北京市2022高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习练习手册（4）附详细解析课时作业(四) [必修1 Unit4Earthquakes](限时：35分钟)完形填空InthecityofFujisawa,Japan,livesawomannamedAtsukoSaekiWhenshewasateenager,she1ofgoingtotheUnitedStates.MostofwhatsheknewaboutAmerican2wasfromthetextbooksshehadread."Ihada3inmind:DaddywatchingTVinthelivingroom,Mummy4cakesandtheirteenagedaughterofftothecinemawithherboyfriend."Atsuko5toattendcollegeinCalifornia.Whenshearrived,however,shefounditwasnother6world."Peoplewerestrugglingwithproblemsandoftenseemed7,"shesaid."Ifeltveryalone."Oneofherhardest8wasphysicaleducation."Weplayedvolleyball."shesaid."Theotherstudentswere9it,butIwasn't."Oneafternoon,theinstructoraskedAtsukoto10theballtoherteammatessotheycouldknockit11thenet—Noproblemformostpeople,butitterrifiedAtsuko.Shewasafraidoflosingface12shefailed.Ayoungmanonherteam13whatshewasgoingthrough."Hewalkeduptomeand14,'Comeon.Youcandothat'""Youwillneverunderstandhowthosewordsof15mademefeel..Fourwords:YoucandothatIfeltlikecryingwithhappiness."Shemadeitthroughtheclass.Perhapsshethankedtheyoungman;sheisnot16.Sixyearshavepassed.AtsukoisbackinJapan,workingasasalesclerk."Ihave17forgottenthewords."shesaid."Whenthingsarenotgoingsowell,Ithinkofthem."Sheissuretheyoungmanhadnoideahowmuchhiskindness18toher."Heprobablydoesn'tevenrememberit,"shesaid.Thatmaybethelesson.Wheneveryou10\nsaysomethingtoapersoncruelorkind—youhavenoideahowlongthewordswill19.She'sallthewayoverinJapan,butstillshehearsthosefour20words:Youcandothat.1.A.learnedB.spokeC.dreamedD.heard2.A.wayB.lifeC.educationD.spirit3.A.photoB.paintingC.pictureD.drawing4.A.bakingB.fryingC.steamingD.boiling5.A.hopedB.arrangedC.likedD.attempted6.A.describedB.imaginedC.createdD.discovered7.A.tenseB.cheerfulC.relaxedD.deserted8.A.timesB.questionC.classesD.projects.9.A.curiousaboutB.goodatC.slowatD.nervousabout10.A.kickB.passC.carryD.hit11.A.throughB.intoC.overD.past12.A.afterB.ifC.becauseD.until13.A.believedB.consideredC.wonderedD.sensed14.A.warnedB.sighedC.orderedD.whispered15.A.excitementB.encouragementC.persuasionD.suggestion16.A.interestedB.doubtfulC.puzzledD.sure17.A.neverB.alreadyC.seldomD.almost18.A.happenedB.appliedC.seemedD.meant19.A.continueB.stayC.existD.live20.A.mercifulB.bitterC.simpleD.easy1~5CBCAB6~10BACBD11~15CBDDB16~20DADBC10\n***********************************************************结束Ⅰ.单项填空1．—It'sreportedthatover1billionpeoplewatchedtheliveopeningceremonyof________2022LondonOlympicGamesonTV.—Yes,newscameas________shocktome.A．the;theB．/;aC．the;aD．a;the2．—Jackfellofftheladderyesterday，butheisallrightnow.—Whataluckydog!He________himselfbadly.A．shouldinjureB．mightinjureC．shouldhaveinjuredD．couldhaveinjured3．Aftertheearthquake，thepoorgirlwasfound________undertheruinsofachurch.A．buryingB．tobeburiedC．buriedD．beingburied4．Jackwasn'tsayinganything，buttheteachersmiledathim________hehaddonesomethingveryclever.A．asifB．incaseC．whileD．though5．Todaywehavechatrooms，textmessaging，emailing…butweseem________theartofcommunicatingfacetoface.A．losingB．tobelosingC．tobelostD．havinglost6．Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywantto________theirkidsfromeverykindofdanger，realorimagined.A．spotB．dismissC．shelterD．distinguish7．Seventytwohourspassed.Morethanonehundredworkersremained________inthecoalmine,thoughfiftyhadbeensaved.A．trappingB．trappedC．tobetrappedD．beingtrapped8．Accordingtoarecentsurvey,toomuchpressureandlongworkinghoursare________manypeople'shealth.A．hurtingB．injuringC．ruiningD．deserting9．Itissaidthattheoldpot________undertheearthforabout1，000yearsbythetimeitwasdiscovered.A．hadburiedB．hadbeenburiedC．buriedD．wereburied10．Anyway,thecrowdaroundmewereobviouslyenjoyingtheirdayoutattheraces,________bytheirhappyfacesandthesenseofexcitement.A．observingB．judgingC．consideringD．inferring11．ThelocalgovernmentinShenzhenhasrecentlypassedanewregulationforbiddingsupermarketsandstoresto________freeplasticbagstoshoppers,in10\nordertoprotecttheenvironment.A．giveoffB．giveinC．giveupD．giveout12．________treatingthehomelessmanasashametosociety,Mrs.Wangprovidedhimwithfoodandwater.A．InsteadofB．AsaresultofC．IntheeventofD．Regardlessof13．Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,________intheclothesindustry.A．isworkingB．worksC．workD．worked14．MostofusdoreadalotinEnglish,butourspeakingandwritingskillsleavemuch________．A．toimproveB．tobeimprovedC．improvedD．improve15．—DoyouknowifLindaiswillingtotakechargeoftheprogram?—________，doesit?A．IttakesnotimeB．ItcountsfornothingC．Itdoesn'thurttoaskD．Itdoesn'tmakesenseⅡ.阅读理解AOnSundaysmyfatheralwaysworethatblackapron—theonewiththeracecarsalloverit.AfterbreakfastDadalwaysannounced:“Goaheadeveryone.I'lltakecareofthedishes！”WiththatmymotherdisappearedintothefoldsoftheSundaypaper.Off_came_the_suit_coat_he_had_worn_to_church_that_morning._Up_went_the_shirtsleeves._On_went_that_apron.ForthenexthourDaddidthedishes,singingsongslike“WhoPuttheChowinMrs.Murphy'sChowder”？Isupposeitwasstrangeforafathertowearanapron—evenonewithracecars—butIneverthoughtmuchofituntilthatSundaywhenwewalkedhomefromchurchtogether.“Tommy”，hesaid，“Therecomesatimeineveryboy'slifewhenhemusttakeonresponsibilities．”“Responsibilities？”Iasked.“Yes.It'stimeyoutookagreaterroleinthehousehold.Startingtoday,IwantyoutodothedishesonSundaymorningsoyourmotherandIcanrelax.”“Thedishes？”“Anythingwrongwithtakingoverthedishes？”Istartedtosaysomethingaboutaman'sjob,butIknewimmediatelythatmyprotestswouldfallondeafears.Ididn'ttasteabitofbreakfastthatmorning.Myfatherannouncedtomymother,“Let'sgotoreadthepaper,honey.Ouroldestsonhasgenerouslyofferedtofilltheposition.”Sothiswaswhatmylifehadcometo.10\nPeopleoftensaythereisaspecialchemistrybetweenafatherandason.HecamebackintothekitchenjustasIwasabouttostormout.Inhisrighthandwastheoldapron.“Iwantyoutohavethis,Tommy.It'llkeepyourclothesfromgettingwet.”AndbeforeIcoulddoanything,hehadputthataprononme.“Thanks,Son.YourmotherandIappreciatethis.”WiththathedisappearedintotheSundaypaper.Ilookeddownattheapron.Ithadseenbetterdays.Icouldseemydadreachingforthedishes.SoonIwassingingaboutMrs.Murphy'sChowder.16．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheunderlinedsentencesinthefirstparagraph?A．Toshowtheunwillingnessofhisfatherwhendoingdishes.B．Toinstructthemainstepsofhowhisfatherdoesdishes.C．Toemphasizehisfather'sclumsywayofdoingdishes.D．Tostresstheenjoymentandhappinessofhisfather'sdoingdishes.17．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“responsibilities”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A．Takingcareofthebrothers.B．Makingprogressacademically.C．Doingallthedishes.D．Washingtheapronwithracecars.18．Whatdidtheauthormeanbysaying“Peopleoftensaythereisaspecialchemistrybetweenafatherandason”inthefourthparagraph?A．Mindactsuponmind.B．Likefatherlikeson.C．Achildisbetterunbornthanuntaught.D．Obedienceisthefirstdutyofaboy.19．Howdidtheauthorfeelattheendofthepassage?A．Proud.B．Enjoyable.C．Surprised.D．Regretful.BAllovertheworld,librarieshavebeguntheHerculeantaskofmakingfaithfuldigitalcopiesofthebooks,imagesandrecordingsthatpreservetheintellectualeffortofhumankind.Forarmchairscholars,theworkpromisestobringsuchawealthofinformationtothedesktopthatthepresentInternetmayseemamateurishinretrospect.…Librariansseethreeclearbenefitstogoingdigital.First,ithelpsthempreserverareandfragileobjectswithoutdenyingaccesstothosewhowishtostudythem.TheBritishLibrary,forexample,holdstheonlymedievalmanuscriptofBeowulfinLondon.OnlyqualifiedscholarswereallowedtoseeituntilKevinS.KiernanoftheUniversityofKentuckyscannedthemanuscriptwiththreedifferentlightsources(revealingdetailnotnormallyapparenttothenakedeye)andputtheimagesupontheInternetforanyonetoperuse(细读).Tokyo'sNationalDietLibraryissimilarlycreatinghighlydetaileddigitalphotographsof1，236woodblockprints,scrollsandothermaterialsitconsidersnationaltreasuressothatresearcherscanscrutinizethemwithouthandlingtheoriginals.10\nAsecondbenefitisconvenience.Oncebooksareconvertedtodigitalform,patronscanretrievetheminsecondsratherthanminutes.Severalpeoplecansimultaneouslyreadthesamebookorviewthesamepicture.Clerksaresparedthechoreofreshelving.AndlibrariescouldconceivablyusetheInternettolandtheirvirtualcollectionstothosewhoareunabletovisitinperson.Thethirdadvantageofelectroniccopiesisthattheyoccupymillimetersofspaceonamagneticdiskratherthanmetersonashelf.Expandinglibrarybuildingsisincreasinglycostly.TheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleyrecentlyspent$46milliononanundergroundadditiontohouse1.5millionbooks—anaveragecostof$30pervolume.Thepriceofdiskstorage,incontrast,hasfallentoabout$2per300pagepublicationandcontinuestodrop.20．Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe“________”．A．ThreeBenefitsofLibrariesB．LibrariesGoingDigitalC．SpacesavingElearningD．SecurityofElectronicReading21．Whichparagraph(s)inthetextoffer(s)furtherexplanationofthecentralidea?A．Paragraphs2,3and4B．Paragraphs3and4C．Paragraphs2and4D．Paragraph422．Whichoneofthefollowingismentionedasanadvantageofelibraries?A．Oldmanuscriptscanbemovedmoreeasily.B．Materialscanbeexaminedwithoutbeingtouched.C．Fewerstaffwillberequiredinlibraries.D．Librarieswillbeabletomoveunderground.23．Whatdoestheword“scrutinize”probablymean?A．Keepforawhile.B．Reprint.C．Restore.D．Examinecarefully.Ⅲ.短文填词IstartedtolearnEnglishattheageofseven.Theexperienceofsingingandchatting24.________EnglishgavemethefeelingthatEnglishisabeautifullanguage,25.________canbringpeoplealotofjoy.Atthattime,Englishwasindeedaverygoodfriendtome.AfterI26.________(上学)middleschool,IbegantofindEnglishlearningwasn'tso27.e________.Infact,Ihadtobeashardworkingas28.o________fellowstudents,butI29.________(不能)tomakeanygreaterprogress.IwasabouttogiveupmyEnglishstudy30.________ImetMissWang,akindteacher,whoencouragedmeto31.p________more.Withherhelp,ItookpartinEnglishcompetitionsandwonmany32.p________.SincethenEnglishhasabsolutelybeenoneofmy33.________(最喜欢的)subjects.参考答案课时作业(四)Ⅰ.1.C 考查冠词的用法。第一空特指2022年伦敦奥运会；第二空考查抽象名词具体化，此处指“一个震惊的消息”。10\n2．D 考查情态动词。couldhavedone表示“本来可能而实际未……”。根据句意应选D。3．C 考查非谓语动词。句意：地震之后，那个可怜的女孩被发现埋在一个教堂的废墟下。4．A 考查连词。句意：杰克什么都没说，但是老师对他微笑着，好像他做了件很明智的事情。asif意为“好像，似乎”，根据语境可知，A项正确。5．B 考查动词不定式的用法。动词seem接动词不定式构成seemto结构，故首先排除A、D两项。再结合语境可知，此处描写的是我们目前的状况，故用动词不定式的进行式表示目前正在发生的事情或所处的状态。即B项正确。6．C 考查动词辨析。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”，让他们避免各种危险，无论是真实的还是想象的。A项表示“认出；发现”；B项表示“开除；解散”；D项表示“区分”，都不符合语意。7．B 考查“remain＋v.ed”的用法。由语境可知，工人是被困的，所以用trapped。8．C 考查动词辨析。ruin破坏，毁灭。句意：根据最近的一项调查，压力过大和长时间的工作正在破坏许多人的健康。hurt伤害(感情)；injure伤害，损害(感情)，损害(名誉)；desert放弃，抛弃。9．B 考查动词的时态和语态。截止到被发现已经被埋藏了千年，故用过去完成时态，且使用被动语态。10．B 考查习惯用法。judgingby“通过……判断”，在句中通常作状语。11．D 考查动词短语辨析。giveout分发，符合句意。giveoff散发，放出；givein屈服；giveup放弃。12．A 考查介词短语辨析。句意：王女士给这个无家可归的人提供食物和水，而不是把他看作社会的羞耻。insteadof“代替……，而不是……”，其后接名词、动名词等；asaresultof由于；intheeventof在……关头；regardlessof不顾，不管。13．C 考查主谓一致。alargenumberof…作主语，谓语动词用复数，由Nowadays可知，时态为一般现在时。14．B 考查非谓语动词。tobeimproved用作补语，表示尚未发生的动作。ourspeakingandwritingskillsleavemuchtobeimproved意为“我们的说和写的能力有待于极大提高”。15．C 考查交际用语。根据答语中的反意疑问部分可知前半句是否定句，由此可排除前两项。C项的意思是“问一下没关系”，符合语境。Ⅱ.A一条黑色的围裙，一对心照不宣的父子，维系着一个无比温馨的家庭。16．D 推理判断题。下一句提到作者的父亲一边唱歌一边洗刷餐具，再结合本段中他所说的话可推测这三个倒装句是为了强调作者的父亲非常享受这个过程，乐在其中。17．C 词义猜测题。根据下文中的“Startingtoday，Iwantyoutodothedishes…”可知画线词指的是“洗刷所有的餐具”。18．A 推理判断题。下一句提到正当作者要冲出来时，作者的父亲拿着那件旧围裙来到了厨房，由此可推出两人“心有灵犀一点通”。后三项分别表示“有其父必有其子”、“养不教，父之过”、“男孩以服从命令为天职”，都不符合语境。19．B 推理判断题。最后一段最后提到作者也效仿父亲的做法，边唱那首歌曲边洗刷餐具，由此可推断作者感到非常“愉快”。B10\n本文叙述的是图书馆数字化了之后对读者和管理员的好处。20．B 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，图书馆将会建立网上图书馆，这就意味着图书馆的数字化。21．A 推理判断题。文章第二、三、四段分别就三个优点进行了深层次的剖析。因此选A。22．C 推理判断题。根据第三段可知管理员无需亲自把书放入书架了，这样就省了大量的员工，因此选C。23．D 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的句子：有了网上浏览，读者不需花大量的时间仔细地寻找自己需要的书了。Ⅲ.24.in 25.which 26.entered/attended 27.easy28．other 29.failed 30.when 31.practice/practise32．prizes 33.favo(u)rite课后阅读--------IllusionsofPastoralPeace 宁静田园生活的遐想 Thequietlifeofthecountryhasneverappealedtome.Citybornandcitybred,Ihavealwaysregardedthecountryassomethingyoulookatthroughatrainwindow,orsomethingyouoccasionallyvisitduringtheweekend.Mostofmyfriendsliveinthecity,yettheyalwaysgointorapturesatthemerementionofthecountry.Thoughtheyextolthevirtuesofthepeacefullife,onlyoneofthemhasevergonetoliveinthecountryandhewasbackintownwithinsixmonths.Evenhestilllivesundertheillusionthatcountrylifeissomehowsuperiortotownlife.Heisforevertalkingaboutthefriendlypeople,thecleanatmosphere,theclosenesstonatureandthegentlepaceofliving.Nothingcanbecompared,hemaintains,withthefirstcockcrow,thetwitteringofbirdsatdawn,thesightoftherisingsunglintingonthetreesandpastures.Thisidyllicpastoralsceneisonlypartofthepicture.MyfriendfailstomentionthelongandfriendlesswintereveningsinfrontoftheTV----virtuallytheonlyformofentertainment.Hesaysnothingaboutthepoorselectionofgoodsintheshops,oraboutthoseunfortunatepeoplewhohavetotravelfromthecountrytothecityeverydaytogettowork.Whypeoplearepreparedtotolerateafour-hourjourneyeachdayforthedubiousprivilegeoflivinginthecountryisbeyondme.Theycouldbesavedsomuchmiseryandexpenseiftheychosetoliveinthecitywheretheyrightlybelong.Ifyoucandowithoutthefewpastoralpleasuresofthecountry,youwillfind10\nthecitycanprovideyouwiththebestthatlifecanoffer.Youneverhavetotravelmilestoseeyourfriends.Theyinvariablylivenearbyandarealwaysavailableforaninformalchatoranevening'sentertainment.Someofmyacquaintancesinthecountrycomeuptotownonceortwiceayeartovisitthetheatreasaspecialtreat.Forthemthisisamajoroperationwhichinvolvesconsiderableplanning.Astheplaydrawstoitsclose,theywonderwhethertheywillevercatchthatlasttrainhome.Thecitydwellerneverexperiencesanxietiesofthissort.Thelatestexhibitions,films,orplaysareonlyashortbusrideaway.Shopping,too,isalwaysapleasure.Thereissomuchvarietythatyouneverhavetomakedowithsecondbest.Countrypeoplerunwildwhentheygoshoppinginthecityandstaggerhomeloadedwithasmanyoftheexoticitemsastheycancarry.Noristhecitywithoutitsmomentsofbeauty.Thereissomethingcomfortingaboutthewarmglowshedbyadvertisementsoncoldwetwinternights.Fewthingscouldbemoreimpressivethanthepeacethatdescendsondesertedcitystreetsatweekendswhenthethousandsthattraveltoworkeverydayaretuckedawayintheirhomesinthecountry.Ithasalwaysbeenamysterytomewhycitydwellers,whoappreciateallthesethings,obstinatelypretendthattheywouldprefertoliveinthecountry.宁静的乡村生活从来没有吸引过我。我生在城市，长在城市，总认为乡村是透过火车车窗看到的那个样子，或偶尔周末去游玩一下的景象。我的许多朋友都住在城市，但他们只要一提起乡村，马上就会变得欣喜若狂。尽管他们都交口称赞宁静的乡村生活的种种优点，但其中只有一人真去农村住过，而且不足6个月就回来了。即使他也仍存有幻觉，好像乡村生活就是比城市生活优越。他滔滔不绝地大谈友好的农民，洁净的空气，贴近大自然的环境和悠闲的生活节奏。他坚持认为，凌晨雄鸡第一声啼叫，黎明时分小鸟吱喳欢叫，冉冉升起的朝阳染红树木、牧场，此番美景无与伦比。但这种田园诗般的乡村风光仅仅是一个侧面。我的朋友没有提到在电视机前度过的漫长寂寞的冬夜——电视是唯一的娱乐形式。他也不说商店货物品种单调，以及那些每天不得不从乡下赶到城里工作的不幸的人们。人们为什么情愿每天在路上奔波4个小时去换取值得怀疑的乡间的优点，我是无法理解的。要是他们愿意住在本来属于他们的城市，则可以让他们省去诸多不便与节约大量开支。10\n如果你愿舍弃乡下生活那一点点乐趣的话，那么你会发现城市可以为你提供生活中最美好的东西。你去看朋友根本不用跋涉好几英里，因为他们都住在附近，你随时可以同他们聊天或在晚上一起娱乐。我在乡村有一些熟人，他们每年进城来看一回或几回戏，并把此看作一种特殊的享受。看戏在他们是件大事，需要精心计划。当戏快演完时，他们又为是否能赶上末班火车回家而犯愁。这种焦虑，城里人是从未体验过的。坐公共汽车几站路，就可看到最新的展览、电影、戏剧。买东西也是一种乐趣。物品品种繁多，从来不必用二等品来凑合。乡里人进城采购欣喜若狂，每次回家时都买足了外来商品，直到拿不动方才罢休，连走路都摇摇晃晃的。城市也并非没有良辰美景。寒冷潮湿的冬夜里，广告灯箱发出的暖光，会给人某种安慰。周末，当成千上万进城上班的人回到了他们的乡间寓所之后，空旷的街市笼罩着一种宁静的气氛，没有什么能比此时的宁静更令人难忘了。城里人对这一切心里很明白，却偏要执拗地装出他们喜欢住在乡村的样子，这对我来说一直是个谜。10
