,shorterisbetter(onetotenminutes)．Includeanintroduction,butkeepitshort,makeitinterestingandhighlightthewho,what,where,whenandwhy.__2__Becreativeandleaveviewerswantingmoreadditionalvideos.StorytellingToholdaviewer’sattention,youneedplentyofshortandcompleteelementstoimprovethestoryline.Examplesincludeasunrise,sunsetorsittingsilently.__3__Notethatclipslongerthan20secondscanbecomeboringtowatch,sotrytokeepthemtolessthaneightseconds.Equipment__4__Thepurposeistomakeeveryclipcleanandwelllit.Sometimes,themanualfocusis第68页共177页
superiortoautofocus.Mostoftoday’scamerashaveanimage-stabilizingfunction,butitisn’tenough—fewpeoplecanshootsteady,handheldvideos.Usesometoolstohelpholdthecamerastill.MessageWhatyouwanttoexpressinyourvideoisofgreatsignificance.Someoftoday’shuntingTVshowsoftenlosesightofthereasonswhywehunt.Evenwhenmakinghomevideos,weonlyfocusonthetrophy(战利品)．__5__A．Learntoproperlyuseyourrecordingdevice.B．Togetitright,it’stougherthanitlooks.C．Instead,beunique,attractiveandauthentic.D．Therefore,lackofskillswillaffecttheexperience.E．Alsoincludeasummary,suchasathankyoutoviewers.F．Theyareessentialwhenyou’reputtingthemtogethertocreateastoryline.G．However,theappreciationfortheexperienceofhuntingshouldalsobeconveyed.B(2021·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期第三次模拟)Ifyouonlyhadoneminute,orevenjust20seconds,toestablishagoodrelationshipwithsomeoneyou’venevermetbefore,howwouldyoudoit？HerearethreeAsthatyoumayfindhelpful.AwarenessGettingalongwithothersrequiresanawarenessofthreethings—theenvironment,time,andthepersonyouaremeeting.__6__Thesetting(e.g.,achurchversusagym)decideshowyoucommunicateandevenwhatyoushouldwear.Timeisalsoimportant.Doyouhavehours,minutes,orjustseconds？Thelessyouhave,themoreyouneedtothinkaboutwhatyouwillsayandhowyouwillsayit.Whileanawarenessofthesettingandtimeisimportant,soisourawarenessofothers.Ourimmediateassessmentofothers,theirmoodandemotionalstate,contributestogettingalong.Approachingsomeonewhentheyarestressedmaynotbethebestthingtodo.__7__AcceptanceSinceancienttimes,thewisehavesaid,“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”Thisisespeciallytrueinforeigncountries.__8__Changehowyoudothings,howyoudress,howyougreet,howyoutalk,sothatyouwillfitin.Don’tresistanddon’tinsistthatyouhavethingsyourway,orthatyouknowbetter.Itis,oncemore,notaboutyou.Itisabouttwothings—thesettingandfittinginwithothers.Respectthebeliefs,norms,customs,andpracticesofthoseyouwishtoengage.Mirrorthosearoundyou.It’sthesecretthatwisemenhaveusedsinceancienttimes.__9__Approachable__10__Smilingworkstoapoint,butyoumustmakewelcomingeyecontact.Yourbody第68页共177页
languageshouldsay,“Iamfriendlyandapproachable.”A．Itisnodifferenttoday.B．Youneedtorespondwithasmile.C．Anditalsoappliesintheothersettings.D．Anawarenessoftheenvironmentgivesyouaheadstart.E．Instead,waitingjustahalf-hourcanmakeallthedifference.F．Ifyouwanttobelikedorfitin,youmustbebothaccessibleandfriendly.G．Butwecan’texpectotherstodoforuswhatweshouldbedoingforourselves.C(2021·山东省潍坊市高三二模4月)Yourpreschoolerispaintingwithfingers.Tryingtobeencouraging,youaskher,“Whatareyoumakingwiththismixofcolors？”andsheshrugs(耸肩)．Untilyoumentionedit,shehadn’tgivenitanythough.__11__Theylovethewayitfeelswhentheypourpaintonpaper,howitlookswhentheywildlydropglitter,andeventhesoftsoundabrushmakesasitcrossesthepage.Mostpreschoolersaren’tself-consciousaboutwhatthey’redoingorfocusedoncreatingafinishedproduct.__12__Butlettinggo—andallowingkidstoenjoytheprocessofcreation—canharvestbigrewards.Childrenwillbebetteroffinthelongrunifthey’reallowedjusttobeinthemomentandexpressthemselves.Fostering(培养)creativitywon’tjustincreaseyourchild’schancesofbecomingthenextPicasso.__13__Askidsuseapaintbrush,theirfinemotorskillsimprove.Bycountingpiecesandcolors,theylearnthebasicsofmath.Whenchildrenexperimentwithmaterials,theydiveinscience.Mostimportantperhaps,whenkidsfeelgoodwhiletheyarecreating,arthelpsboostself-confidence.__14__Setupanartspacewhereyourkidcanbefreetoexperiment.Throwadropclothoranewspaperontopofyourkitchentableorinthegarage.Ifweatherpermits,letkidspaintoutside.Avoidgivingdirections.Don’ttellyourkidwhattomakeorhowtomakeit.Insteadofsaying,“Paintarainbow，”encourageherto“experimentwithmixingcolorsusingdifferenttypesofbrushesandpaper.”Whenachildfinishesapiece,don’tsuggestadditionsorchanges.__15__A．Sojustprepareforamess.B．Preschoolersliketobealone.C．Littlekidsaremastersofthemoment.D．Thatcanbehardforparentstoaccept.E．Remembertowarnthemagainsttheircarelessmistakes.F．You’realsohelpinghimdevelopmentally,socially,andemotionally.G．Letyourchildfeelhercreationisenough—evenifit’sjustadotonthepage.第68页共177页
D(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市三中高三一模)Ifyou’relookingfornatural,chemical-freewaystocleanyourhome,looknofurtherthanthefruitbowlonyourkitchencounter.__16__Herearewaysalemoncanhelpyoutocleanyourentirehouse.Acommonuseoflemoniscleaningyourcuttingboards.Becauseit’stheplacewhereyouprepareyourfamily’sdinner,youprobablydon’twanttowashacuttingboardwithanythingotherthanthemostnaturalmaterials.__17__Toremovestainsfromwoodorplasticcuttingboardscutalemoninhalfandsqueezethejuiceontotheboard.Rubthejuiceinwiththelemonhalf,andthenletitsitfor20minutes.__18__Lemoncanalsohelpcleanstainedfoodcontainers.Ifyouhaveacupboardfullofdiscoloredplasticcontainers,letalemonworkitsstain-fightingmagic.Squeezelemonjuiceontothestainedplasticandrubwiththecutsideofthelemon.__19__Stubbornsaucestainswilldisappear.Lemoncanbeusedasadegreaser(除油器)onalmostanyhardsurfacebesideswood.Combinethemixtureoffreshlemonjuiceandbakingsodainaspraybottleandshakewell.Thelemonfightsstain,anddestroysbacteria,whilethesodaactsasagentlyrubbingagent.__20__Addstainedclothingtoapotofwaterwithafewlemonslices,andthenboilforafewminutes.Inthiswayyoucanfreshenuptheappearanceofwhiteclothesandtowels.A．Youmayjustaddalittlemorelemonjuice.B．Lemonshaveasurprisingamountofcleaningpower.C．Anotheruseoflemonisgettingwhiteclothesbrighter.D．Then,letthecontainersdryinthesunandwashnormally.E．Seizealemonandthenreachforthechemical-filledcleaningsprays.F．Luckily,thatlemonyouuseintherecipecandoubleasaboardcleaner.G．Thelemonacidwillworkonthestains,exposingafresh,cleancuttingboard.第68页共177页
参考答案与试题解析阅读七选五(一)A(2021·山西朔州市高三一模)iPadvsTextbooksWhatifyoucouldhaveyourwholebackpackatthetouchofyourfingertips？InthefirstmonthoftheAppleiPadsrelease,25millionweresold!PeopleallovertheworlduseiPadsforallsortsofdifferentthings,butoneoftheirfinestqualitiesistheabilitytobeatextbook.__1__Tobeginwith,iPadsarelessexpensive.Textbooksbecomeoutdatedandschoolshavetobuynewbooks,butwithaniPad,schoolscanupdatethemforfree.__2__Schoolsdon’thavetospend$500everyyearforiPadsbecausetheylastawhileandcanbeupdated.__3__Studentsusuallyhavemultipleclasses,whichresultsinmultipletextbooks.Heavybackpacksfilledwithbookscancausebackproblem.AsolutiontothatisaniPad,whichonlyweighs1.33poundsandcanholdallofastudent’stextbooks.Thirdly,schoolsshouldgetridoftheirtextbooksandgetiPadsbecausetheyhavemorecapabilities.Somemightthinkalloftheappsaredistracting,buttheappsactuallymakeiPadsmoreefficient.__4__Textbookscannotdothosetasks,butiPadscaneasilydothemwithjustatapofthefingertip.Lastly,iPadsareabetterchoiceforschoolsinsteadoftextbooksbecausethesedevicesallowstudentstoaccesstheirlearninganywhereatanytime.__5__WithiPads,theyfinditeasiertogettheirhomeworkdone.Inconclusion,schoolsshouldgetridoftheirclumsytextbooksandswitchtoiPads.iPadshaveallowedthisgenerationtohavetheirentirebackpackinthepalmoftheirhands.A．iPadsabsorbtheneedtobuycalculators,dictionaries,andotheritemsthatarefoundwithinthedevice.B．SchoolshaveeveryreasontodoawaywiththeirschoolbooksandswitchtoiPads.C．Moreover,inhighschool,textbookshaveanaverageof4.8poundseach.D．iPadshavealreadyreplacedtextbooksinover600Americancounties.E．Therefore,theycanusethesavedmoneyforotherprograms.F．Secondly,iPadscostlessandaremorepopular.G．iPadsareperfectforbusystudents.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了可以当作书本使用的iPads的情况，与普通书本相比iPads更有优势。1．B 段尾题。根据前一句“butoneoftheirfinestqualitiesistheabilitytobeatextbook.(但他们最好的品质之一是成为教科书的能力。)”可知，提到了iPads第96页共177页
可以被当作书本使用，学校可以把书本换成iPads，结合下文讲述的是使用iPad的好处可知，B选项“SchoolshaveeveryreasontodoawaywiththeirschoolbooksandswitchtoiPads.(学校完全有理由扔掉课本，改用ipads。)”承上启下，符合题意，故选B。2．E 段中题。根据前一句“Textbooksbecomeoutdatedandschoolshavetobuynewbooks,butwithaniPad,schoolscanupdatethemforfree.(教科书会过时，学校不得不购买新书，但有了iPad，学校可以免费更新。)”可知，使用iPads可以免费更新，这使得学校节省资金，所以E选项“Therefore,theycanusethesavedmoneyforotherprograms.(因此，他们可以把省下来的钱用于其他项目。)”承接上文，符合题意，上下文构成明显的因果关系。故选E。3．C 段首题。本句为段落的主旨句。此题容易错选成F；但是根据下文“Heavybackpacksfilledwithbookscancausebackproblem.(装满书的沉重背包会引起背部问题。)”可知，提到了书本的重量会引发背部疾病，所以主旨句应该讲述书包的重量。C选项“Moreover,inhighschool,textbookshaveanaverageof4.8poundseach.(此外，在高中，教科书平均每本4.8磅。)”，与下文最符，故选C。4．A 段中题。根据下文“Textbookscannotdothosetasks,butiPadscaneasilydothemwithjustatapofthefingertip.(教科书无法完成这些任务，但iPad只需轻轻一点指尖就能轻松完成。)”可知，设空处可能提到了iPads的许多其他功能，这使得学习更加方便，A选项“iPadsabsorbtheneedtobuycalculators,dictionaries,andotheritemsthatarefoundwithinthedevice.(iPad吸收了人们购买计算器、词典和其他可以在设备中找到的物品的需求。)”讲述iPad的优点，符合语境。且下文的“thosetasks”就指代选项所提到的那些功能。故选A。5．G 段中题。根据上文“Lastly,iPadsareabetterchoiceforschoolsinsteadoftextbooksbecausethesedevicesallowstudentstoaccesstheirlearninganywhereatanytime.(最后，iPads对学校来说是比教科书更好的选择，因为这些设备可以让学生在任何时间、任何地点学习。)”可知，iPads使得学生们可以在任何时间任何地点学习，因此适用于忙碌的学生，G选项“iPadsareperfectforbusystudents.(这些平板电脑非常适合忙碌的学生。)”承接上文，故选G。B(2021·山西高三一模)GiveYourBedroomtheDeep-CleanItNeedsAmessybedroomcanaddtoeverydaystress,causeanxiety,andevenaffectyoursleep.Aclean,organizedsleepingspace,ontheotherhand,helpsencouragerelaxationandrestfulnesswhenyouhitthesheetsatnight.__6__Takeouttrash.Beginbytakingcareofsimple,everydaymesses.__7__Whetherit’sfromtearingtagsoffclothingorlate-nightsnacking,smalltrashcanbuildupeasily.Throwawayanytrasharoundtheroomfirst,thenemptythewastebasket.第96页共177页
Clearsurfaceclutter(杂物)．Nightstands,dressers,anddesksoftenbecomedropzonesforsmalldailyobjects.__8__Ifyounoticeadailyhabit,suchascommonlypickingupkeysorputtingonglasses,considercreatinganorganizationsystemforthesefrequently-useditems.Wipedownwindowsandmirrors.Letthelightshinethroughyourwindowswithoutanydirtymarksdisruptingyourview.Wipedownallthewindowsandmirrorsinyourbedroom.__9__Theirtinyfingerprintsareprobablyatthebottomofthemirrors.__10__Abedroomthat’sspotlessfromtoptobottomisn’tpossiblewithoutcleaningthefloors.Ifyouhavehardwoodfloors,removeandvacuum(真空吸尘)anyrugsbeforesweepingtheentirefloor.Forcarpetedbedrooms,clearoutthedustwithavacuum.Foreithermethod,reachasfarunderthebedandheavyfurnitureasyoucan.Ifyouhavealightweightsidetableorchairthatcanbemovedeasily,putitinthehallwayasyoucleanyourfloors.A．Vacuumorsweep.B．Wipesurfacesclean.C．Yoursheetsneedtobewashedandchangedregularly.D．Ifyouhaveyoungkidsinthehouse,besuretowipedownlow.E．Takeafewminutestoputtheseitemsbackintheirrightfulhomes.F．Ifyoudon’talreadyhaveasmallwastebasketinyourroom,getone.G．Afewsimplehousekeepingtaskscancreateamoreinvitingbedroom.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卧室彻底扫除的具体方法。6．G 段尾题。根据前句“Aclean,organizedsleepingspace,ontheotherhand,helpsencouragerelaxationandrestfulnesswhenyouhitthesheetsatnight.(另一方面，一个整洁有序的睡觉空间有助于鼓励你在晚上睡觉时放松和休息。)”及文章标题和下文各段主旨句可知，文章都是围绕卧室清扫的方法建议。此句为承上启下句。所以选项G“Afewsimplehousekeepingtaskscancreateamoreinvitingbedroom.(几个简单的家务工作就能创造一个更诱人的卧室。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。7．F 段中题。根据前句“Beginbytakingcareofsimple,everydaymesses.(从处理简单的日常垃圾开始。)”可知，此处与垃圾有关。所以选项F“Ifyoudon’talreadyhaveasmallwastebasketinyourroom,getone.(如果你的房间里没有一个小的废纸篓，那就准备一个。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。8．E 段中题。根据本段主旨句“Clearsurfaceclutter(杂物)．(清除表面杂物。)”和前句“Nightstands,dressers,anddesksoftenbecomedropzonesforsmalldailyobjects.(床头柜、梳妆台和书桌通常会成为放置小日常用品的地方。)”可知，本段介绍清除床头柜、梳妆台和书桌等表面堆积的杂物。所以选项E“Takeafewminutestoputtheseitemsbackintheirrightfulhomes.(花几分钟时间把这些东西放回它们应有的地方。)”符合上下文语境，选项中的theseitems指代的就是前句中的smalldailyobjects，故选E。第96页共177页
9．D 段中题。根据本段主旨句“Wipedownwindowsandmirrors.(擦干净窗户和镜子。)”和前句“Wipedownallthewindowsandmirrorsinyourbedroom.(把你卧室里所有的窗户和镜子都擦干净。)”可知，本段讲的是擦玻璃和镜子的问题。所以选项D“Ifyouhaveyoungkidsinthehouse,besuretowipedownlow.(如果你家里有小孩，一定要擦得低一些。)”符合上下文语境。选项中的“wipedown”与段首主旨句有原词复现。故选D。10．A 段首题。根据后文“Ifyouhavehardwoodfloors,removeandvacuum(真空吸尘)anyrugsbeforesweepingtheentirefloor.Forcarpetedbedrooms,clearoutthedustwithavacuum.(如果你有硬木地板，在清扫整个地板之前，先清理并吸尘地毯。对于铺有地毯的卧室，用吸尘器把灰尘清除掉。)”及全段内容可知，本段主要讲述的是清理地面的方法。所以选项A“Vacuumorsweep(真空吸尘或清扫。)”符合本段主题。故选A。C(2021·福建省厦门市高三毕业班第三次质量检测)Ifyou’reanun-decider,eventhesimplestdecisionscanmakeyourpulserace.__11__.Herearesomestrategiesforspendinglesstimeworryingaboutdecisions.GoforgoodenoughSinceperfectionismandindecisionoftengohandinhand,youshouldbemovingfromamind-setthat“onlythebestwilldo”to“goodenoughisgoodenough”．Ithelpstoreflectonyouroriginalgoal.Didyoubegintheexhaustingonlineshoppingtofindatoasterthatcouldcleanitself,roastcarrotsandalsochargeyourcellphone？Orwereyoujustlookingforsomethingthatwouldbrownyourbread？__12__.Outsource(外包)decisionsResearchhasshownthatchoicesweakenthewillpowerandleadtodecisionfatigue(疲劳)．That’swhyindecisivepeopleareadvisedtopicktheir“battles”．__13__.Whenitcomestowine,forexample,allIwantisagoodglasswithdinner.Soratherthanstudyingwhichtochoose,Ileavethedecisiontomylocalwinestore,askingittosendmeacaseofsurprisesonceinawhile.The90percentRuleWhenayes-or-nodecisionhasmanyprosandcons,trythe“90percentrule”．Thisinvolvesevaluatinganopportunityonascalefrom0to100．Ifyourinterestfallsanywherebelow90percent,reduceitsscoretozeroandrejectit.__14__.Whywouldyoudeliberatelychoosetofeelthatwayaboutanimportantchoiceinyourlife?__15__Ifyou’redecidingwhethertomoveacrossthecountry,imagineyou’veaskedyourbestfriendtochooseforyou.Onthebigday,shehandsyouanenvelope；inside,itannouncesyou’releavingnextmonth.Doyoufeelexcited？Ordisappointed？Usingthoughtexperimentstoseparateimportantvariablescanhelpyoucutthroughthefogtoseeclarity.A．Cutthroughthefog第96页共177页
B．TurntofriendsforhelpC．YoucouldrelyonhabitsandroutinesD．Inotherwords,bechoosyaboutchoosingE．RememberingyourpurposecansimplifytheprocessF．Thinkabouthowyou’dfeelifyouscoreda65onsometestG．Andbig,life-changingchoicescancauseastateofbreakingdown【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。很多人都有决策困难，作者在文中介绍了几个减少为决策操心的时间的策略。11．G 段中题。根据前文“Ifyou’reanun-decider,eventhesimplestdecisionscanmakeyourpulserace.(如果你是一个决定困难的人，即使是最简单的决定也会让你心跳加速。)”可知，此处是讲对于一个有决定困难的人，做决定会让他非常紧张，选项G“而改变生活的重大选择会导致崩溃”也是讲做决定对这种人的影响，承接上文。故选G。12．E 段尾题。根据前文“Ithelpstoreflectonyouroriginalgoal.(它有助于反思你最初的目标。)”可知，此处是指要记住你的目标是什么，对应选项E中的“Rememberingyourpurpose”，根据前文“Didyoubegintheexhaustingonlineshoppingtofindatoasterthatcouldcleanitself,roastcarrotsandalsochargeyourcellphone？Orwereyoujustlookingforsomethingthatwouldbrownyourbread？(你开始在网上购物的时候，是不是发现了一个可以自己清洗、烤胡萝卜和给手机充电的烤面包机？或者你只是在找能让你的面包变褐色的东西？)”可知，选项E中的theprocess是指这个选择过程，而记住最初的目的可以简化这个过程，所以选项E“记住你的目的可以简化这个过程”承接上文。故选E。13．D 段中题。根据前文“That’swhyindecisivepeopleareadvisedtopicktheir’battles’．(这就是为什么优柔寡断的人被建议选择他们的“战斗”。)”可知，优柔寡断的人的战斗就是“选择”，所以此处是指选择他们的“选择”，和“bechoosyaboutchoosing”意思相同，对应选项D中的“Inotherwords”。根据后文“Whenitcomestowine,forexample,allIwantisagoodglasswithdinner.Soratherthanstudyingwhichtochoose,Ileavethedecisiontomylocalwinestore,askingittosendmeacaseofsurprisesonceinawhile.(例如，说到葡萄酒，我只想在晚餐时喝上一杯。因此，我没有研究该选哪一种，而是把决定权交给了当地的葡萄酒店，让它偶尔给我寄一箱惊喜。)”可知，此处就是指把选择权交给别人，然后对别人提供的选择进行挑剔。所以选项D“换言之，对选择要有选择”承上启下。故选D。14．F 段中题。前文“Ifyourinterestfallsanywherebelow90percent,reduceitsscoretozeroandrejectit.(如果你的兴趣在90%以下，把分数减到零，然后拒绝。)”对应选项F中的scored，根据后文“Whywouldyoudeliberatelychoosetofeelthatwayaboutanimportantchoiceinyourlife？(为什么你会故意对你生命中的一个重要选择有这种感觉？)”第96页共177页
可知，此处是指想象一下自己在测试中得了65分时的感觉，想一想为什么你会故意对你生命中的一个重要选择有这种感觉。所以选项F“想想如果你在考试中得了65分你会有什么感觉”承上启下。故选F。15．A 小标题。根据后文“Usingthoughtexperimentstoseparateimportantvariablescanhelpyoucutthroughthefogtoseeclarity.(利用思维实验来分离重要的变量，可以帮助你拨开迷雾，看清真相。)”可知，此处是指拨开迷雾，看清真相。所以选项A“拨开迷雾”切合文意。故选A。D(2021·贵州省毕节市高三年级诊断性考试(三))Picturesareagreatwaytokeepamemoryofmanyeventsthathappeninourlives.__16__Herearesometipsthatcanhelpyoulookmorebeautifulinpictures.Tolookmorebeautifulinpictures,youmusttakesomefactorsintoconsideration,oneofwhichisyourposture.Keepyourbackstraightandyourheadup.__17__Trytokeepyourshouldersrelaxed,orelsethepicturewon’tseemnatural.__18__Standinfrontofamirrorandtrydifferentsmilesuntilyoufindonethatsuitsyou.Onceyou’vefiguredoutyourperfectlook,keeppractisinguntilyoursmilebecomesnaturalaswell.Besides,youshouldusethelightsourceproperly.Youshouldalwaysbeawareofwherethelightsourceiswhentakingapictureandlearntouseittoyouradvantage.Goodphotographerswillplacelightsbehindtheareawhereyouaretohaveyourpicturesdone.__19__Ifyou’reunsureofyourselfwhenthepicturesarebeingtaken,yourlackofconfidencewillshowinthepicture.__20__Themorerelaxedandconfidentyouare,thebetteryou’llshowinthepicture.A．Thiswillhelpyouappearthinner.B．Sotrytorelaxandjustenjoytheoccasionyou’rein.C．Smileisalsooneofthemostimportantpartsofapicture.D．Inthesecases,youwilljusthavetousetheothertechniquesinstead.E．Bydoingthis,it’llcreateashadowoveryoutomakeyoulookthinner.F．Andpicturescanberetakeniftheydon’tcomeoutrightthefirsttime.G．Thereisnodoubtthateveryonewantstolookbeautifulinthepictures.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以帮助自己在照片上看上去更漂亮的拍照技巧。16．G 段中题。根据前句“Picturesareagreatwaytokeepamemoryofmanyeventsthathappeninourlives.(照片是保存生活中发生的许多事件的一种很好的方式。)”和后句“Herearesometipsthatcanhelpyoulookmorebeautifulinpictures.(这里有一些建议可以帮助你在照片中看起来更漂亮。)”可知，这里为承上启下句，为如何在照片中看起来漂亮做铺垫。所以选择项G“Thereisnodoubtthateveryonewantstolookbeautifulinthe第96页共177页
pictures.(毫无疑问，每个人都想在照片中看起来很漂亮。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。17．A 段中题。根据前文“Tolookmorebeautifulinpictures,youmusttakesomefactorsintoconsideration,oneofwhichisyourposture.Keepyourbackstraightandyourheadup.(为了在照片中看起来更漂亮，你必须考虑一些因素，其中之一就是你的姿势。保持背部挺直，抬头。)”可知，后文陈述这样姿势的效果。所以选择项A“Thiswillhelpyouappearthinner.(这会让你看起来更瘦。)”承接上文。故选A。18．C 段首题。根据后文“Standinfrontofamirrorandtrydifferentsmilesuntilyoufindonethatsuitsyou.Onceyou’vefiguredoutyourperfectlook,keeppractisinguntilyoursmilebecomesnaturalaswell.(站在镜子前，尝试不同的微笑，直到你找到一个适合你的。一旦你找到了自己完美的外表，继续练习，直到你的微笑变得自然)”可知，本段主要陈述如何在拍照中微笑。所以选择项C“Smileisalsooneofthemostimportantpartsofapicture.(微笑也是照片中最重要的部分之一。)”引起下文。故选C。19．E 段尾题。根据前句“Goodphotographerswillplacelightsbehindtheareawhereyouaretohaveyourpicturesdone.(好的摄影师会在你要拍摄的地方后面放置灯光。)”可知，这里介绍把光源放在被拍者身后的好处。所以选择项E“Bydoingthis,it’llcreateashadowoveryoutomakeyoulookthinner.(这样做，就会在你身上形成阴影，让你看起来更瘦。)”承接上文。故选E。20．B 段中题。根据前句“Ifyou’reunsureofyourselfwhenthepicturesarebeingtaken,yourlackofconfidencewillshowinthepicture.(如果你在拍照时对自己缺乏自信，你的缺乏自信会在照片中表现出来。)”和后句“Themorerelaxedandconfidentyouare,thebetteryou’llshowinthepicture.(你越放松，越自信，你在照片中显示的效果就越好。)”可知，这里针对空前拍照不自信问题所提出的建议是放松。所以选择项B“Sotrytorelaxandjustenjoytheoccasionyou’rein.(所以试着放松，享受你所处的场合。)”承上启下。故选B。阅读七选五(二)A(2021·江西重点中学盟校高三第一次联考)FieldGuide：HowtoTakeGreatHuntingVideos?Whetherit’sjustforfamilyandfriends,socialmediaorYouTube,moreandmorehuntersarerecordingvideosoftheirhunts.__1__Butifyoufollowthesetips,youwillsoonbewellonyourwaytofilminglikeaprofessional.StructureForYouTube,shorterisbetter(onetotenminutes)．Includeanintroduction,butkeepitshort,makeitinterestingandhighlightthewho,what,where,whenandwhy.__2__Becreativeandleaveviewerswantingmoreadditionalvideos.Storytelling第96页共177页
Toholdaviewer’sattention,youneedplentyofshortandcompleteelementstoimprovethestoryline.Examplesincludeasunrise,sunsetorsittingsilently.__3__Notethatclipslongerthan20secondscanbecomeboringtowatch,sotrytokeepthemtolessthaneightseconds.Equipment__4__Thepurposeistomakeeveryclipcleanandwelllit.Sometimes,themanualfocusissuperiortoautofocus.Mostoftoday’scamerashaveanimage-stabilizingfunction,butitisn’tenough—fewpeoplecanshootsteady,handheldvideos.Usesometoolstohelpholdthecamerastill.MessageWhatyouwanttoexpressinyourvideoisofgreatsignificance.Someoftoday’shuntingTVshowsoftenlosesightofthereasonswhywehunt.Evenwhenmakinghomevideos,weonlyfocusonthetrophy(战利品)．__5__A．Learntoproperlyuseyourrecordingdevice.B．Togetitright,it’stougherthanitlooks.C．Instead,beunique,attractiveandauthentic.D．Therefore,lackofskillswillaffecttheexperience.E．Alsoincludeasummary,suchasathankyoutoviewers.F．Theyareessentialwhenyou’reputtingthemtogethertocreateastoryline.G．However,theappreciationfortheexperienceofhuntingshouldalsobeconveyed.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了拍摄狩猎视频的四个技巧。1．B 段中题。根据后文“Butifyoufollowthesetips,youwillsoonbewellonyourwaytofilminglikeaprofessional.(但如果你遵循这些技巧，你很快就会像专业人士一样顺利地拍摄。)”可知，此处是指拍摄好的视频很难，所以需要遵循一些技巧。所以选项B(要做到这一点，要比看上去难多了。)承接上文。故选B。2．E 段中题。根据前文“Includeanintroduction,butkeepitshort,makeitinterestingandhighlightthewho,what,where,whenandwhy.(包括介绍，但要简短，要有趣，并强调谁、什么、在哪里、什么时候、为什么。)”可知，此处是讲视频要包括什么，再次提出时需要使用also来表示递进，所以选项E(也要包括一个总结，比如对观众的感谢。)切合文意，且符合“结构”的内容。故选E。3．F 段中题。根据小标题“Storytelling”(讲故事)可知，选项F(当你将它们组合在一起创造故事情节时，它们是必不可少的。)切合文意，且选项F中的them是指前文“Toholdaviewer’sattention,youneedplentyofshortandcompleteelementstoimprovethestoryline.(为了吸引观众的注意力，你需要大量短小完整的元素来完善故事情节。)”中的shortandcompleteelements。故选F。4．A 段首题。根据小标题“Equipment”(设备)和后文“Thepurposeistomakeeveryclip第96页共177页
cleanandwelllit.(目的是使每个剪辑干净和良好的照明。)”可知，此处是指要正确使用你的录音设备。所以选项A(学会正确使用你的录音设备。)承上启下。故选A。5．G 段尾题。根据前文“Someoftoday’shuntingTVshowsoftenlosesightofthereasonswhywehunt.(今天的一些关于狩猎的电视节目常常忽略了我们为什么狩猎。)”可知，此处是讲我们为什么狩猎的原因也很重要。所以选项G(然而，也应该表达对狩猎经验的欣赏。)切合文意。故选G。B(2021·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期第三次模拟)Ifyouonlyhadoneminute,orevenjust20seconds,toestablishagoodrelationshipwithsomeoneyou’venevermetbefore,howwouldyoudoit？HerearethreeAsthatyoumayfindhelpful.AwarenessGettingalongwithothersrequiresanawarenessofthreethings—theenvironment,time,andthepersonyouaremeeting.__6__Thesetting(e.g.,achurchversusagym)decideshowyoucommunicateandevenwhatyoushouldwear.Timeisalsoimportant.Doyouhavehours,minutes,orjustseconds？Thelessyouhave,themoreyouneedtothinkaboutwhatyouwillsayandhowyouwillsayit.Whileanawarenessofthesettingandtimeisimportant,soisourawarenessofothers.Ourimmediateassessmentofothers,theirmoodandemotionalstate,contributestogettingalong.Approachingsomeonewhentheyarestressedmaynotbethebestthingtodo.__7__AcceptanceSinceancienttimes,thewisehavesaid,“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”Thisisespeciallytrueinforeigncountries.__8__Changehowyoudothings,howyoudress,howyougreet,howyoutalk,sothatyouwillfitin.Don’tresistanddon’tinsistthatyouhavethingsyourway,orthatyouknowbetter.Itis,oncemore,notaboutyou.Itisabouttwothings—thesettingandfittinginwithothers.Respectthebeliefs,norms,customs,andpracticesofthoseyouwishtoengage.Mirrorthosearoundyou.It’sthesecretthatwisemenhaveusedsinceancienttimes.__9__Approachable__10__Smilingworkstoapoint,butyoumustmakewelcomingeyecontact.Yourbodylanguageshouldsay,“Iamfriendlyandapproachable.”A．Itisnodifferenttoday.B．Youneedtorespondwithasmile.C．Anditalsoappliesintheothersettings.D．Anawarenessoftheenvironmentgivesyouaheadstart.E．Instead,waitingjustahalf-hourcanmakeallthedifference.F．Ifyouwanttobelikedorfitin,youmustbebothaccessibleandfriendly.第96页共177页
G．Butwecan’texpectotherstodoforuswhatweshouldbedoingforourselves.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了与人打交道的三个原则：意识、接受、平易近人。6．D 段中题。根据空前“Gettingalongwithothersrequiresanawarenessofthreethings—theenvironment,time,andthepersonyouaremeeting.(和人打交道时需要注意的三个因素：环境、时间以及打交道的人。)”可知接下来应该是对这三要素进行阐述。D项“Anawarenessoftheenvironmentgivesyouaheadstart.”(交往中的环境意识可以给你一个良好的开端。)承接上文，故选D。7．E 段尾题。根据空前“Approachingsomeonewhentheyarestressedmaynotbethebestthingtodo.(在他人心情不好时接近人家可不是一个好主意。)”所以接下来应该是告诉我们正确的做法，E项“Instead,waitingjustahalf-hourcanmakeallthedifference.(相反，等半个小时，情况则可能不一样。)”可知与前文的错误做法是转折关系，符合语境，故选E。8．C 段中题。根据空前“’WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.’Thisisespeciallytrueinforeigncountries.(入乡随俗对身处异国他乡的人尤其适用。)”可知，入乡随俗除了适用于国外还适用于别的场合。再根据空后“Changehowyoudothings,howyoudress,howyougreet,howyoutalk...(改变你做事的方式、衣服，问候方式以及交流方式……)”具体举例适用于哪些场合，C项“Anditalsoappliesintheothersettings.(这个原则也可以用到别的场合。)”，是对上文补充和说明，符合语境，选项中的it指的就是上文提到的“入乡随俗”这个原则，故选C。9．A 段尾题。根据空前“It’sthesecretthatwisemenhaveusedsinceancienttimes.(自古以来，明智的人都会这样做。)”，A项“Itisnodifferenttoday.(如今也不例外。)”，与前句是对比关系，符合语境。故选A。10．F 段首题。根据小标题Approachable和后文“Smilingworkstoapoint...(笑容在一定程度上会起作用……)”以及“friendlyandapproachable(友好和平易近人)”可知，本段是在具体讲述“平易近人”原则。F项“Ifyouwanttobelikedorfitin,youmustbebothaccessibleandfriendly.(如果你想被人喜欢或者融入环境，你就得显得平易近人。)”与小标题是总分关系，符合文意，故选F。C(2021·山东省潍坊市高三二模4月)Yourpreschoolerispaintingwithfingers.Tryingtobeencouraging,youaskher,“Whatareyoumakingwiththismixofcolors？”andsheshrugs(耸肩)．Untilyoumentionedit,shehadn’tgivenitanythough.__11__Theylovethewayitfeelswhentheypourpaintonpaper,howitlookswhentheywildlydropglitter,andeventhesoftsoundabrushmakesasitcrossesthepage.Mostpreschoolersaren’tself-consciousaboutwhatthey’redoingorfocusedoncreatingafinishedproduct.__12__Butlettinggo—andallowingkidstoenjoytheprocessofcreation—can第96页共177页
harvestbigrewards.Childrenwillbebetteroffinthelongrunifthey’reallowedjusttobeinthemomentandexpressthemselves.Fostering(培养)creativitywon’tjustincreaseyourchild’schancesofbecomingthenextPicasso.__13__Askidsuseapaintbrush,theirfinemotorskillsimprove.Bycountingpiecesandcolors,theylearnthebasicsofmath.Whenchildrenexperimentwithmaterials,theydiveinscience.Mostimportantperhaps,whenkidsfeelgoodwhiletheyarecreating,arthelpsboostself-confidence.__14__Setupanartspacewhereyourkidcanbefreetoexperiment.Throwadropclothoranewspaperontopofyourkitchentableorinthegarage.Ifweatherpermits,letkidspaintoutside.Avoidgivingdirections.Don’ttellyourkidwhattomakeorhowtomakeit.Insteadofsaying,“Paintarainbow，”encourageherto“experimentwithmixingcolorsusingdifferenttypesofbrushesandpaper.”Whenachildfinishesapiece,don’tsuggestadditionsorchanges.__15__A．Sojustprepareforamess.B．Preschoolersliketobealone.C．Littlekidsaremastersofthemoment.D．Thatcanbehardforparentstoaccept.E．Remembertowarnthemagainsttheircarelessmistakes.F．You’realsohelpinghimdevelopmentally,socially,andemotionally.G．Letyourchildfeelhercreationisenough—evenifit’sjustadotonthepage.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何让孩子们自由创作，培养想象力，以及其好处。11．C 段中题。上文“Untilyoumentionedit,shehadn’tgivenitanythough.(在你提到这个问题之前，她还没有考虑过。)”说明孩子们不会主动思考自己的行为，设空处承上启下，下文“Theylovethewayitfeelswhentheypourpaintonpaper,howitlookswhentheywildlydropglitter,andeventhesoftsoundabrushmakesasitcrossesthepage.(他们喜欢把颜料倒在纸上的感觉，喜欢在纸上疯狂滴下闪光时的样子，甚至喜欢画笔在纸上划过时发出的轻柔声音。)”指出孩子们喜欢的几种行为。C项“小孩子是当下的主人。”符合文意，承上启下。故选C。12．D 段中题。根据上文“Mostpreschoolersaren’tself-consciousaboutwhatthey’redoingorfocusedoncreatingafinishedproduct.(大多数学龄前儿童对自己正在做的事情没有自我意识，也没有专注于制作成品。)”可知，大多数学龄前儿童不会主动考虑自己正在做的事情。下文“Butlettinggo—andallowingkidstoenjoytheprocessofcreation—canharvestbigrewards.(但是放手——让孩子们享受创造的过程——可以收获巨大的回报。)”与上文呈转折关系，指出应该放手去让孩子大胆创作。D项“这对父母来说很难接受。”第96页共177页
符合文意，与下文呈转折关系。故选D。13．F 段中题。上文“Fosteringcreativitywon’tjustincreaseyourchild’schancesofbecomingthenextPicasso.(培养创造力不仅仅会增加你的孩子成为下一个毕加索的机会。)”说明了培养创造力的一个好处。通过句中的“won’tjust(不仅仅)”可知，下文要介绍让孩子培养创造力的其他好处。F项“你也在帮助他发展精神、社交和情感。”符合文意。故选F。14．A 段首题。通过下文“Setupanartspacewhereyourkidcanbefreetoexperiment.Throwadropclothoranewspaperontopofyourkitchentableorinthegarage.Ifweatherpermits,letkidspaintoutside.Avoidgivingdirections.Don’ttellyourkidwhattomakeorhowtomakeit.Insteadofsaying,’Paintarainbow，’encourageherto’experimentwithmixingcolorsusingdifferenttypesofbrushesandpaper.’Whenachildfinishesapiece,don’tsuggestadditionsorchanges.(设立一个艺术空间，让你的孩子可以自由地进行实验。把一块抹布或一份报纸扔到你的厨房桌子上或车库里。如果天气允许，让孩子们在外面画画。避免指路。不要告诉你的孩子做什么或者怎么做。与其说“画彩虹”，不如鼓励她“尝试用不同类型的画笔和纸混合颜色”。当孩子画完一幅作品时，不要建议添加或更改。)”可知，本段主要介绍了要为孩子随时创作提供条件。设空处总结本段，A项“要准备好迎接混乱的局面。”为总结性话语，符合本段大意。故选A。15．G 段尾题。上文“Whenachildfinishesapiece,don’tsuggestadditionsorchanges.(当孩子画完一幅作品时，不要建议添加或更改。)”指出，当孩子完成一幅作品时，不要建议添加或修改。G项“让你的孩子感到她的创作是足够的，即使它只是页面上的一个点。”承接上文，符合文意。故选G。D(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市三中高三一模)Ifyou’relookingfornatural,chemical-freewaystocleanyourhome,looknofurtherthanthefruitbowlonyourkitchencounter.__16__Herearewaysalemoncanhelpyoutocleanyourentirehouse.Acommonuseoflemoniscleaningyourcuttingboards.Becauseit’stheplacewhereyouprepareyourfamily’sdinner,youprobablydon’twanttowashacuttingboardwithanythingotherthanthemostnaturalmaterials.__17__Toremovestainsfromwoodorplasticcuttingboardscutalemoninhalfandsqueezethejuiceontotheboard.Rubthejuiceinwiththelemonhalf,andthenletitsitfor20minutes.__18__Lemoncanalsohelpcleanstainedfoodcontainers.Ifyouhaveacupboardfullofdiscoloredplasticcontainers,letalemonworkitsstain-fightingmagic.Squeezelemonjuiceontothestainedplasticandrubwiththecutsideofthelemon.__19__Stubbornsaucestainswilldisappear.Lemoncanbeusedasadegreaser(除油器)onalmostanyhardsurfacebesideswood.Combinethemixtureoffreshlemonjuiceandbakingsodainaspraybottleandshake第96页共177页
well.Thelemonfightsstain,anddestroysbacteria,whilethesodaactsasagentlyrubbingagent.__20__Addstainedclothingtoapotofwaterwithafewlemonslices,andthenboilforafewminutes.Inthiswayyoucanfreshenuptheappearanceofwhiteclothesandtowels.A．Youmayjustaddalittlemorelemonjuice.B．Lemonshaveasurprisingamountofcleaningpower.C．Anotheruseoflemonisgettingwhiteclothesbrighter.D．Then,letthecontainersdryinthesunandwashnormally.E．Seizealemonandthenreachforthechemical-filledcleaningsprays.F．Luckily,thatlemonyouuseintherecipecandoubleasaboardcleaner.G．Thelemonacidwillworkonthestains,exposingafresh,cleancuttingboard.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章简述了柠檬对日常生活的洗护帮助极大。16．B 段中题。根据划线前句“Ifyou’relookingfornatural,chemical-freewaystocleanyourhome,looknofurtherthanthefruitbowlonyourkitchencounter.(如果你正在寻找天然、无化学物质的方法来打扫你的家，看看你厨房柜台上的水果盘就知道了。)”以及划线后句“Herearewaysalemoncanhelpyoutocleanyourentirehouse.(这里有一些柠檬可以帮助你清洁整个房子的方法。)”可知，前句在强调水果可以作为日常洗护的工具。后句在强调柠檬是一个不错的选择。因此B项“柠檬有惊人的清洁能力。”在此启承上启下的作用。B项切题。故选B。17．F 段中题。根据划线前句“Becauseit’stheplacewhereyouprepareyourfamily’sdinner,youprobablydon’twanttowashacuttingboardwithanythingotherthanthemostnaturalmaterials.(因为这是你为家人准备晚餐的地方，你可能不想用任何天然材料以外的东西来清洗切菜板。)”可知，因为切菜板是用来给家人准备晚餐的地方，所以不能用非天然的材料来清洗它。由此下文F项“幸运的是，你在食谱中使用的柠檬可以同时用作板清洁器。”表示柠檬用作清洁器是不错的选择。同时根据后文使用柠檬的方法可知，此处的F项切题。故选F。18．G 段尾题。根据划线前句“Rubthejuiceinwiththelemonhalf,andthenletitsitfor20minutes.(用柠檬汁擦完菜板后，将菜板静置20分钟。)”可知，G项“柠檬酸会对污渍起作用，露出新鲜干净的砧板。”强调用柠檬汁擦菜板后的效果。G项承接上文，切题。故选G。19．D 段中题。根据划线前句“Squeezelemonjuiceontothestainedplasticandrubwiththecutsideofthelemon.(将柠檬汁挤到沾有污渍的塑料上，然后用柠檬的切面擦拭。)”可知，这是用柠檬除去塑料污渍的第一步。故D项“然后，让容器在阳光下干燥并正常洗涤。”和前句构成递进关系。D项是去除污渍的第二步。D项切题。故选D。20．C 段首题。根据划线后的内容“Addstainedclothingtoapotofwaterwithafewlemon第96页共177页
slices,andthenboilforafewminutes.Inthiswayyoucanfreshenuptheappearanceofwhiteclothesandtowels.(将沾有污渍的衣服加到有几片柠檬片的水中，然后煮沸几分钟。这样，您可以使白色衣服和毛巾的外观焕然一新。)”可知，此处强调柠檬对洗白色衣服有效果。因此C项“柠檬的另一个用途是使白色的衣服更亮。”在此作为统领下文的作用，为本段的主旨句。C项切题。故选C。完形填空专项突破练习题汇编完形填空(一)A(2021·福建省武平县第一中学高三一模)WhenIwasinseventhgrade,Iwasacandystriper(志愿护士长)atalocalhospitalinmytown.MostofthetimeIspenttherewaswithMr.Gillespie.Heneverhadany__1__，andnobodyseemedtocareabouthis__2__.Ispentmanydaysthereholdinghishandandtalkingtohim,__3__anythingthatneededtobedone.Hebecameaclosefriendofmine,__4__herespondedwithonlya(n)__5__squeezeofmyhand.Mr.Gillespiewasinacoma(昏迷)．Ileftforaweektovacationwithmyparents,andwhenIcameback,Mr.Gillespiewas__6__.Ididn’thavethe__7__toaskanyofthenurseswherehewas,forfeartheymight__8__mehehaddied.Several__9__later,whenIwasajuniorinhighschool,IwasatthegasstationwhenInoticedafamiliarface.WhenI__10__whoitwas,myeyesfilledwithtears.Hewas__11__！IgotupthenervetoaskhimifhisnamewasMr.Gillespie.Witha(n)__12__ lookonhisface,herepliedyes.I__13__howIknewhim,andthatIhadspentmanyhourstalkingwithhiminthehospital.Hiseyeswelledupwithtears,andhegavemethewarmesthugIhadever__14__.Hebegantotellmehow,__15__helaytherecomatose,hecouldhearmetalkingtohimandcould__16__meholdinghishandthewholetime.Mr.Gillespie__17__believedthatitwasmyvoiceand__18__thathadkepthimalive.AlthoughIhaven’t__19__himsince,hefillsmyheartwith__20__everyday.IknowthatImadeadifferencebetweenhislifeandhisdeath.1．A.friends B．relativesC．patients D．visitors2．A.condition B．requirementC．interest D．thought3．A.talkingabout B．helpingwith第96页共177页
C．pointingout D．lookingfor4．A.sothat B．eventhoughC．soonafter D．justas5．A.occasional B．tightC．satisfactory D．warm6．A.dead B．madC．gone D．excited7．A.right B．chanceC．nerve D．time8．A.cheat B．tellC．remind D．warn9．A.days B．weeksC．months D．years10．A.realized B．wonderedC．heard D．asked11．A.alive B．greatC．successful D．lucky12．A.happy B．uncertainC．nervous D．proud13．A.apologized B．rememberedC．explained D．admitted14．A.received B．shownC．wanted D．dreamed15．A.because B．ifC．unless D．as16．A.notice B．feelC．imagine D．appreciate17．A.hardly B．immediatelyC．firmly D．wrongly18．A.humour B．touchC．encouragement D．treatment19．A.forgotten B．calledC．missed D．seen20．A.regret B．joy第96页共177页
C．respect D．sympathyB(2021·广西南宁市第二次适应性测试)Wefoundhimatourfrontdoor,frightenedandshaking.Mymomsaidwe’dtakecareofhimuntilwefoundoutwho’d__1__him.I’dalwayswantedadog,butwecouldn’thaveonebecausemysisterwas__2__.Nowattwelveyearsold,Istill__3__adog.Sofar,mywishhadbeen__4__.Butthelittlepuppygavemethe__5__toplaywith,feedandcareforadog.Ididn’t__6__tothinkofhimasmyown,butwhenawholedaywentbywithnobodyclaiming(认领)him,Ibeganto__7__.Itouchedhimallnight,__8__thatIwashisveryowner.Anotherdaywentby.ThepuppyandIwerebecoming__9__.However,Ihadtoremindmyselfthatsomebodywouldclaimhim__10__.Intheevening,somebody__11__toaskaboutthepuppy.Myheart__12__.Whenshehungupthephone,mymomhada__13__conversationwithmydad.Afewminuteslater,theycameoutandtoldusthatthepuppy,called“Fuzzer”，belongedtosomeother__14__.Theyalreadyhadanolderdogthatdidn’tgetalongwithFuzzer.Theirmomhadnever__15__tokeepFuzzerandwantedtofindhimanother__16__!MyparentssawhowwellI’d__17__withandcaredforFuzzer,andtheyknewIhadalwayswantedadog.__18__，mysisterhadnothadanallergicreactiontohim.MomtoldusthatFuzzerwas__19__now.FuzzandIgrewuptogetherandhewasmytrue__20__throughoutmyteenageyears.1．A.chosen B．lostC．hidden D．deserted2．A.fearful B．cruelC．impatient D．allergic3．A.longedfor B．cameacrossC．aimedat D．believedin4．A.fruitless B．secondaryC．ridiculous D．secure5．A.stage B．standardC．chance D．choice6．A.need B．dareC．wish D．fail7．A.hope B．worryC．regret D．puzzle8．A.doubting B．dreamingC．admitting D．promising第96页共177页
9．A.inseparable B．dynamicC．lonely D．depressed10．A.nowandthen B．overandoverC．soonerorlater D．backandforth11．A.visited B．indicatedC．called D．guaranteed12．A.stopped B．beatC．bled D．sank13．A.comfortable B．directC．endless D．private14．A.wanderers B．eldersC．kids D．soldiers15．A.appealed B．agreedC．pretended D．refused16．A.home B．jobC．friend D．cage17．A.struggled B．comparedC．dealt D．bonded18．A.Clearly B．CasuallyC．Amazingly D．Temporarily19．A.theirs B．hisC．hers D．ours20．A.defender B．companionC．toy D．possessionC(2021·江西省宜丰中学高三一模)ExpecttheUnexpectedAcoupleofweeksago,mygrandfatherwasexplaininghisfavoriteexpression,“Nothingisevereasy.”Thefollowingday,asItriedtocompletemyday’swork,Ihappenedto__1__abumblebee(大黄蜂)ontheskylight(天窗)．Theskylightwasparticularlyhighup,butIthought__2__thebeewouldtakenomorethanfiveminutes.Anhourlater,thebeestill__3__.Allthathadchangedwasthatthelivingroomwasa__4__andthatIwasdizzyfrom__5__intothesunlight.Ididnot__6__towasteanhouronatinyinsect,butbydoingso,Iunderstoodwhatmygrandfathermeant.Itisnotonlytimethatwetendto__7__—wedon’ttakeaccountofunexpectedcosts.We第96页共177页
oftenimaginewhatcanwork__8__，butweseldomthinkofallthe__9__thingsthatcouldaffectus.However,itisimportanttorememberthatyourdayofweekoryearmightnotgoasplanned,andthatiscompletelynormal.Itisperfectly__10__tofeelchallenged—evenatataskyouthoughtwassimple__11__thatispartoflife.Ifyoucanacceptthatnothingwilleverbeeasy,thenlifemightseemslightlymore__12__.In__13__school,IthoughthighschoolmightbeeasierbecauseIcouldchoosetheclassesIwantedtotake.Inhighschool,IthoughtcollegemightbeeasierbecauseIcouldhaveaschedule,__14__formyself.YetIwas__15__eachtime.Afteracceptingthatschoolwouldn’tbeeasy,Ifoundmyself__16__amorepositiveattitudeand__17__results.Ofcourse,thereshouldbepreparationsmadetotakeaccountof__18__ortime.Doingsocanonlyhelpyou__19__yourgoalsinabetterway.However,thereisnoneedtobeatourselvesup(过分自责)whensomethingstandsinour__20__.Maybewecannotseeabeecomingourway,butwecanalwaysgiveourselvestheextratimetocatchit.1．A.notice B．feedC．hear D．meet2．A.flying B．removingC．hitting D．running3．A.slept B．flowedC．came D．remained4．A.ruin B．labC．mess D．zoo5．A.jumpingup B．lookingupC．reflectingback D．trackingback6．A.expect B．hesitateC．try D．forget7．A.undergo B．undertakeC．underestimate D．understand8．A.inourway B．inourhonorC．inourmemory D．inourfavor9．A.positive B．negativeC．perfect D．natural10．A.accessible B．acceptableC．available D．agreeable11．A.because B．whileC．if D．unless第96页共177页
12．A.incredible B．manageableC．challenging D．inspiring13．A.nursery B．primaryC．middle D．public14．A.suitable B．tightC．full D．strict15．A.nervous B．satisfiedC．disappointed D．right16．A.beyond B．towardsC．with D．under17．A.improved B．directC．upset D．shocking18．A.expectation B．spaceC．reasons D．expenses19．A.set B．makeC．have D．accomplish20．A.passage B．heartC．house D．pathD(2021·云南省昆明市高三“三诊一模”模拟考试(三模))Over48,000orangetreesspreadallcornersofSeville,Spain.Theynotonlyfillthecity’sairwiththe__1__smelloforangeflowersinspring,butalso__2__over16,500tonsoffruiteverywinter.ThoughthatgivesSevillethe__3__ofbeingEurope’stoporange-producingcity,thefruitistoosourtobe__4__fresh.Whilesomeorangesareusedtomakejamandalcohol,mostofthem__5__landfills(垃圾填埋场)．Orangesarea__6__forthecity.However,thatmaychangesoonthankstoanideaofusingtheorangestoproducecleanenergy__7__.Theprogramis__8__bythecity’scouncilandparksdepartment.Juice__9__fromorangeswillbelefttoferment(发酵)inanexistingbiogasequipment.Thegasreleasedfromthefermentedliquidwillbeusedto__10__amachinetoproducecleanenergy.Theofficialsthinkit’snotjustabout__11__moneyandtheysayorangesare__12__producingextravaluefromwaste.Inthefirstperiodofa(n)__13__，1000kilosorangesproduced50kwhofcleanenergy—enoughto__14__thedailyelectricityneedsoffivehomes.Ifit’s__15__，by2023,thecityhopestorecyclealltheoranges.Ifallthefruitis__16__，itwillproduceenoughenergytopowerasmanyas73,000people.Thisprojectwillhelptoreachthe__17__forreducingpollutionandthefightagainstclimate第96页共177页
change.Thelatest__18__isamongthemanyplansacrossSpainto__19__thecountry’sgoalofswitchingitselectricitysystemto__20__sourcesby2050．1．A.pleasant B．naturalC．familiar D．strange2．A.attract B．distributeC．bear D．collect3．A.moment B．prideC．state D．dream4．A.protected B．soldC．picked D．consumed5．A.gobackto B．breakawayfromC．endupin D．giveinto6．A.problem B．reliefC．bid D．strength7．A.traditionally B．creativelyC．briefly D．slightly8．A.conducted B．abandonedC．measured D．recorded9．A.purified B．soughtC．obtained D．discovered10．A.fix B．driveC．wash D．design11．A.spending B．earningC．counting D．saving12．A.urgently B．occasionallyC．extremely D．actually13．A.experiment B．experienceC．competition D．performance14．A.expand B．satisfyC．survey D．remove15．A.complex B．flexibleC．successful D．simple16．A.displayed B．orderedC．eaten D．recycled第96页共177页
17．A.standards B．targetsC．conclusions D．agreements18．A.effort B．proofC．invention D．style19．A.oppose B．limitC．interrupt D．achieve20．A.repeated B．readaptedC．renewable D．reserved完形填空(二)A(2020－2021·宁夏银川一中高三下学期第二次模拟)Mymotherhasauniquewayofembarrassingherchildren.Whenevershegets__1__aboutsomething,shejumpsupanddown,screaming.We__2__thisasthe“sillydance”．Asherdaughter,Ifindthis__3__embarrassing.Anytimeshegoesintothesillydance,Iwill__4__slowlyaway,smileawkwardly,and__5__topeople,“No,she’snotmymother.”Eventhoughmymotherbroughtmemuch__6__whenIwaslittle,andeventhoughshe__7__doesthesillydancewhensomethinggoesherway,Inow__8__it.Becausethesillydanceshowsjustwhosheis,anditshowsthatshe’shappy.Ifshedidn’tdoher__9__andjustobeyedourwishesfor“not__10__，Mom”，shewouldcompromisewhosheis.Iowealotofmy__11__forthetheatertomymother.Inowsingpubliclylikemymotherdoes.Andmyfriendsarealwaysdoingthat__12__awkwardsmileandusually__13__undertheirbreath,“Carolyn,public.”SoinmanywaysI’mbecomingmymother.I’mnotgoingto__14__singingjustbecausepeoplefeelembarrassedatit.Ihaveno__15__thatIwillembarrassmyownchildrenwithmyperformanceofthe“sillydance”．Sowhat？That’swhoIam.It’smy__16__thateveryoneshoulddancetothebeatofherowndrum,eveniftheguynexttoyougivesyoua(n)__17__look.Ibelieveinthethingsthatsetus__18__.Ibelieveinbeingmyself,nomatterhowmanyawkwardsmilesI__19__.Ibelieveintheideathatnever__20__whoIam.1．A.excited B．disappointedC．confused D．concerned2．A.pickup B．seetoC．referto D．turnto3．A.primarily B．graduallyC．deliberately D．completely4．A.run B．rush第96页共177页
C．inch D．pull5．A.apologize B．explainC．complain D．respond6．A.annoyance B．curiosityC．satisfaction D．convenience7．A.even B．everC．never D．still8．A.avoid B．improveC．enjoy D．control9．A.business B．danceC．duty D．work10．A.inpublic B．inpersonC．inadvance D．invain11．A.affection B．talentC．sympathy D．admiration12．A.different B．unusualC．extra D．same13．A.shouting B．whisperingC．laughing D．cheering14．A.putoff B．focusonC．giveup D．turndown15．A.doubt B．chanceC．desire D．intention16．A.impression B．solutionC．ambition D．belief17．A.comforting B．specialC．strange D．appreciative18．A.aside B．awayC．down D．apart19．A.share B．receiveC．refuse D．remember20．A.misunderstand B．compromiseC．distinguish D．underestimateB第96页共177页
(2021·四川省达州市普通高中第二次诊断性测试)JoellaandJoannaare20-year-oldtwins.OnApril6,Joella__1__，onFacebookthatJoannawassufferingLeukemia,atypeofcancerthat__2__thebloodandbonemarrow(髓)．Andshe__3__shavedherheadalongsidehertwinsisterinamovingvideo,whichhassincegoneviral.__4__COVID-19lockdown(封城),Joannawasforcedtobeginherchemotherapytreatmentsaloneinthehospital.“Withoutherfamilythereto__5__herhandandwipehertearswhensheneedsit，”Joellasaidinthe__6__.“Theonlycontactwehadwithherwasthroughvideocallsandmessages，”Joellashared.“Itisa(n)__7__timeformyfamilybutespeciallyformy__8__.”WhenJoannamadethedifficultdecisiontoshaveherheadtomakeher__9__easier,Joella__10__hersisterbydoingthesame.“Icouldn’tlether__11__italonesoIdecidedwe’lldoittogetherjustlikeeverythingelsewe’vedonetogetherinthis__12__，”Joellaexplained.“I__13__yousomuch,mybeautifulsister.Youareafighterandwe’llfightthisbattletogether.”The__14__video,whichshowstheentirefamilyhuggingandwipingawayeachother’stearsasbothsistershavetheirheadsshaved,hasbeen__15__by11milliontimes,plusmorethan140,000__16__fromwell-wishersaroundtheglobe.“Yoursisterisstrongandbeautiful，”saidone__17__.“Shewillfightthisandwin.”Joellalater__18__aphotoofthetwosisterssmiling,looking__19__withtheirnewlyshavenheads.“Myfirstbestfriend，”she__20__thepicture.“Byyoursidethroughitall.”1．A.landed B．foundC．announced D．focused2．A.absorbs B．affectsC．cleans D．thickens3．A.regretfully B．painfullyC．hesitantly D．bravely4．A.Dueto B．AccordingtoC．Regardlessof D．Ratherthan5．A.lift B．giveC．shake D．hold6．A.letter B．videoC．interview D．hospital7．A.special B．hardC．important D．happy8．A.head B．hairC．sister D．mother第96页共177页
9．A.treatments B．achievementsC．feelings D．movements10．A.called B．supportedC．promised D．accompanied11．A.gothroughwith B．comeupwithC．getdownto D．goinfor12．A.case B．aspectC．life D．campaign13．A.love B．envyC．pity D．appreciate14．A.amusing B．excitingC．amazing D．touching15．A.noticed B．answeredC．collected D．viewed16．A.visits B．suggestionsC．presents D．comments17．A.user B．customerC．patient D．doctor18．A.sent B．tookC．shared D．compared19．A.nervous B．happyC．shy D．embarrassed20．A.signed B．mentionedC．captioned D．describedC(2021·安徽马鞍山市高三一模)Startingatage5,AeshaAshstudiedtap,jazzandballet.Shewantedtobea__1__onBroadway.Atage10,theschooltoldhershehadto__2__onekindofdance.Shethoughttheotherformsofdancewereeasierforherandshewanteda__3__.Shetalkedtohermom,whotoldherthatacareerinballetwouldbeevenmore__4__forherbecausefewballetdancerswereblack.However,thosewordshelpedAsh__5__.Shewouldprovetoherselfandtoeveryonethatshecould__6__anexcellentblackballetdancer.Shestartedstudyingballetmore__7__fromthenon.ThenAsh__8__theSchoolofAmericanBalletandworkedhardtowardherdream.Anytime第96页共177页
shefeltbullied(被欺凌),shetriedto__9__forherselfandshebecamemore__10__tosucceed.At18,herdream__11__whenshejoinedtheNewYorkCityBallet,whereshedancedmanyleadroles.Shebecame__12__!Yearslater,Ash__13__theSwanDreamsProject,acharitythatusesdanceandtheartsto__14__kids：Wheretheylive,howmuchmoneytheyhave,whattheir__15__isoranyoneelse’sideasaboutthemcannot__16__theirdreams.EventhoughAshhaswonawardsandpraise,thebiggest__17__，shesaid,ismakingherfamily__18__becauseshereachedherdream.“Allofthehardworkandsacrifice__19__，”shesaid.“Whenyouhavea__20__，believeitwithallofyourheart.”1．A.singer B．dancerC．director D．tutor2．A.create B．abandonC．choose D．observe3．A.guide B．performanceC．model D．challenge4．A.practical B．difficultC．comfortable D．expensive5．A.quit B．relaxC．decide D．bargain6．A.make B．findC．meet D．change7．A.seriously B．equallyC．randomly D．automatically8．A.built B．boughtC．entered D．repaired9．A.makeup B．standupC．lineup D．stayup10．A.determined B．hesitantC．curious D．unwilling11．A.turnedup B．fadedawayC．ranout D．cametrue12．A.disappointed B．professionalC．uncertain D．humorous13．A.found B．missedC．refused D．started第96页共177页
14．A.select B．employC．teach D．protect15．A.race B．nameC．gift D．mind16．A.realize B．limitC．hide D．expand17．A.stage B．puzzleC．trouble D．pleasure18．A.proud B．unitedC．calm D．merciful19．A.brokeup B．fellapartC．wentaway D．paidoff20．A.task B．dutyC．dream D．chanceD(2021·四川省凉山州高三第三次诊断考试)Footrace(竞走)isapopularactivityintheUS.Itisnotonlya__1__sport,butalso__2__asawaytoexercise.Though__3__runnersmayspendmonthstrainingtocompete,otherrunnersandwalkersmightnottrainatall.Theymightruninaneffortto__4__theirowntime,or__5__toenjoythefunandexercise.Peopleofall__6__，fromthoselessthanthreeyearsoldtothoseintheir80s,__7__thissport.Theracesareheldoncitystreets,oncollegecampuses,__8__parks,andinsuburbanareas,andcommonly5to10kilometersin__9__.The__10__footraceintheworldisthe12-kilometerBaytoBreakersraceheldinSanFranciscoeveryspring.Thisrace__11__ontheeastsideofthecitynearSanFranciscoBayandendsonthe__12__sideatthePacificOcean.Lastyeartherewere80,000people__13__inthisrace.Inthe__14__weretheseriousrunnerswhocompetetowin,andwhomightfinishinaslittleas34minutes.__15__themwerethethousandswhotakeseveralhourstofinish.Inthebackoftheracewerethosewhowearvariousclothingjustfor__16__.__17__，therewasagroupoffirefighterswhowereall__18__inalongline,carryingafire-hose(消防水龙带)．Oneyear,therewasawedding__19__，inwhichthebridedressedinalongwhitedressandthegroomworeatuxedo(无尾礼服)．They__20__flowerstoby-standers,andwereactuallymarriedatsomepointalongtheroute.1．A.cute B．humorousC．competitive D．strange2．A.accepted B．seen第96页共177页
C．referred D．known3．A.amateur B．famousC．ordinary D．serious4．A.beat B．saveC．waste D．value5．A.finally B．simplyC．partly D．certainly6．A.ages B．walksC．kinds D．nations7．A.turninto B．lookintoC．breakinto D．enterinto8．A.across B．throughC．over D．beneath9．A.size B．depthC．length D．height10．A.largest B．latestC．cheapest D．longest11．A.holds B．goesC．begins D．carries12．A.north B．southC．east D．west13．A.signing B．runningC．helping D．watching14．A.front B．backC．course D．process15．A.Fighting B．StrugglingC．Following D．Attempting16．A.medal B．prizeC．game D．fun17．A.Inaddition B．IntheoryC．Inbrief D．Inadvance18．A.wrapped B．tiedC．separated D．stuck19．A.picnic B．event第96页共177页
C．party D．parade20．A.sold B．presentedC．donated D．threw第96页共177页
参考答案与试题解析完形填空(一)A(2021·福建省武平县第一中学高三一模)WhenIwasinseventhgrade,Iwasacandystriper(志愿护士长)atalocalhospitalinmytown.MostofthetimeIspenttherewaswithMr.Gillespie.Heneverhadany__1__，andnobodyseemedtocareabouthis__2__.Ispentmanydaysthereholdinghishandandtalkingtohim,__3__anythingthatneededtobedone.Hebecameaclosefriendofmine,__4__herespondedwithonlya(n)__5__squeezeofmyhand.Mr.Gillespiewasinacoma(昏迷)．Ileftforaweektovacationwithmyparents,andwhenIcameback,Mr.Gillespiewas__6__.Ididn’thavethe__7__toaskanyofthenurseswherehewas,forfeartheymight__8__mehehaddied.Several__9__later,whenIwasajuniorinhighschool,IwasatthegasstationwhenInoticedafamiliarface.WhenI__10__whoitwas,myeyesfilledwithtears.Hewas__11__！IgotupthenervetoaskhimifhisnamewasMr.Gillespie.Witha(n)__12__ lookonhisface,herepliedyes.I__13__howIknewhim,andthatIhadspentmanyhourstalkingwithhiminthehospital.Hiseyeswelledupwithtears,andhegavemethewarmesthugIhadever__14__.Hebegantotellmehow,__15__helaytherecomatose,hecouldhearmetalkingtohimandcould__16__meholdinghishandthewholetime.Mr.Gillespie__17__believedthatitwasmyvoiceand__18__thathadkepthimalive.AlthoughIhaven’t__19__himsince,hefillsmyheartwith__20__everyday.IknowthatImadeadifferencebetweenhislifeandhisdeath.1．A.friends B．relativesC．patients D．visitors2．A.condition B．requirementC．interest D．thought3．A.talkingabout B．helpingwithC．pointingout D．lookingfor4．A.sothat B．eventhoughC．soonafter D．justas5．A.occasional B．tightC．satisfactory D．warm6．A.dead B．madC．gone D．excited7．A.right B．chance第177页共177页
C．nerve D．time8．A.cheat B．tellC．remind D．warn9．A.days B．weeksC．months D．years10．A.realized B．wonderedC．heard D．asked11．A.alive B．greatC．successful D．lucky12．A.happy B．uncertainC．nervous D．proud13．A.apologized B．rememberedC．explained D．admitted14．A.received B．shownC．wanted D．dreamed15．A.because B．ifC．unless D．as16．A.notice B．feelC．imagine D．appreciate17．A.hardly B．immediatelyC．firmly D．wrongly18．A.humour B．touchC．encouragement D．treatment19．A.forgotten B．calledC．missed D．seen20．A.regret B．joyC．respect D．sympathy【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者读七年级时，曾在当地的一家医院做志愿者护士。做志愿者期间，她经常陪着一名昏迷不醒的病人。多年后，他们重逢了，当年的病人认为是作者帮助他活下来，这也让作者的人生充满快乐。1．D 考查名词辨析。句意：从来没有人来看过他，似乎也没有人关心他的病情。A.friends朋友；B.relatives亲戚；C.patients病人；D.visitors拜访者。根据“nobodyseemedtocareabouthis__2__”可知，没有人关心他，可推测他没有任何拜访者。故选D。第177页共177页
2．A 考查名词辨析。句意：从来没有人来看过他，似乎也没有人关心他的病情。A.condition情况；B.requirement要求；C.interest兴趣；D.thought想法。根据上文“Heneverhadany__1__，”可知，Gillespie先生是个病人，他没有拜访者也没有人关心他的状况。故选A。3．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在那里待了很多天，握着他的手，和他说话，帮助他做任何需要做的事情。A.talkingabout谈论；B.helpingwith帮助；C.pointingout指出；D.lookingfor寻找。根据前文可知，没有其他人照顾他及“anythingthatneededtobedone”可推断作者在帮助他完成需要做的事情。故选B。4．B 考查连接词辨析。句意：他成了我的亲密朋友，尽管他只是偶尔捏一下我的手作为回应。A.sothat目的是；B.eventhough尽管；C.soonafter不久以后；D.justas正如。根据“Hebecameaclosefriendofmine”和“herespondedwithonlya(n)__5__squeezeofmyhand”可知，上下文之间形成逻辑上的转折关系。故选B。5．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：他成了我的亲密朋友，尽管他只是偶尔捏一下我的手作为回应。A.occasional偶尔的；B.tight紧的；C.satisfactory令人满意的；D.warm温暖的。根据“Mr.Gillespiewasinacoma(昏迷)．”可知，因为处于昏迷状态，只是偶尔捏一下作者的手作为回应。故选A。6．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：我和父母去度假了一周，回来的时候，吉莱斯皮先生已经走了。A.dead死亡的；B.mad疯狂的；C.gone离开的；D.excited兴奋的。根据“askanyofthenurseswherehewas”可知，他不在医院了，应该是离开了。故选C。7．C 考查名词辨析。句意：我没有勇气问任何一个护士他在哪里，因为我担心他们会告诉我他已经死了。A.right权力；B.chance机会；C.nerve勇气；D.time时间。根据“IgotupthenervetoaskhimifhisnamewasMr.Gillespie.”可知，此处是信息词nerve的原词复现。故选C。8．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我没有勇气问任何一个护士他在哪里，因为我担心他们会告诉我他已经死了。A.cheat欺骗；B.tell告诉；C.remind提醒；D.warn警告。根据“Ididn’thavethe__7__toaskanyofthenurseswherehewas”可推测，此处应是护士告知作者Gillespie先生离开的原因。故选B。9．D 考查名词辨析。句意：几年后，我上初中了，有一次在加油站，我注意到一张熟悉的脸。A.days天；B.weeks周；C.months月；D.years年。根据上文“WhenIwasinseventhgrade”及下文“whenIwasajuniorinhighschool”可知，很多年已经过去了。故选D。10．A 考查动词辨析。句意：当我意识到他是谁时，我的眼里充满了泪水。A.realized意识到；B.wondered想知道；C.heard听说；D.asked问。根据“whoitwas,myeyeswerefilledwithtears”可知，此时作者认出了Gillespie先生。故选A。11．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：他还活着！A.alive活着的；B.great伟大的；C.successful成功的；D.lucky幸运的。根据“Igotupthenervetoaskhimifhisnamewas第177页共177页
Mr.Gillespie.”可知，作者认出这个人是Gillespie先生，可推断出他还活着。故选A。12．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：我鼓起勇气问他是否叫吉莱斯皮先生，他脸上带着不确定的表情，回答是。A.happy开心的；B.uncertain不确定的；C.nervous紧张的；D.proud骄傲的。根据“Hebecameaclosefriendofmine,__4__herespondedwithonlya(n)__5__squeezeofmyhand.Mr.Gillespiewasinacoma(昏迷)．”可知，当时Gillespie正处于昏迷，对作者没有记忆，可推断当作者问他名字时，他对于自己是否认识作者应该是不确定的。故选B。13．C 考查动词辨析。句意：我解释了我是如何认识他的，我在医院里和他聊了好几个小时。A.apologized道歉；B.remembered记得；C.explained解释；D.admitted承认。根据上文Gillespie先生的反应可知，此处指作者在向他解释自己是如何认识和陪伴他的。故选C。14．A 考查动词辨析。句意：他的眼里噙满了泪水，他给了我一个我曾经得到过的最温暖的拥抱。A.received接收；B.shown展示；C.wanted想要；D.dreamed梦想。根据“hegavemethewarmesthug”可知，他给了作者一个拥抱，因此作者获得了这个拥抱。故选A。15．D 考查连接词辨析。句意：他开始告诉我，他躺在那里昏迷不醒，他能听到我和他说话，能感觉到我一直握着他的手。A.because因为；B.if如果；C.unless除非；D.as当……时候。此处是时间状语从句，要用as引导。故选D。16．B 考查动词辨析。句意：他开始告诉我，他躺在那里昏迷不醒，他能听到我和他说话，能感觉到我一直握着他的手。A.notice注意；B.feel感觉；C.imagine想象；D.appreciate欣赏，感激。根据“holdinghishandthewholetime”可知，这属于触觉，可推断他能感觉作者握着他的手。故选B。17．C 考查副词辨析。句意：吉莱斯皮先生坚信是我的声音和触摸让他活了下来。A.hardly几乎不；B.immediately立刻；C.firmly坚定地；D.wrongly错误地。根据“believed”和Gillespie先生的态度可知，firmly符合语境。故选C。18．B 考查名词辨析。句意：吉莱斯皮先生坚信是我的声音和触摸让他活了下来。A.humour幽默；B.touch触摸；C.encouragement鼓励；D.treatment治疗，对待。根据“holdinghishand”可知，此处指触摸。故选B。19．D 考查动词辨析。句意：虽然我再也没有见过他，但他每天都让我的心充满欢乐。A.forgotten忘记；B.called呼叫；C.missed错过，思念；D.seen看见。根据“AlthoughIhaven’t”可知，此处表示作者再也没见过Gillespie先生。故选D。20．B 考查名词辨析。句意：虽然我再也没有见过他，但他每天都让我的心充满欢乐。A.regret后悔；B.joy快乐；C.respect尊重；D.sympathy同情。根据“IknowthatImadeadifferencebetweenhislifeandhisdeath.”可知，因为作者的帮助，Gillespie先生活了过来，可推断作者每天都因为这件事感到开心和快乐。故选B。第177页共177页
B(2021·广西南宁市第二次适应性测试)Wefoundhimatourfrontdoor,frightenedandshaking.Mymomsaidwe’dtakecareofhimuntilwefoundoutwho’d__1__him.I’dalwayswantedadog,butwecouldn’thaveonebecausemysisterwas__2__.Nowattwelveyearsold,Istill__3__adog.Sofar,mywishhadbeen__4__.Butthelittlepuppygavemethe__5__toplaywith,feedandcareforadog.Ididn’t__6__tothinkofhimasmyown,butwhenawholedaywentbywithnobodyclaiming(认领)him,Ibeganto__7__.Itouchedhimallnight,__8__thatIwashisveryowner.Anotherdaywentby.ThepuppyandIwerebecoming__9__.However,Ihadtoremindmyselfthatsomebodywouldclaimhim__10__.Intheevening,somebody__11__toaskaboutthepuppy.Myheart__12__.Whenshehungupthephone,mymomhada__13__conversationwithmydad.Afewminuteslater,theycameoutandtoldusthatthepuppy,called“Fuzzer”，belongedtosomeother__14__.Theyalreadyhadanolderdogthatdidn’tgetalongwithFuzzer.Theirmomhadnever__15__tokeepFuzzerandwantedtofindhimanother__16__!MyparentssawhowwellI’d__17__withandcaredforFuzzer,andtheyknewIhadalwayswantedadog.__18__，mysisterhadnothadanallergicreactiontohim.MomtoldusthatFuzzerwas__19__now.FuzzandIgrewuptogetherandhewasmytrue__20__throughoutmyteenageyears.1．A.chosen B．lostC．hidden D．deserted2．A.fearful B．cruelC．impatient D．allergic3．A.longedfor B．cameacrossC．aimedat D．believedin4．A.fruitless B．secondaryC．ridiculous D．secure5．A.stage B．standardC．chance D．choice6．A.need B．dareC．wish D．fail7．A.hope B．worryC．regret D．puzzle8．A.doubting B．dreamingC．admitting D．promising9．A.inseparable B．dynamic第177页共177页
C．lonely D．depressed10．A.nowandthen B．overandoverC．soonerorlater D．backandforth11．A.visited B．indicatedC．called D．guaranteed12．A.stopped B．beatC．bled D．sank13．A.comfortable B．directC．endless D．private14．A.wanderers B．eldersC．kids D．soldiers15．A.appealed B．agreedC．pretended D．refused16．A.home B．jobC．friend D．cage17．A.struggled B．comparedC．dealt D．bonded18．A.Clearly B．CasuallyC．Amazingly D．Temporarily19．A.theirs B．hisC．hers D．ours20．A.defender B．companionC．toy D．possession【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家捡到了一只走丢的小狗，作者在和小狗相处的过程中建立的深厚的友谊，最后作者家收养了这只名叫Fuzzer的小狗。1．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我妈妈说我们会照顾他直到我们找到是谁弄丢了他。A.chosen选择；B.lost失去；C.hidden隐藏；D.deserted遗弃。结合下文可知，作者一家捡到的是一只小狗，他们给小狗找主人，所以是找到丢失了这只狗的人。故选B。2．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：我一直想养只狗，但我们不能养，因为我妹妹对狗过敏。A.fearful可怕的；B.cruel残酷的；C.impatient不耐烦的；D.allergic过敏的。呼应下文中“mysisterhadnothadanallergicreactiontohim”指妹妹对狗过敏。故选D。3．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在12岁了，我仍然渴望有条狗。A.longedfor渴望；B.cameacross偶遇；C.aimedat目的在于；D.believedin相信。结合上文“I’dalwayswantedadog”以及“Nowattwelveyearsold,Istill”可知，作者如今12岁仍然渴望养狗。故选A。第177页共177页
4．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：到目前为止，我的愿望一直没有结果。A.fruitless没有结果的，不成功的；B.secondary次要的；C.ridiculous可笑的；D.secure安全的。上文提到因为妹妹对狗过敏，所以作者家没有养狗，所以到目前为止，作者的愿望一直没有结果。故选A。5．C 考查名词辨析。句意：但是这只小狗给了我和它玩耍、喂食和照顾它的机会。A.stage阶段；B.standard标准；C.chance机会；D.choice选择。根据上下文“Butthelittlepuppygavemethe...toplaywith,feedandcareforadog.”可知，走丢的狗给了作者和它玩耍、喂食和照顾它的机会。givesb.thechancetodosth.“给某人做某事的机会”。故选C。6．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我不敢认为他是我的，但当整整一天过去了，没有人认领他时，我开始有了希望。A.need需要；B.dare胆敢；C.wish希望；D.fail失败。结合下文“tothinkofhimasmyown,butwhenawholedaywentbywithnobodyclaiminghim”可知，因为狗是走丢的，可能会有人来认领，因此作者不敢认为狗是属于自己的。故选B。7．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我不敢认为他是我的，但当整整一天过去了，没有人认领他时，我开始有了希望。A.hope希望；B.worry担心；C.regret后悔；D.puzzle使困惑。根据上文“whenawholedaywentbywithnobodyclaiminghim,Ibeganto”可知，随着这一天过去，还没有人认领这只狗，作者觉得自己有了把狗留下的希望。故选A。8．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我整夜摸着他，梦想我就是他的真正主人。A.doubting怀疑；B.dreaming梦想；C.admitting承认；D.promising承诺。根据下文“thatIwashisveryowner”可知，作者如今还不是狗的主人，因此是梦想自己是他的主人。故选B。9．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：小狗和我形影不离。A.inseparable不可分的；B.dynamic动态的；C.lonely寂寞的；D.depressed沮丧的。结合上文“Anotherdaywentby.ThepuppyandIwerebecoming”可知，随着时间过去，作者和狗的感情日益深厚，变得形影不离。故选A。10．C 考查固定短语辨析。句意：然而，我不得不提醒自己，迟早会有人来认领他的。A.nowandthen偶尔；B.overandover反复；C.soonerorlater迟早；D.backandforth反复地。根据上文“However,Ihadtoremindmyselfthatsomebodywouldclaimhim”可知，狗是别人家的，所以迟早会有人来认领他的。故选C。11．C 考查动词辨析。句意：晚上，有人打电话来询问小狗的情况。A.visited拜访；B.indicated表明；C.called打电话；D.guaranteed保证。根据下文“Whenshehungupthephone”可知，此处是打电话来询问狗的情况。故选C。12．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我的心一沉。A.stopped停止；B.beat打败；C.bled流血；D.sank下沉。结合上文“toaskaboutthepuppy”可知，有人来问狗的情况，得知有人可能要来认领狗，和狗感情很好的作者应该是心一沉，故选D。13．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：我妈妈挂了电话后，和我爸爸进行了一次私人谈话。A.comfortable舒服的；B.direct直接的；C.endless无尽的；D.private私人的。根据下文“Afew第177页共177页
minuteslater,theycameoutandtoldusthatthepuppy”可知，妈妈先是和父亲进行了私人谈话，然后才出来告诉作者他们狗的情况。故选D。14．C 考查名词辨析。句意：几分钟后，他们出来告诉我们，这只名叫“Fuzzer”的小狗是其他孩子的。A.wanderers流浪者；B.elders老人；C.kids孩子；D.soldiers士兵。结合上文“thepuppy,called’Fuzzer’，belongedtosomeother”以及选项可知，这只狗名叫Fuzzer，属于其他孩子，kids符合语境。故选C。15．B 考查动词辨析。句意：他们的妈妈从来没有同意过要留下Fuzzer，她想给它找一个新家！A.appealed呼吁；B.agreed同意；C.pretended假装；D.refused拒绝。根据下文“tokeepFuzzerandwantedtofindhimanother”可知，Fuzzer原来的主人家里妈妈从来没有同意收留Fuzzer。故选B。16．A 考查名词辨析。句意：他们的妈妈从来没有同意过要留下Fuzzer，她想给他找一个新家！A.home家；B.job工作；C.friend朋友；D.cage笼子。上文提到Fuzzer的主人家没有想过留下Fuzzer，所以是想给他找一个新家。故选A。17．D 考查动词辨析。句意：我的父母看到了我和Fuzzer相处得多么好，他们也知道我一直想要一只狗。A.struggled挣扎；B.compared比较；C.dealt处理；D.bonded结合。根据下文“withandcaredforFuzzer”结合上文作者和Fuzzer形影不离，他们相处得很好，bondwith“建立关系”。故选D。18．C 考查副词辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我妹妹对他没有过敏反应。A.Clearly清楚地；B.Casually随便地；C.Amazingly惊人地；D.Temporarily临时地。根据下文“mysisterhadnothadanallergicreactiontohim.”可知，本来对狗过敏的妹妹居然对Fuzzer没有过敏反应，这令人惊讶。故选C。19．D 考查代词辨析。句意：妈妈告诉我们Fuzzer现在是我们的了。A.theirs他们的；B.his他的；C.hers她的；D.ours我们的。根据上文可知，作者的父母同意收留Fuzzer了，因此Fuzzer现在是“我们的”了。故选D。20．B 考查名词辨析。句意：我和Fuzzer一起长大，在我的青少年时期，他是我真正的伙伴。A.defender后卫；B.companion伙伴；C.toy玩具；D.possession财产。根据上文“FuzzandIgrewuptogetherandhewasmytrue”可知，作者和Fuzzer一起长大，他们是伙伴。故选B。C(2021·江西省宜丰中学高三一模)ExpecttheUnexpectedAcoupleofweeksago,mygrandfatherwasexplaininghisfavoriteexpression,“Nothingisevereasy.”Thefollowingday,asItriedtocompletemyday’swork,Ihappenedto__1__abumblebee(大黄蜂)ontheskylight(天窗)．Theskylightwasparticularlyhighup,butIthought__2__thebeewouldtakenomorethanfiveminutes.Anhourlater,thebeestill__3__.第177页共177页
Allthathadchangedwasthatthelivingroomwasa__4__andthatIwasdizzyfrom__5__intothesunlight.Ididnot__6__towasteanhouronatinyinsect,butbydoingso,Iunderstoodwhatmygrandfathermeant.Itisnotonlytimethatwetendto__7__—wedon’ttakeaccountofunexpectedcosts.Weoftenimaginewhatcanwork__8__，butweseldomthinkofallthe__9__thingsthatcouldaffectus.However,itisimportanttorememberthatyourdayofweekoryearmightnotgoasplanned,andthatiscompletelynormal.Itisperfectly__10__tofeelchallenged—evenatataskyouthoughtwassimple__11__thatispartoflife.Ifyoucanacceptthatnothingwilleverbeeasy,thenlifemightseemslightlymore__12__.In__13__school,IthoughthighschoolmightbeeasierbecauseIcouldchoosetheclassesIwantedtotake.Inhighschool,IthoughtcollegemightbeeasierbecauseIcouldhaveaschedule,__14__formyself.YetIwas__15__eachtime.Afteracceptingthatschoolwouldn’tbeeasy,Ifoundmyself__16__amorepositiveattitudeand__17__results.Ofcourse,thereshouldbepreparationsmadetotakeaccountof__18__ortime.Doingsocanonlyhelpyou__19__yourgoalsinabetterway.However,thereisnoneedtobeatourselvesup(过分自责)whensomethingstandsinour__20__.Maybewecannotseeabeecomingourway,butwecanalwaysgiveourselvestheextratimetocatchit.1．A.notice B．feedC．hear D．meet2．A.flying B．removingC．hitting D．running3．A.slept B．flowedC．came D．remained4．A.ruin B．labC．mess D．zoo5．A.jumpingup B．lookingupC．reflectingback D．trackingback6．A.expect B．hesitateC．try D．forget7．A.undergo B．undertakeC．underestimate D．understand8．A.inourway B．inourhonorC．inourmemory D．inourfavor9．A.positive B．negativeC．perfect D．natural10．A.accessible B．acceptable第177页共177页
C．available D．agreeable11．A.because B．whileC．if D．unless12．A.incredible B．manageableC．challenging D．inspiring13．A.nursery B．primaryC．middle D．public14．A.suitable B．tightC．full D．strict15．A.nervous B．satisfiedC．disappointed D．right16．A.beyond B．towardsC．with D．under17．A.improved B．directC．upset D．shocking18．A.expectation B．spaceC．reasons D．expenses19．A.set B．makeC．have D．accomplish20．A.passage B．heartC．house D．path【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过花一个小时驱赶天窗上的大黄蜂但没成功的经历，明白了祖父最喜欢的话——没有什么是容易的。我们应该时刻为挑战做好准备，以积极的态度迎接挑战。1．A 考查动词辨析。句意：第二天，当我想完成一天的工作时，我碰巧注意到天窗上有一只大黄蜂。A.notice注意；B.feed喂养；C.hear听到；D.meet遇到。根据“Thefollowingday,asItriedtocompletemyday’swork”并结合下文作者驱赶大黄蜂的经历可知，作者注意到大黄蜂在天窗上。故选A。2．B 考查动词辨析。句意：天窗特别高，但我以为赶走蜜蜂不会超过五分钟。A.flying飞；B.removing去除；C.hitting袭击；D.running跑。根据常识和“Anhourlater,thebeestill__3__.”可知，作者想把大黄蜂从房间里赶走。故选B。3．D 考查动词辨析。句意：一个小时后，蜜蜂仍然留在原地。A.slept睡觉；B.flowed流动；C.came来；D.remained保持。“Anhourlater”和“still”可知，作者赶了一个小时，蜜蜂仍然留在原地。故选D。第177页共177页
4．C 考查名词辨析。句意：唯一改变的是客厅一片狼藉，而我抬头望着阳光，感到头晕目眩。A.ruin毁灭；B.lab实验室；C.mess混乱；D.zoo动物园。根据常识和“Allthathadchanged”可知，作者驱赶大黄蜂把房间弄得一片混乱。故选C。5．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：唯一改变的是客厅一片狼藉，而我抬头望着阳光，感到头晕目眩。A.jumpingup跳起；B.lookingup抬头看；C.reflectingback反射；D.trackingback走回。根据“intothesunlight”可知，作者抬头看阳光时头晕目眩。故选B。6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：我没有想到要在一只小昆虫上浪费一个小时，但这样做，我明白了爷爷的意思。A.expect期盼，料想；B.hesitate犹豫；C.try试着；D.forget忘记。根据“wasteanhouronatinyinsect”可知，作者没有想到要在一只小昆虫上浪费一个小时。故选A。7．C 考查动词辨析。句意：我们往往低估的不仅是时间——我们也没有考虑到意料之外的成本。A.undergo经历；B.undertake从事；C.underestimate低估；D.understand理解。根据“wedon’ttakeaccountofunexpectedcosts”可知，我们低估的不仅是时间。故选C。8．D 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们经常想象什么对我们有利，但我们很少想到所有可能影响我们的负面事情。A.inourway以我们的方式；B.inourhonor向我们表示敬意；C.inourmemory在我们记忆中；D.inourfavor对我们有利。根据“butweseldomthinkofallthe__9__thingsthatcouldaffectus”可知，我们经常想象对我们有利的事情，但很少考虑影响我们的事情。故选D。9．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：我们经常想象什么对我们有利，但我们很少想到所有可能影响我们的负面事情。A.positive积极的；B.negative消极的；C.perfect完美的；D.natural自然的。根据but可知，前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，与favor相反，并且影响我们的应该是消极的负面的事情。故选B。10．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：感到有挑战是完全可以接受的——即使是你认为很简单的任务，因为这是生活的一部分。A.accessible可得到的；B.acceptable可接受的；C.available可利用的；D.agreeable一致的。根据“evenatataskyouthoughtwassimple__11__thatispartoflife”可知，因为简单的任务也有挑战，所以感到有挑战是完全可以接受的。故选B。11．A 考查连词辨析。句意：感到有挑战是完全可以接受的——即使是你认为很简单的任务，因为这是生活的一部分。A.because因为；B.while然而；C.if如果；D.unless除非。根据“evenatataskyouthoughtwassimple”可知，因为挑战是生活的一部分。故选A。12．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：你可以接受没有什么事情会是容易的，这样生活就会变得更容易管理。A.incredible难以置信的；B.manageable易管理的；C.challenging挑战的；D.inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据“Ifyoucanacceptthatnothingwilleverbeeasy”可知，这样生活可能看起来会稍微容易一些。故选B。第177页共177页
13．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：在初中，我认为高中可能会更容易，因为我可以选择我想要的课程。A.nursery幼儿教育的；B.primary初级的；C.middle中间的；D.public公众的。根据“IthoughthighschoolmightbeeasierbecauseIcouldchoosetheclassesIwantedtotake.”可知，作者在初中想象高中的情况。故选C。14．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：在高中，我认为大学可能会更容易，因为我可以有一个适合自己的时间表。A.suitable合适的；B.tight紧的；C.full完全的；D.strict严格的。根据“Inhighschool,IthoughtcollegemightbeeasierbecauseIcouldhaveaschedule”可知，作者认为在大学可以有一个最适合自己的时间表。故选A。15．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：然而我每次都很失望。A.nervous紧张的；B.satisfied满意的；C.disappointed失望的；D.right正确的。根据“Afteracceptingthatschoolwouldn’tbeeasy,Ifoundmyself__16__amorepositiveattitudeand__17__results.”可知，作者对下一阶段的每次期望最后都很失望。故选C。16．C 考查介词辨析。句意：在接受了学校并不容易的事实后，我发现自己有了更积极的态度和更好的成绩。A.beyond超出；B.towards朝；C.with随着；带着；D.under在……下。根据“Afteracceptingthatschoolwouldn’tbeeasy”可知，作者有了积极的态度和更好的成绩。故选C。17．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：在接受了学校并不容易的事实后，我发现自己有了更积极的态度和更好的成绩。A.improved改进的；B.direct直接的；C.upset心烦的；D.shocking令人震惊的。根据“amorepositiveattitude”可知，积极的态度自然会带来成绩提高。故选A。18．D 考查名词辨析。句意：当然，要考虑到费用和时间，做好准备。A.expectation期望；B.space空间；C.reasons原因；D.expenses花费。根据“wedon’ttakeaccountofunexpectedcosts”可知，做好准备应该考虑费用和时间。故选D。19．D 考查动词辨析。句意：这样做只会帮助你以更好的方式实现你的目标。A.set设置；B.make制作；C.have有；D.accomplish完成。accomplishgoals实现目标。根据“Ofcourse,thereshouldbepreparationsmadetotakeaccountof__18__ortime.”可知，做好准备可以帮助实现目标。故选D。20．D 考查名词辨析。句意：然而，当某些东西挡在我们的道路上时，我们没有必要过分自责。A.passage文章；B.heart心脏；C.house房子；D.path路。根据“Maybewecannotseeabeecomingourway,butwecanalwaysgiveourselvestheextratimetocatchit.”可知，当有事物挡住我们的路时，没必要过分自责。故选D。D(2021·云南省昆明市高三“三诊一模”模拟考试(三模))Over48,000orangetreesspreadallcornersofSeville,Spain.Theynotonlyfillthecity’sairwiththe__1__smelloforangeflowersinspring,butalso__2__over16,500tonsoffruiteverywinter.ThoughthatgivesSevillethe__3__ofbeingEurope’stoporange-producingcity,thefruitistoosourtobe__4__fresh.Whilesomeorangesareusedtomakejamandalcohol,mostofthem第177页共177页
__5__landfills(垃圾填埋场)．Orangesarea__6__forthecity.However,thatmaychangesoonthankstoanideaofusingtheorangestoproducecleanenergy__7__.Theprogramis__8__bythecity’scouncilandparksdepartment.Juice__9__fromorangeswillbelefttoferment(发酵)inanexistingbiogasequipment.Thegasreleasedfromthefermentedliquidwillbeusedto__10__amachinetoproducecleanenergy.Theofficialsthinkit’snotjustabout__11__moneyandtheysayorangesare__12__producingextravaluefromwaste.Inthefirstperiodofa(n)__13__，1000kilosorangesproduced50kwhofcleanenergy—enoughto__14__thedailyelectricityneedsoffivehomes.Ifit’s__15__，by2023,thecityhopestorecyclealltheoranges.Ifallthefruitis__16__，itwillproduceenoughenergytopowerasmanyas73,000people.Thisprojectwillhelptoreachthe__17__forreducingpollutionandthefightagainstclimatechange.Thelatest__18__isamongthemanyplansacrossSpainto__19__thecountry’sgoalofswitchingitselectricitysystemto__20__sourcesby2050．1．A.pleasant B．naturalC．familiar D．strange2．A.attract B．distributeC．bear D．collect3．A.moment B．prideC．state D．dream4．A.protected B．soldC．picked D．consumed5．A.gobackto B．breakawayfromC．endupin D．giveinto6．A.problem B．reliefC．bid D．strength7．A.traditionally B．creativelyC．briefly D．slightly8．A.conducted B．abandonedC．measured D．recorded9．A.purified B．soughtC．obtained D．discovered10．A.fix B．driveC．wash D．design11．A.spending B．earningC．counting D．saving第177页共177页
12．A.urgently B．occasionallyC．extremely D．actually13．A.experiment B．experienceC．competition D．performance14．A.expand B．satisfyC．survey D．remove15．A.complex B．flexibleC．successful D．simple16．A.displayed B．orderedC．eaten D．recycled17．A.standards B．targetsC．conclusions D．agreements18．A.effort B．proofC．invention D．style19．A.oppose B．limitC．interrupt D．achieve20．A.repeated B．readaptedC．renewable D．reserved【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了利用西班牙城市塞维利亚产量过剩的橘子来发电，并期待利用这一手段推动低碳环保进程。1．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：它们不仅在春天使城市空气中弥漫着橘子花的宜人气味，而且每年冬天结出超过16500吨的水果。A.pleasant令人愉悦的；B.natural自然的；C.familiar相似的；D.strange奇怪的。根据文中“smelloforangeflowers”可知，此处描述的是橘子花的味道，用“令人愉悦的”符合句意。故选A。2．C 考查动词辨析。句意：它们不仅在春天使城市空气中弥漫着橘子花的宜人气味，而且每年冬天结出超过16500吨的水果。A.attract吸引；B.distribute分配；C.bear结果实；D.collect收集。根据文中“over16,500tonsoffruit”可知，此处表示结出超过16500吨的果实。故选C。3．B 考查名词辨析。句意：尽管这让塞维利亚成为欧洲最大的橘子生产城市，但这种水果太酸了，不能新鲜的食用。A.moment片刻；B.pride自豪，骄傲；C.state状态；D.dream梦。根据句意可知塞尔维亚成为欧洲最大的橘子城是令人骄傲的。故选B。4．D 考查动词辨析。句意：尽管这让塞维利亚成为欧洲最大的橘子生产城市，但这种水果太酸了，不能新鲜的食用。A.protected保护；B.sold售卖；C.picked选择；D.consumed消费，食用。根据句意“thefruitistoosour”可知，水果太酸了，不能新鲜食用。故选D。第177页共177页
5．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然一些橙子被用来做果酱和酒，但它们大多数最终都会被填埋。A.gobackto回到；B.breakawayfrom挣脱；C.endupin结束于；D.giveinto屈服于。根据上文“Whilesomeorangesareusedtomakejamandalcohol”可知，虽然有些橙子被用来制作果酱和酒，但大多数还是会被填埋，endupin“结束于”符合题意。故选C。6．A 考查名词辨析。句意：橘子对这个城市来说是个问题。A.problem问题；B.relief宽慰；C.bid投标；D.strength力气。根据上文“mostofthemendupinlandfills”可知，此处想表示橘子都被填埋了，所以橘子对于这个城市来说是一个问题。故选A。7．B 考查副词辨析。句意：然而，这种情况可能很快就会改变，这要归功于利用橙子创造性地生产清洁能源的想法。A.traditionally传统上；B.creatively创造性地；C.briefly短暂地；D.slightly略微。根据文中“thankstoanideaofusingtheorangestoproducecleanenergy”可知，此处表示这个是一个新的想法，所以是有创造力的。故选B。8．A 考查动词辨析。句意：该项目由市议会和公园部门负责。A.conducted执行，安排；B.abandoned抛弃；C.measured测量；D.recorded记录。根据句意可知，此处表示市议会和公园部门负责该项目。故选A。9．C 考查动词辨析。句意：从橙子中提取的果汁将留着在现有的沼气设备中发酵。A.purified净化；B.sought寻找；C.obtained获得；D.discovered发现。根据句意可知，此处表示橘子变成橘子汁，即从橘子中提取橘子汁。故选C。10．B 考查动词辨析。句意：从发酵液中释放出来的气体将被用来驱动机器生产清洁能源。A.fix安装；B.drive驾驶，驱动；C.wash洗；D.design设计。根据文中“machinetoproducecleanenergy”可知，此处表示驱动机器来生产清洁能源。故选B。11．D 考查动词辨析。句意：官员认为这不仅仅省钱，他们还说橘子实际上是从废物中产生了额外的价值。A.spending支出；B.earning赚得；C.counting计算；D.saving节省。根据下文“theysayorangesareactuallyproducingextravaluefromwaste”可知，此处表示官员认为，机器生产清洁能源并不仅仅是为了省钱。故选D。12．D 考查副词辨析。句意：官员认为这不仅仅省钱，他们还说橘子实际上是从废物中产生了额外的价值。A.urgently紧急地；B.occasionally偶然；C.extremely极其；D.actually事实上。根据句意可知，此处表示橘子事实上产生了额外的价值。故选D。13．A 考查名词辨析。句意：在实验的第一阶段，1000公斤的橙子产生了50千瓦时的清洁能源——足以满足五个家庭的日常用电需求。A.experiment实验；B.experience经验；C.competition竞争；D.performance表演。根据文中“Inthefirstperiodof”可知，此处表示做实验的第一阶段。故选A。14．B 考查动词辨析。句意：在实验的第一阶段，1000公斤的橙子产生了50千瓦时的清洁能源——足以满足五个家庭的日常用电需求。A.expand扩大；B.satisfy满足；C.survey民意调查；D.remove移开。根据上文“1,000kilosorangesproduced50kwhofclean第177页共177页
energy”及下文的“thedailyelectricityneeds”可知，此处表示50千瓦的清洁能源足以满足五个家庭的日常用电需求。故选B。15．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：如果成功的话，到2023年，该市希望回收所有的橘子。A.complex复杂的；B.flexible灵活的；C.successful成功的；D.simple简单的。根据下文“thecityhopestorecyclealltheoranges”可知，此处表示试验成功后该市的措施。故选C。16．D 考查动词辨析。句意：如果所有的水果都被回收利用，它将产生足够的能量为多达73000人提供动力。A.displayed陈列；B.ordered组织有序；C.eaten吃；D.recycled回收利用。根据上文“thecityhopestorecyclealltheoranges”可知，此处表示橘子被回收利用。故选D。17．B 考查名词辨析。句意：该项目将有助于实现减少污染和应对气候变化的目标。A.standards标准；B.targets目标；C.conclusions结论；D.agreements协定。根据下文的“reducingpollutionandthefightagainstclimatechange”可知，实现减少污染和应对气候变化是一个目标。且下文的“thecountry’sgoal”也是属于近义词提示。故选B。18．A 考查名词辨析。句意：这项最新努力是西班牙众多计划中的一项，这些计划旨在实现该国到2050年将电力系统转换为可再生能源的目标。A.effort努力；B.proof证据；C.invention发明；D.style方式。根据上文“Thisprojectwillhelptoreachthetargetsforreducingpollutionandthefightagainstclimatechange.”可知，此处表示这项计划是最新的努力。故选A。19．D 考查动词辨析。句意：这项最新努力是西班牙众多计划中的一项，这些计划旨在实现该国到2050年将电力系统转换为可再生能源的目标。A.oppose反对；B.limit限制；C.interrupt打断；D.achieve实现。根据文中“thecountry’sgoal”可知此处表示实现目标。故选D。20．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：这项最新努力是西班牙众多计划中的一项，这些计划旨在实现该国到2050年将电力系统转换为可再生能源的目标。A.repeated重复的；B.readapted重新适应的；C.renewable可再生的；D.reserved矜持的。根据文章大意可知，本文主要内容是可再生能源，所以此处应填入renewable，符合句意。故选C。完形填空(二)A(2020－2021·宁夏银川一中高三下学期第二次模拟)Mymotherhasauniquewayofembarrassingherchildren.Whenevershegets__1__aboutsomething,shejumpsupanddown,screaming.We__2__thisasthe“sillydance”．Asherdaughter,Ifindthis__3__embarrassing.Anytimeshegoesintothesillydance,Iwill__4__slowlyaway,smileawkwardly,and__5__topeople,“No,she’snotmymother.”Eventhoughmymotherbroughtmemuch__6__whenIwaslittle,andeventhoughshe__7__doesthesillydancewhensomethinggoesherway,Inow__8__it.Becausethesillydance第177页共177页
showsjustwhosheis,anditshowsthatshe’shappy.Ifshedidn’tdoher__9__andjustobeyedourwishesfor“not__10__，Mom”，shewouldcompromisewhosheis.Iowealotofmy__11__forthetheatertomymother.Inowsingpubliclylikemymotherdoes.Andmyfriendsarealwaysdoingthat__12__awkwardsmileandusually__13__undertheirbreath,“Carolyn,public.”SoinmanywaysI’mbecomingmymother.I’mnotgoingto__14__singingjustbecausepeoplefeelembarrassedatit.Ihaveno__15__thatIwillembarrassmyownchildrenwithmyperformanceofthe“sillydance”．Sowhat？That’swhoIam.It’smy__16__thateveryoneshoulddancetothebeatofherowndrum,eveniftheguynexttoyougivesyoua(n)__17__look.Ibelieveinthethingsthatsetus__18__.Ibelieveinbeingmyself,nomatterhowmanyawkwardsmilesI__19__.Ibelieveintheideathatnever__20__whoIam.1．A.excited B．disappointedC．confused D．concerned2．A.pickup B．seetoC．referto D．turnto3．A.primarily B．graduallyC．deliberately D．completely4．A.run B．rushC．inch D．pull5．A.apologize B．explainC．complain D．respond6．A.annoyance B．curiosityC．satisfaction D．convenience7．A.even B．everC．never D．still8．A.avoid B．improveC．enjoy D．control9．A.business B．danceC．duty D．work10．A.inpublic B．inpersonC．inadvance D．invain11．A.affection B．talentC．sympathy D．admiration12．A.different B．unusual第177页共177页
C．extra D．same13．A.shouting B．whisperingC．laughing D．cheering14．A.putoff B．focusonC．giveup D．turndown15．A.doubt B．chanceC．desire D．intention16．A.impression B．solutionC．ambition D．belief17．A.comforting B．specialC．strange D．appreciative18．A.aside B．awayC．down D．apart19．A.share B．receiveC．refuse D．remember20．A.misunderstand B．compromiseC．distinguish D．underestimate【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。作者母亲有一种独特的方法使她的孩子们难堪，作者起初接受不了，后来改变了想法。作者从自己的经历学到一个道理：不要在意别人的看法，要做自己。1．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：当她对某事兴奋时，她就手舞足蹈，并且尖叫。A.excited兴奋的；B.disappointed感到失望的；C.confused困惑的；D.concerned关心的。根据“shejumpsupanddown,screaming”可知她对某事感到兴奋。故选A。2．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们把这称为“愚蠢的舞蹈”。A.pickup接收，偶然学到；B.seeto照管；料理；C.referto提到，谈到；D.turnto转向，求助于。this指代上文作者母亲因为兴奋而手舞足蹈，结合下文“sillydances”可推断，我们把这称作“愚蠢的舞蹈”。referto...as把……称为。故选C。3．D 考查副词辨析。句意：作为她的女儿，我觉得这很尴尬。A.primarily主要地；B.gradually渐渐地；C.deliberately故意地；D.completely完全地。根据下文“Anytimeshegoesintothesillydance,Iwill__4__slowlyaway,smileawkwardly，”可知，此处指我对妈妈的做法感到很尴尬。故选D。4．C 考查动词辨析。句意：任何时候她跳这种愚蠢的舞蹈，我都会慢慢地走开，尴尬地微笑着，向人们解释，“不，她不是我的妈妈”。A.run跑；B.rush冲，奔；C.inch慢慢前进；D.pull拉。根据下文“slowlyaway,smile第177页共177页
awkwardly”可推断，作者在母亲跳愚蠢的舞蹈时，会慢慢地走开。尴尬地微笑。故选C。5．B 考查动词辨析。句意：任何时候她跳这种愚蠢的舞蹈，我都会慢慢地走开，尴尬地微笑着，向人们解释，“不，她不是我的妈妈”。A.apologize道歉；B.explain解释；C.complain抱怨；D.respond回答，回应。根据下文“’No,she’snotmymother.’”可推断，作者很尴尬，因此向别人解释道，“她不是我的母亲”。故选B。6．A 考查名词辨析。句意：即使我小时候妈妈带给我很多麻烦，即使当事情进展顺利时，她仍然跳一些愚蠢的舞蹈，但是我现在就喜欢它了。A.annoyance烦恼，困惑；B.curiosity好奇心；C.satisfaction满意；D.convenience便利。根据上文“Asherdaughter,Ifindthis__3__embarrassing.Anytimeshegoesintothesillydance,Iwill__4__slowlyaway，smileawkwardly”可推断，作者的母亲给作者带来很多麻烦。故选A。7．D 考查副词辨析。句意：即使我小时候妈妈带给我很多麻烦，即使当事情进展顺利时，她仍然跳一些愚蠢的舞蹈，但是我现在就喜欢它了。A.even甚至；B.ever曾经；C.never从来没有；D.still仍旧。根据下文“doesthesillydancewhensomethinggoesherway”，可知此处指妈妈仍旧会跳一些愚蠢的舞蹈，故选D。8．C 考查动词辨析。句意：即使我小时候妈妈带给我很多麻烦，即使当事情进展顺利时，她仍然跳一些愚蠢的舞蹈，但是我现在就喜欢它了。A.avoid避免；B.improve提高；C.enjoy喜爱；D.control控制。根据下文“Becausethesillydanceshowsjustwhosheis,anditshowsthatsheishappy.”可推断，作者现在喜欢上了母亲表达喜悦的方式。故选C。9．B 考查名词辨析。句意：如果她没有跳她的舞，只是服从了我们的愿望“妈妈，不要在公共场所”，她就是向她是谁妥协了。A.business生意；B.dance舞蹈；C.duty职责；D.work工作。根据上文“Becausethesillydanceshowsjustwhosheis,anditshowsthatsheishappy.”可知此处指如果她没有跳舞的话，故选B。10．A 考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果她没有跳她的舞，只是服从了我们的愿望“妈妈，不要在公共场所”，她就是向她是谁妥协了。A.inpublic在公共场合；B.inperson亲自；C.inadvance提前；D.invain徒劳。根据下文“Inowsingpubliclylikemymotherdoes.”可知此处指不要在公共场所跳舞。故选A。11．A 考查名词辨析。句意：我把我对剧院的爱归功于我的母亲。A.affection喜爱；B.talent天赋；C.sympathy同情；D.admiration钦佩，羡慕。根据下文“Inowsingpubliclylikemymotherdoes.”可知，作者把自己对戏剧的喜爱归功于自己的母亲。故选A。12．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：我的朋友总是做那种同样尴尬的微笑并且通常会低声说“卡洛琳，当众跳”。A.different不同的；B.unusual不寻常的；C.extra额外的；D.same相同的。根据上文“notinpublic,Mom”和下文的“Carolyn,public.”可推断，朋友们看到作者在公共场合唱歌，也会露出当初作者看到母亲当众唱歌时同样的尴尬。故选D。13．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我的朋友总是做那种同样尴尬的微笑并且通常会低声说第177页共177页
“卡洛琳，当众跳”。A.shouting喊；B.whispering低声说；C.laughing笑；D.cheering欢呼。短语undertheirbreath，意为“低声悄语地”，可知此处指我的朋友低声说。故选B。14．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不会因为人们觉得不好意思就放弃唱歌。A.putoff推迟；B.focuson集中注意力；C.giveup放弃；D.turndown拒绝。根据下文“Sowhat？That’swhoIam.”可推断，作者不会仅仅因为会让别人尴尬就放弃唱歌。故选C。15．A 考查名词辨析。句意：毫不怀疑我会用我的“愚蠢的舞蹈”来让我自己的孩子难堪。A.doubt怀疑；B.chance机会；C.desire愿望；D.intention打算。根据下文“Sowhat？That’swhoIam.”可推断，毫无疑问，作者也会使自己的孩子们感到尴尬。故选A。16．D 考查名词辨析。句意：我相信每个人都应该按自己的节奏跳舞，即使你旁边的那个人给你一种奇怪的表情。A.impression印象；感想；B.solution解决方法；C.ambition雄心；D.belief信仰。根据下文“Ibelieveinthethingsthatsetus__18__.Ibelieveinbeingmyself，”可推断，作者相信每个人都应该按照自己的节拍去跳舞。故选D。17．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：我相信每个人都应该按自己的节奏跳舞，即使你旁边的那个人给你一种奇怪的表情。A.comforting安慰的；B.special特殊的；C.strange奇怪的；D.appreciative感激的；赏识的。根据上文“Andmyfriendsarealwaysdoingthat__12__awkwardsmile”可推断，作者认为每个人都应该按照自己的节奏跳舞，要做自己，即使别人会投以奇怪地表情。故选C。18．D 考查副词辨析。句意：我相信让我们与众不同的东西。此处考查set＋副词的短语辨析。A.(set)aside省出；留出；B.(set)away离开；C.(set)down记下；登记；D.(set)apart使与众不同；根据上文“everyoneshoulddancetothebeatofherowndrum”可知，此处指我相信让我们与众不同的事情。故选D。19．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我相信要做我自己，无论我接受多少尴尬的微笑。A.share分享；B.receive收到；C.refuse拒绝；D.remember记得。根据上文“Andmyfriendsarealwaysdoingthat__12__awkwardsmile”可推断，作者会接收到许多尴尬地微笑。故选B。20．B 考查动词辨析。句意：我相信使我永不妥协我是谁的想法。A.misunderstand误解；B.compromise妥协；C.distinguish区分；辨别；D.underestimate低估。根据上文“shewouldcompromisewhosheis”可知，此处作者在坚持自我这个问题上永不妥协。故选B。B(2021·四川省达州市普通高中第二次诊断性测试)JoellaandJoannaare20-year-oldtwins.OnApril6,Joella__1__，onFacebookthatJoannawassufferingLeukemia,atypeofcancerthat__2__thebloodandbonemarrow(髓)．Andshe__3__shavedherheadalongsidehertwinsisterinamovingvideo,whichhassincegoneviral.__4__COVID-19lockdown(封城),Joannawasforcedtobeginherchemotherapytreatmentsaloneinthehospital.“Withoutherfamilythereto__5__herhandandwipehertears第177页共177页
whensheneedsit，”Joellasaidinthe__6__.“Theonlycontactwehadwithherwasthroughvideocallsandmessages，”Joellashared.“Itisa(n)__7__timeformyfamilybutespeciallyformy__8__.”WhenJoannamadethedifficultdecisiontoshaveherheadtomakeher__9__easier,Joella__10__hersisterbydoingthesame.“Icouldn’tlether__11__italonesoIdecidedwe’lldoittogetherjustlikeeverythingelsewe’vedonetogetherinthis__12__，”Joellaexplained.“I__13__yousomuch,mybeautifulsister.Youareafighterandwe’llfightthisbattletogether.”The__14__video,whichshowstheentirefamilyhuggingandwipingawayeachother’stearsasbothsistershavetheirheadsshaved,hasbeen__15__by11milliontimes,plusmorethan140,000__16__fromwell-wishersaroundtheglobe.“Yoursisterisstrongandbeautiful，”saidone__17__.“Shewillfightthisandwin.”Joellalater__18__aphotoofthetwosisterssmiling,looking__19__withtheirnewlyshavenheads.“Myfirstbestfriend，”she__20__thepicture.“Byyoursidethroughitall.”1．A.landed B．foundC．announced D．focused2．A.absorbs B．affectsC．cleans D．thickens3．A.regretfully B．painfullyC．hesitantly D．bravely4．A.Dueto B．AccordingtoC．Regardlessof D．Ratherthan5．A.lift B．giveC．shake D．hold6．A.letter B．videoC．interview D．hospital7．A.special B．hardC．important D．happy8．A.head B．hairC．sister D．mother9．A.treatments B．achievementsC．feelings D．movements10．A.called B．supportedC．promised D．accompanied11．A.gothroughwith B．comeupwithC．getdownto D．goinfor第177页共177页
12．A.case B．aspectC．life D．campaign13．A.love B．envyC．pity D．appreciate14．A.amusing B．excitingC．amazing D．touching15．A.noticed B．answeredC．collected D．viewed16．A.visits B．suggestionsC．presents D．comments17．A.user B．customerC．patient D．doctor18．A.sent B．tookC．shared D．compared19．A.nervous B．happyC．shy D．embarrassed20．A.signed B．mentionedC．captioned D．described【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对20岁的双胞胎姐妹Joella和Joanna一起携手勇敢面对白血病的故事。1．C 考查动词辨析。句意：4月6日，Joella在Facebook上宣布Joanna患了白血病。A.landed登录；B.found发现，找到；C.announced宣布；D.focused集中，聚焦。结合句意可知，此处是指Joella在网上宣布了Joanna患上白血病的消息。故选C。2．B 考查动词辨析。句意：Joella在Facebook上宣布Joanna患了白血病，这是一种会影响血液和骨髓的癌症。A.absorbs吸收；B.affects影响；C.cleans清扫，打扫；D.thickens使变厚。结合句意及生活常识可知，白血病是一种会“影响”血液和骨髓的癌症。故选B。3．D 考查副词辨析。句意：而她在一段感人的视频中勇敢地和她的双胞胎妹妹一起剃光了头发，这段视频从此走红。A.regretfully抱歉地，遗憾地；B.painfully痛苦地；C.hesitantly迟疑地；D.bravely勇敢地。结合生活常识可知，Joella作为一名正常的身体健康的女生，剃光头发对她来说，是一种“勇敢的”行为。故选D。4．A 考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于COVID-19导致的封城，Joanna被迫独自在医院接受化疗。A.Dueto由于；B.Accordingto根据；C.Regardlessof不管，不顾；D.Ratherthan而不是。根据句意可知，Jonna没有家人的陪同，被迫独自在医院接受化疗，这是由于COVID-19导致的封城引起的。故选A。第177页共177页
5．B 考查动词辨析。句意：“没有家人在她需要的时候帮她擦干眼泪，”。A.liftahand举手；B.giveahand帮助；C.shake摇动，无；shakeahand短语；D.holdahand握手。根据句意可知，此处意为“帮助”她擦干眼泪。故选B。6．B 考查名词辨析。句意：“没有家人在她需要的时候帮她擦干眼泪，”Joella在视频中说。A.letter信；B.video视频；C.interview采访；D.hospital医院。根据上文“inamovingvideo”可知，此处指的是Joella在“视频”中讲的话，video为原词复现。故选B。7．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：“这对我的家人来说是一段艰难的时光，但对我妹妹来说尤其如此”。A.special特殊的；B.hard艰难的；C.important重要的；D.happy开心的，幸福的。结合上文“__4__COVID-19lockdown(封城),Joannawasforcedtobeginherchemotherapytreatmentsaloneinthehospital.(由于COVID-19导致封城，Joanna被迫独自在医院接受化疗。)”可知，Joanna生病了，并且被迫独自一人在医院接受化疗，所以这对全家人来说，是一段“艰难的”时光。故选B。8．C 考查名词辨析。句意：“这对我的家人来说是一段艰难的时光，但对我妹妹来说尤其如此”。A.head头；B.hair头发；C.sister姐姐，妹妹；D.mother母亲。结合上文“JoellaandJoannaare20-year-oldtwins.OnApril6,Joella__1__，onFacebookthatJoannawassufferingLeukemia，(Joella和Joanna是一对20岁的双胞胎，4月6日，Joella在Facebook上宣布Joanna患了白血病，)”，以及“Joannawasforcedtobeginherchemotherapytreatmentsaloneinthehospital.(Joanna被迫独自在医院接受化疗。)”可知，生病住院的是Joella的双胞胎妹妹Joanna，所以这段时光，对我的“妹妹”来说，尤其艰难。故选C。9．A 考查名词辨析。句意：当Joanna艰难地决定剃光头以使治疗更容易时……A.treatments治疗；B.achievements成就；C.feelings感情，情绪；D.movements运动，移动。结合句意及生活常识可知，Joanna剃光头发，是为了更方便接受“治疗”。故选A。10．D 考查动词辨析。句意：Joella陪着妹妹也做了相同的事情，(即剃光头发)。A.called称呼，叫，喊；B.supported鼓励，支持；C.promised承诺；D.accompanied陪伴。结合句意以及下文“’Icouldn’tlether__11__italonesoIdecidedwe’lldoittogetherjustlikeeverythingelsewe’vedonetogetherinthis__12__’Joellaexplained.(’我不能让她独自一个人去经受剃光头发这件事，所以我决定我们一起去做，就像我们在这一生中一起做的其他事情一样，’Joella解释说。)”可知，Joanna这么做是为了更好地在精神上“陪伴”生病的妹妹。故选D。11．A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我不能让她一个人去经受(剃光头发)这件事，所以我决定我们一起去做，就像我们在这一生中一起做的其他事情一样，”A.gothroughwith完成，经受；B.comeupwith提出，想出；C.getdownto开始认真处理，对待；D.goinfor从事，参加。根据句意可知，此处意为“经受”。故选A。12．C 考查名词辨析。句意：“第177页共177页
我不能让她一个人去经受(剃光头发)这件事，所以我决定我们一起去做，就像我们在这一生中一起做的其他事情一样。”。A.case情形，情况；B.aspect方面；C.life生活，一生；D.campaign运动，战役。根据句意可知，此处指的是“一生中”。故选C。13．A 考查动词辨析。句意：“我非常爱你，我美丽的妹妹。你是一个战士，我们将一起战斗”。A．love爱；B.envy羡慕；C.pity同情，怜悯；D.appreciate感激，欣赏。结合句意可知，此处是Joella在为自己的妹妹加油和鼓励，用“爱”最符合她说话时的心情。故选A。14．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：这段感人的视频显示，当姐妹俩都剃光头发时，全家人互相拥抱，擦去对方的眼泪。A.amusing有趣的；B.exciting令人兴奋的；C.amazing令人惊奇的；D.touching感人的。结合句意可知，此处意为“感人的”。故选D。15．D 考查动词辨析。句意：这段感人的视频显示，当姐妹俩都剃光头时，全家人互相拥抱、擦干眼泪，被观看次数已达1100万次。A.noticed注意；B.answered回答；C.collected收集；D.viewed观看；结合句意可知，此处意为这段视频被“观看”。故选D。16．D 考查名词辨析。句意：加上来自全球各地祝福者的超过14万条评论。A.visits拜访，访问；B.suggestions建议；C.presents礼物；D.comments评论。结合下文引号中的话“’Yoursisterisstrongandbeautiful，’saidone__17__.’Shewillfightthisandwin.’(’你妹妹又坚强又漂亮，’一位用户说，’她将与此抗争并获得胜利。’)”可知，此处表示网友观看视频后做的“评论”。故选D。17．A 考查名词辨析。句意：“你妹妹又坚强又漂亮，”一位用户说，“她将与此抗争并获得胜利。”。A.user用户；B.customer顾客；C.patient病人；D.doctor医生。结合上文“OnApril6,Joella__1__onFacebookthatJoannawassufferingLeukemia，(4月6日，Joella在Facebook上宣布Joanna患了白血病，)”可知，这段视频是Joella发布在Facebook上的，能观看视频并留下评论的，自然是Facebook的“用户”。故选A。18．C 考查动词辨析。句意：Joella后来分享了一张两姐妹微笑的照片，她们剃光了头发，看上去很开心。A.sent寄，发送；B.took拿；C.shared分享；D.compared比较。根据句意可知，此处意为“分享”。故选C。19．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：Joella后来分享了一张两姐妹微笑的照片，她们剃光了头发，看上去很开心。A.nervous紧张的；B.happy开心的；C.shy害羞的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据句中的“smiling”可知，姐妹俩看起来很“开心”。故选B。20．C 考查动词辨析。句意：“我的第一个好朋友，”她在照片上添加文字，写道“陪在你身边度过这一切。”。A.signed签名，打手势；B.mentioned提到；C.captioned为……添加说明文字；D.described描述。结合上文“’Myfirstbestfriend，’(’我的第一个好朋友’)”，及下文“’Byyoursidethroughitall.’(’陪在你身边度过这一切。’)”可知，此处是指Joella“为照片添加说明文字”。故选C。第177页共177页
C(2021·安徽马鞍山市高三一模)Startingatage5,AeshaAshstudiedtap,jazzandballet.Shewantedtobea__1__onBroadway.Atage10,theschooltoldhershehadto__2__onekindofdance.Shethoughttheotherformsofdancewereeasierforherandshewanteda__3__.Shetalkedtohermom,whotoldherthatacareerinballetwouldbeevenmore__4__forherbecausefewballetdancerswereblack.However,thosewordshelpedAsh__5__.Shewouldprovetoherselfandtoeveryonethatshecould__6__anexcellentblackballetdancer.Shestartedstudyingballetmore__7__fromthenon.ThenAsh__8__theSchoolofAmericanBalletandworkedhardtowardherdream.Anytimeshefeltbullied(被欺凌),shetriedto__9__forherselfandshebecamemore__10__tosucceed.At18,herdream__11__whenshejoinedtheNewYorkCityBallet,whereshedancedmanyleadroles.Shebecame__12__!Yearslater,Ash__13__theSwanDreamsProject,acharitythatusesdanceandtheartsto__14__kids：Wheretheylive,howmuchmoneytheyhave,whattheir__15__isoranyoneelse’sideasaboutthemcannot__16__theirdreams.EventhoughAshhaswonawardsandpraise,thebiggest__17__，shesaid,ismakingherfamily__18__becauseshereachedherdream.“Allofthehardworkandsacrifice__19__，”shesaid.“Whenyouhavea__20__，believeitwithallofyourheart.”1．A.singer B．dancerC．director D．tutor2．A.create B．abandonC．choose D．observe3．A.guide B．performanceC．model D．challenge4．A.practical B．difficultC．comfortable D．expensive5．A.quit B．relaxC．decide D．bargain6．A.make B．findC．meet D．change7．A.seriously B．equallyC．randomly D．automatically8．A.built B．boughtC．entered D．repaired第177页共177页
9．A.makeup B．standupC．lineup D．stayup10．A.determined B．hesitantC．curious D．unwilling11．A.turnedup B．fadedawayC．ranout D．cametrue12．A.disappointed B．professionalC．uncertain D．humorous13．A.found B．missedC．refused D．started14．A.select B．employC．teach D．protect15．A.race B．nameC．gift D．mind16．A.realize B．limitC．hide D．expand17．A.stage B．puzzleC．trouble D．pleasure18．A.proud B．unitedC．calm D．merciful19．A.brokeup B．fellapartC．wentaway D．paidoff20．A.task B．dutyC．dream D．chance【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了AeshaAsh通过自己的努力实现自己的梦想，成为了一名优秀的黑人芭蕾舞舞者的故事，激励大家相信梦想的力量，并为之而努力。1．B 考查名词辨析。句意：从5岁开始，AeshaAsh学习过踢踏舞、爵士和芭蕾舞。她想成为百老汇的一名舞者。A.singer歌手；B.dancer舞者；C.director导演；D.tutor助教。由前文提到“studiedtap,jazzandballet”她学习的都是与舞蹈相关的，所以是想成为舞者。故选B。2．C 考查动词辨析。句意：10岁那年，学校告诉她必须选择跳一种舞蹈。A.create创造；B.abandon放弃；C.choose选择；D.observe观察，注意，遵守。由下文“onekindofdance”可知是选择其中的一种。故选C。第177页共177页
3．D 考查名词辨析。句意：她认为其他形式的舞蹈对她来说比较容易些，她想要挑战。A.guide指导；B.performance表现，表演；C.model模型，模仿；D.challenge挑战。由前文“theotherformsofdancewereeasierforher”可知这些形式的舞蹈对她来说比较简单，她想要有挑战性的，故选D。4．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：她和她妈妈谈话，妈妈告诉她，这对她来说将会更加困难。因为很少有黑人芭蕾舞演员。A.practical实用的；B.difficult困难的；C.comfortable舒适的，舒服的；D.expensive昂贵的。由下文“becausefewballetdancerswereblack”可推知芭蕾舞对她来说是困难的。故选B。5．C 考查动词辨析。句意：但是，这些话帮助Ash做出了决定。A.quit离开，放弃；B.relax放松；C.decide决定；D.bargain讨价还价。由下文“Shewouldprovetoherselfandtoeveryonethatshecould__6__anexcellentblackballetdancer.”可推知，她要向别人证明自己可以成为一位出色的黑人芭蕾舞演员，也就暗示出这里妈妈的话让她做了决定。故选C。6．A 考查动词辨析。句意：她将向自己和所有人证明，她可以成为一位出色的黑人芭蕾舞演员。A.make使成为；B.find找到；C.meet遇见；D.change改变。根据下文“Shestartedstudyingballet”可推知是她想要成为芭蕾舞演员，故选A。7．A 考查副词辨析。句意：从那时起，她开始更加认真地学习芭蕾舞。A.seriously认真地，严肃地；B.equally平等地；C.randomly随意地；D.automatically自动地。由上文“Shewouldprovetoherselfandtoeveryonethatshecould__6__anexcellentblackballetdancer.”可推知要证明自己可以成为优秀的芭蕾舞演员，所以肯定认真练习。故选A。8．C 考查动词辨析。句意：然后，Ash进入美国芭蕾舞学校，并为实现自己的梦想而努力。A.built建设，建造；B.bought买；C.entered进入；D.repaired修理，修复。由后文“theSchoolofAmericanBallet”可知是进入学校学习，故选C。9．B 考查动词词组辨析。句意：每当她被欺凌时，她都努力重新站起来，她也变得更加决心要成功。A.makeup化妆，组成；B.standup站立；C.lineup排队，排列；D.stayup熬夜。由下文“shebecamemore__10__tosucceed”可知，她更加的下定决心要成功，可推知她没有被欺凌所打败，而是重新站了起来。故选B。10．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：每当她被欺凌时，她都努力重新站起来，她也变得更加决心要成功。A.determined坚决的，有决心的；B.hesitant犹豫的；C.curious好奇的；D.unwilling不情愿的。由下文“whereshedancedmanyleadroles”可推知她更加坚决地要成功。故选A。11．D 考查动词词组辨析。句意：18岁时，当她加入了纽约市芭蕾舞团，并在其中扮演许多主角时，她的梦想实现了。A.turnedup出现；B.fadedaway逐渐消失，褪色；C.ranout用完；D.cametrue实现。由下文中“whenshejoinedtheNewYorkCityBallet”可知，她的梦想得以实现。故选D。12．B 考查形容词辨析。句意：她变得专业了！第177页共177页
A．disappointed失望的；B.professional专业的；C.uncertain不确定的；D.humorous和谐的。由前文提到“shedancedmanyleadroles”可推知她应该是更加专业的舞者。故选B。13．D 考查动词辨析。句意：多年后，Ash发起了“天鹅梦计划”，该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来教导孩子们。A.found发现；B.missed怀念；C.refused拒绝；D.started开始。由文中“theSwanDreamsProject,acharitythatusesdanceandtheartsto__14__kids”可推知Ash开始了这个计划。故选D。14．C 考查动词辨析。句意：多年后，Ash发起了“天鹅梦计划”，该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来教导孩子们。A.select挑选；B.employ雇佣；C.teach教授；D.protect保护。由下文“Wheretheylive,howmuchmoneytheyhave,whattheir__15__isoranyoneelse’sideasaboutthemcannot__16__theirdreams.”可推知是在教这些孩子这样的道理。故选C。15．A 考查名词辨析。句意：多年后，Ash发起了“天鹅梦计划”，该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来教导孩子们：他们住的地方、有多少钱、他们的“种族”是什么，或者其他人关于他们的想法都不能限制他们的梦想。A.race种族；B.name名字；C.gift礼物，天赋；D.mind想法。由上文“Shetalkedtohermom,whotoldherthatacareerinballetwouldbeevenmore__4__forherbecausefewballetdancerswereblack.”提到，妈妈说很少黑人芭蕾舞演员，这对她来说有难度。因为是黑人，提到了种族的问题。所以此处是种族。故选A。16．B 考查动词辨析。句意：该慈善机构利用舞蹈和艺术来教导孩子们：他们住的地方、有多少钱、他们的“种族”是什么，或者其他人关于他们的想法都不能限制他们的梦想。A.realize意识到；B.limit限制；C.hide隐藏；D.expand扩大，增加。由上文讲述的Ash的故事以及上文的“Wheretheylive,howmuchmoneytheyhave,whattheir__15__isoranyoneelse’sideasaboutthem”可推知是没有什么可以限制他们的梦想。故选B。17．D 考查名词辨析。句意：Ash说，尽管她赢得了奖项和赞誉，但最大的喜悦是让她的家人感到骄傲，因为她实现了自己的梦想。A.stage舞台；B.puzzle困惑；C.trouble麻烦；D.pleasure愉快，喜悦。由前文“Ashhaswonawardsandpraise”可推知是令人喜悦的，且最大的喜悦是让家人骄傲。故选D。18．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：Ash说，尽管她赢得了奖项和赞誉，但最大的喜悦是让她的家人感到骄傲，因为她实现了自己的梦想。A.proud自豪的，骄傲的；B.united统一的，联合的；C.calm冷静的；D.merciful怜悯的。由文中“Ashhaswonawardsandpraise”以及“becauseshereachedherdream”可推知是让家人很骄傲的。故选A。19．D 考查动词词组辨析。句意：她说：“所有的努力和牺牲都得到了回报。当您有一个梦想时，请全心全意地相信它。”A.brokeup结束，破裂；B.fellapart破裂，破碎；C.wentaway离开；D.paidoff取得回报。由前文“Ashhaswonawardsandpraise”可推知，所有的努力和牺牲得到了回报。故选D。20．C 考查名词辨析。句意：她说：“第177页共177页
所有的努力和牺牲都得到了回报。当您有一个梦想时，请全心全意地相信它。”A.task任务；B.duty责任；C.dream梦想；D.chance机会。由上文“becauseshereachedherdream”可知，她努力实现了自己的梦想，故推知也是拥有梦想，全力相信它。故选C。D(2021·四川省凉山州高三第三次诊断考试)Footrace(竞走)isapopularactivityintheUS.Itisnotonlya__1__sport,butalso__2__asawaytoexercise.Though__3__runnersmayspendmonthstrainingtocompete,otherrunnersandwalkersmightnottrainatall.Theymightruninaneffortto__4__theirowntime,or__5__toenjoythefunandexercise.Peopleofall__6__，fromthoselessthanthreeyearsoldtothoseintheir80s,__7__thissport.Theracesareheldoncitystreets,oncollegecampuses,__8__parks,andinsuburbanareas,andcommonly5to10kilometersin__9__.The__10__footraceintheworldisthe12-kilometerBaytoBreakersraceheldinSanFranciscoeveryspring.Thisrace__11__ontheeastsideofthecitynearSanFranciscoBayandendsonthe__12__sideatthePacificOcean.Lastyeartherewere80,000people__13__inthisrace.Inthe__14__weretheseriousrunnerswhocompetetowin,andwhomightfinishinaslittleas34minutes.__15__themwerethethousandswhotakeseveralhourstofinish.Inthebackoftheracewerethosewhowearvariousclothingjustfor__16__.__17__，therewasagroupoffirefighterswhowereall__18__inalongline,carryingafire-hose(消防水龙带)．Oneyear,therewasawedding__19__，inwhichthebridedressedinalongwhitedressandthegroomworeatuxedo(无尾礼服)．They__20__flowerstoby-standers,andwereactuallymarriedatsomepointalongtheroute.1．A.cute B．humorousC．competitive D．strange2．A.accepted B．seenC．referred D．known3．A.amateur B．famousC．ordinary D．serious4．A.beat B．saveC．waste D．value5．A.finally B．simplyC．partly D．certainly6．A.ages B．walksC．kinds D．nations7．A.turninto B．lookintoC．breakinto D．enterinto第177页共177页
8．A.across B．throughC．over D．beneath9．A.size B．depthC．length D．height10．A.largest B．latestC．cheapest D．longest11．A.holds B．goesC．begins D．carries12．A.north B．southC．east D．west13．A.signing B．runningC．helping D．watching14．A.front B．backC．course D．process15．A.Fighting B．StrugglingC．Following D．Attempting16．A.medal B．prizeC．game D．fun17．A.Inaddition B．IntheoryC．Inbrief D．Inadvance18．A.wrapped B．tiedC．separated D．stuck19．A.picnic B．eventC．party D．parade20．A.sold B．presentedC．donated D．threw【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。竞走在美国是一项很受欢迎的活动，它不仅是一项竞技运动，而且被视为一种锻炼的方式。文章主要介绍了这项比赛的一些情况以及不同的人参加比赛的不同目的。1．C 考查形容词辨析。句意：它不仅是一项竞技运动，而且被视为一种锻炼的方式。A.cute可爱的；B.humorous幽默的；C.competitive竞争的；D.strange奇怪的。根据上文“FootraceisapopularactivityintheUS.”可知，竞走是一项竞技运动，故选C。2．B 考查动词辨析。句意：它不仅是一项竞技运动，而且被视为一种锻炼的方式。A.accepted接受；B.seen看见；C.referred参考；D.known知道。根据下文“asawayto第177页共177页
exercise”指竞走被视为一种锻炼的方式，beseenas“被视为……”。故选B。3．D 考查形容词辨析。句意：虽然认真的跑步者可能会花几个月的时间训练来比赛，但其他的跑步者和步行者可能根本不训练。A.amateur业余的；B.famous出名的；C.ordinary普通的；D.serious认真的。根据下文“runnersmayspendmonthstrainingtocompete”可知，花几个月的时间训练来比赛说明跑步者认真对待比赛。故选D。4．A 考查动词辨析。句意：他们跑步可能是为了消磨自己的时间，或者只是为了享受跑步的乐趣和锻炼。A.beat打败，敲打；B.save拯救；C.waste浪费；D.value重视。beat本意指“(有规律地反复)敲打”，根据语境，这里指人们利用跑步来不断地消磨自己的时间，故选A。5．B 考查副词辨析。句意：他们跑步可能是为了消磨自己的时间，或者只是为了享受跑步的乐趣和锻炼。A.finally终于；B.simply简单地，只是；C.partly部分地；D.certainly当然。根据下文“toenjoythefunandexercise”指跑步只是为了享受跑步的乐趣和锻炼。故选B。6．A 考查名词辨析。句意：所有年龄层的人，从不到3岁到80多岁，都参加这项运动。A.ages年龄；B.walks散步；C.kinds种类；D.nations民族。根据下文“fromthoselessthanthreeyearsold”可知参加运动的人年龄各不相同。故选A。7．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有年龄层的人，从不到3岁到80多岁，都参加这项运动。A.turninto变成；B.lookinto调查；C.breakinto闯入；D.enterinto进入，参加。根据下文“thissport”指参加这项运动，应用enterinto。故选D。8．B 考查介词辨析。句意：比赛在城市街道、大学校园、公园和郊区举行，通常长5至10公里。A.across越过，平行穿过；B.through通过，空间穿过；C.over在……上面；D.beneath在……之下。根据下文“parks,andinsuburbanareas”指比赛的赛道穿过了城市街道、大学校园、公园和郊区，应用through表空间穿过。故选B。9．C 考查名词辨析。句意：比赛在城市街道、大学校园、公园和郊区举行，通常长5至10公里。A.size尺寸；B.depth深度；C.length长度；D.height高度。根据上文“5to10kilometers”可知是在说明比赛的长度。故选C。10．A 考查形容词辨析。句意：世界上最大的竞走比赛是每年春天在旧金山举行的12公里的环城路跑。A.largest最大的；B.latest最新的；C.cheapest最便宜的；D.longest最长的。根据下文“footraceintheworld”可知指世界上最大的竞走比赛，应用largest。故选A。11．C 考查动词辨析。句意：比赛从旧金山湾附近的城市东部开始，到太平洋西部结束。A.holds持有；B.goes离开；C.begins开始；D.carries搬运。根据下文“ontheeastsideofthecitynearSanFranciscoBayandendsonthe”可知此处在介绍比赛的起始地，从旧金山湾附近的城市东部开始，到太平洋西部结束。故选C。第177页共177页
12．D 考查名词辨析。句意：比赛从旧金山湾附近的城市东部开始，到太平洋西部结束。A.north北方；B.south南方；C.east东方；D.west西部。根据上文“ontheeastsideofthecitynearSanFranciscoBayandendsonthe”可知东部开始，到西部结束。故选D。13．B 考查动词辨析。句意：去年有8万人参加了这个比赛。A.signing签字；B.running奔跑，参赛；C.helping帮助；D.watching观看。根据下文“inthisrace”指8万人参加这项比赛。故选B。14．A 考查名词辨析。句意：排在前面的是认真的赛跑者，他们都是为了赢得比赛，他们可能在34分钟内跑完全程。A.front前面；B.back后部；C.course课程；D.process过程。根据下文“weretheseriousrunnerswhocompetetowin,andwhomightfinishinaslittleas34minutes”可知，认真的赛跑者为了赢得比赛，可能在34分钟内跑完全程，所以是排在前面。故选A。15．C 考查动词辨析。句意：紧随其后的是数千人，他们要花几个小时才完成。A.Fighting打架；B.Struggling挣扎；C.Following跟随；D.Attempting尝试。根据下文“takeseveralhourstofinish”指排在认真的赛跑者后的是数千人，他们花几个小时才完成比赛。故选C。16．D 考查名词辨析。句意：在比赛的后面是那些穿着各种衣服只是为了好玩的人。A.medal奖章；B.prize奖品；C.game游戏；D.fun乐趣。根据上文“whowearvariousclothingjustfor”以及呼应第一段中“toenjoythefunandexercise”这些人参赛只是为了好玩。故选D。17．A 考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，还有一群消防员，他们都被连结成一条长长的队伍，拿着消防水管。A.Inaddition此外；B.Intheory理论上；C.Inbrief简言之；D.Inadvance提前。上文提到了不同类型的跑步者，有认真的，还有只是为了好玩参加比赛的，下文则提到了一群消防员，可知inaddition表示“除了……还有”符合语境。故选A。18．B 考查动词辨析。句意：此外，还有一群消防员，他们都被连接成一条长长的队伍，拿着消防水管。A.wrapped包裹；B.tied系，连接；C.separated分开；D.stuck困住。根据上下文“therewasagroupoffirefighterswhowereall...inalongline”指消防员被连接成长的队伍，tied符合语境。故选B。19．C 考查名词辨析。句意：有一年，举行了一场结婚聚会，新娘穿着白色长裙，新郎穿着无尾礼服。A.picnic野餐；B.event事件；C.party聚会，宴会；D.parade游行。根据上文“therewasawedding”可知有人把比赛当作了结婚聚会。故选C。20．D 考查动词辨析。句意：他们向路人扔花，实际上在沿途的某个时候已经完成婚礼了。A.sold出售；B.presented赠送；C.donated捐赠；D.threw扔。根据下文“flowerstoby-standers”可知把花扔给路人，应用throw。故选D。语法填空专项突破练习题汇编第177页共177页
语法填空(一)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第三次质量预测)Six“sacrificialpits”(祭祀坑),__41__(date)backto3,200to4,000years,werediscoveredintheSanxingduiRuinssiteinGuanghan,Sichuanprovince,onMarch17,2021．Thebiggestpitamongthesix__42__(be)19squaremeters,andthesmallestis3.5squaremeters.Someunearthedartifactsreflectpreviousfindingsin1986likebronzemasksandjades,butshapesofsomelarge-sizebronzeobjectshaveneverbeenseen.TheSanxingduiRuinssite,__43__(consider)asoneofthemostimportantarchaeologicalsitesalongtheupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiver,coversanareaof12squarekilometers__44__itscorezoneofanancientcitycovering3.6squarekilometers.Itwasfirstfoundin1929．However,large-scaleexcavation(挖掘)onthesiteonlybeganin1986,whentwopits,widelybelievedforsacrificialceremonies,__45__(discover)accidentally.Thenewdiscoverieswillhelptobetterunderstandmanyunexplainedfindingsin1986,__46__thesimilarshapesandfindingsintheeightpits__47__(basic)makesuretheirfunctionshouldbesacrificialpits.AccordingtotheNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration,studiesoftheSanxingduiRuinssitewillbecomean__48__(importance)projectinaprogramArchaeologyChina,__49__triestoexplaintheoriginsofChinesecivilizationandhowdiverse__50__(culture)communicateandcometogether.B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·云南省昆明市高三“三诊一模”摸底诊断测试(二模))Atpresent,thetake-outindustryhasbecomeapopularconsumptionpattern.Apartfrom__41__(buy)foodfromtake-outstores,consumerscanorderfoodinmultipletimeandspaces__42__thehelpofnetwork.Whilewetendtothinkoftake-outfoodashavingoriginatedinthemodernera(时代)asaresultofour“toobusytopreparemyownmeal”lifestyle,the__43__(true)isquitetheopposite.Theconceptoftake-outfoodcanbetracedbacktobothancientGreeceandancientRome.IntheancientGreco-Romanworld,eatingathomewashighly__44__(usual)forpoorpeople.Becausetheycouldnotaffordaprivatekitchenintheirhousetocook__45__(they),theyhadtobuy__46__(prepare)foodfrommarketandroadsidestalls.Thus,__47__wascalled“thermopolium”cameintobeing.Thewordthermopoliumliterallymeant“aplacewheresomethinghot__48__(sell)atthattime”．Itwaseitheranancientformofatake-outrestaurant__49__anoutdoorservicecounterthatofferedready-to-eatfood.Overtheyears,archaeologistshave__50__(constant)discoveredanumberofthermopileinPomeiiandHerculaneum,twotownsthatweredestroyed(andpreserved)bytheeruptionof第177页共177页
MountVesuvius.Inonethermopolium,theremainsofclothbagscontainingaroundthousandcoinswerediscovered,certainlyshowingthepopularityoftheestablishment.C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·黑龙江高三一模)ThePalaceMuseum,alsocalledtheForbiddenCity,is__41__(locate)inthecenterofBeijing.Itcovers__42__areaof720,000squaremeters.Therearemorethan70largeandsmallpalacesandmorethan9,000houses.Itisoneofthe__43__(large)andmostcompleteancientwoodenstructuresintheworld.In1406,ZhuDi,the__44__(three)emperoroftheMingDynasty,orderedthe__45__(construct)ofaroyalpalaceinBeijingashisnewcapital.Fourteenyearslater,thispalacewasreadyandstarted__46__(it)servicetotheMingDynastyandtheQingDynasty.ThelastemperorofChina,PuYi,movedout__47__thepalacein1925．AfterthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,thenewgovernmenthadthePalaceMuseum__48__(repair),butthemajorpartsofthePalaceMuseumremained__49__theywere.Itwaslistedasaworldculturalheritagesitein1987and__50__(become)anationalAAAAAtouristattractionnow.ThePalaceMuseuminBeijingispraisedasthefirstofthefivemajorpalacesintheworldnow.D阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·山西朔州市高三一模)Didyouknowthatwhatyouthinkyoulikeanddon’tlikeisoftentheresultoffalse__41__(believe)？Ashumans,wetendtobe__42__(easy)influencedwhenitcomestolikingordislikingsomething,andwe’rehappytohaveourexistingopinions__43__(confirm)．Butoncetheybecamefixed,weoftenloseourabilitytobe__44__(object)andwedon’tliketohaveourideaschallenged.Generallyspeaking,humanbeingsarenotgoodattakingabalancedviewofthings.Forinstance,weunconsciouslystarttolistenforandselectinformationthat__45__(match)ourunderstandingandturnablindeyetoinformationthatdoesn’t,__46__(reject)itoutofhand.Wedon’talwaysliketoacceptnewinformationthatdoesn’tmatchupwithwhatwealreadybelieve.Asaresult,weoftendon’tevenconsiderthereasonsbehind__47__opposingpointofview.Instead,welookforevidencethatconfirms__48__wehavealreadythought,andwhichconformstoourownpointofview.We’remorelikely__49__(give)meaningtoinformationthatmatchesthosewe’vealreadybelieved.Inotherwords,wearebiased(有偏见的)towardscertaininformation.__50__cancomeasashockwheninformationwetrustedisactuallyexposedtobeuntrue.语法填空(二)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。第177页共177页
(2021·安徽江南十校高三3月一模联考)WiththeapproachofthePalaceMuseum’s600thanniversary,those__41__(hope)tovisititduringtheNationalDayholidaymayfind__42__difficulttogetin.SincetheCOVID-19pandemic__43__(break)out,ithaslimitedtheabilityofvisitorstoexperiencethemuseum__44__person—only12,000visitorsadayareallowedin.Meanwhile,tickets,__45__canbeavailable10daysinadvanceonline,alsohavebeensoldoutimmediately.Whilesome__46__(previous)scheduledeventshavebeencanceled,visitorscanstillappreciatethreehighlightedexhibitions__47__(hold)nextmonth.TheexhibitionswillpresentalargenumberofculturalremainsandalsogiveabriefintroductiontoChineseaesthetics(美学)．Additionally,aseriesof__48__(academy)activities,alongwiththeexhibitions,__49__(organize)atthemuseum.ThedirectorofthePalaceMuseumhopesthatalltheseactivitiescanraisepeople’s__50__(aware)totreasureandprotectourheritageandpromoteculturalvalueofthisera.B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·宁夏石嘴山市高考二模)YungangGrottoes(石窟)inDatong,Shanxiprovince,areaworldculturalheritagesitethat__41__(date)backtomorethan1,500yearsago.InYungang’s45biggrottoesandmorethan200smallgrottoes,thereareabout59,000figuresoftheBuddha,__42__areapricelesstreasureofhumanculture.__43__becauseoftheeffectsofclimatechangeand__44__(nature)disasters,thegrottoesfacedamageyearbyyear.Thanksto__45__(advance)digitaltechnology,researchersarebusy“duplicating”(复制)theYungangGrottoesinanattempttopreservethepreciousculturalrelics.Employing3Dlaserscanningtechnology,theresearchers__46__(digital)recordtheshapes,colorsandotherfinedetailsofthegrottoesandlaterreproducethemusing3Dprintingtechnology.Thenewtechnologycouldenablemorepeople__47__(access)theculturalrelicsdespitethedistance.__48__June,2020theresearcherssuccessfully“copiedandpasted”caveNo.12oftheYungangGrottoesforan__49__(exhibit)inHangzhou,inwhatistheworld’sfirstmobile3D-printed1：1“copy”ofagrotto.TheYungangresearchers’attemptisagoodexampleoftechnologyhelpingtopreserveculturalrelics.It__50__(hope)thatthenewdigitalizedtechnologieswillfacilitate(促进)the“rebirth”oftheculturallegacy,andbringthemtomoreplacesworldwide.C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·贵州省毕节市高三年级诊断性考试(三))InApril，Zhejiang’selementaryschoolsmadethesetofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)textbooksavailabletothepublic,whichwere__41__firstoftheirkindinChina,makingtheprovinceapioneerinteachingthesubjectto第177页共177页
__42__(pupil)inthecountry.With36lessonsforfifth-gradestudentssofar,thetextbooksincludefundamentalknowledgeofTCM.TCM,whichhasmadegreatcontributionstotheprosperityofChina,__43__(be)anintegralpartofChineseculture.TCM,withitsuniquediagnosticmethods,longhistoryandremarkableeffects,hasbeenused__44__(treat)cancerandotherseriousdiseases.ItiswidelyusedinChinaandisbecoming__45__(increasing)popularandrecognizedworldwide.Today__46__ofTCMandwesternmedicinearebeingusedinprovidingmedicalandhealthservicesinChina.TCMhasachievedanewlevelinthepreventionandtreatmentofcommondiseases.SincetheCOVID-19pandemic,TCM__47__(play)avitalrole.ZhongNanshan,__48__hasbeendevotinghislifetomedicine,saidthatTCM__49__(combine)withwesternmedicinemadegreatcontributionstothecureforCOVID-19．Accordingtothestatistics,therateofrecoverywasupto90%.__50__，it’sthoughtthatthespringofTCMisnotfaraway.D阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·广西南宁市高三一模)Sirinpun，astudentfromThailand,isstudyingTraditionalChineseMedicineatLiaoningUniversityofTCM.She__41__(be)inChinafor5years.Sheandherforeignfriendswork__42__volunteersattheLiaoningMuseumtohelpforeignerunderstand__43__culturalbackgroundoftheExhibitionofEightMastersofTangandSongDynasties.“ItisthekeytoChineseculturebutabigchallengeforforeignerswhohaveaninterestinChina.Byhelpingthem,Icanimprove__44__(I)ownunderstanding,andthiswillbe__45__(benefit)tomystudy，”sheexplained.Thereare27,700internationalstudentsfrom166countriesinLiaoning,rankingfifthinChina,__46__(report)bythelocalauthority.ButmostcanhardlyunderstandChinesecultureorjoininlocallifeduetocross-culturalbarriers.Tooffer__47__(convenient)toforeignerstobetterunderstandChineseculture,theLiaoningMuseumworkswithlocaluniversitiestoprovidesuchaplatform.“Throughthisexhibition,IhavegainedadeeperunderstandingaboutChina’slonghistoryandexcellentculture，”saidSirinpunYantarat.“ItseemsthatIhave__48__(absolute)gonebacktothetimesoftheeightmastersoftheTangandSongDynasties,__49__(enjoy)theirthoughtsandspirits.ShiYan，chiefoftheLiaoningUniversityofTCM，sayshesupportsinternationalstudentstoparticipateinsuchactivities,__50__willhelpthemcombineknowledgetogetherwithculture.语法填空(三)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·安徽马鞍山市高三一模)第177页共177页
Itisnormaltogetnewtextbooksforthenewterm,butinfact,the__41__(consume)ishuge,andsoisthewaste.Lastyear,about2.8billionschooltextbooks__42__(sell)withconsumersspendingatotalof20billionyuan.Ifthesetextbookswerereusedforoneyear,themoneysavedcouldbeenoughforbuildingaround40,000primaryschoolsinpoorareas.Manycollege__43__(graduate)sellthetextbookstheyhaveaccumulatedovertheyears__44__anaveragepriceof1yuanperkilogram.Thesetextbooksaremostlyusedtoproduce__45__(recycle)paper,butthecostisevenhigherthan__46__ofrawpaperastheprocessingprocedureiscomplicated.Publishinghousesandtextbookdistributorsdonotagreetotheideaof__47__(reuse)textbooks.Also,thereisnounified(统一的)platformandservicesupportsystemforthesecond-handtextbooktrade,whichleadsto__48__(reliable)supplychains.Fortunately,someonlineplatformsmakeiteasiertogetsecond-handtextbooks.OnKongfz.com,theturnoverofsecond-handtextbookshasseenanincreasebyover30percent__49__(annual)inthepastthreeyears.AccordingtoSunYutian,__50__isinchargeoftheplatform,thetotalsalesofsecond-handtextbooksthisyearhavealreadyexceeded(超过)14millionyuan.Second-handbooksaremoreaffordableandtheyarealsoofgoodquality.B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·河南省安阳市高三二模)The1918Spanishfluwasthemostdeadlyoutbreakinhistory.It__41__(cause)byanH1N1virusfoundingenesofbirds’origin.Althoughthereisnouniversalagreementregardingwherethevirus__42__(actual)originated,itspreadworldwideduring1918-1919．IntheUnitedStates,itwasfirstidentifiedinthearmyin__43__springof1918．Itwasestimatedthatabout500millionpeople__44__one-thirdoftheworld’spopulationofthattimebecameinfectedwiththisvirus.Thenumberof__45__(death)wasestimatedtobeatleast50millionworldwidewithabout675,000occurringintheUnitedStates.Thedeathratewashighinpeopleyoungerthan5yearsold,20-40yearsold,and65yearsand__46__(old)．Thehighdeathratein__47__(heath)people,includingthoseinthe20-to40-year-oldagegroup,wasauniquefeatureofthisdisease.Whilethe1918H1N1virushasbeenproducedandevaluatedbymodernscience,thefeaturesthathavemadeitsodeadlyarenotwellunderstood.Withnovaccinetoprotectagainstinfluenzainfectionandnomedicine__48__(treat)secondarybacteriainfections,controleffortsworldwidewerelimitedtonon-medicalmethods,__49__separation,quarantine(检疫),goodpersonalhygiene,andbanonpublicgatherings,__50__wereappliedinheavilyinfectedareas.C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。第177页共177页
(2021·湖南衡阳市高三一模)Oursunissuchafamiliarsightinthesky__36__youmightthinkstarslikeoursunarecommonacrosstheuniverse.Butatleast70%ofstarsintheuniversearereddwarfs,thetiniestandcoolest__37__(one)outthere.Withonlyabout7%to50%ofthemass__38__oursun,reddwarfsgenerateaslittleas1/10,000ththeenergyofthesun.Thismeanstheirstoresofhydrogenfuel__39__(consume)atasmallamountoftheratethatastarlikethesungoesthrough.Theygivealittlelightsoitis__40__(possible)toseethemwiththenakedeyes.Withreddwarf__41__(burn)soslowly,theiraveragelifetimeisbetween1and10trillion(万亿)years,whilethesunwillsurviveforanother5billionyears.LifeonEarth__42__(exist)forabout4billionyears.Oursunwilldieoneday,andthuswe’lleventuallyeitherdieoutorleaveEarth__43__(look)foranewplace.About5%ofreddwarfsin__44__MilkyWay,mayhostsuitable,roughlyEarth__45__(size)planets.D阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·福建省厦门市高三毕业班第三次质量检测)Whenitcomestobeingfitandhealthy,we’reoftenreminded__36__(aim)towalk10,000stepsperday.Thiscanbeafrustratingtargettoachieve,especiallywhenwe’rebusywithworkandother__37__(commitment)．However,recentresearchfromHarvardMedicalSchoolhasshownthat,__38__average,approximately4,400stepsadayisenoughtosignificantlyreducetheriskofdeathinwomen.Thiswas__39__itwascomparedtoonlywalkingaround2,700stepsdaily.Themorestepspeoplewalked,the__40__(low)theirriskofdyingwas,beforelevelingoffataround7,500stepsperday.No__41__(addition)benefitswereseenwithmoresteps.Althoughit’suncertainwhethersimilarresultswouldbeseeninmen,it’soneexampleofhowmoving__42__littlebitmoredailycanimprovehealthandreduceriskofdeath.Ifyouthinksittingatthedeskalldayisbadand__43__(simple)wanttomovemore,oneeasywaytodothatistoaddabout2,000stepstoyourcurrentstepcount.Walkingtowork,__44__(take)partinanonlineexerciseprogramormeetingwithfriendsforawalkalso__45__(work)toeasilygetmorephysicalactivity.B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·安徽示范高中皖北协作区高三一模)Formorethanfourdecades,BritishfilmmakerMichaelWood__41__(guide)viewersthroughthestoriesoftheDarkAges,theTrojanWar,andmanymore.ButitisChina__42__hasalwaysheldthemostfascinationforhimandlastyearhebecamethefirstfilmmakerfromoutsideChina__43__(make)afilmaboutthelifeandworkofpoetDuFu.AsshowninTheStoryofChina,usuallyDuFu’sworks__44__(learn)byheartbyChinese第177页共177页
schoolstudents.“Thatfilmopensawindowonaworld__45__(exist)inmydream.OnlywhenyoubegintostudyChinawillyourealize__46__iscommontohumanity，”hesaid.Recently,hedeliveredanonlinetalktointroduceChengdu.AswellasbeingthehomeofDuFu,Chengduhasclose__47__(tie)withManchester,whichhasthe__48__(large)ChinesestudentpopulationanywhereinEurope.StephenOwen,a__49__(translate)fromHarvard,saysDuFushouldbeconsideredalongsideShakespeareandDante__50__peoplewhohelpedcomposetheemotionalvocabularyoftheirculture.C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州高三一模)“ThenumberofchildrenaccordingtoNationalHealthService(NHS)withseriousmentalhealthproblems__41__(be)atanall-timehigh，”saydoctors.Itiswarned__42__thepandemiccouldcreatea“lost”generationwhowillbeaffectedby“lifelong”mentalillnesses.Doctorsblamedthecrisis__43__schoolclosurescancelledexamsandlockclowns.NHSfiguresrevealedthatthenumberofyoungsters__44__(take)toChildandAdolescentMentalHealthServiceswas4,615per100,000—the__45__(high)onrecord.Thefiguresareupnearly20percentfromlastyear.DrBernadkaDubickasaid,“Landmarkoccasionsinthelivesoftheseyoungpeoplewillbelost.Thisaddstoaperfectstormofamentalhealthcrisis,meaningchildrenmaynotget__46__helptheyneedandeven__47__(potential)leavingthegenerationlosttopovertyandlifelongmentalillness.”ShealsowroteintheDailyTelegraphthathalfofthecollege’schildpsychiatristshavereportedasurgein__48__(emergent)orurgency.AndNHSresearchalsoshowsthatoneinsixchildrennowhaveamentalhealthissue,upfromoneinninethree__49__(year)ago.DrDubickaadded,“Theschoolclosures,cancelledexamsandemptylecturehalls__50__(have)astrongeffectonourcommunitieslongafterCOVID-19iswritteninthehistorybooks.”D阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·黑龙江大庆市高三一模)TheThirty-SixStrategiesisoriginallyacollectionofancientChinesestrategiesappliedtomilitaryengagement.Today,manypeopleusethisancient__41__(wise)inbusiness,sportsaswellastheirdailylife,oftenthroughunconventionalmeans.ButtheoriginsoftheThirty-SixStrategiesareunknown.Noauthororcompilerhaseverbeenmentioned,andnodate__42__itmayhavebeenwrittenhasbeenconfirmed.Thefirsthistorical第177页共177页
mentionoftheThirty-SixStrategies__43__(date)backtotheSouthernChidynasty(AD489－537)whereitismentionedintheHistoryoftheSouthernChiDynasty.It__44__(brief)records,“Ofthe36strategiesofMasterTan,__45__(run)awayisthebest.”MasterTanmaybethefamousgeneralTanDaoji(AD436)butthereisnoevidence__46__(prove)hisauthorship.AllmodernversionsoftheThirty-SixStrategiesareoriginatedfromaraggedbook__47__(discover)ataroadsidevendor’sstallinSzechwanin1941．Itturnedouttobeareprintofanearlierbookdatingbackto__48__lateMingorearlyChingdynasty.Areprintwasfirstpublished__49__thegeneralpublicinBeijingin1979．Sincethen,severalChineseandEnglishlanguageversions__50__(publish)inChina,HongKong,andTaiwan.第177页共177页
参考答案与试题解析语法填空(一)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第三次质量预测)Six“sacrificialpits”(祭祀坑),__41__(date)backto3,200to4,000years,werediscoveredintheSanxingduiRuinssiteinGuanghan,Sichuanprovince,onMarch17,2021．Thebiggestpitamongthesix__42__(be)19squaremeters,andthesmallestis3.5squaremeters.Someunearthedartifactsreflectpreviousfindingsin1986likebronzemasksandjades,butshapesofsomelarge-sizebronzeobjectshaveneverbeenseen.TheSanxingduiRuinssite,__43__(consider)asoneofthemostimportantarchaeologicalsitesalongtheupperreachesoftheYangtzeRiver,coversanareaof12squarekilometers__44__itscorezoneofanancientcitycovering3.6squarekilometers.Itwasfirstfoundin1929．However,large-scaleexcavation(挖掘)onthesiteonlybeganin1986,whentwopits,widelybelievedforsacrificialceremonies,__45__(discover)accidentally.Thenewdiscoverieswillhelptobetterunderstandmanyunexplainedfindingsin1986,__46__thesimilarshapesandfindingsintheeightpits__47__(basic)makesuretheirfunctionshouldbesacrificialpits.AccordingtotheNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration,studiesoftheSanxingduiRuinssitewillbecomean__48__(importance)projectinaprogramArchaeologyChina,__49__triestoexplaintheoriginsofChinesecivilizationandhowdiverse__50__(culture)communicateandcometogether.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章对三星堆遗址的构成、重要性和对三星堆遗址的研究进行了介绍。41．dating 考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年3月17日，四川广汉三星堆遗址发现了6个“祭祀坑”，其历史可以追溯到3200年到4000年之间。动词date意为“始于(某一历史时期)”，和主语Six“sacrificialpits”构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作定语。故填dating。42．is 考查主谓一致和一般现在时。句意：6个坑中最大的19平方米，最小的3.5平方米。主语“Thebiggestpit”为第三人称单数，根据“thesmallestis3.5squaremeters”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故填is。43．considered 考查非谓语动词。句意：三星堆遗址被认为是长江上游最重要的考古遗址之一，占地面积12平方公里，其核心区是一个占地3.6平方公里的古城。动词consider意为“认为”，和主语“TheSanxingduiRuinssite”构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作定语。故填considered。第177页共177页
44．with/including 考查介词。句意：三星堆遗址被认为是长江上游最重要的考古遗址之一，占地面积12平方公里，其核心区是一个占地3.6平方公里的古城。此处是指三星堆遗址有或包含一个占地3.6平方公里的古城，可用介词with表示“有”，或用介词including表示“包括”。故填with/including。45．werediscovered 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：然而，对该遗址的大规模挖掘直到1986年才开始，当时偶然发现了两个被广泛认为是祭祀仪式的坑。根据“large-scaleexcavation(挖掘)onthesiteonlybeganin1986”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词discover意为“发现”，和主语twopits构成被动关系，主语twopits为复数。故填werediscovered。46．and 考查连词。句意：这些新发现将有助于更好地理解1986年许多无法解释的发现，8个坑的相似形状和发现基本上确定了它们的功能应该是祭祀坑。上文“Thenewdiscoverieswillhelptobetterunderstandmanyunexplainedfindingsin1986”和下文“thesimilarshapesandfindingsintheeightpits__47__makesuretheirfunctionshouldbesacrificialpits”构成并列关系，所以应用连词and。故填and。47．basically 考查副词。句意：这些新发现将有助于更好地理解1986年许多无法解释的发现，8个坑的相似形状和发现基本上确定了它们的功能应该是祭祀坑。修饰动词make应用副词。故填basically。48．important 考查形容词。句意：据国家文物局表示，对三星堆遗址的研究将成为中国考古项目的一个重要项目，该项目将试图解释中国文明的起源以及多种文化是如何交流和融合的。修饰名词project应用形容词。故填important。49．which 考查定语从句。句意：据国家文物局表示，对三星堆遗址的研究将成为中国考古项目的一个重要项目，该项目将试图解释中国文明的起源以及多种文化是如何交流和融合的。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为project，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。50．cultures 考查名词复数。句意：据国家文物局表示，对三星堆遗址的研究将成为中国考古项目的一个重要项目，该项目将试图解释中国文明的起源以及多种文化是如何交流和融合的。名词culture意为“多种文化”，为可数名词，在diverse后应用复数形式。故填cultures。B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·云南省昆明市高三“三诊一模”摸底诊断测试(二模))Atpresent,thetake-outindustryhasbecomeapopularconsumptionpattern.Apartfrom__41__(buy)foodfromtake-outstores,consumerscanorderfoodinmultipletimeandspaces__42__thehelpofnetwork.Whilewetendtothinkoftake-outfoodashavingoriginatedinthemodernera(时代)asaresultofour“toobusytopreparemyownmeal”lifestyle,the__43__(true)isquitetheopposite.Theconceptoftake-outfoodcanbetracedbacktobothancientGreeceandancientRome.IntheancientGreco-Romanworld,eatingathomewashighly__44__(usual)forpoor第177页共177页
people.Becausetheycouldnotaffordaprivatekitchenintheirhousetocook__45__(they),theyhadtobuy__46__(prepare)foodfrommarketandroadsidestalls.Thus,__47__wascalled“thermopolium”cameintobeing.Thewordthermopoliumliterallymeant“aplacewheresomethinghot__48__(sell)atthattime”．Itwaseitheranancientformofatake-outrestaurant__49__anoutdoorservicecounterthatofferedready-to-eatfood.Overtheyears,archaeologistshave__50__(constant)discoveredanumberofthermopileinPomeiiandHerculaneum,twotownsthatweredestroyed(andpreserved)bytheeruptionofMountVesuvius.Inonethermopolium,theremainsofclothbagscontainingaroundthousandcoinswerediscovered,certainlyshowingthepopularityoftheestablishment.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述外卖食品的起源和历史。41．buying 考查动名词。句意：消费者除了可以在外卖店购买外，还可以在网络的帮助下在多个时间和空间点餐。分析句子可知，设空处接在介词from后，应用buy的动名词形式作宾语，故填buying。42．with 考查介词。句意：消费者除了可以在外卖店购买外，还可以在网络的帮助下在多个时间和空间点餐。短语withthehelpof，意为“在……的帮助下”，根据句意和语境，故填with。43．truth 考查名词。句意：虽然我们倾向于认为外卖食品起源于现代，因为我们“太忙而没时间准备自己的饭菜”的生活方式，但事实恰恰相反。分析句子可知，设空处作主语，应用true的名词形式，故填truth。44．unusual 考查形容词。句意：在古希腊罗马时代，穷人在家吃饭是很不寻常的。分析句子可知，设空处接在be动词之后作表语，应用形容词，根据下文“Becausetheycouldnotaffordaprivatekitchenintheirhousetocook__45__”，可知设空处应为usual的反义词，故填unusual。45．themselves 考查反身代词。句意：因为他们买不起家里的私人厨房自己做饭，他们不得不从市场和路边摊上买现成的食物。根据句意可知，是不能自已做饭，所以应用反身代词，故填themselves。46．prepared 考查过去分词。句意：因为他们买不起家里的私人厨房自己做饭，他们不得不从市场和路边摊上买现成的食物。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词作定语，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填prepared。47．what 考查名词性从句。句意：这样，所谓的“thermopolium”就产生了。分析句子可知，__47__wascalled“thermopolium”为主语从句，设空处为连接词，在从句中作主语，指代事物，意为“(所)……东西”，应用连接代词what，故填what。48．wassold 考查时态和语态。句意：thermopolium这个词的字面意思是“当时卖热东西的地方”。分析句子可知，设空处为从句谓语动词，根据主句的时态是一般过去时，从句也应为一般过去时，从句中主语something和谓语之间是被动的关系，故填wassold。第177页共177页
49．or 考查固定搭配。句意：它要么是一种古老的外卖餐厅，要么是提供即食食品的户外服务台。短语either...or...，意为“或者……或者……；要么……要么……”，根据句意和语境，故填or。50．constantly 考查副词。句意：多年来，考古学家不断在波美伊和赫库兰尼姆发现大量的热电堆，这两个城镇在维苏威火山的爆发中被摧毁(并保存下来)。分析句子可知，设空处修饰谓语动词，应用constant的副词形式，故填constantly。C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·黑龙江高三一模)ThePalaceMuseum,alsocalledtheForbiddenCity,is__41__(locate)inthecenterofBeijing.Itcovers__42__areaof720,000squaremeters.Therearemorethan70largeandsmallpalacesandmorethan9,000houses.Itisoneofthe__43__(large)andmostcompleteancientwoodenstructuresintheworld.In1406,ZhuDi,the__44__(three)emperoroftheMingDynasty,orderedthe__45__(construct)ofaroyalpalaceinBeijingashisnewcapital.Fourteenyearslater,thispalacewasreadyandstarted__46__(it)servicetotheMingDynastyandtheQingDynasty.ThelastemperorofChina,PuYi,movedout__47__thepalacein1925．AfterthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,thenewgovernmenthadthePalaceMuseum__48__(repair),butthemajorpartsofthePalaceMuseumremained__49__theywere.Itwaslistedasaworldculturalheritagesitein1987and__50__(become)anationalAAAAAtouristattractionnow.ThePalaceMuseuminBeijingispraisedasthefirstofthefivemajorpalacesintheworldnow.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了故宫的历史发展和目前的情况。41．located 考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫，又称紫禁城，位于北京市中心。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“belocatedin...”，意为“位于……”，locate意为“使坐落于”，动词词性，located为locate的过去分词。故填located。42．an 考查冠词。句意：占地面积72万平方米。分析句子可知，句中“area”意为“区域”，为可数名词，句中泛指一个区域，故应用不定冠词修饰，area单词音标第一个音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。43．largest 考查形容词最高级。句意：它是世界上最大、最完整的古代木结构建筑之一。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“oneofthe＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”，意为“最……之一”，large意为“大的”，形容词词性，最高级为largest。故填largest。44．third 考查序数词。句意：1406年，明朝第三位皇帝朱棣下令在北京建造一座皇宫作为他的新都。根据句意和句中定冠词“the”可知，句中指的是“明朝第三位皇帝”，故空格处应用序数词，表示顺序，three为基数词，对应的序数词为third，意为“第三”。故填third。第177页共177页
45．construction 考查名词。句意：1406年，明朝第三位皇帝朱棣下令在北京建造一座皇宫作为他的新都。分析句子可知，the__45__ofaroyalpalace在句中作宾语，故空格处应用名词，construct意为“建造”，动词词性，对应的名词为construction，意为“建筑物”。故填construction。46．its 考查代词。句意：14年后，这座宫殿建成并开始服务于明朝和清朝。分析句子可知，句中“service”意为“服务”，名词词性，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，it对应的形容词性物主代词为its，意为“它的”。故填its。47．of 考查介词。句意：中国最后一位皇帝溥仪于1925年搬出宫殿。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“moveoutof...”意为“搬出……”，句中指“搬出宫殿”，故空格处应用of。故填of。48．repaired 考查非谓语动词。句意：1949年中华人民共和国成立后，新政府对故宫博物院进行了修缮，但故宫博物院的主要部分仍保持原样。分析句子可知，句子是由but连接的并列句，but前句中涉及“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，repair意为“修理，修缮”，动词词性，“thePalaceMuseum”与“repair”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用repair的过去分词repaired，在句中作宾语补足语。故填repaired。49．what 考查表语从句。句意：1949年中华人民共和国成立后，新政府对故宫博物院进行了修缮，但故宫博物院的主要部分仍保持原样。分析句子可知，空格所在句为表语从句，空格处单词引导从句作“remained”的表语，从句中也缺少表语，根据句意表示“物”也就是指“原来的状态”，且没有选择范围，故应用what引导从句。故填what。50．becomes/hasbecome 考查动词时态。句意：1987年被列为世界文化遗产，现已成为国家AAAAA级旅游景区。分析句子可知，空格所在句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，become意为“成为”，动词词性，句子主语为“It”，故应用become的三单形式becomes；或用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，句子主语为“It”，与has连用，become的过去分词为become。故填becomes/hasbecome。D阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·山西朔州市高三一模)Didyouknowthatwhatyouthinkyoulikeanddon’tlikeisoftentheresultoffalse__41__(believe)？Ashumans,wetendtobe__42__(easy)influencedwhenitcomestolikingordislikingsomething,andwe’rehappytohaveourexistingopinions__43__(confirm)．Butoncetheybecamefixed,weoftenloseourabilitytobe__44__(object)andwedon’tliketohaveourideaschallenged.Generallyspeaking,humanbeingsarenotgoodattakingabalancedviewofthings.Forinstance,weunconsciouslystarttolistenforandselectinformationthat__45__(match)ourunderstandingandturnablindeyetoinformationthatdoesn’t,__46__(reject)itoutofhand.Wedon’talwaysliketoacceptnewinformationthatdoesn’tmatchupwithwhatwealready第177页共177页
believe.Asaresult,weoftendon’tevenconsiderthereasonsbehind__47__opposingpointofview.Instead,welookforevidencethatconfirms__48__wehavealreadythought,andwhichconformstoourownpointofview.We’remorelikely__49__(give)meaningtoinformationthatmatchesthosewe’vealreadybelieved.Inotherwords,wearebiased(有偏见的)towardscertaininformation.__50__cancomeasashockwheninformationwetrustedisactuallyexposedtobeuntrue.【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了我们认为自己喜欢和不喜欢的东西往往是错误信念的结果。41．beliefs 考查名词的数。句意：你知道吗？你认为你喜欢和不喜欢的东西往往是错误信念的结果。空处作宾语，表示“信念”应用名词belief，belief当“具体的信念”讲时，为可数名词，前文没有冠词，故应用复数形式。故填beliefs。42．easily 考查副词。句意：作为人类，在喜欢或不喜欢某件事时，我们很容易受到影响，而且我们很高兴让我们已有的观点得到证实。修饰后文动词influence应用副词easily，作状语。故填easily。43．confirmed 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为人类，在喜欢或不喜欢某件事时，我们很容易受到影响，而且我们很高兴让我们已有的观点得到证实。此处为“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构，opinions与confirm构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作宾补。故填confirmed。44．objective 考查形容词。句意：但一旦它们被固定下来，我们往往会失去能够客观看待问题的能力，我们也不喜欢自己的想法受到挑战。根据上文be可知应填形容词objective作表语。故填objective。45．matches 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，我们会无意识地开始倾听和选择与我们的理解相符的信息，而对不相符的信息视而不见，当即拒绝接受。此处为定语从句修饰先行词information，根据上文start可知用一般现在时，描述一个客观的事实，关系词替代先行词，information是不可数名词，从句谓语动词用单数。故填matches。46．rejecting 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，我们会无意识地开始倾听和选择与我们的理解相符的信息，而对不相符的信息视而不见，当即拒绝接受。分析句子结构，可知reject在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语we构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填rejecting。47．an 考查冠词。句意：因此，我们常常甚至不去考虑相反观点背后的原因。point为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且opposing是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。48．what 考查宾语从句。句意：相反，我们寻找证实我们已经想到的东西、并且符合我们自己的观点的证据。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代事情应用what引导。故填what。49．to第177页共177页
give 考查固定句型。句意：我们更有可能给那些我们已经相信的信息赋予意义。表示“可能做某事”固定句型为belikelytodosth.。故填togive。50．It 考查固定句型。句意：当我们相信的信息实际上被曝光为不真实的时候，我们会感到震惊。此处为固定句型Itcancomeasashock...，表示“令人震惊的是……”，句首单词首字母要大写。故填It。语法填空(二)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·安徽江南十校高三3月一模联考)WiththeapproachofthePalaceMuseum’s600thanniversary,those__41__(hope)tovisititduringtheNationalDayholidaymayfind__42__difficulttogetin.SincetheCOVID-19pandemic__43__(break)out,ithaslimitedtheabilityofvisitorstoexperiencethemuseum__44__person—only12,000visitorsadayareallowedin.Meanwhile,tickets,__45__canbeavailable10daysinadvanceonline,alsohavebeensoldoutimmediately.Whilesome__46__(previous)scheduledeventshavebeencanceled,visitorscanstillappreciatethreehighlightedexhibitions__47__(hold)nextmonth.TheexhibitionswillpresentalargenumberofculturalremainsandalsogiveabriefintroductiontoChineseaesthetics(美学)．Additionally,aseriesof__48__(academy)activities,alongwiththeexhibitions,__49__(organize)atthemuseum.ThedirectorofthePalaceMuseumhopesthatalltheseactivitiescanraisepeople’s__50__(aware)totreasureandprotectourheritageandpromoteculturalvalueofthisera.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍为了庆祝故宫600年诞辰，故宫举办的各种各样的活动以及游客对这些活动的热情参与。41．hoping 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着故宫建馆600周年纪念日的临近，那些希望在国庆假期参观故宫的人可能会发现很难买到门票。分析句子成分可知，hope在句中充当定语成分，修饰前面的代词those，且与those是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填hoping。42．it 考查代词。句意：随着故宫建馆600周年纪念日的临近，那些希望在国庆假期参观故宫的人可能会发现很难买到门票。分析句子结构可知，find后要用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为togetin。故填it。43．broke 考查时态。句意：自2019冠状病毒爆发以来，博物馆限制了游客亲自游览故宫，每天只允许1.2万名游客参观。分析句子成分可知，设空处为since引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。故填broke。44．in 考查介词。句意：自2019冠状病毒爆发以来，博物馆限制了游客亲自游览故宫，每天只允许1.2万名游客参观。根据上文“SincetheCOVID-19pandemic__43__(break)out,ithaslimitedtheabilityofvisitorstoexperiencethemuseum”可知，因为疫情，博物馆限制游客人数，所以应该是限制游客亲自去体验游览，inperson为固定词组，意为“亲自”。故填in。第177页共177页
45．which 考查定语从句。句意：与此同时，可以在网上提前10天购买的门票也立即售罄。分析可知，空后为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tickets，且在从句中作主语，要用which引导。故填which。46．previously 考查副词。句意：虽然一些事先安排的活动已经取消，但游客仍可以欣赏将于下月举行的三场重点展览。修饰形容词scheduled要用副词。故填previously。47．tobeheld 考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然一些事先安排的活动已经取消，但游客仍可以欣赏将于下月举行的三场重点展览。分析句子可知，该句hold在句中充当定语成分，修饰前面的exhibitions，且与exhibitions是被动关系，结合时间状语nextmonth，表示将来，故用动词不定式的被动形式tobeheld。故填tobeheld。48．academic 考查形容词。句意：此外，博物馆还将举办一系列学术活动和展览。修饰名词activities，应用academy的形容词形式academic。故填academic。49．willbeorganized 考查时态和语态。句意：此外，博物馆还将举办一系列学术活动和展览。根据文段中alongwiththeexhibitions，再结合前句时态，可知这些活动应该是即将被组织，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。故填willbeorganized。50．awareness 考查名词。句意：博物馆希望通过这些活动，提高人们珍惜和保护遗产的意识，提升这个时代的文化价值。前面people’s为名词所有格形式，因此可推断设空处应填名词。故填awareness。B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·宁夏石嘴山市高考二模)YungangGrottoes(石窟)inDatong,Shanxiprovince,areaworldculturalheritagesitethat__41__(date)backtomorethan1,500yearsago.InYungang’s45biggrottoesandmorethan200smallgrottoes,thereareabout59,000figuresoftheBuddha,__42__areapricelesstreasureofhumanculture.__43__becauseoftheeffectsofclimatechangeand__44__(nature)disasters,thegrottoesfacedamageyearbyyear.Thanksto__45__(advance)digitaltechnology,researchersarebusy“duplicating”(复制)theYungangGrottoesinanattempttopreservethepreciousculturalrelics.Employing3Dlaserscanningtechnology,theresearchers__46__(digital)recordtheshapes,colorsandotherfinedetailsofthegrottoesandlaterreproducethemusing3Dprintingtechnology.Thenewtechnologycouldenablemorepeople__47__(access)theculturalrelicsdespitethedistance.__48__June,2020theresearcherssuccessfully“copiedandpasted”caveNo.12oftheYungangGrottoesforan__49__(exhibit)inHangzhou,inwhatistheworld’sfirstmobile3D-printed1：1“copy”ofagrotto.TheYungangresearchers’attemptisagoodexampleoftechnologyhelpingtopreserve第177页共177页
culturalrelics.It__50__(hope)thatthenewdigitalizedtechnologieswillfacilitate(促进)the“rebirth”oftheculturallegacy,andbringthemtomoreplacesworldwide.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究人员使用数字技术复制云冈石窟，希望保存这些遗产。41．dates 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：山西大同的云冈石窟是世界文化遗产，可追溯至1500多年前。此处表述一个一般性事实，应用一般现在时，that引导一个定语从句，that指代先行词site，表示单数意义，故从句谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填dates。42．which 考查定语从句。句意：在云冈的45个大石窟和200多个小石窟中，大约有59000尊佛像，这是人类文化的无价之宝。分析句子可知，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是59,000figuresoftheBuddha，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，故填which。43．But 考查连词。句意：但是由于气候变化和自然灾难的影响，石窟一年年地面临着破坏。上文提到石窟的价值，结合空后“石窟一年年地面临着破坏”可知，上下文是转折关系，应用but，首字母应大写。故填But。44．natural 考查形容词。句意：但是由于气候变化和自然灾难的影响，石窟一年年地面临着破坏。空处修饰名词disasters，应用形容词作定语，natural意为“自然的”。故填natural。45．advanced 考查形容词。句意：多亏先进的数字技术，研究人员正忙于对云冈石窟进行复制，试图保护这些珍贵的文物。空处修饰名词短语digitaltechnology，应用形容词作定语，advanced意为“先进的”，故填advanced。46．digitally 考查副词。句意：采用三维激光扫描技术，研究人员用数字技术记录了石窟的形状、颜色和其他细节，然后使用3D打印技术重现它们。空处修饰动词record，应用副词形式，故填digitally。47．toaccess 考查非谓语动词。句意：这项新技术可以让更多的人在距离遥远的情况下接触到文物。enablesb.todosth.使某人能够做某事，故此处用动词不定式。故填toaccess。48．In 考查介词。句意：在2020年6月，在杭州的一次展览中，研究人员成功复制并粘贴了云冈石窟的第12窟，这是世界上第一个移动3D打印的1:1石窟副本。空后时间为“June,2020”，应用介词in，首字母大写。故填In。49．exhibition 考查名词。句意：在2020年6月，在杭州的一次展览中，研究人员成功复制并粘贴了云冈石窟的第12窟，这是世界上第一个移动3D打印的1:1石窟副本。空处应填名词作宾语，exhibition是可数名词，结合空前的an可知，此处用单数形式。故填exhibition。50．is第177页共177页
hoped 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：希望新的数字化技术能够促进文化遗产的重生，并将其带到世界上更多的地方。结合语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语It是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语，动词hope和主语之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是It，be动词用is。故填ishoped。C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·贵州省毕节市高三年级诊断性考试(三))InApril，Zhejiang’selementaryschoolsmadethesetofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)textbooksavailabletothepublic,whichwere__41__firstoftheirkindinChina,makingtheprovinceapioneerinteachingthesubjectto__42__(pupil)inthecountry.With36lessonsforfifth-gradestudentssofar,thetextbooksincludefundamentalknowledgeofTCM.TCM,whichhasmadegreatcontributionstotheprosperityofChina,__43__(be)anintegralpartofChineseculture.TCM,withitsuniquediagnosticmethods,longhistoryandremarkableeffects,hasbeenused__44__(treat)cancerandotherseriousdiseases.ItiswidelyusedinChinaandisbecoming__45__(increasing)popularandrecognizedworldwide.Today__46__ofTCMandwesternmedicinearebeingusedinprovidingmedicalandhealthservicesinChina.TCMhasachievedanewlevelinthepreventionandtreatmentofcommondiseases.SincetheCOVID-19pandemic,TCM__47__(play)avitalrole.ZhongNanshan,__48__hasbeendevotinghislifetomedicine,saidthatTCM__49__(combine)withwesternmedicinemadegreatcontributionstothecureforCOVID-19．Accordingtothestatistics,therateofrecoverywasupto90%.__50__，it’sthoughtthatthespringofTCMisnotfaraway.【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。今年4月，浙江的小学向公众开放了一套中国传统中医(TCM)教材，这是中国的第一个此类教材，使浙江省成为全国教育学生中医的先驱。文章介绍了中医的作用和重要贡献。41．the 考查冠词。句意：今年4月，浙江的小学向公众开放了一套中国传统中医(TCM)教材，这是中国的第一个此类教材，使浙江省成为全国教育学生这一学科的先驱。序数词first前用定冠词限定，故填the。42．pupils 考查名词复数。句意：今年4月，浙江的小学向公众开放了一套中国传统中医(TCM)教材，这是中国的第一个此类教材，使浙江省成为全国教育学生这一学科的先驱。根据句意可知，此处指浙江省的所有小学生，pupil是可数名词，用复数形式，故填pupils。43．is 考查主谓一致。句意：中医药为中华民族的繁荣昌盛做出了巨大贡献，是中华文化的重要组成部分。此处表示客观事实，用一般现在时。句中主语TCM是单数，故填is。44．totreat 考查不定式。句意：中医以其独特的诊断方法、悠久的历史和显著的疗效，被用于治疗癌症和其他重大疾病。“被用于做某事”是beusedtodo，故填totreat。45．increasingly 考查副词。句意：它在中国被广泛使用，并在世界范围内越来越受欢迎和认可。修饰形容词popular用副词，故填increasingly。第177页共177页
46．both 考查代词。句意：今天，中医和西医在中国的医疗卫生服务中并举。此处指TCM和westernmedicine两者，“两者都”是both，故填both。47．hasplayed 考查动词时态。句意：新冠肺炎大流行以来，中医药发挥了重要作用。时间状语SincetheCOVID-19pandemic和现在完成时连用，主语TCM是单数，故填hasplayed。48．who 考查定语从句。句意：钟南山毕生从事医学研究，他说，中西医结合为新型冠状病毒肺炎的治疗做出了巨大贡献。句中包含非限制性定语从句，先行词是ZhongNanshan，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导定语从句。故填who。49．combined 考查非谓语动词。句意：钟南山毕生从事医学研究，他说，中西医结合为新型冠状病毒肺炎的治疗做出了巨大贡献。宾语从句中已有谓语动词made，此处用非谓语动词。从句主语TCM和动词combine是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填combined。50．Therefore/So 考查副词。句意：因此，人们认为中医的春天已经不远了。上句介绍中医在治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎中起的重要作用，与下句是因果关系，故填Therefore/So。D阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·广西南宁市高三一模)Sirinpun，astudentfromThailand,isstudyingTraditionalChineseMedicineatLiaoningUniversityofTCM.She__41__(be)inChinafor5years.Sheandherforeignfriendswork__42__volunteersattheLiaoningMuseumtohelpforeignerunderstand__43__culturalbackgroundoftheExhibitionofEightMastersofTangandSongDynasties.“ItisthekeytoChineseculturebutabigchallengeforforeignerswhohaveaninterestinChina.Byhelpingthem,Icanimprove__44__(I)ownunderstanding,andthiswillbe__45__(benefit)tomystudy，”sheexplained.Thereare27,700internationalstudentsfrom166countriesinLiaoning,rankingfifthinChina,__46__(report)bythelocalauthority.ButmostcanhardlyunderstandChinesecultureorjoininlocallifeduetocross-culturalbarriers.Tooffer__47__(convenient)toforeignerstobetterunderstandChineseculture,theLiaoningMuseumworkswithlocaluniversitiestoprovidesuchaplatform.“Throughthisexhibition,IhavegainedadeeperunderstandingaboutChina’slonghistoryandexcellentculture，”saidSirinpunYantarat.“ItseemsthatIhave__48__(absolute)gonebacktothetimesoftheeightmastersoftheTangandSongDynasties,__49__(enjoy)theirthoughtsandspirits.ShiYan，chiefoftheLiaoningUniversityofTCM，sayshesupportsinternationalstudentstoparticipateinsuchactivities,__50__willhelpthemcombineknowledgetogetherwithculture.【语篇解读】 第177页共177页
这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述来自泰国的学生Sirinpun在辽宁中医药大学学习中医。她和她的外国朋友在辽宁博物馆做志愿者，帮助外国人了解唐宋八大家展览的文化背景。41．hasbeen 考查时态。句意：她在中国呆了5年了。根据前后句意及“for5years”可知，此处用现在完成时，表示她来中国已经5年了。主语是she，谓语用三单形式has。故填hasbeen。42．as 考查介词。句意：她和她的外国朋友在辽宁博物馆做志愿者，帮助外国人了解唐宋八大家展览的文化背景。workas“担任……”，属于固定短语。故填as。43．the 考查定冠词。句意：她和她的外国朋友在辽宁博物馆做志愿者，帮助外国人了解唐宋八大家展览的文化背景。根据句意，这里特指唐宋八大家展览的文化背景，本空应填定冠词the。故填the。44．my 考查人称代词。句意：通过帮助他们，我可以提高自己的理解，这也有利于我的学习。本空后面有own，再根据句意，这里填形容词性物主代词，表示“提高我自己对中国文化的了解”。故填my。45．beneficial 考查形容词。句意：通过帮助他们，我可以提高自己的理解，这也有利于我的学习。本空后面是介词to，本空又在句子表语的位置上，根据句意，这里应填形容词，表示“这对我的学习也很有益处”。故填beneficial。46．reported 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据当地权威机构的报告，辽宁省有来自166个国家的27700名国际学生，在中国排名第五。report与逻辑主语是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填reported。47．convenience 考查名词。句意：为了方便外国人更好地了解中国文化，辽宁博物馆与当地大学合作提供了这样一个平台。本空位于动词offer后面，根据句意，应填名词作offer的宾语，表示“为了方便外国人更好地了解中国文化”。故填convenience。48．absolutely 考查副词。句意：我好像完全回到了唐宋八大家的时代，领略着他们的思想和精神。本空位于谓语动词之前，故应用副词修饰动词。故填absolutely。49．enjoying 考查非谓语动词。句意：我好像完全回到了唐宋八大家的时代，领略着他们的思想和精神。本空为非谓语动词，enjoy与主语在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填enjoying。50．which 考查定语从句。句意：辽宁中医药大学院长石岩表示，他支持国际学生参加这些活动，这将有助于他们将知识与文化结合起来。这里用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词activities，并在从句中作主语。故填which。语法填空(三)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·安徽马鞍山市高三一模)第177页共177页
Itisnormaltogetnewtextbooksforthenewterm,butinfact,the__41__(consume)ishuge,andsoisthewaste.Lastyear,about2.8billionschooltextbooks__42__(sell)withconsumersspendingatotalof20billionyuan.Ifthesetextbookswerereusedforoneyear,themoneysavedcouldbeenoughforbuildingaround40,000primaryschoolsinpoorareas.Manycollege__43__(graduate)sellthetextbookstheyhaveaccumulatedovertheyears__44__anaveragepriceof1yuanperkilogram.Thesetextbooksaremostlyusedtoproduce__45__(recycle)paper,butthecostisevenhigherthan__46__ofrawpaperastheprocessingprocedureiscomplicated.Publishinghousesandtextbookdistributorsdonotagreetotheideaof__47__(reuse)textbooks.Also,thereisnounified(统一的)platformandservicesupportsystemforthesecond-handtextbooktrade,whichleadsto__48__(reliable)supplychains.Fortunately,someonlineplatformsmakeiteasiertogetsecond-handtextbooks.OnKongfz.com,theturnoverofsecond-handtextbookshasseenanincreasebyover30percent__49__(annual)inthepastthreeyears.AccordingtoSunYutian,__50__isinchargeoftheplatform,thetotalsalesofsecond-handtextbooksthisyearhavealreadyexceeded(超过)14millionyuan.Second-handbooksaremoreaffordableandtheyarealsoofgoodquality.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。教科书的消费是巨大的，浪费也是巨大的。更多的人选择使用二手教科书。41．consumption/consuming 考查名词。句意：新学期买新课本是很正常的，但事实上，消费是巨大的，浪费也是巨大的。根据“Itisnormaltogetnewtextbooksforthenewterm”可知，此处是指新课本的消耗，所以应用名词consumption/consuming(消费，消耗)，作主语。故填consumption/consuming。42．weresold 考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意：去年，约28亿册教科书被售出，消费者的消费总额达200亿元人民币。根据Lastyear可知，应用一般过去时。动词sell(售卖)和主语textbooks构成被动关系。故填weresold。43．graduates 考查名词复数。句意：许多大学毕业生以每公斤1元的平均价格出售他们积累多年的教科书。此处作主语应用名词形式，graduate作名词意为“毕业生”，为可数名词。在many后应用复数形式。故填graduates。44．at 考查介词和固定搭配。句意：许多大学毕业生以每公斤1元的平均价格出售他们积累多年的教科书。表示“以……的价格”应用介词at。故填at。45．recycled/recyclable 考查形容词。句意：这些教科书大多用于生产回收纸，但由于加工过程复杂，成本甚至比原纸还要高。修饰名词paper应用形容词。形容词recycled意为“回收利用的”，recyclable意为“可回收利用的”。故填recycled/recyclable。46．that 考查指示代词。句意：这些教科书大多用于生产回收纸，但由于加工过程复杂，成本甚至比原纸还要高。此处代指前文提到的thecost，应用that。故填that。第177页共177页
47．reusing 考查动名词。句意：出版社和教材经销商不同意重复使用教材的想法。介词of后应用动名词。故填reusing。48．unreliable 考查形容词反义词。句意：二手教材交易没有统一的平台和服务支撑体系，导致供应链不可靠。根据“thereisnounified(统一的)platformandservicesupportsystemforthesecond-handtextbooktrade”可知，供应链并不可靠。形容词unreliable意为“不可靠的”作定语修饰名词。故填unreliable。49．annually 考查副词。句意：在Kongfz.com上，二手教科书的营业额在过去三年里以每年30%以上的速度增长。修饰动词seen应用副词。故填annually。50．who 考查定语从句。句意：据该平台负责人孙玉田介绍，今年二手教科书的总销售额已经超过1400万元。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为SunYutian，所以应用关系代词who。故填who。B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·河南省安阳市高三二模)The1918Spanishfluwasthemostdeadlyoutbreakinhistory.It__41__(cause)byanH1N1virusfoundingenesofbirds’origin.Althoughthereisnouniversalagreementregardingwherethevirus__42__(actual)originated,itspreadworldwideduring1918-1919．IntheUnitedStates,itwasfirstidentifiedinthearmyin__43__springof1918．Itwasestimatedthatabout500millionpeople__44__one-thirdoftheworld’spopulationofthattimebecameinfectedwiththisvirus.Thenumberof__45__(death)wasestimatedtobeatleast50millionworldwidewithabout675,000occurringintheUnitedStates.Thedeathratewashighinpeopleyoungerthan5yearsold,20-40yearsold,and65yearsand__46__(old)．Thehighdeathratein__47__(heath)people,includingthoseinthe20-to40-year-oldagegroup,wasauniquefeatureofthisdisease.Whilethe1918H1N1virushasbeenproducedandevaluatedbymodernscience,thefeaturesthathavemadeitsodeadlyarenotwellunderstood.Withnovaccinetoprotectagainstinfluenzainfectionandnomedicine__48__(treat)secondarybacteriainfections,controleffortsworldwidewerelimitedtonon-medicalmethods,__49__separation,quarantine(检疫),goodpersonalhygiene,andbanonpublicgatherings,__50__wereappliedinheavilyinfectedareas.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。1918年爆发的西班牙大流感给人类带来巨大的灾难。而造成这次流感致命性的原因至今仍然是一个谜。41．wascaused 考查动词时态和语态。句意：它是由在鸟类起源基因中发现的H1N1病毒引起的。主语It与动词cause之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wascaused。第177页共177页
42．actually 考查副词。句意：虽然对于病毒的起源没有普遍的共识，但它在1918-1919年期间在全世界传播。修饰谓语动词originated应用副词。故填actually。43．the 考查冠词。句意：在美国，1918年春，它首次在军队中被发现。此处用定冠词the，特指1918年的春天。故填the。44．or 考查连词。句意：据估计，当时约有5亿人或世界人口的三分之一感染了这种病毒。分析可知空格前后两部分为选择性并列关系。故填or。45．deaths 考查名词。句意：全球死亡人数估计至少有5000万人，其中约67.5万人发生在美国。death指“死亡的人”时，为可数名词，此处用复数形式指所有死亡的人。故填deaths。46．older 考查形容词比较级。句意：5岁以下、20－40岁、65岁及以上人群的死亡率较高。根据句意可知，此处是指65岁以上的人，即比65岁大的人，用比较级。故用older。47．healthy 考查形容词。句意：健康人群包括20－40岁年龄组的高死亡率是该病的一个独特特征。修饰后面的名词people，用health的形容词形式。故填healthy。48．totreat 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于没有预防流感感染的疫苗，也没有治疗继发细菌感染的药物，全球范围内的控制措施仅限于隔离、保持个人卫生、禁止公共集会等非医学方法，而这些方法在疫情严重的地区得到了应用。结合上文的“Withnovaccinetoprotectagainstinfluenzainfection”分析可知，此处为with的复合结构：with＋n.＋todo，and连接两个相同的结构，故设空处也应用不定式。故填totreat。49．like/including 考查介词。句意：由于没有预防流感感染的疫苗，也没有治疗继发细菌感染的药物，全球范围内的控制措施仅限于隔离、保持个人卫生、禁止公共集会等非医学方法，而这些方法在疫情严重的地区得到了应用。这里列举一系列事物用介词like或including。故填like/including。50．which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：由于没有预防流感感染的疫苗，也没有治疗继发细菌感染的药物，全球范围内的控制措施仅限于隔离、保持个人卫生、禁止公共集会等非医学方法，而这些方法在疫情严重的地区得到了应用。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为methods，指物，从句缺少主语，用关系代词which(that不能引导非限制性定语从句)。故填which。C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·湖南衡阳市高三一模)Oursunissuchafamiliarsightinthesky__36__youmightthinkstarslikeoursunarecommonacrosstheuniverse.Butatleast70%ofstarsintheuniversearereddwarfs,thetiniestandcoolest__37__(one)outthere.Withonlyabout7%to50%ofthemass__38__oursun,reddwarfsgenerateaslittleas1/10,000ththeenergyofthesun.Thismeanstheirstoresofhydrogenfuel__39__(consume)atasmallamountoftheratethatastarlikethesungoesthrough.Theygive第177页共177页
alittlelightsoitis__40__(possible)toseethemwiththenakedeyes.Withreddwarf__41__(burn)soslowly,theiraveragelifetimeisbetween1and10trillion(万亿)years,whilethesunwillsurviveforanother5billionyears.LifeonEarth__42__(exist)forabout4billionyears.Oursunwilldieoneday,andthuswe’lleventuallyeitherdieoutorleaveEarth__43__(look)foranewplace.About5%ofreddwarfsin__44__MilkyWay,mayhostsuitable,roughlyEarth__45__(size)planets.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇宙中的红矮星。36．that 考查固定句型。句意：我们的太阳在天空中是如此熟悉的景象，以至于你可能会认为像太阳这样的恒星在宇宙中是常见的。such...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。37．ones 考查代词。句意：但宇宙中至少70%的恒星是红矮星，它们是宇宙中最小、温度最低的恒星。空处指代“70%的恒星中最小的和温度最低的那些”，需用复数形式ones表示泛指。故填ones。38．of 考查介词。句意：红矮星的质量只有太阳的7%到50%，产生的能量只有太阳的万分之一。“the＋n.＋of”为固定用法，表示“……的”。故填of。39．areconsumed 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这意味着它们储存的氢燃料消耗的速度很小，只是像太阳这样的恒星消耗的速度。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为stores，是复数名词，谓语动词使用复数形式，且主语stores和consume为被动关系，使用被动语态。故填areconsumed。40．impossible 考查形容词的反义词。句意：它们发出一点光，所以用肉眼是不可能看到它们的。is为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，结合语境可知，此处为“不可能的”。故填impossible。41．burning 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于红矮星燃烧得如此缓慢，它们的平均寿命在1到10万亿年之间，而太阳将再存活50亿年。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，reddwarf和burn为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式burning。故填burning。42．hasexisted/hasbeenexisting 考查动词时态。句意：地球上的生命已经存在了大约40亿年。根据“forabout4billionyears”可知，此处使用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，主语为Life，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填hasexisted或hasbeenexisting。43．tolook 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的太阳总有一天会消亡，因此我们最终要么灭绝，要么离开地球去寻找新的地方。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词“dieout”和“leave”，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填tolook。44．the 考查冠词。句意：银河系中大约5%的红矮星可能拥有合适的、和地球差不多大小的行星。“MilkyWay”是独一无二的事物，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。第177页共177页
45．sized 考查非谓语动词。句意：银河系中大约5%的红矮星可能拥有合适的、和地球差不多大小的行星。空处需填过去分词作定语表性质。故填sized。D阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·福建省厦门市高三毕业班第三次质量检测)Whenitcomestobeingfitandhealthy,we’reoftenreminded__36__(aim)towalk10,000stepsperday.Thiscanbeafrustratingtargettoachieve,especiallywhenwe’rebusywithworkandother__37__(commitment)．However,recentresearchfromHarvardMedicalSchoolhasshownthat,__38__average,approximately4,400stepsadayisenoughtosignificantlyreducetheriskofdeathinwomen.Thiswas__39__itwascomparedtoonlywalkingaround2,700stepsdaily.Themorestepspeoplewalked,the__40__(low)theirriskofdyingwas,beforelevelingoffataround7,500stepsperday.No__41__(addition)benefitswereseenwithmoresteps.Althoughit’suncertainwhethersimilarresultswouldbeseeninmen,it’soneexampleofhowmoving__42__littlebitmoredailycanimprovehealthandreduceriskofdeath.Ifyouthinksittingatthedeskalldayisbadand__43__(simple)wanttomovemore,oneeasywaytodothatistoaddabout2,000stepstoyourcurrentstepcount.Walkingtowork,__44__(take)partinanonlineexerciseprogramormeetingwithfriendsforawalkalso__45__(work)toeasilygetmorephysicalactivity.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章认为多走路对身体有好处，哈佛医学院最近的研究表明，平均每天大约4400步足以显著降低女性的死亡风险。36．toaim 考查非谓语动词。句意：当谈到身体健康时，我们经常被提醒每天步行10000步。remindsbtodosth.意为“提醒某人做某事”，为固定搭配，此处用todo不定式作宾语补足语。故填toaim。37．commitments 考查名词复数。句意：这可能是一个令人沮丧的目标，尤其是当我们忙于工作和其他事情的时候。commitment意为“不得不做的事”，为可数名词，在other后应用复数形式。故填commitments。38．on 考查介词和固定搭配。句意：然而，哈佛医学院最近的研究表明，平均每天大约4400步足以显著降低女性的死亡风险。onaverage意为“平均”，为固定搭配。故填on。39．when 考查名词性从句。句意：这是与每天只走2700步相比的时候。表语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，根据句意可知，此处是指这是与每天只走2700步相比的时候，平均每天大约4400步足以显著降低女性的死亡风险。所以应用when引导表语从句。故填when。40．lower 考查比较级。句意：人们走的步数越多，他们的死亡风险就越低，然后以每天7500步的速度平稳下来。“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……，越……”，为固定句式。根据“Themore”可知，此处应用比较级。故填lower。第177页共177页
41．additional 考查形容词。句意：没有看到更多步数带来的额外好处。修饰名词benefits应用形容词。形容词additional意为“额外的”。故填additional。42．a 考查冠词和固定搭配。句意：虽然不确定男性是否也会出现类似的结果，但这是一个例子，说明每天多运动一点可以改善健康，降低死亡风险。根据“canimprovehealthandreduceriskofdeath”可知，此处是指每天多运动一点，所以应用固定搭配alittlebit表示“一点”。故填a。43．simply 考查副词。句意：如果你觉得整天坐在办公桌前不好，只是想多动一下，一个简单的方法就是在你现在的步数基础上增加大约2000步。修饰动词want应用副词。副词simply意为“仅仅，只”。故填simply。44．taking 考查非谓语代词。句意：步行上班、参加在线锻炼计划或与朋友见面散步也可以轻松地获得更多的体育活动。根据“Walkingtowork”可知，此处应用动名词作主语。故填taking。45．works 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：步行上班、参加在线锻炼计划或与朋友见面散步也可以轻松地获得更多的体育活动。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。并列主语用or连接时，主谓一致遵循“就近原则”。“meetingwithfriendsforawalk”为动名词，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填works。语法填空(四)A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·河南省安阳市高三年级5月第三次模拟考试)NestledamongthemountainsinsouthwestChina,theworld’slargestradiotelescopesignalsBeijing’sambitionsasa__41__(globe)centerforscientificresearch.TheFive-hundred-metreApertureSphericalTelescope(FAST)—__42__onlysignificantinstrumentofitskindafterthecollapse(倒塌)ofanothertelescopeinPuertoRicothismonth—isabouttoopenitsdoorsforforeignastronomerstouse,__43__(hope)toattracttheworld’stopscientifictalent.TheChineseinstallationinPingtang,GuizhouProvince,isuptothreetimesmoresensitivethantheUS-ownedone,andit__44__(surround)byafive-kilometre“radiosilence”zone.WorkontheFAST__45__(begin)in2011anditstartedfulloperationsinJanuarythisyear,workingmainly__46__(catch)theradiosignalssentbycelestialbodies,pulsarsinparticular.Chinahasbeen__47__(rapid)boostingitsscientificcredentials(证书)tobecomelessdependent__48__foreigntechnology.Inthepasttwodecades,Chinahasbuiltthelargesthigh-speedtrainnetworkintheworld,hasfinisheditsBeidougeolocationsystem__49__isnowintheprocessofbringinglunarsamplesbacktoEarth.Thedata__50__isbeingcollectedbyFASTshouldallowforabetterunderstandingoftheoriginsoftheuniverse—andaidinthesearchforalienlife.【语篇解读】 第177页共177页
这是一篇说明文。世界上最大的射电望远镜坐落在中国西南部的群山之中，标志着北京作为全球科学研究中心的雄心。文章对其进行了详细介绍。41．global 考查形容词。句意：世界上最大的射电望远镜坐落在中国西南部的群山之中，标志着北京作为全球科学研究中心的雄心。修饰名词center应用形容词作定语。形容词global意为“全球的”。故填global。42．the 考查冠词。句意：500米口径球面望远镜(FAST)——本月波多黎各的另一个望远镜坍塌后唯一重要的同类仪器——即将向外国天文学家敞开大门，希望吸引世界顶尖的科学人才。only前应用定冠词，表示特指。故填the。43．hoping 考查非谓语动词。句意：500米口径球面望远镜(FAST)——本月波多黎各的另一个望远镜坍塌后唯一重要的同类仪器——即将向外国天文学家敞开大门，希望吸引世界顶尖的科学人才。动词hope和主语构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填hoping。44．issurrounded 考查动词时态及语态。句意：中国在贵州平塘的装置比美国的灵敏三倍，它周围有一个5公里长的“无线电静默区”。根据“TheChineseinstallationinPingtang,GuizhouProvince,isuptothreetimesmoresensitivethantheUS-ownedone(中国在贵州平塘的装置比美国拥有的装置要敏感3倍)”可知，此处应用一般现在时。动词surround意为“包围”，和主语it构成被动关系，且主语it为第三人称单数。故填issurrounded。45．began 考查动词时态。句意：FAST的工作从2011年开始，今年1月开始全面运行，主要工作是捕捉天体发送的无线电信号，特别是脉冲星。根据in2011可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填began。46．tocatch 考查非谓语动词。句意：FAST的工作从2011年开始，今年1月开始全面运行，主要工作是捕捉天体发送的无线电信号，特别是脉冲星。FAST工作的目的是捕捉天体发送的无线电信号，所以应用不定式，表目的。故填tocatch。47．rapidly 考查副词。句意：中国一直在迅速提高自己的科学资历，减少对外国技术的依赖。修饰动词boosting，应用副词。故填rapidly。48．on/upon 考查介词和固定搭配。句意：中国一直在迅速提高自己的科学资历，减少对外国技术的依赖。be/becomedependenton/upon意为“依赖”，为固定搭配。故填on/upon。49．and 考查连词。句意：在过去的20年里，中国已经建成了世界上最大的高铁网络，完成了北斗地理定位系统，目前正在将月球样本带回地球。“isnowintheprocessofbringinglunarsamplesbacktoEarth”和“hasbuiltthelargesthigh-speedtrainnetworkintheworld,hasfinisheditsBeidougeolocationsystem”构成并列关系，所以应用并列连词and。故填and。50．that/which 考查定语从句。句意：FAST收集的数据应该能让我们更好地理解宇宙的起源，并帮助我们寻找外星生命。此处是限定性定语从句，从句缺少主语，且先行词为data，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。第177页共177页
B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·安徽示范高中皖北协作区高三一模)Formorethanfourdecades,BritishfilmmakerMichaelWood__41__(guide)viewersthroughthestoriesoftheDarkAges,theTrojanWar,andmanymore.ButitisChina__42__hasalwaysheldthemostfascinationforhimandlastyearhebecamethefirstfilmmakerfromoutsideChina__43__(make)afilmaboutthelifeandworkofpoetDuFu.AsshowninTheStoryofChina,usuallyDuFu’sworks__44__(learn)byheartbyChineseschoolstudents.“Thatfilmopensawindowonaworld__45__(exist)inmydream.OnlywhenyoubegintostudyChinawillyourealize__46__iscommontohumanity，”hesaid.Recently,hedeliveredanonlinetalktointroduceChengdu.AswellasbeingthehomeofDuFu,Chengduhasclose__47__(tie)withManchester,whichhasthe__48__(large)ChinesestudentpopulationanywhereinEurope.StephenOwen,a__49__(translate)fromHarvard,saysDuFushouldbeconsideredalongsideShakespeareandDante__50__peoplewhohelpedcomposetheemotionalvocabularyoftheirculture.【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。英国电影制作人迈克尔·伍德拍摄了关于诗人杜甫生平和作品的电影，文章对这件事进行了介绍。41．hasguided/hasbeenguiding 考查时态。句意：40多年来，英国电影制作人迈克尔·伍德带领观众了解了黑暗时代、特洛伊战争等故事。根据“Formorethanfourdecades”可知，此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填hasguided/hasbeenguiding。42．that 考查强调句。句意：但对他来说，中国一直是最吸引他的地方。去年，他成为了第一个拍摄关于诗人杜甫生平和作品的电影的海外电影人。去掉itis和that后是一个完整的句子，所以此处为强调句。故填that。43．tomake/tohavemade 考查非谓语动词。句意：但对他来说，中国一直是最吸引他的地方。去年，他成为了第一个拍摄关于诗人杜甫生平和作品的电影的海外电影人。名词filmmaker被序数词thefirst修饰，所以应用todo不定式作后置定语。因为此处是指已经做过的事，也可以用todo不定式的完成式。故填tomake/tohavemade。44．arelearned/learnt 考查时态和语态。句意：正如《中国的故事》中所展示的那样，杜甫的作品通常被中国学生熟记。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。根据byChineseschoolstudents，此处应用被动语态。故填arelearned/learnt。45．existing/existent 考查现在分词或形容词。句意：那部电影为我梦中的世界打开了一扇窗。动词exist意为“存在”，和逻辑主语world构成主动关系，所以可用现在分词作后置定语。也可用形容词existent(存在的)作定语修饰world。故填existing/existent。第177页共177页
46．what 考查宾语从句。句意：只有当你开始研究中国时，你才会意识到人类的共同之处。从句“iscommontohumanity”在动词realize后作宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，且是指事物，所以用what引导。故填what。47．ties 考查名词复数。句意：成都不仅是杜甫的故乡，而且与曼彻斯特也有着密切的联系，曼彻斯特是欧洲中国留学生人数最多的城市。此处是指很多联系，应用可数名词复数。故填ties。48．largest 考查形容词最高级。句意：成都不仅是杜甫的故乡，而且与曼彻斯特也有着密切的联系，曼彻斯特是欧洲中国留学生人数最多的城市。根据“anywhereinEurope”可知，此处应用最高级。故填largest。49．translator 考查名词。句意：来自哈佛大学的翻译斯蒂芬·欧文表示，杜甫应该与莎士比亚和但丁一起，被视为帮助构建本国文化情感词汇的人。此处应用名词translator(翻译家)作StephenOwen的同位语。故填translator。50．as 考查介词和固定搭配。句意：来自哈佛大学的翻译斯蒂芬·欧文表示，杜甫应该与莎士比亚和但丁一起，被视为帮助构建本国文化情感词汇的人。considersbas意为“认为某人是……”，为固定搭配。故填as。C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州高三一模)“ThenumberofchildrenaccordingtoNationalHealthService(NHS)withseriousmentalhealthproblems__41__(be)atanall-timehigh，”saydoctors.Itiswarned__42__thepandemiccouldcreatea“lost”generationwhowillbeaffectedby“lifelong”mentalillnesses.Doctorsblamedthecrisis__43__schoolclosurescancelledexamsandlockclowns.NHSfiguresrevealedthatthenumberofyoungsters__44__(take)toChildandAdolescentMentalHealthServiceswas4,615per100,000—the__45__(high)onrecord.Thefiguresareupnearly20percentfromlastyear.DrBernadkaDubickasaid,“Landmarkoccasionsinthelivesoftheseyoungpeoplewillbelost.Thisaddstoaperfectstormofamentalhealthcrisis,meaningchildrenmaynotget__46__helptheyneedandeven__47__(potential)leavingthegenerationlosttopovertyandlifelongmentalillness.”ShealsowroteintheDailyTelegraphthathalfofthecollege’schildpsychiatristshavereportedasurgein__48__(emergent)orurgency.AndNHSresearchalsoshowsthatoneinsixchildrennowhaveamentalhealthissue,upfromoneinninethree__49__(year)ago.DrDubickaadded,“Theschoolclosures,cancelledexamsandemptylecturehalls__50__(have)astrongeffectonourcommunitieslongafterCOVID-19iswritteninthehistorybooks.”【语篇解读】 第177页共177页
这是一篇说明文。有医生表示，根据英国国民健康服务的数据，患有严重心理健康问题的儿童数量创历史新高。大流行病可能造成“迷失的一代”，他们将受到“终生”精神疾病的影响。医生们将这次危机归咎于学校停课、取消考试和封锁。41．is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：医生们说：“根据英国国民健康服务的数据，患有严重心理健康问题的儿童数量创历史新高。”句子陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语为Thenumberofchildren，谓语动词用单数。故填is。42．that 考查主语从句。句意：有人警告说，大流行病可能造成“迷失的一代”，他们将受到“终生”精神疾病的影响。此处为主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用的that。故填that。43．for/on 考查介词。句意：医生们将这次危机归咎于学校停课、取消考试和封锁。结合句意表示“把……归咎于……”可知短语为blamesth.for/on。故填for/on。44．taken 考查非谓语动词。句意：NHS的数据显示，接受儿童和青少年心理健康服务的青少年人数为每10万人中4615人，这是有史以来最高的数字。分析句子结构可知take在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语thenumberofyoungsters构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填taken。45．highest 考查形容词最高级。句意：NHS的数据显示，接受儿童和青少年心理健康服务的青少年人数为每10万人中4615人，这是有史以来最高的数字。根据空前的定冠词the，以及句意“最高的”可知应填形容词最高级highest。故填highest。46．the 考查冠词。句意：这加剧了心理健康危机的完美风暴，意味着孩子们可能得不到他们需要的帮助，甚至可能让这一代人迷失在贫困和终身精神疾病之中。help此处特指孩子们需要的帮助，应用定冠词the。故填the。47．potentially 考查副词。句意：这加剧了心理健康危机的完美风暴，意味着孩子们可能得不到他们需要的帮助，甚至可能让这一代人迷失在贫困和终身精神疾病之中。修饰后文动词leave应用副词potentially，作状语。故填potentially。48．emergency 考查名词。句意：她还在《每日电讯报》上写道，学院的儿童精神病医生中有一半报告了紧急情况或紧迫性的激增。空处作宾语，表示“紧急情况”应用名词emergency，表抽象概念，不可数名词。故填emergency。49．years 考查名词的数。句意：NHS的研究也表明，现在有六分之一的儿童有心理健康问题，而三年前是九分之一。year为可数名词，由three修饰应用复数。故填years。50．willhave 考查动词时态。句意：Dubicka医生补充说：“在COVID-19被载入史册很久之后，学校关闭、考试取消和演讲大厅空置将对我们的社区产生强烈影响。”此处描述将来的动作，应用一般将来时。故填willhave。D阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·黑龙江大庆市高三一模)第177页共177页
TheThirty-SixStrategiesisoriginallyacollectionofancientChinesestrategiesappliedtomilitaryengagement.Today,manypeopleusethisancient__41__(wise)inbusiness,sportsaswellastheirdailylife,oftenthroughunconventionalmeans.ButtheoriginsoftheThirty-SixStrategiesareunknown.Noauthororcompilerhaseverbeenmentioned,andnodate__42__itmayhavebeenwrittenhasbeenconfirmed.ThefirsthistoricalmentionoftheThirty-SixStrategies__43__(date)backtotheSouthernChidynasty(AD489－537)whereitismentionedintheHistoryoftheSouthernChiDynasty.It__44__(brief)records,“Ofthe36strategiesofMasterTan,__45__(run)awayisthebest.”MasterTanmaybethefamousgeneralTanDaoji(AD436)butthereisnoevidence__46__(prove)hisauthorship.AllmodernversionsoftheThirty-SixStrategiesareoriginatedfromaraggedbook__47__(discover)ataroadsidevendor’sstallinSzechwanin1941．Itturnedouttobeareprintofanearlierbookdatingbackto__48__lateMingorearlyChingdynasty.Areprintwasfirstpublished__49__thegeneralpublicinBeijingin1979．Sincethen,severalChineseandEnglishlanguageversions__50__(publish)inChina,HongKong,andTaiwan.【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国《三十六计》这本书的起源和相关出版情况。41．wisdom 考查名词。句意：如今，许多人将这一古老的智慧运用到商业、体育和日常生活中，而且往往是通过非常规的方式。空处作宾语，表示“智慧”应用名词wisdom，表抽象概念，不可数。故填wisdom。42．when 考查定语从句。句意：没有提及作者或编纂者，也没有确认该书的写作日期。此处为定语从句修饰先行词date，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when引导。故填when。43．dates 考查时态。句意：历史上第一次提到《三十六计》要追溯到南齐(公元489－537年)，《南齐史》中提到了《三十六计》。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为ThefirsthistoricalmentionoftheThirty-SixStrategies，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填dates。44．briefly 考查副词。句意：它简要地记载着：“在谭大师的三十六种策略中，走为上计。”修饰后文动词record应用副词briefly，作状语。故填briefly。45．running 考查非谓语动词。句意：它简要地记载着：“在谭大师的三十六种策略中，走为上计。”分析句子结构可知run在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作句子主语，应用动名词形式。故填running。46．toprove 考查非谓语动词。句意：谭大师可能是著名的谭道济将军(公元436年)，但没有证据证明他的作者身份。分析句子结构可知prove在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处为不定式作定语。故填toprove。第177页共177页
47．discovered 考查非谓语动词。句意：所有现代版本的三十六计都源于1941年在四川一个路边摊上发现的一本破破烂烂的书。分析句子结构可知discover在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语book构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填discovered。48．the 考查冠词。句意：原来这是一本早在明末清初的书的再版。此处特指明末清初这一时期，应用定冠词the。故填the。49．for 考查介词。句意：1979年，北京首次面向大众出版了重印本。结合语境表示“对，为了”，后跟thegeneralpublic作宾语，应用介词for。故填for。50．havebeenpublished 考查动词时态和语态。句意：从那以后，中国大陆、香港和台湾都出版了一些中、英文版本。根据上文“Sincethen”可知应用现在完成时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为severalChineseandEnglishlanguageversions，助动词用have。故填havebeenpublished。书面表达专项突破练习题汇编书面表达(一)1．(2021·广西南宁市高三一模)假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办以“我爱中国书法”为主题的演讲比赛，请你代表学校英语俱乐部给你校的英国交换生Peter写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：(1)时间地点；(2)邀请理由；(3)演讲内容。参考词汇：书法calligraphy注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter，How’severythinggoing?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hopingtohearfromyousoon.Bestwishes.Yours，LiHua第177页共177页
2．(2021·江西省暨临川一中实验学校高三三模)假定你是李华，请你给北京奥组委写一封英文申请信，申请成为2022年北京冬奥会的志愿者。内容要点如下：(1)说明个人优势；(2)希望申请成功。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________书面表达(二)1．(2021·河南省安阳市高三年级5月第三次模拟考试)假定你是李华，你的朋友Mary给你送了一个生日礼物，你非常喜欢。请你用英语给她写一封邮件，内容包括：(1)对礼物的喜爱；(2)对她的感激。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMary，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua2．(2021·四川省凉山州高三第三次诊断考试)一位名叫王宁的同学，去国外读书，因为语言和环境的不适应，情绪低落，特写信给Teens“JustAsk”专栏求助。假定现在你是专栏主编Matt，请你用英语给他回信给予帮助。第177页共177页
内容要点如下：(1)表达安慰；(2)提出建议(至少两条)。注意：字数100左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________书面表达(三)1．(2021·福建省龙岩市高中毕业班第一次教学质量检测)假定你是李华，明天英语课前将做主题为“MyFavoriteChinaSymbol”的简短演讲，请从以下图片中选择一个主题写一份演讲稿。内容包括：(1)你的选择及理由；(2)该Symbol的相关内容；(3)你的愿望。注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置上作答。MyFavoriteChinaSymbolDearclassmates，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou!2．(2021·广东广州市高三一模)假定你是李华，上周你校举办了首届生活技能云端展示活动，主题为“劳动创造美好生活(WorkCreatesaBetterLife)”。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：(1)活动主题；第177页共177页
(2)展示内容(烹饪、急救等)；(3)活动反响。注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。WorkCreatesaBetterLife________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________书面表达(四)1．(2021·辽宁铁岭市高三一模)假设你是李华。你校英语报专栏征稿，主题为临近毕业的感言。请写一篇文章投稿。具体内容如下：(1)毕业心情；(2)高中收获；(3)表达决心。注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)开头已给出，不计入总词数；(3)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Graduationisaroundthecorner.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．(2021·江苏省泰州市高三下学期5月考前英语练习卷)你校学生会对来自英国的交换生就“汉语学习”进行了问卷调查，数据见下表。假如你是学生会主席李华，请写一篇发言稿在交换生会议上介绍。内容包括：第177页共177页
(1)调查情况；(2)学习汉语的好处；(3)发出倡议。注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hello,everyone!________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou!第177页共177页
参考答案与试题解析书面表达(一)1．(2021·广西南宁市高三一模)假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办以“我爱中国书法”为主题的演讲比赛，请你代表学校英语俱乐部给你校的英国交换生Peter写封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：(1)时间地点；(2)邀请理由；(3)演讲内容。参考词汇：书法calligraphy注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter，How’severythinggoing?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hopingtohearfromyousoon.Bestwishes.Yours，LiHua【答案】 DearPeter，How’severythinggoing?TheEnglishClubofourschoolisgoingtoholdanEnglishspeechactivitythemed“IloveChinesecalligraphy”from3:00pmto5:00pmthisFridayinthelecturehallofourschool.IknowyouaresointerestedinChinesecalligraphythatyouwonthefirstprizeintheChineseCalligraphyCompetitionheldbytheCityTVinthelastsummervacation.ThereisnodoubtthatyouhavehadpreciousexperienceinChinesecalligraphy.SoI’mwritingtoyoutosincerelyinviteyoutotakepartinthisactivity.We’dlikeyoutointroduceyourexperiencesoflearningChinesecalligraphyandshareyourideasofhowtowriteChinesecharactersbetterandbetter.Hopingtohearfromyousoon.第177页共177页
Bestwishes.Yours，LiHua【解析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国交换生Peter写封邮件，邀请他参加学校以“我爱中国书法”为主题的演讲比赛。第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：(1)时间地点；(2)邀请理由；(3)演讲内容。第二步：列提纲(重点词组)holdanEnglishspeechactivity；beinterestedin；Chinesecalligraphy；thefirstprize；thereisnodoubtthat；precious；sincerelyinvite；introduce；Chinesecharacters第三步：连词成句(1)TheEnglishClubofourschoolisgoingtoholdanEnglishspeechactivitythemed“IloveChinesecalligraphy”from3:00pmto5:00pmthisFridayinthelecturehallofourschool.(2)IknowyouaresointerestedinChinesecalligraphythatyouwonthefirstprizeintheChineseCalligraphyCompetitionheldbytheCityTVinthelastsummervacation.(3)ThereisnodoubtthatyouhavehadpreciousexperienceinChinesecalligraphy.(4)SoI’mwritingtoyoutosincerelyinviteyoutotakepartinthisactivity.(5)We’dlikeyoutointroduceyourexperiencesoflearningChinesecalligraphyandshareyourideasofhowtowriteChinesecharactersbetterandbetter.根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇(衔接词)(供参考)(1)表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second(2)表并列补充关系：whatismore,besides,moreover,furthermore(3)表转折对比关系：however,onthecontrary,but,although＋clause(从句)(4)表因果关系：because,as,so,thus,therefore,asaresult连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]IknowyouaresointerestedinChinesecalligraphythatyouwonthefirstprize第177页共177页
intheChineseCalligraphyCompetitionheldbytheCityTVinthelastsummervacation.(运用了so...that引导结果状语从句)[高分句型2]We’dlikeyoutointroduceyourexperiencesoflearningChinesecalligraphyandshareyourideasofhowtowriteChinesecharactersbetterandbetter.(运用了“疑问词＋不定式”结构)2．(2021·江西省暨临川一中实验学校高三三模)假定你是李华，请你给北京奥组委写一封英文申请信，申请成为2022年北京冬奥会的志愿者。内容要点如下：(1)说明个人优势；(2)希望申请成功。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 DearSir/Madam，I’mLiHua，ahighschoolstudent.Thankyoufortakingyourtimetoreadmyletter.Interestedinthe2022BeijingwinterOlympicGames,I’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerinthegames.IfeelIhavethenecessaryqualificationsforthevoluntaryjob.Aboveall,I’mafluentEnglishspeaker.Besides,keenonsports,I’mquitefamiliarwithdifferentevents.Equallyimportantly,Ipreviouslyservedasavolunteerseveraltimes.Asawarm-heartedandunselfishteenager,IdobelieveIcandothejobwellifI’mgrantedachance.Anyfavorableconsiderationofmyapplicationorapersonalinterviewwouldbeappreciated.I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely，LiHua【解析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，给北京奥组委写一封申请信，申请成为2022年北京冬奥会的志愿者。(1)词汇积累第177页共177页
首先：aboveall→firstofall此外：besides→inaddition喜爱：bekeenon→befondof熟悉：befamiliarwith→beacquaintedwith(2)句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Interestedinthe2022BeijingwinterOlympicGames,I’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerinthegames.拓展句：Iaminterestedinthe2022BeijingwinterOlympicGames,soI’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerinthegames.【点睛】[高分句型1]IfeelIhavethenecessaryqualificationsforthevoluntaryjob.(运用了省略了that的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Asawarm-heartedandunselfishteenager,IdobelieveIcandothejobwellifI’mgrantedachance.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)书面表达(二)1．(2021·河南省安阳市高三年级5月第三次模拟考试)假定你是李华，你的朋友Mary给你送了一个生日礼物，你非常喜欢。请你用英语给她写一封邮件，内容包括：(1)对礼物的喜爱；(2)对她的感激。注意：(1)词数100左右；(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMary，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua【答案】 DearMary，Itwasaprivilegetoreceivesuchabeautifulbouquetthatyousentmethismorning.Thegiftbrightenedupmyday.Iappreciatethefactthatyounoticedmyloveforflowersandhavesentthe第177页共177页
loveliestbouquet.Isimplylovethewhiteandpinkliliesalongwiththecarnations.ThankyouagainforthegiftandIfeelhonoredtoberememberedonmybirthdaywithsuchbrightandcheerfulshadesofflowers.Itshowsthatyouvaluethefriendshipbetweenus.Thankyouforrememberingmeandmakingmydaysobeautifulwiththeseflowers.Lookingforwardtoseeingyousoon!Yours，LiHua【解析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给朋友Mary写一封邮件对她送的生日礼物表示喜爱，对她表示感谢。(1)词汇积累使某人很开心：brightenupone’sday＝makeone’sday感谢：appreciate→thank令人开心的：cheerful→pleasant珍惜：value→cherish(2)句式拓展原句：Iappreciatethefactthatyounoticedmyloveforflowersandhavesenttheloveliestbouquet.拓展句：Iappreciateitthatyounoticedmyloveforflowersandhavesenttheloveliestbouquet.【点睛】[高分句型1]Itwasaprivilegetoreceivesuchabeautifulbouquetthatyousentmethismorning.(运用了that引导的定语从句)[高分句型2]Iappreciatethefactthatyounoticedmyloveforflowersandhavesenttheloveliestbouquet.(运用了that引导的同位语从句)2．(2021·四川省凉山州高三第三次诊断考试)一位名叫王宁的同学，去国外读书，因为语言和环境的不适应，情绪低落，特写信给Teens“JustAsk”专栏求助。假定现在你是专栏主编Matt，请你用英语给他回信给予帮助。内容要点如下：(1)表达安慰；(2)提出建议(至少两条)。注意：字数100左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第177页共177页
【答案】 DearWangNing，I’msorrytolearnthatyou’reinlowmoodaftergoingabroadforstudy.Infact,it’sacommoncasewhenyouencounter“cultureshock”becauseofdifferentlanguagesurroundings.Andit’snaturaltofeelinadaptableinanewenvironment.Inthesituation,Isuggestthatyoushouldtakepartinvariousafter-classclubsforcommunicatingwithmoreforeignclassmates.Therefore,youcanhaveagoodcommandoftheirsocialcustomsandmakemorefriends.Besides,it’sagoodoptiontomakeyourselfimmersedintolocalculturalactivitiesbyimprovingyourlanguageskills.Hopemysuggestionswillbehelpfulforyou.Yours，Matt【解析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给一位名叫王宁的同学写封信，对他的苦恼表示安慰并提出建议。(1)词汇积累情绪：mood→emotion遭遇：encounter→meetwith建议：suggest→advise参加：takepartin→participatein(2)句式拓展原句：Therefore,youcanhaveagoodcommandoftheirsocialcustomsandmakemorefriends.拓展句：Therefore,youcanhaveagoodcommandoftheirsocialcustoms,thusmakingmorefriends.【点睛】[高分句型1]Inthesituation,Isuggestthatyoushouldtakepartinvariousafter-classclubsforcommunicatingwithmoreforeignclassmates.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Besides,it’sagoodoptiontomakeyourselfimmersedintolocalculturalactivitiesbyimprovingyourlanguageskills.(运用了过去分词作宾语补足语)书面表达(三)1．(2021·福建省龙岩市高中毕业班第一次教学质量检测)假定你是李华，明天英语课前将做主题为“MyFavoriteChinaSymbol”的简短演讲，请从以下图片中选择一个主题写一份演讲稿。内容包括：第177页共177页
(1)你的选择及理由；(2)该Symbol的相关内容；(3)你的愿望。注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置上作答。MyFavoriteChinaSymbolDearclassmates，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou!【答案】 MyFavoriteChinaSymbolDearclassmates，Manyfigures,customsandbuildingsareconsideredasChinasymbols.MyfavoriteisChineseCalligraphy,awrittenformofChinesecharacters,mainlybecauseitcanhelpmebeautifymywrittenworkandinspiremyconfidenceinwriting.ChineseCalligraphyisamostabstractartform.Itisnotonlyjustameansofcommunicationbutalsoameansofdisplayingthedynamicforcesofthepaper,andtheflexibilityofthebrush.Artistsarefreetoproducevariousstylesandforms,showingtheabstractbeautyofline.“Thewaycharactersarewrittenisaportraitofthepersonwhowritesthem”isquiteimpressive.Ihopeallofyouwillcometoloveit.Thankyou!【解析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生从所给图片中选择一个主题写一份演讲稿，主题为“MyFavoriteChinaSymbol”。第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。第177页共177页
要求：(1)你的选择及理由；(2)该Symbol的相关内容；(3)你的愿望。第二步：列提纲(重点词组)beconsideredas；ChineseCalligraphy；abstract；Chinesecharacters；beautify；inspire；confidence；communication；notonly...butalso...；dynamic；flexibility；produce；portrait；impressive第三步：连词成句(1)Manyfigures,customsandbuildingsareconsideredasChinasymbols.(2)MyfavoriteisChineseCalligraphy,awrittenformofChinesecharacters,mainlybecauseitcanhelpmebeautifymywrittenworkandinspiremyconfidenceinwriting.(3)ChineseCalligraphyisamostabstractartform.(4)Itisnotonlyjustameansofcommunicationbutalsoameansofdisplayingthedynamicforcesofthepaper,andtheflexibilityofthebrush.(5)Artistsarefreetoproducevariousstylesandforms,showingtheabstractbeautyofline.(6)“Thewaycharactersarewrittenisaportraitofthepersonwhowritesthem”isquiteimpressive.(7)Ihopeallofyouwillcometoloveit.根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇(衔接词)(供参考)(1)表文章结构顺序：firstofall,firstly/first,secondly/second,andthen(2)表并列补充关系：notonly...butalso...(3)表转折对比关系：however,onthecontrary,but(4)表因果关系：because连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]MyfavoriteisChineseCalligraphy,awrittenformofChinesecharacters,mainlybecauseitcanhelpmebeautifymywrittenworkandinspiremyconfidenceinwriting.(运用了because引导原因状语从句)[高分句型2]Artistsarefreetoproducevariousstylesandforms,showingtheabstractbeautyofline.(运用了现在分词作状语)2．(2021·广东广州市高三一模)假定你是李华，上周你校举办了首届生活技能云端展示活动，主题为“劳动创造美好生活(WorkCreatesaBetterLife)”。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：第177页共177页
(1)活动主题；(2)展示内容(烹饪、急救等)；(3)活动反响。注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。WorkCreatesaBetterLife________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 WorkCreatesaBetterLifeThefirstonlinelifeskillsshowwiththethemeofWorkCreatesaBetterLifewasheldinourschoolhalllastFridaymorning,whichdrewtheattentionofeverystudentandteacher.Twentystudentsfromdifferentclassestookpartinit.Alltheparticipantsmadewonderfulpresentationsaroundthetheme,showingtheaudiencetheskillsaboutcookingandfirstaid,whichisofgreatuseinourdailylife.Everyonethinkshighlyofthisactivity,foritisnotonlyagoodchancetohelpthestudentsimprovetheirlifeskillsbutalsoenrichesourschoollife.【解析】 本篇书面表达属于新闻报道，要求考生用英语为主题为“劳动创造美好生活(WorkCreatesaBetterLife)”的活动写一篇报道。第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和一般现在时。要求：(1)活动主题；(2)展示内容(烹饪、急救等)；(3)活动反响。第二步：列提纲withthethemeof；drawattention；takepartin；beofgreatuse；thinkhighlyof第三步：连词成句(1)ThefirstonlinelifeskillsshowwiththethemeofWorkCreatesaBetterLifewasheldinourschoolhalllastFridaymorning,whichdrewtheattentionofeverystudentandteacher.(2)Twentystudentsfromdifferentclassestookpartinit.(3)Alltheparticipantsmadewonderfulpresentationsaroundthetheme,showingtheaudience第177页共177页
theskillsaboutcookingandfirstaid,whichisofgreatuseinourdailylife.(4)Everyonethinkshighlyofthisactivity,foritisnotonlyagoodchancetohelpthestudentsimprovetheirlifeskillsbutalsoenrichesourschoollife.根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇(1)表并列补充关系：and，notonly...but(also)...(2)表因果关系：for连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]ThefirstonlinelifeskillsshowwiththethemeofWorkCreatesaBetterLifewasheldinourschoolhalllastFridaymorning,whichdrewtheattentionofeverystudentandteacher.(which引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Everyonethinkshighlyofthisactivity,foritisnotonlyagoodchancetohelpthestudentsimprovetheirlifeskillsbutalsoenrichesourschoollife.(for引导原因状语从句)书面表达(四)1．(2021·辽宁铁岭市高三一模)假设你是李华。你校英语报专栏征稿，主题为临近毕业的感言。请写一篇文章投稿。具体内容如下：(1)毕业心情；(2)高中收获；(3)表达决心。注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)开头已给出，不计入总词数；(3)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Graduationisaroundthecorner.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Graduationisaroundthecorner.Howeverexcitingitmayseem,Ihaveasenseofloss,forIhavetosaygoodbyetomythreeyearsofhighschoollife.Lookingback,I’veharvestedalot.NotonlyhaveImadesometruefriendswhosharethesameinterestswithme,butI’vealsobecomebetter-informedthroughhardwork.Inaddition,Itookpartinvariousafter-schoolactivitieswhereIgainedmanyhands-onskillsandsatisfactionof第177页共177页
helpingothers.Universityislikeanewchapterofmylife,wheremoreopportunitieslieahead.Therefore,Iamdeterminedtoleadamoremeaningfullifeandmakemyselfawell-roundedperson.【解析】 本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文，要求考生给英语报投稿，表达临近毕业的感言。第一步：审题体裁：提纲类作文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时。结构：总分总法要求：(1)毕业心情；(2)高中收获；(3)表达决心。第二步：列提纲(重点词组)asenseof；saygoodbyeto；sharethesameinterestswith；takepartin；lieahead；leadamoremeaningfullife第三步：连词成句(1)Howeverexcitingitmayseem,Ihaveasenseofloss,forIhavetosaygoodbyetomythreeyearsofhighschoollife.(2)Lookingback,I’veharvestedalot.(3)NotonlyhaveImadesometruefriendswhosharethesameinterestswithme,butI’vealsobecomebetter-informedthroughhardwork.(4)Inaddition,Itookpartinvariousafter-schoolactivitieswhereIgainedmanyhands-onskillsandsatisfactionofhelpingothers.(5)Universityislikeanewchapterofmylife,wheremoreopportunitieslieahead.(6)Therefore,Iamdeterminedtoleadamoremeaningfullifeandmakemyselfawell-roundedperson.根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇(衔接词)(1)表并列补充关系：inaddition,notonly...but(also)...(2)表因果关系：therefore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]Howeverexcitingitmayseem,Ihaveasenseofloss,forIhavetosaygoodbyetomythreeyearsofhighschoollife.(however引导让步状语从句)[高分句型2]NotonlyhaveImadesometruefriendswhosharethesameinterestswithme,第177页共177页
butI’vealsobecomebetter-informedthroughhardwork.(notonly置于句首，用部分倒装，who引导定语从句)[高分句型3]Inaddition,Itookpartinvariousafter-schoolactivitieswhereIgainedmanyhands-onskillsandsatisfactionofhelpingothers.(where引导定语从句)2．(2021·江苏省泰州市高三下学期5月考前英语练习卷)你校学生会对来自英国的交换生就“汉语学习”进行了问卷调查，数据见下表。假如你是学生会主席李华，请写一篇发言稿在交换生会议上介绍。内容包括：(1)调查情况；(2)学习汉语的好处；(3)发出倡议。注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hello,everyone!________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou!【答案】 Hello,everyone!OurStudents’UnionhasconductedasurveyregardingyourlearningofChinese.We’regladtoknowthat91%ofyouconsideritnecessarytolearnthelanguage,and91%arelearningitorplanningtodoso.AgoodunderstandingofChineseisespeciallybeneficialtoexchangestudents.Itcanhelpyoumakefriendshereandprepareyoufortheupcomingeducationalactivities.BylearningChinese,youcanunderstandChineseculturebetter.Let’stakeactionrightnow!I’msureyoureffortswillpayoff!That’sall.Thankyou!【解析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，你校学生会对来自英国的交换生就“汉语学习”第177页共177页
进行了问卷调查，根据所给数据，请写一篇发言稿在交换生会议上介绍。(1)词汇积累调查：survey→inquiry计划：plantodo→begoingtodo高兴的：glad→happy有益的：beneficial→helpful(2)句式拓展原句：AgoodunderstandingofChineseisespeciallybeneficialtoexchangestudents.Itcanhelpyoumakefriendshereandprepareyoufortheupcomingeducationalactivities.拓展句：AgoodunderstandingofChineseisespeciallybeneficialtoexchangestudents,whichcanhelpyoumakefriendshereandprepareyoufortheupcomingeducationalactivities.【点睛】[高分句型1]We’regladtoknowthat91%ofyouconsideritnecessarytolearnthelanguage,and91%arelearningitorplanningtodoso.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]I’msureyoureffortswillpayoff!(运用了省略了that的宾语从句)第177页共177页
