专题16任务型阅读☞解读考点我国教育部颁发的《英语新课程标准》倡导任务型的教学模式，要求教师依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，灵活地和有创造性地使用教材，设计贴近学生实际的教学活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与，并在此过程中培养学生用英语解决实际问题的能力，让学生学会用英语“做事”。任务型教学中包含的一个很重要的组成部分就是任务型阅读。新课程背景下英语中考命题以全面地考查学生的综合语言运用能力为宗旨，特别是要考查学生在具体情境中运用英语知识与技能的能力。任务型阅读正是新课程改革精神在中考中的体现。直击考点任务型阅读 任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式，考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇结构理解能力。其内容涉及广泛，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间，其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达，而是在理解文字的基础上，完成相应的图表或文字练习，从而有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。“任务型阅读”题型分析任务型阅读主要考查学生收集信息、整理信息的能力，是对语言应用能力的考查，是培养学生阅读兴趣的一种很好的题型。它考查的题型多样，可以是翻译句子，也可以是改写句子，可以是填写表格，也可以是回答问题。根据对任务设计的要求不同可将其分为三类：阅读回答问题根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的重要题型。针对初中知识水平，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，只要言之成理就能得分。因为是问答题，所以一定要依据问句的形式和内容答题，解题时，要了解不同问题的回答方式。通常第一道题都是一般疑问句，所以要用yes或no来回答；选择疑问句回答时不用Yes/No，需选择其中正确的一部分来作答；反义疑问句也用Yes或No来回答，但意思要视实际情况而定：前肯后否，正常回答；前否后肯，根据事实从后往前翻译。如（1）Theyworkhard,don’tthey?他们努力工作，不是吗？ Yes,theydo.对,他们工作努力。/No,theydon't.不，他们工作不努力 （2）Theydon’tworkhard,dothey?他们不太努力工作，是吗？ Yes,theydo.不，他们工作努力。/No,theydon't.对，他们工作不努力特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。23\n例如：—WhatsportisfavoriteinAmericanuniversities？—Footbal.如果考生答“Playfootbal.”会被扣掉1分。因为what问句应是名词性质的答案。又如：—IsiteasyordificultforanoverweightchildtodoexerciseinP.E.lessons？ —Difficult./It’sdifficult.如果考生答“Yes，it’sdifficult.”会被扣1分。因为选择疑问句不能用yes或no来回答。“任务型阅读”的复习策略“任务型阅读”虽是新设的题型，但在我们的教材中并不陌生。新教材许多单元的阅读材料都以任务型阅读为主，而且任务设计形式丰富多样。那么如何在复习备考中使学生适应并掌握这一题型呢？1．整体感知“任务”，了解“任务阅读”俗话说“知己知彼，百战不殆”。为了理解和掌握“任务型阅读”，学生必须有感性认识作基础。因此，在复习之前，教师应该让学生明白“任务”的内涵，告诉学生什么是任务型阅读理解，它的具体要求和任务形式有哪些等等。教师可从教材入手，根据学生的学习兴趣和语言水平，选取课文中的任务型阅读作为例题分析，然后让学生找出教材中更多的任务类型进行归纳，只有让学生对任务型阅读有较全面的了解，熟练掌握解题技巧，做起题目方能得心应手，游刃有余。2．精选阅读题材，激发阅读兴趣好的阅读材料能够使学生体验学习英语的乐趣，树立学好英语的自信心。因此，在阅读教学中阅读材料的选择极其重要。（1）选材要有趣味性“兴趣是人的认识需要的心理表现，它使人对某些事物，优先给予注意，并带有积极的情绪色彩。”一篇令人感兴趣的文章能使学生保持一种激情去读完整篇文章。所以，在选材时教师可以选择一些学生感兴趣或和他们学习生活相关的话题内容，通过文字材料加以训练。比如，让对足球十分感兴趣的学生阅读一篇关于足球知识的文章，他从这篇文章中所获得的语言知识远胜过他读10篇小故事。因此“兴趣”是最好的老师，当学生对阅读材料产生兴趣时，就能收到事半功倍的效果。当然，选择的材料必须内容丰富，各种类型的题材都应有所体现。（2）选材要有实效性。23\n所谓时效性，也就是所选材料要与时俱进，紧跟形势。人人都有好奇心，特别是对于初中学生，更是如此，他们对周围的事物充满着好奇，关注热点问题，教师选择如建设节约型社会（节约水、电）、环境保护（污染、濒危动物）、奥运话题（学习英语、运动与健康、环保）等内容的阅读材料，能让学生感到活动的内容与他们的需求和身心发展一致时，使他们产生共鸣，教学内容就更容易内化，从而激发学生兴趣而达到完成任务的目的。因此，如果教师选择了一些贴近学生生活的阅读文章，就会在满足了学生好奇心的同时，也完成了对语言的输入，达到“润物细无声”的效果。（3）选材要有针对性。材料应适合全体学生参与，而不仅仅是让优秀学生参加；最好设计成若干种形式，使不同水平的学生都能参与并完成。3．实施分层教学，增强阅读信心美国著名教育家布卢姆认为学生的学习潜能是很大的，他相信只要教育得法，绝大多数学生都是可以掌握学校里交给他的各种知识技能的。因此在教学过程中，教师可针对学生的个体差异，实施分层次教学，设计如下多层次的教学目标：树立C层学生的自信心，培养他们学习兴趣，帮助他们养成良好的学习习惯：侧重B层学生的基础知识及语言运用能力的培养：加大A层学生的阅读量用综合语言运用的能力的训练。在具体的课堂教学中，教师可针对不同层次的学生设计不同难度的任务，使各层次的学生均能有所收获。如下面是一则任务型阅读的分层设计：☞2年中考[2022年题组]1.【2022年内蒙古通辽市中考】Aloudnoisesuddenlyhurtsyourearswhileyouenjoyafilminthecinema.Astrangermakesyoujumpasheshoutsathisfriendontheothersideofthecity.Mobilephonesareeverywhereandsometimestheycanbeveryannoying.Althoughtheyarenecessities（必需品）ofmodernlife,itiscommontohearpeoplecomplainabout（抱怨）mobilephones.Mostpublicplaceshavemobilephonerules.Sotrytokeepyourphoneringaslowaspossibleorputitonvibratemode（振动模式）.Itisgoodtoleaveyourphoneathomewhenyouwouldbeatschoolorwhenvisitingahospital.Ifyouneedtomakeortakeacallwhileinameeting,atarestaurantoratheatre,gotothewashroom.Ifyouareexpectingacall,getaseatnearthedoor.Itispolitetotellothersatthebeginningthatyouareexpectinganimportantcall.Whenyougetacallandyouarewithfriends,keepthecallshortandspeakquietly.Agoodwaytomakesurethatpeopledon’tinterrupt（打断）youandothersistotellyourfriendswhenit’sagoodtimetocall.根据短文内容，补全表格。23\nInmostpublicplacesKeepyourphoneringas.aspossibleorputitonvibratemode.Atschoolorwhenvisitingahospitalathome.Inameeting,atarestaurantoratheatreIfyouneedtomakeacall,.Ifyouarewaitingforacall,youshouldnearthedoor.Whenyougetacallandyouarewithfriendsandspeakquietly.【答案】lowleavegotothewashroomsitkeepthecallshort考点：考查日常生活类阅读2.【2022年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考】Thepolicefindmostcriminals(罪犯)becausesomebodytellsthemwhothecriminalsare.They23\nfindothercriminalsbyusingscienceandtheircomputers.Whenthereisabankrobbery(抢劫),thepolicefirstlookthroughtheircomputersforthenamesofthebankrobbersthattheyknowabout.Thentheygoandtalktoanyoftheserobberswhoarenotinprison(监狱).Theyaskthemwheretheywerewhentherobberyhappened.Ifanyofthesepeoplecannotgiveagoodanswer,thepolicewilloftenusesciencetofindoutifoneofthemistherobber.Manycriminalsleavesomethingofthemselvesattheplacesofthecrimeslikeafingerprintorahair.Ortheytakesomethingawayontheirshoesorclothes,likedirtoranimalhair.Iftheyleavebehindsomeoftheirbloodortheirhairorapieceofskin,itwillhavetheirDNAinsideit.Everyone’sDNAisdifferentandtheirfingerprintsarealsodifferent.So,ifacriminalcutshimselfduringarobberyorleaveshishair,orevenasmallpieceofskin,scientistscanfindoutwhathisDNAis.ThepolicecanthenaskthepersontheythinkistherobbertogivethemhishairorsomebloodandseeifithasthesameDNA.Manycriminalsareinprisontodaybecauseofthiskindofevidences.根据上文内容判断正(T)误(F)Usuallythepolicefindcriminalsbecausetheyusetheircomputer.Thepolicedonotusuallyaskcriminalswhoareinprisonaboutacrimebecausethesecriminalscouldnothavedoneit.ThemostusefulevidencesthatcriminalsleaveattheplacesoftheircrimesarethingswiththeirDNAinthem.Manycriminalsusuallytakesomethingawayonlyontheirshoesafterthecrimes.Thestoryisaboutabankrobbery.【答案】FTTFF23\n细节理解题。本句意思是，关于犯罪问题，警方通常不讯问在监狱里面的罪犯，因为他们不可能做这些事。根据Whenthereisabankrobbery(抢劫),thepolicefirstlookthroughtheircomputersforthenamesofthebankrobbersthattheyknowabout.描述，可知只有当发生了抢劫后，警方才会讯问监狱里面的囚犯，故本句描述正确。细节理解题。本句是说罪犯留在罪行发生的地方的最重要的证据是他们的DNA，根据短文后两段描述，可知本句描述正确。细节理解题。本句是说在罪行发生后，罪犯通常只把鞋上面的一些东西带走。根据短文倒数第二段描述，可知可以作为证据的不只是罪犯鞋上面的东西，因此罪犯要带走的不止这些东西，故本句描述错误。主旨大意题。本句是说这个故事是有关银行抢劫的。阅读短文可知，这是一篇关于警察如何破案的短文，故本句描述错误。考点：考查科普环保类阅读3.【2022年山东省临沂市中考】Whatwillthecarbelikeinthefuture?Maybewecansitinacarthatcandriveitself.About40yearsago,scientistsfromtheUnitedStatesstartedtodevelopself-drivingcars(无人驾驶汽车).ThemostfamousrecentonewasmadebyGooglein2022.Therearecamerasandradars(雷达)onthetopofthecar.Theyallowthecomputerinthecartodrawa3Dmapoftheenvironment.Chinesescientistshavealsosuccessfullydevelopedaself-drivingcar.ThecarmadeatripfromChangshatoWuhan.Isaself-drivingcarsafe?Arecentstudyshowsthatrobotsmakesaferdriversthanhumans.Ifonly10%ofcarsonthestreetareself-driving,theywillsave1,000lives(生命)everyyear.If90%ofvehicles(交通工具)areself-driving,21,700liveswillbesavedayear.However,aself-drivingcarisexpensiveandeachcostsabout$100,000.Soitisimpossibletobeverypopularinthenearfuture.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。Americanscientistsstartedtodevelopself-drivingcarsin2022.23\nCamerasandcomputersareonthetopoftheself-drivingcarbyGoogle.InChina,scientistshavesuccessfullydevelopedaself-drivingcar.Themoreself-drivingcarsthereareonthestreet,thefewertrafficdeathstherewillbe.Theself-drivingcarswillbeverypopularinthenearfuture.【答案】BBAAB考点：考查科普环保类阅读[2022年题组]1.【2022年安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题后面的词数要求）Amousewassurprisedtodiscoverthatthefarmerandhiswifehadamousetrap（老鼠夹）inthehouse.Itrantowarneveryone,“Thereisamousetrapinthehouse!”Ahenraisedhisheadandsaid,“Mr.Mouse,thismousetrapisonlyforyou.Iwon’tbeworried23\naboutit.”Themouseturnedtoapig,“Iamsorry,Mr.Mouse,butthemousetraphasnothingtodowithme,either!”thepigsaid.Thenthemouseturnedtoacow,“Itsoundslikeyouhaveaproblem,notme.”thecowsaid.Themousereturnedtothehousewithheaddownanditwasverysadbecausenoonewouldhelp.Thatnightthefarmer’swifeheardaloudsoundandsherushedtoseewhatwascaught.Inthedarknessshecouldnotseethatitwasasnake.Thesnakebit（咬）thefarmer’swife.Thewifecaughtabadfeverandthefarmerthebestwaytotreatafeverwaschickensoup.Sothefarmerkilledthehenforthesoup.Thewifegotworseandherfriendscametovisither.Thefarmerhadtokillthepigtofeedthem.Butthewifedidn’tgetbetteranddied.Herfriendscameandthefarmerhadtokillthecowtofeedallofthem.Sorememberwhenanyoneofusisintrouble,wemayallbeintrouble.88.Whywasthemouseverysad?（不超过5个词）______________________________________________________________________________________89.Whatwascaughtbythemousetrapthatnight?（不超过5个词）______________________________________________________________________________________90.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?（不超过15个词）______________________________________________________________________________________【答案】88.（Because）noonewouldhelp.89.Asnake（wascaught）.90.（Remember）whenanyoneofusisintrouble,wemayallbeintrouble./Weshouldhelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.23\n【考点定位】任务型阅读。2.【贵州省安顺市2022年中考英语试题】任务型阅读。（每小题2分，共10分）Thereoncewasawoman.Shehadafaithful(忠实的)dog.Thedogwassofaithfulthatshecouldleaveherbabywiththedogwhenshewentout.(A)Andaftershereturned，shewouldalwaysfindherbabysafe.Oneday，thewomanleftthebabywiththedogandwentshopping.Whenshereturned，shefoundsomethinghadtakenplaceinthehouse.Therewerebloodstains(血迹)alloverthebedroom.Thewomanthenthoughtofherbaby.Shecriedandstartedlookingforhim.Thenshesawthefaithfuldog.Itwaslicking（舔）itsmouth.Itseemedthatithadjustfinishedadeliciousmeal.Thewomanwasangryandthoughtthatthedoghadkilledherbaby.Withoutthinkingtoomuch，(B)________________.Butasshecontinuedlookingforherchild，shesawsomethingelse.Closetothebed，therewasherbabyandhewassleeping.Andunderthebed，therewasadeadjackal(豺狼).Thewomannowunderstoodwhathadhappened.Thedogtiredtoprotectherbabyfromthejackal，butjustnowshekilledthedog.Howregretfulshewas!21.从文中找出与下句意义相近的句子。Thedogseemedtohavejustfinishedagoodmeal.22.将(A)处划线句子翻译成汉语。23\n23.根据文章内容，将(B)处补充完整。24.把下面发生的事情排序：①Thewomanfoundthebloodstainsallovertheroom.②Thewomanfoundherbabysleeping.③Thewomankilledthedog.④Thewomanstartedlookingforherbaby.25.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?【答案】21.Itseemedthatithadjustfinishedadeliciousmeal．22.她回来后，总是发现孩子是安全的。23.shekilledthedog.24.①④③②25.AFaithfulDog【解析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了一个女人养了一条忠实的狗。一次她去购物时又把孩子和狗留在家里。回来时发现满地的血迹，就误以为狗吃了孩子，于是她打死了这条狗。可是最后她发现孩子睡在床上，而一只死去的豺狼躺在床下。【考点定位】任务型阅读。3.【湖南省娄底市2022年中考英语试题】任务型阅读阅读下面短文内容，完成表格。（每空填1至3个单词）（共5小题，计10分）SomeAdviceonSafety23\nAlwaysplayinasafeplace.Aparkisasafeplacebecausethereisnocarsortrucks.Butdonottalktostrangers.Nevergowithastrangerintoacar.Beforecrossingtheroad,stopandlookbothways.Lookleft,lookrightandlookleftagain.Keepawayfromhousesorbuildingsthatarebeingbuiltorknockeddown.Somethingmightfallonyourhead,oryoumightcutyourselfonbrokenglass.Medicinesorpillscanbedangerous.Neverswallow(吞下)anypillsormedicinesyoufindinthecupboard.Don’tswiminthepoolorriverwithoutadults.Wearalifejacketwheneveryougooutinaboat.Evenifyouarenotintheopenseaandthewaterisnotdeep,youshouldhaveyourlifejacketon.It'seasytofalloutofaboat.Donotputyourheadoutofacar,busortrain.Manychildrenhavebeenkilledbydoingthis.56.________________AdviceWhenorwhereHowtodoPlayinasafeplacePlayinapark.Nevertalkto57._________orgowiththem.WhencrossingaroadStopandlook58._________________.HousesorbuildingsbeingbuiltorknockeddownStayaway.MedicinesorpillsNeverswallowanymedicineswithoutadoctor'sadvice.Ina59._____________Wearalifejacket.Onabus,carortrainNeverput60.___________outofthem.【答案】56.(Some)Safety57.strangers58.Bothways/leftandright59.boat60.one’s/your/ourhead23\n【考点定位】阅读填空。☞考点归纳中考英语任务型阅读做题技巧任务型阅读是在遵循新课程标准的基础上，根据任务型教学的任务设计而形成的一种新题型，它主要考查学生根据所提供信息具体解决实际问题的能力，同时还注重考查学生的阅读理解、分析理解、逻辑推理及社会生活的综合运用能力。试题仍将体现语言能力、智力能力和社会阅历三方面的有机结合。这种试题能够有效测试考生运用语言“做事”的能力，符合目前英语教学改革的方向。完成这一题型应非常细致，应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息，并且经过整理输出信息。根据已有各地试题可把大体分成三类题型：问答问题型、应用文型和综合型（把两种类型综合在一起）。回答问题型也就是给出一篇短文，题后设计几个问题（一般五个题）。这种题型既考查学生的阅读理解的能力，又考查学生的在文章中提取信息的能力。要求学生根据问题在文章中找出能回答问题的关键句子，或者需要自己组织语言回答问题；有的题目设计出一两个翻译题等。细读问题要求，完成任务。在明白题意和文意的基础上，仔细阅读后面的题目要求，根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。总之，这类题型要求学生要有很好的阅读理解和归纳总结的能力。应用文型的任务阅读它往往与生活实际挂钩，涉及天气预报、电视节目、预定购各类物品，海报广告、确定路线方位、留言口信电话记录等生活实例和有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料等。内容比较简单，有时图文并茂，符合不同学生层次的心理爱好。体现了运用语言完成实际任务的目的。题目设计一般为表格形式较多，学生可先看题目要求，大致明白所要完成的任务，直接从材料中找到相关信息，从而完成所给的任务。23\n综合类型的任务阅读一般是在问题设计上兼顾了前两种类型,既有根据短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、连词成句等，又有根据内容完成表格或图表信息，完成这一题型应非常细致，应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息，并且经过整理输出信息。在明白题意和文意的基础上，仔细阅读后面的题目要求，根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。另外，任务型阅读题型涉及到写，应特别注意大小写及书写规范问题，做到每个细节都能万无一失，保证做题的准确性和得分率。☞阅读能力培养(一)要注意养成良好的阅读心理阅读时要去掉杂念，心绪要安定，精神要专一，要形成一种惬意的顺向心理。造成大脑皮层的优势兴奋中心。切不可一遇到几个生词难句，就心烦意乱，失去自控能力。心理学家告诉我们，任何恐慌，过分紧张的情绪都会形成一种消极因素妨碍大脑的正常思维功能。因此，遇到困难一定要从容不迫，心无旁骛。这样才能对所读的文章印象清晰，理解深刻。 (二)要提高视读的速度考阅读理解，从另一个方面来说，考的是考试速度。2022年上海英语中考[微博]阅读理解文章每篇均达到400词左右。慢读是不行的。因此做阅读理解时，要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。阅读时眼球总是不断地移动——停顿——移动着。理解是在“眼停”的瞬间进行的。我们要使眼停的时间相对增加，就要扩大视读的广度，把逐词逐句的点式阅读变成一次扫描一句的线式阅读，并且把看到的东西迅速报告给大脑，形成眼脑较快的直映能力。切不可在个别难懂的词句上磨蹭，只要全篇理解了，个别难懂的词句可以根据上下文和构词法去猜测，去推断。 (三)阅读时要注意培养语感所谓语感是指人们对语言中词语搭配及句型结构的熟练程度。语感好的人，理解力就强，视读的速度就快。阅读时要留心词语的搭配，即惯用法。必要时可用笔划一划或记下来。读完每一篇文章，都应总结归纳一下，积累了多少单词，惯用法和句型，这样语感自然就会好起来。 (四)读完一篇文章后，要回味一番对文章的段落结构，中心思想，人物事件，论点论据要做到心中有数。对不清楚的地方可以再看几次。要留心关键词句，注意弦外之音。对文章的评价分析，一定要坚持“词不离句，句不离篇”，要理解文章作者的原意，而不能按你自己的意愿去想当然。切记：一想当然，就会出错。如果文章太长，你可以先把文章后面的问题看一遍，带着问题去看文章。这样可以帮助你去掉杂念，提高阅读速度和解题的正确性。要善于找关键句，特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句话，往往就是关键句，可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌，理解文章的主题。此外，还应该细读文章，因为有时的试题是考细节。可以边读边用铅笔做点标记，把有关的人物，事件，时间，地点，原因(即五个w，who，what，when，where，why)划出来。凡逢人物就圈起来，看完一数，有几个圈就是几个人，一目了然。☞解题技能任务型阅读的做题方法与技巧：一般疑问句：回答Yes或No即可，注意句末一定要用句号。23\n选择疑问句：回答的时候要选or前后结构一致的部分，选一项回答即可。特殊疑问句：When的回答用“介词+时间”Where的回答用“介词+地点”Why的回答用“Because+句子；Becauseof+词、短语”How的回答用“By+doing”What的回答用“句子、短语、词”任务型阅读最后一道试题：情况一：Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?回答通常用：What…is;Howto…;n.(importance/development/value/history/advantage等)+of….情况二：关键词包括tell;purpose;learnfrom等回答通常用：答案中通常包含opinionsabout;Togivesuggestionsaboutsth.;Howtodo,sb.shoulddosth.sb.shouldn’tdosth注意：答案通常需要总结升华；但有时与情况一mainidea的回答一样。情况三：“thinkof”看法类回答通常用：答案中一般包含：有意义的事情基本上都是优点；其余的都有优缺点；此外以及整体肯定，局部否定的情况，此外，在提到事情优缺点的同时，也要一定要注意作者思想的倾向。注意：在最后的一道试题中，近几年中考的考题型是越来越考查学生的总结问题的能力。☞1年模拟1.（北京石景山模拟）阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。Hatingsomeonehurtsone’sownhealthsinceitcausesangerwithin，andthisangercanharmone’shealthifitbuildstoohigh.Healthiswealth，andforgiveness(原谅)isthewaytogo.Forgivingsomeonewillhelptomakeyoufeelbetterandsolvetheproblemsaboutrelationships.Thefollowingstepsmayhelpyou：Recognizetheway.Manyatime，wedon’tknowwhywehatesomeoneandcontinuetowalkonaroadthattroublesone’smentalandphysicalhealthandhappiness.Weshouldbeabletorecognizethewayfirstthatyoutreathim/herwhenwecomeacrossacertainhumanbeing.Onceweareabletorecognizetheway，wecanthenmoveontothenextstep.Findthecause.Weshouldtrytosearchwithinourselvesaboutwhatandhowthatpersonhashurtus，andwhywehatethem.Findingacausehelpsustobringclosurewithinourselves，and23\nwecanopenuptodiscussionwithinourselves，andevenwiththepersonwhomwehate.Facethatperson.Comingface-to-facewiththepersonwhomonehatesisachallenge，butfacinghim/herwillleadtopeaceofmindandasoundsleepatnight.Braveupandfacethatperson.Startaconversation.Onceinthepresenceofthepersonwhoishated，startaconversationandcommunicateaboutwhatbothersyou.Beingfrankaboutwhatandhowthatperson’sbehaviormakesoneselfangrywillhelpbothdiscussproblems，andwillfinallyleadtoclarification.Saysorrytohim/her.Apologizingtothedislikedpersoncandowondersforone’sphysicalandmentalbeing，bringinghappinessandsatisfaction.Keepingone’segos(自负)asideandexpressingregretarethekeystoforgiveness.Onceyouforgiveaperson，bepatientandkindtoyourself.Expressyourpainandworries，anddonotkeepitbottledup.Thanksforthegoodnessofpeoplearoundyou，andimagineanewlifewithenergyeachday.Thiswillhelptoshapeeachdayfreeofpain.61.Whatcanhelpyoutosolvetheproblemsaboutrelationships?62.Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttoforgiveapersonwehate?63.Whydoweneedtofacethepersonwehate?64.Whatarethekeystoforgivenessaccordingtothepassage?65.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?【答案】61.Forgiveness./Forgivingsomeone.62.Recognizetheway.63.Becauseitwillleadtopeaceofmindandasoundsleepatnight.64.Keepingone’segosasideandexpressingregret.65.Whyandhowtoforgiveothers.23\n考点：任务型阅读。2.（浙江金华模拟）任务型阅读阅读匹配。阅读五段材料，根据每段内容从A至E中选出恰当的标题。(共5小题，计10分)71.______________SongZuyingisthemostfamoussoprano(女高音歌唱家)inChina.IntheeyesoftheChinesepeople,SongZuyingisthestaroforientalart(东方艺术).Shewasborninabeautifulplace–GuzhangCountyinWestHunan.Inrecentyears,shehasbeenawardedmanyhighestprizesinvariousmusiccontests.Shelovesherhometownanddoesalotforthepeoplethere.72.__________________WenJiabaoisthepremier(总理)oftheworld’smostpopulous(人口众多的)country.Butmillionsofpeoplewouldrathercallhim“grandpa”.Alwaysinplain(朴素的)jackets,heseemstobeaverykindmanandalwayssmiles.Butinthefaceofdisastershehasthepowertopulltogetherthewholecountry.73.____________23\nDingCong,afamouscartoonistinChina,diedonMay26,2022.Hestartedtodrawcartoonsmorethanseventyyearsago,buthealwayscalledhimselfXiaoDingorLittleDing.Heseemedtohavealottolearninthisworld.Hiscartoonsarehumorous(幽默的)andinterestingandlovedbytheoldandtheyounginChina.74._________________An18–meterhigh“Olympictorch(火炬)”madeofmorethan110,000potsofflowers,thebiggest“Olympictorch”intheworld,isseenattheLiberationParkinWuhan,HubeiProvince.The“Olympictorch”wasexhibitedattheopeningceremonyofthe2022WuhanFlowerExpo(展览会)toexpresslocalpeople’sbestwishestothesummerOlympicGames.75.________________LiuQianistheonlymagicianfromTaiwaninvitedbyLasVegasandtheHollywoodMagicCastleforperformance.WhenLiuQianwas7yearsold,hestartedtostudymagic.Thefirstmagicheperformedwastoputacoinintohismouthandthentakeitoutfromhishindbrain(后脑).NowLiu’smagictrickshavemadetheoldartpopularagain,andmadehimthehottestmagicianinChina.A.Thepremierisour“grandpa”.B.ThemostfamoussopranoinChina.C.Thecartoonistwhowaslovedbyoldandyoung.D.ThefamousmagicianfromTaiwan.E.Thebiggest“Olympictorch”intheworld.【答案】71.B72.A73.C74.E75.D【解析】23\n考点：任务型阅读。3.（江苏靖江）阅读表达阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。Weallhaveourownwaysofsharingourlifeexperienceswithothers.Photographersusecameras,artistsusebrushes,musiciansusesongsandwritersusestories.SpencerJohnson’sstoryWhoMovedMyCheese?showschangesexistin(存在于)ourlife.Lifechangesandsowedo.Wemustchangeourselvestofacethechangingenvironment,orwewillfail.Justlookatthecycleoftheseasons.Treesbud(发芽)inspringandinsummertheirleavesturngreen.Inautumn,theirleavesstarttofallontotheground.Whenwinterarrives,therearenoleavesontrees.Nextspringthecyclebeginsagain.Sinceweknowtherearecyclesinnature,wecanprepareforthem.Weknowitiscolderinwinterandhotterinsummer,sowecandressproperly.Sinceweacceptthecyclesofnature,weshouldalsoacceptthechangesinourlife.Wecanprepareourselvesforchangesbybecomingmoreflexible(灵活的).Wecanregardthechangesinourlifeaschances.Aswekeepchangingourselves,wecankeepupwiththechangesinourlife.Soweshouldchangeourselveswhenlifechanges.Pleaseanswerthefollowingquestionswithnomorethanfivewords.56.Howdowriterssharetheirlifeexperiences?_________________________________________________________________________57.WhowrotethestoryWhoMovedMyCheese?23\n_________________________________________________________________________58.WhatdoesWhoMovedMyCheese?tellus?_________________________________________________________________________59.Whendoleavesstarttofallontotheground?_________________________________________________________________________60.Whatshouldwedowhenlifechanges?【答案】56.Bywritingstories./Writersusestories.57.SpencerJohnson.58.Changesexistinourlife.59.Inautumn.60.Weshouldchangeourselves23\n考点：考查人生感悟类短文阅读。4.（江苏南京）阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）A)阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后56-65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—65的相应位置上。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。Asteenagers,changingtheworlddoesnotonlymeanfindingacureforcancer,orfindingtheoriginofhumanity,butrecyclingapieceofpaperaswell.GoingGreenisapracticalwaythatteenagerscanhavearealandmeaningfulinfluenceintheworld.Whatfollowsarethreesimplewaysteenagerscangogreenandchangetheworld.RecycleAccordingtoaWire&Twineonlinearticle,63millionnewspapersgoouttostreetvendors(摊贩),localpaperboys,ornewspaperdispenserseverydayandofthose44millionarethrownaway.RecyclingtheSundaynewspapersalonewecouldsavehalfamilliontreesaweek.Theageoftechnologycreatesnewphones,iPods,ornewcomputers.Manypeoplewillstandinlineforhourstogettheirhandsonthenewpieceoftechnology,butwhathappenswiththeoldones?Nothing.AccordingtoEarth911,about75%oftheolddevices(设备)arethrowninthebackofadrawercollectingdust.Govegetarian(素食主义)onedayaweekHerearesomeamazingfactsongoingvegetarianforonlyoneday.AccordingtoNoamMohr,aphysicistattheNewYorkUniversity,theUnitedStateswouldsave100billiongallonsofwaterwhichisenoughtoofferallhomesinNewEnglandforabout4months.TheEnvironmentalDefenseconcludeswiththemostinterestingfact:ifthewholepopulationgivesuponemealofchicken,theamountofcarbondioxideaccumulated(累积的)wouldbethesameamountifmorethanhalfamillioncarsweretakenoffU.S.roads.Sogivingupjustonedayofeatingmeatisworththeadvantagesitcouldbring.Don’tdrinktoomuchbottledwater23\nThereisacommonideathatbottledwaterishealthierthanregulartapwater.However,25%ofbottledwatercomesfromregulartapwaterwhichgoesthroughafilter(过滤).Bottledwatercompaniesdonotneedtolistwheretheygotthewaterfrom,howtheycleanthewater,orwhatchemicalstheirplasticwaterbottleshave.Plasticbottlesdonotgetrecycled90%ofthetimewhichresultsin1.5milliontonsofplasticinlandfillswhicharenoteasytodecompose(分解).Infact,afterconsideringthatbottledwaterandtapwaterhavefewdifferences,peopleshouldusemorereusablewaterbottles.”JustkeepinmindwhatMargaretMeadoncesaid,“Neverdoubtthatasmallgroupofthoughtfulandcommitted(坚定的)citizenscanchangetheworld.Indeed,it’stheonlythingthateverhas.”TopicHowteenagerscangogreenDefinitionGoinggreenisapracticalwaywhichteenagerscanmakea56totheworld.Itisreallymeaningful.57togogreenRecyclelUnluckily,onlyabout58millionnewspapersarereallyinuseeveryday.lPeopleusually59mostoftheolddevicesinthebackofadrawer.GovegetarianlAllhomesinNewEnglanduseabout100billiongallonsofwaterinfour60.lTheEnvironmentalDefenseconcludesthatitshouldbeworthyforpeopleto61eatingmeatjustonedayaweek.Drink62bottledwaterlMostofplasticbottlesdonotgetrecycledanditproducesmillionsoftonsofplasticwhichare63todecompose.lInfact,it’sbetterforpeopleto64morereusablewaterbottles.ConclusionJust65thewordssaidbyMargaretMeadthatthoughtfulandcommittedcitizenscanchangetheworld.【答案】23\n56.difference57Ways58.nineteen59.throw60.months61stop62.less63.hard64.use65.remember23\n64.根据Infact,afterconsideringthatbottledwaterandtapwaterhavefewdifferences,peopleshouldusemorereusablewaterbottles.”可知事实上，在考虑到瓶装水和自来水有差异，人们应该多用可重复使用的水瓶。根据句意，故填use。65.根据JustkeepinmindwhatMargaretMeadoncesaid,“Neverdoubtthatasmallgroupofthoughtfulandcommitted(坚定的)citizenscanchangetheworld.可知只需要记住玛格丽特米德曾说过，“永远不要怀疑一小群深思熟虑和承诺的公民可以改变世界。”根据句意，故填remember。考点：考查阅读填空。23
