BeforetheclassIwantyoutobeengagedinthematerial.Iwantyoutobeengagedinwhateveritisthatwearediscussinginclass.NotnecessarilythinkingaboutgettingdowneverywordthatIsay.I’dlikeyoutotakeactivenotesratherthanpassivenotes.Writedownwhatcanmakeyoufeelorlearnsomething.Betterattention,betterunderstandingofthematerialifyouareactivelyengaged.Betterattention,betterunderstandingofthematerialifyouareactivelyengaged.Iwantyoutobeengagedinthematerial.Iwantyoutobeengagedinwhateveritisthatwearediscussinginclass.NotnecessarilythinkingaboutgettingdowneverywordthatIsay.I’dlikeyoutotakeactivenotesratherthanpassivenotes.Writedownwhatcanmakeyoufeelorlearnsomething.,Unit2ReadingSAILINGTHEOCEANS,Wordsandexpressionsreviewlatitudevoyagemercyatthemercyofencyclopediaalongsideexplorationminimumn.纬度n.航海;航行n.仁慈;宽恕;怜悯受……支配n.百科全书prep.靠着;沿着adv.在旁边;沿着边n.探险;探测adj.最小的;最低的,Wordsreviewcelestialpoleequatorhorizonoverheadseaweednowhereoffshoreadj.天上的n.地极;柱;杆n.赤道n.地平线;视野adj.在头上的adv.在头顶上;在空中;在高处n.海草;海藻adv.无处adj.离岸的;海面上的,outwardtidesecureknotlognauticalnauticalmilemagneticrandomadj.外面的;向外的adv.向外;在外n.潮;潮汐;潮流;趋势adj.安全的;可靠的n.结v.打结n.原木;木材adj.海上的;航海的海里adj.磁的;有磁性的adj.任意的;随便的Wordsandexpressionsreview,awkwardreferenceprecisesimplifyportableshortcomingupdatedtendencyreliableadj.难使用的;笨拙的n.参考adj.精确的;准确的vt.单一化;简单化adj.轻便的;手提的;便携的n.缺点;短处vt.更新n.趋向;倾向adj.可靠的;可信赖的Wordsreview,Skimmingtogetgeneralideas,SkimmingReadingComprehensionIReadthepassagequicklyandchoosethebestanswer.Whichisfittodescribethispassage?Itisa______.A.narration(记叙文)B.exposition(说明文)C.prose(散文)D.poem,Fromthereadingpassagewehavelearned_________.A.whyearlyseamenwantedtosailthesevenseasB.thatthereisusefulinformationinanencyclopediaC.thatearlysailorswentexploringtheseausingtheirskillsandsimpleinstrumentsD.whylatitudeandlongitudeareimportanttoplotaship’sposition,Carefulreadingtosolvedifficultpoints,atthemercyofwithoutanyprotectionagainst;helplessbefore任由……摆布；在……面前无助Theywerelostatsea,atthemercyofwindandweather.他们在海上迷失了方向，任凭风和天气的摆布。Idon’tliketobeatthemercyofsuchaman.我不愿受这样一个人的摆布。,havemercyon/showmercyto对……表示怜悯Theterroristsshowednomercytothehostages.恐怖分子对人质残酷无情。withoutmercy毫不留情地Themotherleftthedyingbabyinthehospitalwithoutmercy.那位母亲狠心地把垂死的婴儿丢弃在医院。,It’samercy(that)(口)幸运的是，幸亏(用于表示更遭的情况得以避免总算是幸运)It’samercytheaccidenthappenedsonearthehospital.幸亏事故发生在离医院很近的地方。It’samercyshewasn’tseriouslyhurt.幸运的是她伤势不重。,eventhough用作连词，意为“尽管，即使”，引导让步状语从句。[高考示例]TherewasneveranytimeforKatetofeellonely,______shewasanonlychild.(2005辽宁)A.eversinceB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.evenaseventhough“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。eversince“自从……以来”，常和完成时态连用；nowthat“既然，由于”；evenas“正当，恰恰在……的时候”。,[拓展]eventhough和evenso的区别：eventhough=evenif用作连词，引导让步状语从句；evenso用作副词，意思是“尽管这样/那样，即便如此”。[高考示例]Youruncleseemstobeagooddriver;______,Iwouldn’tdaretotravelinhiscar.(2005江西)A.evensoB.eventhoughC.thereforeD.so,referencen.提及,涉及,参考,参考书目,证明书(人),介绍信(人)Atthemeetingtheteachermadereferencestohisheroicdeeds.在会上老师提到了他的英雄事迹。Thesearereferencebooksforteachers.这些是教师参考书。,Ifyoudon’tknowwhatthismeans,pleaserefertothedictionary.如果你不知道这是什么意思，请查看字典。Herpupilsoftenrefertothisdictionary.她的学生经常查这本字典。Don’trefertoitagain.别再提那件事。【知识拓展】referv.提到，说起，涉及；参考，查询，常与to连用。,preciseadj.精确的,准确的precisionn.精确(性),精密(度)Ican’tgiveyouaprecisedate.我无法告诉你确切的日期。Acameraisaninstrumentofprecision.照相机是一种精密仪器。,Ssubject主语Ppredicate谓语Oobject宾语Attattribute定语Advadverbial状语Comcomplement补语Prepredicative表语Cclause从句Shortforms缩略语,DifficultsentencesanalysisThenumberofknotsthatwerecountedduringafixedperiodoftimegavethespeedoftheshipinnauticalmilesperhour.在一定时间内计算出有多少个结，就可以算出船只每小时航行多少英里的速度。SAttCPOAdv,Later,whenseamenbegantousethecompassinthe12thcenturytheycouldcalculatelongitudeusingcomplicatedmathematicaltables．后来，当12世纪海员们开始使用指南针的时候，他们就可以用复杂的数学表来计算出经度了。usingcomplicatedmathematicaltables是现在分词短语作状语，表示手段。,ThecompasshasaspecialmagneticpointerwhichalwaysindicatestheNorthPole,soitisusedtohelpfindthedirectionthattheshipneedstogo.pointer是先行词,which是引导词,在从句中作主语,引导后面定语从句alwaysindicatestheNorthPole;so后面引导的是结果状语从句;thedirection作为先行词,that是引导词,引导定语从句theshipneedstogo。,指南针有一个特殊的磁针，始终指着北极。因此人们用它来帮助找出船只所要去的方向。,TipsforteacherLetthewordfly板块是帮助学生学习一些一词多义、熟词生义的词汇。通过此环节，学生可以对一些常见词的用法、意思有一个透彻的了解。,LetthewordflyTwoteamswillhavearace.Theteamthatfirstgivethepropermeaningwillgetonepoint.TeamracingReady?,worksth.out/workoutsth.①tocalculateananswer,amount,price,orvalue②tofindtheanswertosth.;tosolvesth.找到……的答案；处理；解决③toplanorthinkofsth.计划；思考计算；算出,eg.⑴Seeifyoucanworkoutthisbillout.⑵Theplotissocomplicatedthatit’lltakeyouawhiletoworkitout.⑶I’veworkedoutanewwayofdoingit.⑷Ihaven’tworkedoutwho’sgonetolookafterthekidstonight.计算解决思考计划,Next,let’sgetafurtherunderstandingabouttheReading.,SAILINGTHEOCEANSUsingnaturetohelpkeepingalongsidecoastlinePart1Usingnavigationalinstrumentstohelp…Part2UsingcelestialbodiesUsingwildlifeFindinglongitudeUsingtheseaFindinglatitudeUsingtheweather,Scanningtogetdetailinformation,ScanningReadingComprehensionII1.Beforemoderninstrumentswereinvented,peoplehardlyusedanynavigation.,2.Earlysailorscouldusetheheightofthesuntoworkouttheirlatitude.3.Seamencan’tsailtheseaiftheydon’tknowlatitudeandlongitude.4.Windcouldacceleratesailingspeedanditwasalwayssafeandeasytouse.5.ThecompassalwaysindicatestheNorthPole,andseamencouldfindthedirectionthattheshipneededtogowithitshelp.,1Whatistheuseofabearingcircle,astrolabe,quadrantorsextant?()Whatistheuseofacompass?()AtosetthecourseoftheshipBtomeasurethepositionoftheshipCtomeasurethespeedoftheshipDtotellthetimeBAComprehending1Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.,Speedandtimeareimportantinfindingoutthelongitudeofashipbecausetheearthmovesfifteendegreeswestwardseveryhour.Ifyouknowyourdirection,speedandtime,youcanworkouttheapproximatelongitudeorchangeinyourpositioninrelationtothestars.Whyarespeedandtimeimportantinworkingoutthelongitudeofaship?,Thepositionofthesunandstarsareusefulforworkingoutlatitudebecausetheyarefixedpointsintheskyandtheirmovementsinrelationtotheeartharealreadyknown.Sotheycanbeusedtomeasureaship'sposition.3Whyisthepositionofthesunandvariousstarsusefulforworkingoutlatitude?,Thesailorswouldneedtobeexcellentnavigators,abletocopewithbothhotandcoldweather,experiencedinsailingthroughverybadweatherandabletoco-operateinateam.2SupposeyouwereaseacaptainaimingtosailroundAfrica.Discussingroups:1Whatskillswouldyouseekinyoursailors?,Iwouldanticipateveryhotweather(aroundtheequator),coldweather(aroundtheCapeofGoodHope),verystormyseas(aroundtheCape),andproblemswithfoodandwater(unlesshelpedbylocalnativesthewatermaybecontaminatedandthefoodscarce),etc.Whatproblemswouldyouanticipateforthisjourney?,3Whatwouldyoudoifyoucameacrossthefollowingproblemsduringyourvoyage?Readthechartbelowandfillinyourplansofactiontodealwiththem.Whatwouldyoudoif:Planofactionyouwerefarfromlandandastormarose.waittillthestormisover,andthenfindyournewpositionandreturntoyouroriginalcourse,youknewyourlatitudebutdidn'tknowyourlongitude.youwereblownoff-course.useknotstofindyourspeedandworkoutyourapproximatelongitudeusethecompassandtheastrolabe,quadrantorsextanttofindoutyourposition,returntoyourformercourse,youwereoffshorebutyouneededmorefoodandwater.youwantedtokeepastraightcourse.follownestingbirdstoshore;lookforspecialcloudformationsorfogoverstreamstofindlanduseacompass,youwerelostwithnolandinsight.measureyourpositionusingthesunorstars;lookforseabirds,cloudformations,fogorseaweedtoshowthatlandisnearby,Tofindtheship’spositionatseaasailorusedtheNorthStarandthesun.4Readthepassageagainandusetheinformationtoanalysethenavigationalskills.Writetheanswersinyourownwords.Usingnature,2Asailorknewthatlandwasnearbyifhesaw_______________________________________________________________.3Sailorsused_____________________________toincreasetheirspeed.freshseaweed,nestingbirdsreturninghomeintheeveningorfogseacurrentsortidesandwinds,Usinginstruments4Thereweretwomethodstofindlongitude:1_________________________2__________________________________________________.measuringtimeandspeedcompassandcomplicatedmathematicaltables,5Writedowntheworkingprinciplesofthefollowinginstruments:Bearingcircle:________________________________________________________________.Astrolabe: ________________________________________________________________.tocomparetheheightofthesunnowwiththepositionofthesunatmiddaytocomparethepositionoftheshipinrelationtosomestarsorthesun,Quadrant:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.amorepreciseformoftheastrolabe,tomeasurehowhighstarsareabovethehorizon,andcomparethatmeasurementwithpreviousmeasurements(usingtheshipasoneofthefixedpointstofinditsposition),Sextant:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.anupdatedversionofthequadrantandsoitwasmoreaccurate,tomeasuretheanglebetweentwofixedpointsoutsidetheship(usingtwomirrorstofindtheship'sposition),5Imagineyouareonaboatwithtwenty-nineotherpeople.Youhaveasmallboxforyourpersonalthingsbutitcanonlyholdtenitems.Whatwouldyouneedforaweek'sjourneyacrosstheNorthSeatoEngland?,CategoryItemsCategoryItemsClothesShoesHygieneToolsBeddingMedicinesGamesBooksshirt,trouserswaterproofbootssoapknife,scissorsblanketsea-sicktablets,coldmedicinecards,chessnovels,essaycollections,Individualactivity,Timisingoodshapephysically_______hedoesn’tgetmuchexercise.(2010湖南)A.ifB.eventhoughC.unlessD.aslongasQuizI:MultiplechoiceJohnisvery____ —ifhepromisestodosomethinghe’lldoit.(2009浙江) A.independentB.confidentC.reliable D.flexible,QuizII:Fillintheblanks.1.Hewasayoungsailoronhisfirstseav_______.2.Sheappealedtothejudgetohave_____(forgiveness)onherhusband.3.Acarpulledup(停下来)_________(beside)ours.4.Weneedtocarryoutafull__________(=examination)ofallthealternatives.voyagemercyalongsideexploration,5.Weneeda_________of(atleast)tenpeopletoplaythisgame.6.Themoonisa________(ofthesky)body.7.Themoonroseslowlyabovethe_______(地平线).8.Thisroomneeds_________lighting(=lightsintheceiling).9.Theseyoungpeoplehave________(notanywhere)togo.minimumcelestialhorizonoverheadnowhere,10.The_______(外面的)appearanceofthebuildinghasnotchangedatallin200years.11.Timeand____waitfornoman.(岁月不待人。)12.Endangeredspeciesneedtobekept______(safe)frompoachers(偷猎者).13.Hecaughttheropeand_______(打结)itaroundapost.outwardtidesecureknotted,14.Weaskeda_________(任意的)selectionofpeoplewhattheythought.15.Mycar'squite_________(difficulttouse)todrive.16.Knowingwhathadhappened,Iavoidedmakingany__________to(=mentioning)weddings.17.Hecaughtmeatthe________(exact)momentthatIfainted.randomawkwardreferenceprecise,18.Hetriedto_______(makesimple)thestoryfortheyoungeraudience.19.Whateverhis____________(faults)asahusband,hewasagoodfathertohischildren.20.Thereisa________(趋向;倾向)forunemploymenttoriseinthesummer.21.Ifoundthistobea_________(dependable)brandofwashingmachines.simplifyshortcomingstendencyreliable,QuizIII:Translation.1.这是人生最有益的鉴戒之一。Itisoneof______________lessonsoflife.2.我们可以自由自在地四处观光。We______________lookroundcomfortably.3.由于接近赤道，马尔代夫群岛终年炎热。__________________,Maldivesishotallyear.themostusefulwereabletoClosebytheequator,4.他指出，热能使水沸腾。Heshowedthattheheat_______________boilwater.5.该科学家改善了脱去海水盐分的方法。Thescientistperfected_____________desaltingseawater.6.这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。__________theycanbetterapplytheorytopractice.couldbeusedtoamethodofInthisway,7.要估算别人为我们所提供的服务的真正价值是极其困难的。______________________estimatethetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.8.它被证明是当年海员们用的一种计算工具。______________oneofthemathematicalinstrumentsthatweretheninuseamongseamen.ItisextremelydifficulttoItprovedtobe,Self-assessmentThingsIcandoEvaluationIcanunderstandthereadingpassages.54321Ihavelearnedthedifficultiesthatwemaymeetwithwhensailingtheoceans.54321Icanunderstandandspellthenewwordsandexpressionsandcanusetheminnewsituation.54321Icanunderstandthesentencepatternsandwritenewsentenceswiththem.54321Ineedmorepracticein_________________________.,Thinkaboutwhatwe’vejustlearntintoday’sclass.TimeforReflectionStudywithoutreflectionisawasteoftime.ThinkinEnglishAftertheclassIt’sthetimewherewestoptheclassandyoulookinward.It’satimeofsilenceinaclass.,SurfontheInternetandfindmoreabouthowseamenexploretheoceans.latitude,encyclopedia,pole,equator,seaweed,offshore,log,nautical,magnetic,portable.2.发挥想象，连词成文(50-100字)。Homework,
