Unit4BodyLanguageGrammar,本课件主要介绍动词-ing形式作定语和状语，做练习启发学生思考，通过示例引导学生总结出动词-ing形式在什么情况下作状语或定语。举例说明如果动词-ing形式出现在名词前后，并修饰该名词，一般作定语，该定语可变为介词短语或定语从句。举例说明如果动词-ing形式用于修饰某动词或整个句子时作状语，可变换为状语从句。作状语时对谓语起修饰和陪衬作用，表示时间，原因，条件，让步，结果，方式或伴随情况。最后让学生做练习，题型涉及造句，填空，改错和单选，让学生当堂完成，及时巩固。,Grammar一:V-ing形式由“do＋ing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。V-ing形式,语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone,V-ing形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。1.作定语V-ing形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语,这时有两种情况。-ing形式表示“供作......之用”的意思,这类作定语的-ing形式过去叫动名词。Aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming,Asleepingcar=acarforsleeping2)-ing形式表示“......的”意思,过去叫现在分词Asleepingchildworkingpeopletherisingsun,-ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句。如:Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.Theboystandingthereisaclassmateofmine.,2.作状语可以表示时间,原因,结果,条件,行为方式或伴随动作等。Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.条件,1)Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.=Fourpeopleentertheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.(伴随动作)2)Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.(原因),3)Workinghard,you’llsurelysucceed.条件4)Theboysatinfrontofthefarm-house,cuttingthebranch.伴随5)Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.方式,6)(When)Hearingthenews,hegotfrightened.=Whenheheardthenews,hegotfrightened.(时间,可以在分词前保留when)7)Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.结果,AttentionPlease-ing形式作状语时,它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。Timepermitting,Iwillpayavisittothewholecity.(分词的逻辑主语是time,而句子的主语是I,两者不构成主谓关系,所以只能用独立主格结构,也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。),theBritishladytheColumbiantheJapanesetheCanadianYouseeherstepbackappearingsurprised.HisnosetouchesMr.Cook’smovinghand.,Youseeherstepbackappearingsurprised.=Youseeherstepbackandsheappearssurprised.,Theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsusingunspokenlanguage.=Theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsbythewayofusingunspokenlanguage.HisnosetouchedMr.Cook’smovinghand.=HisnosetouchedMr.Cook’shandwhichismoving.,=Theyarevisitorswhocomefromseveralcountries.Theyarevisitorscomingfromseveralcountries.=Thisisanexperiencewhichisexciting.Thisisanexcitingexperience.,1.WhenheapproachedMsSmith,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher._________________MsSmith,hetouchedhershoulderandkissedher.Rewritethefollowingsentences.Whenapproaching2.Thepersonwhoistranslatingthesongscanspeaksevenlanguages.Theperson__________________canspeaksevenlanguages.translatingthesongs,3.Theboystandingthereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.Theboy______________thereisreadingabookaboutbodylanguage.whoisstanding4.BecausehecomesfromJordan,hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion.____________Jordan,hemovesclosetoaskyouaquestion.Comingfrom,5.Shesatatthedeskanddidherhomework.Shesatatthedesk____________________.doingherhomework,Usingstructureshold…inarms,cry,appearsadThewomanholdshersoninarms,cryingandappearingverysad.Thewomancriesloudly,holdinghersoninarms.,box,hitontheface,move,stepsThetwoboxingmentrytohittheotherontheface,movingtheirstepscarefully.,ski,laugh,excitingMickeyandMimiareskiingdownthehill,laughingalltheway.Whatanexcitingsceneitis!,dance,sing,raisearmsup,amazingmusicMickeyandMimiaredancingtoamazingmusic,singingandraisingtheirarms.,KoalaBear,carry,climb,searchforfoodCarryingherlittlebabyontheback,themotherKoalaBearclimbsupthetrees,searchingforfood.,1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错,5.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmaking,1.Thestrangersaidsomethingina_______voiceandthelittlegirlwasverymuch________A.frightening,frightenedB.frightened,frighteningC.frightening,frighteningD.frightened,frightenedChoosethebestanswer.,2.________thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.Examining,3.Mothercaughttheboy______inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD.smoking,4.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks..A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted,5.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,____outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked6.Though_____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin,7.Thebell_______theendoftheperiodrang,______ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted,8._______suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered,9.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting,10.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_____thegirlandtookheraway,____intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing,11.______inthequeueofhalfanhour.Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited12.Thepicture_____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.HavinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung,13.Generallyspeaking,______accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken
