河北省衡水市景县黎阳学校中考英语专题复习《句子种类》（无答案）人教新目标版一．感受中考：1._ _______niceweatheritis!Let’splayfootball.A.WhatB.HowC.Whata2.---________thelittlegirllooks！----That’strue.Shecan’tfindherTeddyBear.A.HowsadB.WhatsadC.WhatsadlyD.Howsadly3.—Excuseme.Isthereabanknearhere?—No,_______.ButyoucanfindoneinZhongshanRoadA.Thereisn'tBItisn'tC.theyaren't4.________buyyourticketfromaticketmachine.Therearelotsofpeoplethere.A.NotB.nottooC.Don’tD.Don’tto5.—Thereissomethingwrongwithyourhike,_______?—Yes.I'llhaveit________tomorrow.A.isn’tit;mendB.isn’tthere:mendedC.isn'tit;mendedD.isn'tthere;mend6.—_______goodtimewehadatthepartylastnight!—Yes.Itwas_____excitingpartythatIwouldneverforgetit.A.What;soB.How;suchC.Whata;suchanD.Howa;soan7.TheyhardlywatchTVonschoolnights,_____?A.willtheyB.aren’ttheyC.dotheyD.didn'tthey8.—IoftenchatwithmyfriendsontheInternet.—Youaresosmart!Willyoupleasetellme____?A.howtodoB.howtodoitC.howtouseD.whencanIuseit9.________isdangerousforustoswimintheriveralone.A.ItB.ThatC.This10.Thedrinkis_________delicious________everyoneintheroomenjoysit.A.such...thatB.too...toC.so...that二．句子种类考点小结：(一)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1)陈述句(DeclarativeSentences)：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。 Lighttravelsfasterthansound. 光比声速度快。(说明事实) Thefilmisratherboring. 这部电影很乏味。(说明看法) 2)疑问句(InterrogativeSentences)：提出问题。有以下四种： a.一般疑问句(GeneralQuestions)：Canyoufinishtheworkintime? 你能按时完成工作吗？ b.特殊疑问句(WQuestions;HQuestions)： Wheredoyoulive? 你住那儿？ c.选择疑问句(AlternativeQuestions)： Doyouwantteaorcoffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡？ d.反意疑问句(Tag-Questions)： Hedoesn'tknowher,doeshe? 他不认识她，对不对？ 3)祈使句(ImperativeSentences)：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如： Sitdown,please. 请坐。 Don'tbenervous! 别紧张！ 4)感叹句(ExclamatorySentences)：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如： Whatgoodnewsitis! 多好的消息啊！ 感叹句通常有感叹词what,how引导， what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，其主谓用陈述语序，常用省略形式。其常见句型有。例如：1) How+形容词+a+名词+陈述语序。例如：Howcleveraboy(heis)!他是多么聪明的孩子！2) How+形容词或副词+陈述语序。例如：Howslowly（theoldiswalking）!那位老人走的真慢呀！3) What+名词+陈述语序。例如：Whatnoise（thetrafficis making）!车辆的噪音真大！4) What+a+形容词+名词+陈述语序。例如：Whatacleverboy（heis）! 他是多么聪明的孩子！5) What+ 形容词+复数名词+陈述语序。例如：Whatwonderfulideas(wehave)!他们的想法真奇妙！6) What+ 形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序例如：Whatgoodnewsitis! 多好的消息啊！5\n(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：1)简单句(SimpleSentences)：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句，例如： Sheisfondofcollectingstamps. 她喜欢集邮。 (主)(谓)2)并列句(CompoundSentences)：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接，例如： Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite。食物很精美，但他却没什么胃口。 (主) (谓) (主)(谓) 并列句分为：联合并列句,转折并列句,选择并列句和因果并列句a.联合并列句常由并列词and,notonly…butalso…..等连接。如:Useyourhand,andyou’llfindaway. b.转折并列句常由并列连词but,while,yet,等连接。 如:IwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport. c.选择疑问句常由并列连词or,either…or…,等连接。如:EitheryouleavethishouseorI’llcallthepolice d.因果并列句由并列连词so,for,therefore等连接。 如:itwaslate,sowewenthome. e.在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中,当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关系时,用or。可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句,但必须将and或or去掉. 如:Hurryup,andwe’llbethereintime.=Ifwehurryup,we’llbethereintime. f.because和so;although,though和but不能连用 3)复合句(ComplexSentences)：包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词引导。例如：Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema。我们到达电影院的时候，电影已经开演了。 主句 从句(三)基本句型(BasicSentencePatterns)：英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的： 1)主+动(SV)例如： Iwork. 我工作。 2)主+动+表(SVP)例如： Johnisbusy. 约翰忙。 3)主+动+宾(SVO)例如： ShestudiesEnglish. 她学英语。 4)主+动+宾+补(SVOC)例如： Timewouldprovemeright.时间会证明我是对的。5)主+动+间宾+直宾(SVOiOd)例如：Mymothermademeanewdress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。（四）注意事项1．应特别注意掌握的简单句：1）有介词的特殊疑问句：在特殊问句中，作为介词宾语的疑问代词可以与介词分离，放在句首，而把介词放在句尾。如：Whomdoyoutravelwith? 当然，也可以把介词放在句首。总之，不要把介词丢掉。2）有插入语的特殊疑问句：在特殊问句中，经常可以看到这样的句子：Wheredoyouthinktheymaygo? 其中，doyouthink是疑问式插入语，其余部分是think的宾语从句。注意，疑问式插入语同句子的其余部分不用逗号分开。疑问式插入语还有doyouhope,doyouguess等。在肯定句中也有插入语。如：Thatman,Iguess,isneitherapolicemannorasoldier. 在肯定句的插入语要用逗号与句子的其他部分分开。去掉插入语，该句子仍然是个完整的句子。You’dbetter(not)…(dosth.)这个说法常用于提出“劝告，建议，告诫”。比较委婉的有礼貌的说法是Wouldyoulike…?或Whatabout(doing)…?。如：It’stoodark.You’dbetterleaveatonce. I’mafraid(that)… I’mafraid(that)Ican’tgowithyoutoday. 常用来委婉地表示自己的看法或预料一件令人不悦的事情。2．并列句：并列句的考查重点是并列连词。并列连词有and,or,but,both…and,neither…nor,either…or,not5\nonly…butalso…等。3．复合句：复合句考查的主要内容是宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。三．当堂巩固：1.—There_________abigearthquakeinJapanthisMarch.—Yeah.ManyChinesevolunteerswenttheretohelpthepeopleintrouble.A.wasB.isC.were2.Let’sgotothecinematoseeafilm,__________?A.willyouB.shallweC.won’tyouD.don’tyou3.—Peter,_______doyouvisityourgrandparents?—Twiceamonth.A.howlongB.howsoonC.howfarD.howoften4.—_______deliciousbeef!—Well.Youcaneatmoreifyoulikeit.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa5.—Whyareyouinsuchahurry,Mike?—There_______anNBAbasketballgameintenminutes.A.willbeB.willhaveC.isgoingtohaveD.aregoingtobe6.________wonderfulnewsreporthewrote!Allofuswereproudofhim.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa7.—______doyoureadEnglishnewspapers?—IreadChinaDailyeveryday.A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowoftenD.Howfar8.—______cleverthegirlis！—Sosheis.A.HowB.WhatC.Whata9.—LiMeiusuallyhelpsothers,_____?—Yes,sheiskind-hearted.A.doessheB.issheC.doesn’tshe10.Johnhadashortwalkafterlunch,______?A.didheB.didn’theC.hadheD.hadn’the11. —YoucomefromEngland,don'tyou? — ____ .Howdoyouknowthat?A. No,Ido B. No,Idon't C. Yes,Iam D. Yes,Ido12. — ?—Theonebehindthetree.A. Whosegirl B.Who'sthatgirl C.Whichgirl D.Where'sthegirl13.________didGinasaywhenyoutoldheraboutthegame?A.HowB.WhatC.WhichD.Why14.—Please_______toreturnmybookbyFriday.I'lluseitonSaturday.—No,problem.I'llfinishreadingitonThursday.A.don'tforgetB.nottoforgetC.notforgetD.forgetnotto15.—_____doyouspeakEnglishsowell?—BecauseIpracticeitwithmypartnereveryday.A.WhyB.WhenC.Who16.—Oh,myGod!Wehavemissedthelastbus.Whatshallwedo?—I’mafraidwehaveno______buttotakeataxi.A.decisionB.choiceC.adviceD.reason17.—Bob,it’sgettingcoldoutside.______takeajacket?—Allright,Mum.A.WhydoyouB.WhynotC.WhydidyouD.Whydon’t18.Somepeoplewon’trealizetheimportanceoftheirhealth______theyhavelostit.A.afterB.whenC.untilD.as19.Whynot________anEnglishclubtopractice_________English?A.join;speakingB.tojoin;speakingC.join;tospeakD.tojoin;tospeak20.E-mailisverypopulartoday.Peoplehardlypostletters,_______?A.didtheyB.dotheyC.didn’ttheyD.don’tthey21.Theyaretryingtodosomething__________(help)theold.22.Sallyprefersstayingathometo___________(go)outonSundays.23.Howisyouruncle?Pleasesayhelloto__________(he)forme.24.Nancyistooyoungtolookafter___________(she).Don’tleaveheralone.25.Recentlythedrought(干旱)isseriousinthe___________(south)partofChina.26.Todaymoststudentscangotohighschoolforfurther____________(educate)inourcountry.5\n27.We’redoingalotofactivitiestocelebratethe____________(ninety)birthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina(中国共产党)thisyear.28.It’svery_______ofyou.Thankyouforyourwonderfulpresent.(善良)29.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthe__________（奇迹）oftheworld.30.Haveyouever__________（写）alettertoyourparents?31.Wouldyouliketo__________(分享)yourexperienceswithus?32.Bothofthebusinessmenfeltsorryastheirtalkwithoutanagreement.（中断）33.Smokingandsleepinglatecangetofyourhealth.（妨碍）34.Hewenttobedafterheallthelights.(关)35.Sheisthe_____________oneinthefamily.(小)四．能力训练：I.单项选择：1.________badweatheritis!It’srainyfortwoweeks.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa2.—_____kindgirlNancyis!—Yes,sheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa3.—__________isittoyourhometownfromhere?—Well,ittakesalittleoverthreehourstogettherebycoach.A.HowsoonB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howfar4.Iwon’tbelievethatthefive-year-oldboycanreadmagazines____Itesthimmyself.A.ifB.whenC.afterD.until5.It’stime______theweatherreport.Turnontheradio,please.A.toB.inC.atD.for6.—Alicehadnothingforbreakfastthismorning,________?—No.Shegotuptoolate.A.hadsheB.hadn’tsheC.didsheD.didn’tshe7.–--Ifeelabithungrynow.---Whynot_____fordinnerwithus?A.goB.didyougoC.togoD.doyougo8.--Ihavegreat__inlearningmathandI'msoworried.Couldyouhelpme?--Sure.I'dbegladto.A.troubleB.interestC.joyD.fun9.There______morecarsnowinourcountry.A.haveB.areC.isD.has10.—______today!—Yes.Shallwehaveapicnicintheopenair?A.WhatfineweatherisB.HowfineweatheritisC.WhatafineweatheritisD.Howfinetheweatheris11.—Ilikethissetofsofasomuch,butIdon'tknow______itinmysmallhouse.—You'resupposedtoputitinthelivingroom.A.wheretoputB.whytoputC.howtoput12.—________didhecome?—Hecametoaskforhelp.A.HowB.WhenC.WhereD.Why13.—_____willyourEnglishteachercomeback?—Intwodays.A.WhenB.HowlongC.Howsoon14.—______hasyouruncle_____thevillage?—Since1999.HeisinShanghainow.A.Howlong;beenawayfromB.When;beenawayfromC.Howlong;left15.—Lookatthesign,whatdoesitmean?—Itmeans“_____”.A.Don’ttalkingB.NotalkingC.NottalkII.完型填空：通读短文，掌握大意，然后从所给A、B、C三个选顶中选出一个最佳答案。Mostpeoplewanttobehappy,butfewknowhowtofindhappiness.Moneyandsuccessalonedonotbring1.Happinessdependson2.Inotherwords,wemakeourownhappiness.Hereareafew3tohelpyouhappier.5\nThefirstsecretofhappinessistoenjoythesimplethingsinlife.Toooften,we4somuchtimethinkingaboutfuture—forexample,gettingintocollegeorgettingagoodjob—that,wefailtoenjoythepresent.Youshouldenjoylife’ssimple5,suchasreadingagoodbook,listeningtoyourfavoritemusic,orspendingtimewithclosefriends.Peoplewhohaveseveral6friendslivehappierandhealthierlives.Anothersecrettoleadahappylifeistobeactiveandhave7.Whenyouaredancingorplayingsports,youcanforgetaboutyourproblems,and8thinkabouttheactivity.Finally,manypeoplefindhappinessinhelping9.Ifyouwanttofeelhappier,do10niceforsomeone.Youcanhelpafriendwithhisorherlessons,goshoppingtobuyfoodforyourfamilymembers,orsimplyhelpoutaroundthehousebywashingthedishes.()1.A.happinessB.goodnessC.health()2.A.themB.yourselfC.ourselves()3.A.problemsB.suggestionsC.advice()4.A.takeB.costC.spend()5.A.pleasuresB.pleasantC.interest()6.A.closelyB.closeC.better()7.A.friendsB.moneyC.hobbies()8.A.sometimesB.onlyC.seldom()9.A.othersB.himselfC.parents()10.A.anythingB.nothingC.somethingIII.任务型阅读：阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。2022istheYearoftheRabbitinChina.ItbeganonFebruary3.TherabbitisasymbolofkindnessandaloveofbeautyinChineseculture.PeoplebornintheYearoftheRabbitarequick-minded.Althoughtheyaresometimesshy,theyhaveastrongmindandwilltrytheirbesttomaketheirdreamscometruealltheirlives.Rabbitpeoplearetalented(有才干的)andareinterestedinartisticactivities,suchasmusicandpainting.Theyaresofriendlyandwellorganizedthattheycanbegreatteachers.TherearesomefamouspeoplewhowerebornintheYearoftheRabbit,suchasUSactressAngelinaJolieandEnglandsoccerstarDavidBeckham.InChina,famousdirectorZhangYimouandkungfustarLiLianjiearerabbits,too.TherearesomebigeventsintheYearoftheRabbit.TheInternationalHorticulturalExposition(世界园艺博览会)isbeingheldinXi’an.Itwilllastsixmonths,fromApriltoOctober.InBritain,thewedding(婚礼)ofPrinceWilliamofWalesandKateMiddletontookplaceonApril29.The26thWorldUniversityGamesinShenzhenwillhappeninAugust,2022.1.Whatdoes“theYearoftheRabbit”meaninChinese?2.Whatdoes“rabbit”standforinChineseculture?3.WhatwillhappeninAugustinShenzhen?4.Whatarerabbitpeopleinterestedin?5.WhatdoyouthinkofthepeoplebornintheYearoftheRabbit?5
