人教课标高二必修5 Unit1,LanguagepointsUnit1Greatscientists,1.WhatdoyouknowaboutDr.JohnSnow’sbeingwell-knowninLondon?HeattendedQueenVictoriatoeasethebirthofherbabies.Questions,3.Didpeopleknowhowtocurethedisease?2.FromwhatdiseasedidLondonerssufferinhisage?Theyexposedthemselvestocholera.No,theydidn’t.,Peopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.4.Whatwasthesecondtheoryexplaininghowthediseasekilledpeople?5.HowseriouswasthediseaseoutbreakinLondon?Thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplehaddiedin10days.,ManyofthedeathswerenearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet.6.WhereweremanyofthedeathsinBroadStreet?7.Whydidsomehouseshavenodeaths?Thesefamiliesworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.TheyweregivenfreebeerandsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromtheBroadstreetpump.,Itseemedthewaterwastoblame..8.WhatdidDr.Snowthinkwasresponsibleforthedisease?Hetoldthepeopletoremovethehandlefromthewaterpumpsoitcouldnotbeused.9.WhatdidDr.SnowadvisedthepeopleinBroadStreetdo?,10.WhatelsedidDr.SnowfindinanotherpartofLondonthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak?Inaddition,hefound2otherdeaths.11.WhatconclusiondidDr.Snowtellthepublic?Heannouncedthatpollutedwatercarriedthedisease.,12.WhatdidDr.Snowtellthewatercompanies?Theywereinstructednottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore.练习题,attend【匹配】阅读下列句子，并在其后的括号中填出attend的含义。出席，参加b.照顾，护理c.经常去，定期去Maryinvitedabout30peopletoherparty,butonly12attendedit.()2.AllthesixmembersofmyfamilyattendchurcheverySunday.()ac,3.Thenurseattendedthepatientswithgreatcare.()4.Ifyougoout,whowillattendtothebaby?()【点拨】attend常作及物动词（句1至句3），也可作不及物动词，构成attendtosb./sth.结构，意为“处理；对付；照料；关怀”（句4）。bb,【拓展】attend,join,takepartin都可意为“参加”，区别如下：attend后主要接meeting,conference,school,ceremony等作宾语；join后的宾语主要是表示团体、组织(如军队、党派)、一群人、游戏等的名词，如party,army,club等；takepartin后的宾语主要是某项活动，如discussion,movement,revolution,debate等。,【小试】将下列句子翻译成汉语。Manychildreninthepoorvillagecan’tattendschoolalthoughtheyhavereachedtheschoolage.2.Danielissicknowandheneedssomeonetoattendtohim.丹尼尔现在生病了，需要有人照顾他。那个穷村子的许多孩子虽然到了上学的年龄但却上不了学。,e.g.1.Thewolfopeneditsmouthto______arowofsharpteeth.2.Don’t______yourskintothesun;yourskinwillbehurt.exposeexposeexpose,e.g.Thepolicebegantolookintothecase,buttheeyewitnesswasafraidto_______themurderer.Meaning?“tomakeknown;totellthetruth”expose揭发,*Whenyouhaveapaininyourshoulders,youwillgotoseeadoctor.Thedoctorwill_____you.Hewill____thepaininyourshoulders.Aspirinissaidtobeawonderful_____forthepain.curecurecurecurev.治愈n.疗法,*Althoughtheboywasbeyond_____,hisparentstriedto____himofbadhabits.*Thepricesaregoingupeveryday,butthereisno_____forrisingprices.curecurecure不可救药n.对策,e.g.Cleverchildrenabsorbknowledgeeasily.聪明孩子容易吸收知识。Aspirinisquicklyabsorbedby/intothebody.阿司匹林很快被身体吸收了。Thestrongstatesoftenabsorbedthesmallstatesinthepast.过去大国兼并小国。absorb吸收;吸引;使专心;合并;吞并,Heisabsorbedinhisbusiness.他专心致志的处理业务。beabsorbedin=concentrateon表示“专心于某事”e.g.HeisabsorbedintheresearchofChinesehistoryrecently.absorbone’sattentione.g.Chinesehistoryabsorbshisattentionrecently.,beabsorbedby被……吞并；为……所吸收absorb…into吞并；吸……到……absorbone’stime占用某人的时间,SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome严重急性呼吸道症候群DoyouknowthefullnameofSARS?severe,severe用作形容词，当它的意思为“严重的；严肃的”时，和serious相近；当它的意思为“严厉的；严格的”时，与strict相近，常用结构besevereon(upon)/withsb.表示“对某人严厉或严格”；此外它还有“剧烈的；尖锐的；朴素的”的意思。,e.g.Thedroughtisbecomingincreasinglysevere.旱灾日趋严重。Heisseverewithhischildren.和对子女很严格。Youaretoosevereon(upon)theboy.你对那个男孩太严厉了。Ifeltaseverepaininthechest.我感到胸口剧烈疼痛。,表示“伤势严重”要用severe,不用serious;但指“疾病严重”时,两者都可与illness连接。e.g.Shereceivedsevereheadinjuriesintheaccident.在事故中她的头部受了重伤。Iwaslaidupforsixweekswithasevere/seriousillness.由于重病，我卧床六个星期。此句不可用serious。,泵(油泵;气泵),抽水机,打气筒pump,Ifhaveaflattyre,youwillpumpairintothetyre.(Youwillpumpupyourtyre.)Whenmycarwasshortofgas,Iwenttothegasstation,wheretheguypumpedgas.pumpv.打气v.打气,Wehadadebateyesterday.Thelivelydebatereallypumpedusup.Hisheartwaspumpingfast.Duringthedroughtlastyear,thevillagershadpumpedthewelldry,butgotnomorewater.v.给……打气v.心跳v.用唧筒抽(水等);用唧筒抽吸......中的水等,酒馆bar旅馆;小店pub,publichouse,blame【观察】仔细观察下列句子并体会blame在句中的词性、含义及用法。ManychildrenareafraidofbeingblamedformakingmistakesinspeakingEnglish.2.It’snouseblamingourdefeatontheplayer.,3.It’syouwhoaretoblamefortheaccident.4.Youmusttaketheblameforthemistakesinthereport.5.Thebossalwaysputstheblameforthefailureonus.【点拨】blame作动词，意为“责备；谴责”，可构成：blamesb./sth.forsth.,因某事而指责某人/某事（句1）；___________________把某事归咎于某人/某事（句2）；_________________对某事负有责任（主动表被动）（句3）；blame作名词，意为“过失；责备”，可构成：taketheblame承担责任（句4）；puttheblameforsth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人。blamesth.onsb./sth.betoblameforsth.,【小试】将下列句子翻译成英语。1.那次事故怪不着孩子们。2.警察把那起交通事故归咎于Jack的粗心驾驶。ThepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonJack’scarelessdriving.Thechildrenwerenottoblamefortheaccident.,handle,A.操作;运用B.经销;买卖C.管理D.对待E.应付F.控制;管handlev.ChoosetheChineseexplanationsinthebox.,1.MsHawkins,thechiefaccountantofthecompanyhandlesthecompany’saccounts.C.管理2.ThechildrenaresonaughtythatIcan’thandlethem.3.Shehandledadifficultargumentskillfully.F.控制;管E.应付,4.Handlechildrenkindly,ifyouwantthemtotrustyou.5.Thisshophandlespaperandstationery.6.Helearnthowtohandletheaxe.D.对待B.经销；买卖A.操作；运用,inadditionalsoaswellasbesidesusedwhenaddinganotherfacttowhathasalreadybeenmentionede.g.Inadditiontoapplesyouaskedfor,Iboughtyousomeoranges.inaddition,2.Thetwotownsarelinkedbyarailway.v.连接1.Alotoflinksfittedtogetherformachain.n.(链状物的)环,节3.Thenewbridgewilllinktheislandtothemainland.link,4.研究人员发现了吸烟和心脏病之间的关系。Researchershavedetectedalinkbetweensmokingandheartdisease.,1.Thecaptainannouncedthattheplanewasgoingtoland.2.Thegovernmentannouncedthattheywouldbuildanewhighwaytothemountain.3.Thearmyannouncedacease-fire.announce,4.IthasbeenannouncedthatMr.AandMissBwillbemarriednextweek.Meaning?*tomakeknownpublicly;togiveinformationusingaloudspeaker,esp.atanairportorrailwaystation,5.Theannouncerannouncesthreeprogramsaweek.*tointroduceaprogramonTVorradio,*trainapproachannouncement*Hewaitedfortheannouncementoftheresultofthecompetition.*makeanannouncementannouncement,instructinstruct意思为“命令；指示；嘱咐；吩咐；教导（教授知识或技术）；训练”。其名词形式为instructor（教员；教练）和instruction（命令；指示；说明）。e.g.Theteacherinstructedhimtostartearly.老师命令他早动身。,I’vebeeninstructedtowaithereuntilthelecturerarrives.我得到指示在这儿等到讲课老师到来。Heinstructsaclassinhistory.他教授一个班的历史。Readtheinstructionsonthepocket.看一下袋子上的说明。instruct…in…,instruct指向一个人或一组人传授知识,但并不清楚他们是否学到什么。teach是最普通的词,可指或不指学术方面的学习;作不及物动词时,表示教书生涯。tutor指一学生与一老师的关系,常指课外的一个教师对一个学生的补习工作。辨析,educate指范围更广泛的学术过程,完成比teach更大的结果。train指使一个人或一组人在某一专门的技能或职业方面达到必要的水平,也可指训练动物。coach指在普通的教育体系之外训练或培养一个人或一组人,常为了通过某项专门的考试。,e.g.Itaughthistoryformanyyears.我教历史好多年了。Whotaughtyoutorideabicycle?谁教你骑自行车的？HeinstructedusinEnglish,butsomeofthemmadelittleprogress.他教我们英语，但我们有些人几乎没有进步。是指学术的不是指学术的,Inhissparetime,hetutoredmeinEnglish.在课余时间，他教我英语。Thewriterwaseducatedataverygoodschool.这位作家在一所很好的学校里受过教育。Ittakesseveralyearstotrainadoctor.培养一名医生要花好几年时间。HecoachedherfortheEnglishexamination.他辅导她英语考试。,根据提示将下列句子翻译成英语。1.如果有人该承担责任,那就是我。(blame)2.不要把皮肤直接暴露在阳光下。(expose...to)Ifanyone’stoblame,it’sme.Don’texposeyourskintosunlightdirectly.,3.黑色墙壁在白天吸收大量的热。(absorb)4.此外,你还可以利用业余时间学一门外语。(inaddition)Blackwallsabsorbalotofheatduringtheday.Inaddition,youcanlearnaforeignlanguageinyoursparetime.,5.这条丝绸之路在古代把中国和西方连接起来。(link...to)6.这种疾病就是通过咳嗽传播的。(spread...through)TheSilkRoadlinkedChinatothewestinancienttimes.Thediseaseisspreadthroughcoughing.,7.他看到他父亲时很吃惊。(过去分词作表语)8.我每天早上吃一个煎鸡蛋。(过去分词作定语)Hewasastonishedtoseehisfather.Ihaveafriedeggeverymorning.,9.我们决定马上离开。(determineto)10.我无意暗示你错了。(suggest)Idon’twishtosuggestthatyou’rewrong.Wedeterminedtoleaveatonce.,
