人教版（2019）高中英语必修第四册Unit 2单元测试卷（Word版，含答案）

人教版（2019）高中英语必修第四册Unit2单元测试卷第一部分听力第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHereareseveralgreatcastlesinBavariaofGermany.VesteCoburgTheVesteCoburginOberfrankenisoneofthemostawesome(令人敬畏的)castlesinBavaria.Itwasbuiltinthe11thcentury.MartinLutheractuallylivedhereinthe1530sforsixmonths.YouwillalsofindsamplesofgreatBavarianwoodworkhere.BurgzuBurghausenThelargestcastleinEuropeisrightinBavaria—BurgzuBurghausen.Builtinthe13thcentury,thecastleisover3,300feetlong.Avisitherewilltakeyoubacktomedieval(中世纪的)timesandeverycastlehunterlikesit.ResidenzinMunichMunichhasoneofthefinestGermancastlestobefoundinBavaria.TheResidenz,asitisknown,wasthehomeoftheWittelsbachfamily,andKingLudwigⅡ(1845-1886)ofBavariaspentalotoftimehereasachild.Thepalaceisamust-seeonanytriptoBavaria.NeuesSchlossInWagner’sBayreuth(thecomposersettleshereinhislateryears),youcanfindNeuesSchloss.Builtin1753and1754,thepalacehasbeautifulwoodwork.IfyouenjoytheRococostyleofarchitecture,youdonotwanttomissthiscastle.KingLudwigⅡ’sCastlesTherearethreeothercastlesinBavariathatareknownas“KingLudwigⅡ’sCastles”.TheyareLinderhofPalace,SchlossHerrenchiemseeandSchlossNeuschwanstein.Thesecastlesare masterpieces,eventhoughtwoofthethreewereevenneverfinished.KingLudwigbuilttheseawesomecastleswhichinspireyourimagination.21.Comparedtotheothercastlesmentionedinthepassage,whatisspecialforBurgzuBurghausen?A.Strangest.B.Oldest.C.Largest.D.Tallest.22.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriterseemtoagreewith?A.ThecastleNeuesSchlossisamust-seeonanytriptoBavaria.B.ThecastleNeuesSchlossinspiredmanypiecesofWagner’smusic.C.ThecastleNeuesSchlossismostfamousforitsbeautifulwoodwork.D.ThecastleNeuesSchlosswillattractpeoplefondoftheRococostyleofarchitecture.23.WhatcanwelearnaboutKingLudwigⅡfromthepassage?A.Helackedwillpower.B.Helackedimagination.C.Helikedbuildingcastles.D.Hewasaverypoorking.BTheLeaningTowerofPisanolongerleansquitesomuchaftera￡20millionprojecttosaveitwashailedacompletesuccessyesterday.Thetower,whichwasonthevergeofcollapse,hasbeenstraightenedby18inchesreturningittoits1838position.Thetower,whichhasbeenleaningalmostsincebuildingworkfirstbeganin1173,wasclosedtothepublicin1990becauseofsafetyfears.The183-foottowerwasnearly15feetoffvertical(垂直线)anditsstructurewasfoundtohavebeenweakenedbycenturiesofstrain.ThelastattemptatstraighteningthetowerwascarriedoutunderordersfromBenitoMussolini,whowantedittobeperfectlyvertical.Concretewaspouredintothefoundations,buttheresultwasthatthetowersankfurtherintothesoil. Thestraighteningworkinvolvedtheextractionofaround70tonsofearthfromthenorthernsideofthetower,causingittosinkonthatside.Beforethediggingstarted,thetowerwasanchoredwithsteelcablesand600tonsofleadweights.However,halfwaythroughtheproject,concernsattheuglinessoftheweightsledtotheirremovalandthetowerlurched(倾斜)dramatically.“Inonenight,thetowermovedmorethanithadaveragedinanentireyear,”saidProf.Borland.Theweightswerehastilyreattached. Thetower’sstoneworkhasalsobeenrestoredandtouristscanclearlyseethedifferencebetweenitslevelsoflimestoneandmarble.“Ifwehadnotsteppedin,thetowerwouldhavecollapsedbetween2030and2040,”saidSalvatoreSettees,thepresidentoftherescuecommittee.“Thisiscrucialforthetower’sstabilityanditwasatotallyItaliansuccess.”TheItaliangovernmentsteppedinafteratowercollapsedinPaviain1989,killingfourpeople.24.Whywasthetowerclosedtothepublicin1990?A.Itwasdestroyed.B.Itwasmoved.　C.Itwasindangerandalsodangerous.D.EverytowerinItalywasclosedthen.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theirremoval”inparagraph6referto?A.Removalofconcerns.B.Removalofthetower.C.Removalofugliness.D.Removalofleadpieces.26.Whichsideofitsfoundationmaythetowerleantoaccordingtothepassage?A.South.B.West.C.North.D.East.27.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.A20millionprojectstraightenedthetowervertical.B.Thetowerhasbeenstraightenedwhereitwasin1838.C.Concretepouredintothefoundationsworkedinthestraighteningwork. D.Thetowermaycollapsebetween2030and2040.CMeetingpeoplefromanotherculturecanbedifficult.Fromthebeginning,peoplemaysendthewrongsignal.Ortheymaypaynoattentiontosignalsfromanotherpersonwhoistryingtodeveloparelationship.Differentculturesemphasise(强调)theimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Evenwithpeopleatwork,itisnecessarytospendalotoftimein“smalltalk”,usuallyoveraglassoftea,beforetheydoanyjob.InmanyEuropeancountries—liketheUKorFrance—peoplefinditeasiertobuildupalastingworkingrelationshipatrestaurantsorcafésratherthanattheoffice.Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailand.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivelydiscussion;instead,therewasanuncomfortablesilence.Thepeoplepresentjuststaredatmeandsmiled.Aftergettingtoknowtheirwaysbetter,IrealisedthattheythoughtIwastalkingtoomuch.Inmyownculture,weexpressmeaningmainlythroughwords,butpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsareunnecessary.EvenwithinNorthernEurope,culturaldifferencescancauseseriousproblems.Certainly,EnglishandGermanculturessharesimilarvalues;however,Germansprefertogetdowntobusinessmorequickly.Wethinkthattheyarerude.Infact,thisisjustbecausetheculturestartsdiscussionsandmakesdecisionsmorequickly.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvalues,andsometimesthesevaluesarequiteagainsteachother.However,ifwecanunderstandthembetter,amulticulturalenvironmentwillofferawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother.28.Insomecountries,eatingtogetheratrestaurantsmaymakeiteasierforpeopleto　　　　. A.developcloserrelationsB.sharethesamecultureC.gettoknoweachotherD.keepeachothercompany29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“multicultural”inthelastparagraphmean? A.本地的B.多元文化的C.彼此的D.单一的30.Accordingtothepassage,howcanpeoplefromdifferentculturesunderstandeachotherbetter?A.Bysharingdifferentwaysoflife.B.Byacceptingdifferenthabits.C.Byrecognisingdifferentvalues.D.Byspeakingeachother’slanguages.31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.MulticulturalEnvironmentB.Cross-CulturalDifferencesC.HowtoUnderstandEachOtherD.HowtoBuildUpaRelationshipDAustraliahasbecomeoneofthemostattractivecountriesfortourismintheworldandthereasonsaresimple:ForalongtimetraditionaltouristdestinationssuchasEurope,theUSA,England,andmanyothers,usedtoattracttouristsfortheirhistory,architecture,shopping,beauty,beachesanddevelopment.MeanwhileAustraliawasconsideredtoofarandexpensivetogo,exceptforAsianresidents.Withtheworldchangingsignificantly,fewplacesareleftuntouchedtoday.TravellinginAustraliaiseasy,safe,andAustraliaisfulloffantasticplacestovisit.Asadevelopedcountry,Australiaofferswhatisnecessaryforanytravellers.Ifyoujustwanttovisitcitiesandgoshopping,youwillhavecitieswiththebestqualityoflifeintheworld.Ifyouwanttogoforsportsandhaveplentyoffun,youwillhaveaballoverhere.Theadventures,thecomfort,thefun,arejustwaitingforyou.Ifyouhaveaverylimitedtime,wesuggestyouhavealookatourpagewherewepresentsomesuggestionsforwhatcanbedoneinjustafewdays’trip.Threemonthswouldn’tbeenoughtoknowAustraliaverywell.Thecountryissobigthateventodaytherearelandsneverfoot-steppedyet.Ofcoursemostcan’tseethewholecountryatonce.Thebestwaytodoitistomakeaplanforcities,landscapes,nationalparks,smalltownsandculturalplaces.Otherwiseyoumayspendhoursandhoursonaroadwithoutanyattractions insteadofdoingthesametrajectory(轨迹)byplanesavingtimeandmoney.Asissaidabove,travellinginAustraliaisveryeasy,andyoudon’tneedtoworrytoomuchaboutreservationsexceptintheholidayperiodsandduringsomeschoolbreakswhenyoumayfindfeweroptions,orifyouaregoingtodosomepartsbyplane.Accommodationofalllevelsandpricesisalsoplentiful,anddependsontheplaceyougo.32.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.ToshowtravellinginAustraliaiseasyandsafe.B.ToshowAustraliaisthebestcountry.C.Tosharehistravellingexperience.D.TointroducethetourismofAustralia.33.ManytouriststurntheireyestoAustralia　　　　. A.becausetheytakeaninterestinthewonderfularchitectureB.becausetheyperhapslikeadventureandexcitementC.becausetheyarelongingforthehistoryofthelandD.becausetheywanttofollowthelatestdevelopment34.WhiletravellinginAustraliayouwillfind　　　　. A.thecountryisconvenientforyouinmanywaysB.thecountrycanofferyoukindsofhigh-qualitygoodsC.youwillfallinlovewithdifferentsportsatonceD.youwillhaveenoughtimetovisitthefantasticplaces35.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphimply?A.Bigcitiesattractmostofthetourists.B.Agoodplanisbeneficialtoyourtrip.C.Makingaplanwillcostyoumuchtime.D.You’dbetterhaveaself-drivingtrip.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsonFindingInspirationafterFailureThegoodthingaboutfailureisthatitisactuallynottheend.36.　　　  Acceptyourweaknesses.Everyhumanbeinghasweaknesses.Thefirstthingyouneedtodoafterfailingistoacceptthatithashappenedtoyoubecausefailurehappenstohumanbeings.Acceptingthishelpsyoutoacceptthatthisisnotareflectionofyourlifeasawhole.37.　　　 Seethelesson.Thebiggestthingyoucantakefromfailureisthelessonithastaughtyou.38.Ifthereareanyweaknessesyouneedtoaddress,youwillonlybeabletoseethemafterdoingthissoulsearching.TherearemanylessonsIwouldneverhavelearnedifIhadnotfailed.39.　　　　Youwillfindinspirationifyouacceptthatthepainyougetfromfailurehelpsyoutogrow.Therearecertainthingsyouwillnotunderstanduntilyouhavehadachancetolivewiththem.Forexample,youwouldnotknowwhatitfeelsliketoloseajobunlessyouhadlostonebefore.40.　　　　Thatistheessenceoflife. Failureshouldneverbeconsideredassomethingpermanent.Itshouldneverbeseenastheend,butratherthebeginningofanewwayoflookingatlife.A.Painhelpsyougrow.B.Acceptthateveryonefails.C.Itisjustatemporarysetback(挫折).D.Thisgivesyouachancetoexamineyourlife.E.Youcanusethefollowingtipstofindinspirationafterfailure.F.Whenyoustoptheblamegameandtakeresponsibility,youaregrowing.G.Weonlylearnthefeelingoflosingalovedoneafterwehavelostalovedone.第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwillneverforgettheyearIwasabouttwelveyearsold.Mymothertoldusthatwewouldnotbe　41　Christmasgiftsbecausetherewasnotenoughmoney.Ifeltsadandthought,“WhatwouldIsaywhentheotherkidsaskedwhatI’d　42　?”JustwhenIstartedto　43　thattherewouldnotbeaChristmasthatyear,threewomenturnedupatourhousewithgiftsforallofus.Formetheybroughtadoll.Ifeltsuchasenseof　44　thatIwouldnolongerhavetobeembarrassedwhenIreturnedtoschool.Iwasn’tforgotten.Somebodyhadthought　45　ofmetobringmeagift.  Yearslater,whenIstoodinthekitchenofmynewhouse,thinkinghowIwantedtomakemyfirstChristmastherespecialandmemorable,I　46　rememberedthewomen’svisit.IdecidedthatIwantedtocreatethatsamefeelingof　47　forasmanychildrenasIcouldpossiblyreach. SoI　48　aplanandgatheredfortypeoplefrommycompanytohelp.Wegatheredabout125orphans(孤儿)attheChristmasparty.Foreverychild,wewrappedcolourfulpackagesfilledwithtoys,clothes,andschoolsupplies,　49　withachild’sname.Wewantedallofthemtoknowtheywere　50　.BeforeIcalledouttheirnamesandhandedthemtheirgifts,I　51　themthattheycouldn’topentheirpresentsuntileverychildhadcomeforward.Finallythe　52　theyhadbeenwaitingforcameasIcalledout,“One,two,three.Openyourpresents!”Asthechildrenopenedtheirpackages,theirfacesbeamedandtheirbrightsmiles　53　uptheroom.Thejoyintheroomwasobvious,and　54　wasn’tjustabouttoys.Itwasafeeling—thefeelingIknew　55　thatChristmassolongagowhenthewomencametovisit.Iwasn’tforgotten.Somebodythoughtofme.Imatter. 41.A.sendingB.receivingC.makingD.exchanging42.A.foundB.preparedC.gotD.expected43.A.doubtB.hopeC.suggestD.accept44.A.reliefB.lossC.achievementD.justice45.A.highlyB.littleC.poorlyD.enough46.A.hardlyB.instantlyC.regularlyD.occasionally47.A.strengthB.independenceC.importanceD.safety48.A.keptupwithB.caughtupwithC.cameupwithD.putupwith 49.A.noneB.fewC.someD.each50.A.fineB.specialC.helpfulD.normal51.A.remindedB.guaranteedC.convincedD.promised52.A.chanceB.giftC.momentD.reward53.A.litB.tookC.burnedD.cheered54.A.itB.suchC.somethingD.everybody55.A.byB.tillC.forD.from第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasonceagainshoweditsabilitytochangetheworldwithits“fournewgreat56.　　　　(invent)”—high-speedrail,mobilepayment,sharedbicycle,andonlineshopping. China’snew-generationhigh-speedtrain,theFuxing,isnowoneofthe57.　　　　(fast)trainsintheworld,whichcantravelataspeedof350km/h.Besideshigh-speedrail,China58.　　　　(improve)people’slivesinmanyotherinnovativewaysoverthelastdecade. Bikesharing,forexample,isnotnewitself.ButChinahasmade59.　　　　muchmoreconvenientandpopularbothinChina60.　　　　overseas.LeadingChinesebike-sharingcompaniesarenowoperatinginforeigncountriessuchasSingaporeandBritain. AndbackinChina,whenridingasharedbike,youcanstop61.　　　　(buy)andeatwhateveryouwant62.　　　　(simple)withatapofyourphone.Youcouldeasilypaywithyoursmartphoneby63.　　　　(scan)theseller’sQRcode.Mobilepaymenthasgrownintoa64.　　　　(choose)forChinesepeople—evenapancakesellerisusingit. Besides,thefourinnovativewaysoflifearemostappealing65.　　　　youthsfromothercountries,andtheywishtheircountrieswouldgofurtherintermsoftechnological achievement. 第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,你的美国朋友John对中国的西湖很感兴趣,请根据下列提示给他写一封信,介绍西湖。内容包括以下几个方面:(1)西湖是杭州的标志性景点。西湖历史悠久,风景秀丽。(2)西湖有古老的传说《白蛇传》等,近几年来游览西湖的游客数量猛增,旅游收入大大增加。注意:(1)词数80左右;(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Amotherisapersonwho,seeingthereareonlyfourpiecesofpieforfivepeople,promptlyannouncessheneverdidcareforpie.—TennevaJordanIknewIwasnotsupposedtobesoexcited.Iwastoooldforthat.Atageeleven,theoldestandmymum’s“grown-up”girl,Ihadtokeepmycool.Iwasinmiddleschoolafterall.ButeverychanceIgot,whenIwasalone,Icheckedeachpresentunderthetree.Ireadeverytagandfelteverypackage,guessingatthecontentswithin.IhadexaminedeachgiftsooftenthatIcouldtellwhichpresentwenttowhichpersonwithoutevenlookingatthetags.Ithadbeenatoughyearformyfamily.Whenevermymumlookedoveratthetreeandscattered(撒)presents,shewouldsighandwarnus,“Therewon’tbeasmuchforChristmasthisyear.Trynottobedisappointed.”Christmashadtraditionallybeenatimeformyparentstospoilus.Inyearspast,thepresentswouldpileupandspilloutfromunderthetree,takingoverthelivingroom.Ihadheardthephrase“givingisbetterthanreceiving”,butthoughtthatwhoeverhadsaidthatmusthavebeenoutoftheirmind.Gettingpresentswasthewholepoint!ItwasthereasonIcouldn’tgettosleeponChristmasEve.OnChristmasmorning,weeagerlywaitedinthehallwayuntildadtolduseverythingwas ready.Werushedintothelivingroomandletthewrappingpaperfly.Wemadeweakattemptstowaitandwatchwhileotherfamilymembersopenedtheirpresents,butasthetimepassedwelostourself-control.“Here’sanotheroneforyou,”saidmumasshehandedmeapackage.Ilookedatit,confused.HavingspentsomuchtimeexaminingthepresentsbeforeChristmas,Irecognisedthisone.Butithadnotbeenmine.Itwasmymum’s.Anewlabelhadbeenputonit,withmynamewritteninmymother’shandwriting.“Mum,Ican’t...”注意:(1)续写词数应为150左右;(2)请按如下格式作答。Iwasstoppedbymymother’seager,joyfullook.  IhavealwaysrememberedthatChristmasfondly.   参考答案与试题解析第一部分听力第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHereareseveralgreatcastlesinBavariaofGermany.VesteCoburgTheVesteCoburginOberfrankenisoneofthemostawesome(令人敬畏的)castlesinBavaria.Itwasbuiltinthe11thcentury.MartinLutheractuallylivedhereinthe1530sforsixmonths.YouwillalsofindsamplesofgreatBavarianwoodworkhere.BurgzuBurghausenThelargestcastleinEuropeisrightinBavaria—BurgzuBurghausen.Builtinthe13thcentury,thecastleisover3,300feetlong.Avisitherewilltakeyoubacktomedieval(中世纪的)timesandeverycastlehunterlikesit.ResidenzinMunichMunichhasoneofthefinestGermancastlestobefoundinBavaria.TheResidenz,asitisknown,wasthehomeoftheWittelsbachfamily,andKingLudwigⅡ(1845-1886)ofBavariaspentalotoftimehereasachild.Thepalaceisamust-seeonanytriptoBavaria.NeuesSchlossInWagner’sBayreuth(thecomposersettleshereinhislateryears),youcanfindNeuesSchloss.Builtin1753and1754,thepalacehasbeautifulwoodwork.IfyouenjoytheRococostyleofarchitecture,youdonotwanttomissthiscastle.KingLudwigⅡ’sCastlesTherearethreeothercastlesinBavariathatareknownas“KingLudwigⅡ’sCastles”.TheyareLinderhofPalace,SchlossHerrenchiemseeandSchlossNeuschwanstein.Thesecastlesaremasterpieces,eventhoughtwoofthethreewereevenneverfinished.KingLudwigbuilttheseawesomecastleswhichinspireyourimagination.21.Comparedtotheothercastlesmentionedinthepassage,whatisspecialforBurgzuBurghausen?A.Strangest.B.Oldest.C.Largest.D.Tallest.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段首句“ThelargestcastleinEuropeisrightinBavaria—Burgzu Burghausen.”可知,这座城堡是全欧洲最大的,而其他城堡都在德国,属于欧洲,故这座城堡比文章中提到的其他城堡都要大。故选C。答案:C22.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriterseemtoagreewith?A.ThecastleNeuesSchlossisamust-seeonanytriptoBavaria.B.ThecastleNeuesSchlossinspiredmanypiecesofWagner’smusic.C.ThecastleNeuesSchlossismostfamousforitsbeautifulwoodwork.D.ThecastleNeuesSchlosswillattractpeoplefondoftheRococostyleofarchitecture.解析:细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“IfyouenjoytheRococostyleofarchitecture,youdonotwanttomissthiscastle.”可知答案。故选D。答案:D23.WhatcanwelearnaboutKingLudwigⅡfromthepassage?A.Helackedwillpower.B.Helackedimagination.C.Helikedbuildingcastles.D.Hewasaverypoorking.解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段首句“TherearethreeothercastlesinBavariathatareknownas‘KingLudwigⅡ’sCastles’.”可知,KingLudwigⅡ建了三座城堡,由此可判断出他很喜欢建城堡。故选C。答案:CBTheLeaningTowerofPisanolongerleansquitesomuchaftera￡20millionprojecttosaveitwashailedacompletesuccessyesterday.Thetower,whichwasonthevergeofcollapse,hasbeenstraightenedby18inchesreturningittoits1838position.Thetower,whichhasbeenleaningalmostsincebuildingworkfirstbeganin1173,wasclosedtothepublicin1990becauseofsafetyfears.The183-foottowerwasnearly15feetoffvertical(垂直线)anditsstructurewasfoundtohavebeenweakenedbycenturiesofstrain.ThelastattemptatstraighteningthetowerwascarriedoutunderordersfromBenitoMussolini,whowantedittobeperfectlyvertical.Concretewaspouredintothefoundations,buttheresultwasthatthetowersankfurtherintothesoil.Thestraighteningworkinvolvedtheextractionofaround70tonsofearthfromthenorthernsideofthetower,causingittosinkonthatside.Beforethediggingstarted,thetowerwas anchoredwithsteelcablesand600tonsofleadweights.However,halfwaythroughtheproject,concernsattheuglinessoftheweightsledtotheirremovalandthetowerlurched(倾斜)dramatically.“Inonenight,thetowermovedmorethanithadaveragedinanentireyear,”saidProf.Borland.Theweightswerehastilyreattached. Thetower’sstoneworkhasalsobeenrestoredandtouristscanclearlyseethedifferencebetweenitslevelsoflimestoneandmarble.“Ifwehadnotsteppedin,thetowerwouldhavecollapsedbetween2030and2040,”saidSalvatoreSettees,thepresidentoftherescuecommittee.“Thisiscrucialforthetower’sstabilityanditwasatotallyItaliansuccess.”TheItaliangovernmentsteppedinafteratowercollapsedinPaviain1989,killingfourpeople.24.Whywasthetowerclosedtothepublicin1990?A.Itwasdestroyed.B.Itwasmoved.　C.Itwasindangerandalsodangerous.D.EverytowerinItalywasclosedthen.解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Thetower,whichhasbeenleaningalmostsincebuildingworkfirstbeganin1173,wasclosedtothepublicin1990becauseofsafetyfears.”可知,塔自从修建之初就开始倾斜,出于安全考量,官方决定对公众关闭。故选C。答案:C25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theirremoval”inparagraph6referto?A.Removalofconcerns.B.Removalofthetower.C.Removalofugliness.D.Removalofleadpieces.解析:细节理解题。根据第五段和第六段可知,为保证塔不倒塌,在挖掘开始前,塔用钢丝绳和铅块固定,然而在工程进行到中途时,由于一些人对铅块的丑陋感到不满,铅块被撤掉,造成塔身突然发生倾斜。故选D。答案:D26.Whichsideofitsfoundationmaythetowerleantoaccordingtothepassage?A.South.B.West.C.North.D.East.解析:推理判断题。根据第五段中“Thestraighteningworkinvolvedtheextractionofaround70tonsofearthfromthenorthernsideofthetower,causingittosinkonthatside.”可知,施工者要使塔向北边下沉,可见塔本身是向南倾斜的。故选A。答案:A27.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE? A.A20millionprojectstraightenedthetowervertical.B.Thetowerhasbeenstraightenedwhereitwasin1838.C.Concretepouredintothefoundationsworkedinthestraighteningwork.D.Thetowermaycollapsebetween2030and2040.解析:推理判断题。在第一段末句可以找到答案B(回归到了1838年时的位置);A错,此项工程并未“扶得笔直”;C错,第四段说人们将混凝土灌入塔基,却造成了斜塔的进一步下陷;D错,塔在2030-2040年间倒塌只是一种假设(倒数第二段第一句用了虚拟语气)。故选B。答案:BCMeetingpeoplefromanotherculturecanbedifficult.Fromthebeginning,peoplemaysendthewrongsignal.Ortheymaypaynoattentiontosignalsfromanotherpersonwhoistryingtodeveloparelationship.Differentculturesemphasise(强调)theimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Evenwithpeopleatwork,itisnecessarytospendalotoftimein“smalltalk”,usuallyoveraglassoftea,beforetheydoanyjob.InmanyEuropeancountries—liketheUKorFrance—peoplefinditeasiertobuildupalastingworkingrelationshipatrestaurantsorcafésratherthanattheoffice.Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailand.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivelydiscussion;instead,therewasanuncomfortablesilence.Thepeoplepresentjuststaredatmeandsmiled.Aftergettingtoknowtheirwaysbetter,IrealisedthattheythoughtIwastalkingtoomuch.Inmyownculture,weexpressmeaningmainlythroughwords,butpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsareunnecessary.EvenwithinNorthernEurope,culturaldifferencescancauseseriousproblems.Certainly,EnglishandGermanculturessharesimilarvalues;however,Germansprefertogetdowntobusinessmorequickly.Wethinkthattheyarerude.Infact,thisisjustbecausetheculturestartsdiscussionsandmakesdecisionsmorequickly.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvalues,andsometimesthesevaluesarequiteagainsteachother.However,ifwecanunderstandthembetter,amulticulturalenvironmentwillofferawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother.28.Insomecountries,eatingtogetheratrestaurantsmaymakeiteasierforpeopleto　　　　. A.developcloserrelationsB.sharethesamecultureC.gettoknoweachotherD.keepeachothercompany解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...peoplefinditeasiertobuildupalastingworkingrelationshipatrestaurantsorcafésratherthanatthe office.”可知,在餐馆吃饭或在咖啡厅喝咖啡比在办公室更容易建立永久的工作关系。故选A。答案:A29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“multicultural”inthelastparagraphmean?A.本地的B.多元文化的C.彼此的D.单一的解析:词义猜测题。根据末段首句“Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvalues...”以及文章出现的“differentcultures”可知,此处画线词的意思是“多元文化的”。故选B。答案:B30.Accordingtothepassage,howcanpeoplefromdifferentculturesunderstandeachotherbetter?A.Bysharingdifferentwaysoflife.B.Byacceptingdifferenthabits.C.Byrecognisingdifferentvalues.D.Byspeakingeachother’slanguages.解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However,ifwecanunderstandthembetter,amulticulturalenvironmentwillofferawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother.”可知,互相认可彼此的价值观才能互相理解。故选C。答案:C31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.MulticulturalEnvironmentB.Cross-CulturalDifferencesC.HowtoUnderstandEachOtherD.HowtoBuildUpaRelationship解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了不同文化之间的差异,并说明了要加强理解和认识。Cross-CulturalDifferences做标题比较合适。故选B。答案:BDAustraliahasbecomeoneofthemostattractivecountriesfortourismintheworldandthereasonsaresimple:ForalongtimetraditionaltouristdestinationssuchasEurope,theUSA,England,andmanyothers,usedtoattracttouristsfortheirhistory,architecture,shopping,beauty,beachesanddevelopment.MeanwhileAustraliawasconsideredtoofarandexpensivetogo,exceptforAsianresidents.Withtheworldchangingsignificantly,fewplacesareleftuntouchedtoday.TravellinginAustraliaiseasy,safe,andAustraliaisfulloffantasticplacestovisit.Asadevelopedcountry,Australiaofferswhatisnecessaryforanytravellers.Ifyoujustwanttovisit citiesandgoshopping,youwillhavecitieswiththebestqualityoflifeintheworld.Ifyouwanttogoforsportsandhaveplentyoffun,youwillhaveaballoverhere.Theadventures,thecomfort,thefun,arejustwaitingforyou.Ifyouhaveaverylimitedtime,wesuggestyouhavealookatourpagewherewepresentsomesuggestionsforwhatcanbedoneinjustafewdays’trip.Threemonthswouldn’tbeenoughtoknowAustraliaverywell.Thecountryissobigthateventodaytherearelandsneverfoot-steppedyet.Ofcoursemostcan’tseethewholecountryatonce.Thebestwaytodoitistomakeaplanforcities,landscapes,nationalparks,smalltownsandculturalplaces.Otherwiseyoumayspendhoursandhoursonaroadwithoutanyattractionsinsteadofdoingthesametrajectory(轨迹)byplanesavingtimeandmoney.Asissaidabove,travellinginAustraliaisveryeasy,andyoudon’tneedtoworrytoomuchaboutreservationsexceptintheholidayperiodsandduringsomeschoolbreakswhenyoumayfindfeweroptions,orifyouaregoingtodosomepartsbyplane.Accommodationofalllevelsandpricesisalsoplentiful,anddependsontheplaceyougo.32.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.ToshowtravellinginAustraliaiseasyandsafe.B.ToshowAustraliaisthebestcountry.C.Tosharehistravellingexperience.D.TointroducethetourismofAustralia.解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了去澳大利亚旅游的理由,并介绍了在澳大利亚旅游时的住宿和交通等。故选D。答案:D33.ManytouriststurntheireyestoAustralia　　　　. A.becausetheytakeaninterestinthewonderfularchitectureB.becausetheyperhapslikeadventureandexcitementC.becausetheyarelongingforthehistoryofthelandD.becausetheywanttofollowthelatestdevelopment解析:细节理解题。由第一段中的最后两句“MeanwhileAustraliawasconsideredtoofarandexpensivetogo,exceptforAsianresidents.Withtheworldchangingsignificantly,fewplacesareleftuntouchedtoday.”可知,澳大利亚成为人们喜欢去旅游的地方,主要是因为那儿有可以探险的地方。故选B。答案:B34.WhiletravellinginAustraliayouwillfind　　　　. A.thecountryisconvenientforyouinmanywaysB.thecountrycanofferyoukindsofhigh-qualitygoodsC.youwillfallinlovewithdifferentsportsatonceD.youwillhaveenoughtimetovisitthefantasticplaces解析:细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Asadevelopedcountry,Australiaofferswhatisnecessaryfor anytravellers.”可知,澳大利亚的生活很方便。故选A。答案:A35.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphimply?A.Bigcitiesattractmostofthetourists.B.Agoodplanisbeneficialtoyourtrip.C.Makingaplanwillcostyoumuchtime.D.You’dbetterhaveaself-drivingtrip.解析:段落大意题。由文章第三段的“Thebestwaytodoitistomakeaplanforcities,landscapes...savingtimeandmoney.”可知,本段主要告诉读者制订一个好的计划对在澳大利亚旅游有很多好处。故选B。答案:B第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsonFindingInspirationafterFailureThegoodthingaboutfailureisthatitisactuallynottheend.36.　　　 Acceptyourweaknesses.Everyhumanbeinghasweaknesses.Thefirstthingyouneedtodoafterfailingistoacceptthatithashappenedtoyoubecausefailurehappenstohumanbeings.Acceptingthishelpsyoutoacceptthatthisisnotareflectionofyourlifeasawhole.37.　　　 Seethelesson.Thebiggestthingyoucantakefromfailureisthelessonithastaughtyou.38.Ifthereareanyweaknessesyouneedtoaddress,youwillonlybeabletoseethemafterdoingthissoulsearching.TherearemanylessonsIwouldneverhavelearnedifIhadnotfailed.39.　　　　Youwillfindinspirationifyouacceptthatthepainyougetfromfailurehelpsyoutogrow.Therearecertainthingsyouwillnotunderstanduntilyouhavehadachancetolivewiththem.Forexample,youwouldnotknowwhatitfeelsliketoloseajobunlessyouhadlostonebefore.40.　　　　Thatistheessenceoflife. Failureshouldneverbeconsideredassomethingpermanent.Itshouldneverbeseenastheend,butratherthebeginningofanewwayoflookingatlife.A.Painhelpsyougrow.B.Acceptthateveryonefails.C.Itisjustatemporarysetback(挫折).D.Thisgivesyouachancetoexamineyourlife.E.Youcanusethefollowingtipstofindinspirationafterfailure.F.Whenyoustoptheblamegameandtakeresponsibility,youaregrowing.G.Weonlylearnthefeelingoflosingalovedoneafterwehavelostalovedone. 36.解析:上文讲了失败并不是结束,下文讲失败后你应该怎么做,所以此处需要填一个过渡句。故选E。答案:E37.解析:根据上文的“Acceptingthishelpsyoutoacceptthatthisisnotareflectionofyourlifeasawhole.”可知,承认这一点会帮助你接受这不是你整个生活的反映。此处承接上文说的是“它仅仅是一个暂时的挫折”。故选C。答案:C38.解析:结合本段的主题句“Seethelesson.”可知,D项“这给了你审视你生活的机会”符合语境。故选D。答案:D39.解析:根据下文的“...ifyouacceptthatthepainyougetfromfailurehelpsyoutogrow.”可知,本段主要介绍了痛苦能帮助你成长。故选A。答案:A40.解析:根据上文的“Forexample,youwouldnotknowwhatitfeelsliketoloseajobunlessyouhadlostonebefore.”可知,此处是在举例阐明上述观点“Therearecertainthingsyouwillnotunderstanduntilyouhavehadachancetolivewiththem.”而G项也是一个例子,与上文意义一致。故选G。答案:G第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwillneverforgettheyearIwasabouttwelveyearsold.Mymothertoldusthatwewouldnotbe　41　Christmasgiftsbecausetherewasnotenoughmoney.Ifeltsadandthought,“WhatwouldIsaywhentheotherkidsaskedwhatI’d　42　?”JustwhenIstartedto　43　thattherewouldnotbeaChristmasthatyear,threewomenturnedupatourhousewithgiftsforallofus.Formetheybroughtadoll.Ifeltsuchasenseof　44　thatIwouldnolongerhavetobeembarrassedwhenIreturnedtoschool.Iwasn’tforgotten.Somebodyhadthought　45　ofmetobringmeagift. Yearslater,whenIstoodinthekitchenofmynewhouse,thinkinghowIwantedtomakemyfirstChristmastherespecialandmemorable,I　46　rememberedthewomen’svisit.IdecidedthatIwantedtocreatethatsamefeelingof　47　forasmanychildrenasIcouldpossiblyreach. SoI　48　aplanandgatheredfortypeoplefrommycompanytohelp.Wegatheredabout125orphans(孤儿)attheChristmasparty.Foreverychild,wewrappedcolourfulpackagesfilledwithtoys,clothes,andschoolsupplies,　49　withachild’sname.Wewantedallofthemtoknowtheywere　50　.BeforeIcalledouttheirnamesandhandedthemtheirgifts,I　51　 themthattheycouldn’topentheirpresentsuntileverychildhadcomeforward.Finallythe　52　theyhadbeenwaitingforcameasIcalledout,“One,two,three.Openyourpresents!”Asthechildrenopenedtheirpackages,theirfacesbeamedandtheirbrightsmiles　53　uptheroom.Thejoyintheroomwasobvious,and　54　wasn’tjustabouttoys.Itwasafeeling—thefeelingIknew　55　thatChristmassolongagowhenthewomencametovisit.Iwasn’tforgotten.Somebodythoughtofme.Imatter. 41.A.sendingB.receivingC.makingD.exchanging解析:由上文可知,还是小孩子的“我”,在圣诞节来临时,应该是收到礼物。故选B。答案:B42.A.foundB.preparedC.gotD.expected解析:联系上下文,此处表达的意思是别人问“我”收到了什么礼物。故选C。答案:C43.A.doubtB.hopeC.suggestD.accept解析:联系上下文,推断此处表达的意思是:“我”开始接受那年圣诞节不会收到礼物的现实。accept接受,其他三个选项意思都不符合。故选D。答案:D44.A.reliefB.lossC.achievementD.justice解析:根据下文“IwouldnolongerhavetobeembarrassedwhenIreturnedtoschool”可以推断出此处是表示“我”解脱了。故选A。答案:A45.A.highlyB.littleC.poorlyD.enough解析:联系上下文,首先排除B、C;thinkhighlyofsb的意思是“对某人评价很高”。此处根据作者前面的心态可知选择enough,表示有人关心自己。故选D。答案:D46.A.hardlyB.instantlyC.regularlyD.occasionally解析:联系上下文可知当时作者那种激动的心情,所以应该是立即就想到了那三位女士的来访。故选B。答案:B47.A.strengthB.independenceC.importanceD.safety 解析:根据第一段中描述的“我”那次收到圣诞节礼物的感慨和此刻的心情,“我”也想尽可能让更多的孩子体会到同样的重要性。故选C。答案:C48.A.keptupwithB.caughtupwithC.cameupwithD.putupwith解析:从上一段可以推断,是“我”提出了(cameupwith)一个让四十个人帮忙的计划。故选C。答案:C49.A.noneB.fewC.someD.each解析:根据作者的想法,应该是每个孩子都有自己的圣诞节礼物。故选D。答案:D50.A.fineB.specialC.helpfulD.normal解析:每个孩子都有属于自己的礼物,所以作者的意思是让孩子们知道他们每个人都是独一无二的。故选B。答案:B51.A.remindedB.guaranteedC.convincedD.promised解析:从下文的“One,two,three.Openyourpresents!”可知,此时在分发礼物时,“我”提醒每个人先不要打开礼物。故选A。答案:A52.A.chanceB.giftC.momentD.reward解析:大家等待拆礼物的时刻到来了。故选C。答案:C53.A.litB.tookC.burnedD.cheered解析:他们灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间,所以选择light的过去式lit。故选A。答案:A54.A.itB.suchC.somethingD.everybody解析:联系上下文可知,欢乐不仅仅是因为玩具。所以选择it,指代欢乐。故选A。答案:A55.A.byB.tillC.forD.from解析:联系上下文可知此处表示:“我”从很久以前的那次圣诞节获得的那种感受。故选D。 答案:D第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasonceagainshoweditsabilitytochangetheworldwithits“fournewgreat56.　　　　(invent)”—high-speedrail,mobilepayment,sharedbicycle,andonlineshopping. China’snew-generationhigh-speedtrain,theFuxing,isnowoneofthe57.　　　　(fast)trainsintheworld,whichcantravelataspeedof350km/h.Besideshigh-speedrail,China58.　　　　(improve)people’slivesinmanyotherinnovativewaysoverthelastdecade. Bikesharing,forexample,isnotnewitself.ButChinahasmade59.　　　　muchmoreconvenientandpopularbothinChina60.　　　　overseas.LeadingChinesebike-sharingcompaniesarenowoperatinginforeigncountriessuchasSingaporeandBritain. AndbackinChina,whenridingasharedbike,youcanstop61.　　　　(buy)andeatwhateveryouwant62.　　　　(simple)withatapofyourphone.Youcouldeasilypaywithyoursmartphoneby63.　　　　(scan)theseller’sQRcode.Mobilepaymenthasgrownintoa64.　　　　(choose)forChinesepeople—evenapancakesellerisusingit. Besides,thefourinnovativewaysoflifearemostappealing65.　　　　youthsfromothercountries,andtheywishtheircountrieswouldgofurtherintermsoftechnologicalachievement. 56.解析:句意:中国用其“新四大发明”——高速铁路、移动支付、共享单车和网上购物再次展示了它改变世界的能力。设空处前有形容词great修饰,应用名词形式,故填inventions。答案:inventions57.解析:句意:中国新一代高速列车“复兴号”,是现在世界上最快的火车之一,它可以以350千米/时的速度行驶。“oneofthe+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定用法,表示“最……的之一”,故填fastest。答案:fastest58.解析:句意:在过去的十年,除了高速铁路,中国以很多其他创新方式改善了人们的生活。根据句中的时间状语“overthelastdecade”可知,本句应用现在完成时;根据主谓一致的原则,China作主语,看作第三人称单数,故填hasimproved。答案:hasimproved59.解析:句意:但中国已经使它在中国和海外更方便和更受欢迎。设空处指代上一句提到的“Bikesharing”,作made的宾语,故填it。答案:it60.解析:bothinChinaandoverseas是固定用法,表示“在中国和海外”,故填and。答案:and61.解析:句意:回到中国,当骑共享单车的时候,你可以停下来去买和吃任何你想要的东西,只要点击一下手机就可以。stoptodosth表示“停下来去做某事”,符合语境,故填tobuy。 答案:tobuy62.解析:设空处修饰介词短语“withatapofyourphone”,应用副词,故填simply。答案:simply63.解析:句意:你可以用智能手机扫描卖家的二维码便可轻松支付。设空处在介词后作宾语,要用动词-ing形式,故填scanning。答案:scanning64.解析:句意:移动支付已成为中国人的一个选择。设空前有冠词a修饰,其后为介词for,应用名词形式,故填choice。答案:choice65.解析:句意:此外,这四种创新的生活方式对来自其他国家的年轻人最有吸引力。appealtosb固定搭配,表示“对某人有吸引力”,故填to。答案:to第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华,你的美国朋友John对中国的西湖很感兴趣,请根据下列提示给他写一封信,介绍西湖。内容包括以下几个方面:(1)西湖是杭州的标志性景点。西湖历史悠久,风景秀丽。(2)西湖有古老的传说《白蛇传》等,近几年来游览西湖的游客数量猛增,旅游收入大大增加。注意:(1)词数80左右;(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。答案:DearJohn,　　Learningthatyou’reinterestedintheWestLake,I’mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutit.　　TheWestLakeisaniconicattractionofHangzhou.Ithasalonghistoryandiswellknownforitsbeautifulscenery.TheLegendofWhiteSnakemakesitfamousinChina.Thenumberofvisitorshasincreasedrapidlytheseyears.Andpeopleherecanearnalotofmoneyfromtourism.TheWestLakewillattractmoreandmorevisitorsinthefuture.　　WelcometotheWestLake.Ibelieveyouwillhaveagoodtimethere.Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Amotherisapersonwho,seeingthereareonlyfourpiecesofpieforfivepeople,promptlyannouncessheneverdidcareforpie.—TennevaJordanIknewIwasnotsupposedtobesoexcited.Iwastoooldforthat.Atageeleven,theoldestandmymum’s“grown-up”girl,Ihadtokeepmycool.Iwasinmiddleschoolafterall.ButeverychanceIgot,whenIwasalone,Icheckedeachpresentunderthetree.Ireadeverytagandfelteverypackage,guessingatthecontentswithin.IhadexaminedeachgiftsooftenthatIcouldtellwhichpresentwenttowhichpersonwithoutevenlookingatthetags.Ithadbeenatoughyearformyfamily.Whenevermymumlookedoveratthetreeandscattered(撒)presents,shewouldsighandwarnus,“Therewon’tbeasmuchforChristmasthisyear.Trynottobedisappointed.”Christmashadtraditionallybeenatimeformyparentstospoilus.Inyearspast,thepresentswouldpileupandspilloutfromunderthetree,takingoverthelivingroom.Ihadheardthephrase“givingisbetterthanreceiving”,butthoughtthatwhoeverhadsaidthatmusthavebeenoutoftheirmind.Gettingpresentswasthewholepoint!ItwasthereasonIcouldn’tgettosleeponChristmasEve.OnChristmasmorning,weeagerlywaitedinthehallwayuntildadtolduseverythingwasready.Werushedintothelivingroomandletthewrappingpaperfly.Wemadeweakattemptstowaitandwatchwhileotherfamilymembersopenedtheirpresents,butasthetimepassedwelostourself-control.“Here’sanotheroneforyou,”saidmumasshehandedmeapackage.Ilookedatit,confused.HavingspentsomuchtimeexaminingthepresentsbeforeChristmas,Irecognisedthisone.Butithadnotbeenmine.Itwasmymum’s.Anewlabelhadbeenputonit,withmynamewritteninmymother’shandwriting.“Mum,Ican’t...”注意:(1)续写词数应为150左右;(2)请按如下格式作答。Iwasstoppedbymymother’seager,joyfullook.  IhavealwaysrememberedthatChristmasfondly.  答案:　　Iwasstoppedbymymother’seager,joyfullook.“Let’sseewhatitis,honey.Hurryandopenit.”Itwasablow-dryer.Thoughthismayseembutasimplegift,tomeitwassomuchmore. Beinganeleven-year-oldgirl,Iwasstunned.Inmyworld,wherereceivingoutweighedgivingbylightyears,mymum’sactofselflessnesswasincomprehensible.Itwasahugeact.TearsfilledmyeyesandIthoughtindisbeliefabouthowmuchmymummustlovemetogiveupherChristmassoIcouldhaveafewmorepresents. 　　IhavealwaysrememberedthatChristmasfondly.Ithadsuchanimpactonme.AsanadultwithchildreninmylifewhomIadore,Icannowunderstandmymum’sactions.Iseeactually,shewasnot“givingupherChristmas”asIhadthought,butwasfindinganevengreaterjoyinherChristmasbecausegivingtrulyisbetterthanreceiving.Mymum’ssimpleactmeanttheworldtome.WheneverIlookbackonmymum’sgiving,Iwillchoosetogiveinmylife.