高中英语常考形近词（一）aboard/abroadaboardprep.&adv.在（船/车/飞机等）上；上（船/车/飞机等）Hewasalreadyaboardtheplane.他已经登机了。Theplanecrashed,killingall200peopleaboard.飞机失事，机上200人全部遇难。abroadadv.在国外；到国外Hewasfamous,bothathomeandabroad.他享誉国内外。accept/concept/exceptacceptv.接受Idon'tthinktheywouldacceptthatview.我认为他们不会相信那个观点。conceptn.概念；观念Hecan'tgraspthebasicconceptsofmathematics.他无法掌握数学的基本概念。exceptconj.&prep.除外WeworkeverydayexceptSunday.我们除星期天外都工作。access/assessaccessn.通路；机会Theonlyaccesstothefarmhouseisacrossthefields.去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。assessv.评价Manyoftheadultswereassessedashavinglearningdifficulties.许多成年人被认定有学习困难。accident/incidentaccidentn.事故；意外遭遇Samhadanaccidentatworkandhadtogotohospital.山姆在工作时发生意外事故，不得不去医院。incidentn.事件Therewasashootingincidentnearherelastnight.昨夜这附近发生了枪击事件。adapt/adoptadaptv.（使）适应；改编；改写Thechildrenarefindingithardtoadapttothenewschool.孩子们发觉很难适应新学校。Threeofhernovelshavebeenadaptedfortelevision.她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节冃。adoptv.收养；釆用Shewasforcedtohaveherbabyadopted.她被迫把婴儿给人收养。Allthreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem.三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。12\nevent/eventually/invent/preventeventn.重大事件；（发生的）事情Itiseasytobewiseaftertheevent.事后诸葛亮人人都会做。eventuallyadv.最终；终于Youwillsucceedeventually.你终会成功的。inventv.发明；创造In1930,Germanscientistsinventedthetapeweusetoday.1930年，德国科学家发明了我们如今使用的磁带。preventv.阻止；防止Inthiswaywepreventedthespreadofthisdisease.我们用这种方式防止了这种疾病的蔓延。admit/permitadmitv.容许进入；承认Onlyticket-holderswillbeadmittedto/intothestadium.持票者方可进入体育场。Ihadtoadmit（to）beingnervousaboutthetest.我不得不承认对这次考试感到紧张。permitv.许可准许Mobilephoneconversationsarenotpermittedanywhereinthelibrary.在图书馆里的任何地方都不允许打电话。affect/affection/effect/effortaffectv.影响Youopinionwillnotaffectmydecision.你的意见不会影响我的决定。affectionn.喜爱；钟爱Shewasheldindeepaffectionbyallherstudents.她的学生都十分爱戴她。effectn.影响；作用Wedon'tknowthelong-termeffectsofpollution.我们不了解污染的长远影响。effortn.努力；力气It'salongclimbtothetop,butwellworththeeffort.爬到顶上路程很长，虽然费力却很值得。angel/angleangeln.天使Thankyouathousandtimes,you'reanangel.千恩万谢了，你是个天使。anglen.角度多亏他站的角度，他刚好能看到曰落。appoint/disappointappointv.任命；约定SamhasbeenappointedmanageroftheengineeringdepartmenttotaketheplaceofGeorge.山姆被任命为工程部经理，接替乔治。WeappointedadayinJuneforcelebration.我们把庆祝会定在六月的一天。12\ndisappointv.使失望I'msorrytodisappointyou,butIcan'tcomeafterall.真抱歉让你失望，可我实在不能来。approve/approval/improve/proveapprovev.批准；认可；赞成；同意Doyouapproveofmyidea?你同意我的想法吗？approvaln.赞成；同意Iwasalwaystryingtowinmyfather'sapproval.我总是想方设法赢得父亲的赞许。improvev.改善；提高IthoughtthebestwaytoimprovemyFrenchwastoliveinFrance.我认为提高我的法语水准的最好办法是到法国生活。provev.证明；证实JustgivemeachanceandI'llproveittoyou.只要给我个机会，我会证明给你看。aspect/expect/inspect/suspectaspectn.方面Dealingwithpeopleisthemostimportantaspectofmywork.与人打交道是我工.作中最重要的一方面。expectv.预料；预计Iexpecttobebackwithinaweek.我预计一周之内回来。inspectv.仔细检査Makesureyouinspectthegoodsbeforesigningforthem.要确保在签收货物之前仔细检査。suspectv.怀疑Isuspectedthattherewassomethingwrongwiththeengine.我怀疑发动机出了什么故障。awake/awareawakeadj.醒着的Howdoyoustayawakeduringboringlectures?听乏味的讲座时你如何让自己不睡着？awareadj.知道的；意识到的Everyoneshouldbemadeawareoftherisksinvolved.应该让人人都知道所涉及的风险。breath/breathebreathn.呼吸；气息Wehadtostopforbreathbeforewegottothetop.我们不得不喘曰气，然后再豎山顶。breathev.呼吸Theairwassocoldwecouldhardlybreathe.空气非常寒冷,我们难以呼吸。board/broadboardn.公告牌；布告牌CanIputthisnoticeontheboard?我可以把这张通告贴在布告牌上吗？broadadj.宽的；阔的12\nHegaveherabroadsmile.他给她一个灿烂的微笑。compete/completecompetev.竞争Youngchildrenwillusuallycompetefortheirmother'sattention.小孩子通常都会在母亲面前争宠。complete①v.完成；结束；②adj.完全的；彻底的:①Shecompletedherdegreeintwoyears.她在两年内修完了学位。②Thenewscameasacompletesurprise.这消息让人十分意外。complex/flexible/reflectcomplexadj.复杂的Itisacomplexsystem,butitcertainlymakesachange.这是个复杂系统，但肯定有所改进。flexibleadj.可变通的；灵活的Ourplansneedtobeflexibleenoughtocaterfortheneedsofeveryone.我们的计划必须足够变通，以满足每个人的需要。reflectv.反映；反思Thedropinconsumerspendingreflectsconcernabouttheeconomy.消费支出的卜降反映出人们对经济的担忧。Weshouldallgiveourselvestimetoreflect.我们都应该给自己时间来深思。conclude/includeconcludev.断定；推断出Heconcludedfromtheirremarksthattheywerenotinfavoroftheplan.他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。includev.包括；包含Yourdutiesincludetypinglettersandansweringthephone.你的职责包括打信件和接电话。confuse/refuseconfusev.使糊涂；使迷惑Hisdirectionsreallyconfusedme.他指的路线真把我弄糊涂了。refusev.拒绝；回绝Sherefusedtoacceptthattherewasaproblem.她拒不承认有问题存在。complain/explaincomplainv.抱怨Shecomplainedthatnoonehadbeenattheairporttomeether.她抱怨说没人到机场接她。explainv.解释;说明Noteveryjudge,however,hastheabilitytoexplainthelawinsimplewords.然而，并非每个法官都能用浅易的话来解释法律。consist/insist/resistconsistv.由构成Lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsohardtimes.生活不仅有阳光，还有艰难困苦。12\ninsistv.坚持；坚决要求；坚持认为Heinsistedonwalkingmetothestationtoseemeoff.他坚持要陪我走到车站为我送行。Heinsistedonhisinnocence.他坚持说自己是无辜的。resistv.抵制；抵抗Wefoundtheapplepietoogoodtoresist.我们觉得这块苹果馅饼令人无法抗拒。contain/maintain/obtaincontainv.包含含有Thedrinkdoesn'tcontainanyalcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精。maintainv.维持；保持Thetwocountrieshavealwaysmaintainedcloserelations.这两个国家一直保持着密切关系。obtainv.获得；得到Inthesecondexperimenttheyobtainedaveryclearresult.第二次试验他们获得了明确的结果。（二）contract/contrastcontractn.合同；契约Underthetermsofthecontractthejobshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.根据合同的条款，这项工作木应该于咋天完成。contrastn.差异；对比；对照Bycontrast,Mrs.Youngwasmuchmoreoutspoken.相比之下，杨夫人更加直言不讳。desert/dessertdesert①n.沙漠②v.抛弃；离弃①Somaliaismostlydesert.索马里大部分地区都是荒漠。②Peoplehavedesertedthevillagesandmovedtothecities.人们离开村子，搬到城里去了。dessertn.甜食；甜点arichchocolatedessert腻人的巧克力甜点exist/exitexistv.存在Theworldexists,whetheryoulikeitornot.不管你喜欢与否，这个世界照样存在。exitn.出口Theemergencyexitisatthebackofthebus.紧急出口在公共汽车的尾部。explode/exploreexplodev.爆炸；爆裂Bombswereexplodingallaroundthecity.城里到处都响起炸弹的爆炸声。12\nexplorev.探索；考察Thecityisbestexploredonfoot.最好是徒步探索这个城山。expand/extend/extentexpandv.扩大；增加Achild'svocabularyexpandsthroughreading.孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。extendv.延长；延伸Thisroadextendstotheriver.这条路延伸到河边。extentn.程度；限度Toacertainextent,itwasmyfault.某种程度上，这是我的错。expose/opposeexposev.使暴露；使显露Beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.在阳光下暴露太久对皮肤有伤害。opposev.反对；抵制Allthememberspresentopposedtheplanbitterly.所有与会的成员都坚决反对这个计划。express/impress/pressureexpressv.表达；表示Onbehalfofourschool,Iwouldliketoexpressourwarmwelcometoyou.我代表我校，向您表示热烈的欢迎。impressv.给留下极深的印象LiKangisveryimpressedwiththeteachersandthetechnologyinhisnewschool.新学校的老师和教学设施给李康留下了很深的印象。pressuren.压力Iknowstudyingisveryimportant,butmyparentsputtoomuchpressureonme.我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加了太多的压力。ensure/insure/unsureensurev.保证；确保Thebookensuredhissuccess.这本书使他笃定会成功。insurev.投保；给保险Thepaintingisinsuredfor$1million.这幅油画投了100万美元的保险。unsureadj.不确定的；无把握的Iwasunsurehowtoreplytothisquestion.我拿不准该如何回答这个问题。fight/flight/frightenfightv.打斗；战斗Someparentsbelieveaboymustlearntostandupandfightlikeaman.一些家长认为一个男孩必须学会像男子汉一样奋起战斗。flightn.飞行；航班Theflightwilltakefourhours.此次飞行将需要4个小肘。frightenv.使惊吓；使惊恐12\nShewasfrightenedbyhisthreats.他的威胁让她感到害怕。familiar/similarfamiliaradj.熟悉的TheyarealreadyfamiliarfacesonourTVscreens.他们已经是我们电视屏幕上熟悉的面孔了。similaradj.相似的Wehaveverysimilarinterests.我们兴趣相仿。flame/blameflamen.火焰Thebuildingwasinflames.大楼失火了。blamev.把归咎于；责怪Adroppedcigaretteisbeingblamedforthefire.一根乱扔的烟被认为是这场火灾的肇因。fluent/frequentlyfluentadj.流利的；流畅的HecanspeakfluentJapanese.他可以说流利的日语。frequentlyadv.频繁地；经常Busesrunfrequentlybetweenthecityandtheairport.公共汽车频繁地来往于市区与机场之间。gradual/graduategradualadj.逐渐的Recoveryfromthediseaseisverygradual.这种疾病的康复过程非常缓慢。graduatev.获得学位；毕业Conniedidwellatschoolandgraduatedwithhonors.康妮在学校表现很好，以优等成绩毕业。form/fromformn.形式；表格Thenoveliswrittenintheformofaseriesofletters.这部小说以一系列书信的形式写成。fromprep.起；来自IgottheideafromColin.这个主意是科林帮我出的。income/outcomeincomen.收入；收益Tourismisamajorsourceofincomeforthearea.旅游业是这个地区的主要收入来源。outcomen.结果；效果Weareconfidentofasuccessfuloutcome.我们相信会冇圆满的结果。inform/informalinformv.通知；通告Pleaseinformusofanychangesofaddress.地址若有变动请通知我们。12\ninformaladj.非正式的aninformalarrangement/meeting/visit非正式的安排/会议/访问later/latterlateradv.以后；后来Imetheragainthreeyearslater.三年后我又遇见她了。lattern.后者Hepresentedtwosolutions.Thelatterseemsmuchbetter.他提出了两个解决方案，后一个看起来要好得多。loyal/royalloyaladj.忠诚的；忠实的:aloyalfriend/supporter忠实的朋友/支持者royaladj.皇家的；王室的theroyalfamily王室march/matchmarchv.齐步走；行进Theymarched20milestoreachthecapital.他们行进了20英里才到达首都。matchv.（和）相配Thecarpetmatchesthecurtains.地毯和窗帘很匹配。metal/medal/mentalmetaln.金属It'smadeofmetal.它是用金属制成的。medaln.奖牌；奖章ShewonagoldmedalattheOlympics.她在奥运会上赢得一枚金牌。mentaladj.精神的；心理的It'simportanttomaintaingoodmentalhealth.保持心理健康很重要。object/project/rejectobject①n.物体；②v.反对①Look!There,sastrangeobjectinthesky!看！天上有个奇怪的东西！②Wouldanyoneobjectifwestartedthemeetingnow?如果我们现在开始开会，有人反对吗？projectn.项目；工程；计划Theprojectaimstoprovideananalysisofchildren'semotions.该计划旨在对儿童情绪提供分析。rejectv.拒绝Sarahrejectedherbrother'sofferofhelp.萨拉拒绝她弟弟的帮助。personal/personnelpersonaladj.个人的；私人的12\nThenoveliswrittenfrompersonalexperience.这部小说是根据个人亲身经历写成的。personneln.全体人员；人事部Sheworksinpersonnel.她在人事部工作。（三）precious/previouspreciousadj.宝贵的Wecannotaffordtowasteprecioustime.我们浪费不起宝贵的时间。previousadj.以前的；先前的Hehasnopreviousexperienceofthiskindofwork.他以前没有做这类工作的经验。promote/remotepromotev.促进Youdon'thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotectiontopromoteeconomicgrowth.你们没有必要牺牲环保来促进经济增长。remoteadj.遥远的；偏远的aremotebordertown一个偏远的边境小镇principle/principalprinciplen.道德原则；行为准则Irefusetolieaboutit;it'sagainstmyprinciples.我绝不为此事撒谎；那违背我的原则。principaladj.最重要的；首要的Theprincipalreasonformychangeofmindisthis.我改变主意的最重要原因就是这个。protect/protestprotectv.保护防护Ifeelthatnotenoughisbeingdonetoprotectthelocalanimallife.我觉得在保护当地动物方面做得还不够。protestv.抗议；反对Studentstooktothestreetstoprotestagainstthedecision.学生们走上街头，抗议这项决定。quite/quietquiteadv.相当；某种程度上Heplaysquitewell.他表现得相当好。quietadj.安静的CouldyoukeepthekidsquietwhileI'monthephone?我在打电话，你让孩子安静点好吗？quality/quantityqualityn.质量；品质；品德Thismodelisofgoodquality,butitistooexpensive.这个型号是高质量的，但是太贵了。Whatqualitiesdoesagreatpersonhave?12\n伟人具有什么样的品德？quantityn.数量Pricesvaryaccordingtothequantityordered.价格根据所订数量而变化。remain/remindremainv.剩余留存Verylittleofthehouseremainedafterthefire.火灾过后，这座房子所剩无几。remindv.提醒；使想起Weputupaboardtoremindpeopletoprotectthetrees.我们竖起一块牌子提醒人们保护树木。refer/inferreferv.提到;谈及Ipromisednottorefertothematteragain.我答应过再也不提这事了。inferv.推断Iinterredfromhisletterthathewasstillangrywithme.根据他的来信我推断他还在生我的气。serve/deserve/observe/reserveservev.接待；服务Therewasonlyonegirlservingcustomers.只有一个女孩接待顾客。deservev.应得；应受到I'msorryforthekids.Theydeservetobetreatedinabetterway.我为这些孩子感到难过，他们应该受到更好的待遇。observev.观察；观测Onestudentperformstheexperiment,whilehispartnerobserves.一名学生做实验，他的搭档则进行观察。reservev.预订；保留I'dliketoreserveatablefortwo.我想预订一张两人的餐桌。Aseparateroomisreservedforsmokers.有一间独立房间是留给吸烟者用的。share/sharpsharev.共享；合用IsharedaroomwithherwhenIwasatcollege.我上大学时和她共住一个房间。sharpadj.锋利的尖的asharpknife一把锋利的刀sign/sighsignn.标记；符号；迹象Thesignonthewallsaid“Nowwashyourhands”.墙上的牌子上写着“现在请洗手”。sighv.叹气；叹息Hesigheddeeplyatthethought.一想到这个想法，他就深深地叹了口气。stare/starve12\nstarev.盯着看；凝视Iscreamedandeveryonestared.我尖叫一声，众人都盯着我看。starvev.挨饿；饿死Theanimalswerelefttostarvetodeath.那些动物只能等着饿死。state/statue/statusstaten.状态；州Thehousewasinaterriblestate.房子状况很糟糕。statuen.雕像；塑像Thestatuewascarvedoutofasinglepieceofstone.这座雕像是用整块石料雕成的。statusn.地位；身份Womenareonlyaskingtobegivenequalstatuswithmen.妇女只是要求得到和男人平等的地位。steal/steelstealv.偷Ihadmywalletstolen.我的钱包被人偷了。steeln.钢ironandsteel钢铁strike/stickstrikev.打；撞击Hefell,strikinghisheadontheedgeofthetable.他摔倒了，头碰在桌子边上。stickv.（被）刺入；（被）戳进Ifoundanailstickinginthetire.我发现轮胎上扎了一根钉子。source/resourcesourcen.来源；出处Yourlocallibrarywillbeausefulsourceofinformation.你们当地的图书馆将是很好的资料来源。resourcen.资源；财力Somefamiliesdon'thavetheresourcestofeedthemselvesadequately.有些家庭没有足够的资源来养活自己。suppose/supportsupposev.认为；猜想Isuppose(that)pricewillgoup.我认为价格会上涨。supportv.支持；拥护:Ifyouraiseitatthemeeting,I'llsupportyou.如果你在会上提出这个问题，我将支持你。sweet/sweatsweetadj.含糖的；甜的Thiswineistoosweetforme.这种葡萄酒对我来说太甜了。12\nsweatn.汗水Shewipedthesweatfromherface.她擦去脸上的汗水。tend/attend/intend/pretendtendv.tendto/toward(s)sth倾向于…；有…的趋势ThesortofmusicIlistentovaries,butittendstowardlightmusic.我所听的音乐形形色色，不过一般都是轻音乐。attendv.出席；参加Pleaseletusknowifyouareunabletoattend.如果不能出席请通知我们。intendv.打算；想要Heintendsstudying/tostudyabroadnextyear.他打算明年去国外留学。pretendv.假装；装作Whenhismothercamein,hepretendedtobedoinghishomework.妈妈进来时，他假装在做作业。though/through/thoroughthoughconj.虽然Thoughshegavenosign,Iwassureshehadseenme.尽管她没有示意，我还是确信她看见了我。throughprep.穿过Thedoctorpushedhiswaythroughthecrowd.医生挤过人群。thoroughadj.完全的；彻底的Thewindowswillhavetobegivenathoroughcleaning.窗户必须得做彻底的清洁。wander/wonderwanderv.闲逛；漫步Shewanderedaimlesslyaroundthestreets.她在大街上漫无目的地到处游荡。wonderv.对感到惊讶；想知道SometimesIwonderabouthisbehavior.有时我对他的行为感到惊讶。Iwonderwhereshelivesthesedays.我想知道她现在住在哪里。weather/whetherweathern.天气Theweatherisverychangeableatthemoment.此时天气变化无常。whetherconj.是否Itremainstobeseenwhetherornotthisideacanbeputintopractice.这一想法能否付诸实践还有待观察。12
