课时提能练(十二)必修3 Unit2 HealthyeatingA：知识层面Ⅰ.语境语法填空A(考查派生词)WangFeiworksasa1．consultant(consult)inanoverseascompany,notsimplybecauseEnglishisher2．strength(strong),butalsobecauseforeigncultureshaveinspiredher3．curiosity(curious).Sheoftenputsforwardideasthatare4．beneficial(benefit)tothecompany'sbusinessanddevelopment.A5．combination(combine)oftalent,hardworkandgoodlookshastakenhertothetopofherprofession.However,sheadmitsthatshehasherown6．weaknesses(weak).Shehasbeentryingtoovercomethemsoastoachievegreatersuccess.B(考查动词)Myunclehelpspeopletostaystrongandhealthyatafitnesscentreby7．combining(combine)physicaltrainingwithahealthylifestyle.He8．consults(consult)withthetraineesbeforedesigningtrainingprograms.Usuallytheamountofexerciseforeachtraineeperday9．islimited(limit)toanhour.Exercisingimmediatelyaftermealsisforbiddenaspeopleneedtoallowtheirfood10．todigest(digest).Healsorecommendsthateverytraineeattachimportanceto11．balancing(balance)workandlife.Hesayseatingproperfoodsandavoidingunhealthyhabitsaresupposed12．tobenefit(benefit)alot.C(考查句型)Jackhasn'tturnedupyet.Whatcould13．havehappened(happen)tohim?Hiswifesaysthathelefthomethreehoursago,soheoughttobeherebynow.Wehavetriedphoninghim,butjustcan'tgetthrough.Someonesayshismobilephonemust14．havegone(go)outoftheservicearea.Nothingcouldbe15．worse(bad)！Theworkwouldhavetobedelayedifhe16．were(be)absent，fornobodyinourcompanycanbe17．moresuitable(suitable)forit.Howcanthebosshavesuchathing18．happening(happen)？Justimagineit!Ⅱ.语境短文改错(短文中有5处错误)LiPinusedtobefailureasafisherman.Thingswerefartootoughforhim.Therewasatimewhenpovertyalmostdrovehimforcrime.Laterhesetaboutdoingbusiness,sellcheapgoodslikesnacksandtoys.Itwaslongafterhemadeasmallfortune.Withthemoneyheearned,heranasmallrestaurantwithfishandshellfishasits\nspecialties.Thistime,hisbusinesswasagreatlysuccess.BeforelongLiPinbecamesowealthythatheboughtabighouseandanexpensivecar.【答案】 LiPinusedtobefailureasafisherman.Thingswerefartootoughforhim.Therewasatimewhenpovertyalmostdrovehimcrime.Laterhesetaboutdoingbusiness,cheapgoodslikesnacksandtoys.Itwaslonghemadeasmallfortune.Withthemoneyheearned,heranasmallrestaurantwithfishandshellfishasitsspecialties.Thistime,hisbusinesswasasuccess.BeforelongLiPinbecamesowealthythatheboughtabighouseandanexpensivecar.Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子1．他躺着一夜没睡，思考着那个问题。Helayawakeallnight，thinkingabouttheproblem．2．——你觉得这个计划怎么样？——我非常同意你的看法。这个计划切实可行。—Whatdoyouthinkoftheplan?—Ican'tagreemore．It'spractical.3．请你按我的方法做这个实验好吗？WillyoupleasedotheexperimentthewayIdo?4．我们不允许有人总是迟到。Wecan'thavepeoplearrivinglateallthetime.5．这些问题虽然很棘手，但是我们真的有办法解决。Althoughtheseproblemsaretough，theydohavesolutionstothem．B：能力层面Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·武昌区高三年级调研考试)Researchersaregenerallydividednotonlyonwhatcausesobesity，butalsoonwhywefeelhungryandoftenfailtostayonadiet.Theconventionalthinking，heldbythemajorityofresearchersandcliniciansI'veinterviewedovertheyears，isthatobesityiscausedbyextracalories.Theyrefertoitasan“energybalance”disorder，andsothetreatmentistoconsume\nlessenergy(fewercalories)andexpendmore.Whenwefailtomaintainthisgoal，theimplicationisthatwesimplylackwillpowerorselfdiscipline.Theminority'spositioninthisfield—onethatDr.Ludwigholds，asdoIafteryearsofreporting—isthatobesityisactuallyahormonalregulatorydisorder，andthehormone(激素)thatdominatesthisprocessisinsulin(胰岛素)．Itdirectlylinkswhatweeattotheaccumulationofextrafatandthat，inturn，istiedtothefoodswelongforandthehungerweexperience.It'sbeenknownsincethe1960sthatinsulinsignalsfatcellstoaccumulatefat，whiletellingtheothercellsinourbodytoburncarbohydrates(碳水化合物)forfuel.Ifyoupromoteinsulinlevelsevenalittle，saysDr.RobertLustig，apediatricendocrinologistattheUniversityofCalifornia，SanFrancisco，thebodywillswitchoverfromburningfatforfueltoburningcarbohydrates，bynecessity.“Themoreinsulinyourelease，themoreyouneedcarbs，”hesaid.“Onceyou'reexposedtoalittlecarbohydrate，yougetaninsulinrisefromit.Andyoucompensatebyparticularlygettinghungryformorecarbohydrate.Ahighinsulinleveldrivesathirstforcarbs.”Theresultisthatevenabiteoratasteofcarbohydraterichfoodscanstimulateinsulinandcreateahunger—athirst—forevenmorecarbohydrates.“There'snoquestioninmymind，”saysDr.Lustig，“thatoncepeoplewhoare‘carboholics’gettheirinsulinlevelsdown，theybecomelessfondofcarbs.Andiftheyfalloffthewagonandstarteatingcarbs，theygorightbacktowheretheywerebefore.I'veseenthatinnumerouspatients.”【语篇解读】 本篇文章主要从大多数人的观点和少数人的观点两个方面对导致肥胖症的原因以及人们感到饥饿和经常没有坚持节食的原因进行了介绍和分析。1．Whatkindofproblemcausespeople'senergyunbalanceaccordingtotraditionalthinking?A．Thepsychologicalproblem.B．Thebiologicalproblem.C．Thesocialproblem.D．Themedicalproblem.A [细节理解题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Whenwefailtomaintainthisgoal，theimplicationisthatwesimplylackwillpowerorselfdiscipline”可知，传统的观念认为，当我们不能保持吃得少且消耗得多这个目标时，就意味着我们缺乏意志力或自律能力。由此可知，传统观念将人们的能量不均衡归结于心理方面的因素。故选A。]\n2．Whatdoestheauthorthinkleadstoobesity?A．Surpluscalories. B．Highinsulinlevels.C．Lackofexercise. D．Lowhormonelevels.B [细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“onethatDr.Ludwigholds，asdoIafteryearsofreporting—isthatobesityisactuallyahormonalregulatorydisorder，andthehormone(激素)thatdominatesthisprocessisinsulin(胰岛素)”以及第五段第一句中的“Themoreinsulinyourelease，themoreyouneedcarbs”可知，作者认为肥胖实际上是一种激素调节紊乱，主导这一过程的激素是胰岛素，并且释放的胰岛素越多，人体就越需要碳水化合物，这样就会让肥胖的可能性增加。故选B。]3．AccordingtoDr.Lustig，takingcarbohydraterichfoodmayresultin________．A．fataccumulation B．desireformorefoodC．fatconsumption D．lessinsulinreleasingB [推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“Theresultisthatevenabiteoratasteofcarbohydraterichfoodscanstimulateinsulinandcreateahunger—athirst—forevenmorecarbohydrates”可知，即使食用少量富含碳水化合物的食物也会刺激胰岛素，进而让人渴求甚至更多的含有碳水化合物的食物。由此可推知，答案选B。]4．Whatmayresearchersofbothsidesthinkimportantinfightingobesity?A．Trainingourwillpower.B．Keepingenergybalance.C．Stayingonachosendietconsistently.D．Maintaininghormonalregulatoryorder.C [推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中的“thetreatmentistoconsumelessenergy(fewercalories)andexpendmore”和第三句话的内容以及第六段Dr.Lustig所说的“Andiftheyfalloffthewagonandstarteatingcarbs，theygorightbacktowheretheywerebefore”可推知，在对抗肥胖症的过程中，两种观念都主张选择一种不会引起肥胖的饮食结构，并坚持下去。故选C。]B(2020·云南省高中毕业生复习统一检测)PangHuiplacedafewmorepairsofchopsticksonthetableforafamilydinner，thoughshedidnotexpectherbigfamilyofsevenwouldusethemasservingchopsticks.Surprisingly，her75yearoldfather，whousedtoshrugofftheideaofserving\nchopsticks，becameafirmsupporterthistime，saidPang，40，fromBeihai，acoastalcityofSouthChina'sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.Chinesepeopleoftensharedishes，anddinersusetheirownchopstickstoservethemselvesfoodfromtheshareddishes，atraditionnowbeingchallengedbytheoutbreakofCOVID19．“Wefeelasenseofcrisisaswellastheurgetodesertouroldhabitswhenweseereportsoffamilyinfections，”Pangsaid，pointingtothereportsofthevirusspreadingviadropletsandclosecontact.Localgovernmentsarehelpingtoencourageashift，too.OnFeb.13，2020，localauthoritiesofBeihaistartedacampaignpromotingservingchopsticksandspoons，whichwillavoidcrossinfectioncausedbytheuseofpersonalchopsticks.SimilarmeasureswerealsoadoptedinothercitieslikeBeijing，ShanghaiandHangzhou.TaizhouCityinEastChina'sJiangsuProvinceevenstandardizedthecoloursofservingchopsticksandspoonstohelpdinersdifferentiate(区分)themfrompersonalones.Thepracticeofeatingwildanimalshasbeentargetedbythegovernment，whichremainspresentincertainareas.Chinastoppedtheillegaltradingandtransportationofwildanimalsshortlyaftertheoutbreak.ThemovebecameapermanentbanonFeb.24，2020，whenthecountrymadeadecisiononthoroughlyprohibiting(禁止)theillegaltradingofwildlifeandtheconsumptionofwildanimals.LiBo，withtheHainanInternationalCenterforWildlifeProtection，saidwildanimalconsumptioncouldleadtothefasterextinctionofparticularspecies，damagetheecologicalbalanceandharmpeople'shealth.“Theepidemic(流行病)couldbecomeaturningpointtoeliminatethebadhabit，”Lisaid.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了新冠肺炎爆发带来的改变，包括提倡使用公筷以及禁食野生动物等。5．WhatcanwelearnaboutPangHui'sfamilyfromthetext?A．Thereareusuallymorethansevenpeoplediningtogether.B．Theyhavestartedtouseservingchopsticksattable.C．PangHui'sfatheropposesusingservingchopsticks.D．Theydon'tknowhowtoavoidbeinginfectedbythevirus.B [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“PangHuiplacedafewmorepairsofchopsticks\nonthetableforafamilydinner”可推知，庞慧家里已经开始在餐桌上使用公筷，故选B。]6．Accordingtothetext，whathasbeendonebythegovernment?A．Sharingdisheshasbeenabandoned.B．Crossinfectionhasbeenprevented.C．Eatingwildanimalshasbeenforbidden.D．Standardpersonalchopstickshavebeenadopted.C [细节理解题。根据第八段中的“thecountrymadeadecisiononthoroughlyprohibiting(禁止)theillegaltradingofwildlifeandtheconsumptionofwildanimals”可知，中国政府已经全面禁止食用野生动物，故选C。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Explain. B．Discover. C．Form. D．Remove.D [词义猜测题。根据第九段中的“wildanimalconsumptioncouldleadtothefasterextinctionofparticularspecies，damagetheecologicalbalanceandharmpeople'shealth”可知，食用野生动物可能加速某种物种的灭绝，破坏生态平衡而且对人的健康有害，由此可知，食用野生动物是一种陋习，并结合画线词所在句和语境可知，这种流行病可能成为消除这种陋习的转折点，故选D。]8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ServingChopsticksPromotedB．WaystoHelpPeopleStayHealthyC．TheOutbreakofCOVID19LeadstoChangeD．ChinaBansTradingofWildlifeC [标题判断题。本文以新冠肺炎爆发后，庞慧一家使用公筷引出话题，接着下文中讲到了政府在饮食方面推出的一些新政，这都是新冠肺炎爆发带来的改变，故C项最适合作本文的标题。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·湖南省六校联考试题)TryThisatHome!Areyoulookingforanewpastimethatwillcreateabalancebetweenphysicalactivityandrelaxation?Thenyogamaybetheperfectchoiceforyou.Yogacanbepracticedbypeopleofallagesandlevelsoffitness.1It'sagreatwaytostrengthenyourmusclesandbecomemoreflexible.\nInthe1930s，twoIndians，SriK．PattabhiJoisandT．Krishnamacharya，developedoneofthemostpopularformsofyogapracticedworldwidetoday.TheyworkedtogetherusinganancienttextcalledYogaKoruntatocreateasetofyogamovementsandbreathingexercises.2Ashtangaisdifferentfromotherformsofyoga.Itisaverypowerfulformofaerobic(有氧的)exercisewhichcreatesdeepheatinthebody.3Inotherformsofyoga，however，theroutinecanchangeeachtimeandthestretchingexercisesaren'taerobic.4Aswellasmakingyoustrongerandmoreflexible，itcanalsohelpyoutostaycalm.Byfocusingonyourbreathingwhiledoingphysicalexercise，youareabletogetabalancebetweenthemindandbody.Inaddition，yogahelpstomakeushealthiersowearelesslikelytogetcommonillnesseslikecolds.Furthermore，yogaencouragesyoutothinkaboutwhatyou'redoing.Oftenyouwillcloseyoureyeswhiledoingcertainmovements.5Afterafewlessonsyou'llstoplookingatwhattheothersaroundyouaredoing.Youwillstopcomparingyourselfwithothersandstartfocusingonyourself.A．Itcanalsobedoneanywhereatanytime.B．Theresultoftheircooperationwasashtangayoga.C．Whateverkindofyogayouchoose，therearemanylongtermbenefits.D．Thisallowsyoutoconcentratebetteranditmakesyoulesscompetitive.E．Everytimesomeonepracticesashtanga，heorshedoesexactlythesamemovements.F．Ifyou'reinterestedinyogaandcanfindaclassnearyou，thenitmightbeanexcusetotravel.G．Recently，ithasbecomeextremelycommonforbeginnersaswellasadvancedyogastudentstogoonyogaholidays.【语篇解读】 瑜伽是平衡体育活动和休息的绝佳选择。二十世纪三十年代，两个印度人创造了当今最受欢迎的阿斯汤加瑜伽，其不同于其他形式的瑜伽，它是一种强有力的有氧运动。各种类型的瑜伽都对身心有长期的益处。1．A [空前一句表明瑜伽适合不同年龄和健康状况不同的人，A项中的“canalsobe”与空前一句中的“canbe”相呼应。A项“它(瑜伽)也可以随时随地做”符合语境，衔接上文。]2．B [空处所在段讲述了两个印度人合作创建了一组瑜伽的动作和呼吸运动，故B项“他们合作的成果是阿斯汤加瑜伽”符合语境，衔接下一段开头的“Ashtanga”。]3．E [空前一句是对阿斯汤加瑜伽的介绍，\n空后一句又表述其他形式的瑜伽每次的动作都可以改变，故E项表述“每次练习时阿斯汤加瑜伽的动作都一样”符合语境，衔接上下文。]4．C [空处是该段的主题句。通读本段可知，本段主要讲述了瑜伽对身体的益处。故C项符合语境。]5．D [根据下文的“you'llstoplookingatwhattheothersaroundyouaredoing...startfocusingonyourself”可知，练习瑜伽能让你注意力集中，开始关注自身，而不再关注周围的人在干什么，故D项符合语境。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·洛阳市上学期尖子生第一次联考)NewYorkissamplingsomeofthedelicacies(佳肴)thatpopupintheoffice，eitherwhenstaffersreturnfromChina1．________whenthegoodiesarecookedrighthere.Therearetheannualholidayservingsofbaoziandjiaozianda2．________(various)oftreatscontainingbeanpaste.Theyallhaveuniquetastes.ThisweekIgottotrysomethingnew:gojiberries，also3．________(know)aswolfberries，alongwithcookietypetreatsbasedonthebrightfruit.HuHe，oneofChinaDaily'swebsiteeditorscurrently4．________(work)inNewYork，gavemeandothercolleagueseachasupply5．________gojiberries.AndIenjoyedtheentirebottleinafewdays.Gojihasbeenregardedasa6．________(tradition)healthsupplementbyChinesepeople.Inrecentyears，thedemandforgojihasbeenrisingandwe7．________(see)increasingnumbersofbuyersfromoverseas.WhyamIgoingonaboutgojiberries?Itturnsoutthattheyhavemanyprettygoodhealth8．________(benefit)：Theycontainantioxidants(抗氧化物)9．________helpfightcancer；theysupposedlycanhelpimproveeyesight，reducebloodpressure，controlcholesterol(胆固醇)andimprovecirculation.Oneotherclaimaboutgojiberries10．________(be)thattheycanraiseyourmetabolism(新陈代谢)，whichcontributestoweightloss.【语篇解读】 枸杞被中国人认为是一种传统的补品，对人的健康有巨大的好处。近年来，枸杞的海外购买者的数量在不断增加。1．or [考查连词。分析句子结构以及句中的“either”可知，此处表示选择关系。故填连词or。]2．variety [考查词性转换。根据空前的“a”和空后的“of”可知，此处应用名词，avarietyof意为“各种各样的”。]3．known [考查非谓语动词。此处表示枸杞浆果也被称为枸杞子，\n动词know与其逻辑主语gojiberries构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式。]4．working [考查非谓语动词。此处的“oneof...inNewYork”作HuHe的同位语，动词work与其逻辑主语HuHe构成主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。]5．of [考查介词。asupplyof意为“一定量的”，为固定用法。]6．traditional [考查形容词。此处所填的词修饰其后的名词词组“healthsupplement”，故应填形容词。]7．haveseen [考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Inrecentyears”并结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语为we，故填haveseen。]8．benefits [考查名词的单复数。根据空前的“many”以及空后所列举的好处可知，此处表示不止一个好处。故填名词的复数形式。]9．that/which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为antioxidants，表示物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用that/which。]10．is [考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时，该句的主语为“Oneotherclaim”，为单数形式，谓语动词应用单数。故填is。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·惠州市第二次调研)Duringtheholiday，ItriedanewwaytoexploretheForbiddenCity，whereleftmewithdeepimpression.Toavoidwastetimebuyingaticketonthespot，Imadeareservationonline.Igotmyticketfromamachinewithoutdifficultyandstarttheexploration.Iwasdeepattractedbythegrandarchitecture.Tomyexcited，IcouldscantheQRcodestogetdetailedinformations.WiththeVRglasseson，Ievenfoundmebacktothetimewhenthepalacewasunderconstruction.Howimpressive!IfoundtheForbiddenCitybothtraditionalormodernbecauseofourhistoryismadealivehere.【答案】 Duringtheholiday，ItriedanewwaytoexploretheForbiddenCity，leftmewithdeepimpression.Toavoidtimebuyingaticketonthespot，Imadeareservationonline.Igotmyticketfromamachinewithoutdifficultyandtheexploration.Iwasattractedbythegrandarchitecture.Tomy，IcouldscantheQRcodestogetdetailed.WiththeVRglasseson，Ieven\nfoundbacktothetimewhenthepalacewasunderconstruction.Howimpressive!IfoundtheForbiddenCitybothtraditionalmodernbecauseourhistoryismadealivehere.
