冠词 <br />1.不用冠词的情况 <br />（1）专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。 <br />China , America, Smith <br />（2）季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。 <br />March, May Day, National Day, Children’s Day, Women’s Day <br />Have you had supper? <br />Spring is the best season of the year. <br />（3）称呼语及表示头衔职务的名词作宾语、补语及同位语时，一般不加冠词。 <br />What’s this, Father? We made him our chairman. <br />Professor Li. <br />（4）学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。 <br />Do you study physics? <br />He likes playing football/chess. <br />（5）复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。 <br />They are peasants/ workers. <br />（6）在与 by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。 <br />by car, by bus,by bike, by train, by air/ water/ land <br />但：take a bus, come in a boat, on the train/ bus 需注意。 <br />（7）某些固定词组中不用冠词。 <br />①名词词组中： <br />husband and wife, brother and sister, body and soul, day and night, knife and fork <br />②介词词组中： <br />to(at, from) school, in (to)class, in (to,at, from)university（college）,to（in, into, from） <br />church, to(in,into, out of)prison(hospital, bed), to(at, from, out of)work, to(in, from) town,at <br />(from)home, to(at)sea, at night(noon, midnight), by car (bus, bicycle, plane), on foot <br />注意：在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同。 <br />in hospital 住院（因病） <br /> <br />in the hospital 在医院（工作、参观等） <br /> <br />in front of 在前面，指某物体之外 <br />in the front of 在前部，指某物之内 <br />2.定冠词的使用情况 <br />①特指或第二次提到。 <br />②序数词前、最高级前、独一无二的东西前。 <br />③用于表示发明物的单数名词前或某些专有名词前。 <br />④ the+形容词表示一类人 <br />the rich, the poor, the young 富人，穷人，年轻人 <br />⑤the+姓氏复数表示 这一家人 <br />the Smiths/the Whites（表示一家人或夫妇俩） <br />⑥用在表示计量的名词前，如 by the hour，by the day，by the dozen，by the yard 等， <br />但是如表示单位的名词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如 by weight/height 等。 <br />He was paid by the hour/week/month. <br />⑦用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。 <br /> in the 1990s <br />3.不定冠词常用的几种情况 <br />（1）表示“一”相当于“one”。I’ll return in a day or two. <br />（2）表示“每”相当于“per”。We have three meals a day. <br />（3）表示“同一性”相当于“the same”。The children are of an age. <br />（4）表示类指，表示“某类”。He wants to he a doctor. <br />（5）表示泛指，相当于“any”。A horse is a useful animal. <br />（6）表示某一个，相当于“a certain”。A Mr. Smith is asking to see you. <br />（7）与抽象名词连用，可以表示“一场、一次、一件”，如：a pleasure 一件乐事，a surprise <br />一件令人惊讶的事，a joy 一件高兴的事，a pity 一件遗憾的事，an honour 一个（件）经以 <br />为荣的人(事)。 <br />4.冠词表类别 <br />（1）定冠词 + 单数可数名词，表示一个，代表一类。 <br />The computer was invented in 1945. <br />The TV set was invented by Joan Baird. <br />The horse is a useful animal. <br />（2）不定冠词 + 单数可数名词（表示任意一个，某一个）。 <br />A pen is a tool for writing. <br />A square has four sides. <br />A horse is a useful animal. <br />（3）可数名词或不可数名词，指类别（考虑到同类中的各个情况）。 <br />Horses are useful animals. <br />Rice is a kind of food. <br />选择填空 <br />1. Most animals have little connection with_______animals of_________different kind <br />unless they ...
