人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit1单元综合能力测试卷时间：100分钟 满分：120分 选择题部分第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOnemorning，morethanahundredyearsago，anAmericaninventorcalledEliasHowefinallyfellasleep.Hehadbeenworkingallnightonthedesignofasewingmachinebuthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem：Itseemedimpossibletogetthethreadtorunsmoothlyaroundtheneedle.Thoughhewastired，Howesleptbadly.Heturnedandturned.Thenhehadadream.Hedreamtthathehadbeencaughtbyterriblesavageswhosekingwantedtokillhimandeathimunlesshecouldbuildaperfectsewingmachine.Whenhetriedtodoso，Howeranintothesameproblemasbefore.Thethreadkeptgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle.ThekingflewintothecageandorderedhissoldierstokillHowe.Theycameuptowardshimwiththeirspearsraised.Butsuddenlytheinventornoticedsomething.Therewasaholeinthetipofeachspear.Theinventorawokefromthedream，realizingthathehadjustfoundtheanswertotheproblem.Insteadoftryingtogetthethreadtorunaroundtheneedle，heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholeinthecentreoftheneedle.ThiswasthesimpleideathatfinallymadeHowedesignandbuildthefirstreallypractisedsewingmachine.EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.ThomasEdison，theinventoroftheelectriclight，saidhisbestideascameintohimindreams.SodidthegreatphysicistAlbertEinstein.CharlotteBrontealsodrewinherdreamsinwritingJaneEyre.Toknowthevalueofdreams，youhavetounderstandwhathappenswhenyouareasleep.Eventhen，apartofyourmindisstillworking.Thisunconscious(无意识的)，butstillactivepartunderstandsyourexperiencesandgoestoworkontheproblemsyouhavehadduringtheday.Itstoresallsortsofinformationthatyoumayhaveforgottenorneverhavereallynoticed.Itisonlywhenyoufallasleepthatthispartof第13页共13页,thebraincansendmessagestothepartyouusewhenyouareawake.However，theunconsciouspartactsinaspecialway.Itusesstrangeimageswhichtheconsciouspartmaynotunderstandatfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”．1．TheproblemHowewastryingtosolvewas．A．whatkindofthreadtouseB．howtodesignaneedlewhichwouldnotbreakC．wheretoputtheneedleD．howtopreventthethreadfromgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle2．ThomasEdisonisspokenofbecause．A．healsotriedtoinventasewingmachineB．hegotsomeofhisideasfromdreamsC．hewasoneofHowe'sbestfriendsD．healsohaddifficultyinfallingasleep3．Dreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”because．A．strangeimagesareusedtocommunicateideasB．imageswhichhavenomeaningareusedC．wecanneverunderstandtherealmeaningD．onlyspeciallytrainedpeoplecanunderstandthemBHereareafewthingstowatchoutforwhenyoumovesomewhereneworarereturninghomeafteralongtimeaway.Becarefulontheroad!ThefirstthingthatIdidwhenIgotoutoftheairportwastocrosstheroad，butIlookedthewrongway！IntheUKthecarsdriveonthelefthandsideoftheroadwhereasinSpaintheydriveontheright.IalmostgotrunoverbecauseIwasstillthinkingIwasinSpain.Youhavetobeverycareful.There'sanotherstrangeonefromtravellingontheroad.InMallorca，mostofthetime，pedestrians(行人)cancrosstheroadbywalkingontheroadwithoutstoppingandthecarwillstopforthem.IntheUK，however，youhavetobecarefultowaitfor第13页共13页,thecarstostoporelseyoumightendupinthehospitalveryquickly!Drinkwater.InSpain，mostpeoplebuylargebottlesofwatertodrink.IntheUKthefiltering(过滤)ofthewatermeansthatyoucandrinkstraightfromthetap.OnmyfirstnightbackIforgotthatIcoulddrinkwaterfromthetapsandspentthenightwishingIhadabottleofwater.WhenIwokeup，IrealizedhowsillyIhadbeen.Timeisdifferent.InSpainthereisasmallbreakduringthedaytohaveanapfortherestoftheday.YoualsomightonlythinkaboutgoingoutforadrinkwithfriendsinSpainat11p．m.IntheUKthatisalreadypastthebedtime!4．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A．TheauthorisusedtolivinginSpain.B．TheauthorhopestoreturntoMallorcasoon.C．Theauthordoesn'tlikethelifeintheUKatall.D．Theauthorcan'tlookafterhimselfwell.5．WhywastheauthoralmostrunoverintheUK?A．Hewascrossinganunfamiliarroad.B．Hewasthinkinginthemiddleoftheroad.C．Hewaslookingthewrongwayontheroad.D．Hewasrunningontherighthandsideoftheroad.6．ComparedwiththetrafficintheUK，trafficinMallorcaforpedestriansismore．A．dangerousB．importantC．crowdedD．secure7．Onthefirstnightbackhome，theauthor．A．dranksomewaterfromthetapB．hadabigmealinarestaurantC．boughtabottleofwaterD．didn'tdrinkwateratallCFlorenceNightingalewasborninarichfamily.Whenshewasyoung，shetook第13页共13页,lessonsinmusicanddrawing，andreadgreatbooks.Shealsotravelledagreatdealwithhermotherandfather.Asachild，shefeltthatvisitingsickpeoplewasbothadutyandapleasure.Sheenjoyedhelpingthem.Atlast，hermindwasmadeup.“I'mgoingtobeanurse，”shedecided.“Nursingisn'ttherightworkforalady，”herfathertoldher.“ThenIwillmakeitso，”shesmiled.AndshewenttolearnnursinginGermanyandFrance.WhenshereturnedtoEngland，Florencestartedanursinghomeforwomen.DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854，shewentwithagroupofthirtyeightnursestothefronthospital.Whattheysawtherewasterrible.Dirtanddeathwereeverywheretobeseenandsmelled.Theofficertheredidnotwantanywomantotellhimhowtorunahospital，either.Butthebravenurseswenttowork.Florenceusedherownmoneyandsomefromfriendstobuyclothes，beds，medicinesandfoodforthemen.Heronlypaywasthesmilesfromthelipsofdyingsoldiers.Buttheyweremorethanenoughforthiskindwoman.Afterwar，shereturnedtoEnglandandwashonouredforherservicebyQueenVictoria.ButFlorencesaidthatherworkhadjustbegun.SheraisedmoneytobuildtheNightingaleHomeforNursesinLondon.Shealsowroteabookonpublichealth，whichwasprintedinseveralcountries.FlorenceNightingalepassedawayattheageofninety，stilltryingtoserveothersthroughherworkasanurse.Indeed，itisbecauseofherthatwehonournursestoday.8．DuringtheCrimeanWarin1854，Florenceservedinthefronthospitalwhere．A．sheearnedalotofmoneyB．workwasverydifficultC．fewsoldiersdiedbecauseofherworkD．shedidn'thaveenoughfoodandclothes9．WhywasFlorencehonouredbyQueenVictoria?A．BecauseshebuilttheNightingaleHomeforNurses.B．Becauseofheroldage.第13页共13页,C．Becausesheworkedasanurseallherlife.D．BecauseshedidagreatdealofworkduringtheCrimeanWar.10．Thepassagecanbebestdescribedas．A．thelifestoryofafamouswomanB．adescriptionofthenursingworkC．anexampleofsuccessfuleducationD．thehistoryofnursinginEngland11．Whenshewasachild，Florence．A．wroteabookonpublichealthB．knewwhatherdutyinlifewasC．lovedtohelpthesickpeopleD．wasmostinterestedinmusicanddrawingDJohnvonNeumannwastheoldestof3childrenofabanker，andhisspeedoflearningnewideasandofsolvingproblemsstoodoutearly.At17，hisfathertriedtopersuadehimnottobecomeamathematicianbecausehemayleadapoorlifebeingamathematician，andsovonNeumannagreedtostudychemistryaswell.In1926，at23，hereceivedadegreeinchemicalengineeringandaPh.D.inmathematics.Fromthenon，mathematicsprovidedwellenoughforhim，andheneverhadtoturntochemistry.In1930，vonNeumannvisitedPrincetonUniversityforayearandthenbecameaprofessorthere.Hisfirstbookwaspublishedin1932.In1933，theInstituteforAdvancedStudywasformed，andhebecameoneofthe6fulltimepeople(Einsteinwasoneoftheothers)intheSchoolofMathematics.WorldWarⅡhugelychangedvonNeumann'sareasofinterest.Until1940hehadbeenagreatpure(纯粹的)mathematician.Duringandafterthewar，hebecameoneofthebestmathematicianswhoputmathematicstheoriesintopractice.Duringthelastpartofthewarhebecameinterestedincomputingmachinesandmadeseveralfundamentalcontributions.Afterthewar，vonNeumanncontinuedhisworkwithcomputers，andwasgenerallyveryactiveingovernmentservice.Hereceivedmanyawards，waspresidentoftheAmericanMathematicalSocietyandwasamemberof第13页共13页,theAtomicEnergyCommission.Hediedin1957ofcancer.VonNeumannmadeseveralgreatcontributionsandanyoneofthemwouldhavebeenenoughtoearnhimafirmplacehistory.Hewillberememberedasoneofthegreatestmindsofthe20thcentury.VonNeumannreallywasalegend(传奇)inhisowntime，andthereareanumberofstoriesabouthim.Hisdrivingabilityisapartofthislegend.Hereportedoneaccidentthisway，“Iwasdrivingdowntheroad.Thetreesontherightwerepassingmeinanorderlyfashionat60milesperhour.Suddenlyoneofthemsteppedinmypath.”12．VonNeumannpublishedhisfirstbookattheageof．A．23 B．26 C．29 D．3213．HowdidWorldWarⅡaffectJohnvonNeumann?A．Herealizedtheimportanceofengineering.B．Hebegantoresearchhowtoputmathematicsintopractice.C．Heleftcollegeandservedatthegovernmentdepartment.D．Helostinterestinchemistry.14．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofvonNeumann?A．Hehadthreechildren.B．Hediedfromanaccident.C．Hereceivedmanyawardsinhislife.D．HeandEinsteinwereclassmatesinPrincetonUniversity.15．Accordingtothetext，vonNeumann'sfatherbelievedthat．A．amathematiciancouldn'tearnalotofmoneyB．amathematicianneededagoodmemoryC．vonNeumannhadtheabilitytolearntwosubjectsatthesametimeD．vonNeumannhadagiftforsolvingproblemsatahighspeed第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Noonelikestofail.Whetherit'satwork，athome，orinanotherareaofyourlife，failureispainfulanditcanalsobecostlyintermsoftime，money，orboth.1第13页共13页,Ifyouneversufferafailure，thenyou'reprobablynotpushingyourselftoyourfullpotential.Thefollowingaresometipsonhowtopickyourselfupafteryou'vefailed.Rememberthatotherpeoplefailtoo.2They'lltellyouaboutthatgreatnewcontracttheysigned，notthedealthatfailedeventuallythoughtheyworkedonitformonths.Butfailureisnormal，andlotsofpeoplefailtimeandtimeagainbeforemeetingwithsuccess.Remindyourselfofyourpastsuccesses.Failingdoesn'tmeanthatyou'reworthless，orthatyou'llneverachievethethingsyouwant.3Maybeyouhadhighmarkslastterm，oryoulostweight，oryoulearnedtoplayamusicalinstrument.Youmightwanttowritedownalistofsuccesses—thingsthatyou'veaccomplishedoverthepastfewyears，whetherbigorsmall.Ifyoueverlackconfidence，youcangobackandreadoverthatlist.4Yourpastsuccessesareimportant，butsoareyourpastfailures.You'vemademistakesbefore，andyou'vesurvivedthem.Perhapsyoudidbadlyinanexam，orlostyourtemperandhadtoapologize.It'snotfuntothinkaboutthetimeswhenthingswentwrong，butbyacknowledgingyourfailures，youcanremindyourselfthattodayisnodifferent.Justasyourecoveredinthepast，youcanrecoverfromyourrecentfailuretoo.5Whateverwentwrong，you'reprobablyfacingsomesortofdecision.Don'trushintomakinghastydecision，butdolookforaforwardpath.Thatmightrequiresomedeepthinking.A．Makeadecision.B．Limitthedamagecaused.C．Remindyourselfofyourpastfailures.D．However，failureisanormalpartoflife.E．Getsomeadviceandsupportfromothers.F．Mostpeopledon'ttalkopenlyabouttheirfailures.G．Thinkofallthetimesinthepastwhenyou'vesucceeded.第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)第13页共13页,阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Doyouthinkyouhavewhatittakestobeasuccessfulscientist？Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull1ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn'tacceptideaswhicharenotbasedonobviousfacts，andtherefore2toacceptauthorityastheonlyreasonfortruth.Healwayschecksideas3andmakesexperimentstoprovethem.Theriseofmodernsciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto4asfarbackasthetimeofRogerBacon，thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford，wholivedbetweentheyears1214and1292.HewasprobablythefirstintheMiddleAgesto5thatweshouldlearnsciencebyobservingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus，andhehimself6manyimportanttruths.Galileo(1564－1642)，however，wholivedmorethan300yearslater，wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmeninItaly，France，Germany，andEngland，7begantoshowhowmanyimportanttruthscouldbediscoveredbyobservationbydegrees.BeforeGalileo，learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore8towardstheearththansmallones，9Aristotlesaidso.ButGalileo，goingtothetopoftheLeaningTowerofPisa，letfalltwo10stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItisGalileo's11ofgoingdirecttonature，andprovingouropinionsandtheoriesbyexperiment，thathas12allthediscoveriesofmodernscience.What13thosepeoplegoodscientists？FromtheexampleofGalileo，weknow14thatsuccessfulscientistsarethosewhoseobservationshave15betterresults.1．A.use B．senseC．speedD．trust2．A.refusesB．desiresC．intendsD．regrets3．A.casuallyB．carefullyC．quicklyD．privately4．A.dateB．keepC．lookD．come5．A.commandB．suspect第13页共13页,C．suggestD．conclude6．A.broughtB．discoveredC．handledD．announced7．A.whoB．whenC．thatD．where8．A.slowlyB．rapidlyC．lightlyD．heavily9．A.althoughB．becauseC．whenD．if10．A.bigB．smallC．similarD．unequal11．A.spiritB．skillC．theoryD．wish12．A.ledtoB．turnedtoC．setupD．putforward13．A.makesB．preventsC．considersD．promises14．A.likelyB．clearlyC．naturallyD．unwillingly15．A.foreseenB．rejectedC．producedD．challenged非选择题部分第二节语篇语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。DearDad，Onthisdateofyour50thbirthday，MomgavemetheletteryouwrotetomewhenIwasborn18yearsago.Inyourletter，you1.(wish)metobestrongmindedandsuccessful.Youwerelookingforwardto2.(see)mefightformyfuturebravelyanddowellfor3.(me)andothers.第13页共13页,Afterreadingthisletter，Ifeelquite4.(shock)atyour5.(expect)onme.Ialsofeelshamedofnothavingperformedwell6.(meet)yourdemand.IstillrememberwhenIwasinprimaryschool，Ifailedtoapplymyselftostudying.Iwasaddictedtocomputergames.Asaconsequence，Isoonbecamethelastoneinmyclass.Youdidn'tabusemeatall.7.thecontrary，youtaughtmethatstudyingwasthemostimportantobjectatthemomentandencouragedmetostudyhard.Only8.IreadyourletterdidIrealizethatIbehavedsobadlyatthattimeandyouweresosadtoseeIdidn'tdowellformyself.Ican'thelpexpressingmygratitudeandsendingmybestwishestoyou.Wishyou9.(health)andhappy.IpromisethatIwillsparenoefforttosatisfyyourdemandofbeing10.braveandsuccessfulperson.第四部分 写作(满分40分)第一节应用文写作（15分）每年，国家科学技术奖励大会都会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行，届时党和国家领导人会为获奖的科学家颁奖。请你围绕以下要点谈谈你的个人看法。1．党和政府为什么如此重视科技事业的发展；2．作为一名高中生，你应该如何去做。注意：1.词数80左右；2．短文要求包含所有要点，但不要逐条翻译；3．可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；4．开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数。Everyyear，theNationalScienceTechnologyAwardCeremonyisheldintheGreatHallofthePeople.第二节故事续写（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。TheeventthatstandsoutinTom'smemoryhappenedonemorningwhenTom第13页共13页,wasonlytenyearsold.HewasathomewithhiseldersisterJane.Tomwasdoinghishomeworkwhenheheardraisedvoices.Atfirsthethoughtnothingofitsincecustomersinthemotorcycleshopdirectlybelowtheirflatoftenbecameloud，buthesoonrealizedthistimeitwasdifferent.“Quick!Quick!Removethemotorcyclesfromtheshop.”someoneshouted.Thenathickburningsmellfilledtheair.WhenTomopenedthefrontdooroftheirflattoinvestigate，athickcloudofsmokegreetedhim.Themotorcycleshophadcaughtfireandpeoplewererunningandcrying.Jane，whohadbeenplayingtheviolininherroom，hurriedtothelivingroom.Theyrushedoutofthedoorandalongthecorridor(走廊)throughthesmoke.TheywereheadingtowardsthestairwayatthefarendofthecorridorwhenJanesuddenlystoppedinhertrack.Sheturnedaroundandheadedbackthewaytheycame.Tomhadnoideawhatshewasdoing，buthefollowedher.Janehadsuddenlyrememberedtheladyinher70swholivednextdoortothem，whotheycalledMakcik.JanebeganbangingonMakcik'sdoor，butgotnoanswer.Asthesmokethickenedaroundthem，Tomcouldseemanyoftheirneighbors—somestillintheirpajamas(睡衣)—runningforsafety.Thethoughtoffearcrossedhismind.“Shewouldhaverunforsafetylikeeveryoneelse！”Tomcried.However，Janerefusedtogiveup.“IknowMakcik'sstillinside.”ShesaidshewasfamiliarwithMakcik'sdailyroutineandwascertainshewouldstillbesleeping.Shepoundedagainstthedoor.“Godownstairs.Gonow!Go！”Paragraph1：Tomnoticedtheflame(火焰)wasreachingup.Paragraph2：Luckily，someneighborspassingbystoppedandofferedhelp.第13页共13页,参考答案：【阅读理解】A:1-3DBAB:4-7ACDDC:8-11BDACD:12-15CBCA【七选五】1-5DFGCA【完形填空】1-5AABAC6-10BABBD11-15AAABC【语法填空】1．wished2．seeing3．myself4．shocked5．expectation6．tomeet7．On8．when9．healthy10．a【写作】【应用文】Everyyear，theNationalScienceTechnologyAwardCeremonyisheldintheGreatHallofthePeople.Atthattime，thetopleadersofourcountryawardmedalstoscientistswhoachievethosegoals.It'sclearthatthegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoscienceandtechnology.There'snodoubtthatscienceandtechnologyplayavitalpartinacountry'sdevelopment.Thosewhoreceivetheawardsdeservethembecause，throughyearsofhardwork，theyhavemadeoutstandingcontributionstoourcountry.China第13页共13页,needsmorescientistsandinventorslikethem.Asaseniorschoolstudent，I'lltrymybesttolearnallmysubjectswellsoastoservethesocietyaswellasourcountry.【故事续写】Tomnoticedtheflamewasreachingup.Frozenwithfear，hestoodrootedtothespot.HecomprehendedthegravityofthesituationandheldJane'shandtightly.Bothofthemwerecoughingandtheireyeswerestinging.Timeseemedtostandstill，thoughtheywereprobablythereforonlytwoorthreeminutes.TombeggedJanetorunforsafetyasquicklyaspossible.Janetriedtoshieldhernosefromthechokingsmokeandshookherhead.Shekeptpoundingagainstthedoor.Tomburstoutcrying.Luckily，someneighborspassingbystoppedandofferedhelp.AsenseofstrengthimmediatelyreplacedthemountingfearandanxietyinJane'smind.ShetoldthemMs.Makcikmustbestillintheroom.Theyforcedthedooropenwithalltheirmight.Sureenough，Makcikwaslyinginbed，unconscious.Shewascarrieddownstairsandthenrushedtothehospital，whereshefinallycametoherself.PeopleintheneighborhoodfeltrelievedandJaneandTomwereveryhappy.第13页共13页
