TheFirstPeriod●从容说课Thisisthefirstperiodofthisunit.ItincludesWarming-up，Discussion，NewwordsandListening.Inthisperiod，studentsshouldgetthefirstimpressionofearthquakes，includingthephenomenabeforeanearthquake，thecauseofanearthquake，thewaystoreducethedamageandsoon.InWarming-up，studentsfirstdiscusswhatwouldhappenduringanearthquake.Thendiscusssomeothernaturaldisasters，suchashurricanes，tornadoesandtyphoons.Whataretheyandwhatwouldhappenifthesenaturaldisastersoccur？Afterthesetwosteps，thestudentswouldhaveageneralideaaboutnaturaldisasters.ThislaysafoundationfortheReadingpassage.Alsothesetwostepsprovidethestudentswithenoughchancetopracticespeaking.TheteachershouldstimulatethestudentstoexpressthemselvesusingEnglish.NexttheteacherwillexplainsomenewwordsandexpressionsthatwouldappearintheReadingpassage.Afterclassstudentsshouldusethesewordsandexpressionstomakesentences.Inthisway，theteachercancheckwhetherthestudentshavemasteredthesewordsandexpressionsornot.ThenintheListeningpart，studentswilllistentothecauseofanearthquakeandthewaystoreducethedamage.Theyshouldfirstmakeajudgmentwhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalse.Thentrytofillinaform.Afterfinishingthetasksinthetextbooks，theteachercanalsoaskthestudentstogoonlineafterclasstolookformoreinformationabouthowtoreducethedamageofanearthquake.Thisperiodlaysemphasisonspeakingandlistening.Theteachershouldtryhisorherbesttoencouragethestudentstosaysomething.Don’talwayscorrectthemistakesthatthestudentswouldmakewhilespeaking.Otherwise，thestudentswouldfeelreluctanttospeakouttheiropinions.●三维目标1.Knowledge：（1）Getageneralideaofearthquakesandsomeothernaturaldisasters.（2）Knowthecausesofanearthquake.2.Ability：（1）Trainthestudents’speakingabilitybydescribing，talkinganddiscussion.（2）Trainthestudents’listeningability.（3）Trainthestudents’abilitytousetheInternettosearchforsomeusefulinformation.（4）Trainthestudents’abilitytocooperatewithothers.3.Emotion：（1）Knowthedamagethatanearthquakeandothernaturaldisasterscouldbringabout.（2）Knowthewaystoreducethelossesofanearthquake.●教学重点Trainthestudents’speakingabilitybydescribing，talkinganddiscussion.●教学难点Trainthestudents’listeningability.●教具准备（1）ataperecorder6,（2）aprojector（3）theblackboard●教学过程Step1GreetingsTeacher（T）：Goodmorning/afternoon，class!Students（Ss）：Goodmorning/afternoon，teacher.Step2Warming-upT：First，Iwanttoaskyouaquestion.DoyouknowwhathappenedintheIndianOceanattheendoflastyear？Itshockedorwecansayfrightenedthewholeworld.S1：Letmetry.Aterribletsunamibrokeoutthereon26thDecember.Morethan200000peoplewerekilled.T：Yes.Itissaidthatitisthebiggestinthefourdecades.Atsunamiisanunderseaearthquake.Thenhaveyouheardofanylandearthquakes？Ss：Yes.T：Wouldyoupleaselistsome？S2：WecanoftenhearthatearthquakesoccurinJapan.S3：In1906，anearthquakestruckSanFrancisco，USA.About700peoplediedintheearthquakeandthefires.Andasmanyas250000peoplelosthomes.S4：Andin1989，anotherbigearthquakehitSanFrancisco.About100peoplewerekilled.ItwasAmerica’ssecondstrongestearthquake.T：Butdoyouknowanyfamousearthquakesthathappenedinourcountry？S5：Ofcourse.TheTangshanEarthquakethathappenedin1976.Myfatherexperiencedit，andheoftentellsmeaboutthedeadliestearthquake.T：Canyoutellmewhatmighthappeninanearthquake？YoumaylookatthetwopicturesonPage25.S6：Ifanearthquakehappens，thewholecitywouldcollapse.Thetallbuildingsmightbedestroyed.Theroads，therailwaytracksandsoonwouldbedestroyed.Bridgeswouldfalldown.Waterpipeswouldbebroken.Thenpeoplewouldfacewaterproblem.S7：Inthe1989earthquakeinSanFrancisco，awideandbusyroadwhichwasbuiltlikeabridgeoveranotherroadfellontotheonebelow.Manypeoplewerekilledintheircars，andonlyafewluckyoneswerenothurt.S8：Iftheearthquakecomesatnight，alargenumberofpeoplewouldbekilledortrappedinthehouses.S9：Sometimesduringtheearthquake，bigholeswouldappearintheearth.T：Yes.Youdidaverygoodjob.Yousee，therearelargequantitiesoftallbuildingsinSanFrancisco.Noonecanimaginewhatwouldhappenifanotherbigearthquakehitthecity.Step3DiscussionT：Youknow，anearthquakeisoneoftheterriblenaturaldisasters.Doyouknowanyothernaturaldisaster？Andwhatwillhappenduringthedisasters？Discusswithyourpartner.（Afewminuteslater.）T：NowI’llasksomeofyoutotellusthedisastersyouknow.S1：Floods，hurricanes，tornadoes.S2：Typhoons，drought.T：Verygood.Whatwouldhappeninthesedisasters？6,S3：Inaflood，waterwillbeeverywhere.Itwouldwashawaymanythings.Manypeoplewouldbedrowned.Peoplecouldgotostayontallbuildingsoreventheroofs.S4：Ifhurricane，typhoonortornadooccurs，therewouldbeverystrongwinds.Thingswouldbeblowndown.Therewouldbealotoftrafficaccidents.Andthesailorsontheseawouldbeingreatdanger.S5：Duringthedrought，waterisbadlyneeded.Thefarmerswouldhavenowatertoirrigatethecropsinthefields.T：NextIwillexplainthesedisastersandmeanwhileshowyousomepictures.Afloodisthemovementofwateroutofariver，lakeoroceanontoland.Itwasreportedthatin2004atleast100peopleweredeadand83weremissingafterrainstormscausedlandslides（山崩）andfloodsinSouthwestofChina.Ahurricaneisastrongstormwithhighwindsandrain.Theverycenterofthestorm，calledtheeye，iscalm.Atornadoisaviolentlyrotating（旋转的）columnofairthatformsatthebottomofacloudandtouchestheground.ATyphoonisanintensetropicalweathersystemwithawell-definedcirculationandmaximumsustained（持续不变的）windsof74milesperhour.Inotherpartsoftheworld，theyareknownashurricanes，tropicalcyclones（龙卷风）andseveretropicalcyclones.Droughtreferstoaperiodoftimewithoutrainthatcandamagecropssuchaswheatandcorn.Step4NewWordsT：Inthisunit，youwillreadapassageaboutanearthquake.Inthepassage，youwillmeetalotofnewwordsandexpressions.Nowwe’regoingtolearnthem.Firstreadthewordsandexpressionsfrom“shake”to“fresh”afterme.T：Readthesewordsandexpressionsbyyourself.Meanwhile，pleasepayattentiontotheirmeanings.T：NowIwillexplainthesewordsandexpressionsinEnglish.1.pipe：athinmetalpiecethatcarrieswater2.dam：aspecialwallthatkeepswaterbehindit3.shocked：worriedorfrightened4.injure：hurt5.well：adeepplacetostorewatertodrink6.canal：averylongwaterwayforboats7.ruin：thepartofabuildingleftaftertheresthasbeendamaged8.agreatnumberof：alotof9.atanend：finished；dead10.bury：putsomethingundertheearth11.rise：goup12.rescue：helptogetsomeoneoutofdanger13.steam：gasthathotwatergivesoutStep5ListeningT：Beforewelearnthepassageaboutanearthquake，let’sfirstknowwhythereareearthquakesintheworld.Solet’sdosomelisteningonPage62.Listentothetapeforthefirsttimeandtrytogetageneralideaofthepassage.S1：Thispassageisaboutthecauseofearthquakesandhowwecanreducelossesfromthem.T：Verygood.ListentothetapeforthesecondtimeandjudgewhetherthestatementsinPart1aretrueorfalse.6,T：Let’schecktheanswers.Listenagainandtrytocorrectthestatementsthatarefalse.T：ListenagainandtrytocompletethetableinPart2.（Playthetapeagainifnecessary.）（Afewminuteslater.）T：Let’schecktheanswers.Step6Homework1.Usethefollowingwordsandexpressionstomakesentences.shake，rise，crack，burst，atanend，rightaway，injure，ruin，survivor，useless，rescue，digout，organize，shelter，fresh，bury，shock，destroy2.PreviewthereadingpassageonPage26.●板书设计Unit4EarthquakesTheFirstPeriod一.Disasters：二.NewWordsandExpressions：tsunamipipeagreatnumberofearthquakedamatanendfloodshockedburyhurricaneinjurerisetornadowellrescuetyphooncanalsteamdroughtruin●活动与探究Poster-making：1.Dividethewholeclassinfivegroups.2.Askthemtolookformorewaysofreducinglossesfromearthquakes.ThestudentscangotothelibraryorusetheInternettosearchforinformation.Thefollowingwebsitesmightbehelpful.①http：//earthquake.usgs.gov②http：//www.eqnet.org/③http：//www.ceri.memphis.edu/3.Aftersearchingfortheinformation，eachgroupshouldmakeaposter，informingpeoplehowtoreducethelossesofanearthquake.●备课资料WhydoEarthquakesHappen？Scientistsexplainthattheoutsideoftheearthismadeofanumberofdifferentplates.Forexample，atSanFranciscothePacificplatewhichismovingtowardsthenorthwestmeetstheNorthAmericanplate.ThePacificplateismovingveryslowly—at5.3centimetersayear.Sometimesthesetwoplatesstopanddonotmoveforyears.Thensuddenly，theyjumpandanearthquakeisfelt.Asaresultofthemovementoftheseplates，westAmericaneartheseahasalwaysbeenabadplaceforearthquake.Whenthe1906earthquakehappened，thePacificplatejumped5-6meterstothenorth.Wecannotstopearthquakes，butwecandothingstomakesuretheydonotdestroywholecities.First，itisnotagoodideatobuildhousesalongthelineswheretwooftheearth’splatesjointogether.Second，ifyouthinktheremaybeanearthquake，itisbettertobuildhousesonrocknotonsand.Third，youmustmakethehousesasstrongaspossible.Weakbuildingswillfalldownin6,anearthquake，butstrongonesmaystayup.HowCanWeReducetheLossesofanEarthquake？BEFORETHEEARTHQUAKESTRIKESDevelopanearthquake-specificfamilyplan.Ifyouareatriskfromearthquakes：Pick“safeplaces”ineachroomofyourhome.Asafeplacecouldbeunderasturdytableordeskoragainstaninteriorwallawayfromwindows，bookcases，ortallfurniturethatcouldfallonyou.Alsopicksafeplacesinyouroffice，schoolandotherbuildingsyouarefrequentlyin.Practicedrop，cover，andhold-onineachsafeplacetwiceayear.Dropunderasturdydeskortableandholdontoonelegofthetableordesk.Protectyoureyesbykeepingyourheaddown.Waitinyoursafeplaceuntiltheshakingstops，thenchecktoseeifyouarehurt，thencheckthepeoplearoundyou.Beonthelookoutforfires.Fireisthemostcommonearthquake-relatedhazard.Ifyoumustleaveabuildingaftertheshakingstops，usethestairs，nottheelevator.Ifyou’reoutsideinanearthquake，stayoutside.Moveawayfrombuildings，trees，streetlights，andpowerlines.Everyoneinyourhomeshouldknowwhattodoifanearthquakeoccurs.Gettraining.Takeafirstaidclassandgettrainingonhowtouseafireextinguisher（灭火器）.Talkwithyourinsuranceagent.Studylocationsofactivefaults，andifyouareatrisk，considerpurchasingearthquakeinsurance.DURINGANEARTHQUAKEDrop，cover，andholdon!Moveonlyafewstepstoanearbysafeplace.Ifyouareinbed，holdonandstaythere，protectingyourheadwithapillow.Ifyouareoutdoors，findaclearspotawayfrombuildings，trees，streetlights，andpowerlines.Droptothegroundandstaythereuntiltheshakingstops.Ifyouareinavehicle，pullovertoaclearlocation，stopandstaytherewithyourseatbeltfasteneduntiltheshakinghasstopped.Oncetheshakinghasstopped，proceedwithcaution.Avoidbridgesorrampsthatmighthavebeendamagedbythequake.Stayawayfromwindows.Inahigh-risebuilding，checkforandextinguishsmallfires，and，ifexiting，usethestairs.Ifyouareinacoastalarea，movetohigherground.Tsunamisareoftencreatedbyearthquakes.Ifyouareinamountainousareaornearunstableslopesorcliffs，bealertforfallingrocksandotherdebristhatcouldbeloosenedbytheearthquake.Landslidescommonlyhappenafterearthquakes.AFTERTHEEARTHQUAKECheckyourselfforinjuriesbeforecaringforothers.Afteryouhavetakencareofyourself，helpinjuredortrappedpersons.Ifyouhaveitinyourarea，call9-1-1，thengivefirstaidwhenappropriate.Lookforandextinguishsmallfires.Putoutsmallfiresquickly，usingavailableresources.Openclosetandcabinetdoorscautiously.Inspectyourhomefordamage.Geteveryoneoutifyourhomeisunsafe.Aftershocksfollowingearthquakescancausefurtherdamagetounstablebuildings.Helpneighbourswhomayrequirespecialassistance.Elderlypeopleandpeoplewith6,disabilitiesmayrequireadditionalassistance.Listentoaportable，battery-operatedradio（ortelevision）forupdatedemergencyinformationandinstructions.Expectaftershocks.Aftershocksfrequentlyoccurminutes，days，weeks，andevenmonthsfollowinganearthquake.Watchoutforfallenpowerlinesorbrokengaslines，andstayoutofdamagedareas.Stayoutofdamagedbuildings.Ifyouareawayfromhome，returnonlywhenauthoritiessayitissafe.Usebattery-poweredlanternsorflashlightstoinspectyourhome.Takepicturesofthedamage，bothtothehouseanditscontents，forinsuranceclaims.Avoidsmokinginsidebuildings.Whenenteringbuildings，beextremelycareful.Checkforgasleaks.Checkforsewage（下水道）andwaterlinedamage.Ifyoususpectsewagelinesaredamaged，avoidusingthetoiletsandcallaplumber（水管工人）.Ifwaterpipesaredamaged，contactthewatercompanyandavoidusingwaterfromthetap.Usethetelephoneonlytoreportlife-threateningemergencies.Watchanimalsclosely.Thebehaviorofpetsmaychangedramaticallyafteranearthquake.6
