代词一.概念:代词是代替名词的词二．类别及用法：1.人称代词人称代词可以指人，也可以指物，有人称、数和格的变化；其中主格做主语，宾格作宾语、表语或同位语。人称代词单数复数我你他她它我们你们他们主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem2.形容词性物主代词:置于名词之前，作定语，表示所属关系。物主代词名词性物主代词:相当于形物代+名词物主代词我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形物代myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名物代mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs3.反身代词：反身代词在句子中常做宾语表语同位语，不可单独做主语。反身代词的人称和数必须与所指代的名词或代词一致。第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesEg.WouldyoupleaseexpressyourselfinEnglish?解析：设空出作宾语且与主语为同一人，故用反身代词。反身代词常见搭配;enjoyoneself玩儿得愉快,teachoneself自学，dressoneself自己穿衣服，\nseatoneself坐下，behaveoneself举止得体，makeoneselfathome别拘束cometooneself苏醒，devoteoneselfto致力于，byoneself独自地，foroneself为自己1.it的用法：（1）指示代词：A.性别等信息不明确的人B.指代上文提到过的事物或事情C.指时间、距离、天气等（2）作形式主语：A.代替动词不定式（短语）B.Itis+adj.(for/ofsb)todosth.C.Ittakessb.…todosth..(3)代替动名词（短语）Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth.(4)代替主语从句Itis+adj.+that从句.Itseems/appears/looks/happensthat….Itisapity/ashame/anhonor/agoodthingthat….Itissaid/believed/reported/estimatedthat….Itis(high/about)timethat….(虚拟)（5)作形式宾语，代替动名词（短语），不定式（短语）或宾语从句等;Ithink/find/believe/consider/feel/makeit+adj./n(for/ofsb)+todosth.Ithink/find/believe/consider/feel/makeituseless/nouse/nogooddoingsth.Howdoyoulikeitif…？如果……，你有什么感想？Ilike/enjoy/love/prefer//dislike/hate/appreciateitif/when从句.（6）虚义it:用在强调句中，Itis/was…that/who….（7）固定搭配：Whenitcomesto…,一提到……Takeiteasy.放轻松，别着急;Italldepends依情况而定;Don’tmentionit.不客气；Believeitornot.信不信由你；makeit成功做到;getit理解明白;\n1.表示不同范围的不定代词都任何一个都不另外两者botheitherneithertheother三者及以上allanynoneanother2.不定代词表“多少”许多many加可数名词复数much加不可数名词一点儿afew加可数名词复数alittle加不可数名词几乎没有few加可数名词复数little加不可数名词3.易混辨析one泛指，相当于a/an+单数可数名词；ones泛指复数名词theone特指，相当于the+单数可数名词theones/those特指，相当于the+复数名词it代指上文中的同一事物that特指，相当于the+单数可数名词/不可数名词；比较；三、解题技巧根据句子成分,语意，搭配来确定代词形式：1.无提示词时，如果空格所在句缺少主语或宾语一定是填代词。2.作主语,用人称代词主格。3.作宾语或表语,用人称代词宾格。4.作定语,修饰一个名词,用形容词性物主代词。5.作主语、宾语或表语，表示所属关系，且单独使用，用名词性物主代词。6.作宾语、表语或同位语，且反射句子主语,用反身代词。\nI.高考真题再现（代词）1.Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive____atry.2.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind____(they)alive.3.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing____everyday.4.Therearetwowaysleadingintothewoods，andfortunately____seemstobepossible.5.It'salovelyday.Ilove____whentheweatherislikethis.6.Neverleavetootherswhatyououghttodo________(you).7.Ifyoudon'tbuildyourdream,someonewillhireyoutobuild____(they).8.Ofallhispoems,Ilikethe_____thatareconnectedwithnaturebest.9.Canyouexplainhow_____cameaboutthatsheheardourconversationbyaccident?10.Thegirlwouldratherbe____butordinary;shewaslongingtobeasuperstar.However,sheturnedouttobenobody.11.Clothingmadeofman-madefibershascertainadvantagesover____madeofnaturalfiberslikecotton,woolorsilk.12.Wefound____hardtofollowProfessorLin'slecturebecauseshekeptjumpingfromonesubjecttoanother.II.单句改错1.Fromthenon,Istartedtoplaymyfootballwithclassmatesafterschool.2.Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentthatiscreatedforthem.3.IfeltsobadalldayyesterdaythatIdecidedthismorningIcouldn'tfaceotherdaylikethat.4.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn'tanswernoneofthem.5.Overthepast20years,theInternethelpedchangeourworldinanywayoranotherforthebetter.6.Thetwogirlsaregettingonverywellandsharemanywitheachother.\n7.ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseum,youcanusetheInternetorgotothelibrary,orneither.8.ThechairmanthoughtnecessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.9.Weusedtomistakethatheavyobjectsfellfasterthanlightone.10.Everyonelikesmoney,butmoneyisnotanything.11.She'dlivedinLondonandManchester,butshelikedbothandmovedtoCambridge.12.Asmilecostssomething,butgivesmuch.III.语篇语法填空WhenIwasachildin1940s,myfamilywasverypoor,justlike(1)_____averagefamiliesinthecountryside.Thesecond-handclothes,rain-leakingroofofoldhousebecamepartof(2)____(I)memory.However，theworstimpressionisthatIwasfeelinghungryallthetime.Sometimeshungerhit(3)____(I)soseverelythatIregardeddriedsweetpotatoslicesasdelicioussnack.At(4)____time,mydreamwasgettingenoughtofillmyemptystomach.Intheearlyyearsof1980s,asthereformandopening-uppolicywascarriedout,thechildhooddreamcametrue.Andthen,(5)______dreambecameclearerandclearerinmymind.Imusttrymybesttoescapeoutof(6)____(I)poorandbackwardhometown.Iworkedharderatmystudythanmostofmyclassmates,and,afterluckilysucceedinginthenationalcollegeentranceexamination,(7)____(me)realizedmydreamagain:aftergraduation,Ibecameacitizenworkinginacity.Asthefirstcollegegraduateoutofaremotevillage,(8)____(I)successsetanexampleformyfolks.Theycametorealizethatschoolingisagoodwaytochange(9)_____fate(命运).Inthefollowingyears,therewerefewerdrop-outsandmorecollegegraduatesinmyvillage,andof(10)______Iamproudeventoday.\nI.高考真题再现（代词）1.it2.them3.it4.either5.it6.yourself7.theirs8.ones9.it10.anything11.that12.itII.单句改错1.去掉my2.yourselves→themselves3.other→another4.none→any5.any→one6.many→much7.neither→both8.thought后边加it9.one→ones10.anything→everything11.both→neither12.something→nothingIII.语篇语法填空1.other2.my3.me4.that/the5.another6.my7.I8.my9.their/one’s10.them
