课时作业(十八) [必修4 Unit3 AtasteofEnglishhumour](限时：30分钟) Ⅰ.完形填空Differentthingsusuallystandfordifferentfeelings.Red,forexample,isthecoloroffire,heat,bloodandlife.Peoplesayredisanexcitingandactivecolor.Theyassociate(使发生联系)redwithastrongfeelinglike__1__.Redisusedforsignsof__2__，suchasSTOPsignsandfireengines.Orangeisthebright,warmcolorof__3__inautumn.Peoplesayorangeisa__4__color.Theyassociateorangewithhappiness.Yellowisthecolorof__5__.Peoplesayitisacheerfulcolor.Theyassociateyellowtoo,withhappiness.Greenisthecoolcolorofgrassin__6__.Peoplesayitisarefreshingcolor.Ingeneral,people__7__twogroupsofcolors:warmcolorsandcoolcolors.Thewarmcolorsarered,orangeand__8__.Wheretherearewarmcolorsandalotoflight,peopleusuallywanttobe__9__.Thosewholiketobewithotherslikered.Thecoolcolorsare__10__andblue.Wheretherearethese__11__，peopleareusuallyworried.Somescientistssaythattimeseemsto__12__bymoreslowlyinaroomwithwarmcolors.Theysuggestthatawarmcolorisagood__13__foralivingroomora__14__.Peoplewhoarehavingarestorareeatingdonotwanttimetopassquickly.__15__colorsarebetterforsomeofficesifthepeopleworkingtherewanttimetopassquickly.1．A.sadnessB．angerC．administrationD．smile2．A.roadsB．waysC．dangerD．places3．A.landB．leavesC．grassD．mountains4．A.livelyB．darkC．noisyD．frightening5．A.moonlightB．lightC．sunlightD．stars6．A.summerB．springC．autumnD．winter7．A.speakB．sayC．talkaboutD．tell8．A.greenB．yellowC．whiteD．gray9．A.calmB．sleepyC．activeD．helpful10．A.blackB．redC．goldenD．yellow6\n11．A.colorsB．peopleC．groupsD．feelings12．A.walkB．goC．runD．move13．A.oneB．wayC．factD．matter14．A.factoryB．classroomC．restaurantD．hospital15．A.DifferentB．CoolC．WarmD．SameⅡ.阅读理解ABillGatesandthepresidentofGeneralMotorshavemetforlunch,andBillisgoingonandonaboutcomputertechnology.“Ifautomotivetechnologyhadkeptpacewithcomputertechnologyoverthepastfewdecades,youwouldnowbedrivingaV32insteadofaV8,anditwouldhaveatopspeedof10，000milesperhour，”saysGates.“Or,youcouldhaveaneconomycarthatweighs30poundsandgetsathousandmilestoagallonofgas.Ineithercase,thestickerpriceofanewcarwouldbelessthan$50.Whyhaven'tyouguyskeptup？”ThepresidentofGMsmilesandsays,“Becausethefederalgovernmentwon'tletusbuildcarsthatcrashfourtimesaday.”Whyisthatfunny(ornotfunny,asthecasemaybe)?Humanbeingslovetolaugh,andtheaverageadultlaughs17timesaday.Humanslovetolaughsomuchthatthereareactuallyindustriesbuiltaroundlaughter.Jokes,sitcomsandcomediansarealldesignedtogetuslaughing,becauselaughingfeelsgood.Forusitseemssonatural,butthefunnythingisthathumansareoneoftheonlyspeciesthatlaughs.Laughterisactuallyacomplexresponsethatinvolvesmanyofthesameskillsusedinsolvingproblems.Laughterisagreatthing－that'swhywe'veallheardthesaying,“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”Thereisstrongevidencethatlaughtercanactuallyimprovehealthandhelpfightdisease.Inthisarticle,we'lllookatlaughter－whatitis,whathappensinourbrainswhenwelaugh,whatmakesuslaughandhowitcanmakeushealthierandhappier.You'llalsolearnthatthere'satremendousamountthatnooneunderstandsyet.16.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．LaughterB．ThejokebetweenGatesandthepresidentofGeneralMotorsC．Whydowelaugh?D．Laughterandhealth17．WhichoneisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Computertechnologyhasdevelopedquicklyduringthepastfewdecades.B．AutomotivetechnologyhasdevelopedasfastascomputertechnologyaccordingtoBillGates.C．ThepresidentofGMthinksitisimpossibletobuildcarsworthlessthan50dollars.D．Ifcarswerelessthan50dollars,alargenumberofaccidentswouldhappenperday.18．Fromthepassagewecanknowthat________．6\nA．humanslaughbecauseitcanfightdiseaseB．humanshavegainedskillstolaughsincetheyarebornC．humansareoneoftheonlyspeciesthatcanlaughD．laughingcanmakehumansfeelbad19．Theunderlinedword“sitcoms”inParagraph3means“________”．A．situationcomediesB．tragediesC．bodylanguagesD．fictions20．Thispassageismostprobablyan________．A．introductionofanarticleaboutMicrosoftB．introductionofanarticleaboutlaughterC．articleaboutlaughterD．introductionofanarticleaboutGeneralMotorsBAnewstudyhasfoundthatmakingsomeonelaughisoneofthebestwaystowoo(求婚)one'slover.However,researchershavediscoveredthatnotallhumourisequal.Thequickestpathtosuccessistouseaveryspecificformofwit:selfdeprecation.“Manystudiesshowthatasenseofhumourisattractivetowomen,especiallytotheirgirlfriends,butwe'vefoundthatselfdeprecatinghumouristhemostattractiveofall，”saidanthropologistGilGreengross.Onepossibleexplanationisthattaking_the_mickey_out_of_oneselfisahighriskstrategy.“Itisariskyformofhumourbecauseitcandrawattentiontoone'srealfaults,therebydiminishing(缩小)theselfdeprecator'sstatusintheeyesofothers.Butbasedontheideathatselfdeprecatinghumourcanbeanespeciallyreliableindicatornotonlyofgeneralintelligenceandcreativity,butalsoofmoralvirtuessuchashumility.”AnthropologistKateFox，authorofWatchingtheEnglish,believesselfdeprecationisuniquelyvitalforthosewithanEnglishculturalbackground：“FortheEnglish，therulesofhumouraretheculturalequivalentofnaturallaws—weobeythemautomatically，ratherinthewaythatweobeythelawofgravity.”“Pomposity(夸耀)andselfimportanceareoutlawed.Seriousmatterscanbespokenofseriously,butonemustnevertakeoneselftooseriously，”sheadded.“Aslongaseveryoneunderstandstherules,theyaredulyimpressedbothbyone'sachievementsandbyone'sreluctance(不愿)totalkaboutthempublicly.”However,Greengrosswarnsofanotherdangerintheuseofselfdeprecation.“Ifyouarealowstatusindividual,usingselfdeprecatinghumourcanbedisastroustoyou，”hesaid.“Thinkaboutthesecondaryschoolchildwhomnobodyliked,whomadefunofhisshortcominginsports.Hiskidslaughedathimandhewasconsideredmorepathetic(悲惨的)thanhewaspreviously.Thisishighriskattraction.Itisnotforeveryone.”21．WhatisKateFox?6\nA．Afilmmaker.B．Anofficialatschool.C．Alawyer.D．Anexpertinstudyinganthropology.22．Fromthepassage，weknowthatGilGreengross________.A．isattractivetowomenalltheway,especiallytohisgirlfriendB．believesthathehimselfisreallytheauthorofWatchingtheEnglishC．thinksthatalowstatusindividualcanbedisastroustohim/herwhileusingselfdeprecationD．lovesthesecondaryschoolchildwhomnobodylikedbecauseofhisshortcominginsports23．Theunderlinedphrase“takingthemickeyoutofoneself”(inParagraph3)maybereplayedby________．A．makingsomeonelaughB．selfdeprecationC．obeyingthelawofgravityD．pomposityandselfimportance24．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Thequickestpathtosuccessistomakesomeonelaugh.B．Selfdeprecationperhapslowersitsstatusintheeyesofothers.C．TheEnglishobeynaturallawswithoutobeyingthelawofgravity.D．Nobodylikesmakingfunofonechild'sshortcominginsports.25．Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A．Anovel.B．Asurveystudy.C．Apetmagazine.D．Atravelguide.6\n课时作业(十八)Ⅰ.不同颜色往往可以代表不同的心情。根据不同颜色的特点以及给人留下的感觉，颜色的选择在日常生活中往往也起着一定的作用。本文以其中的一些颜色为例作了相关的解释说明，是一篇知识性很强的文章。1．B 根据上文的strongfeeling可知anger符合文意。2．C 下文所列举的例子STOPsigns和fireengines都属于危险信号，故选danger。3．B 根据常识，黄色应是秋天树叶的颜色，故应选leaves。4．A 下文提到人们把黄色和幸福联系起来，说明黄色是一个充满生机的颜色，故选lively。5．C 下文提到黄色是令人愉快的颜色，根据常识太阳光的颜色是黄色，故选sunlight。6．B 绿色是春季里草的颜色，故选spring。7．C speak后面往往接某种语言作宾语；say后面常接说话的内容；tell的宾语一般是人；talkaboutsth意为“谈论某事物”。故C项正确。8．B 根据上文对yellow的解释，可知yellow也属于warmcolor。9．C 与下文喜欢冷色调的人相对应，再根据上文对各种暖色调的解释可知，active为正确选项。10．A 四个选项中只有black可归到冷色调中去。11．A 前一句讲的是冷色调，故此处选colors。12．B goby意为“走过，流逝”，与下文的pass照应。13．B 根据上文，暖色调的环境下时间似乎过得更慢，说明暖色调是用来装饰起居室和饭馆的好方法，故选way。14．C 由下一句中的areeating提示可知选C。15．B 与暖色调相对立，冷色调适用于办公室，以使人感觉时间过得比较快。Ⅱ.A俗话说得好：“笑一笑，十年少”。本文是一本书的引言，通过比尔·盖茨和通用汽车公司总裁的幽默谈话向我们讲述了“笑”的作用：它可以促进我们的身体健康，增强抵御疾病的能力。16．D 主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出：文章通过一个幽默引出了笑的作用：可以增进我们的身体健康，增强抵御疾病的能力。17．B 细节理解题。文章第一段的Ifautomotivetechnologyhadkeptpacewithcomputertechnologyoverthepastfewdecades,youwouldnowbedrivingaV32insteadofaV8，用的是虚拟语气。意思是：如果在过去的几十年里汽车的发展要是跟得上电脑技术的话，那么你现在开的就会是V32而不是V8。18．C 细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段的Forusitseemssonatural,butthefunnythingisthathumansareoneoftheonlyspeciesthatlaughs.可知。19．A 词义猜测题。该词的意思应和此句前面的Jokes(笑话)以及下文的comedians接近，故选A。而tragedies(悲剧)，bodylanguages(身势语),fictions(小说)均不在此列。20．B 推理判断题。由最后一段的后半部分尤其是Inthisarticle,we'll…可以看出，该文是一篇文章的引言部分，用以吸引读者，介绍文章的内容。B21．D 细节理解题。根据GilGreengross和KateFox的谈话内容，即“爱与笑”是人类社会永恒的话题。因此，两位专家都是研究人类学的。故选D项。22．C 推理判断题。对于GilGreengross的相关信息表述，只有C项符合倒数第二段GilGreengross所说的Ifyouarealowstatusindividual,usingselfdeprecatinghumourcanbedisastroustoyou一句的含义。6\n23．B 词义猜测题。由第四段的解释Itisariskyformofhumour…toone'srealfaults，therebydiminishingtheselfdeprecator'sstatusintheeyesofothers.说明takingthemickeyoutofoneself就是“戏弄自己”，也就是“自嘲”(selfdeprecation)。24．B 推理判断题。A项错在与第一段最后一句不吻合；B项正确是因为与第四段中Itisariskyformofhumour…diminishingtheselfdeprecator'sstatusintheeyesofothers.一句吻合；C项错在与第五段最后一句weobeythemautomatically,ratherinthewaythatweobeythelawofgravity.不吻合；D项错在与最后一段第一句不吻合。25．B 推理判断题。文章讨论的是谦卑、笑声以及自嘲等的运用，说明一种社会问题，极有可能出自某个调查研究。故不可能是A项(小说)、C项(宠物杂志)、D项(旅游指南)，而应该是B项(一份调查研究)。6
