福州市2022高考英语（2022暑假）阅读理解训练（11）及答案解析史地常识型阅读理解(一)TheBestofAlaskaNothingevokes(唤起)Alaskalikeawhaleexplodingoutofthewateroraneaglepullingasilverfishfromtheriver.Combinetheseimageswithhighmountains,brillianticebergsandwonderfulmealsandyoureallydohavetheBestofAlaska!Joinusforanunforgettable7dayexcursion(远足)tothelastfrontier!Highlights：JUNEAU:Juneau,thestatecapital,isrichincultureandscenicbeauty.Itisherethatwestartandendourtrip.HAINES:Hainesisasmallcommunitylocatedalongthefjords(海湾).ThenaturalbeautyandexpansivewildernessfoundherehavemadeHainesapremiercenterforadventureinAlaska.ALASKAINDIANARTS:AlaskaIndianArtsisanonprofitcorporationdedicatedtothepreservationandcontinuationoftraditionalnativecraftandcultureoftheNorthwestNativeTribes.Wespendafewhourslearningcarving,nativebeading(玻璃珠)andculturefromthesemasterartists.SKAGWAY:Skagwayisalivelytown,whichstillreflectsitsgoldrushrootsandcontainscolorfulshops.InSkagway,westopbytheKlondikeGoldRushNationalParkVisitor’sCenterandridetheWhitePassYukonRouteRailway.GUSTAVUS:GustavusisthegatewaytoGlacierBayNationalPark.We’llstayatacomfortablelodgeherefortwonights.ThiswillbethebaseforboththewhalewatchingexcursionandafulldaycruiseinGlacierBay.DATES/PRICES:2022:May15,June17,July16,August14.7days—$3500,includinglodging,allmeals,excursions,guides,parkfees,salestaxes,andtransportationbetweenJuneau,Skagway,Haines,andGustavus.Notincluded:Alcohol,personalitems,airfaretoandfromJuneau.Contact:Email:info@alaskamountainguides.comCall:800－766－3396Write:AlaskaMountainGuides&ClimbingSchool-8-\nP．O.Box1081,HainesAK99827( )6.Youcanfeelthehistoryofthelocalplaceat________.A．Juneau B．SkagwayC．HainesD．Gustavus( )7.Youcanwatchawhaleexplodingoutofthewaterat________.A．GlacierBayNationalParkB．theKlondikeGoldRushNationalParkC．theWhitePassYukonD．thefjords( )8.Accordingtotheadvertisement,theparticipantsoftheexcursion________.A．willspendonedayexperiencingthelocalcultureatAlaskaIndianArtsB．cancontactAlaskaMountainGuides&ClimbingSchoolbyemailorfaxC．areabletoexperiencesomeadventurousactivitiesinHainesD．cangetlotsoftraditionalnativeartworksfreeofcharge( )9.Whichofthefollowingisaparticipantrequiredtopayadditionalfees?A．GoingfromGustavustoJuneaubytrain.B．AfulldaycruiseinGlacierBay.C．HavingthelastsupperatJuneau.D．FlyingfromJuneautohishometown.( )10.Itisknownfromtheadvertisementthat________.A．thenativecultureoftheNorthwestNativeTribesisdyingoutB．Juneau,asthestatecapital,ismuchmorebeautifulthanHainesC．SkagwaywastherichesttownofAlaskainthepastD．Alaskaisfamousforitsculture,historyandnaturalbeauty(一)本则广告主要介绍了阿拉斯加州的自然景观及其历史文化以吸引游客。6．B 细节理解题。根据Skagwayisalivelytown,whichstillreflectsitsgoldrushrootsandcontainscolorfulshops.可判断选B。7．A 细节理解题。根据GustavusisthegatewaytoGlacierBayNationalPark.We’llstayatacomfortablelodgeherefortwonights.ThiswillbethebaseforboththewhalewatchingexcursionandafulldaycruiseinGlacierBay.可判断选A。8．C 推理判断题。根据Hainesisasmallcommunitylocatedalongthefjords(海湾).ThenaturalbeautyandexpansivewildernessfoundherehavemadeHainesapremiercenterforadventureinAlaska.可推断选C。9．D 细节理解题。根据includinglodging,allmeals,excursions,guides,parkfees,-8-\nsalestaxes,andtransportationbetweenJuneau,Skagway,Haines,andGustavus.Notincluded:Alcohol,personalitems,airfaretoandfromJuneau.可判断选D。10．D 推理判断题。根据“Highlights”介绍的几处景点可知，它们要么以当地历史或文化，要么以当地自然景观而出名。由此不难推断，阿拉斯加州以其历史、文化和自然景观出名。***********************************************************结束（2022年陕西一省宝鸡市高三教学质量检测） AftergraduationIreturnedhometomysmalltowninIndiana.Ididn’thaveajobyet.Mr.Hobbs,afriendofmyfather’s,ownedasmallshirtfactoryintown.Withinthepastfiveyearsithadgrownfromtwentytoeightyworkers.Mr.Hobbswasworriedthathisplantwasgettingtoobigandinefficient,soheaskedmetocomeinonashort-termbasisasaconsultant. Iwenttotheplantandspentaboutaweeklookingaroundandmakingnotes.IwasreallyamazedatwhatIsaw. Mostcuriousofall,therewasnoqualitycontrolatall.Nooneinspectedthefinalproductofthefactory.Asaresultsomeoftheshirtsthatwereputinboxesforshipmentweremissingoneortwobuttons,thecollar,andevenasleevesometimes! Theworkingconditionswerepoor.Thetableswheretheworkerssatwereveryhighanduncomfortable.Exceptforahalfhouratlunchtime,therewerenobreaksinthedaytorelievetheboringwork.Therewasnomusic.Thewallsoftheworkroomswereadullgraycolor.Iwasamazedthattheworkershadn’tgoneonstrike. Furthermore,theworkflowwasirregular.Therewasoneespeciallyabsent-mindedyoungmanintheassembly（组装）linewhosewedonbuttons.AfterawhileIrecognizedhimas"BigJim",whousedtositbehindmeinmathclassinhighschool.Hewasveryslowandalltheshiftswereheldupathisposition.Workers-8-\nbeyondhiminlineonhisshifthadtowaitwithnothingtodo;therefore,agreatdealoftimeandefficiencywerelostasBigJimdaydreamedwhileheworked.AllweekIwonderedwhyhewasn’tfired. AfterImadeobservationsforaweek,Mr.Hobbsaskedmeforanoralreportofmyfindings.(1)TheshirtsfromMr.Hobbs’factorycanbedescribedas____.A．oflowquality B．ofhighqualityC．fashionable D．unfashionable(2)WhydidMr.Hobbsaskthewritertothefactory?A．Thefactorywastoobig.B．Thefactorywasnotproducingfastenough.C．Thefactorywasnotbigenough.D．Thewriterwasacollegegraduate.(3)Whichisnotlikelytohappeninthefactory?A．Theworkerswillhavemorerestintheday.B．Someonewillexaminethefinalproduct.C．Newmachineswillbebought.D．Thefactorywillberepainted.(4)BigJimmaygetfiredmainlybecause____.-8-\nA．hewasslow B．hewastedmuchtimeC．hewasabsent-minded D．theworkflowwasirregular【解析】 本文为记叙文。作者大学毕业后被父亲的一个开衬衫厂的朋友雇用为短期顾问，结果作者对他的调查结果很是吃惊。欲知详情，请读文章。(1)A 细节理解题。第三段说由于最后的产品无人检查，结果使有些装在箱子里要运送的衬衫缺纽扣、领子、甚至缺袖子，由此可知，Mr.Hobbs的工厂生产的衬衫质量很差。(2)B 细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句可知，作者被请到工厂去的原因是工厂的效率很低，也就是生产不够快。(3)C 细节判断题。缺乏机器的事文中没有提到，所以买机器的事不可能发生。根据第四段的信息“除了半小时的午休时间，白天再没有放松的时间”可知A项的事情可能会发生；根据第三段的第二句“无人检查最后的产品”可知B项的事情可能会发生；根据第四段的倒数第二句可知D项的事情可能会发生。(4)C 推理判断题。虽然四个选项在第五段都被提到过，但A、B、D都是因为C引起的，所以C项是BigJim可能会被解雇的主要原因。************************************************************结束1（南昌市2022年高三年级第一次模拟考试） He’sanoldcobbler(修鞋匠)withashopintheMarais,ahistoricareainParis.WhenItookhimmyshoes,heatfirsttoldme："Ihaven’ttime.Takethemtotheother-8-\nfellowonthemainstreet;he’llfixthemforyourightaway." ButI’dhadmyeyeonhisshopforalongtime.Justlookingathisbenchloadedwithtoolsandpiecesofleather.Iknewhewasaskilledcraftsman(手艺人)."No，"Ireplied."theotherfellowcan’tdoitwell." "Theotherfellow"isoneofthoseshopkeeperswhofixshoesandmakekeys"while-U-wait"—withoutknowingmuchaboutmendingshoesormakingkeys.Theyworkcarelessly，andwhentheyhavefinishedsewingbackasandalstrap(鞋带)youmightaswelljustthrowawaythepair. ThemansawIwouldn’tgivein,andhesmiled.Hewipedhishandsonhisblueapron(围裙),lookedatmyshoes,hadmewritemynameononeshoewithapieceofchalkandsaid."Comebackinaweek." Iwasabouttoleavewhenhetookapairofsoftleatherbootsoffashelf. "SeewhatIcando?"hesaidwithpride."OnlythreeofusinPariscandothiskindofwork." WhenIgotbackoutintothestreet.theworldseemedbrand-newtome.Hewassomethingoutofanancientlegend,thisoldcraftsmanwithhiswayofspeakingfamiliarly,hisverystrange,dustyfelthat,hisfunnyaccentfromwho-knows-whereand,aboveall,hisprideinhiscraft. Thesearetimeswhennothingisimportantbutthebottomline,whenyoucandothingsanyoldwayaslong asit"pays",when,inshort,peoplelookonworkasapathtoever-increasingconsumption(消费)ratherthanawaytorealizetheirownabilities.Insuchaperioditisararecomforttofindacobblerwhogetshisgreatestsatisfactionfromprideinajobwelldone.(1)Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheoldcobbler?-8-\nA.Hewasequippedwiththebestrepairingtools.B.HewastheonlycobblerintheMarais.C.Hewasproudofhisskills.D.HewasanativeParisian.(2)Theunderlinedpart"Hewassomethingoutofanancientlegend"(Paragraph7)impliesthat_______.A.nowadaysyoucanhardlyfindanyonelikehimB.itwasdifficulttocommunicatewiththismanC.themanwasverystrangeD.themanwastooold(3)Accordingtotheauthor,manypeopleworkjustto_______.A.realizetheirabilities B.gainhappiness C. makemoney D.gainrespect(4)Thisstorywantstotellusthat_______.A.craftsmenmakealotofmoneyB.whateveryoudo,doitwellC.craftsmenneedself-respectD.peoplearebornequal【解析】 -8-\n很多人工作只是为了赚钱，而一位老修鞋匠却从自己精湛的技艺中获得极大的满足并引以为荣，这让作者无比崇敬，感慨万千。(1)C细节理解题。结合倒数第三段中的内容以及倒数第二段后半部分的内容可知修鞋匠为自己精湛的技艺感到骄傲。(2)A推理判断题。从文章第三段及第七段的内容可知大多数修鞋匠只是敷衍了事，而这位老修鞋匠全神贯注于自己的工作，为自己的技艺而骄傲，犹如古代的传说，由此可推断如今像他这样的人几乎找不到了。(3)C推理判断题。最后一段提到只要有报酬，就有人去做，人们把工作看做是通往不断增加消费的一条路，而不是实现自身能力的一个方式，由此可推断很多人工作只是为了“赚钱”。(4)B主旨大意题。文章最后一句点明了主题，老修鞋匠把自己的工作完成得很好，从中获得了最大的满足，所以本文的主旨是不管做什么，都要把它做好。****************************************************************结束-8-
