阅读理解(建议用时:25分钟)A(2022·北京模拟)体裁说明文题材消息的传播词数387 Badnewstravelsfast—whenyouwatchtheeveningnewsorreadthemorningpapers,itseemsthatthingsthatgetthemostcoveragearealltragedieslikewars,earthquakes,floods,firesandmurders.Thisistheclassicruleformassmedia.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling,”JonahBerger,apsychologistattheUniversityofPennsylvania,theUS,toldTheNewYorkTimes.Butwithsocialmediagettingincreasinglypopular,informationisnowbeingspreadindifferentways,andresearchersarediscoveringnewrules—goodnewscanactuallyspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandothersadstories.BergerandhiscolleagueKatherineMilkmanlookedatthousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes’websiteandanalyzedthe“moste-mailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelist.Thosestoriesarousedfeelingsofaweandmadethereaderswanttosharethispositiveemotionwithothers.Besidessciencestories,readerswerealsofoundtobelikelytosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny.“Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,”Bergerwroteinhisnewbook,Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.Forexample,“storiesaboutnewcomersfallinginlovewithNewYorkCity”,hewrites,tendtobesharedmorethan“thedeathofapopularzookeeper”.Thedifferencebetweenthetwoisduetothefactthatthemassmediaprefersnewsthatgetsattention,whilewhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends“youcarealotmoreabouthowtheyreact”,Bergerexplained.Butdoesallthisgoodnewsactuallymaketheaudiencefeelbetter?Notnecessarily.AccordingtoastudybyresearchersatHarvardUniversity,peopletendtosaymorepositivethingsaboutthemselveswhenthey’retalkingtoabiggeraudience,ratherthanjustoneperson,-9-\nwhichhelpsexplainalltheperfectvacationsthatkeepshowinguponmicroblogs.This,researchersfound,makespeoplethinkthatlifeisunfairandthatthey’relesshappythantheir“friends”.Butnoworries.There’saquickandeasywaytorelievethedepressionyougetfromviewingotherpeople’sseeminglyperfectlives—turnonthetelevisionandwatchthenews.Thereisalwayssomeonedoingworsethanyouare.1.Whydomassmedialiketoreportbadnewsaccordingtothearticle?A.Theywanttoattracttheattentionofreaders.B.Theycarealotabouthowreadersreact.C.Theythinkbadnewsspreadsfasterthangoodnews.D.Theywanttoshowconcernforpeopleindisaster-hitareas.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutBerger’sandhiscolleague’sstudy?A.Theyfoundthatarticlesonsciencearemorelikelytobeshared.B.Sadnewstendedtoarousetheaudience’sfeelingsofaweandsympathy.C.Itwasaimedatfindingoutwhethermassmediashouldcovermoretragedies.D.Goodnewsusuallyhelpstheaudiencerelievetheirnegativeemotions.3.Wecanconcludefromthelastthreeparagraphsthat .A.watchingnewsisgoodforpeople’shealthB.peopleshouldn’tbejealousoftheirfriendsC.sharinggoodnewswithfriendswilldoubleyourhappinessD.peoplemightnotbeashappyastheysuggestontheirmicroblogs4.What’sthearticlemainlyabout?A.Whybadnewsiscoveredmostoften.B.Whygoodnewsspreadsfasterthanbadnews.C.Howpeoplereactdifferentlytobadandgoodnews.D.Whichkindofnewsmakestheaudiencefeelbetter.B体裁广告题材介绍图书词数443 NewAnnotatedSherlockHolmesbyArthurConanDoylePrice:￡28.00-9-\nPublicationDate:30/11/2022Publisher’sDescription:CollectDoyle’sfifty-sixclassicshortstories,arrangedintheorderinwhichtheyappearedinlate-nineteenth-and-early-twentieth-centurybookeditions,inasetcomplementedbyfournovels,editorbiographiesofDoyle,Holmes,andWatsonaswellasliteraryandculturaldetailsaboutVictoriansociety.BreakingGroundbyDanielLibeskindPrice:￡16.00PublicationDate:11/10/2022BriefDescription:Thisisabookabouttheadventurelifethatcanoffereachofusifweseizeit,andaboutthepowerfulforcesoftragedy,memoryandhope.ForDanielLibeskind,life’sadventurehasbeenthrougharchitecture,whichhehasfoundhasthepowertoreshapehumanexperience.Althoughoftenrelatingtothepast,hisbuildingsareaboutthefuture.Thisbiologyofoneman’sjourneybringstogetherhistory,personalexperience,ourphysicalenvironmentandafreshinternationalvision.IntheShadowofNoTowersbyArtSpiegelmanPrice:￡16.00PublicationDate:02/09/2022BriefDescription:On11thSeptember2022,ArtSpiegelmanracedtotheWorldTradeCenter,notknowingifhisdaughterNadjawasaliveordead.Onceshewasfoundsafe—inherschoolatthefootoftheburningtowers—hereturnedhome,tomediate(反省)onthetrauma(创伤),andtoworkonacomicstrip(连环漫画).IntheShadowofNoTowersisNewYorkerArtSpiegelman’sextraordinaryaccountof“thehijacking(劫机)on9.11andthefollowinghijackingofthoseevents”byAmerica.LightonSnowbyAnitaShrevePrice:￡14.00PublicationDate:07/10/2022Publisher’sDescription:Thisisthe11thnovelbyAnitaShreve,thecriticallyacceptedbestseller.Amovingstory-9-\nofloveandcourageandtragedyandofthewaysinwhichthehumanheartalwaysseekstohealitself.LastChildintheWoodsbyRichardLouvPrice:￡20.99PublicationDate:11/08/2022BriefDescription:Campinginthegarden,ridingbikesthroughthewoods,climbingtrees,pickingwildflowers,runningthroughpilesofautumnleaves...thesearethethingschildhoodmemoriesaremadeof.Butforawholegenerationoftoday’schildrenthepleasuresofafree-rangechildhoodaremissing,andtheirindoorhabitscontributetoobesity,attentiondisorderandchildhooddepression.Thisbookshowshowourchildrenhavebecomeincreasinglydistancedfromnature,whythismattersandhowwecanmakeadifference.RichardLouvischairmanoftheChildrenandNatureNetworkandco-chairoftheNationalForumonChildrenandNature.HeistheauthorofsevenotherbooksandhaswrittenfornewspapersandmagazinesincludingtheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPost.5.IfonewantstoknowsomethingaboutVictoriansociety,heorshemayread .A.LightonSnowB.IntheShadowofNoTowersC.BreakingGroundD.NewAnnotatedSherlockHolmes6.Whichofthefollowingreferstotragedies?A.LightonSnow&BreakingGroundB.LightonSnow&IntheShadowofNoTowersC.IntheShadowofNoTowers&BreakingGroundD.NewAnnotatedSherlockHolmes&IntheShadowofNoTowers7.Whichbookisbasedonarealbigevent?A.BreakingGroundB.IntheShadowofNoTowersC.LightonSnowD.LastChildinTheWoods-9-\n8.Whohasalsowrittenfornewspapersandmagazinesaccordingtothetext?A.ArthurConanDoyle B.DanielLibeskindC.ArtSpiegelmanD.RichardLouvC体裁记叙文题材面对死亡词数415 Ilookedatthefresh-faced(朝气蓬勃的)boyandbackatthecathehadprobablyhadallhislife.Iwasgoingtohavetotellhimthathiscathadatumor(肿瘤).Evenifitweresurgicallyremoved,sheprobablywouldsurvivelessthanayear.Andtheretheboywas,allalone.Deathissomethingwepushtothebackgroundandignoreaslongaspossible,butinrealityeverylivingthingwelovewilldie.Howdeathisfirstexperiencedcanbelife-forming?Itcanbeathingofhorrorandsufferingorapeacefulrelease.SoIwouldhavetoguidetheboythroughthismyself.Ididnotwanttheburden.Ithadtobedoneperfectly,orhemightendupemotionallyscarred.Itwouldhavebeeneasytorunfromthistaskandleaveittoaparent.ButwhenIlookedattheboy’sface,IknewIcouldn’tdothat.SoItoldhimasgentlyasIcouldwhatIhadfound,andwhatitmeant.AsIspoke,theboymovedquicklyawayfromme,probablysoIcouldnotseehisface.Idiscussedthealternativeswithhim.Icouldletherfadeawayathome,orgiveheraninjectionandputhertosleep.Helistenedcarefullyandnoddedgravely.Hesaidhedidn’twanthertosuffer.Hereluctantlytoldmetoputthecattosleep.Inmyprofessionalopinion,too,thiswastheleastbadoption.Icouldsee,though,howmuchitwascostinghim.Icouldnotcontrolthetearsstreamingdownmyface,orthegrief(悲伤)Ifeltwellinginsideforthisboywhohadhadtobecomeamansoquickly,allalone.Heheldhiscat’sheadandreassuredherwhileIadministered(执行)theinjection.Shedriftedofftosleep,herheadcradled(轻轻抱着)inhishand.Theanimallookedquietandatrest.Theownernowboreallthesuffering.Somethingwasmissing,though.IdidnotfeelasthoughIhadcompletedmytask.Itcame-9-\ntomesuddenlythatthoughIhadaskedhimtobecomeamaninstantly,andhehaddonesowithgraceandstrength,hewasstillachild.Iheldoutmyarmsandaskedhimifheneededahug.Hedid,andintruth,sodidI.9.Whentheauthorwasabouttotelltheboywhatwaswrongwiththecat,heorshe .A.wasfullofsympathyforthecatB.hadalreadyinformedhisparentsofwhathappenedC.decidedtohelphimfacedeathwithouthesitationD.wasafraidthatthisexperiencemighthaveadeepeffectonhimemotionally10.Whatwastheboy’sfirstreactionuponhearingthebadnewsabouthiscat?A.Hewassadandangry.B.Hetriedtohidehisfeelings.C.Herefusedtoacceptthecrueltruth.D.Heturnedtotheauthorforcomfort.11.Whatwasthebestwaytodealwiththecat,intheopinionoftheauthor?A.Lettingherfadeawayathome.B.Givingherdrugstoeaseherpain.C.Havinghertumorsurgicallyremoved.D.Puttinganendtoherlifewithoutpain.12.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheboy?A.Proudbutpuzzled.B.Worriedbutobjective.C.Doubtfulanddisappointed.D.Sympatheticandsupportive.【拓展训练】根据A篇文章回答问题。(1)Accordingtothepassage,whydoreadersprefersciencearticles?(nomorethan15words)(2)WhatdoesParagraph9mainlytellabout?(nomorethan8words)-9-\n-9-\n答案解析A 【文章大意】介绍新的研究发现人们乐于传播好的正面的消息,并分析了其中的原因。1.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theywantyoureyeballs”和第七段的“themassmediaprefersnewsthatgetsattention”可以得知答案。2.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第五段可以得此答案。B、C、D文中都没有提到。3.【解析】选D。推理判断题。最后三段的大意是:面对更多人的时候,人们倾向于分享自己更积极正面的东西,所以在微博上展现的一般都是假期过得多么完美等,但是分享这种快乐可能会让他们的朋友们觉得生活不公平或者感觉自己不快乐。4.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。这篇文章的中心内容是介绍新的研究发现人们乐于传播好的正面的消息,并分析了其中的原因,故选B。B 【文章大意】本文是几本书的广告,介绍了作者,出版日期,价格方面的信息和书的梗概。5.【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第一则广告的句子:WatsonaswellasliteraryandculturaldetailsaboutVictoriansociety可知想知道维多利亚社会的人应该读NewAnnotatedSherlockHolmes。6.【解析】选A。细节理解题。从第二则广告的句子:aboutthepowerfulforcesoftragedy和第四则广告的句子:Amovingstoryofloveandcourageandtragedy可知选A。7.【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第三则广告的句子:IntheShadowofNoTowersisNewYorkerArtSpiegelman’sextraordinaryaccountof“thehijackingon9.11andthefollowinghijackingofthoseevents”byAmerica.可知这本书是以真实的大事件为基础的。8.【解析】选D。细节理解题。从最后一则广告的句子:HeistheauthorofsevenotherbooksandhaswrittenfornewspapersandmagazinesincludingtheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPost.可知RichardLouv也为报纸和杂志写文章。C 【文章大意】男孩的猫得了肿瘤,最多可活不到一年。在医生的建议下男孩为猫选择了安乐死,作者帮助男孩勇敢地面对猫的死亡。9.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ithadtobedoneperfectly,orhemightendupemotionallyscarred”可以得此答案。A、B文中没有提到。由第二段的“Ididnotwanttheburden”和“Itwouldhavebeeneasytorunfromthistaskandleaveittoaparent”可知,作者心里对于是否去帮助男孩面对死亡,还是有些犹豫的,所以C有误。-9-\n10.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的“AsIspoke,theboymovedquicklyawayfromme,probablysoIcouldnotseehisface.”可以得出答案。11.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句话,男孩同意让他的猫安乐死,作者也认为那是最好的选择。12.【解析】选D。推理判断题。从作者温柔地跟男孩解释猫的病情,到作者自己泪流满面,再到最后给男孩拥抱,我们不难看出作者对男孩是同情、支持的态度。【拓展训练】答案：(1)Becausetheyarousedfeelingsofaweandmadereaderssharethispositiveemotion.(2)Goodnewsmaymakeothersworse.-9-
