语法综合（建议用时：20分钟）1.Eitheryouorthemonitor thelecturetobeheldnextSunday.A.isattendingB.areattendingC.istoattendD.aretoattend2.Aftercompletingthehardhomework,shefeltagreatweight offhermind.A.takingB.takenC.totakeD.tobetaken3.TheOlympicGames, in776BC,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1900.A.firstplayingB.firstplayedC.tobefirstplayingD.tobefirstplayed4.Lily inatopschoolinChangsha,butsheisstudyinginourschoolnow.A.studiesB.willstudyC.hasstudiedD.studied5.—Willyoustayherefordinnerwithme,Michael?—Sorry,I .Myparentsarecomingtoseeme.A.won’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.can’t6.Theresidents, hadbeendamagedbytheearthquakehappeninginYa’an,weregivenassistancebythelocalgovernment.A.alltheirhousesB.allwhichhousesC.allofwhosehousesD.alloftheirhouses7.Thereisasetofrulesthatyoumustfollow you’regoingmountain-climbing.A.thoughB.unlessC.afterD.if8.Mynicecoathasto everyday.Butluckilyit well.A.wash;washesB.wash;iswashedC.bewashed;washesD.bewashed;iswashed9.Withthreeprofessionalhands hernextweek,sheissuretocompletetheprojectin-7-\nadvance.A.helpingB.helpC.tohelpingD.tohelp10.Franklyspeaking,itmakesnodifference Igobyplaneorbytrain.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.which11.ThelazygirlmusthavebeendismissedlastMonday, she?A.hasn’tB.didn’tC.wasn’tD.doesn’t12.Thedecision ,thenextproblemwashowtomakeagoodplan.A.havingbeenmadeB.hadbeenmadeC.tohavebeenmadeD.tobemade13. theirchildrenhavelefthome,they’vegotalotofextraspace.A.NowthatB.UnlessC.AlthoughD.Aslongas14.Dreamsinourheartwillcometrueoneday weinsistandkeepmakinggreatefforts.A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.onconditionthat15.Ihope, youvoteforintheelection,thatatleastyouknowwhyyouarevoting.A.whoB.whoeverC.howD.however16.“Theydidn’ttakemeasuresintime,otherwisetheexplosions ,”someexpertssaid.A.wouldn’thappenB.didn’thappenC.wouldn’thavehappenedD.mustn’thavehappened17.Herattitudetowardsstudyismorepositiveincomparisonto sheheldthreemonthsago.A.itB.theoneC.thatD.one18.Mydeskmateiskind,hard-workingandintelligent. ,Ican’tspeaktoohighlyofhim.A.AsaresultB.AfterallC.OnthewholeD.Bytheway19.Though toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.-7-\nA.surprisingB.surprisedC.tosurpriseD.beingsurprised20. wepromisecontinuousincreaseinruralincomes improvethewholepeople’swell-being.A.Onlyif;wecanB.Ifonly;canweC.Onlyif;canweD.Unless;wecan21.Itisbettertoloseone’slifethan .A.ifyouloseyourspiritB.toloseone’sspiritC.losinghisspiritD.yourspiritgettinglost22.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if regularly,canimproveourhealth.A.beingcarriedoutB.carryingoutC.tocarryoutD.carriedout23.Iheardthattheyofferedfivereportslastweek, ofwhichcontainedanyusefulsuggestions.A.eitherB.allC.noneD.neither24.—Howdidyouliketheconcertlastnight?—Ienjoyeditverymuch,butthedancers abetterjob.A.couldhavedoneB.musthavedoneC.coulddoD.haddone25.—HowcanIapplyforapositioninyourcompany?—Justfilloutthisform wewillseewhatisthefittestforyou.A.orB.butC.otherwiseD.and答案解析1.【解析】选C。考查时态和主谓一致。either...or...连接两个名词时,-7-\n后面的谓语的单复数采用就近原则。betodosth.表示将要发生的动作,而bedoing表示正在发生的动作。根据monitor及后面的tobeheldnextSunday可知选C。【变式训练】 eitheryourclassmatesoryourclosefriendtoattendthemeetingtonight?A.AreB.IsC.HaveD.Hasbeen【解析】选A。考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构得知这是一个疑问句,根据后面的toattend可知谓语动词为betodo结构,故排除C、D两项。当neither...nor.../notonly...butalso.../not...but.../either...or.../therebe等接主语时,谓语动词用就近原则,即根据最近的主语来判断,根据classmates可知A项正确。【知识拓展】当aswellas/with/togetherwith/alongwith/like/ratherthan/morethan/lessthan/otherthan/but/except/exceptfor/besides/including/inadditionto连接两个名词作主语的时候要用“就远原则”,即根据第一个名词来判断谓语动词的单复数形式。2.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:完成困难的家庭作业后,她感到如释重负。根据句意以及宾语agreatweight和动词takeoff之间的被动关系可知用过去分词作宾语补足语。【误区警示】做本题时考生容易受汉语影响,认为take是主语发出的动作而误选A。3.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。根据时间状语in776BC以及主语TheOlympicGames与动词play的被动关系可知答案为B,过去分词作非限制性定语。4.【解析】选D。考查时态。根据butsheisstudyinginourschoolnow.可知前面表示过去的事实,故用一般过去时。【误区警示】本题考生容易受sheisstudying影响而误选A或C,但此题but...now表示转折,显然前面的句子表示与过去相关的时态。5.【解析】选D。考查情态动词。根据语境可知,不能留下来吃饭的原因是Myparentsarecomingtoseeme.。因此,这属于因客观原因造成的“不能做某事”。6.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意:房子在雅安地震中被损坏的居民都被当地政府给予了帮助。做本题时考生容易受汉语以及句子结构的影响而误选D,这是因为考生没有确定中间部分的定语从句。【变式训练】-7-\n①Theboss companyMr.Liworkedheardabouttheaccidentthathappenedlastnight.A.inwhoseB.inwhichC.whoseD.ofwhich【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意:李先生所工作的公司的老板听说了那起发生在昨晚的事故。公司和老板之间有所属关系,因此用whose,又因为李先生在公司工作用介词in,于是构成了inwhose的结构。②Microblogisaplatform peoplecanexpresstheirthoughtsandcommunicatewitheachotherbysendingposts.A.which B.what C.where D.when【解析】选C。考查定语从句。先行词aplatform表地点,定语从句缺地点状语,故选关系副词where。7.【解析】选D。考查条件状语从句。句意:如果要爬山的话,你就必须遵守一系列的规则。根据前后文的逻辑关系可知答案为D。8.【解析】选C。考查时态语态。第一空中主语与动词之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;第二空中当某些动词,如sell,wash,clean等后有well/badly/easily/smoothly表示主语属性的词的时候常用主动语态。【误区警示】做本题时考生受动词的主动与被动影响容易误选D。而表示事物的特点和属性时,某些动词,如break/handle/wash/sell/write/measure/weigh/tear要用主动语态。【变式训练】 well,thiskindofbooks outtheotherday.A.Sold;wassoldB.Selling;sellsC.Sell;soldD.Selling;wassold【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词与时态语态。句意:这种书很好卖,在几天之前就被销售一空了。第一空是非谓语动词,主动形式表主语属性,第二空是一般过去时的被动语态。9.【解析】选D。考查with的复合结构。句意:下周有三个专业人士来帮助她,她肯定会提前完成那项工程。【知识拓展】(1)Withsomethinghardtodealwith,hehadanuneasytime.(表示主动、将来)(2)Withsomethingharddealtwith,hedecidedtorelaxhimself.(表示被动、完成)(3)Withsomethingdisappointingfillinghismind,hegotangry,leavingalone.(表示主动、进行)(4)Withadeliciousdishbeingcooked,hedaren’tgooutforasecond.(表示被动、进行)-7-\n(5)Withoutanyone/Withnonetoleadus,wehavenochoicebuttocreateourfieldsallbyourselves.(表示目的、将来)10.【解析】选C。考查主语从句。句意:坦白讲,我坐飞机去还是坐火车去都无所谓。it作形式主语,whether从句是真正主语。11.【解析】选C。考查反意疑问句。句意:那个懒惰的女孩上周一肯定被解雇了,是吗?根据句意及句子结构得知此句表示对过去事实的推测,其反意疑问句与ThelazygirlwasdismissedlastMonday的反意疑问句相同,故用wasn’t。【变式训练】Thehard-workingboymusthaveachievedhisgoallastyear, he?A.hasn’tB.didn’tC.wasn’tD.doesn’t【解析】选B。考查反意疑问句。根据句意及句子结构得知此句表示对过去事实的推测,其反意疑问句与Thehard-workingboyachievedhisgoallastyear的反意疑问句相同,故用didn’t。12.【解析】选A。考查独立主格结构。句意:做出决定后,下一个问题就是如何做出一个好的计划。havingbeendone是现在分词的完成被动式,表示“完成+被动”,作状语表示该动作发生在主句动作之前。【误区警示】本题考生容易受汉语句子结构的影响而误选B,如果选B要在thenextproblem前面加and。13.【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意:既然他们的孩子们已经离开了家,他们有了许多额外的空间。根据句意得知主句与从句之间存在因果关系,因此选表原因的nowthat。14.【解析】选D。考查状语从句。句意:只要我们坚持并努力,我们内心的梦想终究会实现的。onconditionthat引导条件状语从句。15.【解析】选B。考查让步状语从句。句意:在选举中不管你投谁的票,我希望你至少要知道你为什么要投票。状语从句缺宾语,故排除C、D两项;who不能引导让步状语从句,可用nomatterwho,相当于whoever。16.【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。otherwise引导出相反的结果(猜测)。句意:“他们没有及时采取措施,否则的话就不会出现这几次爆炸。”一些专家说。17.【解析】选C。考查代词。it指上文的同一事物,故排除;attitude为不可数名词,不能用one来代替,故排除B、D。此处that相当于theattitude。18.【解析】选C。考查短语。句意:我的同桌既善良又用功并且很聪明,总之我再怎么赞扬他也不过分。根据句意可知要用Onthewhole(总的来说)。19.【解析】选B。考查省略结构。此句补全为Thoughhe/shewassurprisedtoseeus,theprofessor-7-\ngaveusawarmwelcome。故选B。【知识拓展】某些连词引导的表时间、条件、让步、方式、比较等的状语从句中,当主语与主句主语一致且从句谓语含有be动词时,可以把从句主语和be一起省略。例如:(1)If(itis)usedcorrectly,timeismoneyinthebank.(2)Though(itis)notlarge,theroomisniceandcozy.20.【解析】选C。考查倒装句。当onlyif/when/after/because/then/bydoing等置于句首强调状语的时候,后面的(主句)部分要用部分倒装。21.【解析】选B。考查句子结构。根据前面isbettertolose可以判断此处要用对比的句子,故用toloseone’sspirit【误区警示】做本题时考生容易被than影响,认为than是介词要用-ing形式误选C。这是一个对称结构,即将两个不定式进行比较。22.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。该句从句中缺少条件状语,从句的主语exercise与carryout之间是被动关系,所以要用过去分词;A项虽然表示被动,但是作状语时往往表示正在进行。也可以将该题看作是省略句,省略了it(properamountsofexercise)is。23.【解析】选C。考查代词。句意:我听说他们上周提供了五份报告,没有一份报告含有任何有用的建议。A、D仅限于两者,故排除。根据后面的“anyusefulsuggestions”可知选C。24.【解析】选A。考查情态动词的虚拟用法。从转折词but来看,回答方认为舞蹈演员的表演美中不足,本来能够做得更好一些,这表现的是与过去事实相反的想法,因此用could+havedone。musthavedone肯定已经做了,表示对过去动作的判断;C、D两项表达的是事实,语气不符合语境。25.【解析】选D。考查祈使句。答句句意:填好这份表格我们就会了解到你最适合什么样的岗位。此处为“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构,表示递进或并列的意义。-7-
