渭南市2021年高三教学质量检测（Ⅰ）英语考生注意：1.本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。3.本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthedrugstore.B.Atthebarber’s.C.Atthelaundry.2.Whenwillthecoatsbefinished?A.Thursday.B.Friday.C.Saturday.3.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.WorriedB.Satisfied.C.Delighted.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Theyshareonecartowork.B.Theycometoworkearlier.C.Theygetmoreworkdone.5.WhywillthemangotoEdinburgh?A.Todosomesightseeing.B.Todrivethewomanthere.C.Tomeetsomeimportantpeople.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、,C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanasktodoatfirst?A.Trythegloves.B.Returnthegloves.C.Changethegloves.7.Howmuchwillthewomanpaytogettheglovessheprefers?A.$29.95.B.$35.25.C.$5.3.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdowelearnaboutthecouple?A.Theyareonvacation.B.Theywentonatriplastyear.C.Thewifedoesn’tliketotravel.9.Howlongdoesthetripintheadvertisementtake?A.7days.B.14days.C.21days.10.Whydoesn’tthewifelikethetripintheadvertisement?A.Shepreferstostayinthesameplace.B.Shedoesn’tliketravellingbyship.C.Shedislikesthefoodtobeofferedonthetrip.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheadvantageofthenewproduct?A.Tohelpsettlefamilyproblems.B.Tobringconveniencetopeople’slives.C.Toequipthehousewithdifferentthings.12.Whatistherobotprogrammedtodo?A.Repairingandguarding.B.Shoppingandcooking.C.Cleaningandwashing.13.Howdoesthewomanliketheproduct?A.Itissafeenough.B.Itisverypopular.C.Itistooexpensive.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?,A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.Guideandtourist.15.Wheredoesthemanlivenow?A.Inthewoman’shouse.B.Inhisapartment.C.Inahotel.16.Whatimpressedthemanmostinthepark?A.Peopledancinginpublic.B.Thebeautifulscenery.C.Lotsofstatues.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhendidMr.Jonesjointhecompany?A.Fiveyearsago.B.Thirtyyearsago.C.Fortyyearsago.18.WhatwasMr.Jones’firstpromotion?A.Officemanager.B.Headdriver.C.Vicepresidentofoperations.19.HowdidMr.Jonesgethisdegree?A.Bystudyingfull-time.B.Bystudyingwithateam.C.Bytakingnightclasses.20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.TowelcomeMr.Jonesasanewemployee.B.TocelebrateMr.Jones’retirement.C.TocongratulateMr.Jonesonhisnewjob.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABookRecommendationSecondHarvestAuthor:DonAgeyLikethefirstinstallment,EclecticHarvest,thisbookincludesrhymedpoemswhichem-ploydifferentpoetictechniques.Ifyouareinterestedinit,buyitatadiscount.OfHumanNatureandGoodHabitsAuthor:PrabhashKaranResearchclaimsthatmaintainingonly5goodhabits—eatinghealthily,exercising,drinkingproperly,notsmokingandmaintainingahealthybodyweight—cannotonlykeepthelifeingoldenyearshealthybutalsoextendthelifetimeoftheoldmenandwomenby12yearsand14years,respectively.Thebookillustratessomeaspectsoflifestyles.Asyoucansee,thisbookisespeciallysuitableforpeopleafterretirement.TheDuelingWizardsofSimpletownAuthor:WhitneyLeePrestonTheDuelingWizardsofSimpletownisataleoffantasyinvolvingtwosillymagicians,andatrickyplanbytheirtwo-facedservant.Thereisnodoubtthatkidswilllikeit.MarvltandGoregGetinBigTroublewithaDinosaurAuthor:ConnorAnstissMarvltandGoreglivenextdoortoeachother,andarebestfriends.Thesetwonaughty8-year-oldsseemtogetintoallsortsoftroubles.Atthezoo,theyhaveamuchdifferentencounter.Willtheybeokay?Readitandfindtheansweryourself.1.Whichbookwillinterestpoetryloversmost?A.SecondHarvest.B.OfHumanNatureandGoodHabits.C.TheDuelingWizardsofSimpletown.D.MarvltandGoregGetinBigTroublewithaDinosaur.2.WhatdoesPrabhashKaranthinkenablestheagedtolivelonger?A.Gainingweight.B.Keepingahealthydiet.C.Eatingmore.D.Drinkingmuchwine.3.What'sMarvltandGoregGetinBigTroublewithaDinosaurabout?A.Astoryofzookeepers.B.Theexperienceoftwomagicians.C.Ataleoftheanimalandchildren.D.Thewaytodealwithnaughtychildren.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文向读者推荐了四本书。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据关键词“poetry”定位到SecondHarvest，结合本段中“Likethefirstinstallment,EclecticHarvest,thisbookincludesrhymedpoemswhichem-ploydifferentpoetic,techniques.”和第一部《收获折衷主义》一样，这本书收录了押韵的诗歌，运用了不同的诗歌技巧。所以SecondHarvest这本书最能吸引诗歌爱好者。故选A。2.细节理解题。结合关键词“PrabhashKaran”可以定位到“OfHumanNatureandGoodHabits”，结合“Researchclaimsthatmaintainingonly5goodhabits—eatinghealthily,exercising,drinkingproperly,notsmokingandmaintainingahealthybodyweight—cannotonlykeepthelifeingoldenyearshealthybutalsoextendthelifetimeoftheoldmenandwomenby12yearsand14yearsrespectively.”研究表明，只保持健康饮食、锻炼、适量饮酒、不吸烟、保持健康体重等5个良好习惯，不仅可以使老年人的晚年生活保持健康，而且可以使老年人的寿命分别延长12年和14年。可知，保持五个良好的习惯（健康饮食、运动、适量饮酒、不吸烟、保持健康体重）可以让男性老人和女性老人的预期寿命分别延长12年和14年。故选B。3.细节理解题。结合关键词“MarvltandGoregGetinBigTroublewithaDinosaur”，定位到文章最后一个黑体字部分。根据“MarvltandGoreglivenextdoortoeachother,andarebestfriends.Thesetwonaughty8-year-oldsseemtogetintoallsortsoftroubles.Atthezoo,theyhaveamuchdifferentencounter”Marvlt和Goreg是邻居，他们是最好的朋友。这两个淘气的八岁小孩，好像惹了很多麻烦。在动物园里，他们有着截然不同的遭遇.可知，这本书讲述了关于动物和孩子的故事。故选C。BThe64-year-oldMahendra,theSecretaryatPeopleforAnimals(PFA),talksabouthisdisabledandwoundeddogslikeafathertalksabouthischildren—withthesamelove,affectionandwarmth.ItwasthislovethatledhimtoestablishIndia'sfirstshelterhomefordogslivingwithdisabilities.Itallstartedin1998.Whiletakingamidnightwalk,Mahendracameacrossaveryweakdogonthestreet,whoseboneswerevisibleunderitsskin.Mahendradecidedtofeeditandforthenextcoupleofdaysitbecamethecentreofhislife,untilthenightwhenhefounditdead.Afterthat,Mahendrastartedprovidingtreatmenttoallwoundedandsickdogshecameacross.Sometimelater,someonetoldMahendraaboutPFA,India'slargestanimalwelfareorganization,chairedbyMrsManekaGandhi.Mahendracontactedherandshewasimpressedbytheworkhewasdoing.MrsGandhiaskedhimtostartaPFAchapterinAhmedbad.Thus,in2004,hestartedtheshelter.IttookalongtimeforMehendratofindthelandwherethesheltercouldbesetup.Finally,RameshBhaiPatel,anativefarmerfromavillagenamedJundal,agreedtogivehislandfornothing.Alongwithateamoffourdoctorsandmanyvolunteers,the,shelternowhas25dogsthatwereunabletowalkatallwhentheywerebroughtin.Today,they'reslowlyhealing.Dogsthathavehealedwithpropertreatmentaresentbacktowheretheycamefromiftheenvironmentthereissafe.However,theshelterwillbehometotheblinddogsforalltheirlives,saysMahendra.TheshelterrunsonmoneycomingfromMahendra'sownpensionofRs.45,000.Therehavebeensomefinancialcrunchesnowandthen,butMahendraisdeterminedthatnomatterwhatchallengecomestheirway,they'llfightthrough.4.WhatmadeMahendradecidetodosomethingfordisabledandsickdogs?A.HiscontactwithPFA.B.TheencouragementofGandhi.C.AwalkwithasickdogofGandhi.D.Thedeathofahomelesssickdog.5.WhathappenedtoMahendrawhenhetriedtobuildtheshelter?A.Hesecuredgovernmentfunds.B.Hegotalandfromalocalfarmerforfree.C.Helearnedmedicalknowledgefromdoctors.D.Hemetwithmuchdifficultyinfindingvolunteers.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crunches”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Advantages.B.Crisis.C.Services.D.Details.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMahendra?A.Kind-hearted.B.Humorous.C.Open-minded.D.Modest.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.A【解析】本文是记叙文，讲述了Mahendra成立印度第一个残犬、病犬收容所的过程和收容所的现状。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句“Itallstartedin1998.”这开始于1998年。接下来第二段讲述了Mahendra散步时遇到了一条受伤的狗，然后就全身心地照顾他，直到小狗死亡。再结合第三段“Afterthat,Mahendrastartedprovidingtreatmenttoallwoundedandsickdogshecameacross.”在那之后，Mahendra开始为他遇到的所有受伤的和生病的狗提供治疗，综合可知，一只虚弱、生病的流浪狗的死亡让他决定为残疾和生病的狗做些什么。故选D项。,【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Finally,RameshBhaiPatel,anativefarmerfromavillagenamedJundal,agreedtogivehislandfornothing.”可知，最后一个名叫RameshBhaiPatel，来自Jundal的农民同意将自己的土地无偿让给他。即当Mahendra试图建造庇护所时，他从当地一位农民那里免费得到一块地。故选B项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线词后“butMahendraisdeterminedthatnomatterwhatchallengecomestheirway,they'llfightthrough.”但是Mahendra决心无论他们面临什么样的挑战，他们都将战胜它。再结合划线单词所在句子“Therehavebeensomefinancialcrunchesnowandthen”时不时有经济方面的crunches，结合两句的意思以及两句之间的转折关系，可知financialcrunches意思应该是“经济方面的困境，危机”，结合选项，可知crunches是“危机”的意思，故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据Mahendra救助一只虚弱、生病的流浪狗，并努力建立残犬、病犬收容所的故事可知，他是一个善良的人。故选A项。CModesteTraorehaslivedhiswholelifenearLakeWegnia,intheSahelareaofMali.Thelake’sfishhaveprovidedhimwithawaytoearnmoneytosupporthisextendedfamily.How-ever,becausehecan’tcatchenoughfishtofeedhisfamily,henowraisesfarmanimals.Butastemperaturesrise,evaporationincreases,makingthebodyofwatershrinks.StudieshavelinkedrisingtemperaturesonEarth’ssurfacetoclimatechange.Thelakeisshrinking,soarethechancesofhischildrenbecomingfishermen.“Ifthingsgoonlikethis,Idon’tthinkourchildrencanbecomefishermenlikeus.Theywillhavetochooseotherjobs,”the56-year-oldTraoresaid.“Duringtherainyseason,thereisalotofwaterbutassoonasit’sover,thereisnowaterleftinthelake.Wearefishermen.Idon’tthinkourchildrenwillbe,”hesaid.LakeWegniaisintheSahelregionofKoulikoro,around120kilometersnorthofMali’scapital,Bamako.Some12,000people,includingfishermenandfarmers,dependonitforfood,waterandemployment.Butthelakehasshrunkby20percentsince2017.TheUNexpectstemperaturestheretoincrease1.5timeshigherthantheaverageincreaseworldwide.UNofficialsnotethatthefloodingandaseverelackofrainfallcancauseproblemsin,theSahel:Foodinsecurity,thefightoverfarmlandandthefastpopulationgrowthcanleadtoconflict.AidgroupisleadingtheEco-LacWegniaproject.Thegroupisworkingtoimprovewatermanagementandfighttheeffectsofglobalwarming.MoussaSavagodoisEco-LacWegnia’slocalrepresentative.Hesaysthatfailingtomakechangesquicklycanmeanthelakewilldisappearcompletelyinlessthan5years.PeopleintheruralareasWegniaandKononi-Sirakorohaveplanted56,000treesinthepasttwoyears.Andtheyarebettercontrollingtheirwaterbybuildingstonebarrierstohelpthesoilkeeptherainthatdoesfall.Theprogressandinternationalofficialsupportarenotenoughforthem,however.Moreandmorepeopleareturningtootheragriculture.8.HowdidTraoreworktosupporthisfamilyinthepast?A.Byfishing.B.Byraisingfarmanimals.C.Bytakingchargeofthelake.D.Byworkingasanenvironmentalist.9.WhateffectwillthecurrenttrendofthelakehaveaccordingtoTraore?A.Alotoffarmlandwillform.B.Therainyseasonwillendearly.C.Manyfishermenwillfleetheirhomes.D.Thelatergenerationwillchangetheircareers.10.WhichstatementdotheUNandAidgroupagreewith?A.Droughtandfloodwilldirectlycauseconflict.B.Reducingpopulationisawaytoprotectthelake.C.Watermanagementmakesnodifferencetothelake.D.Theriseintemperaturewillcausewaterresourceproblems.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thelocalofficials.B.TheAidgroupmembers.C.Thevillagers.D.Therepresentatives.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C【解析】本文是说明文。马里不断缩小的湖泊意味着渔民家庭的末日。随着气温升高和蒸发的增加，水体萎缩导致湖泊逐渐缩小，渔民的孩子成为渔民的机会也在减少。,【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thelake’sfishhaveprovidedhimwithawaytoearnmoneytosupporthisextendedfamily.How-ever,becausehecan’tcatchenoughfishtofeedhisfamily,henowraisesfarmanimals.”（湖中的鱼为他提供了赚钱养家的途径。然而，由于他捕不到足够的鱼来养活家人，他现在饲养农场动物。）可知，在过去，Traore靠捕鱼养家。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“‘Ifthingsgoonlikethis,Idon’tthinkourchildrencanbecomefishermenlikeus.Theywillhavetochooseotherjobs,’he56-year-oldTraoresaid.”（“如果这样下去，我想我们的孩子可能成为不了我们这样的渔民了。他们将不得不选择其他工作，”56岁的特拉奥雷说。）可知，下一代人将会选择其他的职业。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“UNofficialsnotethatthefloodingandaseverelackofrainfallcancauseproblemsintheSahel:Foodinsecurity,thefightoverfarmlandandthefastpopulationgrowthcanleadtoconflict.”（联合国官员指出，洪水和严重缺雨会给萨赫勒地区带来问题：粮食不安全、农田争夺和人口快速增长都可能导致冲突。）可知，可知温度上升会导致水资源的问题。故选D。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“PeopleintheruralareasWegniaandKononi-Sirakorohaveplanted56,000treesinthepasttwoyears.”（在Wegnia和Kononi-Sirakoro农村地区的人们在过去两年里种植了56000棵树。）以及下文“Moreandmorepeopleareturningtootheragriculture.”（越来越多的人转向其他农业。）可知这里指的是这些村民通过建造石头屏障来使土壤保持雨水，从而更好地控制水分。所以they指的是村民。故选C。DMeninBritainfearsocialshameoforderingvegetabledishes.Therehasbeenared-wine-and-beefcultureforalongtime,inwhichmenareexpectedtochoosethefoodthatistherichest,thefullestandthebiggest.Thismaystartfromatimewhenmeatwasformostpeoplemoreofanoccasionalfeastchoicethandailyfood,makingitaneconomicstatusmarkeraswellasoneofstrength.Morerecently,thishasmixedwiththegrowingcultureofmalephysicalperfection,withmenspendingmoretimeinthegymtogetthatInstagram-perfectlook,helpedalongbyeatinglotsofprotein.,Meat-eatersareincreasinglyawareoftheecologicalandhealthproblemscausedbytheirconsumption.However,thisisn’tenoughtomakethemgiveupeatingmeat,butifenoughpeoplepackeditin,whichmeansifeatingmeatbecametheexception,theneventhemostenthusiasticmeat-eatermightchangetheirhabits.Traditionalideasarepoisoningoursociety.Whatshouldmendothen,iftheywanttoreducetheirmeat-eatingwithoutconstantquestioningoftheirchoices?Oneanswermaybetomakeacleanbreak.Itishardjusttodolessofsomething,becauseeachtimeyouneedtoorderyouhavetomaketheefforttodecideagain.workingouthowbesttoavoidtheunwantedadviceofyourfellowdiners,aswellaswrestlingwithyourinsideconflicts.Decidingonceandforalltogiveupmeatisasingledecisionwhichthendoesn’tcomeupfordiscussionasoften,asitbecomesanacceptedfactoflife.Ifavegetabledietcanpowerthetoughestmen,itshouldsurelybeenoughformaleseverywhere.12.Whydoestheauthormentionmenspendingmoretimeinthegym?A.Toexplainwhymenloveeatingmeat.B.Toadvocatethepracticeofworkingout.C.TointroducethepopularInstagramapp.D.Tostresstheimportanceofphysicalappearance.13.Whatmightcausementogiveupeatingmeataccordingtoparagraph2?A.People’sunpleasantexperiencesofeatingmeat.BPublicawarenessofhealthrisksofeatingmeat.C.Men’slossofenthusiasmaboutthenutritionofmeat.D.Enoughpeople’sabandonmentofmeat-eatinghabits.14.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?ATraditionalideasarepoisoningBritishsocietyB.Meat-eatersareincreasinglyawareofthehealthproblemC.BritishmenareincreasinglycaringaboutphysicalperfectionD.Britishmenfearsocialshameoforderingvegetabledishes15.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Ahealthmagazine.B.Abiologyresearch.C.Aneducationalpaper.D.Amedicalreport.,【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了英国男人为何难以放弃吃肉习惯的原因——英国男人害怕点蔬菜会让自己蒙羞。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Morerecently,thishasmixedwiththegrowingcultureofmalephysicalperfection,withmenspendingmoretimeinthegymtogetthatInstagram-perfectlook,helpedalongbyeatinglotsofprotein.(最近，这与日益增长的男性完美身材文化交织在一起，男性会花更多时间在健身房，以获得Instagram上完美的外表，同时吃大量蛋白质也有助于这一点。)”可推知，作者提到男人花更多的时间在健身房来解释为什么男人喜欢吃肉。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,thisisn’tenoughtomakethemgiveupeatingmeat,butifenoughpeoplepackeditin,whichmeansifeatingmeatbecametheexception,theneventhemostenthusiasticmeat-eatermightchangetheirhabits.(然而，这并不足以让他们放弃吃肉，但如果有足够多的人放弃吃肉，这意味着如果吃肉成为例外，那么即使是最狂热的肉食者也可能改变他们的习惯。)”可知，足够多的人放弃吃肉的习惯可能会导致男性放弃吃肉。故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章，并根据第一段第一句“MeninBritainfearsocialshameoforderingvegetabledishes.(英国男人害怕点蔬菜会让自己蒙羞。)”和最后一段“Decidingonceandforalltogiveupmeatisasingledecisionwhichthendoesn’tcomeupfordiscussionasoften,asitbecomesanacceptedfactoflife.Ifavegetabledietcanpowerthetoughestmen,itshouldsurelybeenoughformaleseverywhere.(彻底决定放弃肉类是一个单一的决定，它不会经常被讨论，因为它已经成为生活中被接受的事实。如果蔬菜饮食能给最强壮的男人带来力量，那么对世界各地的男性来说也应该足够了。)”可知，本文主要讲述了英国男人为何难以放弃吃肉习惯的原因，因为英国男人害怕点蔬菜会让自己蒙羞；结合选项可知，选项D.Britishmenfearsocialshameoforderingvegetabledishes.(英国男人害怕点蔬菜会在社交上丢脸)切题。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。阅读文章，并根据第二段“Meat-eatersareincreasinglyawareoftheecologicalandhealthproblemscausedbytheirconsumption.(,肉食者越来越意识到他们的消费所造成的生态和健康问题。)”可知，本文主要讲述英国男性为何喜欢吃肉的原因，以及英国男人害怕点蔬菜会在社交上丢脸。由此可推知，本文最可能出现在健康杂志上。故选A。第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Aspeoplegrowolder,theirrolesandresponsibilitiesalsogrow.Leavingtheadolescentyearsbehindgetsapersononajourneyofself-discoveryandindependence.Theteenageyearsareatimeforlearningandrecognizingsomeresponsibilities.___16___Thoughteenagersdonothavethesameresponsibilitiesasadults,theydohavesomeveryimportantones.___17___Oneoftheresponsibilitiesistoprovideloveandsupporttotheirparents.Lovingandrespectingtheirparents’decisionswillmakethefamilyfunctionbetter.Givingemotionalsupporttootherfamilymembersisanotherresponsibilityofateenager.___18___Also,ateenager’sresponsibilitiesincludedoinghousework.Asamemberofthefamily,ateenagershoulddotheirpartinhousekeepingsincetheyliveinthehousetoo.Notonlydoyoungpeoplehavetheseresponsibilities,buttheyarealsoresponsibletotheircommunities.Inordertobecomeanimportantpartofsociety,teenagerslearntobegoodcitizens.___19___Bylearningabouttheworldandthegovernment,teenagerswillbebetterpreparedtostepupandbethenextgenerationofgovernmentofficials.Teenagersshouldalsoparticipateincommunityactivities.Projectstohelpbetterandcleantheworldshouldbeamajorgoalateenagershouldtrytoachieve.Communityactivitieswillalsoteachteenagersmoralprinciplesthatwillhelpduringadulthood.Teenagersmustalsostartdecidingandtakingastandonsocialproblems.___20___Teensneedtopreparethemselvestotaketheirplacesinsociety.Therefore,theyneedtoworkonbecomingstrongadults.Anyway,themostimportantresponsibilityateenagerhasistheonetohimself.A.Teenagersplayafundamentalroleinthefamily.B.EachteenagershouldhaveaveryclearlifegoalC.Thenteenagerscangrowintoresponsibleadults.D.Inordertodothis,onemustlearnaboutthegovernment.E.Parentsneedtoencourageasenseofachievementintheirkids.,F.Thishelpspreparethemfortoughdecisionstheymayfaceasadults.G.Itcaninfluencememberstostruggleforthebestandhelpthembecomebetterpeople.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是人们随着年龄的增长，角色和责任也在增长。离开青春期，一个人开始了一段自我发现和独立的旅程。【16题详解】根据上文“Theteenageyearsareatimeforlearningandrecognizingsomeresponsibilities.(青少年时期是学习和认识一些责任的时期。)”可知在青春期学习和认识责任之后，这样青少年就能成长为负责任的成年人。所以C项内容符合文意，故选C项。【17题详解】根据本段内容“Oneoftheresponsibilitiesistoprovideloveandsupporttotheirparents.(其中一项责任就是给父母提供爱和支持。)”；“Givingemotionalsupporttootherfamilymembersisanotherresponsibilityofateenager.(给其他家庭成员情感上的支持是青少年的另一项责任。)”；“Also,ateenager’sresponsibilitiesincludedoinghousework.(此外，青少年的责任还包括做家务。)”可知本段主要讲述的是青少年在家庭中可以去承担的责任，所以A项“青少年在家庭中扮演着重要的角色。”符合本段主题，故选A项。【18题详解】根据前文“Givingemotionalsupporttootherfamilymembersisanotherresponsibilityofateenager.(给其他家庭成员情感上的支持是青少年的另一项责任。)”可知这么做，它可以影响家庭成员努力做到最好，帮助他们成为更好的人。G项内容符合文意，“members”同词复现，故选G项。【19题详解】根据前文“Inordertobecomeanimportantpartofsociety,teenagerslearntobegoodcitizens.(为了成为社会的重要组成部分，青少年要学会做一个好公民。)”结合下文“Bylearningabouttheworldandthegovernment,teenagerswillbebetterpreparedtostepupandbethenextgeneration,ofgovernmentofficials.(通过了解世界和政府，青少年将更好地准备加强，成为下一代政府官员。)”可知青少年要成为好的公民，应当了解政府，D项“为了做到这一点，必须了解政府。”适合承接上下文，故选D项。【20题详解】根据上一句“Teenagersmustalsostartdecidingandtakingastandonsocialproblems.(青少年还必须开始就社会问题作出决定并表明立场。)”可知青少年应学会表明立场，可为日后面临艰难决定做好准备，F项“这有助于他们为成年后可能面临的艰难决定做好准备。”适合承接上文，故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inmystartingdaysofreal-lifepractice,Itookupajobinadirectsalesfirmasadoor-to-doormarketer.I___21___thisjobandthegoodpaypushedmetobecomethebestatthedoor-to-doorsales.ThemottogiventousbyourCEO,MrJonessounds___22___—meet200peopleandthenyou’llachieve10sales.Butit’snotthatsimpletodo.I___23___thiseveryday.Mostofthedays,Ijustcouldn’tmeet200peopleandthe___24___leftshortofmytarget.ButwheneverIdidmeet200people,Icouldachievethetarget.SoIrealizedthemottowastruly___25___words.Thereweresomanypeoplewhoslammed(砰地关上)their___26___inmyface.Thekidsansweredthedoor,shouting“Mom,another___27___ishere”.Somescaredmewiththeirdogs.Someeven___28___tocallthepolice.Somecalledmeathief.___29___,therewereaminorityofpeoplewhogavemethestrengthto___30___hourafterhour,dayafterday.Iremembersucha___31___:OneSundayattherailwaystationI___32___tosellsomethingtotwopositivecustomers.OneofthemevenwenttoATMtoget___33___formeduringthebigrain.WhenIaskedhimnotto___34___,hisreplymademeevenstronger.HesaidthatwhenIcouldsellinthebigrainthenhecould___35___intheraintogetthemoneytohelpme.Theseexperiencesinmylifemademeastrongerpersonandmademe___36___thatnomatterwhathappensinlife,Icannevergiveup___37___.Andthat’showIhavebeenabletoachievea,littlesuccessfrombeing___38___tobeingsomewhere.I’mtheCEOofmyownmarketingcompanynow.ThelessonIlearntfromdoor-to-doorsalesisthatgooddoorsare___39___there,andwehaveto___40___severalbadonesbeforereachingthegoodone.Keepgoingandyou’llreachyourtarget.21.A.lostB.offeredC.likedD.refused22.A.easyB.ridiculousC.complexD.confusing23.A.wroteB.playedC.thoughtD.practiced24.A.salaryB.resultC.goodsD.partners25.A.warningB.comfortingC.magicalD.meaningless26.A.booksB.doorsC.phonesD.windows27.A.neighborB.strangerC.salesmanD.beggar28.A.threatenedB.forgotC.expectedD.determined29.A.BesidesB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.However30.A.goawayB.stayupC.carryonD.pullout31.A.reportB.novelC.movieD.situation32.A.preferredB.managedC.failedD.wished33.A.cashB.foodC.drinksD.tickets34.A.stopB.returnC.troubleD.complain35.A.sellB.walkC.talkD.stand36.A.realizeB.imagineC.doubtD.dream37.A.exercisingB.shoppingC.learningD.trying38.A.everywhereB.anywhereC.somewhereD.nowhere,39.A.neverB.alwaysC.seldomD.sometimes40.A.openB.repairC.breakD.avoid【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.B27.C28.A29.D30.C31.D32.B33.A34.C35.B36.A37.D38.D39.B40.A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者如何从一名上门推销的销售员成为公司CEO的故事。作者想通过这个故事告诉我们，坚持下去，就会实现目标的。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢这份工作，高薪促使我成为最擅长上门销售的人。A.lost丢失；B.offered提供；C.liked喜欢；D.refused拒绝。根据后文“thegoodpaypushedmetobecomethebestatthedoor-to-doorsales.”可知，高薪促使作者成为最擅长上门销售的人，由此可知，作者是喜欢这份工作的。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的首席执行官Jones先生给我们的座右铭听起来很容易——遇到200个人，你就能完成10笔销售。A.easy容易的，简单的；B.ridiculous荒唐的；C.complex复杂的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据后文“Butit’snotthatsimpletodo.”可知，Jones先生的座右铭听起来简单，但实际不简单。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天都实践这个座右铭。A.wrote写；B.played玩耍；C.thought思考；D.practiced实践，实行。根据后文“Mostofthedays,Ijustcouldn’tmeet200people…”可知，作者每天都用实际行动去实践Jones先生的那个座右铭。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大部分的日子里，我不能见到200个人，结果也没有达到我的目标。A.salary工资；B.result结果；C.goods货物；D.partners搭档。根据前文描述可知，作者很多时间见不到200个人，所以此处表示结果没有达到作者的目标。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我意识到这句座右铭真的很有魔力。A.warning警告的；B.comforting安慰的；C.magical魔法的；D.meaningless毫无意义的。根据前文“Butwhenever,Ididmeet200people,Icouldachievethetarget.”可知，只要作者见到200个人，作者的目标都会实现，所以在作者看来，这句座右铭很有魔力。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有那么多人当着我的面砰地关上门。A.books书；B.doors门；C.phones电话；D.windows窗户。根据后文“Thekidsansweredthedoor…”可知，此处指的是关上门。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们开门，喊着“妈妈，又来了一个推销员”。A.neighbor邻居；B.stranger陌生人；C.salesman销售员；D.beggar乞丐。根据前文“Inmystartingdaysofreal-lifepractice,Itookupajobinadirectsalesfirmasadoor-to-doormarketer.”可知，因为作者是上门推销人员，所以孩子说又来了一个推销员。故选C。28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人甚至威胁要报警。A.threatened威胁；B.forgot忘记；C.expected期待；D.determined决定。根据“tocallthepolice”可知有些人在对作者进行威胁。故选A。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，也有少数人给了我力量，让我日复一日，日复一日地坚持下去。A.Besides此外；B.Otherwise否则，要不然；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。前文说人们讨厌上门推销的作者，此处说到有少数人给了作者力量，前后是转折关系，所以空处需用转折意义的副词however。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，也有少数人给了我力量，让我日复一日，日复一日地坚持下去。A.goaway离开；B.stayup熬夜；C.carryon继续；D.pullout摆脱，撤出。根据前文“therewereaminorityofpeoplewhogavemethestrength”可知，有少部分人给了作者力量，所以这让作者能继续坚持下去。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得这样的情况。A.report报告；B.novel小说；C.movie电影；D.situation情况。根据前文“therewereaminorityofpeoplewhogavemethestrength”和空后描述可知，作者在列举得到少部分人支持的一个情形。故选D。【32题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个星期天在火车站，我设法向两个有希望的顾客推销了一些东西。A.preferred偏爱；B.managed设法；C.failed失败；D.wished希望。根据“OneofthemevenwenttoATMtoget 13 formeduringthebigrain.”可知作者成功推销出去了一些东西，managetodosth.设法做成了某事。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：下雨的时候，他们中的一个甚至去自动取款机为我取钱。A.cash现金；B.food食物；C.drinks饮料；D.tickets票。根据前文“ATM”可知，此处指在自动取款机取钱。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我请求他不要麻烦时，他的回答使我更加坚强。A.stop停止；B.return返回；C.trouble费神，麻烦；D.complain抱怨。根据前一句描述可知，有个人冒雨要为作者去取钱，所以此处表示作者让他不要麻烦了。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，当我能在大雨中推销的时候，他就可以冒着雨走着去拿钱来帮助我。A.sell出售；B.walk行走；C.talk谈话；D.stand站立。前文说要去取钱，所以此处需用动词walk表示冒雨走到自动取款机处取钱。故选B。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些经历让我变得更坚强，让我意识到无论生活中发生什么，我都不能放弃尝试。A.realize意识到；B.imagine想象；C.doubt怀疑；D.dream梦想。根据“nomatterwhathappensinlife,Icannevergiveup 17 .”可知这是作者领悟意识到的事情。故选A。【37题详解】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.exercising锻炼；B.shopping购物；C.learning学习；D.trying尝试。根据文章最后一句“Keepgoingandyou’llreachyourtarget.”可知，此处表示不放弃尝试。故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是我如何从一无所有走向成功的原因。A.everywhere到处；B.anywhere任何地方；C.somewhere某个地方；D.nowhere没有任何地方。根据空后“somewhere”可知，空处需用名词nowhere，表示从一无所有走向成功。故选D。【39题详解】,考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从上门销售中学到的教训是，好的门总是存在的，在找到好的门之前，我们必须打开几扇坏的门。A.never从不；B.always总是；C.seldom几乎不；D.sometimes有时候。根据文章最后一句和生活常识可知，生活中总是有好的门存在的，所以此处需用副词always。故选B。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.open打开；B.repair修理；C.break打破；D.avoid避免。此处ones指代的是门，再结合后文“beforereachingthegoodone.”可知，到达好的门之前，我们都要打开几扇坏的门。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Afterdeclininginthe1970s,pandanumbersaregraduallyontheriseagain.ThepandawasoncewidespreadthroughoutsoutheasternChina.However,decreasinghabitats,___41___(nature)disasterssuchastheearthquakesinSichuan,and___42___species’unwillingnesstobreedseetheblack-and-whitebearbecomeanobjectofprotection.Thanks___43___agrowingnetworkofreservesandcommunityprotectionactions,pandasarenolonger___44___(endanger),butthebiggesthopefortheirlong-term___45___(survive)istheGiantPandaNationalParkwhichwillbeopeninthecomingmonths.___46___(cover)around10,500squaremiles,theparkwillformawildlifecorridorincentralSichuanProvince.AttheedgeoftheTibetanPlateau,Sichuan___47___(attract)alargenumberoftravelersovertheyears.Infact,it’shometomorethan80%oftheworld’swildpandas.Theparkisadaringstep___48___isaimedatpreservingthecountry’suniquewondersandencouragingmorewildlifetourism.___49___(actual),supportingratherthantransportinglocalcommunitieshasbeenachallengefortheUSduringtheformationofitsnationalparkssystem,anditremains___50___(see)ifChinawillbeabletostrikeasustainablebalance.Butforthepandasatleast,itannouncesapromisingadvanceforprotectioninaregion.【答案】41.natural42.the43.to44.endangered45.survival46.Covering,47.hasattracted48.which/that49.Actually50.tobeseen【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于自然灾害影响，熊猫这个物种不愿意交配哺育后代，一度成为濒临灭绝的动物，经过社会的保护措施，成功使之脱离灭绝的危险。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，栖息地的减少、四川地震等自然灾害以及该物种不愿繁殖，使得这种黑白相间的熊成为保护对象。根据“地震”可知此处表示“自然灾害”，短语naturaldisasters表示“自然灾害”，所以用形容词natural修饰名词disaster。故填natural。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：同上。空后的species’unwillingnesstobreed为名词短语，表示“物种不愿繁殖”，表示特指，所以应在前加定冠词the，故填the。【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于保护区网络和社区保护行动的不断发展，大熊猫不再处于濒危状态，但它们长期生存的最大希望是即将在未来几个月开放的大熊猫国家公园。根据thanks和句意可知此处应填to，构成固定短语thanksto，表示“幸亏，由于”，故填to。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子可知are后应接形容词作表语，endanger的形容词为endangered，表示“濒临灭绝的”，符合语境，故填endangered。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：同上。根据句意和形容词短语long-term(长期的)，可知空处应填入名词作宾语，survive的名词为survival，表示“存活”，是不可数名词，故填survival。,【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地约10500平方英里，将成为四川省中部的野生动物走廊。分析句子结构可知，此处为分词作状语，cover与主语park之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，空处位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Covering。【47题详解】考查时态。句意：四川地处青藏高原的边缘，多年来吸引了大量游客。分析句子结构可知，空处为本句的谓语动词，结合时间状语overtheyears可知时态应为现在完成时，结构为have/hasdone，主语Sichuan为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填hasattracted。【48题详解】考查定语从句。句意：该公园是一个大胆的举措，旨在保护该国的独特奇观，鼓励更多的野生动物旅游业。分析句子结构结合句意可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词为step，指物，从句缺少主语，所以可用关系代词which或that代替先行词，充当从句的主语，引导该从句，故填which/that。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：事实上，在美国国家公园体系形成的过程中，对当地社区的支持(而不是运输)一直是一个挑战，而中国能否实现可持续的平衡还有待观察。分析句子结构可知，空处为状语，修饰整个句子，用副词，空处位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Actually。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。由remain可知此处应用非谓语动词中的不定式结构remaintodo，结合句意可知“它”和“观察”之间是被动关系，应使用不定式的被动形式tobedone，故填tobeseen。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。,增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。AnincreasingnumberofEnglish-educatedChineseparentsoverseashascometorealizetheimportantofChineselearning.Intheiropinion,whileEnglishisnecessarytoourchildren,itisessentialthattheirkidshavegoodcommandofChinese.China’srisehasmadethemawarehowthattheirkidscanbenefitoftheirbilingualism(双语能力)whichenhancestheircompetitivenessinthejobmarket.Previously.theyproudlydeclarethattheyknewEnglishonly.Now,theyhavebeguntogivesupporttotheirkidtolearnChineseanditsculture.Beside,theyalsomakeoccasionalvisitstoChina,inthattheycanbeexposedtoitsrichculture.【答案】1.has→have2.important→importance3.our→their4.good前加a5.删除how6.of→from/by7.declare→declared8.kid→kids9.Beside→Besides10.that→which【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了越来越多的受过英语教育的海外中国父母开始意识到学习汉语的重要性。详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：越来越多的受过英语教育的海外中国父母开始意识到学习汉语的重要性。分析句子可知，句子主语为parents，所以构成现在完成时的助动词要用have。故has改为have。2.考查名词。句意同上。结合句子，定冠词the置于名词之前，所以important改为importance。故important改为importance。,3.考查人称代词。句意：在他们看来，虽然英语对他们的孩子来说是必要的，但是他们的孩子掌握好中文是很重要的。结合上文“Intheiropinion,”可知此处指的是对他们的孩子而言，所以人称上要用their。故our改为their。4.考查固定搭配。句意同上。固定短语：haveagoodcommandof意为“精通，掌握”，所以在good前加上冠词a。故good前加上a。5.考查宾语从句。句意：中国的崛起让他们意识到，他们的孩子可以从双语中受益，从而提高他们在就业市场上的竞争力。分析句子可知，本句主语为China’srise，谓语为hasmade，宾语为them，形容词aware做宾补，其后的句子为宾语从句。该从句中不缺句子内容和成分，所以删除how。故删除how。6.考查固定短语。句意同上。固定短语：benefitfrom/bysth.意为“得益于”，故of改为from/by。7.考查时态。句意：以前，他们自豪地宣称，他们只懂英语。结合本句中“Previously”及“theyknewEnglishonly”可知，此处时态用一般过去时。故declare改为declared。8.考查名词复数。句意：现在，他们开始支持他们的孩子学习中文和中国文化。根据句中their，可知此处孩子们要用复数。故kid改为kids。9.考查连词。句意：此外，他们还偶尔访问中国，在那里他们可以接触到中国丰富的文化。分析句子可知，本句和上文构成补充关系，所以用连词。Beside，意为“在......旁边”，为介词；Besides，意为“而且，此外”，为连词。故Beside改为Besides。10.考查定语从句。句意同上。分析可知，本句主句为“theyalsomakeoccasionalvisitstoChina,”，其后内容为定语从句。先行词为visits，在定语从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where，关系副词可以用“介词+关系代词”来替换，先行词指物，所以用which。故that改为which。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，你的好友Jack听闻你校即将举办70周年校庆（anniversary），他对此很感兴趣。请给他回信，告诉他活动的相关事宜，内容包括：1.活动时间、地点；2.活动内容（精彩的文艺表演等）；3.欢迎届时来观看演出。注意：1.词数100左右；,2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】DearJack,Iamsogladtohearthatyouwanttoattendtheseventiethanniversaryofourschool.Hereissomethingyoumaybeinterestedinandyoushouldknow.TheceremonywillbeheldnextSunday.Andyoushouldarriveatthestadiumofourschoolbefore9am.Alotoffamousschoolmateswillattendtheceremony.What’smore,therewillbeplentyofwonderfulperformances.Meanwhile,youcantakephotosoftheceremonyifyoulike.Itisapleasuretowelcomeyoutotheanniversary.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的好友Jack听闻你校即将举办70周年校庆，对此很感兴趣。要求考生给Jack回信告诉他活动的相关事宜。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.活动时间、地点；2.活动内容（精彩的文艺表演等）；3.欢迎届时来观看演出。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）attend;anniversary;beinterestedin;ceremony;arriveat;thestadium;famous;schoolmate;What’smore;plentyof;wonderful;performance;Meanwhile;takephotosof;pleasure;welcome.第三步：连词成句1.Iamsogladtohearthatyouwanttoattendtheseventiethanniversaryofourschool.2.Hereissomethingyoumaybeinterestedinandyoushouldknow.3.Andyoushouldarriveatthestadiumofourschoolbefore9am.,4.Alotoffamousschoolmateswillattendtheceremony.5.What’smore,therewillbeplentyofwonderfulperformances.6.Meanwhile,youcantakephotosoftheceremonyifyoulike.7.Itisapleasuretowelcomeyoutotheanniversary.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：What’smore,Meanwhile2.表文章结构顺序：Firstofall,Secondly,Thirdly.(供参考)3.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but.(供参考)4.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult(供参考)连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]Iamsogladtohearthatyouwanttoattendtheseventiethanniversaryofourschool.(使用that引导宾语从句。)[高分句型2]Meanwhile,youcantakephotosoftheceremonyifyoulike.(使用if引导条件状语从句。)
