（全国卷）2021届高考英语模拟题强化训练4（含解析）Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2020·合肥市高三第二次诊断检测]Peopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries,buthowaboutthewesternworlditself?Surprisingly,acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmile;theydoit,sometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Asmileisnotjustapowerfulmarketingtoolbutalsoawaytoshowthatsomeoneisfriendly,andthatlifeingeneralisfine.Europeans,onthecontrary,prefertokeepamoreneutral(不带感情色彩的)facialexpression.Theysmilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood,orfeelamused;ifnot,aEuropean'sfacewillremainneutral,orevendull.InRussia,forexample,thereisaproverbsayingthatlaughingfornoreasonisasignofafool.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious,orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumor.Thesamereferstocommunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelycommunicative;smalltalksandchatsarecommon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay,andrarelyentercommunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully,consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward,evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicehisopinionondifferentoccasions,andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopenminded,flexible,andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically;butatthesametime,Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect,which,inmostcases,isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice,butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatecommunication,sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans,onthecontrary,aremorestraightforward,preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofcommunicationisdifferent—neitheriscorrectorincorrect.1．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling?A．Itisculturerelatedwithinwesterncountries.B．Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.C．ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.D．ItisregardedasasocialnecessityinEurope.2．WhatistypicalofEuropeans'communication?A．Beatingaroundthebush.B．Hayingsmalltalksandchats.C．Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D．Expressingthemselvesopenly.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Beingstraightforward.B．Beingpoliticallycorrect.C．Acceptingeverythingnew.D．Raisingunbelievableconservatives.4．Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B．Bymakingcomparisons.-6-\nC．Byclassifyingbodylanguage.D．Bydiscussingresearchfindings.B[2020·昆明市“三诊一模”高考模拟考试]AtaDal.kommCoffeeshopinSeoul,arobottakesordersfromyouthroughamobileapporatouchscreenandthenmakesfreshcoffee.Coffeeisjustoneofthemanyindustriesthatuseautomated(自动化的)servicesinthistechnologicallyforwardthinkingnation.Othersincluderestaurants,foodstores,banksandmanufacturers.ThedevelopmentcomesasmanyKoreans,especiallytheyoung,arestrugglingtofindwork.Justthisweek,workerswhooperateabout2,500largecranes(吊车)atbuildingsiteswentonstrike.Theywereagainstthegrowinguseofroboticsmallcranesforbuilding.OtherlaborunionsalsohaveopposedtheuseofautomateddevicesinsteadofhumanworkersatEmart,SouthKorea'sbiggestfoodstoregroup.SouthKoreanofficialsalsochangedplanstocompletelyautomatethenation'sroadfeecollectionsystem.Theyactedafterreceivingblameforcutting6,700jobs.Instead,thesystemwillbepartlyautomatedandkeepallitsexistinghumanfeecollectors.SouthKoreahadthehighestpercentageofrobotstohumanworkersintheworldin2017.TheInternationalFederationofRoboticssaysSouthKoreahas710robotsforevery10,000manufacturingworkers.Theinternationalaverageis85robotsper10,000employees.SouthKorea'slowestpermittedworkerwagehasincreasedby27.3%overthelasttwoyears.Thishasledmorebusinessestocutlaborcostsbyusingautomation,saysSuhYongGuoftheBusinessSchoolatSookmyungWomen'sUniversityinSeoul.Evenwiththejoblosses,SouthKorea'sbusinessesarereplacingemployeeswithautomationandyoungpeoplearewelcomingthechange.Suhsaid,“Nowadays,millennials—thosewhowerebornafter1980—areprimeconsumers.Thisgenerationtendsnottolikemeetingotherpeople,sotheyfavortechnologythatenablespeopletominimizefacetofaceinteractions.”5．Whydidconstructionworkersgoonstrikethisweek?A．6,700workershadbeenoutofwork.B．Theyfearedbeingreplacedbyrobots.C．Theirwageswerecutdownby27.3%.D．Theirdemandforapayrisewasrefused.6．WhatdoweknowabouttheyounggenerationinSouthKorea?A．They'relesscompetitiveinthemodernworld.B．They'revictimsofmodernhightechnology.C．They'reunwillingtocommunicatefacetoface.D．They'restronglyagainsttheuseofautomation.7．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．SouthKoreaproducedthemostrobotsin2017.B．Humanfeecollectorsarepartlyreplacedbyrobots.C．Robotshavetakentheplaceofhumansinbuilding.D．It'sstillcontroversialtomakefulluseofrobots.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．RobotsMadeTheirFirstAppearanceinCafésB．KoreansAreReadyforChallengesfromRobotsC．Automation:aDoubleedgedSwordintheJobMarketD．SouthKorea:aLeadingCountryinTechnologyⅡ.七选五[2020·泰安市高三二轮复习质量检测]Ifyoulookaroundthestreetsof-6-\nLondon,you'llseethemanymethodspeopleusetomovearound.__1__Nowthere'sanewaddition:electric,orescooters(电动滑板车)．Thistraditionalchildren'svehiclehasbecomemorecomplicatedovertheyears.Andnow,withtheadditionofasmallelectricmotor,it'sbecomeacheapandeasymodeoftransport.Scootingaroundtowncanbefunanddoesn'tinvolvemucheffort.__2__ButconsideringaccidentsinvolvinganelectricscooterintheUK,questionsarebeingaskedabouttheirsafetyandwhethertrafficlawsshouldbechanged.ManyescooterridersintheUKbrokethelaw.Somehavebeenseenonpavements;othersontheroadjumpingredtrafficlights,addingtothefrustrationofmotoristsstuckinjams.IntheUK,thelawstatesthatridingoneonthepublichighwayorpavementisforbidden.But,despitethis,itseemstheincreasingpopularityofescootersmeanstheycanbeseeneverywhere.__3__TheUKgovernmentislookingathowsafelytheycanbeusedontheroadandis“reviewing”thelaw.Butitstransportminister,MichaelEllis,hastoldtheBBCthat:“Micromobilityproductsareappearingincountriesacrosstheglobeandareanexcitinginnovationforwhichweknowthereisdemand.__4__”__5__Despitethefactthatsomeofthemcanexceed30mph,theysometimesonlyhaveonebrakeandnolights.Howeverconfidenttheridermaybe,largervehiclesontheroadmakethemunprotected.Soitseemsmoreworkneedstobedonetogiveescootersasafeandlegalspacetotravelin.A．Theroadsarealreadycrowded.B．Wearemainlyaftereconomicbenefits.C．PeopleseldomseeescooteraccidentsintheUK.D．However,safetymustalwaysbeourtoppriority.E．Andnowusersarecallingonregulationstobechanged.F．There'snodoubttherearedangersinridingatwowheeledscooter.G．It'snowonderthey'rebecomingincreasinglypopularincitiesaroundtheworld.Ⅲ.短文改错[2020·郑州市第三次质量检测]OnMother'sDay,Tomstoppedhiscaroutsideaflower'sshop.Hewantedtoordersomeniceflowersandaskashoptodeliverthemtohismother.Hewasabouttoentertheshopwhilehesawalittlegirlcryingbytheroadside.Tomaskedherforwhathadhappened.Thegirlsaidshewantedtobuyaroseforhermother,andhadnomoney.Hearingthis,Tomwentinandboughtabeautifullyroseforthegirl.Thenheofferedtodriveherhome,butsheinsistedshewasgoingtoanothertownbybustosendtherosetomother.Tomwassotouchingthathechangedhismind.Afterdrivinghertothebusstation,hereturnedtotheshop,buyalargebunchofflowers,anddroveallthewaytohismother's.Hewouldgivetheflowerstohismotherwithperson.-6-\n2021年高考英语模拟题重组强化训练(四)Ⅰ.A语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——社会文化——西方国家间的文化差异[文章大意] 本文主要介绍了西方国家间的文化差异，包括微笑和交流等方面。1．答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。作者在第二段中讲到了美国人、欧洲人对微笑的不同解读，据此可以推知，在西方国家笑是与文化有关的，故A项正确。2．答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Europeansaremorestraightforward...takeashower”可知，欧洲人通常坦诚地表达自己，故选D。A项意为“绕圈子，拐弯抹角地讲话”。3．答案与解析：B'考查代词指代。画线词前的“Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect,which，inmostcases,isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice”与后面的“messupdailyorevenprivatecommunication”存在转折关系，又结合语境可推知，it指代的应该是美国人的这种政治正确性，故选B。4．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。通读全文可知，作者通过分析美国人和欧洲人对微笑的不同解读以及通常在交际中的不同表现来展开文章，因此可推知，作者是通过作比较展开文章的，故选B。B语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——现代科技——自动化服务的利与弊[文章大意] 本文主要介绍了韩国推出机器人冲泡咖啡服务，及随着自动化技术的发展，自动化设备取代人工也导致大量工人失业，进而导致工人们的罢工和抗议。即使自动化会造成人失业，韩国企业仍在用自动化代替人工，而年轻人对这一变化表示欢迎。5．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。根据第二段第一、二句“Justthisweek,workerswhooperateabout2,500largecranes(吊车)atbuildingsiteswentonstrike.Theywereagainstthegrowinguseofroboticsmallcranesforbuilding”可推断出，建筑工人们罢工是因为建筑工地越来越多地使用小型机器人吊车进行建筑，他们害怕失业。故选B。6．答案与解析：C'考查细节理解。根据最后一段最后两句“Suhsaid,‘Nowadays,millennials－thosewhowerebornafter1980－areprimeconsumers.Thisgenerationtendsnottolikemeetingotherpeople,sotheyfavortechnologythatenablespeopletominimizefacetofaceinteractions.’”可知，韩国的年轻人不喜欢面对面的交流。故选C。7．答案与解析：D'考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“Evenwiththejoblosses,SouthKorea'sbusinessesarereplacingemployeeswithautomationandyoungpeoplearewelcomingthechange”可知，自动化技术导致了人失业，但是，韩国的企业还在用自动化取代员工，由此可推断出，充分利用机器人还是有争议的。故选D。干扰项分析：根据第四段第一句“SouthKoreahadthehighestpercentageofrobotstohumanworkersintheworldin2017”可知，A项与文章内容不符合；根据第三段最后一句“Instead,thesystemwillbepartlyautomatedandkeepallitsexistinghumanfeecollectors”可知，B项与文章内容不符合；根据常识可知C项“机器人已经取代了人类”与事实不相符合。8．答案与解析：C'考查标题判断。通读全文可知，在韩国，自动化技术的发展给人们的生活带来了便利，节约了成本，但同时也导致了大量工人的失业；自动化技术既受到人们的青睐，又导致了工人们的罢工，故C项“自动化：就业市场的双刃剑”最适合作本文的标题。Ⅱ.-6-\n[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了伦敦街头电动滑板车的兴起以及随之出现的安全问题。1．答案与解析：A'空格前说在伦敦街头，人们的出行方式各种各样；空格后说现在人们又有了新的出行方式——电动车或者电动滑板车。A项“路上已经很拥挤了”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。2．答案与解析：G'根据空格前说在城里骑电动滑板车很有趣，也不需要太费力气，这是电动滑板车的优势。G项“难怪它们在世界各地的城市越来越受欢迎”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。3．答案与解析：E'空格前说在英国，许多骑电动滑板车的人违反了交通规则；下文说英国政府正在研究电动滑板车在道路上使用的安全性，并正在审查相关法律。E项“现在，用户们呼吁修改法规”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。4．答案与解析：D'空格前说英国交通大臣接受BBC采访时说，微型移动产品正在全球各国出现，这是一项令人兴奋的创新，我们知道有这方面的需求。D项“然而，安全性必须始终是我们的头等大事”承接上文，符合语境。故选D。5．答案与解析：F'空格后说电动滑板车有时只有一个刹车装置，没有车灯。不管车手有多自信，路上更大的车辆都会让他们处于危险之中。F项“毫无疑问，骑两轮滑板车有危险”能引起下文，符合语境。故选F。Ⅲ.答案与解析：OnMother'sDay,Tomstoppedhiscaroutsideashop.Hewantedtoordersomeniceflowersandaskshoptodeliverthemtohismother.Hewasabouttoentertheshophesawalittlegirlcryingbytheroadside.Tomaskedherwhathadhappened.Thegirlsaidshewantedtobuyaroseforhermother,hadnomoney.Hearingthis,Tomwentinandboughtaroseforthegirl.Thenheofferedtodriveherhome,butsheinsistedshewasgoingtoanothertownbybustosendtherosetomother.Tomwassothathechangedhismind.Afterdrivinghertothebusstation,hereturnedtotheshop,alargebunchofflowers,anddroveallthewaytohismother's.Hewouldgivetheflowerstohismotherperson.①flower's改为flower 名词所有格误用。此处应用名词修饰名词，作定语。而使用名词所有格时，一般表示所属关系。②a改为the'冠词误用。shop不是第一次在语境中出现，故用定冠词修饰，表示特指。③while改为when'连词误用。beabouttodosth.when...“正要做某事时突然……”是固定用法，故用连词when。④删除for'介词多用。asksb.＋what从句是固定用法，故删除介词for。⑤and改为but'连词误用。根据语境可知，此处表转折，故用连词but。⑥beautifully改为beautiful'副词和形容词混用。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词rose，作定语。⑦mother前加her'代词漏用。根据上文中的“shewantedtobuyaroseforhermother”可知，此处缺少形容词性物主代词her。⑧touching改为touched'形容词误用。此处修饰人，表示“受感动”，应用touched，而touching一般修饰物，表示“感人的”。-6-\n⑨buy改为bought'动词时态误用。分析句子结构可知，此处和returned、drove并列作谓语，故用bought。⑩with改为in'介词误用。inperson“亲自”是固定搭配，故用介词in。-6-
