绝密★启用前高三英语考试注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。AThebestsciencefictionbooksof2021Wetakealookatthemostexcitingnewscience-fictionbooksof2021.Nomatterwhatkindofsciencefictionfanyouare,we'resureyou'llfindsomethingtoaddtoyourreadinglist.TheSaintsofSalvationByPeterF.HamiltonTheOlyixhavelaidsiege(围攻)toEarth,harvestingpeoplefortheirgod.Citiesareruinedbytheirweaponsandmillionshaveeitherfledtoseekrefugeinspaceorarefightingawarthatseemsunwinnable.AsEarth'sdefeatdrawsevercloser,ateamaresenttoentertheOlyix'sair-shipsecretly.Theirplan?ThisisthefinalsciencefictioninPeterF.Hamilton'sextremelysurprisingseriesTheSalvationSequence.ADesolationCalledPeaceByArkadyMartineThisimpressivesequel(续集)toArkadyMartine'sHugoAward-winningsciencefictionbookseestheTeixcalaanliEmpirefacinganalienthreatwhichcouldbringaboutitscompletedestruction.FleetcaptainNineHibiscussendsapersontonegotiatewiththemysteriousinvadersJackFourByNealAsherJackFour-oneoftwentyhumanclones-hasbeencreatedtobesold.Hispurchasersarethe,aliensandtheyonlywanthimfortheirexperimentationprogram.ButthereissomethingdifferentaboutJack.Nocloneshouldpossesstheknowledgethat'sbeenloadedintohismind.RabbitsByTerryMilesRabbitsisasecret,dangerousandsometimesdeadlyundergroundgame.Therewardsforwinningareunclear,buttherearerumorsofmoneyoritmightunlocktheuniverse'sgreatestsecrets.Everyoneknowsthatthedeeperyouget,themoredeadlythegamebecomes-andthebodycountisrising.Sincethegamefirststarted,tenroundshavetakenplace.Theeleventhroundisabouttobegin,andwhathappensinthegame,staysinthegame21.WhatcanweknowaboutTheSaintsofSalvation?A.It'saboutthewaramongpeopleonearth.B.TheOlyixaredefeatedintheend.C.ItbelongstoTheSalvationSequence.D.It'sthelastnovelofPeterF.Hamilton.22.WhatdoesNineHibiscusdotosaveTeixcalaanliEmpire?A.Hegivesthealienacompletedestruction.B.Heletssomeonenegotiatewiththealien.C.Hefightsagainstthealienbravely.D.Hemakesthealienfaceathreat.23.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inabookrecommendation.B.Inanartmagazine.C.Inabiography.D.Inanovel.BJaminCrowwaitedsilentlyforthebullmoose(麋鹿)toturnandfacehim.Inthecold,theteenstoodwithhisgunrestingonabranch.Hewaitedandwaited.Thenthemooseturned,andhisbrotherstartedtoyell,"Shoot!"IfCrowdidn'tshoot,hisbrotherwould.SoCrowtookadeepbreathandpulledthetrigger."Ilookatmybrotherandhe'sgivingmethehappiestlookI'veeverseen,"hesays.CrowlivesinBethel,intheremoteregionofAlaska.Forgenerations,hisfamilyhaspracticedsubsistence(生存)huntingtogetfoodonthetable.Theprocesshasn'tchangedmuch.TheCrowsusemotorboatsandsnowmobilestogettotheirmoosecamp,whichservesasahomebasewhilethey'reonhuntingtrips."Foodisveryexpensivehere.Youhavetoshipeverythingup,"Crowsays."Wedon'tgooutjustfortheantlers(鹿角).We'renotlookingforprize;we'renothuntingforsomethingbig.We'relookingformeattofeedourfamilies.",CrowisoneofthreeAlaskaNativestudents-alongwithKayleeKingandEthanLin-coin-whorecordedtheirhuntingtraditionbeforetheygraduatedlastspring.Theirrecordwaschosenasafinalistinthisyear'sNPRStudentRecordChallenge.Thethreestudentssayhuntinghelpedthemgetthroughtheisolationofthepandemic,whentheirschoolsandmanyotheractivitieslikesportswereshutdownbecauseofCOVID-19.Thestudentsexplainthat,astimegoesby,fewerandfewerpeoplearepracticinghunting."Itmakesmereallysadbecausethewayweusedtodothingsissodifferentfromhowwedothemnow,"Crowsays."Evenourlanguageisslowlyfadingaway."Forthestudents,thepracticeofhuntingallowsthemtoconnectwitholdergenerations."WheneverIgoouthuntingwithmygranny,I'malwayshearingpaststoriesaboutwhenmydadwasakidandhewenthuntingormylategrandpahowhewouldjusttakethefamilyup,"Crowsays.24.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toreachaconclusion.B.Tosummarizetheessay.C.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.D.Tointroducethemajorcharacterintheessay.25.Whatcanbeinferredfromthehuntingtradition?A.Itispopularwiththeyouth.B.Itishardtogiveupthetradition.C.Itistoughtokeepthistraditionalive.D.Itisvitaltosharethetraditionwithfriends.26.WhichwordcanbestdescribeCrow?A.Sympathetic.B.Tolerant.C.Conservative.D.Ambitious.27.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.HuntinginthewildisbannedB.StudentsdohuntingforfunC.SchoolswereshutdownD.StudentswenttraditionalhuntingCInthestruggletosurvivetheeverhotterdesertsofCalifornia,therearewinnersandlosers.Amongthelosersaredesertbirds,whosepopulationshavefallenamongtheheatstressofclimatechange.Thewinners,itturnsout,aresmallburrowingmammals(穴居哺乳动物),whichtakerefugefromthesununderground.Researchersnotedthatthestablemammalspopulationsformedastrikingcontrasttotheextremelybadconditionofbirds.Butwhy?Birdshadahigherevaporative(蒸发)heatloss.Birdsweremoreexposedtotheeffectsofwarming,sotheyhadhigherenergycoststomaintaintheirbodytemperature.However,,mammalswereabletoreducetheirbodytemperaturebyusingburrowsduringtheday.Temperatureshaverisenabout4degreesFahrenheitonaverageacrosstheareastudied,buttheheataffectsbirdsandsmallmammalsdifferently.Aspartofthestudy,scientistsmodeledeachspecies'bodytemperatureandcoolingneedsunderdifferentdesertconditions.Tocalculatethat,theymeasuredtheconductivity(传导率)oftheanimals'furorfeathers,andusedinformationontheirheatreducingbehaviors.Themodelsshowedthatinthefightagainstclimatechange,therewasnotalevelplayingfieldforfurredandfeathereddesertanimals.Coolingcosts-ortheresourcesneededtomaintainstablebodytemperature-wereabout3.3timeshigherforbirdsthantheywereforsmallmammals,thestudyreported.Smallmammalshaveshownthisremarkablestability.It'sreallyquiteinterestingthat,inthesameregion,withthesamelevelofclimatechange,thesetwospecieshaverespondedverydifferentlytothechangestakingplace.Insightsintothestatusofdifferentspeciescanhelpscientiststakestepstoprotectthem,suchasincreasingfirepreventioninhighdesertareas,andenhancingwatersourcesinthoseareas.ThestudyalsodemonstratesthatclimatechangeisalreadyreshapingtheCaliforniadesert.28.Whycandesertburrowingmammalssurvivebetterthandesertbirds?A.Burrowingmammalsprefertoliveindeserts.B.Burrowingmammalseatlessduringtheday.C.Burrowingmammals'cavesarenaturalshelters.D.Burrowingmammalsliveinthesamecommunity.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Birdsandsmallmammalsresponddifferentlytoclimatechanges.B.Birdsinthedesertweredefeatedbyclimatechanges.C.Animalslivingundergroundhavehighercoolingcosts.D.Temperatureriseaffectstheburrowingmammalslittle.30.Whatisthepossiblemeaningofthenewfinding?A.Burrowingmammalsmayhelpbirdsduringtheday.B.Governmentswillimprovewaterquality.C.Manwillreshapethedesertstosavethemselves.,D.Scientistscansavespecieswithscientificmeans.31.Whatdoweknowfromthetext?A.It'stimetochangethedesertsintogreenfields.B.Desertbirdsaremorelikelytosurviveindeserts.C.Burrowingmammals'habitatneedsimprovinggreatly.D.Burrowingmammalssurviveclimatechangeunderground.DDatabasemaintenance(数据库维护)isanactivitydesignedtokeepadatabaserunningsmoothly.Anumberofdifferentsystemscanbeusedtobuildandmaintaindatabases.Databasesareusedtomaintainalibraryofinformationinawell-organized,accessibleformat(格式).Theyusuallyarenotstatic(静态的),becausechangesareconstantlybeingmadeasmaterialisadded,removed,andmovedaround.Overtime,thiscancausethedatabasetostarttogowrong.Databasemaintenanceisusedtokeepthedatabasecleanandwell-organizedsothatitwillnotlosefunctionality.Oneimportantaspectofmaintainingadatabaseissimplybackingupthedatasothat,ifanythinghappens,therewillbeanothercopyavailable.Somedatabasesystemsactuallydothisautomaticallyandthensendthebackuptoanotherlocationeveryday,everyweek,orwithinanyothersetperiodoftime.Backupsareusuallynotenough,however.Databasemaintenanceincludescheckingforsignsofcorruptioninthedatabase,lookingforproblemareas,andcheckingforanydetailinthedatabasethatmightsignalaproblem.Thegoalistokeepthedatabaseoperatingsmoothlyforusers,sothatideallytheyneverneedtothinkaboutmaintenanceissues.Adatabasethatisnotmaintainedcanbecomeslow,andpeoplemaystarttoexperienceproblemswhentryingtoaccessrecords.Themaintenanceofdatabasesisgenerallyperformedbypeoplewhoarecomfortableandfamiliarwiththedatabasesystemandthedetailsoftheparticulardatabase,althoughsomemaintenancetaskscanbeperformedbypeoplewhodonothaveexperience.Numeroustextbooksareavailablewithinformationaboutdatabasemanagement,includinghowtomaintaindatabasesproperly.Itisalsopossibletotakecoursestolearnaboutdifferentdatabasesystemsandhowtocarefordatabases.Peoplecanalsoearncertificationsinspecificsystemswhichindicateahighlevelofcompetence.,32.Whatcanweknowaboutdatabases?A.Theyarealwayswellorganized.B.Theyareoftenchangeable.C.Theymainlyservethelibrary.D.Theycanorganizenews.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"dothis"inparagraph2referto?A.Maintainadatabase.B.Sendabackup.C.Correctmistakes.D.Backupdata.34.Whatistheaimofdatabasemaintenance?A.Tolookforsignsofbreakingdown.B.Tocheckforanydetail.C.Tomakedatabaserunsmoothly.D.Toensurethesafetyofusers.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whatdatabasemaintenanceis.B.Howpeoplekeepdatabaseoperatingsmoothly.C.Howpeoplefinishmaintenancetaskswell.D.Whydatabasemaintenanceisimportant.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThebiggestmisconceptionthatI'veeverheardofisthatinorderforustofindsuccessinanything,wemustbewillingtogiveupsomethingelse.36.Overtheyears,I'vecometorealizethatisn'ttrue.AsIgrow,Ifindseveralthingsaretrulystoppingusfromlivingamorefulfillinglife.Belowaresome.PlacelimitationsonyourselfOnthesurface,limitationsarethethingsthatstopyoufromachievingsomething.37.You'llkeepfacingthesameproblems,forcedtomakethesamechoices,andperformthesameactionsrepeatedly.Theydefineyourcurrentcircumstancesandtothatextentdefineyourqualityoflife.LackselfcontrolWeallhavesomeaspectaboutourselvesthatwedon'tlike.38.Maybeyouhavealargesweettoothandcan'thelpyourselffromeatingsweetthings.Whenyouhavealackofselfcontrol,thosehabitsaregoingtoremainwithyouuntilyoufindsomewaytoremovethem.39Ourabilitytocomeupwithcreativesolutionsforourproblemscomesfromourabilitytolearnandadapt.Ifyou'renotlearninganything,you'renotprogressing.LeonardodaVincionce,said,"Learningneverexhauststhemind."AndIbelieveit.FinalthoughtsWhenyougetstuckonsomething,youarenevertrulystuck.40.Youdon'thavetobeworkinghardtoovercomethatbarrier,ratherchangeyourthinkinginhowyou'reapproachingtheproblem.Giveittimeandkeepworkingatit.A.LackselfconfidenceB.LacklearningandadaptabilityC.Weshouldn'tbottleupourownweaknessesD.Maybeyou'resomeonewhodrinksalotofalcoholorsmokesE.Itmeansthatwhatyouarecurrentlydoingisn'tenoughtogetyouoverthebarrierF.Whetherit'scareerorhealth,onemustbesacrificedinorderfortheothertosucceedG.However,limitationsarealsothethingsthatkeepyourestrictedinthesamelifecycle第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Frommyearliestchildhoodmemories,mymotherwasmyentireworld.EachSundaymorning,Iwouldbe41bysweetsmellsaroundthehouse.Watchingmymother42foodwasattractive.Shewastotally43soIneveraskedquestions,andherbehaviourinformedmethatthiswasn'tagoodtimeto44.MysistersandIwouldbeseatedatthe45andwaittogetatasteofthecake.Thefamilymealskeptus46togetherandgaveusanopportunitytoconnectwitheachother.Nosubjectwas47,asweate.Myfatherwasanextraordinarystorytellerandlikedtalkingalmosteverythingwithus!48,wepossessedagiftofspeech,likehim.Mymother'sliferevolvedaroundcookingforher49.Shetookitvery50,notimeforerrors.Therewerenoruinedmealsorsmokecloudingthe51.Iwouldalwayspurposelyobserveherwhileshecooked.Shewasa52mother.Sheknewtheeconomyofwords,sowhenshegavechore53,welistenedintently,tocarryouttheassignedtaskwithsuccess.Lookingback,mymomwasthebestversionofherself.Sheexhibitedexcellent54,skills!Herdedicationtocookingsetmeagoodexample.Andmymother'sfocusonfoodexcellencetaughtmeavaluablelesson:Whateveryourgoalsinlife,performthemtothebestofyourabilities.Her55hasallowedmetoapproacheverythingIdowithdedication.41.A.drivenB.annoyedC.wakenedD.disturbed42.A.buyB.eatC.prepareD.heat43.A.angryB.nervousC.frightenedD.focused44.A.relaxB.cookC,engageD.scare45.A.tableB.sofaC.bedD.window46.A.coolB.closeC.warmD.comfortable47.A.allowedB.discussedC.studiedD.limited48.A.InsteadB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Otherwise49.A.familyB.childrenC.parentsD.friend50.A.fastB.convenientlyC.firmlyD.seriously51.A.bedroomB.kitchenC.bathroomD.garden52.A.quietB.selfishC.patientD.generous53.A.contentsB.levelsC.instructionsD.places54.A.speakingB.learningC.teachingD.cooking55.A.bookB.exampleC.expressionD.voice第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesefoodandthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterndietsareboththingsthatcausethe56(curious)ofmostpeoplewhovisitChina.Moreover,when57(travel)throughChina,you'llmostlikelypickuponafewdifferencesinthewayofeatingfood.Forexample,soupintheWest58(enjoy)generallyasanappetizer(开胃菜)atthestartofameal,whiletheChineseprefertoenjoytheirsoupattheendofameal.Youmightalsonoticesomedistinctdifferencesinmealpreparationandcookingtechniques.Therefore,cookingclassesarebecomingan59(increasing)popularactivityamongthoseinterestedinlearningmoreaboutChina'sculturethroughitscuisine.Ifyou'relookingtotakeitastep60(far),keepaneyeoutforcookingclasses61(hold)byresidentsintheirown,homes.62itcomestotraditionalChinesegames,theChinesehavealwaysbeensociablepeople.Despitethecountry'ssupertechnologicaladvancementandtheincreasingpopularityofpersonalelectronicdevices,themajorityofChinesewouldratherspendtimesocializingwithothersthansitaloneathome.FrompopularboardgameslikeGo(围棋)andChinesechesstokids'gameslikeChinesejumprope,Chinaoffers63(vary)optionstokeeppeoplebusy.Mostlocalsaremorethanhappytosharetheirtraditions64foreignvisitors,sodon'tbeshytoaskthenexttimeyougofor65walkthroughthepark!第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，刚被你校英文报录用为助理编辑。请你就此写一封邮件给你的英国好友John，内容包括：1.告知他此消息；2.分析你面临的挑战；3.征询他的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJohn,Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Allan,myhusband,hadrecentlymovedupthetennisleague'sladder(晋级赛)andwouldcompeteagainstsomeoneatasimilarskilllevel."Doyouknowwhoyouropponentis?"Iaskedhim.Myhusbandexplainedthatalthoughheknewhisopponent'sname,hehadnevermethim.That'swhenIsawayoungman-abouttwentyyearsold-attheotherendofthereceptionarea.,Theyoungmanhadlargemusculararmsandawell-builtbody.Hewasusingaskipropeatquiteafastpace;Ithoughthemightbewarmingupforatennismatch.Ismiledatmyhusbandandsaidthatmightbehisopponent.Allangavemeafrustrated(沮丧的)lookonhisface,remarkingitwasanunusualwaytoprepareforatennismatch,ashecontinuedcompletinghisusualwarm-uproutine.Theleaguecoordinator(统筹者)calledoutmyhusband'sname,andthenshecalledtheyoungman.Igavemyhusbandakindofsmilethatwivesgivetheirhusbandswhentheyareencouragingthem.Thecoordinatorgavethemtheircourtnumber.Theyintroducedthemselvestoeachother,shookhands,andheadedoff.Theyoungmanwasdressedinthelatesttrendytennisclothesandlookedgreat.Withhismuscularbody,hecouldhaveeasilybeastarathlete.Allanwasatleastthirtyyearsolder,muchlessmuscular,anddressedinanordinarytennisshirtanduntrendytennisshorts.Allan'sfocushadalwaysbeenongoodtennisshoes,socks,and,ofcourse,thetennisracket.Whentheywalkedontotheircourt,thepre-gamewarm-upbegan.Theyoungmanplayedwithconfidence.Itwasalmostasifhewasshowinghisability.Allancloselyobservedhisvariousstrokesandpowerfulserves,whilecasuallyreturningeachshot.Thenbeganthegame.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Theyoungmanquicklywonthefirstround.Theyoungmanwasvisiblyfrustratedbytheendofthematch.,,,,,
