福州市2022高考英语（2022暑假）阅读理解训练（2）及答案解析1．事实细节理解：细节试题答案与原文相关联，在文中能直接找到答案。命题多与特殊问句、是非题，数字题有关。Secretary.Parttime.20hoursaweek.Busydoctor`soffice.Experiencepreferred.Goodtyping.Call555-2438BABYSITTER3to6weekdayafternoons.Iwilltakeyouhome.$5anhour,call555-5593.Guitarlessons.Yourhomeormine.Experiencedmusician.Master`sdegreeinmusicCallLouise555-6131.TENTHSTREETBLOCKPARTY.July15.Noonto8.Food,games,prizes,liveband.TenthStreetbetweenMainandNorth.APARTMENTFORRENT.3sunnyroomsonhighfloor,greatview.Separatekitchen.Wall-to-wallcarpeting.Thelivingroomcanbeusedasdiningroom.Email:SDGT@163.com.cnTAXIDRIVERWANTED.Fullorparttime.Experiencenecessary.Agoodknowledgeofthecityisrequired.Call555—8860between9amand5pmweekdays.Astereosystemforsale.Ithastwospeakers.ThesystemhasAM/FMradio.Italsohasatapedeckandturntable.Itisingoodcondition.Thestereowasownedforonlyoneyear.Thepriceis$200includingthespeakers.Theownerwillalsotakethehighestpriceofferediftheaskingpriceisnotmet.CallBillafter6pmat555-9834.*********************************************************结束1Meetingpeoplefromanotherculturecanbedifficult.Fromthebeginning,peoplemaysendthewrongsignal(信号).Ortheymaypaynoattentiontosignalsfromanotherpersonwhoistryingtodeveloparelationship.Differentculturesemphasize(强调)theimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossible-7-\nuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Evenwithpeopleatwork,itisnecessarytospendalotoftimein"smalltalk",usuallyoveraglassoftea,beforetheydoanyjob.InmanyEuropeancountries--liketheUKorFrance--peoplefinditeasiertobuildupalastingworkingrelationshipatrestaurantsorcaf6sratherthanattheoffice.Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailand.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivelydiscussion;insteadtherewasanuncomfortablesilence.Thepeoplepresentjuststaredatmeandsmiled.Aftergettingtoknowtheirwaysbetter,IrealizedthattheythoughtIwastalkingtoomuch.Inmyownculture,weexpressmeaningmainlythroughwords,butpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsareunnecessary.EvenwithinNorthernEurope,culturaldifferencescancauseseriousproblems.Certainly,EnglishandGermanculturessharesimilarvalues;however,Germansprefertogetdowntobusinessmorequickly.Wethinkthattheyarerude.Infact,thisisjustbecauseoneculturestartsdiscussionsandmakesdecisionsmorequickly.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvalues,andsometimesthesevaluesarequiteagainsteachother.However,ifwecanunderstandthembetter,amulticulturalenvironment(多元文化环境)willofferawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother.72.Insomecountries,eatingtogetheratrestaurantsmaymakeiteasierforpeopleto_______.A.developcloserrelationsB.sharethesamecultureC.gettoknoweachotherD.keepeachothercompany73.TheauthormentionshisexperienceinThailandtoshowthat_________.A.theEnglishprefertomakelongspeechesB.toomanywordsareofnouseC.peoplefromThailandarequietandshybynatureD.eventalkandsilencecanbeculturallydifferent74.Accordingtothetext,howcanpeoplefromdifferentculturesunderstandeachotherbetter?-7-\nA.Bysharingdifferentwaysoflife.B.Byacceptingdifferenthabits.C.Byrecognizingdifferentvalues.D.Byspeakingeachother'slanguages.75.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MulticulturalEnvironment.B.Cross-CulturalDifferences.C.HowtoUnderstandEachOther.D.HowtoBuildUpaRelationship.3答案72.D73.D74.C75.B******************************************************结束2Theliteralmeaningofphilosophyis“loveofwisdom”.Butthismeaningdoesnottellusverymuch.Unliketheotherdisciplines（学科）,philosophycannotbedefinedbywhatyoustudy,becauseitisactuallyunlimited.Anythingcanbethesubjectmatterofphilosophy:are,history,law,language,literature,mathematics,andinfact,theotheracademicdisciplinesaredirectlyrelatedtophilosophy.ForthisreasonyougetaDoctorate（博士学位）ofPhilosophy(Ph.D.)inbiochemistry,orcomputerscience,orpsychology.Twobroadsub-fieldsofphilosophyarelogicandthehistoryofphilosophy.Logicisthescienceofargumentandcriticalthinking.Itprovidessoundmethodsfordistinguishinggoodfrombadreasoning.Thehistoryofphilosophyinvolvesthestudyofmajorphilosophersandperiodinthedevelopmentofphilosophy.Ofwhatuseisphilosophy?Firstitisusefulineducationaladvancement.Itisnecessaryforunderstandingotherdisciplines.Onlyphilosophyquestionsthenatureoftheconceptsusedinadiscipline,anditsrelationtootherdiscoveries.Andthroughthestudyofphilosophy,onedevelopssoundmethodsofresearchandanalysisthatcanbeappliedtoanyfield.Thereareanumberofgeneralusesofphilosophy.Itstrengthensone’sabilitytosolveproblems,tocommunicate,toorganizeideasandissues,topersuade,andtotakewhatisthemostimportantformalargequantityofdata.Thesegeneralusesareofgreatbenefitinthecareerfield,notnecessarilyobtainingone’sfirstjob-7-\naftergraduation,butforpreparingforpositionofresponsibility,managementandleadershiplateron.Itisveryshortsightedafterall,totakeacourseofstudiesonlyforthepurposeofgettingone’sfirstjob.Theusefulskillsdevelopedthroughthestudyofphilosophyhavesignificantlong-termbenefitsincareeradvancement.Nootherdisciplinesystematicallyfollowstheidealsofwisdom,leadership,andcapacitytoresolvehumanconflict.72.AccordingtoParagraph1.Philosophycanbestbedescribedasthestudyof.A.socialsciencesB.naturalsciencesC.bothsocialandnaturalsciencesD.thesubjectmatterofpolitics73.Withthestudyofphilosophy,youcan.A.becomeagreatleaderB.succeedineverythingC.findagoodjobsoonaftergraduationD.makeprogressinyourcareerdevelopment74.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollwingstatementsisTRUE?A.Philosophyisanindependentdiscipline.B.Logichelpsyoutobecomeabetterthinker.C.Thestudyofphilosophybringsyouimmediatebenefits.D.Themeaningofphilosophyistoolimitedtodefine.75.Fromthepassage,wecanconcludeA.notallthesubjectshavetodowithphilosophyB.apersonwillgetaPh.D.ifhe/shestudiesphilosophyC.philosophycanbehelpfulforthestudyofanyothersubjectsD.philosophyistheonlysolutiontoalltheproblemsintheworld4,答案72.C73.D74.B75.C********************************************************结束TheThreeGorges(三峡)Dam,thelargestdamintheworld,isalsothelargestengineeringprojectonthefaceoftheearth.Itaimstomakethemotherofallfloods,-7-\ntheChangjiangRiver,intoatameriveranditwillbethelargestpowersourceformuchofeasternandcentralChina.Itwillcreateahuge,deep-waterlake,andmakeitpossiblefor10,000tonoceangoingshipstosail15,000milesinlandfromthePacifictothecityofChongqingwithits30millionpeople,makingittheword’slargestriverport.Constructionhasalreadystarted.Thedamwillbea-bout6,860feetlongand611feethigh,ataspotcalledSandoupingnearYichang.Aftermanyyearsofinvestigation(调研)expertshavedrawnaconclusionthatthisgrandprojectwilldoagreatdealofgood.Themostimportantthingisfloodcontrol.Bybuildingadaminsteadofnewcoalplantstomeetitsgrowingdemandforelectricity,Chinawillgiveoffmuchlesspoisonousgasesintotheair.However,somescientistsdon’tagreetotheproject.TheysaythatChongqinganddozensofothercitiesalongtheriverwillputmuchwasteintothereservoir(水库),whichcandoharmtopeople,fishandotherlivingthingsthatdependontheriver.Sedimentation(沉积)anddamageofabreach(决口)areproblems,too.TheThreeGorgesDamcouldbeconsidered,whenitisfinishedin2022,aneweighthwonderoftheworldastothesizealone.5.Whichisnotthepurposetobuildsuchahugedam?A.Tomakeelectricity.B.Topreventfloods.C.Toimprovenavigation(运输)D.Tomakeitawonder.6.Wheredoesthedamlie?A.NearChongqing.B.NearYichang.C.IntheThreeGorgesD.InWuhan.7.Itwilltakeabouttocompletethedam.A.eightyearsB.morethantenyearsC.halfacenturyD.morethantwentyyears.8.Somescientistsfearthat.A.whenthedamisbuilt,thebalanceofnaturemaybedestroyedB.sedimentationmayoccurC.abreachmaycausemillionsofpeopletodieortobehomeless-7-\nD.electricitywillnotbeasmuchasexpected9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTright?A.Whenfinished,thedamwillbeoneofthemainbasesofpowersourceofChina.B.PeoplehavedifferentideasaboutthesettingupofthedamC.Itwilltakemanyyearstobuildthedambecausepeoplewanttoseewhetheritwillbesafeandstrongenough.D.Chongqingwillbecomethelargestriverportintheworldwhenthedamisfinished.【参考答案】B5.解析三峡大坝建成后可能成为第八大奇迹，但这并不是修大坝的目的，而A、B、C项的内容从文中可看出都是建大坝的目的。答案D6.解析从文中的直接信息可知三峡大坝位于宜昌附近的三斗坪。7.解析文中有明确信息，三峡大责的修建工程已经开始，并将于2022年工程全面竣工，因此整个大坝的修建工程将历时16年。即使不知道大坝开工的具体时间，也应该知道是九十年代，至少不是8年，而C、D明显不符。答案B8.并非所有的科学家都赞同修大坝，他们担心沿长江城市会往水库排废物，而伤害到人、鱼及其他生物造成生态平衡破坏。B、C内容在文中都有出现，但都不全。答案A9.C项的内容显然与文章和客观情况不符大坝不可能边修边看值不值得修。**************************************************************结束2、（2022·安徽省安庆一中三模）"Friendshipisoneofthebasicbondsbetweenhumanbeings.Whilethecharacteristicsoffriendshipmightvaryfromonecountrytoanother,peoplefromallculturesnotonlyenjoyfriendsbutneedthem. Manystudieshaveshownthatteenagerswhohavenofriendsoftensufferfrompsychologicaldisorders.Ithasbeenshownthatteenagers,perhapsmorethananyotheragegroup,needcompanionshipandasenseofbelonging.Thenegativeconsequencesoflonelinesshavealsobeenobservedamongtheelderly.Thedeathofaspouseoftenleavesawidoworawidowertotallybereft.If,however,theyaresurroundedbyfriendsandrelativesandiftheyareabletoexpresstheirfeelings,theyaremorelikely-7-\ntorecoverfromtheirgrief。 “Nomanisanisland.”Inotherwords,weareallpartsofsociety.Weallneedthelove,admiration,respectandmoralsupportofotherpeople.Ifwearefortunate,ourfriendswillprovideuswithallofthesenecessaryaspectsoflife. Asmostpeopleobserve,therearemanylevelsoffriendship.Thedegreeorintensityoffriendshipvariesdependingonthepersonalityoftheindividualsinvolvedandthecontextoftherelationships.Outgoingpersonsenjoybeingsurroundedbymanypeoplewhereasshypersonsareperhapscontentwithfewerbutmoreintensefriendships。 Everyoneisnotequallyopenwithalltheirfriends.Thedegreeofclosenessisdeterminedbymanyfactors.Closefriendscanbeformedatanystageinone’slifebuttheyareusuallyveryrare.Notverymanypeoplehavemorethanafewreallyclosefriends.Irrespectiveofthelevelofcloseness,allfriendshipsarebasedonreciprocity（互惠）,honestyandacertainamountofloveandaffection。 72“Nomanisanisland”(Line1,Para.3)impliesthat______________。 A.everyoneisapartofanislandB.mancannotbeanisland C.everyoneisjustapartofsocietyD.societyisanisland 73.Thedegreeofclosenessoffriendshipmainlydependson_____________。 A.ageB.belongingC.personalityD.culture 74.Theauthorthinksthatclosefriends_____________________。 A.canbeeasilyformedwhenoneisyoungB.cannotbelong-lasting C.arenotrareforeveryoneD.arerareformostpeople 75.Theword“irrespective”(Lastsentence,Para.5)means___________。AnotrespectingB.dishonoringC.regardless.D.considering2、参考答案-------CCDC****************************************************************结束-7-
