福州市2022高考英语（2022暑假）阅读理解训练（5）及答案解析4．主旨大意题：此题考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。出试题的模式多为：1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitle?2.Thepassageismainlyabout_____.3.Thewriter`spurposeisthat_____.4.Themainideaofthearticleis____.5.Fromthepassagewelearnthat______.6.Thekeypointofthepassageis___.7.Thearticlemainlytellsusabout____.8.Inthepassagethewriterarguesthat____.说明文一般有主题句，所以寻找主题句显得尤其重要，一般主题句在句首，有时候在句末。有时候，有的说明文、议论文的主题句要通过每段的主题句归纳得出。Ifyouarelikemoststudents,youprobablyreadbothathomeandoutsideyourhome:perhapssomewhereonyourschoolyardandmaybeevenatworkduringyourbreaks.Yourreadingenvironmentcanhaveagreateffectonyourunderstanding,soyougivesomethoughttohowyoucancreateorchoosetherightreadingenvironments.Theenvironmentallowstostayalterandtokeepallofyourattentiononthetext,especiallywhenitisbothinterestinganddifficult.Whenyouareathome,youcanusuallycreateeffectiveconditionsforreading.Youmightwanttochooseaparticularplace–adeskortable,forexample–whereyoualwaysread.Makesuretheplaceyouchooseiswelllighted,andsitinachairthatrequiresyoutositstraight.Readinginachairthat`stoosoftandcomfortableislikelyyoumakeyousleepy!Keepyouractivereadingtools(pens,markers,notebooksorpaper)andadictionarycloseathand.Beforeyousitdownforareadingperiod,trytoreduceallpossibleinterruptions.Turnoffyourphone,thetelevision,andtheradio.tellyourfamilymembersorroommatesthatyouwillbebusyforawhile.Ifnecessary,puta“Donotdisturb”signonyourdoor!Themoreinterruptionsyoumustdealwithwhileyouread,-9-\ntheharderitwillbetokeepyourattentiononthetaskathand.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?WhattoReadB.TheWaystoReducePossibleInterruptionsCCreatinganEffectiveReadingEnvironmentD.HowtoReadFast答案：C解析：本文是说明文，主题句是第一段第二句。意思是怎样创设良好的阅读环境。*********************************************************结束1.Whenitcomestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whopossesswingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate(照亮)meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisforthesepeoplethatIreservetheglowinghours,toogoodnottoshare.WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.Wewereshyand“tooserious”aboutourstudieswhenitwasbecomingfashionablewithourclassmatestolearnacceptablesocialbehaviors.Wesaidlittleatschool,butshewouldcometomyhouseandwewouldsitdownwithpencilsandpaper,andoneofuswouldsay:“Let’sstartwithatrainwhistletoday.”Wewouldsitquietlytogetherandwriteseparatepoemsorstoriesthatgrewoutofatrainwhistle.Thenwewouldreadthemaloud.Attheendofthatschoolyear,we,too,werechangedintosocialcreaturesandthestoriesandpoemsstopped.WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend.Hewasindespair（失望）andIwasindespair.Butourfriendshipwasbasedontheideaineachofusthatwewouldbesorrylaterifwedidnotexplorethisgreatcitybecausewehadfeltbadatthetime.WemeteverySundayforfiveweeksandfoundmanyexcellentthings.Wewalkeduntilourdespairsdisappearedandthenweparted.WegaveLondontoeachother.ForalmostfouryearsIhavehadaremarkablefriendwhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.Wewritelonglettersinwhichweoftendiscoverourstrangestselves.Eachofusappears,sometimesinafunnyway,intheother’sdreams.SheandIagreethat,atcertaintimes,weseemtobepartsofthesamemind.Inmymostinterestingmoments.-9-\nIoftenthink:“Yes,Imusttell…”Wehavenevermet.ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofapsychologist(心理学家),whowillonlyfillupthehealing(愈合的)silencenecessarytothosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.66.Intheeighthgrade,whattheauthordidbeforedevelopingpropersocialbehaviorwasto______.A.becomeseriousaboutherstudyB.gotoherfriend’shouseregularlyC.learnfromherclassmatesatschoolD.sharepoemsandstorieswithherfriend67.InParagraph3,“WegameLondontoeachother”probablymeans__________.A.ourexplorationofLondonwasamemorablegifttobothofusB.wewereunwillingtotearourselvesawayfromLondonC.ourunpleasantfeelingsaboutLondondisappearedD.wepartedwitheachotherinLondon68.AccordingtoParagraph4,theauthorandherfriend_______.A.calleachotherregularlyB.havesimilarpersonalitiesC.enjoywritingtoeachotherD.dreamofmeetingeachother69.Inthedarkestmoments,theauthorwouldpreferto_____.A.seekprofessionalhelpB.beleftaloneC.staywithherbestfriendD.breakthesilence70.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.UnforgettableExperiencesB.RemarkableImaginationC.LifelongFriendshipD.NobleCompanions参考答案3.66-70DACBD***********************************************************结束2.TheDietZone:ADangerousPlaceDietCoke,dietPepsi,dietpills,on-fatdiet,vegetablediet…Wearesurrounded-9-\nbytheword“diet”everywherewelookandlisten.Wehavesoeasilybeenattractedbythepromiseandpotentialofdietproductsthatwehavestoppedthinkingaboutwhatdietproductsaredoingtous.WearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologicallyandPhysically（身体上）.Dietproductssignificantlyweakenuspsychologically.Ononelevel,wearenotallowingourbrainstoadmitthatourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingtheweight,butincontrollingtheconsumptionoffatty,high-calorie,unhealthyfoods.Dietproductsallowustojumpoverthethinkingstageandsostraightforthescale（秤）instead.Alwehavetodoistoswalloworrecognizetheword“diet”infoodlabels.Onanotherlevel,dietproductshavegreaterpsychologicaleffects.Everytimewehaveazero-caloriedrink,wearetellingourselveswithoutourawarenessthatwedon’thavetoworktogetresults.Dietproductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpain,andthatlifecanbewithoutresistanceandstruggle.Thedangerofdietproductsliesnotonlyinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonus,butalsointhephysicalharmthattheycause.Dietfoodscanindirectlyharmourbodiesbecauseconsumingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearepreventingourbodiesfromhavingbasicnutrients（营养成分），Dietfoodsanddietpillscontainzerocalorieonlybecausethedietindustryhascreatedchemicalstoproducethesewonderproducts.Dietproductsmaynotbenutritional,andthechemicalsthatgointodietproductsarepotentiallydangerous.Nowthatweareawareoftheeffectsthatdietproductshaveonus,itistimetoseriouslythinkaboutbuyingthem.Losingweightliesinthepowerofminds,notinthepowerofchemicals.Oncewerealizethis,wewillbemuchbetterabletoresistdietproducts,andthereforepreventthepsychologicalandphysicalharmthatcomesfromusingthem.71.FromParagraph1,welearnthat.A.dietproductsfailtobringoutpeople’spotentialB.peoplehavedifficultyinchoosingdietproductsC.dietproductsaremisleadingpeopleD.peoplearefedupwithdietproducts-9-\n72.Onepsychologicaleffectofdietproductsisthatpeopletendto.A.tryoutavarietyofdietfoodsB.hesitatebeforetheyenjoydietfoodsC.payattentiontotheirowneatinghabitsD.watchtheirweightratherthantheirdiet73.InParagraph3,“gaincomeswithoutpain”probablymeans.A.losingweightiseffortlessB.itcostsalottoloseweightC.dietproductsbringnopainD.dietproductsarefreefromcalories74.Dietproductsindirectlyharmpeoplephysicallybecausesuchproducts.A.areover-consumedB.lackbasicnutrientsC.areshortofchemicalsD.providetoomuchenergy75.Whichofthefollowingshowthestructureofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要点)C：Conclusion参考答案71-75CDABB******************************************************结束London---“Everyonehasone!”Lucydeclaredtoherparents,tryingtogetacell-phoneasagiftforher14thbirthday.Herparentsgavein.Curioustoknowhowherdaughterwouldusethephone,JaneBidder,themother,followedLucytotheschoolbusinthemorning.Thebuseats20,ofwhomhalfhaveacell-phone.Oneringsandseveraladolescentownersfeelintheirbags.Manyparentshavejustrealizethatthecell-phoneisnolongeronlyfortraveling-9-\nbusinessmen—itisaslikelytobefoundinschoolbags.Thecell-phoneseemstohavebecomesomethingessentialfortoday`steensinBritain,accordingtoasurveypublishedlastweek,byNOP,aleadingmarketresearchcompanyinBritain.Researchfoundthat66percentof16-year-oldsnowhaveaccesstoacell-phone.Thecell-phonehasbeenturnedintoasecretmessagingservicebyteen-users.Whentheyaretalkingonthecell-phone,theirparentsarenotabletoeavesdroponthesecondline.Theinterviewswith2,019youngpeopleaged7to16foundthattheyfavorthetextmassagingservicesbecausetheyofferasecretwayofkeepingintouch.Thedaysofsecretnotesintheclassroomaredyingout.Forexample,“cya”means“seeyou”;“lol”means“laughoutloud”;and“2nite”isanabbreviationof“tonight”.AllthesearebasedonshorthandphrasesusedontheInternet.Manyschoolshavebannedstudentsusingcell-phones.Buttheyarenotverysuccessful.Stillphonesringintheclassanddisturbstudy.Besides,peopleareworriedaboutthehealthrisktokidsusingcell-phoneradiation.18.ThestoryofLucytoshowus____.A.Britishparentsmeettheirchildren`sneedswhatevertheyare.B.Britishkidshavegoodrelationshipswiththeirparents.C.howBritishparentsacceptthetruthofteenagersowningacell-phone.D.whyeverychildgetsacell-phoneasabirthdaypresentinUK.19.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthisnewsstory?A.Schoolbanscell-phonesB.Parents`curiosityaboutchildrenusingcellphones.C.Cell-phonepopularityamongUKteensD.SecretmessagespopularamongkidsinUK.20.Interviewdiscoverchildrenlikesendingmessagesinsteadof_____.A.callingeachother-9-\nB.writingnotestoeachotherC.playinggamesonlineD.greetingeachother【参考答案】E18.推理题。第三自然段，许多父母都意识到孩子们也可以拥有手机。故此答案选:C19.主旨大意。通过父母的见闻，说明手机在英国学生中很普遍。故此答案选：C20．细节题。倒数第五段，Theinterviewswith2,019youngpeopleaged7to16foundthattheyfavorthetextmassagingservicesbecausetheyofferasecretwayofkeepingintouch.Thedaysofsecretnotesintheclassroomaredyingout.可以知道，学生喜欢发短信，故此答案为:B****************************************************************结束5、（2022·吉林省吉林一中冲刺）Babiesarebornyogis.Oncewewereallabletopullourtoesupbyourearsandlaughaboutit.Thenweaged,gotinjured,andbegancarryingstressinourshouldersandback.Inshort,welostourbalance.Yoga（瑜伽）isanancientpracticethathelpscreateasenseofunioninbody,mind,andspirit.Itbringsusbalance.IwasseriouslyoutofbalancewhenIstartedpracticingyogain1999.Ihadplantarfascitisinbothfeet,andmydoctorhadwarnedmeagainstallthethingsIlovedtodo:walking,hiking,andplayingtennis.Iwasdesperateforexercise.Yogabecamemysalvationandevenenhancedmyotherfitnessactivities.Ipracticeyogaatleasttwiceaweek,butIconsideryogatobepartofmydailylifebecauseafterawhileyounolongerjustpracticeyoga—youloveit.Yogabecomespartofyourphysicallife.Yourbodygrowsstronger,moretoned,andmoreflexibleasyoumovefromoneposetotheother.IspentaweekinMexicoatayogaretreat,anditwasthefirstvacationonwhichIlostweight.“Ratherthanbuildingmuscle,yogabuildsmuscletone,”saysShaktaKaurKhalsa,authorof-9-\ntheK.I.S.S.GuidetoYoga.“Becauseyogahelpsmaintainabalancedmetabolism(新陈代谢),italsohelpstoregulateweight.Additionally,yogastretchesmuscleslengthwise,causingfattoberemovedaroundthecells.”Idoyogaposesthroughouttheday.Afterhoursatmycomputer,Istretchmystiffshouldersandarms.WhenIneedaboostofenergy,Idoenergizingposes.WhenIamfeelingexhaustedattheendoftheday,Idorestorativeposes.Yogabecomespartofyourmentallife.Yogateachesyoutofocusonbreathingwhileyouholdtheposes.Thisattentiontobreathiscalming;itdissolvesstressandanxiety.Iuseyogicbreathingonthetenniscourts,inthedentist’schair,andintrafficjams.Youshouldalwaysleaveayogapracticefeelingenergized,nottired.Ifyoufeeltiredafteryoga,itmeansyouspentthetime“fighting”yourself,tryingtoforceyourselfintoposes.Inyoga,you“surrender”totheposebylettinggoofthetension.Yogabecomespartofyourspirituallife.Yogaispracticedbypeoplefromallreligions;itisnotrestrictedtoanyreligiousgroup.Yogateaches“right”livinginhowwedealwithourselvesandothers.AsIworkonadifficultpose,Ilearnpatience,forgiveness,andthevalueofgentleness.Yogaadvocatespropereating,butyoudon’thavetobeavegetariantopracticeyoga.45.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.What’sYoga?B.HowIDoYogaPosesC.TheBenefitsofYogaD.TheVarietiesofYoga46.Accordingtothethirdparagraph,yogacanhelppeople__________.A.growtallerB.loseweightC.becomeflexibleinthinkingD.makemorefriends47.Peoplefeeltiredafteryogabecause__________.A.theyconsumeenergyinpracticingyogaB.theyrespondwelltoyogaposesC.theyspendtoomuchtimeonyogaD.theyforcethemselvesintoyogaposes48.Ifthispassagecontinues,whatwillthewritermostprobablywriteaboutinthe-9-\nnextparagraph?A.Yogaasameanstokeepfit.B.Differentyogaposes.C.Popularityofyogaallovertheworld.D.Encouragingpeopletodoyoga.5、参考答案---45-48CBDD***************************************************************结束-9-
