Unit3Underthesea海下景观UsingLanguagezxxkw学科网学.科.网,Ⅰ.重点单词1.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词及其拓展形式。(1)neat(adj.)好的；整齐的；匀称的→______(adv.)整齐地(2)narrow(adj.)狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的→________(adv.)狭窄地，勉强地neatlynarrowly,(3)_____(adj.)锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→sharply(adv.)锋利地；严厉地；苛刻地(4)_____(adj.)好吃的；可口的→taste(v.)尝；尝出……的味道(5)_______(n.)养老金；退休金→pensioner(n.)领取养老金者sharptastypension学科网,2.把下列单词与其英文释义搭配起来。(6)targeta.toconsider,thinkon;(ofasurface)throwbacklight,heatandsound(7)reflectb.oflittledepth,notdeep(8)awarec.sth.tobeaimedatinshootingpractice(9)shallowd.alinethatmarksalimit;dividingline(10)boundarye.havingknowledgeorrealization答案:(6)c(7)a(8)e(9)b(10)d,Ⅱ.重点短语(英汉互译)1._____________处于……的危险中2.__________________被困于……3.________醒来4._______________对……知道、明白；意识到……5.upsidedown_________6.getcloseto_____7.stopsb.fromdoingsth._______________8.(be)scaredtodeath_______beindangerofbetrapped/caughtinwakeupbecomeawareof上下翻转靠近阻止某人做某事吓死了,1.targetn.目标；靶；受批评的对象①First,notonlytargetfisharecaughtinthenet,butmanyotherseaanimalsarefoundhangingthere.首先，不仅仅要捕的鱼被困在网内，许多别的海洋动物也被发现挂在网上。②Mysuggestionbecamethetargetofcriticism.我的建议成了批评的对象。zxxkw,【拓展】(1)aimatthetarget瞄准目标hit/missthetarget中／脱靶(2)targetvt.把……当做批评对象；以……为攻击目标；把……对准targetsth.on／at把……对准,③Hemissedthetargetsomehow.不知怎么地他脱靶了。④ThemissilesweremainlytargetedatIran.导弹主要瞄准的是伊朗。,【即学即练】完成句子①我打了四发子弹，但没有射中靶心。IhadfourshotsbutIdidn’teven____________.②这种报纸专门面向年轻人。Thepaper______________________youngpeople.hitthetargetistargetedspecificallyat,2.reflectvi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考①Herfacewasreflectedinthemirror.她的脸映现在镜子中。②Thewaterreflectedthesunlight.日光反射在水面上。,【拓展】(1)reflectsb./sth.insth.(指镜子等)映出某人／物的影像reflectsth.fromsth.从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)reflecton/uponsth.思考某事(2)reflectionn.反射；反照；反映；映像；沉思，深思belostinreflection陷入沉思中,③Ireflectedonpossiblereasonsformyfailure.我仔细思索导致我失败的可能的原因。④Shewaslostinreflectiononherfuture.她为自己的未来而陷入深思之中。,【助记】三图巧解“reflect”reflect思考reflect反射reflect反映,【即学即练】完成句子①湖中映出的树影很美。Thetrees_________________lookedverybeautiful.②我经常思索我的未来。Ioften__________________.reflectedinthelakereflectonmyfuture,3.★awareadj.意识到的；知道的be/becomeawareof对……知道、明白；意识到……①ThefirstthingIbecameawareofwasallthevividcolourssurroundingme—purples,reds,oranges,yellows,bluesandgreens.我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩——紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色。②Hewasn’tawareofthedanger.他没有察觉到危险。,【拓展】(1)beawarethat/wh-从句知道，体会到……makesb.awarethat...提醒某人注意……makesb.awareof...使某人注意到……(2)awarenessn.知道，晓得,③Areyouawarethatyouhavehurtherfeelings?你有没有察觉到你已经伤害她的感情了？④Thereisageneralawarenessthatsmokingisharmful.人们普遍意识到吸烟有害健康。,【即学即练】完成句子①那时你察觉到危险了吗？_________________therisksatthetime?②她知道他已经结婚了。_________________hewasmarried.WereyouawareofShewasawarethat,4.narrowadj.狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的①Theroadwastoonarrowforcarstopass.路太窄，汽车过不去。【拓展】(1)anarrowescape九死一生narrowvictory/defeat/majority险胜/勉强击败/微弱多数(2)narrowlyadv.狭窄地；勉强地,②Thechildrenhaveanarrowescapeintheearthquake.这些孩子们在地震中幸免于难。③Thecarnarrowlymissedacyclist.汽车差点儿撞上一位骑自行车的人。,【即学即练】完成句子①在这次战争中我们险胜。We___________________inthewar.②我们要竭力缩小贫富之间的差距。Wemusttry________________betweenrichandpoor.wonanarrowvictorytonarrowthegap,5.sharpadj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的①TherewereothercreaturesthatIdidn’twanttogettoocloseto—aneelwithitsstrongsharpteeth，withonlyitsheadshowingfromahole，watchingforatastyfish(ormytastytoe!)；andthegiantclamhalfburiedinsomecoralwaitingforsomethingtoswiminbetweenitsthickgreenlips.还有一些其他的动物，我不想太靠近它们——一条带有坚固锋利牙齿的鳗鱼，只是把头从石洞里伸出来，望着可供美餐的鱼过来(或者在等着我美味的脚趾伸过去)；一个巨大的蛤蚌半掩在珊瑚礁中等着有什么东西游过来，游到它那宽厚的绿嘴唇中去。,②Itisdangerousforachildtoplaywithasharpknife.让孩子玩锋利的刀子是危险的。③It’sverysharpofyoutoseethat.你能看到那一点，很有洞察力。,【拓展】sharpenvt.磨快；使锐利sharpenern.磨具；卷笔刀sharplyadv.锐利地；严厉地；苛刻地【助记】Ifyourpencilisn’tsharp,youneedapencilsharpenertosharpenit.如果你的铅笔不够尖的话，你需要一个卷笔刀削一削它。,【即学即练】用sharp,sharply,sharpen填空①Usinga_____knife,cutawaythepeelfrombothfruits.②Unemploymentamongtheoverfortieshasrisen_______inrecentyears.③Iwenttouniversityto_______mymind.sharpsharplysharpen,6.upsidedown上下翻转①Monkeysliketohangupsidedownfromatree.猴子喜欢倒挂在树上。【拓展】turn...upsidedown把……弄得乱七八糟insideout里外颠倒,②Heworethesweatshirtinsideout.他当时把运动衫穿反了。③Everythingintheroomwasturnedupsidedown.室内的一切都被弄得乱七八糟。,【助记】,【即学即练】完成句子①把蛋糕翻过来,再抹上奶油。________________________andcoveritwithcream.②我的生活被这场疾病弄得乱七八糟。Mylife_________________________bythedisease.Turnthecakeupsidedownhasbeenturnedupsidedown,7.★scarevt.恐吓vi.受惊吓(be)scaredtodeath吓死了①Itoldmyselftheyweren’tdangerousbutthatdidn’tstopmefromfeelingscaredtodeathforamoment！我自言自语地说它们并不危险，但是这样也不能抑制我那时怕得要死的恐惧心情！②ItscaredmetothinkIwasaloneinthebuilding.想到楼里只有我一个人，我害怕极了。,【拓展】(1)scareaway/off把……吓跑scaresb.intodoingsth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事(2)scaringadj.令人害怕的；吓人的scaredadj.受惊吓的；感到害怕的bescaredof...(=beafraidof)遇到……(某种事物或行为)而害怕bescaredtodo(=beafraidtodo)不敢做……,③Theymanagedtoscarethebearsaway.他们设法把熊吓跑了。④He’sscaredofheights.他有恐高症。,【即学即练】完成句子①当地商家迫于威胁，缴纳了保护费。Localbusiness_____________________protectionmoney.②她害怕晚上一个人出去。She________________________atnight.werescaredintopayingisscaredofgoingoutalone,8.I’msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinmyhandandreflectingontheday—adayofpuremagic!我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情——这真是神奇的一天！,【分析】1)本句是个简单句。2)句中amsitting和reflecting是并列谓语。3)句中withacolddrinkinmyhand是with的复合结构，在句中作状语，表示伴随情况。①Tomdoesn’tliketosleepwiththewindowopen.汤姆不喜欢开着窗户睡觉。,【拓展】with复合结构的构成:adj.adv.with+n.+prep.phrasetododoingdone,②Don’tstandwithyourhandsinyourpockets.站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。③Withnothingtodo,hewentoutforawalk.由于没有什么事要做，他便到外边去散步。【名师点津】当分词作宾语补足语时，若分词与前面的宾语之间为主谓关系，用现在分词；若为动宾关系，用过去分词。,④Withtheproblemsettled,wewentonsmoothly.由于问题得到解决，我们进展顺利。⑤Withalocalguideleadingtheway,wegotthereeasily.由当地向导领路，我们很容易到了那儿。,【即学即练】仿写句子①春天到了，树木变绿了。Withspringcomingon,treesturngreen.②这个男孩总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。Theboyalwayssleepswithhisheadonthearm.,9.ItseemedtherewasasurprisewaitingformearoundeverycornerasIexploredsmallcaves，shelvesandnarrowpassageswithmyunderwaterflashlight:theyellowandgreenparrotfishwashangingupsidedown，andsuckingtinyplantsoffthecoralwithitshardbird-likemouth；ayellow-spottedredsea-slugwasslidingbyabluesea-star；alargewise-lookingturtlewaspassingsoclosetomethatIcouldhavetouchedit.,当我用水下探照灯在小石洞、岩石和狭窄通道之间探索时，似乎每个角落都有令我惊奇的东西等待着我:黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着，用它那像鸟嘴一样的硬嘴从珊瑚上吸吮微小的植物；带着黄斑点的红色海蛞蝓从一个蓝色的海星旁边滑行过去；一只长相聪慧的大乌龟紧贴着我的身旁而过，我可以摸着它了。,【分析】1)本句为复合句。2)seemed后接表语从句therewasasurprisewaitingformearoundeverycorner...3)as引导时间状语从句。4)冒号后面的内容是对surprise的解释说明，其中还有一个so...that引导的结果状语从句。5)现在分词短语waitingformearoundeverycorner作定语修饰surprise。6)Itseemed(that)是常用句型，表示“好像”。,①Itseemsthattheyknowwhatthey’redoing.看来他们知道自己在干什么。【拓展】Itseemsasif...看起来好像……Thereseemstobe...好像有……,②Italwaysseemedasiftheywouldgetmarried.他们一直仿佛是要结婚似的。③Thereseemstobeamaninthedark.在黑暗处好像有一个人。,【即学即练】仿写句子依我看，怀特先生不会再来了。ItseemstomethatMr.Whitewillnotcomeagain.,10.Thenthereweretwogreyreefsharks，eachaboutoneandahalfmetreslong，whichsuddenlyappearedfrombehindsomecoral.【分析】1)本句是个复合句。2)句中which引导的是定语从句，修饰sharks。3)句中eachaboutoneandahalfmetreslong为独立主格结构，在句中作定语，相当于定语从句eachofwhichwasaboutoneandahalfmetreslong。,【拓展】独立主格结构在句中常作状语和定语。独立主格结构的常见形式:形容词副词名词／代词+名词介词短语分词不定式,①Timepermitting,we’llgotothepark.时间允许的话，我们就去公园。②Everythingconsidered,Ipreferthefirstplan.考虑到所有情况，我选择了第一个计划。③Themeetingover,theyallwentoutofthemeetingroom.会议结束后，他们都走出了会议室。,【即学即练】将上面句子翻译成汉语。然后,还有两条灰色的珊瑚鲨，每条大约有1.5米长，突然从珊瑚礁后边游了出来。,11.Thewaterwasquiteshallowbutwherethereefended,therewasasteepdroptothesandyoceanfloor.【分析】(therewasasteeodroptothesandyoceanfloor).Thewaterwasquiteshallowbut(wherethereefended),1)并列连词地点状语从句第一个并列分句第二个并列分句主句,2)句型where...,therebe...表示“在有……的地方，就有……”。①Wherethereiswater,thereislife.有水就有生命。②Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。,【即学即练】将上面句子翻译成汉语水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。,,完形填空Onceabeautifuldiamondnecklaceofakingwaslost.Thekingthenoffereda1of$50,000foranybodywhofoundit.Onedayaclerkwaswalkingalonga2nexttoanindustrialarea，whichwascompletelypollutedandsmelly.Suddenly，hesawsomething3intheriverandwhenhelookedcarefully，hesawthediamondnecklace.Hedecidedto,tryandcatchitsothathecouldgetthe4.Heputhishandinthedirtyriverandgrabbedatthenecklace，butsomehow5it.Hethenwalkedinthewaterandputhiswholearmin.Butstrangely，hestillmissedit！Hecameout，feeling6.Thenagainhesawthenecklace，7there.Thistimehedivedintotheriver.Hesearchedeverywhereandyethe8.,Justthenanoldmanwhowas9，sawhim，andaskedhimwhatwasthematter.Theclerkdidn’twanttosharethesecretwithhim，sohe10totellhimanything.Buttheoldmancouldseetheclerkwas11andpromisedhewouldnottellanyoneaboutit.Theclerkthendecidedtoputsome12intheoldman.Hetalkedaboutthenecklaceandhowhetriedtocatchit，but13failing.Theoldmansuggestedthatperhapsheshouldtrylookingupward，towardthebranchesofthetree，insteadofintheriver.Theclerklooked,up，and14enough，thenecklacewashangingona15.Hehadbeentryingtogetareflection(倒影)oftherealnecklaceallthetime.Materialhappinessisjustlikethepollutedriver，becauseitisareflectionofthetruehappinessinthespiritualworld.,1.A.competitionB.noticeC.rewardD.gift【解析】选C。国王的项链丢了，于是他就悬赏:任何找到这条项链的人就会得到五万美元的奖赏(reward)。2.A.playgroundB.beachC.streetD.river【解析】选D。下文多处都有提示:这位办事员正沿着工业区附近的一条小河(river)走。,3.A.wavingB.swimmingC.shiningD.moving【解析】选C。这是一条钻石项链，所以会闪闪发光(shining)。4.A.moneyB.powerC.treasureD.pleasure【解析】选A。根据上文的reward可知，一旦他从河中捞出这条项链，他就可以得到这笔钱(money)。,5.A.missedB.followedC.touchedD.caught【解析】选A。从下文hestillmissedit可推知，他捞不着这条项链。miss本意为“错过”，在此意为“未得到，未捞到”。6.A.afraidB.happyC.guiltyD.depressed【解析】选D。捞不到这条项链，就得不到奖赏，他自然很沮丧(depressed)。,7.A.upB.rightC.overD.out【解析】选B。right在此作副词，意思是“正好、恰好”。句意:他又一次看见了项链，就在那里。8.A.waitedB.leftC.startedD.failed【解析】选D。从下文情节可推知，他并没有捞到这条项链，故选D。,9.A.comingbackB.passingbyC.gettingupD.sittingdown【解析】选B。此处指一位老人经过(passby)这里。10.A.managedB.determinedC.refusedD.offered【解析】选C。此处指当老人问他缘由时，他什么也没有说，故选refused。,11.A.interestedB.surprisedC.scaredD.troubled【解析】选D。老人看到这个人在污水里摸来摸去，显然他能够看出这位办事员有麻烦事(troubled)。12.A.happinessB.faithC.luckD.courage【解析】选B。下文提到这位办事员最终说出了实情，说明他信任了(faith)这位老人。,13.A.forgotB.mindedC.keptD.enjoyed【解析】选C。此处指他连续(kept)几次都失败了。14.A.straightB.trueC.farD.near【解析】选B。此处实际是itistrue的省略说法，意思是“确实，真的，的确”。,15.A.branchB.houseC.stickD.wire【解析】选A。根据上文的Theoldmansuggestedthatperhapsheshouldtrylookingupward，towardthebranchesofthetree，insteadofintheriver.可知这条项链就挂在树枝(branch)上。,投诉信本单元的写作要求是写一封投诉信。即在信中表达对某些人或事的不满。在日常生活中我们难免会产生不满情绪。因此要正确处理，学会“投诉”。投诉信与普通信件的不同在于:1.写作目的不同。投诉信主要针对未解决的问题提出投诉，强调自己的“不满”。2.写作方式不同。投诉信的目的在于希望得到对方的帮助，所以在写作方式上它倾向于在客观说明的基础上运用请求性的文字，以达到写投诉信的目的。,假设你是李华，非常喜欢网购。你在2012年6月5日从某网店买了十双鞋，一共花费299元。你6月11日收到了这些鞋，却发现五双粉红色的鞋很好，但五双蓝色的鞋有掉色的质量问题，根本没法穿。对此你很生气，要求该网店为你换一下，并承担运费；同时你还建议该网店提高产品质量。注意:1.只能用五句话表达全部内容。2.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总句数。3.参考词汇:质量问题qualityissues;运费freight,1.确定文体、时态、人称。(1)文体:投诉信。写投诉信要语气坚定，要证明责任确实在商家；最后要明确问题出在哪儿及你的具体要求，还可说明由此给你带来的不便或伤害，以加强投诉的力量。(2)文体时态:主要使用一般过去时，兼用一般现在时态。(3)文体人称:第一人称,2.明确投诉信的结构:(1)开头:自我介绍，交代投诉内容，表明目的和要求。(2)正文:说明情况，告诉对方你受到的伤害或不便，提出解决问题的建议，表明希望如何处理。(3)结尾:表达问题得到迅速、恰当解决的强烈愿望，希望尽快得到满意答复。,1.词汇:①共计_____/_______/_________②质量好___________③掉色_________④为我们更换……______________inallintotaladduptogoodqualitylosecolorchange...forus,2.句式:一句多译。①我一共花费299元。Ipaid299yuanfortheminall.Ispent299yuanontheminall.Theycostme299yuaninall.,②有五双粉红色的鞋质量很好。Fivepairsofpinkshoes_________________.Fivepairsofpinkshoes_________________.③我建议你们提高产品质量。Isuggest____________________________________.Isuggest______________________________________.areofgoodqualityaregoodinqualityyouimprovethequalityofyourproductsyourimprovingthequalityofyourproducts,DearSir/Madam,IamLiHuafromShandongandIlikeshoppingonline._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Bestregards,LiHua,DearSir/Madam,IamLiHuafromShandongandIlikeshoppingonline.IboughttenpairsofshoesfromyouronlineshoponthefifthofJune.Ispent299yuanontheminall.AndIgotalltheseshoesontheeleventhofJune.Fivepairsofpinkshoesareofgoodquality,whilefivepairsofblueshoeswithqualityissues,whichmademeannoyed,andwecan’twearthematall.Iwouldlikeyoutochangethemforus,andshouldbearthefreight,andI,suggestyouimprovethequalityofyourproducts.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Bestregards,LiHua,
