Unit4Sharing李仕才***阅读理解。Oursuccess，satisfactionandgeneralhappinessinlifeisnotdependentonwhathappenstousbuthowwedealwithit.Youwillprobablyknowfrompersonalexperiencewhatadifferenceyourattitudecanmakewhen，forexample，you’rereturningfaultygoodsormakingacomplaint.Anopen,politeandfriendlyapproach，expectingasatisfactoryresult，normallyresultsinoneaspeopletendtorespondwithasimilarattitude.If，however，youpresentanargumentwithanangry，accusingtone，expectingtrouble，thereislittledoubtthatthisiswhatyou’llget!Somepeopleseetheworldthroughafilterofoptimismandsomethroughafilterofpessimism(悲观)whichlargelycomesdowntohavingapositiveornegative(消极的)attitude.Peoplewhoaresufferingfromanegativeattitudeprimarilythinkthatsomethingcan’tbedone；theytalkaboutproblems,seeallthedifficulties，findfaultwithandcriticizeotherpeopleandfocusonallthethingstheywouldlikebuthaven’tgot.Onthecontrary，peopleblessedwithapositiveattitudethinkthatanythingispossible.Theylookforwaystosolvetheproblems,theyseethegoodineverybody，andtheyaregratefulforallthegoodthingsintheirlives.Whethersufferingfromorblessedwithyourattitude，thisisnotsomethingthatisputonusfromtheoutside.Weareverymuchresponsibleforourownattitude.Weallstartoutwitha“clean”boardbutthiscangetmuddiedbyourexperiencesinlife.Aschildrenwearemadefunofandevengetbullied(欺侮)andrejected，starttoexperiencedoubtandloseourselfconfidence.Ifthiscontinuesintoadulthood，itcanresultinabadattitudeinlaterlife.【解题导语】 本文展现了积极的人生态度的重要性。1．ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatpeoplearelikelytotreatothers．A．thewaytheyaretreatedB．betterwhentheyaresatisfied7\nC．worsewhentheyareintroubleD．thewaytheyconsiderappropriateA 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的整体内容尤其是“aspeopletendtorespondwithasimilarattitude”可知，你以什么样的态度对待他人，他人也会用同样的方式对待你。2．Accordingtothewriter，whataffectspeople’slifeattitude?A．Thesituationtheyface.B．Thepeoplearoundthem.C．Theirexpectationsoflife.D．Thewaytheyviewtheworld.D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的整体内容并结合最后一段中的“Wearevery...Weallstartoutwitha‘clean’boardbutthiscangetmuddiedbyourexperiencesinlife.”可知，人们看待世界的方式会左右他们对事物的态度，人们的人生经历对人生态度又有影响，故选D。3．Whatisthepurposeofthewriterinwritingthispassage?A．Toshowhowtoavoidanegativeattitude.B．Toshowtheimportanceofapositiveattitude.C．Tosharehispositiveattitudewithhisreaders.D．Todescribetheeffectsofanegativeattitude.B 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段并结合全文的内容可推知，作者写本文的目的在于表明积极的人生态度的重要性。***语法填空。NobelPrize－winningnovelistGabrielGarciaMárquezwaspraisedasthemostpopularSpanish－languagewritersinceCervantes,creatorofDonQuixote.Hedied__1__April17inMexicoCityattheageof87,whichpeopleconsider__2__greatlosstotheworldofliterature.GarciaMárquezwasborninColombiabutlivedinMexico__3__morethan30years.Heisbestknownforhis1967masterpiece,theepicnovelOneHundredYearsofSolitude,aboutthetrialsand__4__(suffer)ofonefamilyoverseveralgenerations.Widelytaughtincollege,it__5__(sell)about50millioncopiesinmorethan25languages.7\n__6__areworthmentioningaretwoothernovelsincludingTheAutumnofthePatriarch(1975),aboutacruelCaribbeanruler,andLoveintheTimeofCholera(1985),abouttwoloversforcedtoseparateintheiryouth__7__findeachotheragainwhentheyarecloseto80.__8__GarciaMárquezwasawardedtheNobelPrizein1982,theSwedishjudgespraisedbothhisnovelsandshortstories“inwhichthefantasticandthe__9__(reality)arecombinedinarichlycomposedworldofimagination,__10__(reflect)acontinent'slifeandconflict”.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍已故诺贝尔文学奖获得者GabrielGarciaMárquez的作品及小说上的成就。1．on考查介词。空后是具体日期，所以用on。2．a考查冠词。agreatloss“一个巨大的损失”，作此意讲时常用单数，a在此处表泛指。3．for考查介词。morethan30years是个时间段，所以用for。4．suffering(s)考查词性转换。由空前并列的名词“trials”可知，此空需要填suffer的名词形式，作“苦难”讲时，既可认为是可数，也可认为是不可数名词。5．hassold考查动词的时态。根据上下文的意思，此处表示已经卖出约五千万本，作此义讲时，物作主语，无被动形式，故用现在完成时。6．What考查主语从句的连接词。空处引导了一个主语从句，且在主语从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”，所以用what。7．who/that考查定语从句的引导词。空处引导一个定语从句，且替代先行词twolovers，在从句中作主语，故用who/that。8．When考查连词。空处引导—个时间状语从句，且表示“当……时候”，故用when。9．realistic考查词性转换。此处需要一个形容词，与前面的“fantastic”并列。10．reflecting考查非谓语动词。此空为现在分词作伴随状语。***完形填空。Ispentlastsummervolunteeringatahospital.Itwasagiftto__1__somanyamazingpeopleandI'dliketoshareoneofthesemoments.Oneday，Iwascalledtoaroomwherea(n)__2__womanwasstaying.UsuallyIhelpedwith__3__whowerereadytoleave.Instead，she__4__togotothegiftshop.Igota__5__，helpedherintoit，andheadeddowntotheentrance.7\nWhenwegotthere，itwasn'topenyet.Aftera30minute__6__，weenteredthegiftshop.AsIpushedheraround，Icouldseethe__7__inherfaceasshelookedateverything，happytobeoutofherroom.She__8__somewindowdecorations，andthensawchocolates.Sheaskedmetopushherinthat__9__，andthenIhelpedher__10__allthedifferentchocolatearrangements.__11__shedecidedonthreedifferentboxes.Shetoldmetowritethenumbers1,2，and3ontheboxes.She__12__thatthenursesweretakingsuchgoodcareofher，soshe__13__chocolatesforeachofthethreeshiftsofnurses.Aswegavethecurrentshiftofnursestheirboxofchocolates，they__14__offeredsometomebeforetakingsomethemselves.Therewere__15__allaround.Witnessingtheoldlady's__16__andgettingtheopportunitytospendtimewithsomeonewhogotsomuchjoyfromlifewerea__17__initself.Ihavesomanymorestories，andeachpersonmadeanimpactonmylife.I've__18__thathealthhasawayofbringingpeopletogether.__19__isablessing，andbeinginaplacewherehealthisso__20__andappreciatedisunlikeanythingelse.1．A.introduceB．meetC．attractD．describe2．A.elderlyB．strangeC．importantD．famous3．A.nursesB．kidsC．patientsD．parents4．A.pretendedB．wantedC．failedD．promised5．A.carB．shoppingcartC．wheelchairD．bike6．A.rideB．walkC．driveD．wait7．A.reliefB．anxietyC．joyD．puzzle8．A.choseB．madeC．usedD．received9．A.mannerB．caseC．directionD．point7\n10．A.prepareforB．makeupC．figureoutD．lookthrough11．A.SuddenlyB．EventuallyC．FortunatelyD．Actually12．A.explainedB．declaredC．expectedD．imagined13．A.exchangedB．designedC．tastedD．bought14．A.infactB．atalossC．inturnD．atease15．A.whispersB．smilesC．shoutsD．cheers16．A.kindnessB．choiceC．decisionD．loneliness17．A.lessonB．chanceC．giftD．fact18．A.concludedB．imaginedC．predictedD．learned19．A.HealthB．LuckC．VirtueD．Praise20．A.testedB．valuedC．maintainedD．promoted【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在医院做义工的经历，老人的善良和快乐让作者领悟到健康是福的道理。1．B 上文提到作者在医院做义工，下文又提到分享故事，由此可知，此处指“见到”许多了不起的人。故选B项。2．A 从下文16空前的“oldlady's”可知，此处指“上了年纪的”。故选A项。3．C 从语境可知，此处指作者作为医院的义工，通常帮助那些准备离开的“病人”。故选C项。4．B 上文提到作者通常帮助那些准备离开的病人。结合Instead“反而”可知，此处老人并不是准备离开，而是想去礼品店。故选B项。5．C 从下文7空前的“AsIpushedheraround”可知，此处指“轮椅”。故选C项。6．D 前一句提到“当我们到达礼品店时，商店还没有开门”，可以推断此处指30分钟的“等待”。故选D项。7\n7．C 从空后的“happytobeoutofherroom”可知，此处指“高兴”。故选C项。8．A 上文提到“shelookedateverything”，接下来应是“选择”。故选A项。9．C 结合语境可知，此处指老人要求作者推着她朝巧克力的方向走去。故选C项。10．D 根据空后的“allthedifferentchocolatearrangements”可以推出，此处指作者帮老人“浏览”了所有不同的巧克力的布置。故选D项。11．B 在作者帮老人浏览完后，“最终”老人做出了决定。故选B项。12．A 上文提到老人购买了三种不同盒子的巧克力并让作者在上面写上数字。接下来是老人向作者解释为何这样做。故选A项。13．D 老人解释说护士们如此精心地照顾她，所以她为轮班的护士“买”了巧克力。故选D项。14．C 当作者他们给当前值班护士巧克力时，值班护士转而给了作者一些。故选C项。15．B 从下文17空前的“whogotsomuchjoyfromlife”可知，此处指“微笑”。故选B项。16．A 结合上文老人的行为不难看出，老人是一个善良的人。故选A项。17．C 此处指作者的感慨：能和从生活中得到如此多快乐的人在一起本身就是一个“礼物”，和上文第一段的“Itwasagiftto...people”相呼应。故选C项。18．D 此处指作者从做义工的经历中“学习”到，健康常常把人们聚集在一起。故选D项。19．A 上文中作者提到健康，接下来说，“健康”是福，符合语境。故选A项。20．B 此处指待在健康被如此“重视”的地方和其他事情不同，空处与空后的“appreciated”并列。故选B项。***短文改错。Nowadaysmanypeoplecrossthestreetswithoutwatchingtrafficlight.Sotrafficaccidentsoftenhappentothosedon'tobeythetrafficrules.Ithasbeentheseriousproblem.Whydon'ttheyobeytherules?Becausesomeofthemlackoftrafficruleawareness.Andmostofthemarebusygotowork.Butwhatcanwesolvetheproblem?Firstofall,wemustobeythetrafficrules.Secondly,whoeverbreakthetrafficrulesshouldbepunished.Atlasttheyshouldteachkidshowtocrossthestreetssafely.Unlesswedolikethat,wewillhavefewerandfewertrafficaccidents.Andwewouldliveahappierlife.答案：Nowadaysmanypeoplecrossthestreetswithoutwatchingtraffic.So7\ntrafficaccidentsoftenhappentothosedon'tobeythetrafficrules.Ithasbeenseriousproblem.Whydon'ttheyobeytherules?Becausesomeofthemlacktrafficruleawareness.Andmostofthemarebusytowork.Butcanwesolvetheproblem?Firstofall,wemustobeythetrafficrules.Secondly,whoeverthetrafficrulesshouldbepunished.Atlastshouldteachkidshowtocrossthestreetssafely.wedolikethat,wewillhavefewerandfewertrafficaccidents.Andweliveahappierlife.难项分析：第二处：those后加who考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，those作先行词且指人，故用who引导定语从句，修饰those，意为“不遵守交通规则的人们”，且关系代词在句中作主语，不能省略。第六处：what→how考查疑问词。分析句子结构可知，动词solve之后有宾语，因此不用what，需用表示方式的副词how引导该疑问句。第七处：break→breaks考查主谓一致。whoever相当于anyonewho，在句中作主语时谓语动词应用单数形式。***7
