（新高考）山东省2021届高三英语下学期3月第二次模拟考试题（四）注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhendoesthemanwanttomeetMr.Clark?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.2.Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Gotothebank.B.TakeatriptoCalifornia.C.Lendsomemoneytotheman.3.Whatdoestheboythinkofhisparents?A.Open-minded.B.Generous.C.Strict.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whichdresstobuy.B.Howtochooseadress.C.Whattoweartotheparty.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atasupermarket.C.Atthewoman’shouse.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选岀最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给岀5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Seeafilm.B.Visitapark.C.Goshopping.7.Whichbuswillthewomantake?A.Busnumber112.B.Busnumber113.C.Busnumber153.听第7段材料，回答第8至9小题。8.Whatworriesthemanatfirst?A.Hecan’tenjoyhistripwithpainfulfeet.B.Hehasnotimetotravelwithhisfamily.C.Hedoesn’twanttovisitParisthissummer.9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Visitanothercity.B.Takeaboattrip.C.Goonawalktour.听第8段材料，回答第10至12小题。10.Forwhomdoesthemanwanttorentaflat?A.Himself.B.Hisfamily.C.Heandhisfriends.11.Whatistheman’sjob?A.Heisacollegestudent.B.Heworksinacarfactory.C.Heworksinthecentralbank.12.Howmanybedroomsdoesthemanprefertohave?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.听第9段材料，回答第13至16小题。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inatheater.B.Inastudio.C.Inacinema.414.WhatdoesPeterthinkofclassicalplays?A.Theyareboring.B.Theyarechallenging.C.Theyarewonderful.15.WhathelpsPeterrememberthewordsinaplay?A.Thetalenthewasbornwith.B.Thetraininghegotatuniversity.C.Theexperiencehegainedonstage.16.HowdoesPeterfeelaboutwatchinghisperformancesonTV?A.Satisfied.B.Embarrassed.C.Disappointed.听第10段材料，回答第17至20小题。17.Whodidthespeakergoonacookerycoursewith?A.Hercousin.B.Hersister.C.Hermother.18.Whichcoursedidthespeakerchoose?A.Theone-daycourse.B.Thethree-daycourse.C.Theone-weekcourse.19.Whatsurprisedthespeakerwhenshestartedhercourse?A.Thecoursewaspopular.B.Thereweremanyteenagers.C.Manyteachersweretheretohelp.20.Whichplacedidthespeakervisit?A.Arestaurant.B.Amarket.C.Asupermarket.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.2分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGiraffeManor(Kenya)GiraffeManorisanextraordinaryhotelbuiltintheearly1930sandliesinNairobi,Kenya.Thehotelismostwell-knownforitsRothschildgiraffes.Everymorningandevening,giraffeswillenterthedininghallandeatwiththeguests.GiraffeManoristheonlyplaceintheworldwherepeoplecangetthisupcloseandpersonalwithagiraffe.TheIceHotel(Sweden)Thehotel,lyinginaremotevillageinSweden,isthefirsticehotelinexistence.Itwasstartedinthe1980sbyaSwedishartistwhowantedtocreatealargesculpturetocelebratethenaturalresourcesaroundit.Thehotelisrebuilteveryyear,openinginwinterandclosinginspring.FreeSpiritSpheres(BritishColumbia)ThegoalofFreeSpiritSpheresistoprovideaplaceforpeopletoenjoyexceptionalexperienceswhilelivinginanaturalforestenvironment.Itisopenyear-roundonVancouverIsland.Itistheonlyknowneco-friendlytreehousehotelintheworld.Itissopopularthatyoumayhavetobookitthreemonthstoayearinadvance.TheMantaResort(Tanzania)TheunderwaterhotelispartoftheuniqueMantaResortonPembaIslandinTanzania.Itis273yardsoffshore(在近海)intheMantahousereef(礁).Thereefisfamousforitsabundantoceanicwildlifeandguestscometoexperiencethepeaceandquietnessthattheremoteislandoffers.Theroomissurroundedonallsideswithlargewindowssothatguestscanbepartofthewildlifeactivityaroundthereef.21．WhatattractsguestsmostinGiraffeManor?A．Thesculpture.B．Thereef.C．Thetree.D．Thegiraffe.22．Whichhoteldoyouneedtoreserveaheadoftime?A．GiraffeManor.B．FreeSpiritSpheres.C．TheIceHotel.D．TheMantaResort.23．Whatdothesehotelshaveincommon?A．Theylieinremotevillages.B．Theyofferamazingexperiences.C．Theyareopenallyearround.D．Theycostanamountofmoney.BIrememberdoingthehouseholdchorestohelpmymotherwhenIwasnine.Ihatedchangingthevacuumcleaner(真空吸尘器)bagandpickingupthingsthemachinedidnotsuckup.Twentyyearslater,in1978,withthislifelongdislikeofthewaythemachineworked,Idecidedtomakeabaglessone.Easiersaidthandone,ofcourse.Ididn’trealizethatIwouldspendthenextfiveyearsperfectingmydesign,aprocessthatresultedin5,127differentprototypes(样机).BythetimeImademy15thprototype,mythirdchildwasborn.By2,627,mywifeand4Iwerereallycountingourpennies.By3,727,mywifewasgivingartlessonsforsomeextracash,andweweregettingfurtherandfurtherintodebt.Theseweretoughtimes,buteachfailurebroughtmeclosertosolvingtheproblem.Intheearly1980s,Istartedtryingtogetlicensingagreementsformytechnology.Therealitywasverydifferent,however.Themajorvacuummakershadbuiltabusinessmodelbasedontheprofitsfrombagsandfilters(滤网).Noonewouldlicensemyidea,notbecauseitwasabadone,butbecauseitwasbadforbusiness.Butsoonafter,thecompaniesthatIhadtalkedwithstartedmakingmachineslikemine.IhadtofightlegalbattlesonbothsidesoftheAtlantictoprotectthepatentsonmyvacuumcleaner.Iwasstillinfinancialdifficultiesuntil1993,whenmybankmanagerpersonallypersuadedLloydsBanktolendme$1million.ThenIwasabletogointoproduction.Withintwoyears,theDysonvacuumcleanerbecameabest-sellerinBritain.Today,Istillembraceriskandthepotentialforfailureaspartoftheprocess.Nothingbeatstheexcitementofinvention,24．Whatdrovetheauthortomakeabaglessvacuumcleaner?A．Hiswillingnesstohelpmom.B．Hiscuriosityaboutmachines.C．Histroubleindoingfamilychores.D．Hisdiscontentwithexistingcleaners.25．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellus?A．Thehelpfromtheauthor’swife.B．Thefinancialproblemsofthefamily.C．Thetoughprocessofthenewinvention.D．Theproceduresofmakingabaglesscleaner.26．Whydidthecompaniesrefusetolicensetheauthor’stechnology?A．Theythoughttheymightsufferloss.B．Theyconsidereditnotgoodenough.C．Theyfacedlegalproblemsthemselves.D．Theyhadbegunmakingsuchmachines.27．Whatlessonmaytheauthorlearnfromtheexperience?A．Thinktwicebeforeacting.B．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.CStudentloan(贷款)debthasbecomeaworldwideproblem.InAmerica,thecountry'soverallstudentdebtreachedarecordof$1.6trillionin2019.Theaveragepersonwithstudentloandebtowedbetween$20,000and$25,000.ArecentJapanesegovernmentreportsaysithasbeenlendingover$9billionyearlytostudentssince2010.SimilarconditionsexistinAfricaandSouthAmerica.Severalfactorsaccountforhighstudentloandebt.Oneisthatemployerseverywherehaveincreasedtheirdemandsforskilledworkers,makinghighereducationarequirementformanyjobs.Thestudents,however,aftergraduation,oftenfindthattheircountry'seconomyisnotstrongenoughtosupporttheirfinancialneeds,sotheirabilitytopaybacktheloanbecomesaproblem.Tosolvetheproblem,manycountriesareseekingtheirways.Australiahasdevelopedasystemwherestudentsdonothavetopayanythingbackuntiltheyareearningatleast$40,000ayear.InAmerica,severalcandidatesrunningforpresidentinthe2020electionhaveofferedmoreextremesolutionsthatalloratleastsomeoftheseloanswillbeforgiven.Someprofessorsinseveraluniversitiesrecentlystudiedwhattheeffectsofdebtforgivenessmightbe.Theyfoundthat,overall,suddendebtreliefgreatlyimprovedtheborrowers'lives.Notonlydidtheyhavemoremoney,buttheyweremorelikelytomovetoanewareaandseekbetterpayingwork.Yettheprofessors'researchdoesn'tincludewhatmighthappentofinancialinstitutionsortheoveralleconomyifdebtweretotallyforgiven.Itonlylooksathowdebtforgivenesswouldhelptheborrowers.Theywarnofsomeotherpossiblenegativeeffects.Ifaborrowerknewthatifheranintoanytroublehewouldbesavedbecausehecouldgetthedebtrelief,thenhemightactuallybecomemorereckless(轻率的)withhisborrowinginthefuture.Nomatterwhat,theprofessorsagreethatifcountriesdodecidetoapprovesomestudentdebtrelieftheneedieststudentsshouldbehelpedfirst.28．Howdoestheauthorintroducetheproblemofstudentloan?A．Bymakingacomparison.B．Bymakingclassifications.4C．Bypresentingsomestatistics.D．Bysettingdowngeneralrules.29．Whatcanwelearnaboutstudentloandebtrelief?A．Itwillsurelyprovidesomebenefitstoborrowers.B．IthasalreadybeencarriedoutintheUnitedStates.C．Itaimstoencouragemorestudentstoborrowmoney.D．Itwillpreventapersonfromlandingawell-payingjob.30．Whatistheprofessors'attitudetodebtforgiveness?A．Uncaring.B．Positive.C．Disapproving.D．Cautious.31．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．Studentloandebtisthemostseriousproblemworldwide.B．Growingglobalstudentdebtfuelssearchforsolutions.C．Studentloandebttendstopulltheneedyoutoftrouble.D．Peopleholddifferentopinionsondebtforgiveness.DOneofthemostdangerousinsectsyouneedtowatchoutforduringsummerismosquitoes.Butnomatterhowyoutrytoavoidthem,somepeoplenaturallyattractmosquitoesmorethanothers.Oneofthemostimportantfactstorememberisthatmosquitoestrackpeopledownbysmellandbodyodour(气味),accordingtoBartKnols,PhD,abiologistdevotedtothestudyofmosquitoes.Thecarbondioxidepeoplebreatheout,alongwithchemicalsfromtheskin,createsan“odourplume”thatmosquitoescandetectfromuptoalmost100feetaway.“Eachpersongivesoffmorethan300chemicalsfromtheskin,morethan100inbreathingout,”Knolssays.Thespecificmixturesontheskinthatmosquitoesrespondtovarybyspecies.TheyellowfevermosquitoandAsiantigermosquito,forexample,respondwelltolacticacidfromskin.Africanmalariamosquitoesrespondtoamixoffattyacids,accordingtoKnols.Yourindividualmixturesandsmellsdeterminehowmuchofamosquitoattractionyouare,dependingonthemosquitospecies.Themixofchemicalsyouproduceareonlypartlyinyourcontrol.Thesechemicalsdependonyourgeneticmake-up,healthcondition,diet,skinpH,andsoon.“Bacteria(细菌)ontheskinbreakdownthemixturesthatwegiveoffthroughourpores(毛孔),andthesearetheattractivesmells,”Knolssays.“Soitisnotactuallywethatattractmosquitoes,butthebacteriaonourskin.”Althoughthisisacomplexandpartlyunderstoodphenomenon,Knolssaysthatwedoallhaveauniquesmell.Therearemanyfolkstoriesaboutwhysomepeoplearemoreorlessattractivetomosquitoes.Somepeoplefalselythinkthebloodtypeisthecause,andothersbelievetakingvitaminBoreatinggarlicmakespeoplelessattractivetomosquitoes—butKnolsnotesthere’snoscientificdatabackingtheseclaims.32．Whatdowelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A．Mosquitoescandetectpeoplewithsmell.B．Nobodycanavoidmosquitoesanyway.C．Apersonbreathesoutover300chemicals.D．Peoplenaturallyattractmosquitoes.33．Whydoestheauthortakeseveralkindsofmosquitoesforexample?A．Topersuadereaderstoprotecttheenvironment.B．Towarnpeopleagainsttouchingmosquitoes.C．Toshowdifferentmosquitoesreacttomixtures.D．Tomakepeoplelookoutforpoisonousmosquitoes.34．WhatdrawsmosquitoesaccordingtoBartKnols?A．Chemicalsinthemouth.B．Mixturespeoplegiveoff.C．Smellsfromthepores.D．Bacteriaontheskin.35．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheScientificReasonYouAreaMosquitoAttractionB．FolkStoriesaboutHowMosquitoesAttackPeopleC．AttitudestowardMosquitoesDifferentPeopleHaveD．WaystoMakePeopleMoreandMoreAttractive第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It'sAlarming:WhatWakesYouUpEachMorning?Howdoyouwakeupinthemorning?Ifyousetanalarmonyourphoneorclockthatsoundslikethis:beepbeepbeep?36．Sleepinertiaisanothertermforgrogginess(昏睡),whichmeansapersonhasaheavyfeelingwhenwakingup,andhastroublegettingmovingagainaftersleeping,37．Arecentstudysaysyes.Theanswerismusic.Researcherssayalarmsthathaveamelody—likethebeginningofthissong—canhelppeoplefeelfresherinthemorning.4Thestudy,carriedoutbyresearchersinAustralia,involved50people.Thestudysubjectsansweredquestionsaboutthealarmsoundtheyliketowakeupto,howtheyfeelaboutthatsoundandhowtheyfeelwhentheywakeup.38．However,itisearlydaysandmoreworkisneededtofullyknowtheanswer.So,whatmakesmusicalalarmsbetterforwakingup?Theresearchersthinkthemusicmaybemoresuccessfulinreducinggrogginessbecauseithasseveraltones,comparedtothesingletoneofa"beeping"alarm.39．Andisthereakindofmusicthatisbesttowakeupto?Theremaybe40．However,nomatterhowyouwakeup,expertssay,theamountofsleepyougetalsomattersalot.A．Canmusicalalarmsworkwonders？B．So,isthereabetterwaytodothetrick？C．Thiscanhelpyoufallasleepmorequicklyandeasily.D．Alarmsoundsthataretunefullandeasytohumorsingalongwithmaybegoodchoices.E.Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewhowakeuptomusicalalarmsreportedfeelingmoreawakeandalert.F.Thechangesovertimebetweenthemusictonesmayhelpincreaseaperson'sattentionwhenwakingfromsleep.G.Thathard,unpleasantsoundmaybemakingithardertoshakeoffthesleepyfeelinginthemorningknownasgrogginess.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iceandsnowwerebeatingthewindowandthewindalmostswepteverythingawayoutside.I41howIwouldgethome.The12-mileroutetookmeupanddownsteephillsandaround42turns.Iwhisperedaprayerfor43.MyoldgreenBlazerSUVwasdoingwonderfullyoverthe44roadway.45asIclimbedoneofthesteepestandscariesthills,Inoticedthetireswereslipping,andIdecideditwastimeto46tofour-wheeldrive.Slowlythetires47theroad,andthetopcame48sight.Unfortunately,Ihadjustmadeitwhenthe49stopped.Ipushedandpulledthelever(档杆)—nothinghappened.Iwas50withsnowandiceballsaround.EventhoughIhadmetnooneonthislonelyroad,Ihopedsomeonemightcometo51.Afterafewminutes,I52anoldpickuptruck.AsmilingyoungmanI’dneverseenbeforerolleddownhiswindow,askingifIneededhelp.IensuredhimIdid.Thenheshowedmehowtooperatethefour-wheel-driveshiftinggear(齿轮),lockingitinto53.54,IgottheBlazerstarting.WhenIthankedthestrangerandaskedifhelivedaroundthearea,hejustsaid,“Oh,overthere.”DoIbelieveinangels?You55!41．A．wonderedB．realizedC．assumedD．stated42．A．smoothB．sharpC．simpleD．slight43．A．libertyB．priorityC．safetyD．recovery44．A．ice-coveredB．flood-ruinedC．badly-builtD．well-equipped45．A．ButB．OrC．SoD．And46．A．attendB．appealC．switchD．lead47．A．lostcontrolofB．tookchargeofC．gotalongwithD．heldonto48．A．intoB．beyondC．overD．from49．A．windB．snowC．vehicleD．driver50．A．hurtB．stuckC．engagedD．panicked51．A．lifeB．powerC．helpD．mind52．A．boardedB．missedC．calledD．spied53．A．comfortB．sceneC．actionD．place54．A．BynomeansB．InnotimeC．InsomewayD．Inthemeanwhile55．A．failB．approveC．countD．bet第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PekingOperaisaformoftraditionalChinesetheaterthat56．(appear)inBeijinginthelate18thcentury.57．(combine)music,song,danceandacrobatics(杂技动作)inalivelyandcolorfuldisplay,itisa58．(relative)newstyleofdrama,comparedtoothertypesofChinesetheater.4IntheearlyyearsofPekingOpera,alltheactorsweremen,59．therolesofwomenplayedbyyoungboys.Thestoriesfellintotwomain60．(category)-wen,orciviltheater,whichfocusedonlove,marriageandothercivilianconcerns,andwu,ormilitarytheater,whichfocusedonthethemeofwarandwasknownforfeaturingthrillingstageactions.Inthefirsthalfofthe61．(twenty)century,themostfamousactorofPekingOperawasMeiLanfang,62．playedakeyroleinpopularizingPekingOperaandintroducingChinesetheatertotheWest.Additionally,Meialsotooktheboldstepoftakingonfemalestudents,whichwas63．highlyriskyandunconventionalstepatthetime.AfterthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,PekingOperaperformances,whichdealtwithcontemporaryandrevolutionarythemes,wereencouraged.Despite64．(it)upsanddowns,PekingOperawasrevived(复兴)inthe1980sandcontinuesto65．(perform)today.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华，上周末你们班在附近社区的老年人活动中心组织了一次义工活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.陪伴老人，教老人智能手机的生活应用等；2.活动反响。注意：1.写作词汇应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答案卡的相应位置作答。ASignificantVoluntaryActivity__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Whentherewasnewsthatastormwascoming,Sarahdidn’tthinkmuchaboutit.Shesimplyshruggeditofflikeanyothernormalday.Whenshewenttothegrocerystoreandsawthatitwasfull,shestilldidn’tworry.Peopleranlikemadbetweenaisles(过道),grabbingwhattheycould.BareshelvesandlonglinesmadeSarahchuckle(窃笑).Theymustbeoverreacting,shethought.Onherwayhome,shelookedoverhead.Darkcloudswereindeedforming.Andtheyseemedtobemovingquicklyacrossthesky.Still,Sarahwasnotbothered.Therainwouldbenicesinceithadbeenwarmlately.Whenshegothome,Sarahmadepopcornandsatonthesofawithherdog,Cooper,andgotreadytowatchamovie.Justasshehitplayontheremote,sheheardthethunder.Rainstartedtocomedownhard,makingitalmostimpossibletoseethetreesinherfrontyardthroughthewindow.Cooperimmediatelyjumpedfromthesofa,barkinginfearinthecorner.“It’sOK.”Sarahsaid.ShemovedtoonesideandsawCooperlookedabitnervous.Sarahturnedoffthemovieandinsteadskippedtothelocalnewsstation.Thestormwasmuchmoreseriousthanshehadthought.Peopleinanearbycityevensaidtheyspottedatornado.Thereporteradvisedpeopletostayinsideandsecureallofthedoorsandwindows.Sarahgotupandbeganmakingherwayaroundthehouse.Cooperfollowedclosebehindasshecheckedallofthewindowstomakesuretheywereallfullyclosed.Bythetimeshegotbacktohersofa,therainhadstopped.“Thatwasn’tsobad,”Sarahsaidaloud.“Justaniceshower.”Sheturnedtocooper,whohadgonebacktothecornerandstilllookedabitfrightened.Shelookedoutside.Itwasactuallyverycalm,butshecouldseethatthewindwaspickingup.Thebranchesofthetreeswereswingingandthegarbagebinhadtippedover.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Obviously,astormwasonitsway.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Trappedathome,Sarahwonderedhowshecouldsurvive.4______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4英语答案解析第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）【答案】1-5CACCA6-10ABABC11-15CCBCA16-20BACCB第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.2分，满分37.5分）【答案】21-23DBB【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4所特别的酒店。21．细节理解题。由GiraffeManor(Kenya)所在的第二句“Thehotelismostwell-knownforitsRothschildgiraffes.”可知，这个酒店最出名的是它的罗斯柴尔德长颈鹿。由此可知，在GiraffeManor里最吸引顾客的是长颈鹿。结合选项可知，选项D正确。22．细节理解题。由FreeSpiritSpheres(BritishColumbia)所在的最后一句“Itissopopularthatyoumayhavetobookitthreemonthstoayearinadvance.”可知，它是如此的受欢迎，以至于你需要提前3个月到一年预定它。由此可见，FreeSpiritSpheres是需要你提前预定的。结合选项可知，选项B正确。23．细节理解题。由全文可知，GiraffeManor是世界上唯一一个人们可以近距离和长颈鹿亲密接触的地方。这个位于瑞典遥远村庄的酒店是现存第一个冰旅馆。FreeSpiritSpheres的目的是为了给人们提供一个可以居住在自然森林环境里，享受特殊经历的地方。这个礁石因为它丰富的海洋野生动物而出名，顾客可以体验这份由遥远岛屿提供的和谐和安静。由此可见，这些酒店的共同之处是它们都提供令人惊讶的体验。结合选项可知，选项B正确。【答案】24-27DCAB【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者发明无袋吸尘器的经历，揭示了“失败为成功之母”的道理。24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“Ihatedchangingthevacuumcleaner(真空吸尘器)bagandpickingupthingsthemachinedidnotsuckup.Twentyyearslater,in1978,withthislifelongdislikeofthewaythemachineworked,Idecidedtomakeabaglessone.”我讨厌换真空吸尘器的袋子，讨厌把吸尘器吸不进去的东西捡起来。二十年后，也就是1978年，我对这台机器的工作方式一直很反感，于是决定做一台无袋的。可知，对于真空吸尘器的反感导致了作者研制一种无袋吸尘器。故选D项。25．主旨大意题。通读文章第二段内容，可知其段落结构为总分总结构，首句内容“Easiersaidthandone,ofcourse.”和末尾句内容“Theseweretoughtimes,buteachfailurebroughtmeclosertosolvingtheproblem.”点明本段主旨要义，即作者发明无袋吸尘器过程中遇到的一些困难。故选C项。26．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Themajorvacuummakershadbuiltabusinessmodelbasedontheprofitsfrombagsandfilters.Noonewouldlicensemyidea,notbecauseitwasabadone,butbecauseitwasbadforbusiness”可知，没人会认可作者的想法是因为真空吸尘器的包装袋和过滤器能够给商家带来盈利，而作者发明的无袋吸尘器会使商家失去原有的能够带来盈利的部分，因此商家担心其不能带来盈利反而可能会导致损失。故选A项。27．推理判断题。作者在文章末尾点明主旨，揭示道理：Today,Istillembraceriskandthepotentialforfailureaspartoftheprocess.Nothingbeatstheexcitementofinvention.可知，作者的“无袋吸尘器”发明经历使他明白了风险和失败在发明过程中是可能存在的。故选B项。【答案】28-31CADB【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了学生债务成全球性问题，各国都在寻求解决方案。28．推理判断题。由第一段可知，在美国，2019年全国学生债务总额达到了创纪录的1.6万亿美元。平均每个学生的助学贷款在2万到2.5万美元之间。日本政府最近的一份报告说，自2010年以来，日本每年向学生发放的贷款已经超过90亿美元。非洲和南美洲也存在类似的情况。所以判断出作者通过展示一些统计数据介绍学生贷款的问题。故选C项。29．细节理解题。由倒数第三段“Theyfoundthat,overall,suddendebtreliefgreatlyimprovedtheborrowers'lives.Notonlydidtheyhavemoremoney,buttheyweremorelikelytomovetoanewareaandseekbetterpayingwork.”可知，他们发现，总的来说，突然的债务减免极大地改善了借款人的生活。他们不仅有更多的钱，而且更有可能搬到一个新的地区，寻找更高收入的工作。所以债务减免肯定会给借款人带来一些好处。故选A项。30．推理判断题。根据第四段中Theyfoundthat,overall,suddendebtreliefgreatlyimprovedtheborrowers'lives.Notonlydidtheyhavemoremoney,buttheyweremorelikelytomovetoanewareaandseekbetterpayingwork.可知，教授们认为免除学生债务是有好处的，这大大改善借款人的生活，他们不仅有更多的钱，而且更有可能搬到一个新的地区，寻找薪水更高的工作。再根据第五段中Yettheprofessors’researchdoesn’tincludewhatmighthappentofinancialinstitutionsortheoveralleconomyifdebtweretotallyforgiven.Itonlylooksathowdebtforgivenesswouldhelptheborrowers.Theywarnofsomeotherpossiblenegativeeffects.可知，他们的研究不包括如果完全免除债务，金融机构或整个经济可能会发生什么。它只着眼于债务免除将如何帮助借款人。他们警告说，还有其他一些可能的负面影响。由此判断出，教授们对债务免除的态度是谨慎的。故选D项。31．主旨大意题。由第一段“Studentloan(贷款)debthasbecomeaworldwideproblem.”学生贷款债务已经成为一个世界性的问题。由第三段“Tosolvetheproblem,manycountriesareseekingtheirways.”4为了解决这个问题，许多国家都在寻找解决方案。所以短文主要是关于不断增长的全球学生债务促使各国寻找解决方案。故选B项。【答案】32-35ACDA【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蚊子追踪人们的嗅觉和体味，人的皮肤会产生很多不同的物质，而不同的蚊子对皮肤的不同物质反应不同。32．细节理解题。根据第二段的Oneofthemostimportantfactstorememberisthatmosquitoestrackpeopledownbysmellandbodyodour(气味),accordingtoBartKnols,PhD,abiologistdevotedtothestudyofmosquitoes.据专门研究蚊子的生物学家BartKnols博士说，要记住的最重要的事实之一是蚊子通过气味和体味来追踪人。可知，蚊子可以通过气味探测人。故选A。33．推理判断题。根据第三段的Thespecificmixturesontheskinthatmosquitoesrespondtovarybyspecies.蚊子对皮肤上的特定混合物有反应，这种混合物因物种而异。可知，下文列举黄热病蚊子和亚洲虎蚊及非洲疟疾蚊子是为了表明不同的蚊子对不同的混合物反应不同。故选C。34．细节理解题。根据第三段的Knolssays.“Soitisnotactuallywethatattractmosquitoes,butthebacteriaonourskin.”Knols说。“所以实际上吸引蚊子的不是我们自己，而是我们皮肤上的细菌。”可知，吸引蚊子的是皮肤上的细菌。故选D。35．主旨大意题。文章介绍了蚊子追踪人们的嗅觉和体味，人的皮肤会产生很多不同的物质，而不同的蚊子对皮肤的不同物质反应不同。我们之所以吸引蚊子是因为我们皮肤上的细菌。因此，选项A“你吸引蚊子的科学原因”是本文的最佳标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）【答案】36-40GBEFD【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究早上发现被音乐闹钟吵醒的人感觉更加清醒和警觉，音乐会使你在早晨摆脱困倦的感觉。文章介绍了研究结果，以及对什么样的音乐更适合起床进行了一些说明。36．根据上文Ifyousetanalarmonyourphoneorclockthatsoundslikethis:beepbeepbeep?可知如果你在你的手机或闹钟上设置一个这样的声音：哔哔哔？由此可知，本句承接上文说明，设置“哔哔哔”闹钟的结果是，这种刺耳的、不愉快的声音可能会使你在早晨更难摆脱困倦的感觉。故G选项“这种刺耳的、不愉快的声音可能会使你在早晨更难摆脱困倦的感觉”最符合语境。故选G。37．根据后文Arecentstudysaysyes.Theanswerismusic.可知最近的一项研究给出了肯定的答案。答案是音乐。由此可知，本句是提问有没有更好的办法来叫醒自己起床，后文则给出回答：那就是音乐。故B选项“那么,有没有更好的方法来达到这个目的呢？”符合语境，故选B。38．根据上文Thestudy,carriedoutbyresearchersinAustralia,involved50people.Thestudysubjectsansweredquestionsaboutthealarmsoundtheyliketowakeupto,howtheyfeelaboutthatsoundandhowtheyfeelwhentheywakeup.可知这项研究由澳大利亚的研究人员进行，共有50人参与。研究对象回答了以下问题：他们希望醒来时听到的闹钟声音，他们对这个声音的感觉，以及他们醒来时的感觉。由此可知，本句应当是说明这项研究的结果。故E选项“研究人员发现被音乐闹钟吵醒的人感觉更加清醒和警觉”符合语境。故选E。39．结合上文Theresearchersthinkthemusicmaybemoresuccessfulinreducinggrogginessbecauseithasseveraltones,comparedtothesingletoneofa"beeping"alarm.可知研究人员认为，与“哔哔”闹钟的单一音调相比，音乐有好几个音调，因此可能更能有效地减少昏昏沉沉的感觉。由此可知，本句承接上文，说明音乐音调变化的好处是有助于提高一个人从睡梦中醒来时的注意力。故F选项“随着时间的推移,音乐音调之间的变化可能有助于提高一个人从睡梦中醒来时的注意力”最符合语境，故选F。40．根据上文Andisthereakindofmusicthatisbesttowakeupto?可知那有没有一种音乐是最适合起床的呢？由此可知，本句回答上文的关于最适合起床音乐的问题。故D选项“闹铃声音是完整的调子，易于哼唱或唱歌可能是一个好的选择”最符合语境。故选D。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）【答案】41-45ABCAA46-50CDACB51-55CDDBD【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在风雪交加的一天开车回家，12英里的路线让作者在陡峭的山上上下颠簸，车辆在冰雪覆盖的路面上出现了问题，一个好心人帮助了作者，使得作者认为好心人就像天使一样。41．考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“Iceandsnowwerebeatingthewindowandthewindalmostswepteverythingawayoutside.(冰雪拍打着窗户，风几乎把外面的一切都吹走了。)”可知，户外环境很恶劣，作者认为“回家”成为了一个问题，不知道该怎么办。故选A项。42．考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“steephills”可知山坡很陡峭，因此会有急转弯（sharpturns）。故选B项。43．考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“Iceandsnowwerebeatingthewindowandthewindalmostswepteverythingawayoutside.”“The12-mileroutetookmeupanddownsteephillsandaround_______turns.”可知，天气状况恶劣，路况恶劣，因此可知作者希望能够“安全”到家。故选C项。44．考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“Iceandsnowwerebeatingthewindowandthewind4almostswepteverythingawayoutside.”可知，冰雪拍打着窗户，风几乎把外面的一切都吹走了，在这样的天气下，道路应是结冰了。故选A项。45．考查连词词义辨析。分析可知，本句“asIclimbedoneofthesteepestandscariesthills,Inoticedthetireswereslipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑)”与前文“MyoldgreenBlazerSUVwasdoingwonderfullyoverthe________roadway.(我那辆绿色开拓者越野车在冰雪覆盖的路面上行驶得很好。)”为转折关系。故选A项。46．考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“asIclimbedoneofthesteepestandscariesthills,Inoticedthetireswereslipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑)”可知，轮胎开始打滑，作为司机，作者应是采取措施避免打滑，开启四轮驱动。switchto，“切换到；转到；转变成”，符合语境表达。故选C项。47．考查动词词组辨析。根据前文“asIclimbedoneofthesteepestandscariesthills,Inoticedthetireswereslipping,andIdecideditwastimeto______tofour-wheeldrive.”可知作者注意到轮胎在打滑，开启了四轮驱动，因此可知，汽车不再打滑，车轮贴在地面上了。故选D项。48．考查介词词义辨析。comeintosight，固定结构，意为“出现在眼前，可以望见”。故选A项。49．考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“Ipushedandpulledthelever—nothinghappened.(我推了一下然后又拉了控制杆——什么也没发生。)”可知，作者推拉控制杆应该是因为车停了下来。故选C项。50．考查动词词义辨析。根据前文背景句“Iceandsnowwerebeatingthewindowandthewindalmostswepteverythingawayoutside.”以及“Ihadjustmadeitwhenthe_______stopped.”可知，雪下的很大，风也很强烈，且作者的车行不不了了，应是卡住了。bestuckwith，“无法摆脱；陷在”。故选B项。51．考查名词词义辨析。结合句子“EventhoughIhadmetnooneonthislonelyroad,Ihopedsomeonemightcometo______.”句意可知，作者希望在这条孤单的路上能有人出现帮忙。故选C项。52．考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“anoldpickuptruck”可知，作者应是看到了一辆小货车。故选D项。53．考查名词词义辨析。结合句子“Thenheshowedmehowtooperatethefour-wheel-driveshiftinggear,lockingitinto______”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置，且，需要将其锁住在恰当的位置。故选D项。54．考查固定短语辨析。根据前文“Thenheshowedmehowtooperatethefour-wheel-driveshiftinggear,lockingitinto______”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置以及如何锁住到恰当的位置，因此作者的车又可以发动起来了，B项“innotime”可表达作者当时的急切且激动的心情。故选B项。55．考查动词词义辨析。结合句子：WhenIthankedthestrangerandaskedifhelivedaroundthearea,hejustsaid,“Oh,overthere.”DoIbelieveinangels?(当我向陌生人道谢并问他是否住在附近时，他只是说:“哦，在那边。”“我相信有天使吗?”)可知，作者认为帮助他的这个陌生人像天使一样，因此本句应是非常肯定的回答。“Youbet！”用在句子表达“当然；肯定地”含义，符合语境和作者的心境。故选D项。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】56．appeared57．Combining58．relatively59．with60．categories61．twentieth62．who63．a64．its65．beperformed【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧是中国传统戏剧的一种形式，于18世纪末出现在北京。它集音乐、歌曲、舞蹈和杂技于一身，生动活泼，色彩斑斓，与其他类型的中国戏剧相比，它是一种相对较新的戏剧风格。文章介绍了京剧的发展历史和代表人物梅兰芳的情况。56．考查动词时态。根据后文inthelate18thcentury.可知描述过去的事实应用一般过去时。故填appeared。57．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知combine在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语it构成主动关系，故用现在分词。句首字母要大写。故填Combining。58．考查副词。修饰后文形容词new应用副词relatively，表示“相当地”。故填relatively。59．考查介词。句意：在京剧的早期，所有的演员都是男性，年轻的男孩扮演女性的角色。此处表伴随应用介词with。这是with的复合结构。故填with。60．考查名词的数。category为可数名词，由two修饰应用复数形式。故填categories。61．考查序数词。句意：在20世纪上半叶，最著名的京剧演员是梅兰芳，她在京剧的普及和中国戏剧向西方的介绍中发挥了关键作用。结合句意表示“20世纪”短语为thetwentiethcentury，应用序数词。故填twentieth。62．考查非限定性定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词MeiLanfang，且先行词在从句中做主语，指人，故用关系代词who。故填who。63．考查冠词。step为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且highly为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。464．考查代词。修饰后文名词短语upsanddowns“起起伏伏”应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。65．考查非谓语动词。根据短语continuetodosth.可知应填不定式，且perform与PekingOpera构成被动，故应用tobedone形式。故填beperformed。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）ASignificantVoluntaryActivityLastweekend,ourclassattendedavoluntaryactivityinacommunityseniorcenternearby.SomeofusentertainedtheelderlybysingingNanyinanddoingmagictricks.Otherschattedwiththem.Theywereoverjoyedforourcomingandtheseniorcenterwasfulloflaughter.Besides,wealsotaughtthemhowtousesmartphonesineverydaylife,suchasshowingthehealthQRcode,callingataxiandmakinganappointmentwiththedoctor.Theywereimpressedbytheconveniencetechnologybrings.Theactivityissomeaningfulthatweallfeelrewardedanddeterminedtovisitthemregularly.第二节读后续写（满分25分）Obviously,astormwasonitsway.Sarahsawsomethinglikeagrayfunnelmovinginthedistance.Tornado!Inaflash,withaburstofthunder,rainpoureddownonceagain,beatingheavilyagainstthewindows.Thewindwasroaringandmanytreeswereuprooted.Thestormlasteddays,whichmadeSarahincreasinglynervous.Coldandhungry,sheregrettedshehadmadenopreparationsfortheterribleweather!Trappedathome,Sarahwonderedhowshecouldsurvive.Justthen,shethoughtofthecommunityhelpline.Shetelephonedtostateherdifficulties.Anhourlater,Sarahheardaknockatthedoorandincamethecommunityworkerswithfoodandnecessities.Shewasreallygratefulfortheirtimelyhelp.Itisthetruekindnessandloveinthecommunitythathelpedhersurvivetheterribleweather.4
