福州市2022高考英语（2022暑假）阅读理解训练（1）及答案解析【命题趋向】2022年高考阅读试题的命题方式和去年基本保持一致。命题特点如下：1．阅读理解题型为：主旨大意题；分析推理题；细节理解题；猜测词义题；以细节判断试题为主。通过捕捉细节、分析细节、归纳正确答案。2．阅读材料的选择尽量作到体裁分布均匀，题材多样，语言地道，材料多为最近几年国内外报刊、杂志上具有时代性的原汁原味的文章。有很强的时代气息。3．阅读文理解试题体裁广泛，一般有记叙文，议论文，说明文和应用文。4．题材涉及内容广，有科普类、人物传记、故事类、历史文化类、广告和新闻报道类、社会热点和地理类。5．试题难度适中，试卷包括难题中等和容易试题。中等为主、体现了大纲的要求。6．阅读速度要求每分钟60单词。7．加大了深层次理解试题和篇章结构试题的考查力度。8．新课标试题有新的变化，增加了阅读表达试题。广东省阅读理解中加入了匹配试题。【题型分布】细节理解试题推断试题主旨大意试题词义猜测试题12年全国卷963111年全国卷792210年全国卷79221Photosthatyoumighthavefounddownthebackofyoursofaarenowbigbusiness!In2022,theAmericanartistRichardPrince’sphotographofaphotograph,Untitled(Cowboy),wassoldfor$1,248,000.Princeiscertainlynottheonlycontemporaryartisttohaveworkedwithso-called“foundphotographs”—aloosetermgiventoeverythingfromdiscarded(丢弃的)printsdiscoveredinajunkshoptooldadvertisementsoramateurphotographsfroma-8-\nstranger’sfamilyalbum.TheGermanartistJoachimSchmid,whobelieves“basicallyeverythingisworthlookingat”,hasgathereddiscardedphotographs,postcardsandnewspaperimagessince1982.Inhison-goingproject,Archiv,hegroupsphotographsoffamilylifeaccordingtothemes:peoplewithdogs;teams;newcars;dinnerwiththefamily;andsoon.LikeSchmid,theeditorsofseveralself-publishedartmagazinesalsochampion(捍卫)foundphotographs.Oneofthem,calledsimplyFound,wasbornonesnowynightinChicago,whenDavyRothbardreturnedtohiscartofindunderhiswiper(雨刷)anangrynoteintendedforsomeelse:“Why’syourcarHEREatHERplace?”ThenotebecamethestartingpointforRothbard’saddictivepublication,whichfeaturesfoundphotographssentinbyreaders,suchaposterdiscoveredinourdrawer.Thewholefound-photographphenomenonhasraisedsomequestions.Perhapsoneofthemostdifficultis:cantheseimagesreallybeconsideredasart?Andifso,whoseart?Yetfoundphotographsproducedbyartists,suchRichardPrince,mayridinghishorsehurriedlytomeetsomeone?OrhowdidPrincecreatethisphotograph?It’sanyone’sguess.Inaddition,asweimaginetheback-storytothepeopleinthefoundphotographsartists,likeSchmid,havecollated(整理),wealsoturntowardourownphotographicalbums.Whyismemorysoimportanttous?Whydoweallseektofreezeintimethefacesofourchildren,ourparents,ourlovers,andourselves?Willtheymeananythingtoanyoneafterwe’vegone?64.Thefirstparagraphofthepassageisusedto_________.A.remindreadersoffoundphotographsB.advisereadertostartanewkindofbusinessC.askreaderstofindphotographsbehindsofaD.showreadersthevalueoffoundphotographs65.Accordingtothepassage,JoachimSchmid_________.A.isfondofcollectingfamilylifephotographsB.foundacomplainingnotunderhiscarwiperC.isworkingforseveralself-publishedmagazinesD.wonderedattheartisticnatureoffoundphotographs-8-\n66.Theunderlinedword“them”inPara4refersto__________.A.thereadersB.theeditorsC.thefoundphotographsD.theself-publishedmagazines67.ByaskingaseriesofquestionsinPara5,theauthormainlyintendstoindicatethat________.A.memoryofthepastisveryimportanttopeopleB.foundphotographsallowpeopletothinkfreelyC.theback-storyoffoundphotographsispuzzlingD.therealvalueoffoundphotographsisquestionable68.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsfoundphotographscanbedescribedas_________.A.criticalB.doubtfulC.optimisticD.satisfied1答案64.D65.A66.D67.B68.C*********************************************************结束2ThesummerIwasten,mymotherdecidedtobringustotheworldofart.MybrotherandIwerenotveryexcitedwhenwerealizedwhatmymothermeant.WhatshemeantwasnotthatwecouldtakedrawingclassesorpaintingclassesbutthatwewouldhavetospendoneafternoonaweekwithherattheFineArtsMuseum.Beforeeachvisittothemuseum,shemadeusreadaboutartistsandpaintingstyles(风格).Itwasalmostasbadasbeinginschool.Whowantstospendthesummerthinkingaboutartistswhenyoucouldbewithyourfriendsattheswimmingpool?FirstwehadtoreadaboutancientEgyptians(古埃及人)andtheirstrangewayofpaintingfacesandthengotolookatthematthemuseum.My12-year-oldbrotherthoughtthiswassofunny,butIwasnotinterested.LaterwehadtolearnaboutartistsintheMiddleAgeswhopaintedpeoplewearingstrangelongclothing.Wehadtolookatpicturesoffatbabieswithwingsandcurly(鬈曲的)hairandwithnoclothesonflyingaroundtheedgesofpaintings.Icertainlycouldn'tseewhatwassogreataboutart.Onourlastvisittothemuseum,somethinghappenedwhenIsawapaintingby-8-\nawomancalledMary.Init,awomanwasreadingtoachild.Thecolorsweresoftandgentle,andyoucouldtellbythemother'sexpressionhowhappyshewasjusttobewiththechild.Icouldn'tstoplookingatthispainting!IwantedtoseeeverypaintingMaryhadevermade!Itwasreallyworthlookingatsomanypaintingstofindapainterwhocouldinterestmesomuch.68.Theaimofthemother'splanwasto_________.A.takethemtovisitthemuseumB.introducethemtotheworldofartC.askthemtoreadaboutartistsD.showthemdifferentpaintingstyles69.Whatwasthewriter'sexperienceinthemuseumbeforethelastvisit?A.Shecametofeelhermother'slove.B.Shelikedmanypaintings.C.Shehardlyenjoyedherself.D.Shecouldunderstandthepicturesoffatbabies.70.Whatmadethewritergothroughachangethatsummer?A.OneofMary'spaintings.B.Astrangewayofpainting.C.ArtistsintheMiddleAges.D.Hermother'sinstruction.71.Fromthetext,wecansee_________.A.theimportanceofcuriosityB.theeffectofartC.thevalueoflearningD.thepoweroffamilyeducation2.答案68.B69.C70.A71.B**********************************************************结束【专题训练与高考预测】AGrown-upsknowthatpeopleandobjectsaresolid.Atthemovies,weknowthatifwereachouttotouchTomCruise,allwewillfeelisair.Butdoesababyhavethisunderstanding?Toseewhetherbabiesknowobjectsaresolid.T.Bowerdesignedamethodforprojectinganopticalillusion(视觉影像)ofahangingball.Hisplanwastofirstgive-8-\nbabiesarealball,onetheycouldbeexpectedtoshowsurprisedintheirfacesandmovements,Allthe16to24-week-oldbabiestestedweresurprisedwhentheyreachedfortheillusionandfoundthattheballwasnotthere.Grown-upsalsohaveasenseofobjectpermanence.Weknowthatifweputaboxinaroomandlockthedoor,theboxwillstillbetherewhenwecomeback.Butdoesababyrealizethataballthatrollsunderachairdoesnotdisappearandgotonever-neverland?ExperimentsdonebyBowersuggestthatbabiesdevelopasenseofobjectpermanencewhentheyareabout18weeksold.Inhisexperiments,Bowerusedatoytrainthatwentbehindascreen.When16-week-oldand22-week-oldbabieswatchedthetoytraindisappearbehindtheleftsideofthescreen,theylookedtotheright,expectingittore-appear.Iftheexperimenttookthetrainoffthetableandliftedthescreen,allthebabiesseemedsurprisednottoseethetrain.Thisseemstoshowthatallthebabieshadasenseofobjectpermanence.Butthesecondpartoftheexperimentshowedthatthiswasnotreallythecase.There-searchersubstituted(替换)aballforthetrainwhenitwentbehindthescreen.The22-week-oldbabiesseemedsurprisedandlookedbacktotheleftsideforthetrain.Butthe16-week-oldbabiesdidnotseemtonoticetheswitch(更换).Thus,the16-week-oldbabiesseemedtohaveasenseof“somethingpermanence,”whilethe22-week-oldbabieshadasenseofobjectpermanencerelatedtoaparticularobject.1.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.babies’senseofsightB.effectsofexperimentsonbabiesC.babies’understandingofobjectsD.differenttestsonbabies’feelings2.InParagraph3,“objectpermanence”meansthatwhenoutofsight,andobject.A.stillexistsB.keepsitsshapeC.stillstayssolidD.isbeyondreach3.WhatdidBoweruseinhisexperiments?A.AchairB.AscreenC.AfilmD.Abox-8-\n4.39.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Thebabiesdidn’thaveasenseofdirection.B.Theolderbabiespreferredtoytrainstoballs.C.TheyoungerbabieslikedlookingformissingobjectsD.Thebabiescouldn’ttellaballfromitsopticalillusion.【参考答案】A本文是一篇科普短文，大意是通过实验研究儿童是否知道物体是固体，具有物体持久性的感觉，研究表明，16周到24周的婴儿都知道物体是有形的固体，然而第一项研究表明只有18周以上的婴儿才对某个特定的物体的认识具有持久性。1.解析本题考查主旨大意的把握能力。本文通过科学家的研究和对研究结果的解释，旨在说明婴儿对物体的理解。答案：C2.解析本题考查词义理解能力。通过对第二项研究情况的阅读和第三段的解释得知“objectpermanence”意思是“物体依然存在”。答案：A3.解析本题考查细节理解能力。第二段和第四段中所述的Bower的两个实验中都用到了screen.答案：B4.解析本题考查证误判断能力。第二段中所述实验情况表明：婴儿伸手去摸屏幕上的影像，说明他们事先不能区分一个真正的球和影像的区别。答案：D**************************************************************结束【跟踪演练】（2022·广东省高州长坡中学2022届高三12月月考）Bored?Lonely?Outofcondition?WhynottrytheSPORTCENTER?TENNISIndoorandoutdoorcourts.Coachingfrombeginnerstoadvanced,everydaynotevenings.Childrenonly-Sat.mornings.-8-\nSKIINGDryslopes—3levelsinstructorsatweekendsandFridays.Daytimeparcitice.8yearsupwards.SWIMMING2poolsIheatedOlympiclength.Tuitionavailable.Women:TuesdayandThursday.Men:Monday,WednesdayandFriday.Children:SaturdayFamilyday:SundayGOLF9holepracticecourse.ProfessionalCoaching.Lessonsmustbebookedinadvanceindaytime.Eveningpractice.Minimumage—9years.GYMNASTICSMaximumage—18years.Childrenaged5—10.MondayandWednesdays.4:00—6:00p.m.10—18year-old.Fridayevenings.BarworkonSundaymornings.ANDMUCHMORETableTennis,Snooker,Darts（标枪）,Chess（everydayandevening）,Café（allday），Bar（lunchtimeandevenings）,Nursery（weekdaysandweekends,notevenings）.Centreopen10:00a.m.—10:00p.m.Daily.Interested?Moredetailsinside.QuoteCardNumber:99.46．Whatisthisadmainlyabout?A．Itmainlyshowsussomewaystospendweekends.B．Itmainlyshowsusaplacetorelaxourselves.C．ItShowsthewayssavingourtime.D．Itshowsusalotofwaystospendourholidays.47．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?A．Peoplecanplaytennisdayandnight.B．MenandwomenswimintheSPORTSCENTERseparately．-8-\nC．ChildrenatanyagecanplaygolfintheSPORTSCENTER．D．Peopleunder20canalltakegymnastics．48．Howmanysportsitemsarementionedinthepassage?A．5B．7．C．9．D．12．49．Wherecanwefindthisadinyouropinion?A．Inacompany．B．Inarestaurant．C．InaparkD．Onanewspaper．1、参考答案---------BBCD******************************************************************结束-8-
