长沙市一中2022届模拟试卷（一）英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttodo？A.Checkthenewbike.B.Ridethenewbike.C.Buyanewbike.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Helen!Isthisyournewbike?W:Yes,Iboughtitonlyyesterday.M:It’scool!MayIhaveatry?W:Ofcourse.Don’tforgettorideontheleft.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthemandobefore9：00lastnight？\nA.HewatchedTV.B.Hesleptforawhile.C.Hewrotethepaper.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Youlooktiredandsleepy.Doyouhavetroublefallingasleep?M:No,Ihadtofinishthepaperforhistoryclassfrom9:00lastnightto2:00inthemorning,becauseIdidn'trememberituntilIfinishedwatchingTV.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whywastheofferrefused？A.Itwasabithigh.B.Itwasratherlow.C.Itwasn'tfitforthemarket.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W：I'mdisappointedthatEverestdidnotacceptouroffer.M：Thedirectorovertherethoughtitwasn'tlowenough.W：Accordingtoourresearch，itwasgenerousbymarketstandards.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando？A.GototheJohnsonsfordinner.B.Doachemistryexperiment.C.Usetheoldrecipestonight.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W：I'mgoingtotryoutsomenewrecipestonight.M：Well，rememberthattheJohnsonsarecomingoverfordinner.YouknowhowmuchIlikeyourcooking，dear，butmaybeyoushouldn'tpicktonightofallnightstoexperiment.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What'stheman'sdecision？A.Waitingforthebus.B.Walkingtothenextstop.C.Meetingthewoman30minuteslater.\n【答案】B【解析】【原文】W：Thebusisn'tsupposedtoarriveatthisstopforanother30minutes.Iguesswe'lljusthavetowaituntilitcomes.M：NormallyI'dagreewithyou，butI'monlygoingtothenextstop，andIfeellikehavingawalk.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhydoesthemancallLouisCatering？A.Foraninvitation.B.Forfoodanddrinks.C.Forconferencerooms.7.Howmanypeoplewillattendtheparty？A.108.B.112.C.120.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W：Hello，LouisCatering.WhatcanIdoforyou？M：Yes，I'mwiththeColbertCorporation.We'rehavingacompanypartyonFebruary15thnextweek，andIneedtoarrangeforallthefoodanddrinks.W：OK.Howmanypeopledoyouexpecttotakepartintheparty？Andwillitbeanindooroneoroutdoorone？M：About108employeeswillbethere.Inaddition，12managingstaffwillalsobepresent.Andwe'llholditindoorsinoneofourlargeconferencerooms.W：OK.Isee.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatisthemangoingtoCanadafor？A.Research.B.Furtherstudy.C.Sightseeing.\n9.Whatwillthespeakersdonext？A.Packclothes.B.Buyasuitcase.C.Preparematerials.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W：WhatareyougoingtodoinCanada？M：MylabisworkingtogetherwitharesearchstationinCanadasoIwillworkthereforalongtime.W：Howlongwillittake？M：Threemonths，probably.It'lldependonhoweverythingisgoing.W：It'scoldthere.Youmayneedsomeheavyclothes.Oh，thissuitcaseisprobablytoosmall.M：Don'tworry!Idomostoftheworkinthelab.ButIdoneedalargesuitcase.I'lltakealotofresearchmaterialswithme.W：Sowhydon'twegototheshoptogetalargersuitcase？M：OK.Let'sgo.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whoworksinthepowercompany？A.Thegirl’sfather.B.Thegirl’sclassmate.C.Theman’sclassmate.11.Howwillthegirlgotothepowercompany？A.Bycar.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.12.Whatisthegirlgoingtodofirst？A.Visitthemanager.B.Getreadyforapicnic.C.Chatwiththeworkers.【答案】10.C11.C12.B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Dad.Isyourclassmatestillworkinginthepowercompany?M:Yes.Heisnowthemanager.Whydoyouask?W:Oh.Thereisasummervacationpracticeprojectofusstudents.Canyouhelpmeout?Besides,severalofourclassmates’plantohaveapicnicthismorning.M:OK.Youcancometothepowercompanyforthepracticeafterthat.Icandriveyouthereoryou\ncantakeataxi.W:Thereisnoneedtodoso.Icanwalkthere.M:ShallItelephonemyclassmatetotellhimthatyouwillvisithim?W:I’mnotreallyavisitor.Iplantocommunicatewiththeworkersandlearnabouttheircompanyculture.M:Thatwillbeareallygoodpracticeexperienceandyoucanlearnmuchfromit.W:Ican’tagreewithyoumore.M:Now,youhavetoprepareforthecomingpicnic.Enjoyyourtime.W:Thankyou,Dad!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdoesthecompetitiontrytofindthisyear？A.Thebestdancer.B.Thebestactor.C.Thebestsinger.14.Howshouldpeopleenterthecompetition？A.Byfax.B.Byphone.C.ThroughtheInternet.15.Whendoesthesportshallclosethisweek？A.At10：30pm.B.At9：00pm.C.At8：00pm.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewswimmingpool？A.Itwillbefreeforthefirstweek.B.Itisbiggerthantheoldone.C.Itwillbeopenearlierthanplanned.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.A【解析】【原文】M：Welcome!Couldvoutelluswhat'sgoingon？W：Sure.ThisweekWestfieldRadiorunsitsannualcompetition.Lastyearitwastofindthebestdancer，andnextyearitwillbetheturnoflocalactorstoenter.Butthisyearwe'relookingforthebestsingerinourcity.M：Andwhataretherules？W：Notmany.Youneedtophoneyourentry.Wedon'tacceptentriesthroughtheInternetorbyfax.M：Right.Well，it'sschoolholidaysthisweek，sowhat'sonoffer？\nW：Thesportshallwillopenanhourearlierthanusualat8：00amandshutlaterat10：30pminsteadofnine.Theindoorfootballgroundisalwayspopularandhastobebookedinadvance.M：Butwhatabouttheswimmingpool？W：Notquitesuchgoodnews，I'mafraid.Itwillbeopenaboutaweeklaterthanplanned，butgoodnewsnow-therewillbenochargeforswimmersforthefirstweek.It'sthesamesizeastheoldone，butitismuchbetterequipped.M：That'sgreat.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatdoesCyberEditaimtodo？A.Supplyfundingforbusinessmen.B.EditdocumentsforWiredmagazine.C.Offerstudentscomputereditingservices.18.Howmanyemployeesdidthespeakerhireatfirst？A.Four.B.Five.C.Ten.19.WhydidsomeinvestorsinvestmoneyinCyberEdit.A.Itpromisedbigreturns.B.Itgotgoodpublicity.C.Itemployed50students.20.Whenisthebesttimeforpeopletodevelopabusiness？A.Whentheyhavetheidea.B.Aftertheygraduatefromcollege.C.Aftertheyhaverichsocialexperience.【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】M：Istartedmyowncompany，CyberEdit，whenIwasafreshman.Moststudentshavetowriteessays，andIaimedtoprovidecomputereditingservicesforthem.Duringonesummervacation，IworkedforanInternetcompanyandintheevening，Ispentanotherfourhoursworkingonmywebsite.It'snoteasytodevelopabusiness.Ifyouhopetobefinanciallyindependent，youmustdosomethingwhileyouareyoungandyoucanworklonghours.Foralongtime，Iwasediting\nnearlytendocumentsanight.Ispentfiftyhoursaweekdoingthis.Itwashard.ThenIhiredmyfirstfouremployees，andInevereditedasingledocumentagain.Thenextyear，IturneddownmysummerjobatabiginvestmentbankandspentthevacationexpandingCyberEdit.InDecember，Wiredmagazinecontactedmeandaskedmetowriteanarticleaboutmylife.AfterthearticleappearedinMarch，interestedinvestorsbegantocontactme.InJune，oneofthemdecidedtoinvestalargesumofmoneyinthecompany.SotheWiredarticlebroughtmeoveramilliondollarsinfunding!Morethananythingelse，goodpublicityhelpsanewbusinessattractinvestorsandcustomers.Investorscametome，notbecauseIwasmakingmoneyandemployingfiftycollegestudents，butbecausetheyreadaboutitinWiredmagazine，andsawitonABCWorldNewsTonight.Myadvicetoyoungpeoplewhoconsiderstartingacompanyis：Doitnow!Don'tdelaystartingituntilyou'vefinishedschoolorhadsome“real-worldexperience”.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHometostudentsfromallovertheworld,IHLondonoffersatrulyinternationallearningenvironmentwithEnglishcoursesavailableforbeginner,intermediateandadvancedlearners.IfyouwanttoadvanceyourEnglish,thereisawiderangeofcoursesthatyoucanchoosefrom.One-to-OneEnglishEnglishlevel:MinimumAICoursecontent:Thiscourseisperfectforcompletebeginnersandadvancedlearnersalikebecauseeverythingistailoredforyourneeds.Youwilldefineyourlearningoutcomeswithyourteacherandtheywillcreatelessonsbasedonyourlearninggoals.GeneralEnglishforover30’sEnglishlevel:AlandaboveCoursecontent:Thiscourseisdesignedforinternationaladultsaged30andover,whowanttolearnorimprovetheirEnglish,whileexploringLondonandmakingnewfriendsfromallovertheworld.Lessonsarebasedonarangeofrelevantandmotivatingmaterials.Londonisusedasaresource,withlearnersputtingtheirlanguageintopracticeregularlywhileexploringLondon.GeneralEnglish20Lessons\nEnglishlevel:A2andaboveCoursecontent:ThisisagreatintensivecourseforalllevelstoimproveyourEnglish,withanextrafocusonspeaking.Studentswillworktogethertoexploreandreviewgrammarincontextthroughrole-plays.discussionsandpresentations.Thetopics,languageareasandmaterialswillreflecttheinterestsandneedsoftheclass.EnglishforFutureLeadersEnglishlevel:B2andaboveCoursecontent:Thiscourseencouragesstudentstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskillssuchasdebating,criticalthinking,andteamwork.Studentsworkingroupswithamixofnationalitiesandwillbesplitintoprojectmanagementgroupstoworkthroughseminarsandbusinesschallenges.Ifyouwouldliketoknowmoreinformation,pleasecontactusatsales@ihlondon.com.21.WhatistheEnglishlevelrequiredbyOne-to-OneEnglish?A.B2andabove.B.A2andabove.C.Alandabove.D.Norequirements.22.WhichcoursefocusesonimprovingoralEnglish?A.One-to-OneEnglish.B.GeneralEnglishforover30's.C.GeneralEnglish20Lessons.D.EnglishforFutureLeaders.23.WhatisspecialaboutEnglishforFutureLeaders?A.Ithasagelimits.B.Itreviewsgrammarinvariousways.C.Itinvolvesmorethanlanguageskills.D.Itallowsstudentstodesignthecoursewithteachers.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些提高英语水平的课程。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据One-to-OneEnglish部分中的“Thiscourseisperfectforcompletebeginnersandadvancedlearnersalikebecauseeverythingistailoredforyourneeds.(本课程适合完全初学者和高级学习者，因为一切都为您的需求量身定制。)”可知，One-to-OneEnglish对学习者的英语水平没有要求。故选D。\n【22题详解】细节理解题。根据GeneralEnglish20Lessons部分中的“ThisisagreatintensivecourseforalllevelstoimproveyourEnglish,withanextrafocusonspeaking.(这是一个很好的强化课程，所有级别的人都可以提高你的英语水平，特别注重口语。)”可知，GeneralEnglish20Lessons专注提高学生的英语口语。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据EnglishforFutureLeaders部分中的“Thiscourseencouragesstudentstoexplorecontemporaryleadershipskillssuchasdebating,criticalthinking,andteamwork.(本课程鼓励学生探索当代领导技能，如辩论、批判性思维和团队合作。)”可知，EnglishforFutureLeaders特别之处在于涉及的不仅仅是语言技能，而且还鼓励学生探索当代领导技能，如辩论、批判性思维和团队合作。故选C。BMymiddlechildwasbornandrushedtothenewbornintensivecareunit(ICU).Iwasshockedtolearnthathewassick.Suddenly,mylifewasoutofcontrol.MyhusbandandIwithtwofull-timecareersweredroppingour2-year-oldatdaycareeachmorningbeforeracingtovisitoursonatthehospital.“LetmeknowwhatIcando,”manyofourlovedonessaid.Insteadofreachingout,Iwithdrewandstruggledtomanageeverythingonmyplate.Whydiditfeelawkwardbeingonthereceivingendofassistance?Beinguncomfortableaskingforhelpisanalmostuniversalexperience.Wemayworryabouthowembarrassingitwillbeifsomeonesaysno.Wemayalsoworryabouthowguiltywewillfeeliftheysayyes.“Doyouseethepersonwhoasksforsupportasaburden?”Iaskedmymother.“No,ofcoursenot,”shesaid.“Infact,helpingisoneofthemostrewardingexperienceswecanhave.”Herwordsresonated(引起共鸣)withme.IwasraisedtobeindependentandtohelpothersissomethingI’vealwaysenjoyed.Ifeltfunnyrelyingonpeopleoutsidemyinnercircle.Ithoughtleaningonmyclosestfamilyandfriendswouldbemostcomfortable,buttheylivedanhourormoreaway.Thenthefavorsfromothersmademefeellovedandsupported.Withthemoftentakingcareofmealsandotherareasofourlives,itwaseasiertofocusandtakeinnewsfromdoctors.Weallwishpeoplecouldreadourminds,knowwhatweneedandvolunteerit.Actually,they\nhavetounderstandthatweneedhelp,andknowwhatkindyouwantthemtogive—thatmeansyoureallydohavetoask.I’mnowaproataskingforhelp.Idon’tonlyrelyonmyinnercircle.Ihavealargecommunityofresources—whichbenefitsallofus.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhersonwasborn?A.Calmandindifferent.B.Cheerfulandthrilled.C.Surprisedanddetermined.D.Astonishedandoverwhelmed.25.Whywastheauthornotwillingtoreceiveothers’helpatfirst?A.Shewasafraidofbeingaburdentoothers.B.Shewantedtofollowhermother’sadvice.C.Shewasabletomanageeverythingonherown.D.Shefeltembarrassedaboutsharingherprivacy.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph4referto?A.Doctorsandnurses.B.Thefavorsfromothers.C.Ourclosestfamilyandfriends.D.Peopleoutsidemyinnercircle.27.Whatdocstheauthorintendtoconvey?A.Sheisaproataskingforhelp.B.Relyingonourinnercircleisessential.C.Askingforhelpmayachieveawin-winoutcome.D.Readingothers’mindsisthekeytoofferinghelp.【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者的儿子生病，自己和丈夫又是全职，所以感到不堪重负，但作者不愿请求别人帮助，怕自己成为别人的负担，但和母亲的一次谈话改变了作者的想法，作者告诉我们主动寻求别人帮助可以达到双赢。【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段“Mymiddlechildwasbornandrushedtothenewbornintensivecareunit(ICU).Iwasshockedtolearnthathewassick.Suddenly,mylifewasoutofcontrol.\nMyhusbandandIwithtwofull-timecareersweredroppingour2-year-oldatdaycareeachmorningbeforeracingtovisitoursonatthehospital.(我的第二个孩子出生了，立即被送到新生儿重症监护室。得知他病了我很震惊。突然间，我的生活失去了控制。我丈夫和我是双职工，每天早上在去医院看我们儿子之前，都会把我们两岁的孩子送到日托所。)”可知，作者的儿子生病了所以作者很震惊，而且作者和丈夫是双职工，必须要照顾新生儿和另一个2岁的孩子，作者感觉自己的生活完全失控了，不堪重负，由此可知，作者在儿子出生后的感觉是震惊和不堪重负，D项“Astonishedandoverwhelmed.(震惊且不堪重负)”符合。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第三段作者和母亲的对话““Doyouseethepersonwhoasksforsupportasaburden?”Iaskedmymother.(我问母亲:“你认为寻求别人帮助的人是一种负担吗？”)”可以得知，作者担心接受别人帮助就意味着自己会成为别人的负担。故选A。3.词句猜测题。根据第四段开头“Ifeltfunnyrelyingonpeopleoutsidemyinnercircle.Ithoughtleaningonmyclosestfamilyandfriendswouldbemostcomfortable,buttheylivedanhourormoreaway(我觉得依赖外面人很有趣。我以为依靠我最亲近的家人和朋友会很舒服，但他们住在一个小时或更远的地方)”可知，作者更愿意接受来自于“核心圈（innercircle）”的亲朋好友的帮助，但由于他们住得很远，帮不了作者，所以后文提到的“thefavorsfromothers”指的是这些帮助作者的人并不是作者的核心圈子的朋友，由此可知，此处“them”代指上句中的“others”，即作者核心圈以外的朋友。故选D。4.推理判断题。纵观全文，作者改变想法的转折点来自于母亲的回答——帮助他人本身可以给自己带来快乐，所以寻求他人帮助并不意味着会成为他人的负担。根据第五段的总结“Weallwishpeoplecouldreadourminds,knowwhatweneedandvolunteerit.Actually,theyhavetounderstandthatweneedhelp,andknowwhatkindyouwantthemtogive—thatmeansyoureallydohavetoask.I’mnowaproataskingforhelp.Idon’tonlyrelyonmyinnercircle.Ihavealargecommunityofresources—whichbenefitsallofus.(我们都希望人们能读懂我们的思想，知道我们需要什么，然后自愿提供。事实上，他们必须理解我们需要帮助，并且知道你想要他们给予什么样的帮助——这意味着你真的必须要问。我现在很擅长寻求帮助。我不仅仅依赖我的核心圈子。我拥有大量的资源，这对我们大家都有好处。)”可知，作者提到自己现在很乐于主动寻求帮助，而且愿意依靠自己核心圈内和圈外的一切朋友，因为寻求帮助可以达到双赢，由此可知，作者想要传达的是寻求帮助可以达到双赢。故选C。CManypeopledrinkproteinshakesregularlytoloseweight,buildmuscleorboth.Others,\nhowever,questionthebeliefthatproteinshakesarebetterthannormal,high-proteinfoods.Sowhatisthetruth?Proteinshakesaredietarysupplements(饮食补充剂)designedtohelppeopleconsumemoreproteinthantheyotherwisewould.Proteinshakescanbeready-madedrinks.Besides,peoplecanmixtheirownshakesusingproteinpowder.Proteinpowdercanbemadefromplantsoranimals.Plant-basedproteinshakescanincludesoy,peaorriceprotein.Animal-basedproteinpowderisusuallymadefromcows’milk.Thosewhowanttoavoidmilkcanalsogetproteinpowdermadefromeggwhites.Studiesindicatethatconsumingproteinshakesishelpfulifyouwanttobuildmuscle.Theycanalsoimproveyourperformanceandhelpyourecoverwhileexercising.Andifyou’relosingweight,proteinshakescanhelptomakesurethatyoudon’tlosemuscle.Consumingproteinshakescanalsohelpyouloseweight.Eatingahigh-proteindiethelpsyoufeelfullsoit’seasiertoresisteatingtoomuch.High-proteindietscanalsomakeyourbodyburnenergyquickly.Whenyouusemoreenergythanyoutakeinthroughfood,youloseweight.However,youdon’thavetodrinkproteinshakestohaveahigh-proteindiet.Manywholefoodsarerichinprotein.Infact,thepeopleinmanyhigh-proteindietstudiesdidn’tdrinkproteinshakes.Thestudiesprovedthebenefitsofeatingprotein-richfoods.Moreover,thesefoodscontainothernaturalnutrientsbesidesprotein.Incontrast,manyproteinshakescontainsugarorartificialsweeteners,whicharenothealthy.Tosumup,yes,proteinshakesareconvenientandtheywork.However,theyarenotyouronlychoiceforeatingahigh-proteindiet.28.What’sparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whatproteinshakesare.B.Howproteinshakesarcmade.C.Whereproteinshakescomefrom.D.Whypeopledrinkproteinshakes.29.Whatcanbeinferredaboutconsumingproteinshakes?A.Itcanburnyourfatdirectly.B.Itisbeneficialtoyourmuscle.\nC.Itcantaketheplaceofeatingotherfood.D.Itisthebestchoiceforthepeopleinahigh-proteindict.30.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthewholetext?A.B.C.D.31.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoproteinshakes?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Tolerant.D.Conservative.【答案】28.A29.B30.A31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蛋白奶昔的优缺点以及是否有必要为了保持健康或者减重而饮用它。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Proteinshakesaredietarysupplements(饮食补充剂)designedtohelppeopleconsumemoreproteinthantheyotherwisewould.(蛋白质奶昔是膳食补充剂，旨在帮助人们摄入比平时更多的蛋白质)”以及“Proteinshakescanbeready-madedrinks.Besides,peoplecanmixtheirownshakesusingproteinpowder.Proteinpowdercanbemadefromplantsoranimals.Plant-basedproteinshakescanincludesoy,peaorriceprotein.Animal-basedproteinpowderisusuallymadefromcows’milk.Thosewhowanttoavoidmilkcanalsogetproteinpowdermadefromeggwhites.(\n蛋白质奶昔可以是现成的饮料。此外人们可以用蛋白粉自己搅拌奶昔。蛋白质粉可以由植物或动物制成。植物蛋白粉可以由大豆，豌豆或大米的蛋白质组成。动物蛋白粉通常由牛奶制成。那些不想喝牛奶的人也可以吃由蛋白制成的蛋白粉)”可知，第二段主要是对蛋白奶昔下定义，后几句是对两种蛋白奶昔的具体介绍。由此可知，第二段主要讲的是“什么是蛋白质奶昔”。故选A项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Studiesindicatethatconsumingproteinshakesishelpfulifyouwanttobuildmuscle.(研究表明，如果你想增长肌肉，食用蛋白质奶昔是有帮助的)”可知，蛋白质奶昔有助于增长肌肉。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。第一段“Manypeopledrinkproteinshakesregularlytoloseweight,buildmuscleorboth.Others,however,questionthebeliefthatproteinshakesarebetterthannormal,high-proteinfoods.Sowhatisthetruth?(许多人经常喝蛋白质奶昔来减肥，增肌或两者兼顾。然而，也有人质疑蛋白质奶昔比普通的高蛋白食物更好的观点。那么真相是什么呢？)”通过引出分歧意见提出话题。第二段“Proteinshakesaredietarysupplementsdesignedtohelppeopleconsumemoreproteinthantheyotherwisewould.(蛋白质奶昔是膳食补充剂，旨在帮助人们摄入比平时更多的蛋白质)”，对蛋白奶昔下定义。第三“Studiesindicatethatconsumingproteinshakesishelpfulifyouwanttobuildmuscle.(研究表明，如果你想增长肌肉，食用蛋白质奶昔是有帮助的)”以及第四段“Consumingproteinshakescanalsohelpyouloseweight.(消耗蛋白质奶昔有助于减肥)”提出蛋白奶昔的优点。第五段“However,youdon’thavetodrinkproteinshakestohaveahigh-proteindiet.(然而，你不必喝蛋白质奶昔就能获得高蛋白饮食)”用However进行转折，指出蛋白奶昔的缺点。第六段“Tosumup,yes,proteinshakesareconvenientandtheywork.However,theyarenotyouronlychoiceforeatingahigh-proteindiet.(总而言之，是的。蛋白质奶昔很方便而且它们很有效。然而，它们并不是你吃可以吃的高蛋白饮食的唯一选择)”总结了蛋白质奶昔的优缺点。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tosumup,yes,proteinshakesareconvenientandtheywork.However,theyarenotyouronlychoiceforeatingahigh-proteindiet.(总而言之，是的。蛋白质奶昔很方便而且它们很有效。然而，它们并不是你可以吃的高蛋白饮食的唯一选择)”以及文章整体内容来看，作者对蛋白奶昔的优缺点以及是否有必要为了保持健康或者减重而饮用它皆有提及。由此推之，作者对蛋白质奶昔的态度是客观的。故选B项。\nDEveryyearthousandsofpeoplecometothecityofPamplona,innorth-easternSpain,fortheopportunitytorunfortheirlivesassixfightingbullsarereleasedtochargethroughthetown.Thereareinjuriesanddeathseveryyear,buttheeventisofinteresttomanypeople.ApaperjustpublishedinSciencedescribestheinsighttheeventoffersintothepsychologyofpanickedcrowds.Thatisausefultopictoexplore.Arehitects,civilengineersandurbanplannersmusttrytoworkouthowpeoplewillbehaveintheeventofadisasterlikeafire,afloodoraterroristattacksotheycandesigntheircreationstoavoidpotentiallydeadlycollisions(碰撞).Unfortunately,solidinformationishardtocomeby.DanielParisi,thepaper’sleadauthor,realisedthatthePamplonabull-runsofferedtheperfectnaturalexperiment.DrParisiandhisteamwenttotwodifferentrooftoplocationsinPamplonainJuly2019,andfilmedtherunnersastheanimalswerereleased,Laterinthelab,theycalculatedthespeedoftherunners,thedensity(密度)ofthecrowd,theprobabilityofarunnertrippingandfallingandtherelationshipbetweenrunner-groupdensityandspeed.Perhapsunsurprisingly,theresearchersfoundthatrunnerspickedupspeedwhenthebullsdrewnear.Lessexpectedwasthefindingthatthespeedofindividualrunnersincreasedwiththedensityofthecrowd,whichwascontrarytoalong-heldassumptioninarchitecturalandurban-designcirclesthatpeoplewillslowtheirpaceasgroupdensitygoesup,inordertolowertheriskofacollision,whichcouldleadtoafalland,perhaps,injuryordeath.Yetitseemsthatintheheatofthemoment,peoplepaylittleattentiontothedangerofcollidingwitheachother,anddonotslowdown.Theresponsibilitythereforefallsuponurbandesignerstoworkouthowbesttoplantheconstructionoffuturetunnels,bridgesandotherpassagesthatrestrictflow.Theonlyoptionmaywellbetomakethemwider.32.WhatdidDrParisiandhisteamdoinPamplona?A.Theyprovedhistheory.B.Theyrecordedabull-run.C.Theywatchedathrillingbull-fight.D.Theydesignedapsychologicalexperiment.33.Whatwastheunexpectedfindinginthestudy?\nA.Peoplesloweddownincrowdedareas.B.Trippingposedadangertobull-runners.CBullscomingnearmadepeoplerunningfaster.D.Peopletendedtospeedupinhigh-densitycrowds.34.Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.Peoplelosetheirmindindisasters.B.Futuretunnelsandbridgesmaybewider.C.Panickedcrowdsareawareofthedangerofcollision.D.Restrictingflowhelpstopreventpeoplecollidingeachother.35.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowcrowdsreacttopanicB.Bull-runscaughtoninSpainC.DrParisi’sfindingshockstheworldD.Whatarchitectscanlearnfrombull-running【答案】32.B33.D34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。在Pamplona，每年有很多人来看“奔牛”，科学家通过研究“奔牛”过程中人们奔跑速度的快慢，发现跑步者的速度随着人群密度的增加而增加，这给了建筑设计师关于城市建设的很多启示。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“DrParisiandhisteamwenttotwodifferentrooftoplocationsinPamplonainJuly2019,andfilmedtherunnersastheanimalswerereleased.(2019年7月，Parisi博士和他的团队前往Pamplona的两个不同的屋顶，拍摄了这些动物被释放出来时人们奔跑的景象)”可知，Parisi和他的团队拍摄了牛被放出来时的场景。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Lessexpectedwasthefindingthatthespeedofindividualrunnersincreasedwiththedensityofthecrowd,whichwascontrarytoalong-heldassumptioninarchitecturalandurban-designcirclesthatpeoplewillslowtheirpaceasgroupdensitygoesup,inordertolowertheriskofacollision,whichcouldleadtoafalland,perhaps,injuryordeath.(\n有些出人意料的是，研究发现，跑步者的速度随着人群密度的增加而增加。这与建筑和城市设计界长期以来的假设相反，即随着人群密度的增加，人们会放慢速度，以降低发生碰撞的风险，因为碰撞可能导致摔倒，甚至受伤或死亡)”可知，研究意外发现，人群密度越大，人们跑得越快。故选D项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theresponsibilitythereforefallsuponurbandesignerstoworkouthowbesttoplantheconstructionoffuturetunnels,bridgesandotherpassagesthatrestrictflow.Theonlyoptionmaywellbetomakethemwider.(因此，城市设计师的责任在于研究如何最好地规划未来隧道、桥梁和其他通道的建设去限制流量。唯一的选择很可能是把它们加宽)”可知，未来的桥梁和隧道可能会更宽阔。故选B项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ApaperjustpublishedinSciencedescribestheinsighttheeventoffersintothepsychologyofpanickedcrowds.(一篇刚刚发表在《科学》上的论文描述了对这次活动恐慌人群的心理洞察)”以及最后一段“Theresponsibilitythereforefallsuponurbandesignerstoworkouthowbesttoplantheconstructionoffuturetunnels,bridgesandotherpassagesthatrestrictflow.(因此，城市设计师的责任在于研究如何最好地规划未来隧道、桥梁和其他通道的建设去限制流量)”可知，本篇章不仅是谈论奔牛，而是讨论“奔牛作为观察人们在危险中如何表现的自然实验场景”给建筑设计师的启示。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thebestlongdistancefriendsaretheoneswhoknowhowtocommunicatewell.Asoftenaswemovearoundforschool,workorfamily,longdistancefriendshipsarearealityofadulthood.____36____,there’snoreasontoletphysicaldistancekeepyoufromstayingconnected.BeexplicitandintentionalaboutkeepingyourlongdistancefriendIfyouwanttokeeppeopleinyourlife,youhavetotellthemandbereadytoputintheeffort.Whetheryou’vejustmovedawayfromyourfriendoryou’vebeenapartforyears,longdistancefriendshipsrequireamutual(互相的)commitment.Thatmeansreachingout,findingtimetohangout,andshowingyourfriendyouvaluethem.____37____.UsecommonintereststofeelconnectedDevelopan“anchor”foryourfriendship.____38____.Maybeyoubothlovecooking,soyou\neachsendphotosofthenewdishesyoumakewithalinktotherecipe.Oryoubothlove,let’ssay,theHBOshowEuphoria,andyoutexttodiscussitaftereachepisodecomesout.Itdoesn’treallymatterwhatitis,aslongasithelpsyouinitiateaconnection.Don’thesitatetoreachout____39____.Whenphonecallswon’tcutit,thinkaboutavisit.Visitingisoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandotokeepalongdistancefriendshipgoing.AddressconflictsopenlySeparationishard.Miscommunicationhappens.Andbecausethere’sjustalimitedamountoftimeyougetwithyourfriend,it’seasytoletconflictsgounaddressed.Infact,addressingconflictisoneofthewaysyoucanbecomecloserwithyourfriend.____40____.It’srecommendedtodoitinanon-accusatoryway.Then,askyourfriendwhattheirexperienceoftheissuewasandtrytoseethingsfrombothsides.A.ButbringingissuesupcanfeelscaryB.RememberthattheytreasureyouaswellC.ItissomethingthatyouhaveincommonD.Althoughfriendsarelong-lostfamilymembersE.CreatethespacetomakeyourfriendfeelvaluedF.Showyourfriendtheydon’tneedtofearrejectionG.Whiletheymightrequiresomeplanningandcreativitytokeepup【答案】36.G37.B38.C39.E40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了维持异地友谊的四个建议，包括：有意识地去维护远距离友谊、利用共同兴趣爱好维系、不要犹豫主动联系以及及时坦诚布公解决冲突。【详解】1.根据上文“Asoftenaswemovearoundforschool,workorfamily,longdistancefriendshipsarearealityofadulthood.(当我们为了学校、工作或家庭而四处奔波时，异地友谊在成年人的世界是真实的存在。)”可知，此处指出异地友谊在成人世界是很真实的存在，结合下文“there’snoreasontoletphysicaldistancekeepyoufromstayingconnected.(没有理由让物理距离阻止你们保持联系。)”可知，空处应该继续谈论异地友谊，且和下文是一种转折关系，G项“Whiletheymightrequiresomeplanningandcreativitytokeepup(虽然它们可能需要一些计划和创造力来保持联系）”符合，紧密衔接上文意思，且能很好对应下文，其中“they\n”代指上文的“longdistancefriendships”。故选G。2.根据上文“Whetheryou’vejustmovedawayfromyourfriendoryou’vebeenapartforyears,longdistancefriendshipsrequireamutual(互相的)commitment.Thatmeansreachingout,findingtimetohangout,andshowingyourfriendyouvaluethem.(不管你是刚刚离开朋友，还是你们已经分开多年，异地友谊需要彼此承诺。也就是说，主动出击，抽出时间和朋友一起玩，向你的朋友展示你对他们很重视。)”可知，此处提出你要主动出击，抽时间和朋友一起玩，要展示出你重视他们，空处应该承接上文，解释为什么这么做，B选项“Rememberthattheytreasureyouaswell(记住他们也重视你)”符合语境。故选B。3.根据上文对“anchor”的提及，以及下文“Maybeyoubothlovecooking,soyoueachsendphotosofthenewdishesyoumakewithalinktotherecipe.Oryoubothlove,let’ssay,theHBOshowEuphoria,andyoutexttodiscussitaftereachepisodecomesout.Itdoesn’treallymatterwhatitis,aslongasithelpsyouinitiateaconnection.(也许你们都喜欢烹饪，所以你们每人发一张新菜的照片，上面都有菜谱的链接。或者你们两个都喜欢，比如说，HBO剧集的快感，你们每集播出后都发短信讨论。不管是什么，只要能帮你建立联系。)”举例告诉我们如果有共同的爱好，该如何做，由此可知，空处应该解释什么是anchor，故C选项“Itissomethingthatyouhaveincommon(这是你们的共同点)”符合，承上启下。故选C。4.本段小标题“Don’thesitatetoreachout(不要犹豫，要去联系)”鼓励大家主动联系，以及下一句“Whenphonecallswon’tcutit,thinkaboutavisit.(当电话不能解决问题的时候，考虑一下去看看。)”可知，下文指出如何去联系朋友，即要抽时间去拜访他们，由此可知，空处引起下文，指出要抽出时间去联系朋友，选项E“Createthespacetomakeyourfriendfeelvalued(制造空闲时间，让你的朋友感到被重视)”符合。故选E。5.下文“It’srecommendedtodoitinanon-accusatoryway.Then,askyourfriendwhattheirexperienceoftheissuewasandtrytoseethingsfrombothsides.(建议用非指控的方式。然后，问问你的朋友他们在这个问题上的经验是什么，试着从两个方面看问题。)”指出在提出问题时应该如何做，由此可知，空处应该是引起下文，引出“提问题”这一话题，A项“Butbringingissuesupcanfeelscary(但提出问题可能会让人感到害怕)”符合，与下文自然承接。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）\n阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ifsomeonesaidthey’dpayyou1,800dollarstokeepawayfromsocialmediaforsixyears,wouldyoudoit?Couldyou?SivertKlefsaasdidjustthat.Lorna,SivertKlefsaas’smother,was____41____byachallengesheheardontheradiocalledthe“16for16”,whereamothergaveherdaughter1,600dollarswhensheturned16ifshe____42____socialmedia.Shedecidedtoextendfortwoextrayearsandoffered200dollars____43____.Sivertsaiditwasn’tthat____44____tolivewithoutsocialmedia,andhedidn’tthinkaboutitmuchduringthesixyears.Asa12-year-oldboy,Sivertsaidhewasn’tusingsocialmediamuchanyway.Theonlyapphehadpriortothe____45____wasSnapchat—whichhedeletedadayaftertryingitout.“Iwouldsaytherewas____46____apointwhenIthoughtIwasabouttobreakwithoutsocialmedia,”hesaid.“Andasitwenton,itwasmoreofapridething.”Healsohadhisfriendstokeephimuptodateonthelatestinformationortrends.“Igottoavoidallthe____47____dramathatwasonthere,”Sivertadded.LornasaidsheneverhadtocheckforanyappshersonSivert____48____downloaded.“He’sso____49____andhewantedtoprovehecouldmakeit,”shesaid.Italsomeanthehadmoretimetofocusonhisgradesandsportsinstead.“Wearecertainlynotagainstsocialmedia,yetit’sthe_____50_____usingofitthatwecareabout,”Lornanoted.Andhersonhadalreadydecidedonhisfirstattemptatsocialmedia:gettingInstagram.“There’sdefinitelyalearning_____51_____,”Sivertsaid.“Iseemyfriends_____52_____intheirsocialmediaappsandIcan’tdothatquitewellyet.”HavingheardwhatSivertsaid,Lornaadded,“It’saboutnotlettingyourselfget_____53_____downbyit,oraffectedbythethingspeoplepostonline,oreven_____54_____toit.”Tohersatisfaction,shethinkshersonnowhasa“different_____55_____”onsocialmediathanhewouldhaveatage12.41.A.inspiredB.encouragedC.advocatedD.driven42.A.stayedonB.stayedoffC.stayedoutD.stayedup43.A.lessB.mostC.moreD.least44.A.commonB.interestingC.difficultD.useful\n45.A.barrierB.researchC.gameD.bet46.A.seldomB.neverC.everD.even47.A.awesomeB.uncertainC.vitalD.unnecessary48.A.secretlyB.publiclyC.quietlyD.cautiously49.A.worriedB.ashamedC.competitiveD.delighted50.A.constantB.accidentalC.randomD.healthy51.A.conditionB.processC.lineD.result52.A.excelB.handC.getD.take53.A.weighedB.putC.brokenD.torn54.A.appliedB.addictedC.admittedD.exposed55.A.beginningB.roleC.impactD.view【答案】41.A42.B43.C44.C45.D46.B47.D48.A49.C50.D51.B52.A53.A54.B55.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文讲述了一位母亲Lorna——SivertKlefsaas的妈妈，从收音机中听闻一则挑战，让孩子连续四年远离社交媒体，如果成功则被奖励1,600美元。她受此启发将该挑战用于自己儿子SivertKlefsaas身上，并且延长两年还多提供200美元的奖励。通过此项赌约，儿子SivertKlefsaas不仅没有不适，反而获取了更多的成就感。文中母亲Lorna的态度并不是反对儿子接触社交媒体，只是想让孩子健康地使用它。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：SivertKlefsaas的母亲Lorna的灵感来自于她在广播中听到的一项名为“16换16”的挑战，一位母亲在女儿16岁时给她1600美元，如果她远离社交媒体。A.inspired启发；B.encouraged鼓励；C.advocated倡导；D.driven驱使。根据下文“…byachallengesheheardontheradiocalledthe‘16for16’”及文中第一段可知母亲Lorna受到启发，把这个赌约用于自己儿子的身上，让他远离社交媒体。故选A项。【42题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：SivertKlefsaas的母亲Lorna的灵感来自于她在广播中听到的一项名为“16换16”的挑战，一位母亲在女儿16岁时给她1600美元，如果她远离社交媒体。A.stayedon继续停留；B.stayedoff远离；C.stayedout呆在户外；D.stayedup\n熬夜。根据第一段中的“Ifsomeonesaidthey’dpayyou1,800dollarstokeepawayfromsocialmediaforsixyears,wouldyoudoit?”可知，此处讲的是挑战的具体条件，与上文的“keepawayfrom”呼应。故选B项。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她决定再延长两年，并多付200美元。A.less更少；B.most最多；C.more更多；D.least最少。根据第一段中的“Ifsomeonesaidthey’dpayyou1,800dollarstokeepawayfromsocialmediaforsixyears,wouldyoudoit?”和第二段中的“Lorna,SivertKlefsaas’smother,wasbyachallengesheheardontheradiocalledthe‘16for16...’”可知，Lorna是多给了Sivert200美元。故选C项。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sivert说，没有社交媒体的生活并不是那么困难，他在这六年里也没怎么想过这个问题。A.common普通的；B.interesting有趣的；C.difficult困难的；D.useful有用的。根据下文“hedidn’tthinkaboutitmuchduringthesixyears”可知，Sivert觉得没有社交媒体的生活并不是很困难。故选C项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在打赌之前，他唯一使用的应用程序是Snapchat——在试用一天后他删除了它。A.barrier屏障；B.research研究；C.game游戏；D.bet打赌。根据上文语境可知，这里是指代Sivert和妈妈之间的赌约。故选D项。46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会说，从来没有一个时刻，我认为我即将离开社交媒体。A.seldom很少；B.never从不；C.ever曾经；D.even甚至。根据“Asa12-year-oldboy,Sivertsaidhewasn’tusingsocialmediamuchanyway.”可知，Sivert接受了脱离社交媒体六年的挑战，再根据下文“Andasitwenton,itwasmoreofapridething.”可知，Sivert绝对不会有想打破这个赌约的时候，因此选择表示全部否定的副词never。故选B项。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我得避免那些不必要的闹剧。A.awesome让人惊叹的；B.uncertain不确定的；C.vital重要的；D.unnecessary不必要的。根据“‘Andasitwenton,itwasmoreofapridething.’Healsohadhisfriendstokeephimuptodateonthelatestinformationortrends.”可知，Sivert把远离社交媒体当作一件自豪的事情。他也寻求他的朋友告诉他最新的消息或趋势，因此他可以避开社交媒体上各种无谓的狗血剧情。所以选择unnecessary\n“不必要的，无用的”。故选D项。【48题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Lorna说，她从来不用检查儿子Sivert偷偷下载的任何应用程序。A.secretly秘密地；B.publicly公开地；C.quietly安静地；D.cautiously谨慎地。根据“hewantedtoprovehecouldmakeit”可知，此处应该是说Lorna表示她从来不需要检查儿子是否偷偷下载了应用程序。故选A项。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他太好胜了，他想证明自己能成功。A.worried担忧的；B.ashamed感到羞耻的；C.competitive好胜的；D.delighted高兴的。根据上文Sivert坚持自己的赌约及下文“...hewantedtoprovehecouldmakeit”可知，他是一个具有胜负欲的人。故选C项。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们当然不反对社交媒体，但我们关心的是如何健康地使用它。A.constant持续不断的；B.accidental意外的；C.random任意的；D.healthy健康的。根据“He’sso________andhewantedtoprovehecouldmakeit,’shesaid.Italsomeanthehadmoretimetofocusonhisgradesandsportsinstead.”和“Wearecertainlynotagainstsocialmedia,yet…”可知，Lorna的态度不是反对社交媒体而是让她的儿子健康地使用社交媒体。故选D项。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是一个学习的过程。A.condition条件；B.process过程；C.line线条；D.result结果。根据上下文语境和“…andIcan’tdothatquitewellyet.”可知，Sivert认为要和他的朋友一样很好地使用社交媒体会是一个学习的过程。故选B项。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到我的朋友们在他们的社交媒体应用上做得很好，而我还不能做得很好。A.excel擅长；B.hand交；C.get得到；D.take带走。根据下文“…andIcan’tdothatquitewellyet.”可知，Sivert不能很好地使用他的朋友使用得很好的社交媒体，所以可推出他的朋友们擅长使用那些社交软件。因此应是“excelin”意为“在……方面胜过或擅长”。故选A项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是关于不要让自己被它拖累，或被人们在网上发布的东西影响，甚至上瘾。A.weighed使烦恼；B.put放置；C.broken打破；D.torn撕碎。根据“It’saboutnot\nlettingyourselfget________downbyit,oraffectedbythethingspeoplepostonline,…”可知，Lorna对社交媒体的态度是不要让使用者被社交媒体所拖累，或者被人们所分享的东西所影响。强调社交媒体会带来的危害。weighdown“使颓废，使压垮，拖累”。故选A项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是关于不要让自己被它拖累，或被人们在网上发布的东西影响，甚至上瘾。A.applied应用；B.addicted上瘾；C.admitted承认；D.exposed暴露。根据上一空可知此处讲的是社交媒体带来的危害，加上空前的“even”表示递进关系，因此选择addicted“沉迷于……”。故选B项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令她满意的是，她认为儿子现在对社交媒体的看法与12岁时“不同”。A.beginning开始；B.role角色；C.impact影响；D.view观点。根据“Tohersatisfaction,…”可知，Lorna认为她的儿子现在对社交媒体有了与12岁时“不同的视角”。强调对同一事物前后不同的视角，选择view，意为“(理解或思维的)方式，方法”。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asatraditionalformofexpressionassociatedwithimportantcelebrationsandfestivities.UrtiinDuuplays____56____honouredanddistinctroleinMongoliansociety.It____57____(perform)atweddings,thebirthofachild,andothersocialeventscelebratedbyMongolia’scommunities.TheUrtiinDuucanalsobeheardattheNaadam,afestival____58____(feature)wrestling,archeryandhorseracingcompetitions.TheUrtiinDuuisalyricalchant,whichischaracterized____59____anabundanceoffalsettos(假声),anextremelywidevocalrangeandafreecompositionalform.Therisingmelodyisslowandsteady____60____thefallingmelodyisoftenintegratedwitha____61____(live)rhythm.Widely____62____(believe)tohaveoriginated2,000yearsago,theUrtiiuDuuhasbeenrecordedinliteraryworkssincethethirteenthcentury.However,sincethe1950s,____63____(urban)andindustrializationhaveincreasinglyreplacedtraditionalnomadic(游牧民的)lifestyles,andpartsofthegrasslandwheretradition-bearersusedtolive____64____(fall)victimtodesertification,causingmanyfamiliestoshifttoanon-nomadicwayoflife____65____manyclassicalthemesofUrtiinDuu,suchasthepraiseoftypicalnomads’virtuesandexperiences,losetheirrelevance.【答案】56.an57.isperformed\n58.featuring59.by60.while61.lively62.believed63.urbanization64.havefallen65.where【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在蒙古社会有独特而光荣地位的演唱形式——UrtiinDu。【56题详解】考查冠词。句意：UrtiinDuu在蒙古社会中有着独特而光荣的地位。playa/an+形容词+role，意为“扮演......的角色；发挥......的作用”，且honoured发音是以元音音素开头，应用an，故填an。【57题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在蒙古社区举行的婚礼，孩子的出生，以及其他社会活动中都会有这种演唱。空处做谓语，且句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语It和动词perform(表演)是被动关系，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动，故填isperformed。【58题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：UrtiinDuu在那达慕也可以听到，那达慕是一个以摔跤、射箭和赛马为特色的节日。空处是非谓语代词做后置定语，修饰名词festival，且动词feature和名词festival二者之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词做后置定语，故填featuring。【59题详解】考查介词。句意：UrtiinDuu是一种抒情颂歌，以丰富的假声、极宽的音域和自由的组曲形式演唱。becharacterizedby是固定搭配，意为“具有......的特征；以.......为特征”，故填by。【60题详解】考查连词。句意：上升的旋律是缓慢而稳定的，而下降的旋律往往与活泼的节奏结合在一起。空前和空后是两个句子，此处应填连词，且上下文表示对比，应用并列连词while(而；然而)，故填while。【61题详解】\n考查形容词。句意：上升的旋律是缓慢而稳定的，而下降的旋律往往与活泼的节奏结合在一起。空处应用形容词修饰名词，意为“活泼的”，用形容词lively，故填lively。【62题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们普遍认为它起源于2000年前，从13世纪开始，文学作品中就有记载。空处是非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语是主句主语theUrtiiuDuu，且二者之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故填believed。【63题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，自1950年代以来，城市化和工业化日益取代传统的游牧生活方式，传统拥有者曾经居住的部分草原地区已经变成荒漠化，这导致许多家庭转向非游牧生活方式，许多传统的UrtiinDuu主题曲，例如赞美典型游牧民的美德和经历，都失去了其相关性。由空后名词industrialization可知，空处应用名词urbanization(城市化)和industrialization(工业化)做并列主语，且urbanization为不可数名词，故填urbanization。【64题详解】考查时态。句意：然而，自1950年代以来，城市化和工业化日益取代传统的游牧生活方式，传统拥有者曾经居住的部分草原地区已经变成荒漠化，这导致许多家庭转向非游牧生活方式，许多传统的UrtiinDuu主题曲，例如赞美典型游牧民的美德和经历，都失去了其相关性。分析句子结构可知，parts前的and前后连接两个并列句，“wheretradition-bearersusedtolive”是定语从句，所以空处是and后面句子的谓语，由and之前句子的谓语haveplaced可知，句子用的是现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在，所以and后面的句子也应用现在完成时，表示“部分草原已经变成荒漠化”，主语是wheretradition-bearersusedtolive，为复数，所以应用havefallen，故填havefallen。【65题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，自1950年代以来，城市化和工业化日益取代传统的游牧生活方式，传统拥有者曾经居住的部分草原地区已经变成荒漠化，这导致许多家庭转向非游牧生活方式，许多传统的UrtiinDuu主题曲，例如赞美典型游牧民的美德和经历，都失去了其相关性。分析句子结构可知，“manyclassicalthemesofUrtiinDuu,suchasthepraiseoftypicalnomads’virtuesandexperiences,losetheirrelevance.”是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词anon-nomadicwayoflife，且定语从句中缺少地点状语inthelife，所以应用关系代词where来引导，故填where。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）\n第一节（满分15分）66.假定你是李华，正在为高考紧张地复习，但最近你遇到了一些问题或困难，导致学习效率比较低下。于是你给你校的外籍心理老师John写一封信寻求帮助。内容包括：1.你的问题或困难；2.希望获得帮助。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置如答。DearJohn,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sincerelyyours,LiHua【答案】参考范文DearJohn,IamLiHua,asenior3student.Recently,I’vebeenbusypreparingformyCollegeEntranceExam,butunfortunatelyIfinditquitehardtostudyefficiently.SoI’mwritingtoaskyouforhelp.I’mencounteringsomeproblemswhichtroublemealot.First,IhavetospendsomuchtimeonmyhomeworkthatIhardlyhavetimetodosports.Moreover,thehighexpectationsfromtheteachersandparentsmakemestressedoutbecauseIdon’twanttoletthemdown.Facedwiththeaboveproblems,I’manxioustogetyourhelp.Couldyoupleaseoffermesomeadviceonhowtosolvetheseproblems?Sincerelyyours,LiHua【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封信给心理老师John，寻求帮助。【详解】1.词汇积累\n不幸地：unfortunately→unluckily十分，很：quite→extremely遇到：encounter→runinto此外：moreover→besides2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Facedwiththeaboveproblems,I’manxioustogetyourhelp.拓展句：AsIamfacedwiththeaboveproblems,I’manxioustogetyourhelp.【点睛】【高分句型1】I’mencounteringsomeproblemswhichtroublemealot.（运用了which引导的限定性定语从句）【高分句型2】First,IhavetospendsomuchtimeonmyhomeworkthatIhardlyhavetimetodosports.（运用了so...that引导的结果状语从句）第二节（满分25分）67.阅读下面材料；根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwas13,Iclimbedmyfirstmountain.IwasoverweightatthetimeandoutofbreathwhenIreachedthepeak.ButIlovedthechallengeofit.SoonI’dclimbednearly100peaks.MyparentswerehappyI’dfinallyfoundmyfavoritehobby.IoftengoclimbingwithmyfriendMelOlsen.Twoyearsago,onDecember30,whenIwas16,sheandIdrovetoOregontotackle11,240-footMountHood.It’ssafertostartwinterclimbsatnightwhenthere’slessriskofthesunmeltingthesnowpack.Thatday,westartedat3a.m.,followingthepathsalongsidetheskiruns.Thetemperaturewasabout14degrees,andweworelayerswecouldeasilyremove,knowingtheclimbingwouldmakeuswarm.Afteraboutfivehours,wereachedDevil’sKitchen,aplateau(高原)atabout10,000feet,justbeforethefinalpushtothetop.Bythispoint,thewindconditionswereveryunpleasant.Myexposedskinfeltasthoughitwereburning.Someotherclimbersdecidedtoturnback,butMelandIwentahead.Wehadiceaxes(斧子),helmetsandcrampons(带钉铁鞋底).Wewerepreparedfortheclimb.Thetrailwefollowedgrewnarrowerandsteeper.Ataround9a.m.,wereachedanicestep.Itwasaboutthreeorfourfeettallandslopedata75-degreeangle.Ivolunteeredtogofirst.Iplacedmyleftfootontheicestep.Yougainasenseoftheicewhenyoustickyouraxandcramponsintoit,anditfeltgood.\nConfidentthatIwassafe,Iputmyfullweightonit.SuddenlyIheardacrack,andawholethickpieceoficebrokeoffthestep,rightundermyfoot.Inaninstant,Ifellbackward.IcouldhearMelcallingmynameasIfelldown,bouncingofftherockfaceandrollingdownthemountainasifIwereacharacterinavideogame.Irememberthinking,“Thatisit.You’redone.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Istuckoutmyarmsandlegs,grabbingatanything._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WithMelbymysideI’dbeenlyingontheicyrockforfourhoursbythetimetherescuersreachedme._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】参考范文Istuckoutmyarmsandlegs,grabbingatanything.Butitdidn’thelp!/(Thatslowedmyrollingdownthemountain,butIwasstillsliding.)Afterafewheart-in-mouthseconds,Icametoastoponanicyrock.Myclotheswereshredded,myhelmetwasbrokenandmyfacewasbloodiedfromcutsandscratches.Worsestill,Iwassufferingfromasharp,unbearablepaininmylegs.FeargrippedmeandIwassinkingtothedepthsofdespairwhenMelmadeherwaydown.Seeingmeunabletomove,sheyelledforhelp,andwiththehelpofseveraladultclimbersshecalledtheMountainRescue.WithMelbymysideI’dbeenlyingontheicyrockforfourhoursbythetimetherescuers\nreachedme.Theystrappedmeintoasledandpulledmedownthemountain.Ihaveaprettyhighpaintolerance,butIscreamedwitheachbounce.AtthebottomofMountHood,Iwasloadedintoanambulanceandtakentoahospital,wheremybrokenlegsweretreated.Ididn’tgetreleaseduntilonemonthlater.It‘struethatthefallbroughtmepainandmadememorecautious.Buttheexperiencealsomademegrowasapersonwithgrowingfaithinfriendshipandgreaterenthusiasmformyfavoritehobby.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在和好友梅尔一起登山时遭遇意外，好友不离不弃，解救作者的故事。【详解】段落续写：第一段首句内容“我伸出胳膊和腿，抓住任何东西。”可知，第一段可描写作者受伤，疼痛难忍、紧张害怕，好友大声呼救，作者最终获救。②由第二段首句内容“救援人员赶到我身边时，我已经在冰冷的岩石上躺了四个小时，在此期间，梅尔一直陪在我身边。”可知，第二段可描写作者被送往医院接受治疗以及自己从这次经历得到的教训以及对友谊的新认识。2.续写线索：作者受伤————疼痛难忍、紧张害怕——好友大声呼救——作者获救——好友一直陪伴——入院治疗——教训以及感悟3.词汇激活行为类①抓住：grabat/catchholdof②控制：grip/control情绪类①谨慎、小心的：cautious/careful②恐惧：fear/horror【点睛】[高分句型1].Seeingmeunabletomove,sheyelledforhelp,andwiththehelpofseveraladultclimbersshecalledtheMountainRescue.（运用了现在分词作状语）[高分句型2].AtthebottomofMountHood,Iwasloadedintoanambulanceandtakentoahospital,wheremybrokenlegsweretreated.（运用了关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句）
