高中英语人教版必修4教案：Unit 4 Body languange Period 3 Extensive Reading

Period3　ExtensiveReadingTheGeneralIdeaofThisPeriodThisperiodaimsattrainingthestudents’readingskill.Thestudentshavetogetthegeneralideaofhowbodylanguageexpressesourfeelings.Havingreadthetwoarticles,thestudentsareexpectedtosumupthefunctionsandsimilaritiesofbodylanguage.What’smore,thestudentsareencouragedtoexpresstheirfeelingswithbodylanguage.TeachingImportantPointsDevelopthestudents’readingskilltogetalltheneededinformation.Trainthestudents’abilitiestoexpresstheiropinionsofwhybodylanguageisimportant.TeachingDifficultPointsHowtotellthatthesamebodylanguageshowsdifferentfeelingsindifferentcultures.TeachingMethodsReadingskilldirecting.Task-basedactivity.TeachingAidsAtape-recorder,aprojector,someslidesandamulti-mediacomputer.ThreeDimensionalTeachingAimsKnowledgeandSkillsTrainthestudents’abilitiestoknowmorebodylanguage.Enablethestudentstosumupthefunctionsofbodylanguage.Trainthestudents’abilitiestoexpresstheiropinionsonwhybodylanguageisimportant.ProcessandStrategiesGetthestudentstolearnaboutthefunctionsandsimilaritiesofbodylanguage.Necessaryexplanationtohelpthemgetthemainideaofthepassage.FeelingsandValueBodylanguageisanimportantnon-verbalcommunication.Learningaboutthemeaningsofsomebodylanguageindifferentculturesandapplyingitproperlyisofgreathelptoourdailycommunication.TeachingProceduresStep1ReviewandcheckthehomeworkT:Inthelastlessonwelearnedsomethingaboutthev.-ingastheattributeandadverbial.Ss:Yes.T:Canyoumakeasentencewiththisstructure?Ss:Yes.S:Thev.-ingastheattribute:Wewereallnervousabouttheapproachingexaminations.T:Good.S:Thev.-ingastheadverbial:Mymotherisahappywoman.Shealwaysgetsupsmiling.T:Welldone.Allofyouhavereviewedthelesson.Thenlet’sgoontocheckthehomework.UsingstructuresonPage64.Iwouldlikesomestudentstocomehereandwritedownyouranswers.6studentscometotheblackboardandwritedownthesentences.Theotherstudentschecktheirsentences.Suggestedanswers:1.Itseemedthatheavoidedgettingtooclosetoher.2.Readingislearning,butspeakingthelanguageisalsoakindoflearning.3.ThenewsthattheChineseteamwonthegoldmedalwasveryencouraging.4.ItisclearthatyourspokenEnglishwillgreatlyimproveifyoucanpractisespeakingwheneveryoucan.5.Isawthemwhisperingtoeachother,obviouslytheydonotwanttobeheardbyothers.6.Icountedthepeopleenteringthetheatre,andtherewere547ofthem.7,7.Themanwithsun-glassesstandingnexttothecarisadetective.8.Beingill,hedidnottakepartinthesportsmeeting.9.Drivinghiscararoundishismainhobby.10.Knowingshehasgotinjured,hehurriedtohospitaltoseeher.11.Hestayedinthewaitingroomforoveranhourwhilethegirlwashavinganoperation.12.IalmostfeelasleepwhenIsawthatboringfilm.Step2WarmingupTheteacherdescribessomesituationsandthestudentsarerequiredtoactthemout.T:Whatgesturesdoweusuallydointhefollowingsituations?1.I’mhungry.　　　　　　　2.I’mfull.3.Iwanttosleep.T:Youknowalotaboutgestures.Thencanyoufigureoutthemeaningsofthefollowinggesturesinthefollowingpictures?What’sthematter?　　　　　　　OK.Verygood!Step3Pre-readingBeforereadingthetext,assignsomequestionsforthestudentstodiscuss.Sotheymayreadthetextlaterwiththeirownquestionsinmind.T:Iwouldlikeyoutodiscussthefollowingquestionswithyourgroupmembers.After4minutes,onefromeachgroupwillpresentyourdiscussion.Questions:1.Whatisthefunctionofbodylanguage?2.Whatdoyouthinktheroleofbodylanguagesisinourdailylife?3.Isallthebodylanguagethesameintheworld?Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?7,After4minutes,asksomestudentstopresenttheirdiscussion.T:Now,whowouldliketoexpressyouridea?Volunteer!S:1.Ithinkthemajorfunctionofthebodylanguageistoshowallkindsofideas,feelings,wishesorattitudes.T:Great!Howaboutthesecondquestion?S:2.Bodylanguageisasimportantasspokenlanguageinourdailylife.T:Good.Ithinksometimes,it’sevenmoreimportantthanspokenlanguage.Whenyoudon’tunderstandaforeignlanguage,bodylanguagecanhelpyoutocommunicatewiththeforeigners.Howaboutthelastquestion?S:3.Idon’tthinkallthebodylanguagesarethesameintheworld.Thesamebodylanguagecanexpressdifferentfeelingsorideasindifferentcultures.Forexample,noddingtheheadmeans“yes”inmanycountriesbutinsomeAsiancountriesitmeans“no”.T:Welldone!Sowecouldsummarizethatcommunicationisveryimportantinourlife,sometimeslearningtogetalongwellwithothersismoreimportantthangettingsomemoreknowledge.Soweshouldlearnmorebodylanguage,tryourbesttogetalongwellwiththepeoplearoundus.Step4FirstreadingT:Let’sreadapassageabouthowtoshowourfeelingswithbodylanguage.Readthepassageanddecidewhichofthesestatementsaretrueandwhicharefalse.Tickthecorrectbox.Ifthestatementisfalse,explainwhyitiswrong.1.Bodylanguageisneverasimportantasspokenlanguage.2.Ifyouareangryataperson,youmightturnyourbacktohimorher.3.Youcanthreatenapersonbyrefusingtospeak.4.Ifyoustandwithyourarmsacrossyourbody,youarealwaysprotectingyourselffrombeingphysicallyattacked.5.Ifyousitlookingawayfromaperson,orwithyourbackturned,youaresayingyouarenotinterestedinthatperson.6.Youshouldnotgreetyournewbossbygivingherorhimahug.7.Bodylanguageisthesameallovertheworld.8.Mostpeoplecanunderstandeachotheriftheytry.Step5Secondreading(Groupwork)T:Youaregoingtoreadthepassageagainandtrytofindsomeofthebodylanguagewhichshowsimilarfeelingsorideasandsomewhichshowdifferentfeelingsorideasindifferentcultures.1.frowningorturningone’sbacktosomeonetoshowanger2.closingone’shandandshakingitatsomeonetothreatenthatperson3.noddingtheheadupanddowntoshowagreement4.shakingtheheadtoshowdisagreementorrefusal5.lookingawayfromapersonoryawningtoshownointeresttotheperson6.standing,holdingyourarmsacrossyourchesttoprotectyourselffromanunwantedconversation7.sitting,lookingatandturningtowardsthepersonyouaretalkingtotoshowyouareinterested8.rollingyoureyesandturnyourheadawaytoshowyoudonotbelievewhatyouhearoryoudonotlikeit1.children’slookingdirectlyatanadultinAsiaandSouthAmericanotgoodbehaviour7,2.children’snotlookingdirectlyattheteacherinNorthAmericatogetpunishmentfromtheirteachersbecausetheythinkthechildrenarenottellingthetruth.1.asmile1.Asmileusuallyintendstoputpeopleatease.2.Asmiledoesnotalwaysmeanthatoneishappy.3.Asmilecanhideotherfeelings,suchasanger,fearorworry.4.Ifsomeone“losesface”theymaysmiletohideit.2.ahugtoyourbossorteacherprobablynotagoodideatoshowrespect3.standingtooclosetoyourbossorteachernotacceptableStep6FurtherReadingT:Justnowwehavelearntthatbodylanguagehasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.Nowlet’slearnmoreandgetdetailsofdifferentbodylanguage.Beforereadingthetext,firsthavealookattheexercises.Theinformationwasfoundinthenotesleftbyananthropologist.Youneedtoarrangeitsothatitcanbeusedinareportoninternationalgreetings.Organizetheinformationsothatitcanbeusedtowriteasummary.Iwillgiveyou5minutestofinishthetask.After5minutes,theteacheraskssomestudentstogivetheirownanswers.S:1.Itcanbedangerousforyoutomeetpeopleyoudonotknow.S:2.ManyAsianpeopledonotusuallyphysicallytouchstrangers.S:3.Ifweshowanopenhand,itmeansthatwearenotholdinganythingdangerous.S:4.Therighthandisusuallyusedbecauseitisalmostalwaysthestronger.S:5.Peopleshaketheirhandswhenmeetingpeopletoshowthattheycanbetrusted.S:6.ToshowrespectMuslimpeoplewilltouchtheirheartandmouthwhengreetingsomeone.Step7Post-readingdiscussion　Afterreadingthetwopassages,thestudentshaveageneralknowledgeonbodylanguage.It’stimeforthemtogofurthertodiscusstheopenquestionsandtoexpresstheiropinions.Thestudentsareencouragedtodiscussingroupssothattheycancommunicatewiththeirmembersandhearothers’opinions.1.Howcanweknowother’sfeelings,eveniftheydonotspeaktous?2.Whyshouldwebecarefulofourownbodylanguage?3.Whyisitimportanttowatchothersaswellaslistentothem?Step8SummaryandHomework　T:Today,wehavelearntsomuchaboutbodylanguage.Homeworkfortodayistosummarizewhatyouhaveleantaboutbodylanguageandtranslatethefivesentencesonpage64.TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboardUnit4　BodylanguagePeriod3　Extensivereading1.Reviewandcheckthehomework2.Warmingup—actitout3.Pre-reading4.Firstreading-trueorfalse5.Secondreading(Groupwork)—finishtheform6.FurtherReading7.DiscussionRecordafterTeaching7,ActivitiesandResearchTodeepentheirunderstandingofthepassage,thestudentsareencouragedtoprepareashortmime.Somegoodonesmayacttheirmimesout.Notonlyisitagoodwaytoinvolvethestudentsinclass,butalsoitcanmakethemhaveabetterunderstandingofbodylanguageandlearntouseitproperlyinourdailylife.ReferenceforteachingBackgroundInformationBodyLanguage(Ⅰ)Whenyoudon’tspeak,youmaystillbecommunicating.Itistruethatyoumaynotwishtosayanything.Butyourverysilencemayshowyourwishtobeleftaloneortostayuninvolved,whichisthemessageyouwanttosend.Soithasbeenjustlysaidthatwhile“wespeakwithourvocalorgansweconversewithourwholebodies”.Allofuscommunicatewithoneanothernonverbally,aswiththeuseofgesturessuchasthethumbs-upsigntoindicatethatweapprove.Butmostofthetimewe’renotawarethatwe’redongit.Wegesturewitheyebrowsorahand,meetsomeoneelse’seyesandlookaway,shiftpositionsinachair...Theseactionsweassumearerandomandincidental.Butresearchershavediscoveredthatthereisasystemtothemalmostasconsistentandcomprehensibleaslanguage,andtheyconcludethatthereisawholerangeofbodylanguage,includingthewaywemove,thegesturesweemploy,theposturesweadopt,thefacialexpressionswewear,thedirectionofourgaze,theextenttowhichwetouchanddistancewestandfromeachother.Thebodylanguageservesavarietyofpurposes.Firstlyitcanreplaceverbalcommunication,aswiththeuseofgestures.Secondlyitcanmodifyverbalcommunication.Loudnessandtoneofvoiceisanexamplehere.Thirdlyitregulatessocialinteraction:turntakingislargelygovernedbynon-verbalsignals.Fourthlyitconveysouremotions.Finallyitconveysourattitudetowardsourselvesandtowardsthepeoplewearecommunicatingwith.Thisisparticularlyimportantforsuccessfulcross-culturalcommunication.Everyculturehasitsownbodylanguage,andchildrenabsorbitsnuancesalongwithspokenlanguage.AFrenchmantalksandmovesinFrench.ThewayanEnglishmancrosseshisnothingliketheway.AmaleAmericandoesit.Whenwecommunicatewithpeoplefromothercultures,thebodylanguagesometimeshelpmakethecommunicationeasyandeffective,suchasshakinghandsissuchauniversalgesturethatpeopleallovertheworldknowthatitisasignalforgreeting.Butsometimesthebodylanguagecancausecertainmisunderstandingsincepeopleofdifferentculturesoftenhavedifferentformsofbehaviorforsendingthesamebodysignals.Noddingone’sheadisgenerallymeanttoshowagreement“yes”,buttoNepalese,SriLankans,someIndiansandsomeEskimos,itmeansnot“yes”,but“no”.WhenanAmericanrubshisnose,itmaymeanhisdisagreeingwithsomeoneorrejectingsomething.Butthereisaconversationbetweenstudentandprofessorinwhichthestudentholdstheolderman’seyesalittlelongerthanusualcanbeasignofrespectandaffection;canbeasubtlechallengetotheprofessor’sauthority;orcanbesomethingelseentirely.Numerousstudieshaveindicatedthatdifferentculturalgroupscanrecognizedirectexpressionsofemotionwithequallevelsofagreement.Facialexpressionsofsuchbasicemotionsashappiness,anger,disgust,sadness,fearandsurprisearerecognizableallovertheworld.AmongtheJapanese,however,theopenandfullexpressionofanumberoftheseemotionsislikelytobeheldincheck.AsaresultAmericansdealingwiththeJapanesemayfindthemselvesperplexedbywhattheyperceiveasalackofemotionexpression.TothosecomingfromsocietieswhicharelessrestrainedinsuchmatterstheJapanesemayatfirstfightappearsomewhatinscrutable.Itisonlywithtimethatsuchoutsiderscanbegintorecognizethatdegreeofemotionalrestraintbeingexercised.Withinsocietiestherearealsodifferencesbetweengroupsintermsofdifferencesintheextentwhichemotionsareexpressed.InBritain,forexample,thetraditionalmaleroleisonethatinvolvesthesuppressionofthe7,expressionofmostemotions.Women,ontheotherhand,areexpectedtoexpresstheiremotionsmorefreely.Notonlydowomengiveoffmorenonverbalemotionalsignals,butthereisalsomuchevidencethattheyarebetteratinterpretingsuchmessages.Soinordertoachieveamoresuccessfulcross-culturalcommunication,weneednotonlyknow“whattosay”butalso“howtosayitappropriately”.Inotherwords,ifwewanttocommunicatewithpeopleofotherculturesmoresuccessfully,weneednotonlybeabletousetheverballanguageappropriately,butalsobeabletousethenonverbalbehaviorsthatgowiththatparticularlanguage.Observationshowsthatatrulybilingualpersonswitcheshisbodylanguagesatthesametimeheswitcheslanguages.Inthe24yearssinceChinaopeneduptotheoutsideworld,theChinesehaveseenthatinternationalizationworks.ThismeansarootandbranchreformofChineseeconomy.EnteringtheWTO,Chinawillenrichitselfandtheworld.Thenbodylanguageisthemostpowerful,efficientandcommonmeansforcommunicationanditwillalsobemoreandmoreimportantinthefuturesociety.BodyLanguage(Ⅱ)Althoughwemaynotrealizeitwhenwetalkwithotherswemakeourselvesunderstoodnotonlybywords.Wesendmessagestothepeoplearoundusalsobyexpressionsandbodymovements.Wecallit“bodylanguage”,whichisakindofcommunication,nonverbalcommunication.Asmileandhandshakeshowwelcome.Wavingone’shandistosay“goodbye”,noddingtheheadmeansagreement,whileshakingitmeansdisagreement.Puttingupahandmeans“MayIaskaquestion?”.Kissingmeans“love”.Wavingone’sarmsshowhappiness.ThesegesturesareacceptedbothbyChineseandAmericansashavingthesamemeanings.Becausecultureinfluencescommunication.Differentcountryhasdifferentculture.Sothewaypeopleindifferentcountriescommunicateisdifferenttoo.FOREXAMPLE,Arabmanoftengreetbykissingonbothcheeks.InJapanmengreetbybowing.IntheUnitedStates,peopleshakehandstoshow“theirgreeting”.Andthegestureofputtingahandonaperson’sneckisdifferentforChineseandAmericans.ForChinese,itistosay“someonewillbekilled”.ForAmericans,itshows“I’mfull”.AndinThailand,ifyouwanttosignalapersontocomenear,youshouldmovethefingersbackandforthwithpalmdown.ButintheUnitedStates,youasksomeonetocomebyholdingthepalmupandmovingthefingerstowardsourbody.Andcrossingone’slegsintheUnitedStatesisasignofbeingrelaxed.ButinKorea,it’snotallowed.InChinese,peoplehandeverythingwithbothhandstoshowtheirrespect,butforMuslims,theythinkthelefthandisuncleananddonoteatorpasssomethingwithit.Becauseofspecialcultureinfluencessomecountries,somebodylanguagesshouldattractourattention.InTurkey,puttingone’shandinone’spocketsisasignofdisrespect.InsomeAsiancountries,youmustnottouchtheheadofanotherperson.AndinChina,peopledon’tkissorhugeachother,excepthisorherlover.ForanArab,itisagoodmannertostandclosetohisfriendwhentheyaretalking,butforEnglishpeople,theydon’tliketobeclosetooneanother.AndinpartsofAsia,youmustnotsitwithyourfootpointingatanotherperson.Allaboveshowthatitisimportanttoknowthemeaningofgesturesandmovementsinforeigncountry,foreignersshouldfollowthesecustoms,shouldlearntheirculture.Sowecancommunicatewiththeminacorrectway,notonlybywords,butalsobybodylanguage.Ithinkthatitisimportantinourlivestoshowandlearnbodylanguage.BodyLanguage(Ⅲ)Theverybestinstrumentthereisforfindingoutwhatisgoingonwithapersonisherbody.Thestateofthebodywillbeareflectionofheroverallstate.Thatinformationisveryuseful,bothtothepersonherselfandtoaprocessfacilitator.Thebestthingisifthepersonherselfisintunewithherbodyandshefeelswhatisgoingonwithit.Butevenifshedoesn’t,thefacilitatorwillbeabletopickupmuchinformation.Aperson’sexternalbodylanguagespeaksvolumes.Byobservingsomebody’sposture,eyemovements,breathingandskincolor,youcangaininformationaboutwhatsheisdoinginhermind.Youcanget7,thesameinformationbylisteningtothequalitiesofhertoneofvoice.Andthisiswithoutbeingpsychic,justbylookingandlistening.IfyouaddabitofESPtoit,itjustgetsmucheasier.Bodylanguageisabigsubjectandtomasterthereadingofittoperfectionrequiresagooddealoftrainingandexperience.Herewewilljustpresentsomeofthemostpracticalthingsyoucannotice.Intheabsenceofknowingwhatdifferentbodymovementsmean,youcansimplynoticewhenthereisachangeintheclient’sbody.Forexample,ifsheissittingperfectlystillandsuddenlystartstwitchingormovinghereyes—thatisachange.Orifshechangesherrateofbreathing—thatisachange.Let’ssayyouhaveaskedtheclienttoclosehereyesandmovebacktoapastincident.Atfirstsheisjustsittingstill,hereyesnotmoving.Butsuddenlyyoucanseehereyesmovingbehindhereyelidsandherheadisjerkingalittlebit,andmaybeherbreathinggetsfaster.Well,thatmostlikelymeansthatshefoundanincident.Interestingly,shemightnotherselfhavenoticedthat.Subconsciouslyshehastheincidentrightthere,butconsciouslyshemightnothaveacknowledgedit.So,ifshedoesn’tstartspeakingbyherselfyoucansay“What’sthat?”,or“Whatdoyousee?”Ifwearedealingwithanincident,thebodywilloftenshowwhatisinit,orhowsherelatestoit.Ifhereyeballsaremoving,itmeansthatthereissomethingtolookat.Ifshesuddenlybreathespainingly,itmeanssomethingexcitingorstressfulisgoingon.Iftheclientisleaningforward,sheisprobablyintotheincident,involveddirectlyintheaction.Ifsheisleaningback,sheisprobablyseeingitfromadistance.Youcannotbesure,justfromaspecificbodymotion,whatisgoingon.Butitgivesyouaverygoodidea.Particularlywhenyounoticethechangesinresponsetoyourdirections.Ifyouask“Isthereanotherviewpointintheincident?”andshesuddenlyleansback,thatprobablymeansthatitisanexternalviewpoint,seeingthingsfromadistance.Thereareawholesetofsignalsthattellyouwhatkindofperceptionsthepersonisaccessing.Tomakethingssimple,wecandividebodyperceptionsintovisual,auditory,andkinesthetic,i.e.pictures,sounds,andfeelings.Thatisnotonlywhatthepersonmostlytakesinthepresent,itisalsomostlywhatshehasstoredinhermind.Mostofwhatyoufindinthemindismadeoutofsomesortofcombinationofpictures,sounds,andfeelings.Whenthepersonaccessesaniteminhermindherbodywilltendtoreflectwhatkindofinformationitis,ifitpredominantlyhaspictures,sounds,orfeelings.Feelinghasalowfrequency,itisslowanddeep.Auditoryhasahigherfrequency,itisfaster,moremobile.Visualishighfrequency,fastandchangeable.Thesequalitiesshowinvariouswaysinthebody.Apersonwillbreatheshallowlyandhighinthechestwhenaccessingvisualinformation.Shewillbreathedeeplyandslowlywhenaccessingkinestheticinformation.Andsomewhereinbetweenwhenaccessingauditoryinformation.Whenaccessingvisualinformation,thepersonwilltendtolookup,straightenupherbody,andmakegesturesintospace.Whenaccessingauditory,shewilltendtolooktotheside,maybeslantherheadandcrossherarms.Whenaccessingkinesthetic,shewilltendtolookdownandslumpover.Thepersonwillspeakfasterandmorehigh-pitchwhenaccessingvisualinformationthanwhenaccessingauditoryinformation.Whenaccessingkinestheticshewillspeakwithalower,slowertoneofvoice.Youcanbemoreorlessofaspecialistininterpretingallthesebodyreactions.Youdon’treallyneedtoknowthemallthatwelltodobasicprocessing.Aslongasyounoticethattherearechangesandreactions,andyounoticewhentheclientislookinghappyandcontent,andwhensheisn’t,thenyoucandojustfineinyoursessions.Butifyouknowbodylanguagereallywellyoucandomagicwithit.Peoplewillswearthatyouarereadingtheirminds,whenreallyyouarejustlookingatthem.7