专题十三阅读理解A组 2022～2022模拟基础题Passage1 (2022·临沂调研)话题：水上作业词数：294StudentsfromFloridaInternationalUniversityinMiamiwalkedonwaterThursdayforaclassassignment.Todoit，theyworeaquatic(水上的)shoestheydesignedandcreated.AlexQuinoneswasthefirsttomakeittotheothersideofa175－footlakeoncampusinrecordtime—justoveraminute.Quinones，whoworeoversizedboat－likeshoes，alsowonlastyearandwillreceive$500.Studentshadtoweartheaquaticshoesandmakeitacrossthelakeinordertoearnan“A”ontheassignmentforArchitectureProfessorJaimeCanaves'MaterialsandMethodsConstructionClass.“It'straditionalinaschoolofarchitecturetodoboatsoutofcardboardforaboatrace.Ithoughtourstudentswerealittlebitmorespecialthanthat，”Canavessaid.“Wedecidedtodothewalkonwatereventtotakeittothenextlevel.”Atotalof79studentscompetedintheracethisyearin41teams.Only10teamsfailedtocrossthelake.Otherswhofellgotbackupandmadeittotheend.Theraceisopentoallstudentsandanyoneinthecommunity.Theyoungestpersontoeverparticipatewasa9－year－oldgirlwhocompetedinplaceofhermother，whiletheoldestwasa67－year－oldfemale.AlargecrowdoncampusjoinedCanavesashecheeredontheracers.Heshoutedencouragingwords，butalsolaughedassomeunsteadilymadetheirwaytotheend.“Apartofthisisforthemtohavemoreunderstandingofdesigningandmakeitworkbetter，”hesaid.Itisalsoalessoninlifeforthestudents.“Anything，includingwalkingonwater，ispossible，ifyoudothe\nresearch，testitandgothroughthedesignprocessseriously.【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了佛罗里达国际学院的学生为了完成作业，需穿自己设计的鞋在水上活动。1.WhichstatementaboutAlexQuinonesistrue?A.Hefinishedtheraceinlessthanaminute.B.Hewontheracewiththehelpof2boats.C.Hefailedtheracelastyear.D.Hesetanewrecordthisyear.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句的明确信息可选出答案。其它选项通过这一段的信息均可排除。答案 D2.Forwhatpurposedidthestudentstakepartintherace?A.Togoacrossthelaketoschool.B.Totesttheirbalanceonthewater.C.TopassProfessorCanaves'class.D.Towintheprizemoneyof$500.解析 细节理解题。由第三段的第一句“inordertoearnan“A”ontheassignmentforArchitectureProfessorJaimeCanaves”可知答案。答案 C3.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherace?A.Thestudentswhofellintothewaterhadtoquit.B.Morethan20teamsfailedtocrossthelake.C.Thestudentskeptsilentwhentheotherracerscompeted.D.Theyoungestcompetitorcompetedinsteadofhermother.解析 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句可知选项D正确。A、B选项通过这段信息可排除。根据第五段可知C表述不准确。答案 D4.AccordingtoCanaves，thisracecanhelpthestudents.A.understanddesigningbetterB.achievealmosteverything\nC.worktogetheranduniteasoneD.walkonthesurfaceofwater解析 细节理解题。通过第六段可知答案。答案 APassage2 (2022·潍坊期末)话题：黄石公园大火词数：250Startingin1972，theNationalParkServiceestablishedapolicyforforestfirescalledNaturalBurn.Itwasacknowledgedthatsomeforestfires，suchasthosecausedbylightning,werenecessaryforforeststomaintainbalancedecosystems，sothefireshouldbeallowedtoburn.However，abigfireinYellowstoneNationalParkin1988causedthispolicytobeabandonedsincethefirewasinitiallyallowedtoburnyetsoonoutofcontrol.Asaresult，thefireof1988destroyedmuchofYellowstone，whichisAmerica'soldestandmostbelovednationalpark.Massiveareasofplantsweredestroyed，andlargeemptyspacesandacresofburnedandblackenedtreesgreetedvisitors.Theriversandstreamswerechokedwithash，andtheecosystemoftheparkwaschangedbeyondrepair.Inaddition，greatnumbersofanimalswerekilledbythefiresthatburnedoutofcontrol.Thefiresweredrivenbyhighwinds，movingasmanyastenmilesaday.Manysmallanimalsdiedintheflames.Thefires'rapidadvancesgavethewildlifelittlechancetoescape.Eventoday，fewofthesesmallforestanimalshavereturnedtoliveinthepark.Intheyearsimmediatelyfollowingthefires，thenumbersofvisitorsdeclinedrapidly.Noonewasinterestedinseeingablackenedandtreelessparkonvacation.YellowstonehadpreviouslybeenfamousforitsamazingviewsanduniquegeologicalformationssuchasthegeyserOldFaithful.ButnowitsreputationasAmerica'swonderisdamagedpermanently.【语篇导读】 文章主要讲述了森林里NaturalBurn政策的终止，这源于黄石公园1988年的大火。(NaturalBurn：因自然现象而产生的森林之火可放任行之)1.NaturalBurnwasadoptedbecausesomeforestfireswere.\nA.hardtoputoutB.startedbylightningC.goodforthebalanceofnatureD.approvedbyNationalParkService解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第3行“tomaintainbalancedecosystems”可知。答案 C2.ThebigfireinYellowstonein1988.A.becameoutofcontrolatfirstB.destroyedtheparkcompletelyC.wasallowedtoburncontinuouslyD.broughtthenaturalburnpolicytoanend解析 细节理解题。由第一段第6行“...causedthispolicytobeabandoned”可知D项正确。答案 D3.Whyweresomanyanimalskilledinthebigfire?A.Becausewindswereblownfromhighplaces.B.Becausetheanimalsmovedonlytenmilesaday.C.Becausetheanimalslivedinlowerplaces.D.Becausestrongwindscontributedtothefirealot.解析 细节理解题。第二段中“Thefires'rapidadvancesgavethewildlifelittlechancetoescape.”可知答案。D项中的contributedto意为：导致。答案 D4.Thetextprobablycomesfrom.A.asciencefictionB.anewsreportC.acommercialadD.ageographymagazine解析 推理判断题。全文主要讲了黄石公园因火灾而发生的变化，故文章可能摘自地理杂志。A项：科幻小说；B项：新闻报道；C项：商业广告，均可排除。答案 DPassage3 (2022·河北衡水调研)话题：江南style\n词数：274Recently，SouthKoreanstarPSY's“Gangnamstyle”videohasbeenpopularontheInternet.Ithasbecomemostpeople'sfavoritemusic.Infact，thesonghassettheGuinnessWorldRecordforthemostpopularvideointhehistoryoftheInternet.Morethantwomillionpeoplehavesaid“like”sincethesongwasontheInternetonJuly15.PSY'sspecialdancemovesandfunnyhorseridingstylehaveattractedmanypeople.Althoughmanypeopledonotunderstandthelanguage，thevideohasbecomethetalkoftheInternet.Thesonghascometofirstplaceinthemusicchartsin31countries，includingtheUnitedStates，theUnitedKingdom，andCanada.“IjustsangformySouthKoreanfans.Ihaveneverexpectedittobepopularinothercountries，”PSYtoldthereportersonaconcert.ThesongwassopopularthatafewofSouthKorean'spoliticiansshowedPSY'smovestoattractsupporters.“Thesongcameoutinmid－July.ItsingsabouttherichlifeofSouthKorea—especiallyGangnaminSeoul，wherealotofrichpeoplelive.Millionsofpeoplehavewatchedthevideo.Manystars，suchasKatyPerry，RobbieWilliamsandNellyFurtadosaidthattheylovethesong.Thesestarsperformedpartofthesongatarecentconcert.Ridinghighonthesuccessof“GangnamStyle”，PSYwassignedbyScooterBrauntoBraun'sSchoolboyRecords，alabeldistributedbyUniversalRepublic.PSYhaswrittenmanyhitsongsofvaryingstylesfordifferentsingers.Priorto“GangnamStyle”hismostfamouscompositionperhapswasLeeSeungGi'sdebut(首次亮相)song“BecauseYouAreMyWoman”.【语篇导读】 本文主要讲述了朴载相(鸟叔)的《江南style》成为全民最受欢迎的歌曲。1.WhatmakesPSY's“GangnamStyle”thefamousmusicofmillionsofpeople?A.ThesonghassettheGuinnessWorldRecord.B.Thesonghascometofirstplaceinthemusicchart.C.Theylikethedancemovesandthehorseridingstyle.D.Theydon'tunderstandthewordsofthesong.\n解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知，这首歌特别的骑马动作及搞笑的骑马风格吸引了众多的人，故选C。答案 C2.WhydidsomeofSouthKorea'spoliticiansshowPSY”smoves?A.Theywantedtotellpeoplethattheywerealsofondofmusic.B.Theywantedpeopletosupportthem.C.TheywerePSY'sfans.D.TheylikedPSY'sdancingstyle.解析 细节理解题。通过第四段的最后一句可知B项正确。答案 B3.What's“GangnamStyle”about?A.Thewayofhorseriding.B.TherichlifeofpeopleofGangnaminSeoul.C.TheGuinnessWorldRecord.D.Theloveofstars.解析 细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知答案。答案 B4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.LifeoftheMusicStarPSYB.“GangnamStyly”—Mostpeople'sfavoriteMusicC.PSY'sFamousCompositionsD.Meaningof“GangnamStyle”解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，可知本文的重点是放在歌曲《江南style》上，尤其是第一段便点出了文章的文眼，故选B。答案 BPassage4 (2022·长沙市高考模拟)话题：GrannyLook网站词数：335Christmas，EasterandBirthdaypartiescanbedifficulttimesforgrandmothersandparentsastheyrusharoundtryingtoarrangetheperfectcelebrationormaking\neveryoneashappyaspossible!What'sbetterthanabirthdaypartythatmakesyourgrandchildsmilethroughoutoracelebrationthatimpressesrelativesandclosefriends?ThatiswhyGrannyLookhassuppliedinthissection，oneofthemostcomprehensiveguidestomakingthesespecialoccasionsthathappenperhapsonceayeararealsuccess.FromaselectionofAdventCalendarstopartyplanningorChristmas－stockingfillerswehaveallthepossibilitiescoveredsothatyourchildrenandgrandchildrenwillreallyhaveamemorabletimewithattractivegiftsandoriginalideas.Bringthatfestivespirittoallthosetraditionaldays，andensureyouarealwaysreadyforanypossibility.GrannyLook'sextensivelinksareboundtomakeeveryspecialoccasionanentirelydifferentexperiencefromtheyearbeforeandalloweveryonetofeelentertainedandcontent.CHRISTMAS－STOCKINGFILLERSLOOKnofurther！！GrannyLookhelpsthefamilytoprepareintimeforFATHERCHRISTMAS.GiveSANTACLAUSsomeideas.Hecanfillallthechildren'sChristmas－stockingswithgoodies!UniqueChristmasgiftsforchildren－stockingfillers.AGrannyLookfavorite!ADVENTCALENDARSAllchildrenlovethebuild－uptoCHRISTMAS!WhatisbetterthanchoosingoneofGrannyLook'sselectionofAdventCalendars!HereyouwillfindalistofwebsitestobuytraditionalorfunAdventCalendarsforchildrenatChristmastime.AGrannyLookfavorite!BIRTHDAYSLOOKINGforaSPECIALBIRTHDAYGIFT?ExploreGrannyLook'sselectionofPRESENTS，PARTYPLANNING，PARTYTOYSandPARTYGAMESforyourChildrenandGrandchildren'sBIRTHDAYS.PlanandorganizetheKIDDIE'SPARTIESaheadoftime！！Don'tforgetthePERSONALISEDINVITATIONS!CHRISTMAS\nLOOKandBOOKnow！！GrannyLook'sselectionofCHRISTMASGIFTSforchildren.Someguidesto“What'soninyourarea”...forthekids.PANTOS，SHOWS，THEATRES...atChristmastime!UNIQUEChristmasgiftsforChildren.SpendQUALITYTIMEwithyourChildren'sChildrenthisFESTIVESEASON!【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了一个网站：GrannyLook。该网站的主要功能是帮助祖父母或者父母为一些诸如圣诞节、复活节、生日聚会等特别的场合做准备。1.Fromthetext，weknowthat“GrannyLook”is.A.apersonwhoguidesyoutomakeyouryearlycelebrationarealsuccessB.amagazinethathelpsthefamilytoprepareforspecialoccasionsC.acompanythatsellsallsortsofproductsontheInternetD.awebsitethathelpsyoutoprepareforspecialoccasions解析 结合第二段和ADVENTCALENDARS部分中的内容可知，GrannyLook是帮助人们为特别的场合做准备的网站。故答案选D。答案 D2.Thepurposeofthetextis.A.tomakechildrenhaveamemorableholidayB.toshowyouhowtoshopontheInternetC.togiveyousomeinformationaboutGrannyLookD.tointroducesomegoods解析 本文主要介绍了GrannyLook这个网站的一些相关信息。故答案选C。答案 C3.Ifyouwanttosendsomeinvitationstoyourdaughter'sclassmates，wherewillyousearchfortheinformation?A.AtBirthdays.B.AtAdventCalendars.C.AtChristmas－stockingfillers.D.AtChristmas.解析 根据文中BIRTHDAYS部分的最后一句话“Don'tforgetthePERSONALISEDINVITATIONS！”可知，要想给女儿的同学发请柬的话，\n可以在BIRTHDAYS部分寻找信息。故答案选A。答案 A4.YouwillfailtofindanyinformationatChristmaswhenyouneed.A.ChristmascardsB.funAdventCalendarsC.ChristmasgiftsD.ticketsfortheatres解析 根据文章CHRISTMAS部分的内容可知，文中没有提及“funAdventCalendars”。故答案选B。答案 B5.IfyoursonwantsatraditionalAdventCalendar，youshouldsearch.A.BirthdaysB.AdventCalendarsC.Christmas－stockingfillersD.Christmas解析 根据ADVENTCALENDARS部分中的“HereyouwillfindalistofwebsitestobuytraditionalorfunAdventCalendarsforchildrenatChristmastime.”可知，如果你儿子想要一个传统的基督降临日历，你应该去搜索AdventCalendars。故答案选B。答案 BPassage5 (2022·北京市朝阳区期末)话题：男士做饭词数：368Menarespendingmoreandmoretimeinthekitchenencouragedbycelebrity(名人)chefslikeGordonRamsayandJamieOliver，accordingtoareportfromOxfordUniversity.Theeffectofthecelebrityrolemodels，whohavegivencookingamoremanlypicture，hascombinedwithamoregeneraldrivetowardssexualequalityandmennowspendmorethantwicetheamountoftimepreparingmealsthantheydidin1961.AccordingtotheresearchbyProf.JonatahnGershuny，whorunstheCentreforTimeResearchatOxford，mennowspendmorethanhalfanhouradaycooking，upfromjust12minutesadayin1961.Prof.Gershunysaid，“Themaninthekitchenispartofamuchwidersocial\ntrend.Therehasbeen40yearsofsexualequality，butthereisanother40yearsprobablytocome.”Women，whoagenerationagospentnearlytwohoursadaycooking，nowspendjustonehourandsevenminutes—agreatfall，buttheystillspendfarmoretimeinthekitchenthanmen.Someexpertshavenamedthesemeninapronsas“Gastrosexuals(menusingcookingskillstoimpressfriends)”，whohavebeeninspiredtopickupakitchenknifebythesuccessofRamsay，OliveraswellasothermalecelebritychefssuchasHughFearnley－Whittingstall，MarcoPierreWhiteandKeithFloyd.“Iwasmarriedin1974.Whenmyfathercametovisitmeafewweekslater，IwaswearinganapronwhenIopenedthedoor.Helaughed，”saidProf.Gershuny.“Thatwouldneverhappennow.”Two－thirdsofadultssaythattheycometogethertoshareatleastthreetimesaweek，evenifitisnotnecessarilyaroundakitchenordiningroomtable.Prof.Gershunypointedoutthatthefamilymealwasnowrarelyeatenbyallofitsmembersaroundatable—withmany“familymeals”infacttakenonthesofainthesittingroom，andsharedbyfamilymembers.“Thefamilymealhaschangedalot，andfewofuseat—asIdidwhenIwasachild—atleasttwomealsadaytogetherasafamily.Butithassurvivedinadifferentformat.”【语篇导读】 本文主要讲述了男士做饭日益成为一种新的社会趋势。1.Whatisonereasonbehindthetrendthatmenspendmoretimecookingthanbefore?A.Theimprovementofcooks'status.B.Theinfluenceofpopularfemalechefs.C.Thechangeoffemale'sviewoncooking.D.Thedevelopmentofsexualequalitycampaign.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段可知：性别上的平等成为男士做饭的原因。A项指厨师地位的改善，在文中未体现；B项错在femalechefs(女厨)；C项未涉及。答案 D2.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthetimemenandwomenspendoncooking?A.Menspendmoretimecookingthanwomennowadays.\nB.Womenspendmuchlesstimeoncookingthanbefore.C.Itwilltake40yearsbeforemenspendmoretimeatthestovethanwomen.D.Thereisasharpdeclineinthetimemenspendoncookingcomparedwith1961.解析 细节理解题。根据第五段可知B项正确。答案 B3.HowdidProf.Gershunyseethefamilymealaccordingtothepassage?A.Ithasbecomeathingofthepast.B.Itisverydifferentfromwhatitusedtobe.C.Itshouldn'tbeadvocatedinmoderntimes.D.Itisbeneficialtothestabilityofthefamily.解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thefamilymealhaschangedalot，andfewofuseat—asIdidwhenIwasachild”可知B项正确。答案 B4.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheChangesofFamilyMealsB.EqualitybetweenMenandWomenC.CookingintoaNewTrendforMenD.Cooking—aThingofthePastforWomen解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，它主要讲述的是男士做饭是一趋势，故选C。A、B项过于片面；D项指做饭对女士而言已成过去，这与文章不符。答案 CPassage6 (2022·潍坊一模)话题：秀兰·邓波儿词数：230ShirleyTemple(1928—2022)，anAmericanactress，wasconsideredamongthemostsuccessfulchildstarsinthehistoryoffilm.Bornbyanambitiousmother，Templefirstappearedinafilmattheageofthree，andatsixshestarredinStandUpandCheer(1934).Knownandrecognizedforherabilitytosingand\ntapdanceinseveralfilms，Templebecameafamousfigurein1934.AttheendofthatyearshewasgivenaspecialAcademyAward“ingratefulrecognitionofheroutstandingcontribution.”DuringtheGreatDepressionofthe1930s，Templewascelebratedbyanadoringpublic.Attheheightofherpopularity，from1935to1938，Templewasthebiggestbox－officeattractioninHollywood.Templemadeanumberoffilmsasateenager，butherappealhadfaded，andthefilmswerenotsuccessful.In1949，TempledepartedelegantlyfromHollywood.Twodecadeslater，shereappearedintothespotlightbyannouncingherqualificationasacandidateforCongress.Shelosttheelection，butTempledisplayedherdeterminationandwentontoenjoyalongandsuccessfulcareerwiththeUnitedNationsandtheStateDepartment.Afterretirement，shereposedthatshewasatpeacewithherlifeandproudofheraccomplishmentsintwoofthenation'smostinfluentialareas.“IfIhadtodoitalloveragain.”ShirleyTempleoncedeclared，“Iwouldn'tchangeanything.”【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了曾是最有名的童星秀兰·邓波儿的一生。1.WhatdowelearnfromParagraph2?A.Templewasstillpopularin1949.B.Templewasafailureasachildstar.C.HollywoodmadeabigfortunebecauseofTemple.D.PeoplebecametiredofTempleintheGreatDepression.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Templewasthebiggestbox－officeattraction”可知C项正确。其它选项均可排除。答案 C2.Templeattractedpeople'sattentionagainwhen.A.sheenteredCongressB.sheworkedfortheUNC.shewentonwiththepoliticallifeD.sheannouncedtoparticipateintheelection解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知答案。\n答案 D3.WeknowfromthelastparagraphthatTemple.A.wantedtoleadadifferentlifeB.regrettedhavingleftHollywoodC.wascontentwithherexperiencesD.wassorryaboutherelectionfailure解析 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“proudof”及秀兰·邓波儿所说的话，我们得知她对她的过去很是满意。答案 C4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTemple?A.Specialandgenerous.B.Patientandsensitive.C.Attractiveandhumorous.D.Talentedanddetermined.解析 推理判断题。通过她在电影中的表现(尤其第一段第五行的叙述)我们可知秀兰·邓波儿的才华；根据倒数第二行的叙述可知她的决心。A项中的generous没有体现；C项中的humorous在文中也没依据可寻；B项更是如此。答案 DPassage7 (2022·黄冈期末)话题：巧克力词数：398Whenmostofushearthewordchocolate，theverbthatcomestomindisprobably“eat”，not“drink”，andthemostproperadjectivewouldseemtobe“sweet”.Butforabout90percentofchocolate'slonghistory，itwasstrictlyabeverage(饮料)，andsugardidn'thaveanythingtodowithit.TheOriginofChocolateManymodernhistorianshaveestimatedthatchocolatehasbeenaroundforabout2000years，butrecentresearchsuggeststhatitmaybeevenolder.InthebookTheTrueHistoryofChocolate，authorsSophieandMichaelCoeprovethattheearliestlinguistic(语言学的)evidenceofchocolateconsumptiondatesbackthreeorevenfourthousandyears.ValuableandFashionableChocolateBeverage\nIt'shardtodiscoverexactlywhenchocolatewasborn，butit'sclearthatitwascherishedfromthestart.Forseveralcenturiesinpre－modernLatinAmerica，cacaobeanswereconsideredvaluableenoughtouseascurrency.100beanscouldpurchaseagoodturkeyhen，accordingtoa16th－centuryAztecdocument.Sweetenedchocolatedidn'tappearuntilEuropeansdiscoveredtheAmericasandsampled(品尝)thenativecuisine.Chocolatedidn'tsuittheforeigners'tasteatfirst—onedescribeditinhiswritingsas“abitterdrinkforpigs”—butoncemixedwithhoneyorcanesugar，itquicklybecamepopularthroughoutSpain.Bythe17thcentury，chocolatewasafashionabledrinkthroughoutEurope，believedtohavenutritious，medicinalfunctions.Butitremainedlargelyaprivilegeoftherichuntiltheinventionofthesteamenginemademassproductionpossibleinthelate1700s.TheBirthofSolidChocolateIn1828，aDutchchemistfoundawaytomakepowderedchocolate.Hisproductbecameknownas“Dutchcocoa”，anditsoonledtothecreationofsolidchocolate.In1847，JosephFrycreatedthefirstmodernchocolatebar.By1868，alittlecompanycalledCadburywasmarketingboxesofchocolatecandiesinEngland.Milkchocolatehitthemarketafewyearslater.ProsperousChocolateIndustryInAmerica，chocolatewassovaluedduringtheRevolutionaryWarthatitwasusedinsteadofwages.Evennow，statisticsshowthatthehumblecacaobeanisstillapowerfuleconomicforce.Chocolatemanufacturingisamorethan4－billion－dollarindustryintheUnitedStates，andtheaverageAmericaneatsatleasthalfapoundofthestuffpermonth.【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。讲述了巧克力的简单历史。1.Theearliestchocolatewasmostprobably.A.adishB.adrinkC.abarD.acandy解析 细节理解题。根据首段可知，人们普遍认为巧克力是用来吃的，而且是很甜的，然而巧克力在发展史上大部分时间是一种苦涩的饮料。故选B。答案 B2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.\nA.thehistoryofchocolateisatmost4，000years.B.peoplearoundtheworldcouldbuythingswithchocolate.C.chocolatewaswellpaidattentiontosinceitwasborn.D.anAmericanatleasteatsapoundofchocolatepermonth.解析 推理判断题。根据第四段首句“...butit'sclearthatitwascherishedfromthestart”可知巧克力从诞生起就受到人们的珍爱。故选C。答案 C3.WhydidchocolatesuittheSpanish'stastesoquickly?A.Becausechocolatewassotastyandbitter.B.Becausechocolatewasbelievedtobeasourceofnutrition.C.Becausechocolatewassweetenedwithhoneyorcanesugar.D.Becausechocolatebecameafashionablebeverage.解析 推理判断题。由第五段的第二句“...butoncemixedwithhoneyorcanesugar，itquicklybecamepopularthroughoutSpain”可知巧克力饮料混合蜂蜜或蔗糖变甜以后，就迅速受到西班牙人的欢迎。故选C。答案 C4.Whichoneshowsthecorrectorderaccordingtothetimeoftheirappearing?A.chocolatebeverage→chocolatebar→chocolatecandies→milkchocolateB.chocolatebar→chocolatebeverage→chocolatecandies→milkchocolateC.chocolatebar→chocolatecandies→milkchocolate→chocolatebeverageD.chocolatebeverage→chocolatecandies→chocolatebar→milkchocolate解析 推理判断题。由文章叙述巧克力的历史过程可知巧克力饮料是最早的形式；再根据倒数第二段中三个事件发生的时间和最后一句可知A项是按时间顺序叙述巧克力的演变史。答案 APassage8 (2022·济宁一模)话题：蝙蝠词数：297Thesunissettingonasummernight.Attheentranceofadeep，darkcave，afewbatsflyout.Withinafewminutes，millionsandmillionsofbatsarepouringoutof\nthecave.Soundslikeascaryhorrormovie?Believeitornot，thisscenetakesplaceallsummerlong，atBrackenCaveinTexas，where20millionbatscomeouttofeedoninsectseverynight.“Itismagical，”saysJimKennedyofBatConservationInternationalinTexas.“Itisoneofthemostimpressiveanimalmovementsontheplanet.”EveryMarchorApril，Mexicanfree－tailedbatsmigrateupto1，600kilometersfromtheirwinterhomeinMexicototheirAmericanhomeinTexas，wheretheyraisetheiryoung.Soonaftertheyarrive，eachmothergivesbirthtoonebaby.Asmanyas500babybatscrowdinto30cubiccentimetersofspace，andallthosebodiescreatenicewarmtemperaturestokeepthemcozyandcomfortable.Ifyouhaveeverlostsightofyourparentsinacrowdedplayground，youmaybewonderinghowmotherbatsrecognizetheirchildren.Theyusetheirsenseofsmelltotellwhichbabyistheirswhenitistimeforthebabiestohavemilk.Whentwentymillionbatsflyoutofonecaveopening，theymakeacolumnsothickthattheyshowupontheradaratthenearbyairport.Itcantakethreehoursforallofthemtogetoutfromthecave.“Youcanfeelthebreezefromtheirwings，andseetheplantswaving，”saysKennedy.“Themovementofallthosewingsmakesaveryrelaxingsoftsound.I'vealwaysthoughtitwouldmakeagreatrelaxationmusictohelpyougotosleep.Somuchforbatsbeingscary！”【语篇导读】 文章主要讲述了在美国得克萨斯州迁徙后的蝙蝠出行捕食，抚育幼仔的情景，并告诉我们蝙蝠并非令人恐怖的动物。1.Thescenedescribedinthefirstparagraphtakesplacein.A.amovieB.acaveC.MexicoD.theUS解析 细节理解题。根据第二段“Texas”或第三段中“theirAmericanhomeinTexas”可知选项D正确。这一幕并非发生在洞穴内，故排除B。答案 D2.Whatmakesthesceneso“impressive”？A.Theentranceofadeep，darkcave.B.Thebatsfeedingoninsectsatnight.C.Thehugenumberofbatsflyingtogether.\nD.Ittakesplaceallsummerlong.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二行中“20millionbatscomeouttofeedoninsectseverynight”可知答案。答案 C3.BothParagraphs3and4aremainlyabout.A.whenandwherethebatsmigrateB.howyoungbatsareraisedC.whybabybatscrowdtogetherD.howmotherbatsfindtheirchildren解析 推理判断题。选项C是第3段内容；选项D是第4段的内容。但两者间有交叉点，即蝙蝠幼仔被养育的方式。答案 B4.Theunderlinedword“breeze”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto.A.lightwindB.hotairC.strongsmellD.blacksmoke解析 词义猜测题。根据该词后的“fromtheirwings”及“theplantswaving”可知breeze的含义(微风)。答案 A5.WhatdoesKennedymeanby“Somuchforbatsbeingscary！”？A.Somuchspaceisbeingoccupiedbybats!B.Batsaresomuchmorescarythanbefore!C.Neversaybatsarefrighteningagain!D.Somanybatsarebeingscaredaway!解析 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段，蝙蝠会给我们一些放松与美好，可知作者对蝙蝠恐怖一说是持否定的，故选C。“Somuchforbatsbeingscary”意为“蝙蝠恐怖的说法就到此为止吧”。答案 CPassage9 (2022·临沂模拟)话题：Anactofkindness词数：292\nMydaughterandIcollectedtheemptycansandbottlesinourhomethismorning.Wehad6fullgarbagebagslatersoIknewwewouldbespendingabitmoreoftimeattherecyclingcenter.Whenwegotthere，amanandhiskidswerealsodoingthemorningrecyclingandwereusingtwoofthefourmachinestorecycletheirplasticandcans.Luckily，wewereabletousethe2remainingmachines.Ofcourse，therewereothersthatcame，butwhentheysawthetwofamilieswithgarbagebagsfullofrecycledthings，theyquicklyleft.However，onewomancameinwithjust5cansandlookedasifshewasinahurry.SoIstoppedwhatIwasdoingandletherintorecyclehercans.Ofcourse，shewasgrateful，anditfeltgoodtolethergoaheadofme.Butthatwasnotthewholestory.MydaughterandIcontinuedtoworkthroughthebags，buttheplasticrecyclingmachinestoppedworkingbecauseitwasfull.Mydaughterwasleftwithnothingtodo.Theotherfamilywasstillusingtheothertwoplasticrecyclingmachines，butitseemedthattheywerealmostdone.Ijusttoldmydaughterwewouldhavetowaituntiltheyweredone.Butthemanoftheotherfamilycamethroughwithanotheractofkindness.Heofferedtoletusgoaheadofhim.Iwasreallysurprised，becausewehadmorethan5bottles，buthedidn'tseemtomind.Ihappilyacceptedit.Itwasgreattogiveandthentogetanactofkindnessinreturn.Itwassmall.Ididn'texpectit，butitsurelybrightenedupmyday.【语篇导读】 我与女儿去回收站加工处理生活废品。那儿共有4台机器，我和女儿各用一台。不一会儿一个行色匆匆的女士赶来，看她着急，我将自己的机器让与她。不曾想由于东西多，女儿的机器“罢工”了。这时，另一家人向我们伸出了“礼让之手”。1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Thewriterdidcollectingeverymorning.B.Thewriterusuallyhad6bagsofcanstorecycle.C.Therewerefourrecyclingmachinesinall.D.Mostpeopledidrecyclinginthemorning.解析 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后两句可知回收机器共有4台。答案 C2.Whydidthewriterletthewomanrecyclehercansfirst?\nA.Becausethereweremanyotherfamiliesthere.B.Becausethewomanseemedtobeinahurry.C.Becausethewriterwantedtohearastory.D.Becausethewomanwasverygrateful.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However，onewoman...SoIstopped...”可知原因为B。答案 B3.Whycouldn'tthewriterfinishherrecyclingintime?A.Becauseherdaughter'smachinestoppedworking.B.Becausetheotherfamilywasstillusingthemachines.C.Becauseshelettheotherfamilyusehermachinefirst.D.Becauseshehelpedrecycletheotherfamily'sbagsfirst.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句我们可知答案。答案 A4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto？A.Thekindness.B.Theoffer.C.Themachine.D.The5bottles.解析 代词指示题。“Ihappilyacceptedit”意为“我乐于接受他的提议”，根据前面的动词“offered”可推知。本题易误选A，应改为“theactofkindness”。答案 B5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetopicofthispassage?A.Agoodnameissoonerlostthanwon.B.Alittleisbetterthannone.C.Allmencannotbefirst.D.Onegoodturndeservesanother.解析 主旨大意题。本文讲述的是作者因帮助别人也受到了别人的帮助。故选D(善有善报)。答案 DPassage10 (2022·成都实验外国语学校月考)话题：道歉词数：286\nThereisaproblemeachofusfacesinfollowingadviceonemotionalhealing:apologizingisdifficult.Wearetrappedinwhatwethinkofourselvesbyholdingontoourpride.Wecanbeselfishandnotwillingtoadmitourmostobviousmistakes.Prideeatsawayatusasweargueorignorethemistake.It'shappenedtome.IhavehadtoomuchprideandselfishnesstoapologizetoalovedoneIhurt.WhenIdidwanttoapologize，Icouldn'tbringmyselftofacetheotherperson.ThisistheprideI'mtalkingabout.Maybeapologiescomedifficultformenbecausethey'reexpectedtobedominant(占优势的).It'slikethejokethatamanneverasksfordirectionswhenlost.Ladiesaremoreemotionallyopenthanguysandarewillingtoexpressit.Still，bothgenderswonderhowtocorrectlyapologize.Inshiftingthefocusonapologizingawayfromyou，whatdoesnotapologizingdotootherpeople?Theyfeelhurtthatyouarenotwillingtocommunicateyourmistake.Theylosetrustinyouasyouhidebehindyourmistakeavoidingreality.Theybecomeangrywithyou，wonderingwhyyoudonottellthemthetruth.Theymaybegintocounteryourlackofapologiesbynotapologizingthemselvesandfromthistherelationshipgoesdownhillasthetwoofyougetcaughtinapowerstruggle.Youneedtocommunicateyourmistakes.Amistakeyoumadeislikeascratchandbynotapologizingyouaremakingthescratchadeeperwoundandrubbingsaltintoit.Youneedtostophurtingtheotherpersonandyourselfbylearningtoapologize.Thereisrealpowerinapologizingandemotionalhealing.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇议论文，针对人们在犯错误后不愿意道歉的现象，分析了其中的原因，并强调了拒绝道歉的严重后果，同时建议读者要勇于承认错误，及时道歉。★1.Peoplefindithardtoapologizefortheirmistakesbecauseoftheir.A.emotionalfeelingB.stickingtotheirprideC.makingargumentD.beingtrappedinlies解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“Wearetrappedinwhatwethinkofourselvesbyholdingontoourpride.”和第一段的最后一句“Prideeatsawayatusasweargueorignorethemistake.”可知，B项正确。答案 B★2.Whyaremenmoreunwillingtomakeapologies?\nA.Theydon'tintendtohurtotherpeople.B.Theyexpectotherstoforgivethem.C.Theydon'twanttobeconsideredweak.D.Theyaren'tgoodatexpressingthemselves.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“becausethey'reexpectedtobedominant(占优势的)”可知，男人不愿意道歉的原因是他们不希望别人认为他们弱，不占优势。故C项正确。答案 C★3.Whatbadeffectwilltherebeifyourefusetoapologizeforyourmistakes?A.Otherpeoplewon'tpayattentiontoyou.B.Youwillloseconfidenceinyourself.C.Youwon'tbeforgivenevenifyoutellthetruth.D.Thefriendshipwillgethurtandgoworse.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theyfeelhurtthatyouarenotwillingto...getcaughtinapowerstruggle.”可知D项正确。答案 D4.Fromthelastparagraph，itcanbeinferredthat.A.communicationcanstopyourmakingmistakesB.mistakeswouldturnintodeeperscratchesC.apologizingisgoodforyouandtheotherpeopleD.apologizingisthemostpowerfulinemotionalhealing解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Youneedtostophurtingtheotherpersonandyourselfbylearningtoapologize.”可知C项正确。答案 CPassage11 (2022·湖南十校联考)话题：度假遭遇海啸词数：327FernandoandIwerearguingaboutwhyInevertookanyrealvacations.Whenhesuggestedwegooffsomewhereforthreeentireweeks，“Youdecide，”Isaid.Hechosealittlefishingvillageoffthecoastandheplannedoutaschedule.Ourtripwasfullofwonderandfun，butwhenwegotthere，theshabbyhotelfailedto\nsatisfyus，soweleftadayearlyforthebeach.Aswedrove，wepassedtwoorphanages(孤儿院).Christmaswasonlyafewdaysaway，andIfeltthatIshouldstoptodosomethingforthechildren.ThenFernandocameupwithaplantohelpthepoorchildrenwesaw.Wemadealistofnames，andthenwewentintotowntobuynewclothes，toys，andschoolsupplies.Fortherestoftheday，wefilledbackpacks.Wewereexcitedaboutthecelebrationwehadplannedforthenextday，December26，whenwe'dinvitethefamiliestothebeachinfrontofthehotelandhandoutthepresents.FernandoandIwerestillinbedataround9：00thenextmorningwhenweheardacrackingsound.“Whatisthat？”Iasked.Asifinresponse，waterstartedpouringintoourroom.Thechildren'sbackpackswehadarrangedsoneatlyonthefloorbeganfloatingaround.ThenextthingIknewwasthattheroofwastornoff，andFernandoandIweresweptout.IthoughtIwasgoingtodie.Underthewater，IforcedmyselftocalmdownandthenIpoppedout.SuddenlyIsawFernandoonlyfourfeetaway.“Whatjusthappened？”IaskedFernando.“Tsunami(海啸)！”，heshoutedtome.“Justbestrong.Whateveritwas，”hetoldme，“it'sallovernow.”Butafewsecondslater，anotherwaveburiedus.Itriedtograbhimashereachedouttome，buthefellbackunderthewater，andIneversawhimagain.【语篇导读】 本文为一篇记叙文。作者和朋友在度假中看到了孤儿院中的孩子们，决定买些东西送给他们，不料却遭遇了海啸。★1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetrip?A.Fernandooftenarguedwiththeauthorabouttheirtrips.B.Theauthorchosealittlefishingvillageoffthecoast.C.TheywouldstayintheorphanagesforChristmasDay.D.Theirtripwassatisfyingatthebeginning.解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句“Ourtripwasfullofwonderandfun，but...”可以看出作者的旅行开始是很令人满意的。故答案为D。\n答案 D2.TheauthorandFernandoleftforthebeachearlybecause.A.theywereafraidofbeinglateB.thehoteldisappointedthemC.theywantedtobethereaheadofothersD.theywantedtodosomethingforthechildren解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“theshabbyhotelfailedtosatisfyus，soweleftadayearlyforthebeach”可知，作者他们由于对旅馆很失望，所以早早动身去了海滩。故答案为B。答案 B3.Whendidtheauthorgoforthevacation?A.AfewdaysbeforeChristmas.B.ThreeweeksafterChristmas.C.OnChristmasDay.D.At9：00onDecember26.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Christmaswasonlyafewdaysaway...”和第三段中的“Wewereexcitedaboutthecelebrationwehadplannedforthenextday，December26...”可知，作者在圣诞节前几天就开始去度假了。故答案为A。答案 A★4.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthattheauthorandhisfriend.A.boughtalotofgiftsfortheirchildrenB.intendedtoinvitemanyfriendstotheirhouseC.managedtofinishtheirtripasplannedD.triedtohelpeachotherinfaceofdanger解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中作者和朋友的对话“Justbestrong.Whateveritwas”和当时的动作“Itriedtograbhimashereachedouttome”可以看出他们在遇到了危险时互相帮助；A选项中的theirchildren应改为thechildrenintheorphanages;B选项中的manyfriends应改为thefamilies;C选项意思不符合文意，很显然遇到海啸是他们意料之外的。故答案为D。答案 D\n★5.Whatdoyouthinktheauthorwouldcontinuetowriteabout?A.Howhistripwasruined.B.WhenFernandocamebacktohim.C.Howhesurvived.D.Whythedisasterhappened.解析 推理判断题。最后一段介绍了海啸到来时他们遇到的危险，由此可推知，接下来要介绍的应该是他是如何在海啸中幸存下来的。故答案为C。答案 CPassage12 (2022·郑州一中质检)话题：求职词数：378Whileyoumaybedoingeverythingright，ignoringjustoneortwostepsintheprocessmaykeepyoufromgettingajob，especiallyinthisfiercemarket.Hereisachecklistthatcoverssomeofthemajorlinksinthejob－searchchain.THERESUME—Makesureitisup－to－dateandtailoredtothetypesofjobsyouareseekingfor.Havesomeoneelselookatyourresume.Ifyoucannotaffordacareercoach，giveyourresumetofriendsorfamilymemberstoscrutinize.Havecopiesofyourresumeprintedsothatyouarereadytohandthemoutatinterviews.COVERINGLETTERS—Maybeyou'vesetupafewbasicstylesinadvance，butthat'snotenough.Eachcoveringlettershouldbedesignedtosuitthejobforwhichyouareapplying.THEWARDROBE(衣橱)—Checkyourwardrobetoensurethatyouhavetheappropriateprofessionaldress，includingshoes，readyforinterview.NETWORKING—Don'tisolateyourselffromothersfordays.Networkthroughe－mailmessages，phonecalls，appointmentsandmeetingskeepyouintouchwiththeoutsideworldandpreventyoufrombecomingdepressed.APPLICATION—Aglanceathugeonlinejobsitesisn'tusuallythebestwaytofindajob.Youaremorelikelytosucceedthroughthepeopleyouknowvianetworking.THEFOLLOW－UP—Itisquitecommontoapplyforajobbutneverhearbackfromthecompany.Takemeasures，suchasfollowingupwithaphonecallaweekorsoafter\nyouapply.Ifyouknowsomeoneatthecompany，checkwhetherthatpersonwillputinagoodwordforyou.INTERVIEWS—Ifyou'vegotplentyofinterviewsbutnoreturncallsorjoboffers，takealookatyourinterviewingskills.Thisisoneareawhereinvestinginacareercoachmaypayoff.Butifyoucan'taffordone，trytofindajobgrouporservicethatconductsfreemock(模拟)interviews.SUPPORTSYSTEMS—Finally，recognizethatlookingforajobisratherdifficult.Evenatthebestoftimes，ajobhuntisoftenaboutrejection，andthatcanbehardtoendure.Stayingintouchwithfamily，friends，professionalnetworksandfellowjobseekerscanhelpyoutomaintainapositiveattitudeandasenseofperspective.【语篇导读】 本文主要就求职过程中可能会遇到的问题给出了一些建议。★1.Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthistextisto.A.suggestgraduatesshouldfindsuitablejobsB.tellpeoplehowtoimprovetheirinterviewskillsC.teachpeoplehowtogetreadyforaninterviewD.givepeoplesometipsonsearchingforjobs解析 推理判断题。从第一段可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是让读者了解求职过程中要注意的一些细节问题。故选D项。答案 D2.Theunderlinedword“scrutinize”inParagraph2canbereplacedby“”.A.checkB.useC.rewriteD.criticize解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段“Havesomeoneelselookatyourresume”可知此处表示“让其他人看一下你的简历，如果聘不起职业导师的话，可以让朋友或家人检查一下”，由此可以推出scrutinize的意思是“检查”，故选A项。答案 A3.Whichofthefollowingmethodsiswrongaccordingtothetext?A.Youshouldhaveyourresumereadbyyourfriendsafterfinishingit.B.Youshouldcreatedifferentcoveringlettersforthedifferentjobsyouapply\nfor.C.Searchingonlineisthemosteffectivewaytolookforajob.D.Youshouldwearprofessionalclothesandshoesfortheinterview.解析 细节理解题。从文章第六段“Aglanceathugeonlinejobsitesisn'tusuallythebestwaytofindajob.”可知C项正确。答案 C4.Whatshouldyoudoifyoudon'treceiveanycallsafterlotsofinterviews?A.Askafellowjobseekertohelpyou.B.Carefullyreviewyourinterviewingskills.C.Rewriteyourresumeassoonaspossible.D.Gotothemanager'sofficestofindoutwhy.解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，如果经过多次面试，却没有得到公司的回话，那面试者一定要重新审视自己面试过程中的一些技巧问题。故选B项。答案 B★5.Itisimpliedinthetextthat.A.peopleoftenpaynoattentiontowritingtheirresumeB.theinterviewisthemostdifficultstepforintervieweesC.yoursocialnetworkmayhelpyoualotinyourjobhuntD.acareercoachoftenoffersfreemockinterviewstointerviewees解析 推理判断题。文章第六段隐含着这样一个信息：面试者要多参加社交活动，建立关系网，从而通过朋友更快地找到工作。答案 CPassage13 (2022·中国人民大学附属中学月考)话题：上班的第一天词数：362ItwasfifteenpastnineasMariehurriedintotheofficebuildingwhereshewasgoingtowork.Herbushadinchedalongthroughheavymorningtraffic，makingherafewminuteslateforherveryfirstjob.Shedecidedtostartouthalfanhourearlierthenextday.Onceinsidethelobby，shehadtostandattheelevatorsandwaitseveralminutes\nbeforeshecouldgetononegoingtothesixthfloor.Whenshefinallyreachedtheofficemarked“SmithEnterprises”，sheknockedatthedoornervouslyandwaited.Therewasnoreply.Shetappedonthedooragain，butstilltherewasnoanswer.Frominsidethenextoffice，shecouldhearthesoundofvoices，sosheopenedthedoorandwentin.AlthoughshewassureitwasthesameofficeshehadbeenintwoweeksbeforewhenshehadtheinterviewwithMr.Smith，itlookedquitedifferentnow.Infact，ithardlylookedlikeanofficeatall.Theemployeeswerejuststandingaroundchattingandsmoking.Inthefrontoftheroom，somebodymusthavejusttoldagoodjoke，shethought，becausetherewasaloudburstoflaughterasshecamein.Foramomentshehadthoughttheywerelaughingather.Thenoneofthemenlookedathiswatch，clappedhishandsandsaidsomethingtotheothers.Quicklytheyallwenttotheirdesksand，inamatterofseconds，everyonewashardatwork.NoonepaidanyattentiontoMarie.Finallyshewentuptothemanwhowassittingatthedesknearesttothedoorandexplainedthatthiswasherfirstdayintheoffice.Hardlylookingupfromhiswork，hetoldhertohaveaseatandwaitforMr.Smith，whowouldarriveatanymoment.ThenMarierealizedthattheday'sworkintheofficebeganjustbeforeMr.Smitharrived.LatershefoundoutthathelivedinConnecticutandcameintoManhattanonthesametraineverymorning，arrivingintheofficeat9：35，sothathisstaffknewexactlywhentostartworking.【语篇导读】 本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Marie第一天上班迟到，但赶到办公室后，看到了奇怪的现象。★1.WhywasMarienervouswhensheknockedatthedoor?A.Becauseitwasherfirstdayinanewjob.B.Becauseshewasalittlebitlateforwork.C.Becauseshewasafraidthatshehadgonetothewrongplace.D.Becausetherewasnoanswerfrominsidetheoffice.解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“makingherafewminuteslateforherveryfirstjob”及第二段的内容可知，她第一天上班就迟到了，所以很紧张。故选B。答案 B\n2.Mariecouldhardlyrecognizetheofficeshewentintoas.A.shehadbeenthereonlyonceB.Mr.SmithwasnotintheofficeC.nobodyintheofficewasdoinganyworkD.theofficehadanewappearance解析 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Infact，ithardlylookedlike...chattingandsmoking.”可以看出，办公室内雇员的表现使得她感觉走错了房间。故选C。答案 C3.Thepeopleintheofficesuddenlystartedworkingbecause.AtheysawastrangerintheofficeBtheirmorningbreakwasendedC.theydidn'twanttotalktoMarieD.theirbosswasabouttoarrive解析 细节理解题。由末段中的“ThenMarierealizedthat...Mr.Smitharrived.”可知，这些人突然开始工作是因为他们知道老板马上就要到了。故选D。答案 D★4.Wecaninferfromthetextthattheemployeesoftheenterprise.AwouldstarttheirworkbylisteningtoajokeBwerecoldtonewcomersC.werealwayspunctualforworkD.lackeddevotiontothecompany解析 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，老板快来的时候员工们才开始做事，显然他们对工作缺乏奉献精神。故选D。答案 DPassage14 (2022·南昌二中摸底考试)话题：电子产品与学生词数：326It'shalfpasttenintheevening，and11－year－oldJosephissoundasleepathome.Suddenly，aloudnoisewakeshimup.Naturally，Josephreachesforhiscellphone.Themessagebeepsclear:“RUawake？”\nJoseph'suseoftechnologydoesn'tstopthere.Healsohasacomputer，aTVandthreevideo－gameconsoles(控制台)inhisroom.Withsomanychoices，it'snosurprisethatwhenheisn'tatschool，hespendsnearlyeverywakingminuteusingoneormoreofthesedevices.Josephishardlyalone.AccordingtoarecentstudybytheKaiserFamilyFoundation，kidsages8to18arespendingmoretimethaneverbeforeusingelectronicdevices.Howmuchtime?Morethansevenandahalfhoursadayonaverage，thestudyfound.“Thejumpistheresultofahugeexplosioninmobiledevices，”saysVictoriaRideout，theleadauthorofthestudy.Today，nearlysevenoutoftenkidshavecellphones.Justfiveyearsago，itwasfouroutoften.Often，kidsmultitask，orusemorethanonedeviceatatime.“Ifyou'vegotachancetodosomethingonyourcomputerandtakeaphonecallandhavetheTVoninthebackground，whynot？”mediaexpertCherylOlsonsays.Mostexpertsagreethattechnologyhasmuchtoofferkids.Butsomeworrythekidscouldbemissingoutonotheractivitieslikeplayingoutsideorhangingoutwithfriends.“It'samatterofbalance，”saysOlson.“You'vegottoworkonit.”Multitaskingwhiledoinghomeworkisanotherconcern.Somekidslistentomusic，watchTVorusethephonewhiledoingtheirhomework.“Itisimportanttomakesurethatyoucanstopandconcentrateononethingdeeply，”saysRideout.Withnewandexcitingdeviceshittingstoreseveryyear，keepingtechnologyuseincheckismoreimportantthanever.“Kidsshouldtry，”addsRideout.“Butparentsmighthavetostepinsometimes.”【语篇导读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章举例说明了现代电子产品对学生的影响。最后提出，家长有必要对这些东西加以控制。1.Whydochildrenspendmoretimeinusingelectronicdevices?A.Becauseelectronicdevicesaremoreexcitingthanbefore.B.Becausemoreelectronicdevicesareavailabletothem.C.Becausetheyhavefewerotheractivities.D.Becausetheyhavelesshomeworktodo.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Withsomanychoices，it'snosurprisethat\nwhenheisn'tatschool...”可知，B项正确。答案 B2.Itisknownfromthepassagethat.A.Josephfeelsveryannoyedabouthislate－nighttextB.theteenagersusingmobiledeviceshaveincreasedby30%inthepastfiveyearsC.mostexpertsthinkteenagersshouldnotuseelectronicdevicesfortheirstudiesD.CherylOlsonisnotsurprisedaboutkids'increasinguseofmobiledevices解析 细节理解题。A项在文中并未提到，故排除A项；根据第三段第二句中的“nearlysevenoutoftenkidshavecellphones”可知，是cellphones，而不是mobiledevices，故排除B项；根据第五段中的“Mostexpertsagreetechnologyhasmuchtoofferkids.”“It'samatterofbalance”可排除C项；根据第四段CherylOlson说的话可知，D项正确。答案 D3.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofmultitaskingaccordingtothepassage?A.PlayingvideogamesontheInternet.B.Talkingonthephonewhilestayingwithothers.C.WatchingTVwhileusingthecomputer.D.Listeningtomusicwhilerelaxing.解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段前两句可推出，C项正确。答案 C4.Theunderlinedphrase“incheck”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby.A.inorderB.incontrolC.instoreD.insight解析 词义猜测题。根据语境可知，商店每年都有新的令人兴奋的设备，因此使科技的应用有所控制比以往更重要了。故B项正确。答案 BPassage15 (2022·襄阳四中月考)话题：苏打水能减肥吗？词数：274\nLet'sfaceit.Noonedrinksdietsodaforthetaste.Peopledrinkdietsodainthehopethatitwillhelpthemloseweightoratleastkeepthemfromgainingit.Yetitseemstohaveexactlytheoppositeeffect，accordingtoanewstudy.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofTexassaidthosewhodranktwoormoredietsodasadayhadwaistsizeincreasesthatweresixtimesgreaterthanthosewhodidn'tdrinkdietsoda.“Whatwesawwasthatthemoredietsodasapersondrank，themoreweighttheywerelikelytogain，”saidSharonFowler.Thestudywasbasedondatafrom474participantsinalarge，ongoingresearchproject，wheretheparticipantswerefollowedfornearly10years.Whilethefindingsaresurprising，theyalsooffersomeexplanations.Nutritionexpert，MelanieRogers，whoworkswithoverweightpatientsinNewYork，hasfoundthatwhenpatientsareswitchedfromregulartodietsoda，theydon'tloseweightatall.“Weweren'tseeingweightlossnecessarily，andthatwasconfusingtous，”saidRogers.Sowhywoulddietsodacauseweightgain?Nooneknowsforsureyet，butitcouldbethatpeoplethinktheycaneatmoreiftheydrinkdietsoda，andsoover－compensateforthemissingcalories.Arelatedstudyfoundsomesweeteners(甜味剂)raisedbloodsugarlevelsinsomemice.“Datafromthisandotherpotentialstudiessuggestthatthepromotionofdietsodasandartificialsweetenersmayberisky，”saidHelenP.Hazuda，professorattheUniversityofTexas'sschoolofmedicine.“Theymaybefreeofcalories，butnotofconsequences.”【语篇导读】 本文是一篇科普性文章。有些人希望通过饮用苏打水来减肥或防止体重增加。然而新的研究表明，饮用苏打水不但不能减肥反而会增加体重。1.Peopledrinkdietsodato.A.enjoyitstasteB.stayinfashionC.achieveweightlossD.gainmoreenergy解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句中的“willhelpthemloseweight”可知，人们饮用苏打水的目的是减肥。故选C。答案 C\n2.Thenewstudysuggeststhatdrinkingdietsoda.A.causespeopletobecomeheavierB.helpspeopletobehealthierC.makespeoplemuchthinnerD.offerspeoplemorecalories解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Yetitseemstohaveexactlytheoppositeeffect，accordingtoanewstudy.”可知，饮用苏打水不但不能减肥，反而会导致体重增加。故选A。答案 A3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.regularsodamakespeoplelosemoreweightB.dietsodadrinkerstendtoeatmorefoodC.dietsodadoeshelpreducecaloriesD.mostblooddiseasescomefromdietsoda解析 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“peoplethinktheycaneatmoreiftheydrinkdietsoda”可知，人们认为饮用苏打水后可以吃得更多。故选B。答案 B★4.Theunderlinedword“They”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto.A.sweetenersB.dietsodasandartificialsweetenersC.sodasD.dietsodadrinkersandsweetenertakers解析 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段所讲述的内容，特别是“thepromotionofdietsodasandartificialsweetenersmayberisky”可知，They指代的是“dietsodasandartificialsweeteners”。故选B。答案 BB组 2022～2022模拟能力题Passage1 (2022·武汉市调研测试)话题：女孩照看重症老人词数：334\nAgirlbecameavolunteerintheactivitiesofDeathbedCare，whichmeantvisitingandtakingcareofapatientsufferingfromanincurablediseasewithdaysnumbered.Thegirlwasassignedtolookafteranoldmansufferingfromcancerwhosechildrenlivedabroad.Theirlivingconditionswerenotsatisfactorywhiletheoldmanhadalotofsavings.Shewasexpectedtocomforthimandkeepuphisspirits.EverySaturdaythegirlcameontimetokeephimcompany，tellinghimstories.Whenhewashavinganintravenousdrip(静脉滴注)，shewouldhelpmassagehisarms.Thedoctorfoundthepatientmuchimprovedmentally.Theoldmanbegantoinvolvehimselfactivelyinthemedicaltreatmentandheseldomshoutedatothers.Butsomethingthathappenedmadethedoctoruneasyandpuzzled.Eachtimethegirlleft，theoldmanwouldgivehersomemoney.Thedoctordidnothingtointerfere(干涉)，unwillingtooffendtheoldman.Amonthlatertheoldmanshowedevidentsignsofdeclineaftersufferingcoma(昏迷)afewtimes.Whenrescuedfromthelatestcoma，theoldmantoldthedoctorhislastwish，“Ihavedeepsympathyforthegirl.Willyoubekindenoughtohelpherfinishherstudies？”Butthedoctorknewthatherfamilywaswell－offandshehadnodifficultypursuingherstudies.Sometimessheevencametothehospitalinherfather'scar.Whenthegirlcameattheweekendafterthedeathoftheoldman，thedoctortoldherthebadnews.Shewasverysadandburstintotears.Thenshehanded$500tothedoctor，saying，“TheoldmanhadallalongthoughtIcametodothejobbecauseofpoverty.HegavememoneysothatIcouldcontinuemyschooling.”Nowhegottheanswertothepuzzle.Inthelastperiodofhislife，theoldmanfounditarealpleasuretobeabletohelpagirlbadlyinneed.【语篇导读】 本文主要讲述了一位从事临终关怀志愿服务的女孩如何照顾一位患有不治之症、时日不多的老人的故事。★1.Ifyou'reavolunteerintheactivitiesofDeathbedCare，whatkindofpeopledoyouhavetoattendto?A.Thepatientsinneedofhelp.\nB.Thepeoplesufferingfromcancer.C.Thepatientswithoutmanydaysleft.D.Thepeoplesufferingfromdiseases.解析 推理判断题。从第一段中的“whichmeantvisitingand...withdaysnumbered”可知，这个志愿活动主要是照顾那些患有不治之症、时日不多的病人，由此推断C项正确。答案 C★2.Whatcanweinferabouttheoldman?A.Hehadalotofsavings.B.Hewassufferingfromcancer.C.Heoftenlosthistemperbeforemeetingthegirl.D.Heaskedthedoctortohelpthegirlfinishherstudy.解析 推理判断题。从文章第二段中的tocomforthimandkeepuphisspirits和第三段中的seldomshoutedatothers我们不难推断出，老人之前的脾气不好。A项和B项(第二段中)以及D项(第五段最后)在文中都有陈述，不用推断。所以答案选C项。答案 C3.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Thedoctortoldtheoldmanthetruth.B.Theoldman'schildrenwerewealthy.C.Thegirl'sfatherencouragedhertoacceptthemoney.D.Thegirldidn'taccompanytheoldmanwhenhedied.解析 细节理解题。从文章最后一段第一句可知，老人去世时，女孩不在场，所以答案选D项。其他选项都不符合文章内容。答案 D★4.Whatistherealreasonresultingintheoldman'smentalimprovement?A.Thegirl'scomfortandcare.B.Thepleasureofbeinghelpfultopeopleinneed.C.People'sunderstanding.D.Hischildren'sprogress.解析 推理判断题。从全文最后一段可知，老人在人生最后的日子里为能够帮助一个急需帮助的女孩而感到由衷地高兴，这真正改善了他的精神状态。所以答案选B项。\n答案 BPassage2 (2022·济宁一模))话题：LeeLokSze词数：291LeeLokSzewasthefirstwomaninHongKongtoreachboththeNorthandSouthPoles.In1992and1993，shewenttoMountEverestandtheTaklamakanDesertinXinjiang.“IwantedtobeanadventurerwhenIwassmall.IhavelovedreadingadventurebookssinceIwasachild.”Since1970，MissLeehasalwaysbeenontrips，travellingtodifferentpartsoftheworldwithabackpackandasleepingbag.Shesaidthatthesejourneyschangedhervalues.“Aftervisitingtheseplaces，Istartedtotreasuremylifemuchmorethanbefore.Duringthistime，IcametorealizehowsmallIamintheuniverse，butnothinginthisworldisunsolvable.”MissLeesaidshehadalotofunforgettableexperiencesonherjourneys.TherewasoneterriblestormatseawhenshewasreturningfromtheSouthPole.Thewholeteamwashappytobereturninghomeafteraone－yearstayattheSouthPole.Duringthestorm,wavesreachedheightsofupto30meters，ashighasa10－storybuilding.Shestayedcalmatthetimeandtookstepstoprotecttheirresearchfindings.Shehopedtherescuerswouldfindthemeveniftheylosttheirlives.Partoftheshipwasdestroyedandalotofwatercamein.Luckilytheyallsurvived，butshecameawayfromtheexperiencewitharealizationaboutthepowerofnature.MissLeeisalsothefounderoftheChinaPolarMuseumFoundation.Buildingapolarmuseumhasalwaysbeenherdream.AccordingtoMissLee，themuseumwilluseadvancedtechnologytohelpdevelopscientists'workinpolarareas.Also，itwillprovideplacesforscientiststodoresearch.【语篇导读】 文章主要介绍了香港的第一位到达南北两极的女性LeeLokSze。1.FromthefirstparagraphweknowLeeLokSzeenjoys.A.exploringremoteunknownplacesB.visitingpopularplacesofinterestC.readingallkindsofbooksonscience\nD.travellingwithexpensiveequipment解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“theNorthandSouthPoles”“MountEverest”“theTaklamakanDesert”这些地方可推知她喜欢探索偏远的鲜为人知的地方。答案 A2.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.LeeLokSze'sgreatjourneys.B.LeeLokSze'svaluesonlifeC.Thejourneys'influenceonLee.D.Lee'sideasoftheuniverse.解析 段落大意题。第二段的第一句为中心句，根据该句可选出答案为C。答案 C3.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph3?A.LeeLokSzetravelledtotheSouthPolealone.B.LeeLokSzestayedattheSouthPoleforamonth.C.Theshipwascompletelydestroyedinthestorm.D.LeeLokSzevaluedtheresearchfindingsgreatly.解析 细节理解题。根据该段中的“tookstepstoprotect...theylosttheirlives”可知答案。答案 D4.WhydidLeefoundapolarmuseum?A.ToattractmorepeopletothePoles.B.TopromotestudiesofthePoles.C.ToeducatethepublicaboutthePoles.D.TohelpprotectthePoles.解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“themuseumwilluseadvancedtechnologytohelpdevelopscientists'workinpolarareas”可知。答案 B5.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FightingAgainstNatureB.AttractionsofthePoles\nC.SurvivingaTerribleStormD.ABraveandNobleWoman解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要是写人，故选D(一个勇敢又伟大的女性)。答案 DPassage3 (2022·潍坊一模)话题：鞋与个性词数：286ResearchersattheUniversityofKansassaythatpeoplecanaccuratelyjudge90percentofastranger'spersonalitysimplybylookingattheperson'sshoes.“Shoesconveyusefulinformationabouttheirwearers，”theauthorswroteinthenewstudypublishedintheJournalofResearchinPersonality.LeadresearcherOmriGillathsaidthejudgmentswerebasedonthestyle，cost，colorandconditionofsomeone'sshoes.Inthestudy，63UniversityofKansasresearcherslookedatpicturesshowing208differentpairsofshoeswornbythestudy'sparticipants.Volunteersinthestudywerephotographedintheirmostcommonlywornshoes，andthenfilledoutapersonalityquestionnaire.Someoftheresultswereexpected：Peoplewithhigherincomesmostcommonlyworeexpensiveshoes，andflashiershoesweretypicallywornbyoutgoingpeople.However，someofthemorespecificresultsarestrangeenough.Forexample，“practicalandfunctional”shoesweregenerallywornbymore“pleasant”people，whileanklebootsweremorelinkedwith“aggressive”personalities.Thestrangestofallmaybethatthosewhowore“uncomfortablelooking”shoestendtohave“calm”personalities.Andifyouhaveseveralpairsofnewshoesortakeextremecareofthem，youmaysufferfrom“attachmentanxiety”，spendinglotsoftimeworryingaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofyourappearance.Therewasevenapoliticalcalculationinthemixwithmoreliberal(主张变革的)typeswearing“shabbierandlessexpensive”shoes.Theresearchersnotedthatsomepeoplewillchooseshoestylestomasktheiractualpersonalities，butresearchersnotedthatvolunteerswerealsolikelytobeunawarethattheirfootwearchoiceswereshowingthedeepsideoftheirpersonalities.【语篇导读】 本文主要讲述了一份调查研究结果，\n一个人的穿鞋往往反映这个人的性格。1.Whatdoesthistextmainlytellus?A.Shoescanhidepeople'srealpersonalities.B.Shoesconveyfalseinformationaboutthewearer.C.People'spersonalitiescanbejudgedbytheirshoes.D.Peopleknowlittleabouttheirpersonalities.解析 主旨大意题。文章第一句就说出了文章的大意(即调查研究的结果)：90%的陌生人的性格特点仅从他们所穿的鞋上便可看出。答案 C2.Theparticipantswereaskedto.A.providepicturesoftheirshoesB.lookatpicturesofdifferentshoesC.designapersonalityquestionnaireD.handintheircommonlywornshoes解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知A项正确。本题易错选C、D。C项错在“design”；D项错在“handinshoes”。答案 A3.Whichoftheresultsisbeyondpeople'sexpectation?A.Wealthypeopleoftenwearexpensiveshoes.B.Pleasantpeoplelikewearinguncomfortableshoes.C.Aggressivepeoplearelikelytowearankleboots.D.Flashiershoesaretypicallywornbyoutgoingpeople.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“anklebootsweremorelinkedwith‘aggressive’personalities”可知C项正确。A、D项在人们意料之内，故排除，B项与原文不符。答案 C4.Peoplesufferingfrom“attachmentanxiety”tendto.A.wearstrangeshoes B.worryabouttheirappearanceC.haveacalmcharacter D.becomeapoliticalleader解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中倒数第二句可知B项正确。\n答案 B5.Theauthorwrotethetextinorderto.A.informusofanewstudyB.introducearesearchmethodC.teachhowtochooseshoesD.describedifferentpersonalities解析 写作意图题。本文主要是告诉我们一项调查研究，故选A。其它三项均可排除。答案 APassage4 (2022·青岛一模)话题：高智商的人词数：342BorninAmericain1898，Williamwasanextraordinaryboy，giftedwithanamazingIQbetween250and300.Thegeniuswenttoagrammarschoolwhenhewasonly6yearsoldandgraduatedjustwithin7months.Attheageof11，hebecametheyoungeststudentofHarvardUniversity.Hegraduatedwithhighscoresattheageof16andenteredHarvardLawSchoolat18.GiftedwithanamazingIQbetween220and230，TerenceTaomakesittothislistofthepeoplewiththehighestIQintheworld.BorninAdelaide，Australiain1975，thisgeniusfirstdisplayedhisincredibleintelligenceatamereageof2，whenhemanagedtosolvebasicarithmeticquestionsonhisown.Attheageof16，hegraduatedwithbothMaster'sandBachelor'sdegreesatFlindersUniversity.Hehasbeenconsideredas“Mr.Fixit”byCharlesFefferman，whoisaprofessorofMathematicsatPrincetonUniversity，andmanyothermathematicianswanttointeresthimintheirproblems.This31－year－oldJapanese－Americanastrophysicistlandshimthirdinthislist.Attheageof12，ChristopherHirataalreadyworkedoncollege－levelcourses，aroundthetimemostofuswerejustinthe7thgrade.Attheageof13，thisgiftedkidbecametheyoungestAmericantohaveeverwonthegoldmedalintheInternationalPhysicsOlympiad.Attheageof16，hewasalreadyworkingwithNASAonitsprojecttoconquerplanet\nMars.AfterhewasawardedthePh.D.atPrincetonUniversity，hewentbacktoCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.ThenextpersonwithveryhighIQisAlbertEinstein.WithanIQbetween160and190，AlbertEinsteinisthegeniusbehindthetheoryofrelativity，whichhashadagreatimpactontheworldofscience.Hepossessedsuchanamazingabilitythatafterhisdeath，researcherswereeagertopreserveandmakeresearchonhisbraininsearchforcluestohisexceptionalbrilliance，whichtothisday，hasremainedamystery.【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了4位智商超高并有非凡成就的人。1.AboutWilliam，whichofthefollowingistrue?A.HisIQreachedbetween220and230.B.Attheageof16，hegraduatedfromagrammarschool.C.Attheageof6，hegraduatedwithbothMaster'sandBachelor'sdegrees.D.Attheageof11，hebecametheyoungeststudentatHarvardUniversity.解析 细节理解题。根据第一段可知答案为D。答案 D2.HowmanypeoplewithremarkableIQarementionedinthepassage?A.3B.4C.5D.6解析 细节题。第一段主讲的是William;第二段主要是TerenceTao;第三、四段主要讲的是ChristopherHirata;第五段讲的是Einstein(爱因斯坦)。答案 B3.WhoonceworkedontheprojecttoconquerplanetMars?A.WilliamB.TerenceTaoC.ChristopherHirataD.AlbertEinstein解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的首句可知答案。答案 C4.Fromthepassagewecanknowthat.A.whenWilliamgraduatedfromHarvardUniversity，hegotthehighestscoresB.attheageof2，TerencesolvedbasicarithmeticquestionsonhisownC.ChristopherHirataisaJapanese\nD.researchershavefoundoutwhyAlbertEinsteinwassobrilliant解析 细节理解题。由第二段的第2句可知B项正确。答案 B5.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Themostgiftedcollegestudentsintheworld.B.Themostfamouspeopleintheworld.C.PeoplewiththehighestIQeverrecorded.D.Themostfamousinventors.解析 主旨大意题。文章主要讲的是4位智商极高的人；关键词highestIQ较易提炼，故选C。答案 CPassage5 (吉林省实验中学2022届高三年级第一次模拟)话题：业余时间词数：343Intoday'sfastpaced，highstressworldpeopleareworkinglongerhoursthanever，andoftenexhaustthemselvesatday'sendinfrontofthetelevisiontorelaxenoughtobeginagaininthemorning.However，televisionwatching，formostpeople，doesnotreallylowerstress.StudiesshowthatTVviewingmorethananhourorsoactuallycreatesstressand，especiallyinwomen，mayleadtotheblues.Mostindividualsareunawarethatdoingsomeexerciseafterworkmakesthemmoreenergeticsinceitincreasesenergylevels.Wiseuseoffreetimedoesnotmeangettinganadvanceddegree，althoughthementalencouragementgainedthrougheducationisunbeatableinkeepingyourmindactive.Learningnewthingsnearlyalwaysaddsasparktoyourdailylife，especiallyifitisafavoritetopic，suchassport，fashion，orart.Also，lookthroughyourbookstoreorlibrarytofindbooksonyourinterests.TrytoreplaceahalfhourTVwatchingwithreading.ItisreportedthatintheUnitedStatesrecently，manyindividualshaveasfewastwogoodfriends.Longworkhoursandcarcommuteacttoseparatepeoplefromeachother.Thisseparationisdeadly.Findwaystomeetpeopleattheendofthedayand\nonweekends.Oftenthiscanbebestdonebycombiningactivities，suchasbyjoiningawalkinggrouptogetbothexerciseandcompanionship.Takingaclasswillliftyourspiritsandallowyoutomeetotherswithsimilarinterests.Hobbiesaregreatforreducingstressandprovideanotheropportunityforsocialinteraction.Usingyourfreetimetoaidyourhealthmayincludetheseelementsandmanymore，suchasgoingtoconcertsandspendingtimewithfamily.Overall，thekeyistospendlessfreetimebeingpassive.Thebestwaystousefreetimearetobementallyandphysicallyactive，spendsometimeoutdoors，andinteractwithotherpeopleonaregularbasis.【语篇导读】 本文主要告诉我们应如何明智地利用我们的业余时间，避开看电视如此的消极活动；相反，走出户外，积极活动等。1.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Watchingtelevisionmaycausewomentofeeldepressed.B.Findinginterestsandhobbiesincommonmeanstakingaclass.C.Goingtoconcertsisthebestwaytomakeyoumentallyactive.D.Gettinganadvanceddegreeineducationalwayslightsupyourlife.解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的倒数第2句可知答案。答案 A2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“commute”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Thearrangementtoworkeveryday.B.Thejourneytoworkeveryday.C.ThecommunicationbetweenpeopleD.Theseparationbetweenpeople.解析 词义猜测题。此句意：漫长的工作时间以及来往途中汽车的使用致使人们之间有隔阂。此题的关键在前面的“car”及辨明“commute”的词性。答案 B3.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.LiveaHappyandHealthyLifeB.RelaxYourselfinVariousWaysC.SpendYourFreeTimeWisely\nD.InteractWithOthersOutdoors解析 主旨大意题。纵观全文，主要告诉我们去合理有效利用我们的空闲时间。易错选A，其范围过大。答案 CPassage6 (2022·青岛一模)话题：乌鸦词数：271An80－year－oldmanwassittingonthesofainhishousealongwithhis45－year－oldhighlyeducatedson.Suddenlyacrow(乌鸦)perchedonthetreeneartheirwindow.Thefatheraskedhisson，“Whatisthis?”Thesonreplied，“Itisacrow.”Afterafewminutes，thefatheraskedhissonthe2ndtime，“Whatisthis?”Thesonsaid，“Father，Ihavejustnowtoldyou‘It'sacrow’.”Afteralittlewhile，theoldfatheragainaskedhissonthe3rdtime，“Whatisthis?”“It'sacrow，acrow，acrow.”saidthesonloudly.Alittleafter，thefatheragainaskedhissonthe4thtime，“Whatisthis?”Thistimethesonshoutedathisfather，“Whydoyoukeepaskingmethesamequestionagainandagain?‘ITISACROW’.Areyounotabletounderstandthis?”Alittlelaterthefatherwenttohisroomandcamebackwithanolddiary，whichhehadkeptsincehissonwasborn.Onopeningapage，heaskedhissontoreadthatpage.Whenthesonreadit，thefollowingwordswerewritteninthediary：“Todaymylittlesonagedthreewassittingwithmeonthesofa，whenacrowwassittingonthewindow.Mysonaskedme23timeswhatitwas，andIrepliedtohimall23timesthatitwasacrow.Ihuggedhimlovinglyeachtimeheaskedmethesamequestionagainandagainfor23times.Ididnotatallfeelannoyed;Iratherfeltaffectionformyinnocentchild.”【语篇导读】 当年迈的父亲一遍又一遍向儿子询问树上的乌鸦时，儿子愈来愈没耐心。此时父亲拿出他自儿子出生起就一直记的日记：当儿子\n3岁时他就窗前的乌鸦向我问了23次，每次我都不会感到厌烦……1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perched”meaninthepassage?A.knockedB.landedC.hitD.flew解析 词义猜测题。结合常识及最后一段第一行中的“sitting”可知答案为B项(着陆)。答案 B2.InwhattonedidthesonsaytohisFather“It'sacrow，acrow，acrow.”？A.hurriedB.impatientC.excitedD.surprised解析 推理判断题。根据此句后的“loudly”及下文中的“shoutedat”可推知这位儿子不耐烦。答案 B3.WhydidtheFatheraskthesamequestionagainandagain?A.Becausehecouldn'tunderstandwhathissonsaid.B.Becausehewastoooldtorememberanything.C.Becausehewantedtomakehissonangry.D.Becausehewantedtoseehowpatienthissonwouldbe.解析 推理判断题。根据后两段，尤其是父亲的日记内容可推知D项正确。其它皆能排除。答案 D4.Howoldwastheoldmanwhenhissonaskedhim23times“Whatisthis”？A.80yearsold.B.45yearsold.C.38yearsold.D.35yearsold.解析 推理判断题。儿子3岁时问的父亲，根据儿子现在45岁可推知是42年前发生的故事。80－42＝38。答案 C5.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Acrow.B.Anoldman.C.Anolddairy.D.Father'slove.解析 主旨大意题。全文通过儿子与父亲、父亲对儿子不同的态度可体会到父爱，故D项更符合题意。答案 DPassage7 (2022·潍坊一模)\n话题：购物词数：297Doyoulikeshopping?Ordoesthethoughtofwanderingroundtheshopsfillyouwithterror?Forsomeofus，shoppingisanenjoyablewayofspendingoursparetimeandourmoney.Forme，it'ssomethingIwouldratheravoid.ThankgoodnessfortheInternet!It'smoreconvenienttobuyCDs，electricalitems，evenfood，fromthecomfortofyoursofa.Butthat'snottheonlyreason：priceisanimportantfactor.Wecanbuygoodsandservicescheaperonline.Butsometimestheproblemisknowingwhattobuy.Thishasledtoatypeofshoppingcalled“showrooming”.ShowroomingissomethingI'vedone.Iwillgotoashoptosee，touchandtryoutproductsbutthengohomeandbuythemonlineataknock－downprice.I'mnotaloneindoingthis.ResearchbyacompanycalledFoolproof，found24%ofpeopleshowroomedwhileChristmasshoppingin2022.AmyCashman，HeadofTechnologyatTNSUK，saysthereasonsforthisnewshoppinghabitarethat“peoplearelackingtime，lackingmoneyandtheywantsecurityabouttheproductstheyarebuying.”SheexplainsthatconsumersarenotonlyshoppingonlineathomebuttheyareusingtheInternetinstoreorontheirsmartphonestoshoparound.Butdoesthismeantechnologywillkillshops?Certainlyshopswillchange.Theywillhavetooffermorecompetitivepricesorencouragepeopletobuymorebygivingin－storediscountsorfreegifts.Wemustn'tforgetthatbuyinginashopmeansyoucangetexpertadvicefromthesalesassistantandyoucangetgoodaftercare.It'sgoodtospeaktoarealhumanratherthanlookatafacelesscomputerscreenbutatleastbyshowrooming，yougetthebestofbothworlds!【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了一种新的购物方式showrooming(先在实体店试选好，然后通过网上购买)。1.ThetwoquestionsinParagraphlareraisedto.A.introducethetopicB.givetwoexamples\nC.comparedifferentopinionsD.getanswersfromreaders解析 推理判断题。开头的两个问题都是有关购物的，接着又结合自身感受深入。故两个问题的提出旨在引出话题。答案 A2.Whatdoesshowroomingmeaninthetext?A.Tryinginshopsandbuyingonline.B.Showingproductsinaroom.C.Buyingsomethinginastore.D.ShoppingontheInternet.解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Iwillgotoashop...andbuythemonline”可知答案为A。答案 A3.AccordingtoAmyCashman，whichisnotthereasonforshowrooming?A.Thelackoftime.B.Thecomfortofthesofa.C.Theshortnessofmoney.D.Thesecurityoftheproduct.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Reasonsforthisnewshoppinghabitarethat‘peoplearelackingtime，lackingmoneyandtheywantsecurityabouttheproducts”可知B项正确。答案 B4.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Onlineshopswilldisappear.B.Freegiftswillsurelypromotesales.C.Shopsneednecessarychanges.D.Shopswillbereplacedbyonlineshops.解析 推理判断题。通过第四段的最后一句可知C项正确。A项错在“disappear”；B项错在“surely”；D项在文中未涉及，表达得也太绝对。答案 C\n5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsshowroomingis.A.criticalB.neutralC.supportiveD.casual解析 观点态度题。通读全文，尤其是文章最后一句“byshowrooming，yougetthebestofbothworlds”可知作者对showrooming是持肯定赞许的态度的，说它结合了实际购物与网上购物的优点。答案 CPassage8 (2022·陕西五校二模)话题：才能≠财富词数：282Theworldisfilledwithsmart，educatedandgiftedpeople.Wemeetthemeveryday.Afewdaysago，mycarwasnotrunningwell.Ipulleditintoagarageandtheyoungmechanicfixeditinjustafewminutes.Heknewwhatwaswrongbysimplylisteningtotheenginesound.Iwasamazed.Thesadtruthisthatgreattalentisnotenough.Iamconstantlyshockedathowlittletalentedpeopleearn.Iheardtheotherdaythatlessthan5percentofAmericansearnmorethan$100，000ayear.Abusinessconsultantwhospecializesinthemedicaltradetoldmehowmanydoctorsanddentistsstrugglefinancially.Itwasthisbusinessconsultantwhogavemethephrase，“Theyareoneskillawayfromgreatwealth.”Thereisanoldsayingthatgoes，“JOBmeans‘JustOverBroke’”.Andunfortunately，Iwouldsaythatthesayingappliestomillionsofpeople.Becauseschoolsdonotthinkfinancialintelligenceisintelligence，mostworkers“livewithintheirmeans”.Theyworkandtheypaythebills.InsteadIrecommendthatyoungpeopleseekworkforwhattheywilllearn，morethanwhattheywillearn.WhenIasktheclassesIteach，“HowmanyofyoucancookabetterhamburgerthanMcDonald's？”almostallthestudentsraisetheirhands.Ithenask，“Soifmostofyoucancookabetterhamburger，howcomeMcDonald'smakesmoremoneythanyou？”Theanswerisobvious:McDonald'sisexcellentatbusinesssystems.Theworldisfilledwithtalentedpoorpeople.Theyfocusonperfectingtheirskillsatbuildingabetterhamburgerratherthantheskillsofsellinganddeliveringthehamburger.\n【语篇导读】 世界上到处都有聪明、有才能、有教养的人。为何他们会挣得少？有杰出的才能是不够的，他们缺乏的是财务智慧。1.Theauthormentionsthemechanicinthefirstparagraphtoshowthat.A.heisjustoneofthetalentedpeopleB.heisreadytohelpothersC.hehasasharpsenseofhearingD.heknowslittleaboutcarrepairing解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的前两句“Theworldisfilledwithsmart，educatedandgiftedpeople.Wemeetthemeveryday.”可知，作者认为世界上到处都有有才能的人，接着举了身边的一个事例来证明自己的观点。故答案选A。答案 A2.Theunderlinedpartinthethirdparagraphcanbebestreplacedby“”.A.spendmorethantheycanaffordB.dointheirownwayC.liveintheirowncircleD.livewithinwhattheyearn解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段的第四句“Theyworkandtheypaythebills.”可知，大多数人为了付账单工作赚钱，量入而出地生活。livewithintheirmeans表示“量入而出地生活”，故D项正确。答案 D3.Whydotalentedpeopleearnsolittleaccordingtotheauthor?A.Theydon'tworkhardenough.B.Theylackfinancialintelligence.C.Theydon'tmakefulluseoftheirtalents.D.Theyhavenospecializedskills.解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句中的“Becauseschoolsdonotthinkfinancialintelligenceisintelligence”可知，学校并不重视关于财务智慧的教育；再由最后一段的最后一句可推知，人们挣得少主要是因为缺乏财务智慧。故B项正确。答案 B★4.Themainpurposeoftheauthoristotellus.\nA.howyoungpeoplecanfindasatisfactoryjobB.whatschoolsshouldteachaboutfinanceC.whysomanytalentedpeoplearepoorD.howMcDonald'smakesmuchmoney解析 写作意图题。文章通过多个事例分析了为何有才能的人却挣不到钱，故C项正确。答案 CPassage9 (2022·南开中学4月月考)话题：家政教育词数：328We'resowelleducated—butwe'reuselessstudentswhohavelosttheabilitytodoanythingpractical.Theonlythingwe'vemasteredisconsumption.Largenumbersofstudentshaveenteredhighereducationinthepast10years，butdespitebeingthemosteducatedgenerationinhistory，itseemsthatwe'vegrownincreasinglyignorantwhenitcomestobasiclifeskills.Lookingbackonmyfirstcoupleofweeksoflivinginstudenthalls，Iconsidermyselfluckytostillbealive.Unfamiliartofreshers，therearemanyhiddendangersinthedirtycornersofstudentaccommodation.Ihavesurvivedacoupleofseriousboilingeggincidentsandlotsofcasesoffood－poisoning，probablyfromdirtykitchencounters.Althoughsomeofmyclotheshavefallenvictimtoironingexperimentation，IthinkIhavenowfinallyacquiredallthedomesticskillsImissedoutinmymoderneducation.In2022and2022，thecharmingeducationistSirKenRobinsongavetwoveryamusingtalksinwhichhediscussedtheimportanceofcreativityineducation.Robinson'smainviewpointisthatourcurrenteducationsystemdislocatespeoplefromtheirnaturaltalents.Iwouldliketogoastepfurtherandproposethatbesidesourtalents，thesystemtakesawaywhatusedtobepassedfromgenerationtogeneration—aworkingknowledgeofbasiclifeskills.Today'sgraduatesmayhaveearnedthemselveshonorinhistory，laworeconomies，butwhenitcomestosimplethingslikeputtingupashelftoholdalltheiracademicbooks，orfixingaholeintheiron－trendclothes，theyhavetocall\nforhelpfromaprofessionalhandymanortailor.SincetheinventionoftheInternet，ithasneverbeeneasierforpeopletoaccessinformation，butourhighlyspecializededucationhasmadeusmoreone－sidedthanever.Isuggestthatwestartwiththeimmediatereintroductionofsomeofthemostvitalaspectsof“domesticscience”education，beforethecurrentlackleadstoseriousaccidentsinstudenthalls.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇议论文。阐述了中国当前教育存在的主要问题，即学生受教育程度越来越高，但实际生活技能却越来越差，所以作者建议要及时对学生进行“家政”教育。1.Peoplecallususelessstudentsforthereasonthat.A.whatwe'velearnedisbeyondconsumptionB.weareaneducatedgenerationC.we'veenteredhighereducationD.ourlivingskillsaresopoor解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“we'reuselessstudentswhohavelosttheabilitytodoanythingpractical”可知，没有生活技能的学生是无用的学生。故选D。答案 D2.WhichisNOTtheincidentsthewriterhadduringthefirstfewweeksinstudenthalls?A.Hewasseriouslyburntbyboiledeggs.B.Hewasaccidentallypoisonedbyfood.C.Hedamagedhisclotheswhileironing.D.Hewasseverelybeatenbyfreshers.解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的内容可知，A、B，C项都是作者提到的遭遇，而D项没有提到。故选D。答案 D3.AccordingtoRobinson'sopinion，ourcurrenteducation.A.focusesontheimportanceofcreativityB.dislocatespeoplefromtheirnaturaltalents\nC.hasequippedstudentswithbasiclifeskillsD.hasfollowedthetraditionproperly解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段的第二句“Robinson'smainviewpointisthatourcurrenteducationsystemdislocatespeoplefromtheirnaturaltalents.”可知应选B。答案 B4.Whyarethegraduatespooratbasiclifeskills?A.Becausetheyarenotinterestedinthem.B.Becausetheyhavelittlerelevantpractice.C.BecausetheyareaffectedbytheInternet.D.Becausetheyareeasytobeone－sided.解析 推理判断题。根据第五段的最后一句“Iwouldliketogoastep...basiclifeskills.”可知，作者认为现代教育体制忽视了原来代代相传的基本生活技能，故选B。答案 B★5.Themainpurposeofwritingthepassageisthat.A.thereisnoneedtointroduce“domesticscience”B.it'stimewedidsomethingtocurrenteducationC.moreattentionshouldbepaidtonaturalscienceD.accidentsshouldbepreventedinstudenthalls解析 写作意图题。本文是一篇议论文，文章开头提出了论点即本文讨论的问题，然后分析了产生该问题的原因，最后一段提出了解决问题的办法，也就是写作本文的目的，即提醒大家对于当代教育存在的问题，我们应该做些什么。故选B。答案 BPassage10 (2022·银川质检)话题：阿加莎·克里斯蒂词数：336Almostnoonecanresistagoodmysterynovelordetectivenovel，sothesenovelssellthousandsofcopieseachyear.AndmanyreadersregardfamousmysteryauthorAgathaChristieasQueenofCrime，whosestoriesareknownfortheirtenseatmosphereandstrongpsychologicalsuspenseandhaveagreateffectontheEnglishmysterynovels.\nChristiewasborninSeptember1890inEngland.Whenshewasgrowingup，hermotheroftentoldherstories.Christielovedthesestories，whichtookherintoaworldoffantasy.Christie'smotheralsoencouragedhertowritefromayoungageandalsotookhertotravelalot.ShemarriedArchieChristiein1914atthebeginningofWorldWarⅠ.Duringthewar，Christiewroteherfirstdetectivestory：TheMysteriousAffairatStyles.Shechosethecrime，andtheninventedadetectivenamedHerculePoirot，rankingsecondtoSherlockHolmes，tosolveit.Shesentthebooktoapublisher，butitwasrejected.Afterthewarended，Christiesentherbooktomorepublishers，andfinally，in1920，onepublishedit.Sheearnedjust$25forit.Overthenextfewyears，Christiewrotemorebooksandshortstories，gainingexperienceasawriter.Inspiteofherliterarysuccess，lifewasnotgoingwellathome.In1928，ArchieandAgathagotadivorce(离婚).Ashorttimelater，shemetayoungarchaeologist，MaxMallowan.Aftergettingmarriedin1930，theybegantospendsometimeeachyearintheMiddleEast，whichprovidedsettingsforsomeofChristiesnovels，suchasMurderattheVicarage(1930)，MurderontheOrientExpress(1934)andDeathontheNile(1939).Christiecontinuedwritingfortherestofherlife.WhenshediedinJanuary1976，readersaroundtheworldmourned(哀悼)herdeath.Buthertalesofmysterycontinuetobelovedbynewgenerationsofreaders.They'vebeentranslatedintohundredsoflanguagesandaresellingwelltodayandoutsoldonlybytheBibleandShakespeareinBritain.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了英国著名侦探悬疑小说家阿加莎·克里斯蒂的生平和她在写作上取得的成就。★1.Asawhole，thistext.A.isabiographyofAgathaChristieB.promotesAgathaChristie'snovelsC.explainshowAgathaChristiebecameawriterD.isareviewofAgathaChristie'snovels解析 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国著名侦探悬疑小说家阿加莎·\n克里斯蒂的生平和她在写作上取得的成就，因此本文是她的人物传记。故A项正确。答案 A2.WhatdoweknowaboutHerculePoirot?A.HewasbetterknownthanSherlockHolmes.B.HemadeChristiebecomefamous.C.Hewasgoodatcatchingcriminals.D.Hewastheonlymaincharacterinthenovel.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“andtheninventedadetectivenamedHerculePoirot，rankingsecondtoSherlockHolmes，tosolveit”可知，C项正确。答案 C3.Fromtheunderlinedsentence“outsoldonlybytheBibleandShakespeareinBritain”，wecanlearnthat.A.theBiblehelpsherworkstosellinBritainB.thesalesofherworksrankthirdinBritainC.theworksofShakespearedon'tsellbetterthanhersinBritainD.theirsalesareequallygoodinBritain解析 推理判断题。由语境可知，她的作品被翻译成数百种语言，如今的销量依然不错。只有《圣经》和莎士比亚的作品比它卖得好一些。故B项正确。答案 B4.WhichistherightorderforwhatAgathaChristieexperienced?①Shehadherfirstdetectivenovelpublished.②ShefinishedTheMysteriousAffairatStyles.③Hermotherencouragedhertowrite.④HermarriagetoArchieendedindivorce.⑤ShewroteMurderontheOrientExpress.A.③②④①⑤B.③①②⑤④C.②①③⑤④D.③②①④⑤解析 细节理解题。综合全文信息可知，“她母亲鼓励她写作”最先发生，由此可排除选项C；由第三、四段可知，②先于①发生，①先于④发生，由此可排除A、B两项。故D项正确。\n答案 DC组 一年创新导向Passage1(关注充满温情的文章)话题：珍惜家人词数：356Weallhaveourwaysofmarkingtime.Asaphotographer，mylifeismeasuredfromonestorytothenext.MyoldestsonwasborninthemiddleofalongstoryabouttheEndangeredSpeciesAct.Mydaughtercamealongwithapackofgraywolves.Twentystorieslater，though，it'sthestoryinAlaskathatI'llrememberbest.Itwasthestoryaboutthelossofwilderness—andthestoryduringwhichmywifeKathygotcancer.That'stheonethatmadetimestandstill.Istoppedtakingpicturesonthedaywhenshefoundthattumor(肿瘤).Cruelly，itwasThanksgiving.ByChristmas，shehadbecomeveryweak.Somedaysshewassosickshecouldn'twatchTV.Earlyexaminationsavestime.Butourswasnotearly.Bythetimeyoucanfeelityourself，it'softenbiggerthanthedoctorwantsittobe.Cancerisathief.Itstealstime.Ourdaysarealreadyshortwithworry.Thencomesthisterribledisease，unfairasstormatharvesttime.Butcanceralsohasthepowertochangeus，forgood.Welearntosimplify，enjoyingwhatwehaveinsteadoffeelingsorryforwhatwedon't.Cancerevenmademeabetterfather.Myworkhadmademeastrangertomythreekids.ButnowIpayattentiontowhatreallymatters.Thisisnotarace.Thisisanewwayoflifeandnewwayofseeing，allfromthecancer.Intheendeachofushassolittletime.Wehavelessofitthanwecanpossiblyimagine.AndeventhoughitturnsoutthatKathy'scancerhasnotspread，andherprognosis(诊断)isgood，wetrytomakeitallcountnow，enjoyingeverypartofeveryday.I'vepickedupmycameraagain.Iwatchthesky，searchingforbeautifullight.Whenwinterstormscome，KathyandIgatherourchildrenandtakethetimetocatchsnowflakes(雪花)onourtongues.Afterall，thisisgood.Thisiswhatwe'relivingfor.\n【语篇导读】 文章介绍作者为了摄影忽略了家人，但是不幸的是他的妻子得了癌症，为了多陪陪她，作者放弃了摄影，癌症给作者带来的最大的改变是他珍惜和家人在一起的点滴时间，学会享受生活。1.Asaphotographer，theauthorusedto.A.leavehisdaughterwithapackofgraywolvesB.expresshisloveforhisfamilyinaspecialwayC.missagreatmanyimportanthistoricalmomentsD.devotemuchmoretohiscareerthanhisfamily解析 细节题。从第四段的句子：Myworkhadmademeastrangertomythreekids.ButnowIpayattentiontowhatreallymatters.可知作者过去将更多的精力投入到工作中而不是家里，选D。答案 D2.Whydidtheauthordecidetostoptakingpictures?A.Tocurehisowndisease.B.Tospendmoretimewithhiswife.C.Toseekabetterposition.D.Toleavethewildernessalone.解析 细节题。从第二段的句子andthestoryduringwhichmywifeKathygotcancer.That'stheonethatmadetimestandstill.Istoppedtakingpicturesonthedaywhenshefoundthattumor(肿瘤).可知作者停止摄影是因为他的妻子得了癌症，他想多陪陪她，选B。答案 B3.Whatisthebiggestchangethecancerhasbroughttotheauthor?A.Hetreasuredeverybitoftimewithhisfamily.B.Hehasbecomeastrangertohischildren.C.Hetakeshisworkmoreseriously.D.Hefocusesmoreonmedicalcare.解析 细节题。从第四段的句子.Butcanceralsohasthepowertochangeus，forgood.Welearntosimplify，enjoyingwhatwehaveinsteadoffeelingsorryforwhatwedon't.Cancerevenmademeabetterfather.可知癌症给作者带\n来的最大的改变是他珍惜和家人在一起的点滴时间，选A。答案 A4.Theauthorandhisfamilycatchsnowflakesontheirtonguesprobablybecause.A.thesnowflakestasteverygoodB.snowflakesarewhattheyfeedonC.theyregardthatasawaytoenjoylifeD.thereisbeautifullightinthesnowflakes解析 推理题。从文章的最后一段的句子：Afterall，thisisgood.Thisiswhatwe'relivingfor.可知作者和家人一起用舌头捕捉雪花，因为他们觉得这是享受生活的一种方式，选C。答案 CPassage2(关注人生百味类短文)话题：ALD的治疗词数：221WhenararediseaseALDthreatenedtokillthefour－year－oldboyLorenzo，hisparentsrefusedtogiveuphope.DoctorsexplainedthattherewasnocureforALD，andthathewouldprobablydiewithinthreeyears.ButLorenzo'sparentssetouttoprovethedoctorswrong.Theparentsdevotedthemselvestokeepingtheirsonaliveandsearchingforacure.ButdoctorsandthefamiliesofotherALDpatientsoftenrefusedtotakethemseriously.Theythoughttheeffortstofindacurewereawasteoftime，anddrugcompaniesweren'tinterestedinsupportingresearchintosuchararedisease.However，theparentsstillrefusedtogiveupandspenteveryavailablehourinmedicallibrariesandtalkingtoanyonewhowouldhelp.Throughtrialanderror，theyfinallycreatedacurefromingredients(调料)commonlyfoundinthekitchen.Thecure，named“Lorenzo'sOil”，savedtheboy'slife.Despitethegoodresults，scientistsanddoctorsremainedunconvinced.Theysaidtherewasnorealevidencethattheoilworkedandthatthetreatmentwasjustatheory.Asaresult，somefamilieswithALDchildrenwerereluctanttotryit.\nFinally，theboy'sfatherorganizedaninternationalstudytotesttheoil.Aftertenyearsoftrials，theansweris:theoilkeepsALDchildrenhealthy.【语篇导读】 文章讲述Lorenzo得了罕见的ALD，医生说ALD还没有治愈的方法，但是他的父母不放弃，坚持实验，最后找到适合治疗这种病的方法。1.DoctorssaidthatLorenzomightdiewithinthreeyearsbecause.A.theyhadnevertreatedthediseasebeforeB.LorenzowastooyoungtobecuredC.nocurehadbeenfoundforALDD.ALDwasararedisease解析 细节题。从文章第一段的句子：DoctorsexplainedthattherewasnocureforALD，andthathewouldprobablydiewithinthreeyears.可知医生说Lorenzo在三年内可能会死，是因为ALD还没有治愈的方法，选C。答案 C2.ThefamiliesofotherALDpatientsthoughtthat.A.theresearchforthenewcurewouldcosttoomuchmoneyB.theeffortsofLorenzo'sparentswereawasteoftimeC.Lorenzo'sparentswouldsucceedinfindingacureD.Lorenzo'soilwasarealcureforALD解析 细节题。从文章第二段的句子：ButdoctorsandthefamiliesofotherALDpatientsoftenrefusedtotakethemseriously.Theythoughttheeffortstofindacurewereawasteoftime，可知其他ALD的病人认为Lorenzo父母的努力是浪费时间，选B。答案 B3.ScientistsanddoctorsbelievedthatLorenzo'sOil.A.wasreallyeffectiveB.wasasuccessstoryC.onlyworkedintheoryD.wouldsavetheboy'slife解析 细节题。从文章第三段的句子：Despitethegoodresults，scientistsanddoctorsremainedunconvinced.Theysaidtherewasnorealevidencethattheoilworkedandthatthetreatmentwasjustatheory.可知科学家和医生相信Lorenzo'sOil只是在理论上有用，选C。答案 C\n4.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat.A.doctorsremaindoubtfuloftheeffectivenessofthecureB.manyALDpatientsstillrefusetousetheoilC.variouscureshavebeenfoundforALDD.theoilreallyworksasacureforALD解析 归纳题：从文章最后一段的句子：Finally，theboy'sfatherorganizedaninternationalstudytotesttheoil.Aftertenyearsoftrials，theansweris:theoilkeepsALDchildrenhealthy.可知这种油作为ALD的疗法真地管用。选D。答案 DPassage3(关注人物传记)话题：韦伯斯特词数：271NoahWebster，bornonOctober16，1758，isknownforTheAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.Hehasbeencalledthe“FatherofAmericanScholarshipandEducation.”His“Blue－BackedSpeller”bookswereusedtoteachspellingandreadingtofivegenerationsofAmericanchildren.Buthowmuchdoyouknowabouthimbeyondthat?Attheageof16，NoahWebsterbeganattendingYaleCollege.Unfortunately，hespenthisfouryearsatYaleduringtheAmericanRevolutionaryWar，and，becauseoffoodshortages，manyofhiscollegeclasseswereheldinGlastonbury，Connecticut.Later，heservedinthearmy.HavinggraduatedfromYalein1778，Websterwantedtocontinuehiseducationinordertoearnhislawdegree.Hehadtoteachschoolinordertopayforhiseducation.Hesetupmanysmallschoolsthatdidn'tsurvive，buthewasagoodteacherbecauseinsteadofforcinghisstudentstolearn，likemostteachersdid，herewardedthem.Heearnedhislawdegreein1781，butdidnotpracticelawuntil1789.Oncehestartedhefoundthelawwasnottohisliking.Websterdidnothavemuchmoney.In1793，AlexanderHamiltonlenthim$1500tomovetoNewYorkCitytoeditanewspaper.InDecember，hefoundedNewYork'sfirstdailynewspaper，AmericanMinerva，andediteditforfouryears.Fordecades，he\npublishedtextbooks，politicalessays，areportonsomediseases，andnewspaperarticlesforhisparty.Hewrotesomuchthatamodernlistofhispublishedworksrequired655pages.NoahWebsterdiedonMay28，1843andwasburiedintheGroveStreetCemetery.【语篇导读】 本文主要向我们介绍了美式英语的创始人韦伯斯特及其一生。1.What'sthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Webster'sfamousdictionaries.B.Webster'sdailyroutines.C.Webster'smainachievements.D.Webster'scollegeeducation.解析 主旨大意题。通过第一段，我们可知，Webster在美国词典编制、教育、著作方面均有建树，故这段主要讲的是Webster的主要成就。答案 C2.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWebster'slifeatYale?A.Tough.B.Smooth.C.Normal.D.Tiring.解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“unfortunately”“becauseoffoodshortages”我们可推知他在大学的生活是艰难的(tough)。答案 A3.WhatdidNoahwanttobeaftergraduationfromYale?A.Ateacher.B.Alawyer.C.Aheadmaster.D.Ascholar.解析 细节理解题。根据第三段“Websterwantedtocontinuehiseducationinordertoearnhislawdegree”可知答案为B。答案 B4.WhywasWebsteragoodteacher?A.Becausehesetupmanysmallschools.B.BecausehegraduatedfromYaleCollege.C.Becauseheforcedhisstudentstolearn.D.Becauseheoftenrewardedhisstudents.\n解析 细节理解题。由第三段第三行“hewasagoodteacherbecause...herewardedthem”可知答案为D。答案 D5.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A.Websterwasamostproductiveauthor.B.WebsterledamiserablelifeinNewYorkCity.C.Webster'sbooksaddedupto655pages.D.Websterdidn'twriteanypoliticalworks.解析 推理判断题。通过阅读第四段，尤其是最后两句，我们可知Webster出版了许多教科书、政治文章、医学报告等，故选A，他是一位多产的作者。本题易错选C，注意：应是列举他作品的清单可达655页。答案 APassage4(关注广告类文章)话题：音乐老师招聘词数：181NowhiringmusicteachersinTarrytownLocation：Tarrytown，NYCompany：MusikaLLCPosted：August31,2022Company：Musika—MusicTeacherOrganizationhasdistinguisheditselfasthe“goto”companyforteacherslookingforstudents.Foundedin2022，Musikahasthousandsofstudentsalreadyintheprogramandhundredsofcallsarereceiveddaily.Jobdescription：Musikaisalwaysseekingenthusiasticandfriendlyinstructors.Teachersareindependentlyrequiredtoinstructone－on－onelessonsinthestudents'homes，aswellasattheirownteachingstudios.Eachteacherisabletoselectwhichstudentsfittheirlocations，schedules，andteachinglevels.Jobrequirements：\nApplicantsMUSTbeabletosignacontractandagreetoteachforoneyear，provideatleastthreeprofessionalreferences，showaloveofteaching!Qualifications：ApplicantsshouldhaveaBachelordegreeinmusic，5to10yearsprivatemusiclessonsteachingexperience，andacartotraveltostudents'homes.Pay：Payistobedecideddependingonexperienceandotherfactors.IMPORTANT:Musikaconductsthoroughcriminalbackgroundchecksandhasazerotolerancepolicyforanytypeofcriminalactivities.【语篇导读】 本文主要介绍了一招聘广告，一助学机构正在招聘音乐教师。1.Accordingtothepassage，Musikais.A.anorganizationtrainingteachersB.anorganizationprovidingmusicaltutoringjobsC.aschoolinwhichstudentscangetregularmusicaleducationD.aprivateschoolthatprovidesprofessionalmusicaleducation解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“the‘goto’companyforteacherslookingforstudents”及第二段中“instructone－on－onelessonsinthestudents'homes”可知Musika是一助学机构而非学校。答案 B2.AnyapplicantmustsatisfythefollowingqualificationsEXCEPTtogetajob.A.aMasterdegreeinmusicB.norecordsaboutcriminalactivitiesC.acartotraveltostudents'homesD.atleast5yearsprivatemusiclessonsteachingexperience解析 细节理解题。根据“Qualifications”部分我们可知，B、C、D项都正确。A项应改为“aBachelordegree(学士学位)”。答案 A3.Fromthepassage，wecaninferthat.A.teachersoftendividestudentsintoseveralgroupsinclass\nB.differentteachersforthesamejobmayhavedifferentpayC.studentscanchoosetheirteachersaccordingtotheirlevelsD.teachersmustagreetoteachforoneyear.解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Pay”部分可推知B项正确。答案 B
