专题三 “字斟句酌”——“驾驭”推理判断类题目 Ⅰ.体验高考Passage1体裁：记叙文 话题：生活经历 时间：7分钟(2022·广东卷，C)Likemanynewgraduates，IleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithnorealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.Mydegree，withhonors，inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow，butIhadnoideahowtodothat.That'swhenIlearnedabouttheLighthouseProject.IstartedmyjourneyasaLighthouseProjectvolunteerbyreadingasmuchasIcouldabouttheexperiencesofpreviousvolunteers.Iknewitwouldbealotofhardwork，andthatIwouldbeawayfrommyfamilyandfriendsforaverylongtime.Inshort，IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily.Eventually，however，Iwonthesupportofmyfamily，andIsentinallthepaperworkneededforapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations，Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater，Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportforduty.IwouldbegoingtoasmallvillagenearAbuja，Nigeria.Where？What？Nigeria？Ihadnoidea.ButIwasabouttofindout.Aftercompletingmytraining，Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor，theyofferedtheirhomes，hearts，andfoodasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso，Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.ButIsometimesthinkIlearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme.Sometimeduringthatperiod，Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid，thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage，andIreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.【语篇导读】 本文作者叙述的是自己申请叫做灯塔计划的志愿者工作的过程和被选作志愿者后去阿布加附近的一个小村庄工作的经历，这段经历让作者学到了许多，改变了人生。1．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．Hisuniversityeducationfocusedontheoreticalknowledge.B．Hisdreamatuniversitywastobecomeavolunteer.C．Hetookprideinhavingcontributedtotheworld.D．HefelthonoredtostudyEnglishliterature.解析 事实细节题。由第一段第二句“Mydegree，withhonors，inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical”可知，作者的大学教育注重的是理论知识，选A。答案 A2．AccordingtoParagraph2，itismostlikelythattheauthor________.A．discussedhisdecisionwithhisfamilyB．askedpreviousvolunteersaboutvoluntaryworkC．attendedspecialtrainingtoperformdifficulttasks13\nD．feltsadabouthavingtoleavehisfamilyandfriends解析 推理判断题。由第二段最后一句Inshort，IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily(总之，我并不是轻易决定申请灯塔计划的，我的家人也一样不是轻易决定的)和第三段首句Eventually，however，Iwonthesupportofmyfamily(然而，最后我赢得了家人的支持)可以推断出，作者是同家人讨论商量过的。答案 A3．Inhisapplicationforthevolunteerjob，theauthor________.A．participatedinmanydiscussionsB．wentthroughchallengingsurvivaltestsC．wrotequiteafewpapersonvoluntaryworkD．facedstrongcompetitionfromothercandidates解析 推理判断题。由第二段的第二句“Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations，Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone”可推知，作者面临了与其他候选人的激烈竞争。故选D。答案 D4．Onarrivalatthevillage，theauthorwas________.A．askedtoleadafarmingteamB．senttoteachinaschoolhouseC．receivedwarmlybylocalvillagersD．arrangedtoliveinaseparatehouse解析 事实细节题。由第四段Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor，theyofferedtheirhomes，hearts，andfoodasifIweretheirownfamily可知，一到达那个村庄时，他受到村民的热情接待，故选C。文中信息具体，正确选项是对其概括。答案 C5．Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor'sexperiencesinNigeria?A．Hefoundsomedifficultyadaptingtothelocalculture.B．Hehadlearnedtocommunicateinthelocallanguage.C．Hehadovercomeallhisweaknessesbeforeheleftforhome.D．Hewaschosenasthemostrespectableteacherbyhisstudents.解析 推理判断题。由最后一段第一句allthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid(他当初觉得奇怪或不寻常的所有事现在都不再觉得奇怪了)可推断，已适应了，但当初不适应时要适应这些，是有困难的，故选A。答案 APassage2体裁：说明文 话题：经历感受 时间：7分钟(2022·湖北卷)You'veflownhalfwayaroundtheworld；you'vesniffedoutthisplacethatnobodyinFalonglandorThailandseemstohaveeverheardof；sowhatonearthistheretodohere？Youconsiderthisquestionasyousinkintoanoldwoodenbeachchairthatholdsyouabovethesand.ItwasalongjourneyfromBangkoktoHuaplee.Bythetimeyoufoundthebusstationandgotyourselfsortedout，ittookalmostaslongastheflightfromFalongland.HuapleeislocatedjustsouthofHuaHin，abouttwohundredkilometresfromBangkok，downthewestsideoftheGulfofThailand.Notmanytouristsfindthisplace，andtheonesthatdowonderif13\nfindingithasbeentheirpurposeallalong.There'sanapparentlazinessthatsurroundsyouhere.It'swhatthisplaceoffers，andit'sfreeofcharge.Thesmallwavesthattaptheshorelineseemtosloweverythingdown.Yousettleintoyourbeachchairinpreparationforalongrest.Yousitthereandwatchthesea.It'searlyafternoon，sothecookcomesoutandaskswhatyou'dliketoeatthisevening.Beforelonghe'srushedofftothemarkettobuytheingredientsforwhateveritwasthatyouordered－everymealfreshandtoorder.Nomenuhere.Thereisnopoolsidenoiseherebutjustthatwonderfullywarm，clearbluesea.There'snostreetnoise.Theonlysoundsarethemurmursofnature.Fornowyoujustcountyourblessings(福祉)，listingtheminthesandwithyourtoe(脚趾)．Youdon'thavetoworryaboutbeinglateforwork.Youdon'thavetodoanything.Thebeachtoyourrightstretchesofftothehorizon(地平线)，slowlynarrowingtonothingnessonlytoreemergeagainonyourleft，nowsteadilywideninguntilitcoversthechairbeneathyou.Sandtoyourleftandsandtoyourright；it'sunbroken，endless.Nostart，noend，justsand，sun，andpeace.Stepoffit，andyoureentertheworldoftraffic，stress，work，andhurry.Normallyyou'rethetypewhocan'tsitstillformorethantenminutes，butyou'reonHuapleeLazyBeachnowand，intherightframeofmind，itstretchesallthewayaroundtheworld.“Howcouldittakemesolongtofindit？”youwonder.【语篇导读】 文章了描述HuapleeBeach的大体位置、饮食和在这里度过的美好时光。1．WhentheauthorfirstwenttoHuapleeBeach，________________________________________________________________________.A．hefounditunworthwhileB．hefailedtosorthimselfoutC．hebecamesensitivetosmellD．hehaddifficultyinfindingit解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段Itwasalongjourney...ittookalmostaslongastheflightfromFalongland，第三段第二句Notmanytouristsfindthisplace.可知这个地方不好找，作者找到这个地方耗时很长，因此答案为D。答案 D2．WhatisspecialaboutthefoodserviceatHuapleeBeach?A．Nomenu.B．Freefood.C．Selfservice.D．Quickdelivery.解析 细节理解题。第五段文章涉及饮食，根据该段最后一句Nomenuhere可知答案为A。答案 A3．Intheauthor'sopinion，atouristcanenjoyHuapleeBeachmostwhenhe________.A．sitsinabeachchairB．forgetshisdailyroutineC．plansadetailedscheduleD．drawspicturesinthesand解析 推理判断题。文章第七段：Fornowyoujustcountyourblessings，listingtheminthesandwithyourtoe.Youdon'thavetoworryaboutbeinglateforwork.Youdon'thavetodoanything，和第八段：Nostart，noend，justsand，sun，andpeace.Stepoffit，andyoureentertheworldoftraffic，stress，work，andhurry.都描述了在HuapleeLazyBeach享受的美好时光。但第八段的最后一句Stepoffit，andyoureentertheworldoftraffic，stress，workand13\nhurry，一旦走出这里，人们又要回到日常生活中，面临工作、交通、压力和快节奏的生活，而要享受HuapleeBeach则需要暂时抛开这些，即答案为B。答案 B4．Whatdoestheauthorimplybyhisquestionattheendofthepassage?A．Heshouldn'thavecountedhisblessings.B．Heshouldhaveunderstoodthewonderofnature.C．Heshouldn'thavespentsomuchtimeonthetrip.D．Heshouldhavecometotheplaceearlier.解析 推理判断题。根据最后一句：“Howcouldittakemesolongtofindit？”结合全篇文章所讲的在HuapleeLazyBeach旅游的舒适惬意，可知作者是在感叹自己应该早点来到这里的。因此答案为D。答案 DⅡ.仿真、模拟Passage1体裁：议论文 话题：节约粮食 时间：7分钟(2022·湖北黄岗市模拟)Allofusshouldkeepakitchendiary，showinghowmuchfoodareleftuneatenasgarbage.Weallwastefood，youandme，millionsoftonsofit.InChina，enoughfoodiswastedinrestaurantseveryyeartofeed200millionpeople.IntheUnitedStates,40percentoffoodiswastedfromfarmtofork.Eachyear，theamountoffoodthrownawayinrichcountriesisalmostthesameasthatproducedinsubSaharanAfrica.Thisraisessomeimportantquestions.Indevelopingcountries，foodislostbecausefarmersdonothaveappropriatecooling，storageormarketaccessfortheircrops.Theirgrains，fruitsandvegetablesdryupandrotaway.Indevelopedcountries，thepictureisdifferent，andfoodiswastedinsupermarkets，restaurantsandathome.Chinafacesbothproblems，significantlossesinfarms，aswellasatthesaleandconsumptionstages.AndtheamountoffoodwastedbyChineseconsumersisrapidlyincreasing.ConsumerculturehasfilledChinaandurbanresidentscangetqualityfoodfromanywhereinthecountryandfromacrosstheplanet.Chineseconsumersareasparticularabouttheirfoodasthoseinothercountries.Insupermarkets，theyrefusetobuyvegetablesthatdon'tlookfreshorhaveanirregularshape，ormilkandotherproductsclosetotheirexpiry(失效)date.Besides，Chineseconsumerstendtobegenerous.Inrestaurantsorathome，oftentoomuchfoodisorderedorcookedandserved.Sowhiletroopingoutofarestaurant，fullandhappy，withcolleaguesorfriends，theyneverlookbackatwhat'sleftuntouchedonthetable.ShouldChineseconsumerstakemoreresponsibilityforthewastetheycreate?Everyonedeservestohaveenoughfoodtoeat.DespiteChina'simpressivesuccessinreducinghungeroverthepastthreedecades，thejobisnotcompletedyet.【语篇导读】 文章阐述了人们尤其是中国人浪费食物的现象及其原因，从而号召人们节约粮食。1．AccordingtoParagraph1，weknowthatfoodwasteis______.A．hugeworldwideB．mainlyinUSAC．onlyinrichcountriesD．justinAfricancountries解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Allofus”及第二段第一句中的“Weallwastefood，you13\nandme”可知，每个人都有浪费粮食的问题。故答案选A。答案 A2．Indevelopingcountries，foodislostmainly________.A．forthelackofcoolingandstorageB．becauseofeasyaccesstomarketsC．becauseofthewetweatherD．becauseofthequalityofthefood解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，发展中国家粮食浪费的主要原因是没有正确的冷却、存储等方法。故答案选A。答案 A3．ThemainreasonforfoodwasteinChinais________.A．theeffectofconsumercultureB．theconvenientfoodsupplyC．theworryaboutfoodqualityD．people'sbeingparticularaboutit解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四、五段可知，中国人浪费粮食的主要原因有：购买方便、对食品挑剔以及慷慨待客的习惯等，而这些归纳起来都属于消费文化。答案 A4．HowdoChinesefeelwhentheyleaverestaurantswithmuchfoodleftbehind?A．Generous.B．Unconscious.C．Wealthy.D．Valuable.解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“Chineseconsumerstendtobegenerous”以及第三句中的“fullandhappy”可知，中国人酒足饭饱离开饭店时感到很开心，对所剩的饭菜不屑一顾，以此来表明自己慷慨好客。答案 A5．Thepurposeofthepassageistotellus________.A．nottowasteanyfoodfromnowonB．thenecessitytoimprovefoodqualityC．thefactoffoodwasteindevelopedcountriesD．theinfluenceofconsumercultureonChinese解析 写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要阐述了人们尤其是中国人浪费食物的现象及其原因，从而号召人们节约粮食。故答案选A。答案 APassage2体裁：议论文 话题：保护环境 时间：8分钟(2022·嘉兴二模)Oneday，Mr.Arnoldwasteachingalesson，andthingsweregoingasnormallyasever.Hewasexplainingthestoryofmankindtohispupils.Hetoldthemthat，inthebeginning，menwerenomads；theyneverstayedinthesameplaceforverylong.Instead，theywouldtravelabout，hereandthere，insearchoffood，whereveritwastobefound.Andwhenthefoodranout，theywouldmoveoffsomewhereelse.Hetaughtthemabouttheinventionoffarmingandkeepinganimals.Thiswasanimportantdiscovery，becausebylearningtocultivate(耕作)theland，andcareforanimals，mankindwould13\nalwayshavefoodsteadilyavailable.Italsomeantthatpeoplecouldremainlivinginoneplace，andthismadeiteasiertosetabouttasksthatwouldtakealongwhiletocomplete，likebuildingtowns，cities，andallthatwereinthem.Allthechildrenlisteningwereattractedbythisstory，untilLucyjumpedup：“Andifthatwassoimportantandimprovedeverythingsomuch，whyarewenomadsalloveragain，Mr.Arnold？”Mr.Arnolddidn'tknowwhattosay.Lucywasaveryintelligentgirl.Heknewthatshelivedwithherparentsinahouse，soshemustknowthatherfamilywerenotnomads；sowhatdidshemean?“Wehaveallbecomenomadsagain，”continuedLucy.“Theotherday，outsidethecity，theywerecuttingtheforestdown.Awhileagoafishermantoldmehowtheyfish.It'sthesamewitheveryone：whenthere'snomoreforestlefttheforestersgoelsewhere，andwhenthefishrunoutthefishermenmoveon.That'swhatthenomadsdid，isn'tit？”Theteachernodded，thoughtfully.Really，Lucywasright.Mankindhadturnedintonomads.Insteadoflookingafterthelandinawaythatwecouldbesureitwouldkeepsupplyingourneeds，wekeptdevelopingituntilthelandwasbare.Andthenoffwewouldgotothenextplace！Theclassspenttherestoftheafternoontalkingaboutwhattheycoulddotoshowhowtobemorecivilized.ThenextdayeveryoneattendedclasswearingagreenTshirt，withamessagethatsaid，“Iamnotanomad！”And，fromthenon，theysetaboutshowingthatindeedtheywerenot.Everytimetheyknewtheyneededsomething，theymadesurethattheywouldgetitusingcareandcontrol.Iftheyneededwoodorpaper，theywouldmakesurethattheygottherecycledkind.Theyorderedtheirfishfromfishfarms，makingsurethatthefishtheyreceivedwerenottooyoungandtoosmall.Theyonlyusedanimalsthatwerewellcaredfor，andbroughtuponfarms.Andso，fromtheirlittletown，thosechildrenmanagedtogiveupbeingnomadsagain，justasprehistoricmenhaddone，somanythousandsofyearsago.【语篇导读】 本文论述了人类游牧的原因与结果，唤醒人们应该怎样对待环境。1．Whywouldearlyhumanstravelaboutinthebeginning?A．Toexperiencedifferentlifestyles.B．Togosightseeingindifferentplaces.C．Tofindwhattheycouldtofeedthemselves.D．Todomoreexercisetobuildthemselvesup.解析 细节理解题。通过第一段“Instead，theywouldtravelabout，hereandthere，insearchoffood...”可知。答案 C2．FromParagraph2，wecanknowthat________.A．peoplegottiredoflivinginthesameplaceB．peoplegraduallygotusedtolivingincitiesC．peoplespentalongtimeinlearningtokeepanimalsD．peopletendedtosettledownafterlearningfarming解析 细节理解题。通过第二段“Thiswasanimportantdiscovery，becausebylearning...Italsomeantthat...”可知。答案 D3．Intheteacher'sopinion，Lucy'sargumentwas________.A．reasonableB．ridiculous13\nC．puzzlingD．shocking解析 推理判断题。由第六段可知，老师认为Lucy的观点很有道理，故选A。答案 A4．Whichofthefollowingagreeswiththemessage“Iamnotanomad”(Paragraph7)?A．Peopleeatyoungfishforitsdelicioustaste.B．Peopleuserecycledmaterialsasmuchaspossible.C．Fishermenmoveelsewherewhenthereisnofishleft.D．Forestersleavetheplacewherewoodisnotavailable.解析 细节理解题。Iamnotanomad我并不是游牧人，指的是学生立志不再破坏环境，争做保护环境的“文明人”。答案 B5．Thewritertriestomakeusbelievethat________.A．mankindhasbeenprogressingmainlythroughtravelingaboutB．it'sunwiseformankindtousethelandinanuncontrolledwayC．it'squitegoodforstudentstolearnmoreaboutthehistoryofmankindD．teachersshouldencouragestudentstovoicetheirownopinions解析 推理判断题。作者通过引用该故事，目的是让我们一起行动起来保护环境，不再破坏环境。B升华主题。答案 BPassage3体裁：记叙文 话题：助人为乐 时间：15分钟Onacoldwinterday，agroupofstrangersbandtogethertosavethreechildren.The30milesofswitchbacks(急转弯)thatsnakethroughthepinecoveredmountainsofLoganCanyoninUtahareenoughtomakemostdrivers'handssweat.ButRogerAndersen，a46yearoldfatheroffour，wasn'texpectinganytroubleontheroadlastNewYear'sEve，whenhesetoffforanunexpectedskitriptotheBearRiverMountainswithnineyearolddaughterMia，fouryearoldsonBaylor，andnineyearoldneighborKenyaWildman.Andersenhaddriventhroughthecanyonhundredsoftimesovertheyears.“Weskiinthatareaatleast20timesayear，”saysAndersen.“Iknowthespotsthaticeupalotinthewinter.”Theweatherwasgloriousforhittingtheslopes—30degreesandsunny—butthehighertheydrove，theslicker(滑溜溜的)theroadsbecame.Roundingasharpturnatmilemaker473，Andersensawatruckthathadskatedofftheroadandtappedhisbrakes(刹车)suddenly.Inaninstant，theHondaAccordwasslidingat25milesperhourtowardtheshoulderofthehighway，thenslippingdownasteeptenfootembankment(路堤)towardthecoldLoganRiver.Asithitthewater，thecartippedtowardthepassengerside，hesitated，andthenrolledontoitsroofandsankintotheriver.Therewasnotimetotellthekidswhattodo.Thecrashhadbrokenafewwindows，andwithinseconds，thecaboftheupsidedowncarwasfilledwithwater.“Itwasfrighteninghowfastwewerecompletelyunderwater，”remembersAndersen，asoftspokenproductdevelopmentmanager.“You'rethinking，‘Isthishowit'sallgoingtoend？'”Then，Andersenbegantosearchthefreezingwaterforthekids.Miahadbeenrightnexttohiminthefrontseat；now，intheblackness，hecouldn'tfindher.“Ithought，ifIdon'tgetout，maybenone13\nofusisgoingtogetout.”Andersenuntiedhisseatbelt，swamthroughabrokenwindow，andgaspedforairatthesurface.That'swhenhesawagroupofmen，aboutteninall，appearatthetopoftheembankment.Oneafteranother，theyjumpedintothewater，shouting,“Whoelseisinthecar？”Andersensaysrespectfully,“Itwaslikethesightofangels.”【语篇导读】 Andersen的车不幸落入冰冷的河水中，一群素昧平生的人对车里的人展开了一场生死营救……1．Whichwordcanbestdescribethefeelingsofmostdriverswhendrivingonthisslope?A．Nervous.B．Curious.C．Excited.D．Puzzled.解析 推理判断题。第二段提到这段30英里的路急转弯多，足以让多数司机手心出汗(areenoughtomakemostdrivers'handssweat)，据此可推知，多数司机开车走在这段路上的时候应该都非常紧张，故选择A。答案 A2．WhatAndersensaysinParagraph4showsthat______.A．heisusedtodrivingonsuchadangerousroadB．hehasgreatconfidenceindrivingonthissteeproadC．helikestoskionsuchasteepdownhillroadD．hewouldnotmeetsuchtroubleasotherdriversdid解析 推理判断题。由Andersen说的话可知，他一年要在该地区滑雪至少20次，也对该地区冬天的情况很了解，由此推测他走这条路时十分有信心，故选择B。答案 B3．HowdidAndersenescapefromthecrashedcaratlast?A．Hewassavedwiththehelpofsomepassersby.B．Heswamoutofabrokenwindow.C．Hebrokeawindownearby.D．Hedrovehiscaroutofthewater.解析 细节理解题。从文章最后一段可知，Andersen在车里找不到孩子，自己松开安全带，从一个破的车窗里游了出来，故选择B。答案 B4．Andersen'sattitudetowardthesemen'srescuingthechildrenmightbethatof______.A．doubtB．satisfactionC．sympathyD．appreciation解析 推理判断题。从最后一段Andersen的回答“Itwaslikethesightofangels.”可推知，Andersen对这些人的见义勇为是非常感激的，故选择D。答案 B【长难句解读】原文 Asithitthewater，thecartippedtowardthepassengerside，hesitated，andthenrolledontoitsroofandsankintotheriver.译文 当接触到水面时，车子向副驾驶那一边倾斜，稍停了一下，然后底朝天跌入河中。分析 这是一个复合句，As引导时间状语从句，thecartipped...为主句，其中的四个动词为并列谓语，表示按时间依次发生的动作。Passage4体裁：记叙文 话题：真实生活 时间：7分钟13\nOneofthosebigsocialnetworkingsites，Facebook，hasattractedover58millionmembers.CommentatorMelodyCramerisnolongeroneofthem.Hereiswhatsheshareswithusaboutherstory.Ideletedall1,281ofmycoworkers，secondgradeclassmatesandpeoplewhoIdon'tknowatall.Ishutdownmyaccount，completely.I'm25，andI'vebeenonFacebooksinceMarchof2022，whichmakesmeoneofthewebsite'searliestusers.Atfirst，Iuseditobsessively.IfIhadafreemoment，I'dlogontoseewhethermyfriendshadupdatedtheirprofiles.I'dsitalonescrollingthroughtheseupdatesandthenrunintosomeoneatacoffeeshopandhavenothingtosaybecauseIalreadykneweverythingaboutthem，andtheykneweverythingaboutme.InNovember，Iwenttomyfiveyearhighschoolreunionandwasnotpleasantlysurprised.Laurenbecameamodel，Joshwenttolawschool，Dinawasateacher.Ihadn'ttalkedtoanyofthemsincegraduation，butIknewexactlywhattheyweredoing，bothnowandlastweek.Butlately，I'moverwhelmed(应接不暇)．Facebookopeneduptoeveryone，notjustcollegestudents，andmycoworkersstartedtojoin，whichmeanttheynowknewwhatIwasdoingwhenIwasn'tatwork.Andasarule:youcanNOTmakefriendswithyourcoworkersbecausethenthey'llaskyouthenextday.ButIthoughtwewerefriends.Andyouarefriendsbutnotthekindoffriendswhotelleachotherwhattheydooutsideofwork.Sonowthepeopleyouworkwithcanseewhatyoudidlastnight，andyou'reconstantlyworryingwhatpeoplemightsayaboutwhatyoudidlastnightinsteadofactuallydoinganythingtonight.SoIquit.Ibecamea25yearoldLuddite，apersonwhoisstronglyagainsttechnologydevelopment.I'veretunedtohowtheworldworkedwhenIwas20，beforeIknewwhenmyfriendsandcoworkerswerecountingdownthesecondstovacationorwistful(伤感的)orenteringacomplicatedrelationship.I'mhopinglifewillbealotsimplernow.PeoplewillbemoremysteriousnowthatIactuallyhavetotalktothemtofindouttheirfavoritebooksorhobbiesorneurosis(神经症)．Idon'tknowwhenmycollegeroommategoestothesupermarket，andIthinkI'mabetterpersonfornotknowing.Infact，youcouldsaygettingoffasocialnetworkwasthebestthingI'vedonethisweek.【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。评论员MelodyCramer曾是社交网站Facebook的忠实追随者，近日却毅然选择了退出。究竟是什么原因让她做出如此的决定呢？1．WelearnfromthepassagethatcommentatorMelodyCramer______.A．hada20yearmembershipofFacebookB．usedtobeveryattachedtoFacebookC．wasdisappointedtomeetherhighschoolclassmatesD．wasoneofthefoundersofFacebook解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Melody曾经对Facebook很着迷，故B项正确。答案 B2．MelodyCramerdecidedtoquitFacebookmainlybecause______.A．shemadesomanystrangefriendsonlineB．shethoughtFacebookwastedhertoomuchtimeC．shethoughtFacebookmadeherrealworldlifelessinterestingD．shewastiredofchattingonlinewithcoworkers.解析 推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可知，Melody13\nCramer经常在网上就已经知道了她朋友的一切，当他们真正碰面时却又无话可说，所以她觉得Facebook使她的真实世界的生活很无趣，故C项正确。答案 C3．WhichofthefollowingaboutMelodyCramerisTRUE?A．ShehaslearntalotfromFacebookoncommunicationskills.B．Shewishesthatshecouldbeseveralyearsyounger.C．Shenolongerwantstoknowanythingaboutherfriends.D．Shewouldprefertofaceherfriendsandcoworkersintherealworld.解析 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是最后一段中的“I'mhopinglife...theirfavoritebooksorhobbiesorneurosis(神经症)．”可推知，她更喜欢在现实生活中去面对朋友和同事，故D项正确。答案 D4．FromherownexperienceMelodyCramerisseeminglytryingtotellusthat______.A．stayingonlinetoooftenmakesoneoverwhelmedandboredB．itisunwisetomakeonlinefriendswithpeopleonedoesn'tknowC．makingonlinefriendswithcoworkersaffectsone'spersonallifeD．itisnecessarytokeepone'sfriendsatadistancetoremainmysterious解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，MelodyCramer以自己的亲身经历告诉我们：同事毕竟不是那种相互告知彼此下了班都做些什么的朋友，他们会影响你的正常生活，故C项正确。答案 CPassage5体裁：记叙文 话题：友谊情深 时间：7分钟WhenmilkarrivedonthedoorstepWhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s，wehadamilkmandeliveringmilktoourdoorstep.HisnamewasMr.Basille.Heworeawhitecapanddroveawhitetruck.Asa5yearoldboy，Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchangerfixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger.Ofcourse，hedeliveredmorethanmilk.Therewascheese，eggsandsoon.Ifweneededtochangeourorder，mymotherwouldpenanote——“Pleaseaddabottleofbuttermilknextdelivery”—andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.Andthen，thebuttermilkwouldmagicallyappear.Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.Thereexistedacloserelationshipbetweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.Mr.Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse，forthosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors，sothatthemilkwouldn'tfreeze.AndIrememberMr.Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatourkitchentable，havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilk，thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete.Besides，milkisforsaleeverywhere，anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadeliveryservice.Recently，anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhoodmemories.Itookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch(门廊)．Everysooftenmyson'sfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood，andofthemilkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalong13\nwithhismilk.【语篇导读】 本文记叙文，作者使用夹叙夹议的写作手法回忆了自己小时候家人和送奶人之间的深厚友谊，表达了作者对儿时生活及送奶人的怀念。1．Mr.Basillegavetheboyaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger______.A．toshowhismagicalpowerB．topayforthedeliveryC．tosatisfyhiscuriosityD．topleasehismother解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句话可知我目不转睛地盯着对方的东西是出于一个五岁孩子的好奇心，而送奶人这样做是为了满足我的好奇心。答案 C2．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatthemilkmanhadthekeytotheboy'shouse?A．Hewantedtohaveteathere.B．Hewasarespectableperson.C．Hewastreatedasafamilymember.D．Hewasfullytrustedbythefamily.解析 推理判断题。由第三段内容可知送奶人是被信任的人，所以可以拥有“我”家的钥匙，以方便送奶。答案 D3．Whydoeshomemilkdeliverynolongerexist?A．Nobodywantstobeamilkmannow.B．Ithasbeendrivenoutofthemarket.C．Itsserviceisgettingpoor.D．Itisforbiddenbylaw.解析 推理判断题。由第四段可知：第一，大公司竞争力强；第二，牛奶销售到处可见。二者足以把送奶人排挤出市场。答案 B4．Whydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkbox?A．Hemissedthegoodolddays.B．Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.C．Heneededitforhismilkbottles.D．Heplantedflowersinit.解析 推理判断题。由文中字里行间可知，作者怀念儿时的时光，怀念与送奶人之间的深厚情谊，再根据最后一句：我开始讲述我儿时的故事，讲述送奶人的故事，可知作者在怀旧。答案 A【长难句解读】原文 Bigcompaniesallowedtheproductionofcheapermilk，thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete.译文 大公司可以生产出更便宜的牛奶，这就使得送奶人很难与之竞争。分析 本句making为非谓语动词，为结果状语。Passage6体裁：记叙文 话题：人物介绍 时间：6分钟13\nPeterByfordwasborninastonehouseinHonley，andwhenhewastinyhisdad，aformerminer，gotajobinthetextiletradeandtheByford'smovedtoSkelmanthorpe.Lifewastoughbutfun，andyoungPeterspenthisdaysintherollingcountryside，raftingontheriver，makingtreecampsorplayingonhisownwithhismodelrailwayandsoldiers.Hisworldwasrockedbytragedywhenhismotherdied，whichdestroyedyoungPeter，ashychildwhosuddenlyhadtogrowupfast.Thoughgrieving，hewentuptheroadtolivewithhisauntanduncle，andreturnedhomemuchtooyoungtofacethenextchallenge，thatoflookingafterhisdad，whohadlostanarminanaccidentinafactory.BythenhehadtakenthenicknameasBiff.TheyoungerBiffstruggledatschoolbecauseofhisshyness，butlovedthemusiclessonsandbecamefriendswithaclassmatewhosebrotherhadaguitar.Atthesametimeayoungmanwhohadabanjo(班卓琴)movedintothehouseoppositewherehelivedandhetaughtyoungBiffhowtoplayit.Theseedshadbeensownandmusicbegantoinfluencehislife.Butevenso，hisworkingcareerbegan，intypicalfashionfor1960sWestYorkshire.Afterashorttimeasanapprentice(学徒)carpenter，hewenttoworkinthelocalweavingfactory.AndthiswaswhereBiffByford，soontobecomealegendintheworldofrock，firstlearnedtosing.Themachineswouldrunallday，clicketyclack，clicketyclack.Thenoisewasincredible，andtheworkerswouldspendtheirtimetryingtolipreadeachother.Itwasjustsonoisyinthere.Itwasreallyheavymetal.Theonlythingtodowassingtoyourself.Sosingtohimselfhedid，themelodies(旋律)lockinginplaceinhishead，nottobeforgotten.Hisdreamfirstexplodedintoarockingreality.【语篇导读】 PeterByfords的演唱生涯起源于他周围的人和他的工作环境的影响。1．WhenPeterByfordwasborn______.A．hisfamilymovedtoSkelmanthorpeB．hisfatherworkedinthetextiletradeC．hisfatherprobablytookajobinHonleyD．hisfamilylivedaverypoorlife解析 推理判断题。依据文章第一段可知，PeterByford出生在Honley，他是个孩子时，因为父亲的工作一家人迁移到Skelmanthorpe，因此很可能父亲以前就在Honley拥有一份工作。故选C项。答案 C2．PeterByfordhadtoleavehisauntanduncle______.A．becausehismotherpassedawayB．becauseofhisfather'spoorhealthC．becausehewantednottostaywithhisfatherD．becauseofhisfullybeinggrownup解析 细节理解题。依据文章第二段的whohadlostanarminanaccidentinafactory可知，父亲的身体状况不好，需要PeterByford的照顾。故选B项。答案 B3．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphimply?A．Petergotinfluencedalotbyhisclassmateandtheyoungman.B．theclassmatetaughtPeterhowtoplaytheguitar.C．Petersharedahousewiththeyoungman.D．TheyoungBiffhadaneyeforgoodfriends.13\n解析 细节理解题。文章第三段谈到了Peter遇到的两个音乐爱好者，文中的Theseedshadbeensownandmusicbegantoinfluencehislife.说明，Peter的音乐之路受他们的影响。故选A项。答案 A4．Whileworkinginthelocalweavingfactory______.A．PeterstartedasanapprenticecarpenterB．PetertreatedhislifeinapositivewayC．PeterwasverytiredofthenoisyworkplaceD．Peterlearnedhowtolipreadbyhimself解析 推理判断题。依据文章第四段可知，虽然纺织厂车间内声音嘈杂，但是Peter在嘈杂中开始唱歌，他的歌唱生涯也是在那个时候开始的。故选B项。答案 B5．WhatwouldhappentoPeterlater?A．Hewouldremainworkinginthefactoryforever.B．Hewouldputforwardsuggestionstotheboss.C．Hewouldtelltheworkerstokeepsilent.D．Hewouldfindwaystorealizehisdream.解析 推理判断题。依据文章尾段的Hisdreamfirstexplodedintoarockingreality.可知，他会把自己的梦想变成现实。故选D项。答案 D13
