课时提能练(二十九)必修5 Unit15 Learning(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·广州市调研测试)Sleep，consideredaluxurybymany，isessentialforaperson'swellbeing.Researchershavefoundthatinsufficientsleepandtirednessincreaseaperson'sriskofdevelopingseveremedicalconditions，suchasobesity(肥胖症)，highbloodsugarlevels，andheartdisease.Now，anewstudyhasfoundthatgettingsufficientsleepisalsothekeytoimprovingacademicperformance.JeffreyGross，theuniversityscienceprofessorwholedtheresearch，wasnottryingtofindtherelationshipbetweensleepandgradeswhenhehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass.Instead，theprofessorhopedthewristworndevices，whichtrackaperson'sphysicalactivity，wouldshowaconnectionbetweenexerciseandacademicachievements.WhileGross'sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors，thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising.Astheresearcherswereanalyzingtheirdata，theynoticedthattherewasalinear(线性的)relationshipbetweentheaverageamountofsleepthestudentsgotandtheirresultsinthecourse's11quizzes，threemidtermtests，andthefinalexam.Evenmoreinteresting，itwasnotsufficientforstudentstojustheadtobedearlythenightbeforeatest.Instead，it'sthesleepyougetduringthedayswhenlearningishappeningthatmattersmost.Whenstudentswenttobedeachnightwassimilarlyimportant.Thosewhowenttobedintheearlyhoursofthemorningperformedpoorly，evenifthetotalsleeptimewasthesameasahigherperformingstudent.“Whenyougotobedmatters，”Grosssays.“Ifyougotobedat10，or12，or1atnight，andsleepforsevenhours，yourperformanceisthesame.Butifyougotobedafter2，yourperformancestartstogodownevenifyougetthesamesevenhours'sleep.So，quantityisn'teverything.”Perhapsthemostinterestingwasthehugeimpactthatsmalldifferencesinsleeppatternshadonthestudents'grades.Theoverallcoursegradesofstudentsaveragingsixandahalfhoursofsleepeachnightwere25%lowerthanstudentswhoaveragedjustonehourmoresleep.Similarly，studentswhovariedtheirbedtimebyevenonehoureachnighthadgradesthatdropped45%belowthosewithmoreregularbedtime.WhoknewgettingstraightA'sjustrequiredsomeextrasleep?\n【语篇解读】 一项新的研究发现，每天在恰当的时间段内进行充足的睡眠是提高学业成绩的关键。1．Basedonhisoriginalobjective，whichbestdescribesProfessorGross'sresearchfindings?A．Accidental. B．Complete.C．Convincing. D．Doubtful.A [细节理解题。根据第二段的内容以及第三段第一句“WhileGross'sdatashowednorelationshipbetweenthesetwofactors，thestudyfoundsomethingsurprising”可知，Gross给自己班里的100名学生分发智能手表是打算研究运动与学业成绩之间的联系，但是Gross搜集到的数据没有表明二者之间的联系，不过该研究有意外的发现。故选A。]2．Whowerethepeopletakingpartinthestudy?A．Middleschoolchemistrystudents.B．Volunteersfromdifferentuniversities.C．ProfessorGross'sownstudents.D．Universitystudentathletes.C [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“hehandedoutsmartwatchestothe100studentsinhischemistryclass”可知，参加研究的是Gross自己的学生。故选C。]3．HowdidProfessorGross'steammeasurestudents'academicperformance?A．Makingthestudentswearspecialwatches.B．Usingstudents'universityentrancetestresults.C．Givingthestudentsregularquizzesafterclass.D．Usingthestudents'normaltestandquizgrades.D [细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Astheresearcherswereanalyzingtheirdata...theirresultsinthecourse's11quizzes,threemidtermtests，andthefinalexam”可知，当研究人员分析他们的数据时，他们注意到学生的平均睡眠时间与他们在这门课的11次小测验、3次期中考试和期末考试中的成绩之间存在线性关系。由此可知，Gross教授的团队是使用学生平常的测试与小测验成绩来衡量学生的学业表现的。故选D。]4．Basedonthestudy'sfindings，whoislikelytoperformbestacademically?A．Astudentwhohasagoodnight'ssleepthenightbeforeanimportanttest.B．Astudentwhosenormalbedtimevariesbetween9p．m.and12p．m.C．Astudentwhosleepsfrom11p．m.to6a．m.eachday.D．Astudentwhosleepsforatotalof7hourseachnight.C [\n推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，什么时候去睡觉很重要，如果你晚上10点、12点或1点睡觉，睡7个小时，你的表现是一样的；但是如果你在2点以后睡觉，即使你同样睡了7个小时，你的表现也会开始下降。且根据第六段最后一句可知，有规律的就寝时间也很重要。由此可推知，每天从晚上11点睡到早上6点的学生，其学业表现可能最好。故选C。]【干扰项分析】 根据第四段第一句中的“itwasnotsufficient...beforeatest”可知，A项错误。B(2020·山东省一模)Headsup!Acrossthecountry，sportsinjuriesareasafetyconcernforyoungathletes.Now，theAmericanMedicalAssociation(AMA)hasanewsetofguidelinesaimedatprotectingplayersfromthedangerofconcussions—seriousinjuriescausedbyablowtothehead.“Byraisingawarenessoftheseriousrisksassociatedwithconcussionsandensuringthattheappropriateguidelinesareinplace，wecanreducethenumberofyoungathleteswhomayreturntothegametoosoon，whichcanputtheirhealthatfurtherrisk，”saidAMABoardMemberJackResneckJr.，M.D.，inastatement.Thepolicyrecommendsthatyoungathleteswhomayhaveaconcussionbetakenoffthefieldassoonaspossible.Then，theyareonlytoreturntotheirsportwithadoctor'swrittenapproval.Thepolicyalsosetsagespecificrulesforhealthcareprofessionalsandathleticorganizationsinevaluatingandcaringforathleteswhohaveconcussions.AccordingtotheCentresforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)，aconcussionisatypeoftraumatic(创伤的)braininjurycausedbyabump，blow，orjolttotheheadorhittothebodythatcausestheheadandbraintomoverapidlybackandforth.Thistypeofmovementcancausethebraintobouncearoundortwistinsidetheskull(颅骨)．Itcandamagebraincellsandcreatechemicalchangesinthebrain.TheCDCsaysthatbetween1.6millionand3.8milliontraumaticbraininjuriescausedbysportsandrecreationrelatedactivitiesoccurintheU．S.everyyear.AstudyfromtheCenterforInjuryResearchandPolicyshowedthatasmanyas40%ofhighschoolathletesreturntoplayingbeforetheyshould.TheAMA'snewguidelinesshouldhelptobringthosenumbersdown.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。美国医学会制定了一套旨在使运动员免受脑震荡危险的指导方针。5．WhydoestheAMAsetthenewguidelines?A．Toraisesafetystandardsofsports.B．Toprotectathletesfromconcussions.\nC．Tosetrulesforhealthcareevaluation.D．Tohelpplayersreturntothegamequickly.B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“theAmericanMedicalAssociation(AMA)hasanewsetofguidelinesaimedatprotectingplayersfromthedangerofconcussions”可知，美国医学会制定新的指导方针是为了使运动员免受脑震荡危险。]6．Whatshouldyoungathleteswhomayhaveaconcussiondo?A．Avoidusingthehead.B．Leavethefieldforever.C．Gettreatmentintime.D．Switchtoanothersport.C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thepolicyrecommendsthatyoungathleteswhomayhaveaconcussionbetakenoffthefieldassoonaspossible.Then，theyareonlytoreturntotheirsportwithadoctor'swrittenapproval”可知，可能有脑震荡的年轻运动员应该尽快离开赛场，并且只有在拥有医生的书面批准后他们才能返回赛场参加体育运动，故可推知他们应该接受及时的治疗。]7．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．Whataconcussionis.B．Whatcausesdamagetobraincells.C．HowtheCDCworks.D．Howaconcussioncanbeprevented.A [段落大意题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是“aconcussionisatypeoftraumatic(创伤的)．..backandforth”可知，本段主要介绍了脑震荡是一种由头部的撞击、重击、震动或身体撞击造成的脑部创伤。故选A。]8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．RulesforSaferPlayB．SportsInjuriesintheU．S.C．AdvicetoAthletesD．NewPoliciesforDoctorsA [标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“theAmericanMedicalAssociation(AMA)hasanewsetofguidelinesaimedatprotectingplayersfromthedangerofconcussions”可知，本文主要介绍美国医学会制定了旨在使运动员免受脑震荡危险的指导方针，故A项作本文标题最佳。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·贵阳市四校联合考试四)Therearealwayssomeunforgettablethingsinone's\nlife.Andindeed，mymostunforgettableexperiencehappenedaftermygraduation.“Everythinghappensforthebest”，mymothersaidwheneverIfaced__1__.“Ifyou__2___on，somethinggoodwillhappensomeday.”Motherwasright，asI__3__aftergraduatingfromcollege.I__4__tobeasportsannouncer.SoIwenttoChicagotoknockonthedoorofeverystationandwas__5__everytime.Inonestation，akindladytoldmethat__6___stationswouldn'temployapersonwithout__7__.“Sinceyouhavejustgraduated，findasmallstationthatmightgiveyouachance，”shesaid.IreturnedtoDixon，whereIhadfinishedmyhighschooleducationandhad__8___fortheschoolfootballteam.Myfathersaidthatourtownhadbuiltastoreandwantedamanto__9__itssportsdepartment.Thejobsoundedjust__10__formebutIwasn'thired.Mydisappointmenthad__11__again.“Everythinghappensforthebest.”Mom__12___me.Dadlentmehiscartolookforajob.ItriedWOCinDavenport.Theprogramdirectortoldme__13___hadalreadyhireda(n)__14___.AsIlefthisoffice，Iaskedaloud，“__15___canafellowgettobeasportsannouncerifhecan'tgetajobinaradiostation？”Suddenly，Iheardthedirector__16__，“Doyouknowanythingaboutfootball？”Thenhemademestandbeforeamicrophoneandaskedmeto__17___animaginarygame.Itwaseasy，andIdiditwithout__18__.Thedirectorwas__19___andtoldmeIwouldbebroadcastingagameonthe__20___Saturday.【语篇解读】 我的母亲总是对我说，一切都会好起来的。我大学毕业后想做一名体育运动广播员，可是由于没有工作经验，我四处碰壁。在达文波特WOC电台求职时，主管终于给了我一次试播的机会，我一举成功。1．A.disappointment B．excitementC．encouragement D．sadnessA [根据下文中的“Mydisappointment”并结合语境可知，此处表示在我面临失望时，我的妈妈总是安慰我说，一切都会好起来的，如果你继续坚持，终有一天好事会发生。]2．A.putB．take C．move D．carryD [参见上题解析。carryon为固定搭配，意为“继续做，坚持干”。]3．A.recoveredB．discovered C．recognized D．developedB [根据该句中的“Motherwasright”和下文我求职四处碰壁而终获成功可知，在我大学毕业后我发现(discovered)妈妈的话是对的。]4．A.started B．determined\nC．seemed D．agreedB [根据语境和空后一句表述的我为此四处求职可知，我决心做一名体育运动广播员。]5．A.invited B．promisedC．turneddownD．turnedupC [根据下文中的“youhavejustgraduated，findasmallstation”可知，大的电台不招聘没有经验的人，据此可推知，我去芝加哥每一个电台求职，但每次都被拒绝了；C项意为“拒绝”，故C项正确。]6．A.largeB．all C．no D．smallA [参见上题解析。]7．A.experienceB．examinationC．agreement D．graduationA [参见第5题解析。]8．A.played B．sought C．votedD．foughtA [根据该句中的“fortheschoolfootballteam”可知，我加入校足球队参赛；play意为“参加比赛”，故A项正确。]9．A.own B．manage C．report D．enterB [根据语境可知，我父亲说我们镇上建了一家百货商店，想要一个人来管理它的体育部。]10．A.rightB．possible C．successful D．importantA [根据该句中的“butIwasn'thired”并结合语境可知，这项工作听起来很适合我，但是我还是没被录用；A项意为“合适的”，符合语境，故A项正确。]11．A.shownB．disappearedC．resulted D．turnedA [根据上文我没有被录用可知，我又面临失望了。A项意为“显示出，流露出”，符合语境，故A项正确。]12．A.wokeB．advised C．demanded D．remindedD [根据语境可知，当我失望时，妈妈提醒(reminded)我说，一切都会好起来的。]13．A.our B．they C．we D．she\nB [根据语境并结合上文中的“WOCinDavenport”可知，达文波特WOC电台的节目主管告诉我说他们已经聘用了一个广播员，故B项正确。]14．A.announcer B．directorC．manager D．sportsmanA [根据第二段及空后一句中的“asportsannouncer”可推知，此处指广播员，故A项正确。]15．A.WhatB．How C．Whenever D．WhereverB [根据语境可知，在我离开时，我大声问道，一个在广播电台找不到工作的家伙怎样才能成为体育运动广播员。故B项正确。]16．A.calling B．answeringC．broadcasting D．announcingA [根据上文中的“Iaskedaloud”，并结合该句中的“Suddenly，Iheardthedirector”可知，针对我大声地提问，主管大声说，“你了解足球吗？”A项意为“大声说”，符合语境，故A项正确。]17．A.makeB．act C．broadcastD．playC [根据该句中的“Thenhemademestandbeforeamicrophone”可推知，然后他让我站到麦克风前广播一场想象中的比赛。C项意为“广播”，故C项正确。]18．A.permission B．difficultyC．doubt D．considerationB [根据该句中的“Itwaseasy”可推知，广播一场想象中的比赛对于我来说没有困难。]19．A.moved B．sorry C．thankful D．satisfiedD [根据该句中的“andtoldmeIwouldbebroadcastingagame”可推知，主管对我的表现感到满意，让我在下周六广播一场比赛。]20．A.futureB．coming C．last D．lateB [参见上题解析。B项意为“即将发生的，下一个的”，故B项正确。]课时提能练(三十)必修5 Unit15 Learning(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A\n(2020·武昌区高三年级调研考试)Researchersaregenerallydividednotonlyonwhatcausesobesity，butalsoonwhywefeelhungryandoftenfailtostayonadiet.Theconventionalthinking，heldbythemajorityofresearchersandcliniciansI'veinterviewedovertheyears，isthatobesityiscausedbyextracalories.Theyrefertoitasan“energybalance”disorder，andsothetreatmentistoconsumelessenergy(fewercalories)andexpendmore.Whenwefailtomaintainthisgoal，theimplicationisthatwesimplylackwillpowerorselfdiscipline.Theminority'spositioninthisfield—onethatDr.Ludwigholds，asdoIafteryearsofreporting—isthatobesityisactuallyahormonalregulatorydisorder，andthehormone(激素)thatdominatesthisprocessisinsulin(胰岛素)．Itdirectlylinkswhatweeattotheaccumulationofextrafatandthat，inturn，istiedtothefoodswelongforandthehungerweexperience.It'sbeenknownsincethe1960sthatinsulinsignalsfatcellstoaccumulatefat，whiletellingtheothercellsinourbodytoburncarbohydrates(碳水化合物)forfuel.Ifyoupromoteinsulinlevelsevenalittle，saysDr.RobertLustig，apediatricendocrinologistattheUniversityofCalifornia，SanFrancisco，thebodywillswitchoverfromburningfatforfueltoburningcarbohydrates，bynecessity.“Themoreinsulinyourelease，themoreyouneedcarbs，”hesaid.“Onceyou'reexposedtoalittlecarbohydrate，yougetaninsulinrisefromit.Andyoucompensatebyparticularlygettinghungryformorecarbohydrate.Ahighinsulinleveldrivesathirstforcarbs.”Theresultisthatevenabiteoratasteofcarbohydraterichfoodscanstimulateinsulinandcreateahunger—athirst—forevenmorecarbohydrates.“There'snoquestioninmymind，”saysDr.Lustig，“thatoncepeoplewhoare‘carboholics’gettheirinsulinlevelsdown，theybecomelessfondofcarbs.Andiftheyfalloffthewagonandstarteatingcarbs，theygorightbacktowheretheywerebefore.I'veseenthatinnumerouspatients.”【语篇解读】 本篇文章主要从大多数人的观点和少数人的观点两个方面对导致肥胖症的原因以及人们感到饥饿和经常没有坚持节食的原因进行了介绍和分析。1．Whatkindofproblemcausespeople'senergyunbalanceaccordingtotraditionalthinking?A．Thepsychologicalproblem.B．Thebiologicalproblem.C．Thesocialproblem.\nD．Themedicalproblem.A [细节理解题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Whenwefailtomaintainthisgoal，theimplicationisthatwesimplylackwillpowerorselfdiscipline”可知，传统的观念认为，当我们不能保持吃得少且消耗得多这个目标时，就意味着我们缺乏意志力或自律能力。由此可知，传统观念将人们的能量不均衡归结于心理方面的因素。故选A。]2．Whatdoestheauthorthinkleadstoobesity?A．Surpluscalories. B．Highinsulinlevels.C．Lackofexercise. D．Lowhormonelevels.B [细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“onethatDr.Ludwigholds，asdoIafteryearsofreporting—isthatobesityisactuallyahormonalregulatorydisorder，andthehormone(激素)thatdominatesthisprocessisinsulin(胰岛素)”以及第五段第一句中的“Themoreinsulinyourelease，themoreyouneedcarbs”可知，作者认为肥胖实际上是一种激素调节紊乱，主导这一过程的激素是胰岛素，并且释放的胰岛素越多，人体就越需要碳水化合物，这样就会让肥胖的可能性增加。故选B。]3．AccordingtoDr.Lustig，takingcarbohydraterichfoodmayresultin________.A．fataccumulation B．desireformorefoodC．fatconsumption D．lessinsulinreleasingB [推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“Theresultisthatevenabiteoratasteofcarbohydraterichfoodscanstimulateinsulinandcreateahunger—athirst—forevenmorecarbohydrates”可知，即使食用少量富含碳水化合物的食物也会刺激胰岛素，进而让人渴求甚至更多的含有碳水化合物的食物。由此可推知，答案选B。]4．Whatmayresearchersofbothsidesthinkimportantinfightingobesity?A．Trainingourwillpower.B．Keepingenergybalance.C．Stayingonachosendietconsistently.D．Maintaininghormonalregulatoryorder.C [推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中的“thetreatmentistoconsumelessenergy(fewercalories)andexpendmore”和第三句话的内容以及第六段Dr.Lustig所说的“Andiftheyfalloffthewagonandstarteatingcarbs，theygorightbacktowheretheywerebefore”可推知，在对抗肥胖症的过程中，两种观念都主张选择一种不会引起肥胖的饮食结构，并坚持下去。故选C。]\nB(2020·云南省高中毕业生复习统一检测)PangHuiplacedafewmorepairsofchopsticksonthetableforafamilydinner，thoughshedidnotexpectherbigfamilyofsevenwouldusethemasservingchopsticks.Surprisingly，her75yearoldfather，whousedtoshrugofftheideaofservingchopsticks，becameafirmsupporterthistime，saidPang,40，fromBeihai，acoastalcityofSouthChina'sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.Chinesepeopleoftensharedishes，anddinersusetheirownchopstickstoservethemselvesfoodfromtheshareddishes，atraditionnowbeingchallengedbytheoutbreakofCOVID19.“Wefeelasenseofcrisisaswellastheurgetodesertouroldhabitswhenweseereportsoffamilyinfections，”Pangsaid，pointingtothereportsofthevirusspreadingviadropletsandclosecontact.Localgovernmentsarehelpingtoencourageashift，too.OnFeb.13,2020，localauthoritiesofBeihaistartedacampaignpromotingservingchopsticksandspoons，whichwillavoidcrossinfectioncausedbytheuseofpersonalchopsticks.SimilarmeasureswerealsoadoptedinothercitieslikeBeijing，ShanghaiandHangzhou.TaizhouCityinEastChina'sJiangsuProvinceevenstandardizedthecoloursofservingchopsticksandspoonstohelpdinersdifferentiate(区分)themfrompersonalones.Thepracticeofeatingwildanimalshasbeentargetedbythegovernment，whichremainspresentincertainareas.Chinastoppedtheillegaltradingandtransportationofwildanimalsshortlyaftertheoutbreak.ThemovebecameapermanentbanonFeb.24,2020，whenthecountrymadeadecisiononthoroughlyprohibiting(禁止)theillegaltradingofwildlifeandtheconsumptionofwildanimals.LiBo，withtheHainanInternationalCenterforWildlifeProtection，saidwildanimalconsumptioncouldleadtothefasterextinctionofparticularspecies，damagetheecologicalbalanceandharmpeople'shealth.“Theepidemic(流行病)couldbecomeaturningpointtoeliminatethebadhabit，”Lisaid.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了新冠肺炎爆发带来的改变，包括提倡使用公筷以及禁食野生动物等。5．WhatcanwelearnaboutPangHui'sfamilyfromthetext?\nA．Thereareusuallymorethansevenpeoplediningtogether.B．Theyhavestartedtouseservingchopsticksattable.C．PangHui'sfatheropposesusingservingchopsticks.D．Theydon'tknowhowtoavoidbeinginfectedbythevirus.B [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“PangHuiplacedafewmorepairsofchopsticksonthetableforafamilydinner”可推知，庞慧家里已经开始在餐桌上使用公筷，故选B。]6．Accordingtothetext，whathasbeendonebythegovernment?A．Sharingdisheshasbeenabandoned.B．Crossinfectionhasbeenprevented.C．Eatingwildanimalshasbeenforbidden.D．Standardpersonalchopstickshavebeenadopted.C [细节理解题。根据第八段中的“thecountrymadeadecisiononthoroughlyprohibiting(禁止)theillegaltradingofwildlifeandtheconsumptionofwildanimals”可知，中国政府已经全面禁止食用野生动物，故选C。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Explain.B．Discover. C．Form. D．Remove.D [词义猜测题。根据第九段中的“wildanimalconsumptioncouldleadtothefasterextinctionofparticularspecies，damagetheecologicalbalanceandharmpeople'shealth”可知，食用野生动物可能加速某种物种的灭绝，破坏生态平衡而且对人的健康有害，由此可知，食用野生动物是一种陋习，并结合画线词所在句和语境可知，这种流行病可能成为消除这种陋习的转折点，故选D。]8．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ServingChopsticksPromotedB．WaystoHelpPeopleStayHealthyC．TheOutbreakofCOVID19LeadstoChangeD．ChinaBansTradingofWildlifeC [标题判断题。本文以新冠肺炎爆发后，庞慧一家使用公筷引出话题，接着下文中讲到了政府在饮食方面推出的一些新政，这都是新冠肺炎爆发带来的改变，故C项最适合作本文的标题。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·湖南省六校联考试题)\nTryThisatHome!Areyoulookingforanewpastimethatwillcreateabalancebetweenphysicalactivityandrelaxation?Thenyogamaybetheperfectchoiceforyou.Yogacanbepracticedbypeopleofallagesandlevelsoffitness.__1__It'sagreatwaytostrengthenyourmusclesandbecomemoreflexible.Inthe1930s，twoIndians，SriK．PattabhiJoisandT．Krishnamacharya，developedoneofthemostpopularformsofyogapracticedworldwidetoday.TheyworkedtogetherusinganancienttextcalledYogaKoruntatocreateasetofyogamovementsandbreathingexercises.__2__Ashtangaisdifferentfromotherformsofyoga.Itisaverypowerfulformofaerobic(有氧的)exercisewhichcreatesdeepheatinthebody.__3__Inotherformsofyoga，however，theroutinecanchangeeachtimeandthestretchingexercisesaren'taerobic.__4__Aswellasmakingyoustrongerandmoreflexible，itcanalsohelpyoutostaycalm.Byfocusingonyourbreathingwhiledoingphysicalexercise，youareabletogetabalancebetweenthemindandbody.Inaddition，yogahelpstomakeushealthiersowearelesslikelytogetcommonillnesseslikecolds.Furthermore，yogaencouragesyoutothinkaboutwhatyou'redoing.Oftenyouwillcloseyoureyeswhiledoingcertainmovements.__5__Afterafewlessonsyou'llstoplookingatwhattheothersaroundyouaredoing.Youwillstopcomparingyourselfwithothersandstartfocusingonyourself.A．Itcanalsobedoneanywhereatanytime.B．Theresultoftheircooperationwasashtangayoga.C．Whateverkindofyogayouchoose，therearemanylongtermbenefits.D．Thisallowsyoutoconcentratebetteranditmakesyoulesscompetitive.E．Everytimesomeonepracticesashtanga，heorshedoesexactlythesamemovements.F．Ifyou'reinterestedinyogaandcanfindaclassnearyou，thenitmightbeanexcusetotravel.G．Recently，ithasbecomeextremelycommonforbeginnersaswellasadvancedyogastudentstogoonyogaholidays.【语篇解读】 瑜伽是平衡体育活动和休息的绝佳选择。二十世纪三十年代，两个印度人创造了当今最受欢迎的阿斯汤加瑜伽，其不同于其他形式的瑜伽，它是一种强有力的有氧运动。各种类型的瑜伽都对身心有长期的益处。1．A [空前一句表明瑜伽适合不同年龄和健康状况不同的人，A项中的“canalso\nbe”与空前一句中的“canbe”相呼应。A项“它(瑜伽)也可以随时随地做”符合语境，衔接上文。]2．B [空处所在段讲述了两个印度人合作创建了一组瑜伽的动作和呼吸运动，故B项“他们合作的成果是阿斯汤加瑜伽”符合语境，衔接下一段开头的“Ashtanga”。]3．E [空前一句是对阿斯汤加瑜伽的介绍，空后一句又表述其他形式的瑜伽每次的动作都可以改变，故E项表述“每次练习时阿斯汤加瑜伽的动作都一样”符合语境，衔接上下文。]4．C [空处是该段的主题句。通读本段可知，本段主要讲述了瑜伽对身体的益处。故C项符合语境。]5．D [根据下文的“you'llstoplookingatwhattheothersaroundyouaredoing...startfocusingonyourself”可知，练习瑜伽能让你注意力集中，开始关注自身，而不再关注周围的人在干什么，故D项符合语境。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·洛阳市上学期尖子生第一次联考)NewYorkissamplingsomeofthedelicacies(佳肴)thatpopupintheoffice，eitherwhenstaffersreturnfromChina1._________whenthegoodiesarecookedrighthere.Therearetheannualholidayservingsofbaoziandjiaozianda2.________(various)oftreatscontainingbeanpaste.Theyallhaveuniquetastes.ThisweekIgottotrysomethingnew:gojiberries，also3.________(know)aswolfberries，alongwithcookietypetreatsbasedonthebrightfruit.HuHe，oneofChinaDaily'swebsiteeditorscurrently4.________(work)inNewYork，gavemeandothercolleagueseachasupply5.________gojiberries.AndIenjoyedtheentirebottleinafewdays.Gojihasbeenregardedasa6.________(tradition)healthsupplementbyChinesepeople.Inrecentyears，thedemandforgojihasbeenrisingandwe7.________(see)increasingnumbersofbuyersfromoverseas.WhyamIgoingonaboutgojiberries?Itturnsoutthattheyhavemanyprettygoodhealth8.________(benefit)：Theycontainantioxidants(抗氧化物)9.________helpfightcancer；theysupposedlycanhelpimproveeyesight，reducebloodpressure，controlcholesterol(胆固醇)andimprovecirculation.Oneotherclaimaboutgojiberries10.________(be)thattheycanraiseyourmetabolism(新陈代谢)，whichcontributestoweightloss.【语篇解读】 枸杞被中国人认为是一种传统的补品，对人的健康有巨大的好处。近年来，枸杞的海外购买者的数量在不断增加。\n1．or [考查连词。分析句子结构以及句中的“either”可知，此处表示选择关系。故填连词or。]2．variety [考查词性转换。根据空前的“a”和空后的“of”可知，此处应用名词，avarietyof意为“各种各样的”。]3．known [考查非谓语动词。此处表示枸杞浆果也被称为枸杞子，动词know与其逻辑主语gojiberries构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式。]4．working [考查非谓语动词。此处的“oneof...inNewYork”作HuHe的同位语，动词work与其逻辑主语HuHe构成主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。]5．of [考查介词。asupplyof意为“一定量的”，为固定用法。]6．traditional [考查形容词。此处所填的词修饰其后的名词词组“healthsupplement”，故应填形容词。]7．haveseen [考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Inrecentyears”并结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时，且主语为we，故填haveseen。]8．benefits [考查名词的单复数。根据空前的“many”以及空后所列举的好处可知，此处表示不止一个好处。故填名词的复数形式。]9．that/which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为antioxidants，表示物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用that/which。]10．is [考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时，该句的主语为“Oneotherclaim”，为单数形式，谓语动词应用单数。故填is。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·惠州市第二次调研)Duringtheholiday，ItriedanewwaytoexploretheForbiddenCity，whereleftmewithdeepimpression.Toavoidwastetimebuyingaticketonthespot，Imadeareservationonline.Igotmyticketfromamachinewithoutdifficultyandstarttheexploration.Iwasdeepattractedbythegrandarchitecture.Tomyexcited，IcouldscantheQRcodestogetdetailedinformations.WiththeVRglasseson，Ievenfoundmebacktothetimewhenthepalacewasunderconstruction.Howimpressive!IfoundtheForbiddenCitybothtraditionalormodernbecauseofourhistoryismadealivehere.[答案] Duringtheholiday，ItriedanewwaytoexploretheForbiddenCity，leftmewithdeepimpression.Toavoidtimebuyingaticketonthespot，I\nmadeareservationonline.Igotmyticketfromamachinewithoutdifficultyandtheexploration.Iwasattractedbythegrandarchitecture.Tomy，IcouldscantheQRcodestogetdetailed.WiththeVRglasseson，Ievenfoundbacktothetimewhenthepalacewasunderconstruction.Howimpressive!IfoundtheForbiddenCitybothtraditionalmodernbecauseourhistoryismadealivehere.Ⅴ.书面表达(2020·历城二中月考)假设你是中学生李华，你的美国笔友Chris得知你校正在积极开展“绿色校园行”活动，他非常感兴趣，便写信给你，希望你介绍相关情况。请根据以下提示给他写一封回信。1．简单介绍开展“绿色校园行”活动的目的；2．介绍你校开展“绿色校园行”活动的主要做法(如减少资源浪费、鼓励废旧物回收利用、垃圾分类等)；3．表达希望了解美国学校如何开展类似活动，并征求建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：绿色校园行GreenCampusCampaign；垃圾分类wasteclassificationDearChris，____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua[参考范文] Dear_Chris，I'mgladtoreceiveyourlastletteraskingabouttheGreenCampusCampaigninourschool.Nowletmetellyousomethingaboutthemeaningfulevent.Aimingtocreateagreencampuswhichisbeneficialtousphysicallyandmentally,\nourschoolcarriedouttheGreenCampusCampaign,whichencouragestherecyclingofwastematerials,reductionofthewasteofresourcesandwasteclassification.Sincethecampaignwascarriedout,allthestudentsagreethattheconceptof“greencampus”doesnotonlymeanagreenenvironmentbutalsoreferstoanenvironmentalsenseinpeople'smind,sowedecidetostartfromsmallthingsaroundus，startfromourselves,andmakeanefforttohelpcreateagreencampus.Ifyourschoolalsoholdssuchactivities,pleasetellmeaboutthem.Iwillappreciateitifyouoffersomesuggestions.I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，Li_Hua
