福建省福建师范大学附属中学2022学年高一英语上学期期中试题含解析

福建省福建师范大学附属中学2022-2022学年高一英语上学期期中试题（含解析）考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第Ⅰ卷（共84分）第一部分：听力（共20题；每小题1分，共20分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdidthemandotoday?A.Hetookawrittentest.B.Hepassedthedriver’stest.C.Hereceivedhisdriver’slicense.2.Whoisprobablygoingtocompeteinthecontest?A.Lisa.B.Anna.C.Jenny.3.Whatneedstobechanged?A.Thewoman’saddress.B.Thewoman’sofficenumber.C.Thewoman’scompany’sname.4.Whydoesthewomanthinkthemanislying?A.Hisbodylanguagetellsit.B.Heisadishonestperson.C.Shealreadyknewthetruth.5.WhatismentionedaboutDan?A.Hehadtotaketimeoff.B.Heisthenewprojectmanager.C.HewillholdameetingonTuesday.第二节-29-\n听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A.B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6,7题。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Usingthelefthand.B.Operatingmachines.C.Designingmachines.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Left-handerscan’trunthemachines.B.Thewomanonlyusesherrighthand.C.Thewomanismoreskillfulthantheman.听第7段材料,回答第8,9题。8.Whatdoesthemanspendmostofhispocketmoneyon?A.Food.B.Books.C.Clothes.9.Howmuchmoneydoesthemanreceivefromhisuncleeverymonth?A.$15.B.$60.C.$80.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Wheremightthespeakersbe?A.Atatoystore.B.Atagamecenter.C.Attheman’shouse.11.Whatdidthemanplayyesterday?A.Spider-Man.B.Aracinggame.C.Anairplanegame.12.Whatvehiclewillthewomanchooseinthegame?A.Aracecar.B.Amotorcycle.C.Amonstertruck.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whathasthemanbeendoinglately?A.Travelingtoaseasidetown.B.Playingthepianoforagroup.C.LookingforajobinGermany.14.Whydoesn’tthemanwanttotakethenewjob?A.Thesalaryisnotgood.B.Hehatesworkinginhotels.-29-\nC.Hedislikesplayingthesameoldmusicallthetime.15.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelaboutthenewjob?A.Bored.B.Satisfied.C.Disappointed.16.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Husbandandwife.C.Managerandemployee.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhatwasAnnieOakleyfamousfor?A.Herperfectshootingskill.B.Heradventureswhiletraveling.C.HerfriendshipwithNativeAmericans.18.WhatistrueaboutAnnieOakley?A.ShegrewupintheWildWest.B.Shefoughtinabattlebefore.C.ShewasborninOhio.19.WhydidAnnieOakleybegintolearnhowtohunt?A.Tosupportherfamily.B.Tobecomefamousinhertown.C.Tomakehergrandfather’sdreamcometrue.20.AtwhatagedidAnnieOakleydie?A.46.B.56.C.66.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，共34分）第一节（共12小题；每小题2分，共24分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AWhatcanhelpyoumakeafortuneinthefuture?Graduatingfromatopuniversitymightnotbeenough.AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofEssexinBritainhasshownthatthemorefriendsyouhaveinschool,themoremoneyyou'llearnlater.Theideathatpopularitycouldhaveaseriouseffectonone'searningpotentia（潜在性）shouldn'tcomeastoomuchofasurprise.Theresearchersfoundthatifyou-29-\nwanttogetaheadinlife,socialskillsandnetworkingareeasilyaspowerfulastalentandhardwork..“Ifapersonhaslotsoffriends,itmeansthatheorshehastheabilitytogetalongwithothersinallkindsofdifferentsituations,"saidXuYanchun,17,fromNantouHighSchoolinShenzhen,whototallyagreedwiththerecentfinding."Also,friendsalwayshelpeachother.Theynotonlycreatewidersocialcirclesforyoubutliftyourmoodwhenyoufeelbad,"saidXu.Shebelievedthatallthishelpsyou"earnahighersalary”.Maybethat'swhysomepeoplethinktheyoungergenerationsareintheageofFriendalholism(交友狂症).AwomanevencomplainedthatthenetworkingwebsiteFacebook's5,000-friendlimitwastoolowforherlargenumberofsocialcontacts.Butwhatdoesafriendmean?Shouldfriendsberegardedasaformofcurrency（货币）?“Callmeuncoil,butIthinkofafriendasanactualpersonwithwhomIhaveanactualhistoryandwhomIenjoyactuallyseeing.Itseems,however,thatthisisnolongerthedefinition(定义)of‘friend',”saidMeghanDaum,whoworkswithTheLosAngelesTimesintheUS.Daumdislikestheideathatquantitytrumpsqualityintheageoffriendaholism.Shethoughttheideaoffriendship,atleastamongthegrowingpopulationofInternetsocialnetworkers,wastogetasmanyofnot-really-friendsaspossible.Forexample,afriendmightbesomeoneyoumightknowpersonallybutwhocouldjustaseasilybethefriendofafriendofsomeotherFacebookfriendyoudon'tactuallyknow.Althoughsheagreedthatsocialtiesgrease(润滑)thewheelsoflife,shealsowamed,"Toobadonethingmoneycan'tbuyisarealfriend."1.Whatwillbeneededifyouaretoachievesuccessaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Socialskills,friends,goodmoodandfortune.B.Socialskills,talent,hardworkandfacebook.C.Socialskills,networking,potentialandfortune.D.Socialskills,networking,talentandhardwork.2.WhatcanfriendsdointheeyesofXuYanchun?-29-\nA.Theycanhelpyouwithyourschoolwork.B.Theyteachyouhowtomakemoremoney.C.Theyintroducetheirfriendstoyou.D.Theyhelpyoutogetridofsadnessandcheerup.3.WelearnthatMeghanDaum'sattitudetowardsfriendsissomewhat_____.A.up-to-dateB.traditionalC.confusedD.optimistic4.Whatdoestheword"trumps"inthelastparagraphmean?A.isworsethanB.isequaltoC.isbetterthanD.issimilarto【答案】1.D2.D3.B4.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要向人们讲述了朋友在人们生活中的重要作用。你在上学时拥有越多的朋友，那么你以后就会有越多的财富。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Theresearchersfoundthatifyouwanttogetaheadinlife,socialskillsandnetworkingareeasilyaspowerfulastalentandhardwork..可知，如果你要根据研究人员取得成功，你需要社交技能、人脉、人才和勤奋工作。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中friendsalwayshelpeachother.Theynotonlycreatewidersocialcirclesforyoubutliftyourmoodwhenyoufeelbad,"saidXu.Shebelievedthatallthishelpsyou"earnahighersalary”.可知，以徐延春看来，朋友能帮助你摆脱悲伤，振作起来。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Callmeuncoil,butIthinkofafriendasanactualpersonwithwhomIhaveanactualhistoryandwhomIenjoyactuallyseeing.Itseems,however,thatthisisnolongerthedefinition(定义)of‘friend',”可知，我们知道MeghanDaum对朋友的态度有点传统。故选B。【4题详解】-29-\n词义猜测题。根据最后一段中Daumdislikestheideathatquantitytrumpsqualityintheageoffriendaholism.Shethoughttheideaoffriendship,atleastamongthegrowingpopulationofInternetsocialnetworkers,wastogetasmanyofnot-really-friendsaspossible.Daum不喜欢在“滥交朋友”时代，数量胜过质量。她认为，至少在越来越多的互联网社交网络工作者中，友谊的理念是尽可能多地结交朋友。由此推知划线词的意思是“好过，胜过”。故选C。【点睛】做词义猜测题时，最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。千万不能脱离开语境，尤其是要抓住所需推断词汇前后的含义。本题第4小题，根据最后一段中Daumdislikestheideathatquantitytrumpsqualityintheageoffriendaholism.Shethoughttheideaoffriendship,atleastamongthegrowingpopulationofInternetsocialnetworkers,wastogetasmanyofnot-really-friendsaspossible.Daum不喜欢在“滥交朋友”时代，数量胜过质量。她认为，至少在越来越多的互联网社交网络工作者中，友谊的理念是尽可能多地结交朋友。由此推知划线词的意思是“好过，胜过”。BThefoodchainistheorderinwhichanimalsandplantseateachotherinordertosurvive.Everylivingcreature(生物)needstoeatothercreaturesbelowit.Everyecosystem（生态系统）hasadifferentfoodchain,dependingonwhichanimalsandplantslivethere.Thelowestpartofthefoodchainaretheplants.Theyarecalledproducersbecausetheyproducetheirownfoodbyusingthesunlight'senergy.Thisprocessiscalledphotosynthesis(光合作用).Animalsaretheconsumers（消费者）ofthefoodchain.Theyeatotherplantsandanimals.Someanimalsonlyeatplants.Amongthisgroupofherbivoresarerabbits,miceandcows.Carnivoresareanimalsthateatotheranimals,likewolves,foxesandlions.Eachfoodchainhasapredator,thestrongestanimalthatisnoteatenbyothers.Hawksorpolarbearsaresuchpredatorsthatdominate（支配）theirhabitats.Manycreaturesbelongtomorethanonefoodchain.Grass,forexample,iseatenbymanyotheranimals.Foodchainsthatareconnectedtoeachotherarecalledfoodwebs.Whenananimaldiesitiseatenupbyworms,bacteria（细菌）andother-29-\norganisms.Theseso-calleddecomposersbreakdowndeadanimalsandplantsintosmallpartsandenrichsoilsothatotherplantscangrowbetter.Thenutrientsofdeadanimalsandplantsareconverted（转换）backtothesoilsothatplantscanusethemagain.Thebalanceofplantsandanimalswithinafoodchainisdeterminedbynature.Forexample,iftherearetoomanyzebrasinanarea,manyofthemwilldiebecausetheycannotgetenoughfoodtofeedon.Thisalsomeansthatthereislessfoodforpredators,likelions,toeat.Andwhentherearefewerlionsthezebrapopulationwillgrowagain.5.Whatdoesthefoodchainofacertainecosystemdependon?A.Whichanimalsandplantslivethere.B.Whetheranimalsandplantseateachother.C.Howmanykindsofplantsarelivingthere.D.Whetheralivingcreatureneedstoeatothercreatures.6.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbecalledtheprocessofphotosynthesis?A.Animalsandplantseateachotherinordertosurvive.B.Everylivingcreatureneedstoeatothercreaturesbelowit.C.Plantsmakeuseofthesunlight'senergytoproducetheirownfood.D.Animalsaretheconsumersofotherplantsandanimalsinafoodchain.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“herbivores”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Animalsthateatotheranimals.B.Animalsthatgetonwellwithotheranimals.C.Animalsthatonlyeatplants.D.Animalsthateatplantsandotheranimals.8.Whichofthefollowingshowstherightorderofafoodchain?A.bacteria→insects→miceB.grass→insects→foxesC.bacteria→grass→insectsD.grass→rabbits→lions【答案】5.A6.C7.C8.D【解析】-29-\n本文是一篇科普知识类说明文。文章用分类和举例的方式说明了食物链以及食物链中各种生物之间的关系。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段的最后一句可知某一生态系统中的食物链是由生存于此的动植物共同决定的。所以选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中的“theyproducetheirownfoodbyusingthesunlight’senergy.Thisprocessiscalledphotosynthesis”可知，植物利用阳光的能量来生产自己的食物。此处应选C。【7题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段Someanimalsonlyeatplants.Amongthisgroupofherbivoresarerabbits,miceandcows.Carnivoresareanimalsthateatotheranimals,likewolves,foxesandlions.可知，有些动物只吃植物。在这群食草动物中，有兔子、老鼠和奶牛。食肉动物是吃其他动物的动物，比如狼、狐狸和狮子。故选C。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章的第三段可知，草、野兔和狮子可以组成一个食物链。所以选D。CWhenyouareachild,thewholeworldislikeabigplayground.IwaslivinginConyers,Georgiathesummerwhenitallhappened.Iwasasecondgrader,andmybestfriendStephaniewasonlyinthefirstgrade.Bothofourparentswereatworkandmostofthetimetheyletusgoourownway.ItwasahotafternoonandwedecidedtohaveanadventureinStephanie'sbasement.AsIopenedthebasementdoor,Ispottedaredsteelcan.Itwaspaint.Ilookedbeyonditandtherelayevenmorepaintinbrightcolorslikepurple,orange,blueandgreen."Stephanie,Ijustfoundusaprojectfortheday.Getsomepaintbrushes.Let’spaint."ShescreamedwithexcitementasItoldherofmyplansandimmediatelywegottowork.Wegatheredallthebrusheswecouldfindandmovedallofourmaterialstomyyard.Thereontheroadinfrontofmyhouse,wepaintedbigstripes(条纹)ofcolorsacrossthepavement(人行道).Stripebystripe,ourcolorsturnedintoabeautifulrainbow.Itwasfantastic!Thesunwasstartingtosink.IsawacarinthedistanceandjumpedupasI-29-\nrecognizedthecar.Itwasmymother.Icouldn'twaittoshowhermymasterpiece.Thecarpulledslowlyintothedrivewayandfromthelookonmymother'sface,IcouldtellthatIwasindeeptrouble.Mymothershutthecardoorandwalkedtowardsme.Hereyesglaring,sheshouted,"Whatintheworldwereyouthinking？Iunderstoodwhenyoumadecastlesoutofleaves,andclimbedtheneighbors'trees,butthis!Comeinsiderightnow!"Istoodthereglaringbackatherforaminute,angrybecauseshehadinsulted(侮辱)myart."Nowgocleanitup!"MotherandIbegancleaningtheroad.TearsrandownmycheeksasIsawmybeautifulrainbowturnintoblackcement（水泥）.Thoughyearshavenowpassed,Istillwonderwheremyrainbowhasgone.Iwonderif,maybewhenIgetolder,Icanfindmyrainbowandneverhavetobrushitaway.Iguessweallneedsomesortofrainbowtobrightenourlivesfromtimetotimeandtokeepourhopesanddreamscolorful.9.Whatdidthewriterwanttodowhenhismothercamehome？A.TointroduceStephanietoher.B.Topreventherfromseeinghispainting.C.Toputthematerialsbackintheyard.D.Toshowhisartworktoher.10.Inhismother'seyes,thewriter_______.A.wasabornartistB.alwayscausedtroubleC.wasaproblemsolverD.workedveryhard11.Theunderlinedword"rainbow"inthelastparagraphrefersto______.A.therainbowintheskyB.thestripesonthepavementC.somethingimaginativeandfunD.importantlessonslearnedinchildhood12.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatparentsshould______.A.encouragechildrentopaintB.valuefriendshipamongchildrenC.discoverthehiddentalentinchildrenD.protectratherthandestroychildren'sdreams-29-\n【答案】9.D10.B11.C12.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述作者的开心的画彩虹的过程，到后来被母亲要求把街道清理干净，到最后的感慨，表明作者写作的最终想要表达的目的之一是：父母应该支持孩子的某些创造性的行为，而不是意味的否定。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段IsawacarinthedistanceandjumpedupasIrecognizedthecar.Itwasmymother.Icouldn'twaittoshowhermymasterpiece.可知我当时是很高兴的，想把我的杰作给母亲看。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五、六段可以推断出，母亲特别反感作者的一切行为，所以很生气，认为她是一个麻烦制造者。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段作者的感慨tokeepourhopesanddreamscolorful.可以推断此时作者提到的rainbow不是指自己曾经画过的街上的彩虹，而是指自己的人生中的彩虹。故选C。【12题详解】推理判断题。从整篇文章开头叙述作者的开心的画彩虹的过程，到后来被母亲要求把街道清理干净，到最后的感慨，表明作者写作的最终想要表达的目的之一是：父母应该支持孩子的某些创造性的行为，而不是意味的否定。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Somepeoplemakeyoufeelcomfortablewhentheyarearound.Youspendanhourwiththemandfeelyouarealreadyclosefriends.Theyarealwaysgoodtalkers.Hereareseveralskillsthatgoodtalkershaveincommon.Ifyoufollowtheskills,they’llhelpyouputpeopleattheirease,andmakefriendswiththemquickly.___13___Firstofall,goodtalkersaskquestions.Almostanyone,nomatterhowshyheis,willansweraquestion.Onewell-knownbusinesswomansays,“Atbusinesslunches,Ialwaysaskpeoplewhattheydidthatmorning.___14___”Fromthereyoucanmoveontoothermatters—sometimestoreallypersonalquestions.___15___.Second,once-29-\ngoodtalkershaveaskedquestions,theylistentotheanswers.Yourquestionsshouldhaveapointandhelptotellwhatsortofpersonyouaretalkingto.Andtofindout,youreallyhavetolistencarefully.Reallisteningatleastmeanssomethings.Ifsomeonestickstoonetopic,youcantakeitasafactthathe’sreallyinterestedinit.Reallisteningalsomeansnotjustlisteningtowords,buttotonesofvoice.___16___Finally,goodtalkersknowwellhowto“saygoodbye”.Ifyou’resayinggoodbye,youmaygivehimafirmhandshakeandsay,“I’vereallyenjoyedmeetingyou.”_____17_____.Letpeopleknowwhatyoufeel,andtheymaywalkaway,happyandsatisfied.A.Youcanbecomeapopularperson.B.You’dbetterchangethesubjectifthevoicesoundsdull.C.Don’tbeafraidtosaysoifyouwanttoseethatpersonagain.D.Althoughthequestioniscommon，itwillgetthingsgoing.E.It’spolitetolistentootherswithasmile.F.Andhowheanswerswillletyouknowhowfaryoucango.G.Thesepeoplehavesomethingincommon.【答案】13.A14.D15.F16.B17.C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。这篇文章讲述的是和别人交往时怎样能够成为一名擅长谈话的人，文中给出了一些可行性建议。【13题详解】上文提示“如果你遵循这些技能，他们会帮助你让人们放松，并迅速与他们交朋友。”承接上文，A项Youcanbecomeapopularperson.（你能变成一个受欢迎的人。）切题。故选A。【14题详解】上文提示“在商务午餐时，我总是问人们那天早上他们做了什么。”承接上文，D项Althoughthequestioniscommon，itwillgetthings-29-\ngoing.（尽管这个问题很普遍，但它会让事情进展顺利。）切题。该项中的thequestion与上文的问题相吻合，故选D。【15题详解】上文提示“从那里你可以转移到其他事情上——有时是真正的私人问题。”承接上文，F项Andhowheanswerswillletyouknowhowfaryoucango.（他的回答会让你知道你能走多远。）切题。故选F。【16题详解】上文提示“真正的倾听不仅意味着倾听话语，还意味着声音的音调。”承接上文，B项You’dbetterchangethesubjectifthevoicesoundsdull.（如果声音听起来很无聊，你最好换个话题。）切题。故选B。【17题详解】下文提示“让人们知道你的感受，他们可能会走开，快乐而满足。”承接下文，C项Don’tbeafraidtosaysoifyouwanttoseethatpersonagain.（如果你想再见到那个人，不要害怕说出来。）切题。故选C。第三部分完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将其涂黑。Inasmallopencourtyard,outsideaschoolbuilding,therewereflowershereandthere.Inthesunshine，a___18___waslyingonthegrass，readingabookwith___19___attention.Nearher，anotherchildwascarefullywateringtheflowers,whileathirdwas___20___withhisbackagainstatreeandhada___21___onhisknees.Heappearedtobedrawingorwritingsomethingonit.Hewas___22___inhistask,likethefirstchild.___23___thebuilding,therewerepleasantcarpetedareas.Manychildrenwerebusywiththeirtasksinavarietyofways，___24___teacherswanderedamongthem,talkingtothem，___25___them,andencouragingtheirefforts.___26___IwatchedthissceneonamorninginMayyearsago,it___27___methatavisitorhere___28___neverhavethoughthehadenteredaformalschool.Hewouldhavebeenevenmore___29___ifhehadbeentoldthatthechildrenhewas___30___camefromdifferentkindsofacademic（学业）levels.That___31___hasbeenstayingwithmeeversince.Ihavebeen___32___about-29-\nsomeproblems.Whyinmanyschoolsareourchildrenoftenaskedtolearnskillsinaway___33___fromareal-lifecontext（情境）?Whydoesalivelyschoolchildso___34___becomeadefeatedschoolfailure?Developmentalpsychologist（心理学家）MargaretDonaldoncesaid,“Muchoftheintellectualframework(知识框架)onwhichwe___35___ourteachingismisleading.”Inmyopinion,achildlearnseverythinginhuman___36___.Andifeverychildcouldlearninthesamewayasthechildrenintheschool___37___Ivisitedyearsago，theywoulddevelopbetter.18.A.gardenerB.childC.teacherD.visitor19.A.poorB.littleC.fullD.slight20.A.sittingB.standingC.SleepingD.listening21.A.toyB.pencilC.flowerD.notebook22.A.settledB.setC.defeatedD.lost23.A.OverB.AboveC.InsideD.Outside24.A.duringB.whileC.untilD.evenif25.A.referringtoB.pointingtoC.smilingatD.staringat26.A.AsB.UnlessC.UntilD.Before27.A.cameupwithB.thoughtaboutC.attackedD.hit28.A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.need29.A.satisfiedB.surprisedC.pleasedD.disappointed30.A.helpingB.spottingC.seekingD.watching31.A.sceneB.signC.lookD.view32.A.dreamingB.regrettingC.wonderingD.joking33.A.takenB.preventedC.learnedD.separated34.A.oftenB.hardlyC.seldomD.badly35.A.feedB.baseC.turnD.discover36.A.raceB.positionC.situationD.case37.A.whenB.whichC.towhichD.inwhich【答案】18.B19.C20.A21.D22.D23.C24.B25.C26.A27.D28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.A35.-29-\nB36.C37.B【解析】本文是一篇议论文。为什么很多学校要求孩子学东西的方式与真实生活差之甚远？为什么天真活泼的学童如此经常地成为学校失败教育的产物？许多孩子忙着各干各的，老师在他们中间走来走去，与他们说着话，面带微笑，对他们的努力予以鼓励。发展心理学家玛格丽特.唐纳德曾说：“我们教学上所依据的智力架构中，存在着太多的误导。”我认为，孩子是在人文的环境里学习各种东西。如果每个孩子以我所参观的那所学校同样的方式学习，他们的发展会好的多。【18题详解】考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.gardener园丁；B.child孩子；C.teacher教师；D.visitor访问者。由下文的anotherchild可以直接得出答案。故选B。【19题详解】考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.poor可怜的；B.little小的；C.full满的；D.slight轻微的。withcompleteconcentration全神贯注。故选C。【20题详解】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.sitting坐；B.standing站；C.sleeping睡；D.listening听。由后面的“withhisbackagainstatree”可以看出，应选sitting。故选A。【21题详解】考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.toy玩具；B.pencil铅笔；C.flower花；D.notebook笔记本。由“tobedrawingorwritingsomethingonit”可以看出，四个选项中只有notebook符合要求。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.settled解决；B.set树立；C.defeated打败；D.lost丢失。belostinsth.相当于loseoneselfinsth.，意思是：专心做某事。故选D。【23题详解】考查介词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.Over在……之上（正上方）；B.Above超过，在……之上；；C.Inside在……之内；D.Outside在……之外。第一段描述的是教学楼外的情景，而这一段描述的是教学楼内的情景，所以对应文章第一句中的outside，这里要选择inside。故选C。-29-\n【24题详解】考查连词。A.during在---期间；B.while然而；C.until直到---为止；D.evenif即使。许多孩子都以各种方式忙于他们的任务，而老师们则在他们中间游荡，与他们交谈，对他们微笑，鼓励他们的努力。此处while“然而”，前后形成鲜明对比，故选B。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析和对语境的理解。A.referringto参考、涉及；B.smilingat冲着……微笑；C.pointingto指向；D.staringat凝视、盯着看；句意为：老师在学生们中走动，和他们交流，对他们微笑……。故选B。【26题详解】考查连词的辨析和对语境的理解A.As当---的时候；B.Unless除非；C.Until直到---为止；D.Before在---之前。句意为：当我数年前五月的一个上午见到这一幕的时候，我突然想到来这里的客人绝不会想到他已进入了一所正规的学校。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.cameupwith提出；B.thoughtabout思考；C.attacked攻击；D.hit撞击，击打。Ithitmethat是固定句型，意思是：我突然想到……。故选D。【28题详解】考查情态动词。A.could能够；B.should应该；C.must必须；D.need需要。根据it___10___methatavisitorhere___11___neverhavethoughthehadenteredaformalschool.可知，我突然想到，这里的一位客人从来没有想到他可能已经进入了一所正规的学校。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词辨析和对语境的理解。A.satisfied感到满意；B.surprised感到吃惊；C.pleased感到高兴；D.disappointed感到失望。这里是接着上一句的描述来说的。知道了这是在正规学校的学生的学习情况，来访者肯定会吃惊的，而后面的事情：这些学生（原来的）水平却是不同的，这使人更加吃惊。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.helping帮助；B.spotting发现；C.seeking寻找；D.watching观看。这里的主语是前文所说的visitor，那些孩子们的活动只能是他观察而来的。故选D。【31题详解】-29-\n考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.scene场面、情景；B.sign迹象、符号、指示牌；C.look样子；D.view视野。上一段第一句有暗示。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.dreaming梦想；B.regretting后悔；C.wondering纳闷、想知道；D.joking开玩笑。这里表示作者想知道这些问题的答案。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A.taken拿、带；B.prevented阻止；C.learned学习；D.separated分开。上文描述的孩子们在教学楼内外的学习方式是和现实生活联系在一起的，而我们所谓的正式的学校教育却是脱离现实生活的，故选D。【34题详解】考查副词。A.often经常；B.hardly几乎不；C.seldom很少，难得；D.badly非常，严重地。根据Whydoesalivelyschoolchildso___17___becomeadefeatedschoolfailure?可知，为什么一个活泼的学生会成为一个学业上的失败者呢？故选A。【35题详解】考查动词。A.feed喂养；B.base以---作基础；C.turn转变；D.discover发现。根据Muchoftheintellectualframework(知识框架)onwhichwe___18___ourteachingismisleading.可知，我们的教学基础上的许多知识框架都具有误导性。故选B。【36题详解】考查名词。A.race种族；B.position位置；C.situation情况；D.case实例。根据Inmyopinion,achildlearnseverythinginhuman___19___.可知，在我看来，一个孩子在人类的处境中学习一切。故选A。【37题详解】考查定语从句。根据ifeverychildcouldlearninthesamewayasthechildrenintheschool___20___Ivisitedyearsago，theywoulddevelopbetter.可知，如果每个孩子都能像我几年前访问过的学校里的孩子那样学习，他们会发展得更好。故选B。第II卷（共66分）（请将你的答案填写在答案卷上）根据所给首字母写出正确的单词来完成句子。注意：将首字母一起填写到答题卷上，即答题卷上要写出完整的单词。38.Thesubwayline，whichwasoriginallysettobeginoperationinearly2022，is-29-\nopeningaheadofs_________.39.Withtheadvancedmedicaltreatment，theboyhasr_________fromtheterribleillness.40.Nowadayseverycompanywouldprefertohireamanwhohasagoodc_________ofEnglish.41.Beingr_________inpublicoftenbringsthemoviestarsmuchtrouble，sotheyalwaysweardarkglassestoavoidit.42.Heseemstobedoingnothing，buta_________heisjustwaitingforachance.43.Whentravelling，pleaseremembernottobep_________intobuyingsomethinguselessbutexpensivebytheguide.44.Heisnotar_________person，forhenevercarriesouthispromises.45.Itwashisoptimistic（乐观的）a_________tolifeandhardworkthatfinallyledhimtohissuccessfulcareer.46.Thepolicewillofferar_________of＄1000toanyonewhoprovidesusefulinformationtocatchtherobber.47.Ah_________isthetitleofanewspaperstory，printedinlargelettersatthetopofthestory，especiallyonthefrontpage.【答案】38.schedule39.recovered40.command41.recognized42.actually43.persuaded44.reliable45.attitude46.reward47.headline【解析】根据所给首字母写出正确的单词来完成句子。【38题详解】句意：原定于2022年初开始运营的地铁线路提前开工。aheadof-29-\nschedule提前，故答案为schedule。【39题详解】句意：经过先进的治疗，这个男孩已经从可怕的疾病中恢复过来了。固定词组：recoverfrom从---恢复回来，故答案为recovered。【40题详解】句意：现在每个公司都更愿意雇佣一个精通英语的人。haveagoodcommandof对…掌握熟练，故答案为command。【41题详解】句意：在公共场合被认出来往往会给电影明星带来很多麻烦，所以他们总是戴着墨镜以避免这种情况。此处是动名词一般式的被动式做主语，故答案为recognized。【42题详解】句意：他似乎什么也没做，但实际上他只是在等待一个机会。副词修饰整个句子，故答案为actually。【43题详解】句意：在旅行时，请记住不要被向导说服去买一些没用的东西，并且价格昂贵。此处是动词不定式一般式的被动式做宾语，故答案为persuaded。【44题详解】句意：他不是一个可靠的人，因为他从不履行他的诺言。形容词修饰名词，故答案为reliable。【45题详解】句意：正是他对生活和努力工作的乐观态度，最终使他成功地完成了自己的事业。结合句意可知答案为attitude。【46题详解】句意：警方将悬赏1000美元给任何提供有用信息的人，以抓住强盗。故答案为reward。【47题详解】句意：一个头条新闻是报纸故事的标题，在故事的顶部印上大写字母，尤其是在头版。故答案为headline。单句语法填空注意：有给提示词的，可以填3个词以内；没给提示词的，只能填1个词。48.Withthe__________(determine)toimprovemyspokenEnglish,iseizeany-29-\nopportunitytocommunicatewiththenative.49.I’msendingyouthebookalongwiththematerial__________(concern).50.__________(judge)fromtheirspeech，governmentleadersareincreasinganxiousabouttheairpollutionissues.51.Thehospital，__________（found）in2022，isaimedtogivehelpinghandstothepoor.52.Thecookwhowasfoundsmokinginthekitchenisluckytoescape__________（fire）.53.We’dliketoknowwhatusewecanmake__________thesewastematerials.54.Hefoundhimselffightingthebigretailchains，__________（devote）hislifetomakethebusinesswork.55.Youmusthavewitnessedcases__________peoplearelivinginfearanddepression.56.ItwasonthemorningofMay1st__________ImetLuHanattheairport.57.Realizinghehadwastedtoomuchtimeand__________hedidn'tliveuptohisparents’expectations，theboydeterminedtostopplayinggames.【答案】48.determination49.conceded50.judging51.founded52.beingfired53.of54.devoting55.where56.that57.that【解析】【分析】单句语法填空【48题详解】句意：我决心提高我的英语口语，我抓住任何机会与当地人交流。根据定冠词the可知后面用名词，故答案为determination。【49题详解】-29-\n句意：我把这本书连同相关材料一起寄给你。此处是with的独立主格结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语，thematerial和concern之间是被动关系，故答案为concerned。【50题详解】现在分词的独立成分。Judgingfrom根据---来判断，故答案为Judging。【51题详解】句意：这家医院成立于2022年，旨在为穷人提供帮助。Thehospital和found之间是被动关系，此处是过去分词做后置定语，故答案为founded。【52题详解】句意：被发现在厨房吸烟的厨师很幸运地逃脱了被解雇。escapedoingsth.逃脱做某事，此处句子主语Thecook和fire之间是被动关系，所以用动名词一般式的被动式，故答案为beingfired。【53题详解】句意：我们想知道我们怎样利用这些废料。固定词组：makeuseof利用，故答案为of。【54题详解】句意：他发现自己在与大型零售连锁店对抗，他的一生都在努力工作。句子主语he和devote之间是一种转折关系，此处是现在分词做伴随状语，故答案为devoting。【55题详解】句意：你一定目睹过人们生活在恐惧和沮丧之中的情况。此处cases是先行词，在后面的定语从句中做地点状语，故答案为where。【56题详解】句意：我是在5月1日上午在机场遇到卢汉的。此处是强调句型，Itis/was+强调部分+that+---，故答案为that。【57题详解】句意：意识到自己浪费了太多的时间，而且他没有达到父母的期望，男孩决定停止玩游戏。Realizing后面是两个并列的that引导的定语从句，第一个that可以省略，第二个that不能省略，故答案为that。【点睛】强调句1.用Itis／wasthat／who句型表示强调。（1）陈述句的强调句型：Itis/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。e.g.ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.（2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。e.g.Wasityesterday-29-\nthathemetLiPing?（3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g.Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?2.notuntil句型的强调句：句型为：Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其它部分：e.g.普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.强调句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.3.强调谓语动词：用助动词do,does或did加动词原形来强调谓语动词。注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时态用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。如：Docomeearly.务必早来。Hedidsendyoualetterlastweek.昨天他确实寄给你一封信。根据课文内容填空或所给汉语提示完成句子。58.Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolong___________________________________________________________.59.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowers___________________________________________________________.That'schangedsinceIcamehere.60.ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800AND1150,EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.Thesenewsettlers___________________________________________________________.61.WhatisstandardEnglish？IsitspokeninBritain，theUS，Canada，Australia，IndiaandNewZealand？___________________________________________________________.62.Shecanbereallystubborn.Althoughshedidn'tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces，she______________________________________________________.63.Althoughitwasautumn，thesnowwasalreadybeginningtofallinTibet.Ourlegswere______________________________________________________.64.Tothenorthofthecity，mostofthe10000minerswererescuedfromthecoalminesthere.Workers______________________________________________________.65.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain，truckandplane.Slowly，______________________________________________________.-29-\n66.“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseen_______________________________________，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.”67.“Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful；whenthiswasnotallowed___________________________________________________.”【答案】58.thatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature59.couldneverhavekeptmespellbound60.enrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary61.Believeitornot，thereisnosuchthingsasstandardEnglish62.insistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly63.soheavyandcoldthattheyfeltlikeblocksofice64.builtsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestoryed65.thecitybegantobreatheagain66.thegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress67.onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence【解析】根据课文内容填空或所给汉语提示完成句子。【58题详解】根据前半句Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolong结合课文内容可知答案为thatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature【59题详解】根据前半句Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowers结合课文内容可知答案为couldneverhavekeptmespellbound【60题详解】根据前半句ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800AND1150,EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.Thesenewsettlers结合课文内容可知答案为enrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary【61题详解】根据问句WhatisstandardEnglish？IsitspokeninBritain，the-29-\nUS，Canada，Australia，IndiaandNewZealand可知答案为Believeitornot，thereisnosuchthingsasstandardEnglish【62题详解】根据所给内容Shecanbereallystubborn.Althoughshedidn'tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces，she再结合课文可知答案为insistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly【63题详解】根据前半句Althoughitwasautumn，thesnowwasalreadybeginningtofallinTibet.Ourlegswere再结合课文内容soheavyandcoldthattheyfeltlikeblocksofice【64题详解】根据所给内容Tothenorthofthecity，mostofthe10000minerswererescuedfromthecoalminesthere.Workers再结合课文可知答案为builtsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestoryed【65题详解】根据所给内容Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain，truckandplane.Slowly，再结合课文可知答案为thecitybegantobreatheagain【66题详解】根据所给内容“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseen_______________________________________，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.”再结合课文可知答案为thegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress【67题详解】根据所给内容“Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful；whenthiswasnotallowed___________________________________________________.”再结合课文可知答案为onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence根据句意从方框中选出合适的动词短语，并用其适当的形式完成句子。68.Thisisthefirsttimethathe_________therightanswerinclass.Weallfeel-29-\nhappywithhisprogress.69.Thebadweather_________thehardshipofshootingtheTVserieslastwinter.70.He_________20yearsinprison,whichnearlydrovehisfamilymad.71.Itisrequestedthatallthepersonalbelongings(个人物品)_________before8:30pm.72.Thenews,if_________,willleadtogreattrouble.73.WhenItoldmyparentsthatitwasIwho_________theirroomthenightbefore,theylaughedandgavemethekey.【答案】68.hascomeupwith69.addedto70.wassentencedto71.bepackedup72.givenout73.hadburstinto【解析】【分析】根据句意从方框中选出合适的动词短语，并用其适当的形式完成句子。【68题详解】句意：这是他第一次在课堂上提出正确的答案。我们都对他的进步感到高兴。考查固定句式：Thisisthefirsttimethat主语+现在完成时态+---。结合句意可知答案为hascomeupwith。【69题详解】句意：恶劣的天气加剧了去年冬天拍摄电视剧的困难。根据lastwinter，可知句子用一般过去时态，故答案为addedto。【70题详解】句意：他被判处20年监禁，这几乎使他的家人发疯。besentencedto被判处---，句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为wassentencedto。【71题详解】句意：要求所有的个人物品在晚上8:30之前打包。固定句式：Itisrequestedthat主语+（should）+动词原形+---，此处主语allthepersonalbelongings和packup之间是被动关系，故答案为bepackedup。-29-\n【72题详解】句意：这个消息如果被公布，将会带来很大的麻烦。此处是if加过去分词做条件状语，故答案为givenout。【73题详解】句意：当我告诉我的父母，前一天晚上是我冲进他们的房间时，他们笑了，把钥匙给了我。结合句意可知这是某一过去时间以前发生的事情，“过去的过去”。burstinto闯入，故答案为hadburstinto。【点睛】1.Itisthefirst(second---)timethat主语+现在完成时态+其他。意思是：第几次做某事了。如果把is改成was，则后面用过去完成时态。It’sthethirdtimethatIhavecometotheSummerPalace.这是我第三次来到颐和园。2.It’s(high)timethat主语+一般过去时态+其他。现在是该做某事的时间了。It’shightimethatwehadlunch.现在是我们该吃午饭的时间了。Ⅴ.短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）74.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错误的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Myunclelivedinthecountryside.HekeptadogcallingLeopard.Onedaymyunclegotoworkinthefields，takingalongmylittlebrotherandLeopard.MybrotherandLeopardcametoarivernearbyandenjoyedthem．Mybrotherwastryingtocatchabutterflywhilehefellintotheriver．Leopardbarkedandimmediatejumpedintoariver.Hearingabouthimbarking，myunclehurriedthereandsawLeopardswimmingtowardsthebankcarryingmybrother．Leoparddidallhecouldsavemylittlebrother,thatmovedallthepeoplepresent．EveryonepraisedLeopardforhisbraveryandkind．【答案】1.calling→called2.go→went-29-\n3.them→themselves4.while→when5.immediate→immediately6.intoariver→intotheriver7.删去about8.could后加to9.that→which10.kind→kindness【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者叔叔家的狗Leopard竭尽全力去救作者掉进河里的弟弟，他的行为感动了所有在场的人。每个人都称赞Leopard的勇敢和善良。【详解】1.考查过去分词。句意：他养了一只叫Leopard的狗。adog和call之间是被动关系，此处是过去分词做后置定语，故把calling→called。2.考查时态。此处Oneday指过去的一天，句子用一般过去时态，故把go→went。3.考查固定搭配。enjoyoneself玩得开心，故把them→themselves。4.考查固定句式。主语+was/weredoingsth.---when主语+一般过去时态，“正在做某事，这时候---”，故把while→when。5.考查副词。此处jump是动词，副词修饰动词，故把immediate→immediately。6.考查冠词。句意：Leopard吠叫，立即跳入河中。此处特指上文提到的“小河”，故把intoariver→intotheriver。7.考查及物动词。句意：听到他的叫声，---。此处hear（听见）是及物动词，故把后面的about去掉。8.考查动词不定式做目的状语。句意：Leopard尽其所能拯救我的小弟弟，他的举动感动了所有在场的人。此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故在could后加to。9.考查定语从句。句意：Leopard尽其所能拯救我的小弟弟，他的举动感动了所有在场的人。此处是前面整个句子做先行词，后面的非限制性定语从句用which引导，故把that→which。10.考查名词。句意：每个人都称赞Leopard的勇敢和善良。形容词性物主代词后面用名词形式，此处是并列的名词，故把kind→kindness。【点睛】与并列连词when相关的句式归纳-29-\n1．be(just)abouttodowhenShewasjustabouttosaysomethingmorewhenshenoticedthesullenlookonhisface．她刚要再说些什么，却突然看到了他阴沉的脸色。2．be(just)onthepointofdoingsthwhenTheywereonthepointofgivingupwhenthecaptainencouragedthemfiercelytosavetheship．就在他们快要放弃努力时，船长鼓励他们竭尽全力挽救轮船。3．begoingtodowhenHewasgoingtorunaway，whenthepolicemencame．他正打算逃跑，警察突然出现了。4．bedoingsthwhenThechildrenareplayingfootballontheplayground，whenitbegantorain．孩子们正在操场上踢足球，突然下起了大雨。5．bebusydoingwhenIwasbusydoingmyhomeworkwhenoneofmyclassmatescame．我正忙着做作业，这时我的一个同学来找我。6．had（just)donewhenIhadjustgonetobedafteraveryharddaywhenthephonerang．在劳累了一天之后，我刚要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。7．hadnotdonewhenIhadn’twalkedafewstepswhenIrealizedthatheaskedforthedirec-tiontomyofficebuilding．我还没走出去几步远，突然意识到他问的是去办公大楼的方向。8．be+介词短语+whenHewasonhiswaytoalecturewhenatouriststoppedhimandaskedhimfordirections．在他去听课的路上，一名游客拦住他问路。第三节书面表达（满分15分）75.假定你是某一英文报纸的记者，请根据下列表格，以ABigForestFire为题,写一篇简单报道，词数100左右。时间、地点10月2日，澳大利亚维多利亚州(Victoria)西南部森林，持续四个多星期起因某青年扔烟蒂(stub)-29-\n救援数千名消防队员(fireman)及当地群众后果19人死亡，约80人受伤，至少3000万美元损失影响全国震惊。伤者康复，惩处肇事者。呼吁行事谨慎，避免引起类似灾难。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AbigforestfirebrokeoutinthesouthwestforestsinVictoria,AustraliaonOctober2nd.Itcausedmanydeathsandinjuries.Havinglastedmorethan4weeks,thebigfirewasfinallyputoutbythousandsoffiremenwiththehelpofthelocalpeople.About80peoplegotinjuredand19losttheirlivesinthefire,whichalsocausedatleastadamageof30,000,000dollars.Afteracarefulinvestigation,thefire,shockingthewholecountry,provedtobecausedbyacarelessyoungmanwhothrewawaythestubafterhefinishedsmokingintheforest.【解析】【分析】本文书面表达属于应用文，要求写一一篇简单报道。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇是一一篇简单报道：假定你是某一英文报纸的记者，请根据下列表格，以ABigForestFire为题,写一篇简单报道，词数100左右。时间、地点：10月2日，澳大利亚维多利亚州(Victoria)西南部森林，持续四个多星期；起因：某青年扔烟蒂(stub)；救援：数千名消防队员(fireman)及当地群众；后果：19人死亡，约80人受伤，至少3000万美元损失；影响：全国震惊。伤者康复，惩处肇事者。呼吁行事谨慎，避免引起类似灾难。第2步：根据写作要求确定关键词，如：Victoria（维多利亚）；fireman（消防队员）；many-29-\ndeathsandinjuries（很多死亡人数和受伤人数）；Afteracarefulinvestigation（一个细心的调查之后）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态语态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。文中使用高级句子。Havinglastedmorethan4weeks,thebigfirewasfinallyputoutbythousandsoffiremenwiththehelpofthelocalpeople.现在分词完成式做原因状语；About80peoplegotinjuredand19losttheirlivesinthefire,whichalsocausedatleastadamageof30,000,000dollars.句中which引导非限制性定语从句；thefire,shockingthewholecountry,provedtobecausedbyacarelessyoungmanwhothrewawaythestubafterhefinishedsmokingintheforest.动词不定式一般式的被动式做宾语，同时who引导定语从句。-29-