（新高考）山东省2021届高三英语下学期3月第二次模拟考试题（一）注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatcolorarethegloves?A.Blue.B.Green.C.Yellow.2.Whatisthemanlookingfor?AAhotel.B.Ahospital.C.Abookstore.3.Whenwillthenextundergroundarrive?A.At1:55.B.At2:00.C.At2:05.4.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Cleaningalecturehall.B.Schedulingalecture.C.Makingalistofspeakers.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.WeChatB.Onlineshopping.C.Theman'sgrandma.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whenwillthemeetingtakeplace?A.InJanuary.B.InFebruary.C.InJune.7.Whichroomdoesthemanprefer?A.Room13.B.Room19.C.Room26.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whoisthemanwaitingfor?A.Arepairman.B.Adoctor.C.Asalesman.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inarepairshop.C.Inasupermarket.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthemangoodat?A.Takingphotos.B.Paintingpictures.C.Doingpresentations.11.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthewoman'ssuggestionatfirst?A.Surprised.B.Worried.C.Uninterested.12.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Guestandhostess.C.Classmates.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhereisSusanfrom?A.Italy.B.England.C.America.14.HowlongdidSusanworkforFerragamo?A.Aboutsixmonths.B.Lessthanfiveyears.C.Aroundsixyears.15.WhatdoesSusanmainlydesignforthecompanies?A.Shoes.B.Handbags.C.Jackets.16.HowhasSusan'sindustrychangedsince1982?A.Italiandesignhasbecomelesspopular.B.Theproductqualityhasbecomeworse.3C.Ithasbecomemuchmorecompetitive.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatistheweatherlikeforthejourney?A.Sunny.B.Cold.C.Windy.18.Whereisthebank?A.OnFloorA.B.OnFloorB.C.OnFloorC.19.WhatisnexttothebaronFloorA?A.Atoilet.B.Agamesroom.C.Theship'soffice.20.WhocanusetherelaxingroomonFloorB?A.Passengerstravellingwithcars.B.Passengerstravellingwithchildren.C.Passengerstravellingwithoutcars.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.2分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMuirWoodsandSausalitoHalfDayTourWanderthroughanancientcoastalredwoodforestandexploretheartisticbaysideonthishalf-daytourfromSanFrancisco.TravelacrosstheGoldenGateBridgetovisitMuirWoods,hometosomeoftheoldestandtallesttreesonEarth.AttheendofyourtourchoosebetweengettingdroppedoffatUnionSquareinSanFranciscoortakingtheferrybacktoSanFrancisco.YosemiteNationalParkandGiantSequoiasDayTripDiscoverthebeautyoftheSierraNevadaonthisfull-daytriptoYosemiteNationalParkfromSanFrancisco.TravelaboardacomfortablevanthroughhistoricGoldRushtownstoreachthepark,whereyou’llbeamazedbysupersizednaturalwonders.Takeahikeamongancienttrees,andenjoyseveralhourstoexplorethepark’swondersonyourown.NiagaraFallsTourEscapefromNewYorkCityandheadnorthtoseebothsidesoftheCanadianborderonthisguided,2-daytourtoNiagaraFalls.VisitNiagaraFallsonboththeAmericanandCanadiansidesandtakearideonthefamousMaidoftheMistboat.Then,ontheroadbacktoNewYorkCity,makeastoptoshopattheCrossingsPremiumOutlets,oneofthelargestoutletmallsintheUS.NapaandSonomaWineCountryTourEscapetoCalifornia’sfamouswinecountryonthisfull-daytourfromSanFrancisco.Tasteregionalvarietalsatthreedifferentwineriesincludingbothbig-nameandfamily-runestates(庄园).Learnaboutthewinemakingprocessduringguidedtours,andappreciatetheregionalculturewithastopforlunch.21．Whichtourshouldyouchooseifyouwanttodosomeshopping?A．MuirWoodsandSausalitoHalfDayTour.B．YosemiteNationalParkandGiantSequoiasDayTrip.C．NiagaraFallsTour.D．NapaandSonomaWineCountryTour.22．WhatcanyoudoonNapaandSonomaWineCountryTour?A．AppreciatesomeoftheoldestandtallesttreesonEarth.B．Enjoysupersizednaturalwonders.C．Getsomewinemakingknowledge.D．Takearideontheboat.23．Whatdoesthewriterintendtodobywritingthepassage?A．Tointroducesomeoutdooractivities.B．Tosharesometourexperiences.C．Toadvertiseforthewinecountry.D．Tocallforprotectingnaturalwonders.BAcaloriedeficitisastateinwhichyouburnmorecaloriesthanyouconsume.Asoneofthemostpopularapproachesoflosingweight,howdoesitwork?Forexample,ifyouburn2,500caloriesperdaybutonlyeat2,000，youhavecreatedadeficitof500caloriesperday.Thereismathematicalcertainty.But,thisbynomeanstellsthewholestoryabout3howcaloriesdeficitaffectsourlives.Beforewonderingwhatacaloriedeficitis,it’sprobablybesttolearnwhatacalorieis.Acalorieisaunitthatweusetotrackourbody’senergyexpenditure(消耗)andstorage.Inordertojuststayalive,humanbeings(andanimals)burncalories.Thismeans,evenbeforeweperformanyactivity,ourbodiesarealreadyusingenergy(measuredincalories)tokeepusalive.Around70%ofthecaloriesweconsumearespentonjustkeepingourvitalorgansrunning.Thus,ifapersonconsumescaloriesfarmorelessthanneededtolookthin，itmayhavenegativeeffectsonthebody.Whenpeoplepickupacaloriedeficit,theyoftenmerelynotethatthecaloriemathisirrefutable(无可辩驳的).Thequestionhereisthatnotallcaloriesarethesame.Ifyoueatafewbagsofpotatochipworthofcaloriestosupportthecalorieintakeneededtomaintainorcutdownonyourweight,itwillwork.But,thisdoesn’thavethesameeffectonyourbodyandoverallhealthasabalancednutritionalmealcontainingthesameamountofcalories.Itseemslikeasimpleunitofenergyhasbecomeanobjectofoursociety’sobsession.Itneedn'tbethatway.Remember,caloriedeficitsarejustatool,whichservesapurposeinlosingsomeweightandkeepingtrackofyourcalorieintakeseemssimpleenough.24．Whatdoweknowaboutthecaloriedeficit?A．Ithelpspeopleloseweight.B．Itisawayofdoingexercises.C．Itaffectspeople'slivespositively.D．Itmeansthecaloriespeopleconsume.25．WhichofthefollowingstatementscanbelearnedinParagraph2?A．Acalorieisaunittostoredailyenergy.B．Peopleneedtoburncaloriestobealive.C．Calorieintakeistokeepourorgansoperating.D．Livinganimalsonlyburncaloriesafteractivities.26．Whatissuggestedforpeopletoloseweighthealthily?A．Focusingonthecaloriemathwheneating.B．Focusingondifferentcalorieswheneating.C．Havingbagsofpotatochipscontainingenoughcalories.D．Havingbalancednutritionaldietscontainingpropercalories.27．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Influencesofcaloriedeficits.B．Approachestoloseweight.C．Distinctionsbetweencalories.D．Waystotrackcalorieintake.CAtinyAlaskavillagehasexperiencedaboomintourisminrecentyearsaspolarbearsspendmoretimeonlandthanonArcticseaice.Morethan2,000peoplevisitedthenorthernAlaskavillageofKaktovikin2018toseepolarbearsinthewild.Thefarnorthcommunityliesinanareawhereincreasinglyhighertemperaturehasspedupthemovementofseaice,theprimaryhabitat(栖息地)ofpolarbears.Asicehasgraduallymovedtodeepwaterbeyondthecontinentalshelf,morebearsareremainingonlandtolookforfood.PolarbearshavealwaysbeenacommonsightonseaicenearKaktovik,butvillagersstartednoticingachangeinthemid-1990s.Morebearsseemedtostayonland,andresearchersbegantakingnoteofmorefemalebearsmakinghomesinthesnowonlandinsteadofontheicetoraisetheirbabies.U.S.FishandWildlifeServicebiologistsbeganhearingreportsoftheincreasingnumberofpolarbearsintheareaintheearly2000s.Asmoreattentionwasgiventotheplight(困境)ofpolarbearsaboutadecadeago,moretouristsstartedheadingtoKaktovik.Thevillagehadfewerthan50visitorsannuallybefore2011,saidJenniferReed,oftheArcticNationalWildlifeRefuge.“Todaywe’retalkingabouthundredsandhundredsofvisitors,manyfromaroundtheworldeachyear,”Reedsaid.Mosttouristsvisitinthefall,whenbearsareforcedtowardlandbecauseseaiceisfarthestawayfromtheshore.BruceInglangasak,alocalhunterwhosometimesofferswildlife-viewingtours,saidbeenofferingpolarbeartourssince2004.Mostofhisclients(客户)arefromChinaandEurope,aswellasfromthelower48U.S.states.Manytouristsstayseveraldaysinthevillage,whichhastwosmallhotels.Thevillagershavebenefitedalotfromthat.Inturn,theyprovidemoreeffectiveprotectionforpolarbearswithfinancialsupportfromtourismdevelopment.28．WhatcausesmorepolarbearstostayonlandinKaktovik?A．Foodshortage.B．Climatechange.3C．Habitats,movementtoshore.D．Theirpreferenceforland.29．Howdidcommonpeoplefeelaboutmoresightofbearsonland?A．Excited.B．Puzzled.C．Concerned.D．Shocked.30．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．HotelsinKaktovikareindemandinautumn.B．Kaktovikhasabout50visitorsannually.C．Inglangasakmakesalivingasatourguide.D．Tourismaffectsthebalanceofnature.31．Whichsayingcandescribethetext?A．Thefittestcansurvive.B．Afterastormcomesacalm.C．Thereisalwaysopportunityincrisis.D．Everycoinhastwosides.DTherewasatimewhenthemajorconcernwithAIsafetyhadbeentheoneevilsuperintelligence,reflectedinthemovie“TheTerminator”.However,thegame“Tacoma”takesadifferentapproach.ItassumesthattherewillbenumerousAGI(artificialgeneralintelligence)intheworldandthatanyAGI,evenasafelydesignedone,inthewronghandsatthewrongtimecouldcauselive«tobelost.That'sthefuturethatagrowingnumberofAIsafetyexpertsareworriedabout.Thisisnotanewidea.Inthebook“EngineeringaSaferWorld,”MITprofessorNancyG.Levesonaddressescommonmisunderstandingsaboutsafety-criticalsystemsengineering:engineeringsystemswhosefailurecouldleadtohumanloss.Suchsafety-criticaltechnologiesincludeaviation,nuclearpower,automobiles,heavychemicals,biotechnology,and,ofcourse,AGI.Sowhatcanbedone?Technologyisn’talwaysthesolution.Afamousexampleistheinventionofsonicradars(声波雷达)thatweresupposedtohelpshipsdetectnearbyobstacles,butwhichonlyincreasedtherateofaccidents.Why?Captainssailedfaster,thinkingtheycouldgetawaywithitthankstothenewsafetytechnology.Insteadoftechnologies,Leveson'sbooksuggests,weshouldbemakingorganizationalchanges.Additionally,Levesonsuggests,amongmanycomplicatedguidelines,organizationsshouldbeawarethatsafetyguidelineswillinevitablybecomelaxovertime.Asaconsequence,measuresshouldbecarriedouttopreventpotentialdisasters.WhatlessonscanwedrawfromconcernwithAIsafety?Theanswermaylieinrecentdisasternarratives(叙述),whichremindusthat,especiallyinlimeslikethis,weshouldn'tforgetthepotentialforotherdisasters.Publicconsciencereallydoesmatter.Andifwe'reallbetteratthinkingaboutsafetywecitizens,maybewereallycanpreventdisasters.32．Whydoestheauthormentioned“TheTerminator”inthefirstparagraph?A．Toarousereaders'interestinTheTerminator.B．TointroducethetopicofconcernwithAIsafely.C．Tomentionthesimilaritybetween“TheTerminator”and“Tacoma”.D．Tomakereadersrecalltheevilsuperintelligencereflectedinthemovie.33．Whydidtherateofshipaccidentsstillincreaseaftertheinventionofsonicradars?A．Becausecaptainsseldomusedthem.B．Becausetheradarsfailedtoworkproperly.C．Becausecaptainsdependedonthemtoomuch.D．Becausetheshipscouldn'tdetectnearbyobstacles.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lax”inparagraph5referto?A．Safe.B．Important.C．Unreliable.D．Unnecessary.35．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．DisasterpreventionLessonsfromAI.B．Safetyproblemsinmodernsociety.C．Engineeringdevelopmentinmoderndays.D．Futureapplicationsofartificialintelligence.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Musicmakesyoumorecreative.36．,theycomeupwithmorecreativesolutions,according3toresearchers.Itmaybebecausemusicimprovesyourbrain’sflexibility.Anotherreasonmaybethatitrelaxesyouenoughforthecreativejuicestoflow.Butdon’tplaymusictooloudly.Musiccanhelpduringsurgery.37．.Aftersurgery,ithelpsreducepain.Ananalysisof73studiesconfirmedthatlisteningtomusicbefore,duringoraftersurgeryreducesanxietyandpainlevels,whichinturnmeanslesspainmedication.38．Studieshavefoundthatwhenyou’rerunning,bikingorwalking,you’llgofartherwithmusicon.Musicrelievesyourdiscomfortandmotivatesyoutostayon.Theeffectissoobviouslygreatthattheauthorofareviewexaminingthepsychologicaleffectsofmusiconexercisecalledmusic“atypeoflegalperformance-improvementdrug”.Musicaidssleep.Listeningtomusicbeforebedcanhelpyoufallasleepfasterandwakeuplessoftenduringthenight.39．.Inonestudy,seniorswithsleepproblemswholistenedto45minutesofsoftslowmusicbeforebedreporteda35percentimprovementintheirsleep.Musicgetsyoutoignorethepassingoftime.Scientistshaveshownrepeatedlythatpeoplejudgeaperiodofwaitingshorterwhenmusicisplaying.Businessmenusethattotheiradvantage,playingmusicsoyoustaylongerandspendmore.Forinstance,moredrinksandfoodaresoldinbarsandrestaurantswhenmusicisplayed.40．,grocerysalesincreaseby38percent.A．Inthiscase,you’llfeelmorerelaxedinthemorningB．AndifthebackgroundmusicisslowC．ThenyouplayapieceofbriefmusicD．WhenpeoplelistentohappymusicthanwhentheysitinsilenceE.WhenmusicisplayedvaryingfromatunetoanotherF.MusicmakesyougetridoftheideaofquittingaworkoutG.Listeningtomusicbeforesurgeryhasbeenshowntoeaseanxiety第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Fourth-grader,SarahHaycox,madeithermissiontorightawrong.Andindoingso,shehasshowntheworldwhatone41person,withpassion,cando.Oneday,when42byanathleticfieldnearherschool,Sarahnoticedasmall43withthenameEdwinT.Prattandtheyear1930-1969onit.She44whohewasandwhathedid.Aftersome45,shelearnedthathewasacivilrightsleaderwhohaddonemanygoodthingsto46others.Sadly,hewas47justbecausesomeonedisagreedwithwhathewasdoing.Feelingthatthesmallmemorialwas48bigenoughforamanwhohadsomuch49onothers,Sarah50todosomething!Therewasanew51goingupnearbyforyoungkids.Shefoundoutwhowere52thebuildingprojectandaskedthemifitcouldbenamedafterMr.Pratt.Throughgreatefforts,hervisioncametoreality!Almost50yearsafterhisdeath,EdwinPratt’slifeandimpactwillbecelebratedasthenameofthenewschool.MostkidssimplyhadwalkedbythememorialwithoutthinkingaboutwhoMr.Prattwas.ButSarahhadthe53tolearnmore,thevisiontoimaginesomethingbetterandthecourageto54heridea.Heramazingactionshave55manyotheryoungpeoplearoundtheworld.41．A．honestB．youngC．cleverD．shy42．A．walkingB．runningC．ridingD．driving43．A．museumB．churchC．boardD．memorial44．A．forgotB．realizedC．wonderedD．explained45．A．discussionB．researchC．practiceD．thought46．A．teachB．rescueC．helpD．repay47．A．killedB．punishedC．blamedD．arrested48．A．rarelyB．simplyC．merelyD．hardly49．A．impactB．impressionC．reflectionD．dependence50．A．stoppedB．decidedC．happenedD．announced51．A．libraryB．theatreC．schoolD．hospital52．A．inneedofB．insearchofC．infavourofD．inchargeof53．A．curiosityB．confidenceC．chanceD．energy54．A．proveB．changeC．presentD．pursue55．A．astonishedB．inspiredC．attractedD．protected3第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。EarthDay56．(found)in1970asadayofeducationaboutenvironmentalproblems,andEarthDay20occursonWednesday,April22—theholiday’s50thanniversary.Theholidayisnowaglobalcelebrationthat’ssometimesextendedintoEarthWeek,afullsevendaysof57．(event)focusedongreenliving.58．(elect)totheU.S.Senate（参议院）in1962,SenatorGaylordNelsonwasdeterminedtoconvincethefederalgovernmentthattheplanetwas59．risk.In1969,NelsondevelopedtheideaforEarthDayafter60．(inspire)bytheanti-VietnamWar“teach-ins”thatweretakingplaceoncollegecampusesaroundtheUnitedStates.DenisHayes,ayoungactivist61．hadservedasstudentpresidentatStanfordUniversity,wasselectedasEarthDay’snationalcoordinator（协调者）,andheworkedwith62．armyofstudentvolunteersandseveralstaffmembersfromNelson’sSenateoffice63．(organize)theproject.ThefirstEarthDaywaseffectiveatraising64．(aware)aboutenvironmentalproblemsandtransformingpublicattitudes.EarthDaykickedoffthe“Environmentaldecadewithabang,”asSenatorNelsonlaterputit.ThethemeofEarthDay2020is“climateaction.”EarthDay.orghopesitwillbethe65．(large)volunteereventinhistory.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）新华中学近期组织了校园劳动周(CampusLaborWeek)活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇简短的英文报道。内容包括：1.活动的时间与地点；2.活动的过程；3.你的评论。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Icouldn'tevensortthroughthefirstboxofourdogBama'stoyswithoutburstingintotears.Myhusband,Alan,foundmesittingonthefloor,holdingourdog'sfavoritetoy.Hegentlypulledmetomyfeet."It'sokay,Lisa,"hesaid."I'llputtheseaway.Whydon'tyougooutsideandgetsomeair?"Inodded.IthadbeenafewmonthssinceourbelovedBamahadpassedaway.AlanandIdidn'thavechildren.Ourboxer(拳师犬)wasourbaby.AfterBama'sdeath,wecouldn'tbringourselvestogothroughhistoystodecidewhattokeep.ItoldmyselfI'ddoitwhenIwasready.Apparently,Istillwasn't.NowIsatonmyfrontporch(门廊)andsobbed.Friendsandfamilyhadsuggestedwegetanotherdog,butAlanandIdismissedtheidea.Wecouldn'tgothroughthatkindofheartbreakagain.Igazedoutovertheyard.Acrossthestreetwasadog.Aboxer.Washerealorjustmywishfulimagination?Iblinked.Theboxerwasstillthere.Welockedeyes.Hecameacrossthestreet,straighttowardme.Hesitantly,Iofferedmyhand.Hesniffediteagerlythenhelicked(舔)me.Iletoutasurprisedlaugh.Hepushedhisheadintomylaptobepetted.ThisdogwasyoungerthanBama,smaller.Hewaswell-fedandwell-dressed.HeworeacollarbuthadnoID．Iknewhemustbelongtosomeoneintheneighborhood,butI'dneverseenanotherboxeraround.IwouldhaverememberedifIhad."Wheredidyoucomefrom?"Iaskedthedog,scratchinghimbehindtheears.3Hejustsatthereatease.Hedidn'tseemlost.Justasifheweredroppingbyforavisit."Alan!"Icalled."Youhavetocometoseethis!"Alanjoinedme,andwesattogetherinsurpriseforamoment.Thentheboxergotupandslowlyranoff.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1Thenextday,therewasastrangescratchingatthedoor.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2Aweeklater,ayoungmanI'dneverseenbeforecameintovisit.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3英语答案解析第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）【答案】1-5BCBBC6-10ABAAB11-15BCBCB16-20CACAA第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）【答案】21-23CCA【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。21．细节理解题。根据文章NiagaraFallsTour中的VisitNiagaraFallsonboththeAmericanandCanadiansidesandtakearideonthefamousMaidoftheMistboat.Then,ontheroadbacktoNewYorkCity,makeastoptoshopattheCrossingsPremiumOutlets,oneofthelargestoutletmallsintheUS.可知，在回纽约市的路上，可以在CrossingsPremiumOutlets停下来购物，这是美国最大的购物中心之一。故选C。22．细节理解题。根据文章NapaandSonomaWineCountryTour中的Learnaboutthewinemakingprocessduringguidedtours,andappreciatetheregionalculturewithastopforlunch.可知，在纳帕和索诺玛葡萄酒乡村之旅中，可以在导游的带领下了解葡萄酒酿造过程。故选C。23．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文是一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章主要向读者介绍了四个不同户外活动。故选A。【答案】24-27ABDA【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了卡路里的定义以及告诉我们不能仅仅看卡路里的数值，不能对于这样的能量单位太过痴迷。16．细节理解题。根据第一段Acaloriedeficitisastateinwhichyouburnmorecaloriesthanyouconsume.Asoneofthemostpopularapproachesoflosingweight可知，卡路里不足可以减肥。故选A项。17．细节理解题。根据第二段Inordertojuststayalive,humanbeings(andanimals)burncalories.可知，人需要燃烧卡路里才能活着。故选B项。18．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Ifyoueatafewbagsofpotatochipworthofcaloriestosupportthecalorieintakeneededtomaintainorcutdownonyourweight,itwillwork.But,thisdoesn’thavethesameeffectonyourbodyandoverallhealthasabalancednutritionalmealcontainingthesameamountofcalories.可知，作者建议食用含有适当的热量，营养均衡的饮食来减肥。故选D项。19．主旨大意题。根据第一段But,thisbynomeanstellsthewholestoryabouthowcaloriesdeficitaffectsourlives.及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了卡路里不足带来的影响。故选A项。【答案】28-31BCAD【解析】本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致海冰融化，北极熊登陆，为阿拉斯加的一个小村庄带来了巨大的人气，促进了当地旅游业发展，当地人又用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供积极的保护。28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的Thefarnorthcommunityliesinanareawhereincreasinglyhighertemperaturehasspedupthemovementofseaice,theprimaryhabitat(栖息地)ofpolarbears.Asicehasgraduallymovedtodeepwaterbeyondthecontinentalshelf,morebearsareremainingonlandtolookforfood.可知，全球变暖加速了海冰融化，破坏了北极熊原本的栖息地，越来越多的北极熊待在陆地上以寻找食物。故选B。29．推理判断题。根据第三段Morebearsseemedtostayonland,andresearchersbegantakingnoteofmorefemalebearsmakinghomesinthesnowonlandinsteadofontheicetoraisetheirbabies.和Asmoreattentionwasgiventotheplight(困境)ofpolarbearsaboutadecadeago,moretouristsstartedheadingtoKaktovik.可知，随着越来越多的北极熊出现在陆地上，研究人员、生物学家等也越来越多地关注北极熊所处的这一困境，随后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，大众对更多北极熊登陆现象表示关注。故选C。30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Mosttouristsvisitinthefall及Manytouristsstayseveraldaysinthevillage,whichhastwosmallhotels.可知，大多数游客会选择在秋季去Kaktovik游览，而且很多游客会在这个小村庄待上几天，而这个小村庄只有两个小旅馆，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅馆很抢手。故选A。31．推理判断题。通读文章可知，并根据第一段AtinyAlaskavillagehasexperiencedaboomintourisminrecentyear'saspolarbearsspendmoretimeonlandthanonArcticseaice.和第二段描述可知，因为全球气候变暖，北极熊被迫登陆来寻找食物以生存下去，这本来是北极熊的困境，然而北极熊登陆却促进了一个小村庄旅游业的发展，这对小村庄来说是一个机遇。再结合最后一段的Thevillagershavebenefitedalotfromthat.Inturn,theyprovidemoreeffectiveprotectionforpolarbearswithfinancialsupportfromtourismdevelopment.可推知，D项Everycoinhastwosides.“事物都有两面性”可以描述本文讲述的情况。故选D。【答案】32-35BCCA【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们对人工智能安全的担忧，作者提出如果公民都能更好地考虑安全问题，也许我们真的可以预防灾难的想法。32．推理判断题。根据第一段TherewasatimewhenthemajorconcernwithAIsafetyhadbeentheoneevilsuperintelligence,reflectedinthemovie“TheTerminator”.可推断，作者提及《终结者》是为了介绍本文对人工智能安全的担忧的主题。故选B项。333．细节理解题。根据第四段Captainssailedfaster,thinkingtheycouldgetawaywithitthankstothenewsafetytechnology.可见，是因为他们过于依赖新技术使得事故发生更多。故选C项。34．词义猜测题。根据第五段Asaconsequence,measuresshouldbecarriedouttopreventpotentialdisasters.可猜测，随着时间的推移，安全指南也不再安全，所以lax意为“不可靠的”。故选C项。35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段WhatlessonscanwedrawfromconcernwithAIsafety?及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述我们人类在人工智能安全中获得的教训。故选A项。【答案】36-40DGFAB【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐的一些好处，包括听音乐会使人更有创造力、有助于降低手术前、手术中或手术后的焦虑和疼痛水平、让人更能坚持锻炼以及辅助睡眠等等。36．根据后文theycomeupwithmorecreativesolutions,accordingtoresearchers.Itmaybebecausemusicimprovesyourbrain’sflexibility.Anotherreasonmaybethatitrelaxesyouenoughforthecreativejuicestoflow.可知他们会想出更有创意的解决方案。这可能是因为音乐提高了你大脑的灵活性。另一个原因可能是它能让你足够放松，让你的创造性思维得以流动。由此可知，本句是在说明当人们听着快乐的音乐时，他们会更有创造力。故D选项“当人们听着快乐的音乐，而不是静静地坐着”符合上下文语境，故选D。37．根据后文Aftersurgery,ithelpsreducepain.Ananalysisof73studiesconfirmedthatlisteningtomusicbefore,duringoraftersurgeryreducesanxietyandpainlevels,whichinturnmeanslesspainmedication.可知手术后，它有助于减轻疼痛。一项对73项研究的分析证实，在手术前、手术中或手术后听音乐可以降低焦虑和疼痛水平，从而减少止痛药。由此可知，本句是在说明手术前听音乐可以缓解焦虑。故G选项“手术前听音乐已被证明可以缓解焦虑”符合上下文语境，故选G。38．根据后文Studieshavefoundthatwhenyou’rerunning,bikingorwalking,you’llgofartherwithmusicon.Musicrelievesyourdiscomfortandmotivatesyoutostayon.可知研究发现，当你跑步、骑自行车或走路时，你会随着音乐走得更远。音乐可以缓解你的不适，激励你坚持下去。由此可知，运动时听音乐能让人坚持下去，走得更远，打消放弃的念头。故F选项“音乐能让你打消放弃锻炼的念头”符合上下文语境，故选F。39．根据上文Musicaidssleep.Listeningtomusicbeforebedcanhelpyoufallasleepfasterandwakeuplessoftenduringthenight.可知音乐辅助睡眠。睡前听音乐可以帮助你更快入睡，减少夜间醒来的次数。由此可知，音乐有助于睡眠质量的提高，那么结果就是人们早上醒来会感到更放松。故A选项“在这种情况下，你会在早上感到更放松”符合上下文语境，故选A。40．根据上文Scientistshaveshownrepeatedlythatpeoplejudgeaperiodofwaitingshorterwhenmusicisplaying.Businessmenusethattotheiradvantage,playingmusicsoyoustaylongerandspendmore.可知科学家们已经反复证明，当音乐响起时，人们会判断等待的时间变短了。商家利用这一点，播放音乐，让你待得更久，花得更多。以及后文grocerysalesincreaseby38percent.可知杂货店的销售额会增加38%。由此可知，在酒吧和餐厅播放的背景音乐如果是舒缓的，那么人们会停留更久，消费更多，从而导致杂货店的销售额会增加38%。故B选项“如果背景音乐是慢的”符合上下文语境，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）【答案】41-45BADCB46-50CADAB51-55CDADB【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Sarah通过自己的努力，让一个已被人忘记的人权运动领袖，重新被人纪念的故事。41．考查形容词词义辨析。上文提到“四年级的SarahHaycox”，由此可知应是年轻人。故选B项。42．考查动词词义辨析。根据最后一段第一行“MostkidssimplyhadwalkedbythememorialwithoutthinkingaboutwhoMr.Prattwas”可知，此处她是“走过”运动场。故选A项。43．考查名词词义辨析。根据最后一段第一行“MostkidssimplyhadwalkedbythememorialwithoutthinkingaboutwhoMr.Prattwas”可知，此处应是她注意到的一个“小纪念碑”。故选D项。44．考查动词词义辨析。根据第三段第一句话，她做了一些研究，最后知道了纪念碑主人的身份。故可推知，此处表示她“想知道”。故选C项。45．考查名词词义辨析。依据后面她得知的结果，说明是在“研究，调查”后得知的。故选B项。46．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，EdwinT.Pratt是一位民权领袖。人们给他树立了纪念碑，由此我们可知，他一定帮助过很多人。故选C项。47．考查动词词义辨析。划线后提到有人不同意他的做法，所以因此他被杀害。人们对此为他立碑。故选A项。48．考查副词词义辨析。根据上文可知，EdwinT.Pratt是一位民权领袖，同时他为人民做了很多的事情。因此可知，一个小小的纪念碑是不够的。另外根据后文可知，Sarah觉得纪念碑几乎不够大，所以她找了一个学校来以他命名。故选D项。49．考查名词词义辨析。前文提到了作为一位民权领袖，他帮助了很多人。同时Sarah觉得一个小小的纪念碑是不够的，是因为他“影响”了很多人。故选A项。50．考查动词词义辨析。由下文可知Sarah为了纪念这位民权领袖，她找了一所愿意以EdwinT.3Pratt命名的学校。因此可推出，此处表示Sarah决定做点什么。故选B项。51．考查名词词义辨析。根据倒数第二段最后一句提到的“新学校”可知，此处新建的是一所儿童学校。故选C项。52．考查介词短语辨析。根据下文提到的Throughgreatefforts,hervisioncametoreality可知，她的想法最终梦想成真。因此可知，她找到了“负责”这项建筑的人。故选D项。53．考查名词词义辨析。根据上文第4题提到的“她想知道他是谁，他干了什么事”可知，Sarah拥有好奇心。故此处的curiosity和第4题的wonder构成相互呼应。故选A项。54．考查动词词义辨析。根据上文提及的当Sarah觉得纪念碑太小，不足以纪念这位民权领袖时，她就找到新建学校的负责人，成功了说服他以EdwinT.Pratt来命名。由此可见Sarah有追求自己想法的勇气。故选D项。55．考查动词词义辨析。此处和文章第一段构成首尾呼应。根据第一段提及“她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情”可知，她的行为“激励”了世界各地其他年轻人。故选B项。第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】56．wasfounded57．events58．Elected59．at60．beinginspired61．who/that62．an63．toorganize64．awareness65．largest【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍地球日的由来。56．考查时态和语态。句中主语EarthDay与动词found之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句中时间状语in1970可知用一般过去时。且主语是第三人称单数，故填wasfounded。57．考查名词的数。名词event为可数名词，根据afullsevendaysof可知用复数形式，表示“为期七天的活动”。故填events。58．考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语SenatorGaylordNelson与elect之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填Elected。59．考查介词。短语atrisk表示“处境危险，遭受危险”。故填at。60．考查非谓语动词。介词after之后用v-ing形式。主语Nelson与inspire之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。故填beinginspired。61．考查定语从句。句中先行词为ayoungactivist，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或者that。故填who/that。62．考查冠词。anarmyof一大批,一大群。名词army发音是以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。63．考查非谓语动词。句中不定式作目的状语。故填toorganize。64．考查名词。动词raise后接名词形式作宾语。故填awareness。65．考查形容词最高级。句意：EarthDay.org希望这将是历史上规模最大的志愿者活动。根据句意可知，这里用形容词最高级形式。故填largest。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）Inordertoenhancestudents’physicalquality,ourschoolorganizeda“CampusLaborWeek”activity.ItwasheldfromMay15thto19thinourschool.Somelecturesonlaborskillsweregivenonthefirstday,fromwhichwebenefittedalot.CuttingtreesandwateringflowerswereattractionstoSeniorOne.Varietiesofotherlaborprojectsgaveusunforgettableexperiences.Undoubtedly,notonlycanthiseventenrichourschoollife,butalsoofferusopportunitiestolearnmoredailypracticalskills!第二节读后续写（满分25分）Thenextday,therewasastrangescratchingatthedoor.Iopeneditandfoundmyunexpectedguest—themysteryboxer,whoseemedtostillrememberme.Hecameoverlightlyandlickedmyhand,asiftryingtoerasemypainfulmemories.Seeinghimfollowmefromroomtoroom,Igraduallyfelttheacheinmyheartlessen.IsuddenlyrealizedthatIcouldpassBama'sfavoritetoystomyguest.SoeachdayIwouldstandatthefrontdoor,waitingforthehappymomentwhenmyguestcameandplayedwiththetoys.Aweeklater,ayoungmanI'dneverseenbeforecameintovisit.Themansaidhisfamilyhadjustmovedtotheneighborhood.HeaskedmeifIhappenedtoseeadog,aboxerrecently.Isaid"Yes"andtoldhimactually"myguest"hadbeenpayingmeregularvisits.Helookedembarrassedandthenapologizedforthetroublehiscutiecausedforme.Itoldhimthereisnoneedtoapologizeandactuallyhewasabighelpinworkingthroughmygrief.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincethatday.NowBama'stoysdon'tjustsitintheroom,gatheringdust.3
