2022届山西省怀仁市第一中学高三上学期8月摸底英语试题注意事项1.本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟2.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C.￡9.18.答案是B。1.Whydidthemangetanewphone?A.Hisoldonewasbroken.B.Hewantedtotakegoodphotos.C.Hegavehisoldonetohisnephew.2.Whatisthewomanbestat?A.Cooking.B.Gardening.C.Doingmagic.3.Whatdoesthewomanwantforherbirthday?A.Timewithherlovedones.B.Somethingcheap.C.Anewcar.4.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Busdriverandpassenger.B.Co-workers.C.Acouple.5.Whyisthespeakers’classsizesmallerthissemester?A.Itwasbrokenupintotwoclasses.B.Somestudentsfailedthefirstclass.C.Thereweretoomanykidslastyear.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。,6.What’swrongwiththewoman’sgloves?A.Theydon’tfit.B.Theyaretoothin.C.Theyhaveholesinthem.7.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Goskating.B.Haveadrink.C.Buysomething.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whoistheman?A.Adoctor.B.Abanker.C.Apersonaltrainer.9.Howoftendoesthemaneatmeat?A.Everyday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Threetimesaweek.10.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Eatnomoremeat.B.Changehishabits.C.Cometoseehermoreoften.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatwillthemandonextmonth?A.Findanewroommate.B.Moveoutofhisapartment.C.Fixthewindowsanddoors.12.Whatdoesthewomanlikeabouttheapartment?A.Therent.B.Theroof.C.Theposition.13.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Callthehouseowner.B.Gobacktoheroffice.C.Bargainwiththeman.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheprimaryreasonthemanwantsfurniture?A.Toreceiveguests.B.Tohaveaplacetosleep.C.Tomakehisapartmentlooknice.15.Whatdoesthewomanoffertogivetheman?A.Asofa.B.Twotables.C.Atelevision.16.Wherewillthemanprobablygetawardrobe?A.Fromgaragesales.B.Fromafurniturestore.C.Fromhisparents’house.17.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Brotherandsister.C.Husbandandwife.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.HowdoFrenchpeoplefeelabouttheircountryandculture?A.Proud.B.Modest.C.Uninterested.19.WheredoFrenchFriescomefrom?A.Italy.B.France.C.Spain.20.Howmanyfashiondesignersarementionedinthetalk?,A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOperaatMusicHall:1243ElmStreet.TheseasonrunsAugustthroughDecember,withadditionalperformancesinOctoberandNovember.TheOperahonorsEnjoytheArtsmembershipdiscounts.Phone:241-2742.www.cityoperacom.ChamberOrchestra:TheOrchestraplaysatMemorialHallat1406ElmStreet,whichoffersseveralconcertsfromSeptemberthroughDecember.Call723-1182formoreinformation.http://www.chamberorch.com.SymphonyOrchestra:AtMusicHallandRiverbend.Forticketsales,call381-3300,RegularseasonrunsSeptemberthroughMayatMusicHallinsummeratRiverbend.http://www.symphonv.or/home.asp.CollegeConservatoryofMusic（CCM）:Performancesareonthemaincampusoftheuniversity,usuallyatPatriciaCobbettTheater,CCMorganizesavarietyofevents,includingperformancesbythewell-knownLaSalleQuartet,CCNTsPhilharmonicOrchestra,andvariousgroupsofmusicianspresentingBaroquethroughmodemmusic.StudentswithIDcardscanattendtheeventsforfree.Afreescheduleofeventsforeachtermisavailablebycallingtheboxofficeat556-4183.http://wvm.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.RiverbendMusicTheater:6295KelloggAve.Largeoutdoortheaterwiththeclosestseatsundercover（pricedifference）.Bignameshowsallsummerlong!Phone:232-6220.http：//www.rivwrbendnuisic.com.1.Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouwanttoseeanopera?A.241-2742.B.723-1182.C.381-3300.D.232-6220.2.WhencanyougotoaconcertbyChamberOrchestra?A.FebruaryB.October.C.AugustD.April3.HowisRiverbendMusicTheaterdifferentfromtheotherplaces?A.Itgivesshowsallyearround.B.Itoffersmembershipdiscounts.C.Ithasseatsintheopenair.D.Itpresentsfamousmusicalworks.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】,【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了五个与音乐有关的活动，包括活动的举办时间，地点和活动内容及联系方式等。【1题详解】细节理解题。有关opera的信息，可以在文中找到和opera有关的布告，全文的第一个布告和opera有关，定位到第一个活动，第一个活动的联系电话是241-2742。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据提问中关键词when，可知需要找出的是时间，由ChamberOrchestra中相关的whichoffersseveralconcertsfromSeptemberthroughDecember句子，可知，活动举办时间是9-12月，故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。提问RiverbendMusicTheater的相关信息，根据RiverbendMusicTheater可定位到最后一个活动，可知，RiverbendMusicTheater是一个露天剧院，不同的座位，其价格也不同；由此可知，这间剧院的座位是在室外的；进而可采用排除法，C、D都不是其特点，B的特点不止其所有，CollegeConservatoryofMusic（由句子Afreescheduleofeventsforeachterm可知，每个学期都有）也是。故选C。BTheEnglishlanguagehasalotofwordswhichcanbeusedinmanydifferentwaysandinmanydifferentexperiences.Onesuchexampleisthewordmatter.Infact,mattercanmeanjustaboutanything.ItcouldbeoneofthemostusefulwordsintheEnglishlanguage.Let’sgettotheheartofthematter----amatterofprinciple(原则).Ifsomeonesaysthatyouowe(欠)him$50,butyoudon’t,afriendmightsay,“Well,youcouldpayhimthe$50.It’snotthatmuchmoney.Thenyouwon’thavetohearhimsayitanymore.”Butifyoudonotowehimthemoney,donotpayhimthemoney.It’samatterofprinciple.Thereisanotherwaytousethewordmatter.Butbecarefulwithyourchoicesofwords.Ifyouasksomeone,“What’sthematter?”,itshowsyouareworriedabouttheotherperson.Butsaying,“What’sthematterwithyou?”hasacompletelydifferentmeaning.Anditusuallysoundsrude.Infact,whenyousay,“What’sthematterwithyou?”,youaresuggestingthatthepersondidsomethingwrongorstupid.Anotherexpressionthatcouldsoundrudeistosay,“Itdoesn’tmattertome.”Here,itdependsonthecontext,andhowyousayit.Let’ssayyoutellsomeonethatafriendjustgotabigraiseatwork.Thatpersonanswerswith,“Itdoesn’tmattertome.”Here,itmeansheorshedoesnotcare.Anditsoundsrude.Butsaying,“Oh,youpickwhereweeatdinner.Itdoesn’tmattertome.”doesnotsoundrude.Inthesituation,“itdoesn’tmatter”showsyouareeasy-going.Nomatterhowyoulookatitandwhatyousay,matterisaveryusefulword.Andit’sonlya,matteroftimebeforeyouwillbecomeanexpertontheuseofmatter.4.Wecaninferfromthetextthatthewordmatter__________.A.hasawideuseB.canmeanmoneyC.isthemostusedEnglishwordD.hasthemostdifferentexpressions5.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestioninParagraph4?A.Everypennycounts.B.Sticktowhatisright.C.Followyourfriend’sadvice.D.Becarefulwhenmakingfriends.6.Theunderlinedword“context”inthetextprobablymeans________.A.choiceB.personC.situationD.answer7.Theauthordevelopsthetextmainlyby_________.A.usingexamplesB.givinginstructionsC.describinghisexperiencesD.discussingresearchfindings【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了matter一词的主要用法。【4题详解】A推理判断题。根据第一段“TheEnglishlanguagehasalotofwordswhichcanbeusedinmanydifferentwaysandinmanydifferentexperiences.”（英语有很多单词，可以用在很多不同的方式和不同的经历中。）以及第二段“Onesuchexampleisthewordmatter.Infact,mattercanmeanjustaboutanything.ItcouldbeoneofthemostusefulwordsintheEnglishlanguage.”（matter就是一个这样的词。实际上，matter可以表示任何东西。它可能是英语中最有用的词之一。）可知，matter一词用法很广。故选A。【5题详解】B推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“Butifyoudonotowehimthemoney,donotpayhimthemoney.It’samatterofprinciple.”（如果你没有欠他的钱，就不要给他钱，这是一个原则问题）可知，作者觉得在对的事情上要坚持自己的立场，不要轻易做出让步或改变。可知作者的建议是：坚持正确的。故选B。,【6题详解】C词义猜测题。根据倒数第二、三段举例说明“Itdoesn’tmattertome”在不同的语境中意思也不同（回复朋友加薪时说意味着粗鲁无理；回复挑选就餐地点时说意味着随和）可知，该表达取决于上下文语境，由此可知划线词词义为“语境、情况”，故选C。【7题详解】A推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中用不同的例子来讲解matter的用法，由此可知，作者主要是通过举例来展开全文的。故选A。CUnhealthydietsareresponsibleforpreventabledeathsgloballyperyear,moreeventhansmokingtobacco,accordingtoamajorstudy.“Butthebiggestproblemisnotthejunkweeatbutthenutritiousfoodwedon’teat”sayresearchers,callingforaglobalshiftinpolicytopromotevegetables,fruit,nutsandbeans.Whilesugarandtrans-fatsareharmful,moredeathsarecausedbytheabsenceofhealthyfoodsinourdiet.Heartattacksarethemaindiet-relatedcausesofdeath,followedbycancersanddiabetes(糖尿病).Thestudyfoundthateatinganddrinkingbettercouldpreventoneinfivedeathsaroundtheworld.“Ratherthantryingtopersuadepeopletocutdownonsugar,saltandfat,whichhasbeenthemainfocusofdietpolicydebateinthepasttwodecades,itwouldbebettertopromotehealthyoptions.Adoptionofdietsemphasizingbeansandotherhealthyplantsourcesofprotein,forinstance,willhaveimportantbenefitsforhumanhealth,”notetheresearchers.Thestudyisthemostcomprehensiveanalysisonthehealtheffectsofdieteverconducted.Itlookedat15differentnutrients,givingdetailedknowledgeoftheanalysisandsummaryoftheriskfactorsofthem.TomSanders,aprofessorofnutritionanddietetics(饮食学),saidtheanalysisputtoomuchemphasisonindividualcomponentsratherthantheoveralldiet.“Overweightisamajordriverforriskofdiabetesaswellascancerandthehealthevidenceforthisrelationshipisstrong.Overweightiscausedbyeatingmorefoodenergythanrequiredratherthanspecificdietarycomponentssuchassugar.ThetrendforpopulationstosittoomuchisamajorreasonwhythereisanimbalancebetweenenergyintakeandconsumptionbutIncreasedavailabilityoffoodswithhighcaloriesmakesittooeasytoovereat.”8.Whatdotheresearchersthinkisthebestwaytolowerpreventabledeathrate?A.Restrictingjunkfood.B.Tryingtoeathealthily.C.Avoidingriskfactors.D.Adoptinghigh-caloriediets.9.What’sthemajorconcernofthecurrentdietpolicy?A.Thediversityoffood.B.Theimportanceofnutritiousfood.,C.Thereductionofunhealthyfoodintake.D.Thebalancebetweendietandexercise.10.WhichofthefollowingdoesTomSandersagreewith?A.Theanalysisoverlooksdietaryintegrity.B.Overweightresultsfromdiabetesandcancer.C.Peoplewhorarelyexercisemustdietstrictly.D.Particulardietarycomponentsleadtooverweight.11.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aproductbrochure.B.Acookbook.C.Amedicaltextbook.D.Ahealthjournal.【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章引用一项研究的结论，指出不健康的饮食习惯可能导致各类疾病从而增加死亡的风险。建议人们吃营养丰富的食物。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段研究者呼吁的“callingforaglobalshiftinpolicytopromotevegetables,fruit,nutsandbeans.”和第三段第一句“Thestudyfoundthateatinganddrinkingbettercouldpreventoneinfivedeathsaroundtheworld.”可知，研究发现，改善饮食可以预防世界上五分之一的死亡。所以研究人员发现不健康的饮食习惯带来很多坏处，而只要健康饮食就能降低这种风险，这也正是他们呼吁全世界的人们去做的。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ratherthantryingtopersuadepeopletocutdownonsugar,saltandfat,whichhasbeenthemainfocusofdietpolicydebateinthepasttwodecades,itwouldbebettertopromotehealthyoptions.Adoptionofdietsemphasizingbeansandotherhealthyplantsourcesofprotein,forinstance,willhaveimportantbenefitsforhumanhealth”可知，过去二十年的健康饮食策略强调减少脂肪、糖分和盐的摄入，而现在则要重视有营养、更健康的食物的摄入。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“TomSanders,aprofessorofnutritionanddietetics(饮食学),saidtheanalysisputtoomuchemphasisonindividualcomponentsratherthantheoveralldiet.”可知，在Tom看来，这项研究中的分析过分强调饮食中每种独立的部分的作用，但没有从整体角度关注饮食，由此判断出TomSanders可能同意“该分析忽略了饮食的完整性”故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一句“Unhealthydietsareresponsibleforpreventabledeathsglobally,peryear,moreeventhansmokingtobacco,accordingtoamajorstudy.”一项重大研究表明，在全球范围内，不健康饮食每年造成的可预防死亡，甚至比吸烟还要多。并结合全文内容来看，都在围绕“健康饮食”这一主题在展开。由此判断出短文最可能是摘自健康类杂志。故选D项。DSportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature.However,whetheryouareonthemountains,inthewaves,oronthegrassland,youshouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Somesportsareresource-hungry.Golf,asyoumayknow,eatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountryside,butalsotonsofwater.Besides,allsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses（球场）ingoodcondition.Thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects.Forexample,inthedryregionsofPortugalandSpain,golfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas.Therearemanyenvironment-friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse.Simpleandfree,powerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit.Ifyouwalkregularly,itwillbegoodforyourheartandbones.Expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxious,sleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol.Whateversportyoutakeup,youcanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials.Butthefinalgoalshouldbe“greengyms”.Theyarebetterreplacementsfortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters.Membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoors,inthecountrysideorotheropenspaces.Thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership.Andbestofall,it’sfree.12.Whichofthefollowingistheauthormostprobablyinfavorof?A.Cyclingaroundalake.BMotorracinginthedesert.C.Playingbasketballinagym.D.Swimminginasportscenter.13.Whatdoweknowaboutgolffromthepassage?A.ItispopularinPortugalandSpain.B.Itcauseswatershortagesaroundtheworld.C.Itpollutestheearthwithchemicalsandwastes.D.Itneedswaterandelectricitytokeepitscoursesgreen.14.Theauthorusespowerwalkingasanexamplemainlybecause_________.A.itisanoutdoorsportB.itimprovesourhealth,C.itusesfewerresourcesD.itisrecommendedbyexperts15.Theauthorwritesthepassageto_________.A.showusthefunctionofmajorsportsB.encourageustogoinforgreensportsC.discussthemajorinfluenceofpopularsportsD.introducedifferenttypesofenvironment-friendlysports【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。运动可以让人保持健康也可以让人们接近大自然。然而不管你是在大山里，还是草地上运动，都应该注意人们对运动的选择都可能会影响到地球的环境。在文章中作者鼓励人们要多进行环保的、不消耗自然资源的运动，比如疾走锻炼或者自行车运动等。【12题详解】推理判断题。由第三段Therearemanyenvironment-friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse.可知，有许多环保运动。步行是你今天可以做的事情之一。除了一双好鞋子，你不需要任何特殊的设备；你不必担心它需要资源和多花钱。所以A选项“骑自行车环湖”不需要专门的设备和场地，也不污染环境。故判断出作者支持骑自行车环湖。故选A项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第二段Golf,asyoumayknow,eatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountryside,butalsotonsofwater.Besides,allsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses（球场）ingoodcondition.Thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects.可知，高尔夫不仅消耗大面积的农村土地，还会消耗大量的水。此外，各种各样的化学物质和大量的能量被用来维持球场的状况良好。这造成了重大的环境影响。所以高尔夫球场需要水和电来保持球场的绿色。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。由第三段Therearemanyenvironment-friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse.可知，有许多环保运动。步行是你今天可以做的事情之一。除了一双好鞋子，你不需要任何特殊的设备；你不必担心它需要资源和多花钱。所以作者以竞走为例，主要是因为竞走消耗的资源较少。故选C项。【15题详解】,推理判断题。由最后一段Whateversportyoutakeup,youcanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials.Butthefinalgoalshouldbe“greengyms”.Theyarebetterreplacementsfortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters.可知，无论你从事什么运动，你都可以通过使用环保设备和购买由回收材料制成的产品来让它更环保。但最终目标应该是“绿色健身”。它们是传统健身俱乐部和现代体育中心的更好的替代品。所以判断出，作者写短文的目的是鼓励我们从事绿色运动。故选B项。第二节(共5小题,每小题3分,满分15分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。____16____Today，kidshavemoreworriesandfacemorepressuresthaneverbefore.Hereareafewtipstohelpyourchildfocusonanddowellinschool.●CreateapersonalscheduleRecordingeverythingthatmustbedoneonacalendaror“todo”listwillhelphimtokeeptrackofimportantdatesanddeadlines.Ifhekeepsitinavisibleplacehewillhavenoproblemacknowledgingupcomingeventsandwillbebetterabletoplanhowandwheretospendhistime.●Watchtheclock____17____Ialsorecommendsettinghisclockorwatchfiveminutesaheadsinceit'salwayseasytorunlate.Whenitcomestosomethinglikecatchingabus，justfiveminutescanmakeasignificantdifference.●FocusHeshouldtrainhimselftobeabletoconcentratealoneononespecifictask.Thisismucheasierinanoisefreeenvironment.NoTVorradioshouldbeontodistracthim.●____18____Lackofsleepisproventoharmusphysically.Themoresleepweget，themorealertweare.Wethushavemoreenergytohandlelife'sdailytasks.Theaverageadultneedsatleastsixhoursofsleepanightandtheaveragechildneedsatleasteight.●StayinshapeThroughspendingtimeoutdoorsorplayingsportswithfriends，hecan“blowoffsomesteam”sotospeak，aswellasreenergize.____19____●TalkthroughyourproblemsBeabletosharehisconcernswithyou.____20____Ifyoumakeitclearthatyouunderstandhimandarewillingtohelp，notonlywillyoucontributetohisemotionalhealthbutyou'llhelpbuildanopenandhonestrelationshipaswell.,A.Helpyourchilddobetterinschool.B.Helpyourchildworkbettertorealizehisaim.C.Getenoughsleep.D.Settinganalarmforthemorningisamust.E.Sharingfeelingsoftenmakesthemeasiertodealwith.F.Encouragehimtogetoutside.G.Encourageyourchildtobepositive.【答案】16.A17.D18.C19.F20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了六种有益于提高孩子成绩的方法。【16题详解】根据第一段“Hereareafewtipstohelpyourchildfocusonanddowellinschool.（这里有一些建议可以帮助你的孩子集中注意力并在学校取得好成绩。）”可知，本文介绍的是帮助孩子取得好成绩的方法。A选项“Helpyourchilddobetterinschool.（帮助你的孩子在学校做得更好。）”符合题意，故选A。【17题详解】根据后文“alsorecommendsettinghisclockorwatchfiveminutesaheadsinceit'salwayseasytorunlate.（我还建议把他的时钟或手表调快5分钟，因为很容易迟到。）”可知，设置闹钟很重要。D选项“Settinganalarmforthemorningisamust.（早上设置闹钟是必须的。）”符合题意，故选D。【18题详解】根据后文“Lackofsleepisproventoharmusphysically.（缺乏睡眠被证明对我们的身体有害。）”可知，本段介绍的是睡眠的重要性。C选项“Getenoughsleep.（充足的睡眠。）”符合题意，故选C。【19题详解】根据前文“Throughspendingtimeoutdoorsorplayingsportswithfriends，hecan“blowoffsomesteam”sotospeak，aswellasreenergize.（通过花时间在户外或和朋友一起做运动，他可以“释放一些压力”，也可以重新充电。）”可知，本段介绍的是在户外做运动对学习的益处。F选项“Encouragehimtogetoutside.（鼓励他到外面去。）”符合题意，故选F。【20题详解】根据后文“Ifyoumakeitclearthatyouunderstandhimandarewillingtohelp，notonlywillyoucontributetohisemotionalhealthbutyou'llhelpbuildanopenandhonestrelationshipaswell.（如果你清楚地表示你理解他并愿意帮助他，你不仅会对他的情感健康做出贡献，而且还有助于建立一种开放和诚实的关系）可知，本段介绍的是与他人分享交流情感的好处。E,选项“Sharingfeelingsoftenmakesthemeasiertodealwith.（分享感觉常常使他们更容易处理。）”符合题意，故选E。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分55)第一节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AgroupofstudentsatYaleUniversityhassetupadrone(无人机)deliveryserviceoncampus.KikiAir___21___todelivercandy,snacksandothersmallitemstostudentswhoplaceorders___22___anapp.Theserviceisbeingtested___23___usingasmallgroupofstudentcustomersbeforebeinglaunched___24___wide.DeveloperstoldtheYaleDailyNewsthatusers___25___itemsfromamenuontheirphonesandreceivethematoneofseveraldrop___26___aroundcampusinapaddedenvelope___27___toadrone.KikiAir'sfounder,YaleseniorJasonLu,sayshiscompany___28___fromaclassprojectandhas___29___a$150,000grant(补助金)fromaCalifornia-basedinvestorinstartups.“Theconveniencestorebusinessmodelhasn'tbeen____30____inahundredyears,”Co-founderCatOrmantoldthestudentnewspaper.“Deliveryis____31____,inefficientandpaysdiversterriblewages.WecreatedKikiAir____32____wewanttobringthatmodelintothefutureinthe____33____thatcreatesrealjobsandreducesthecarbonfootprint.”Customersarenotifiedwhenadroneis____34____theprearrangeddropzonetoensuretheyareintheareato____35____apackage.ThenewspaperreportedthataKikiAirdrone____36____lastweekontoacampuswalkway,butnobodywas____37____.Omandescribedtheincidentasa“controlledlanding”andsaidthecompanyhasincreased____38____andwillimprovetheserviceaftertheincident.Yaleofficialsdidn’timmediatelyreturn____39____leftonMondayseekingcomment.Companyofficialssaytheyhopeeventuallyto____40____theservicetoothercampuses.21.A.prefersB.promisesC.managesD.demands22.A.forB.toC.throughD.over23.A.currentlyB.graduallyC.sincerelyD.fluently24.A.nationB.worldC.townD.campus25.A.orderB.requireC.consultD.accept26.A.directionsB.locationsC.environmentsD.devices27.A.carriedB.addedC.attachedD.accessed28.A.grewB.datedC.benefitedD.differed,29.A.raisedB.gainedC.savedD.donated30.A.updatedB.discoveredC.operatedD.explained31.A.convenientB.necessaryC.unpopularD.expensive32.A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though33.A.wayB.resultC.caseD.event34.A.findingB.leavingC.nearingD.locating35.A.doupB.pickupC.giveoutD.putout36.A.stoppedB.landedC.arrivedD.fell37.A.warnedB.affectedC.injuredD.punished38.A.deliveringB.flyingC.controllingD.training39.A.itemsB.messagesC.serviceD.drone40.A.improveB.restoreC.exchangeD.expand【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.A29.B30.A31.D32.C33.A34.C35.B36.D37.C38.D39.B40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了在耶鲁大学试用的无人机送货服务。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：KikiAir承诺，只要学生通过应用程序下订单，就能给他们送去糖果、零食和其他小商品。A.prefers更喜欢；B.promises向（某人）承诺（给予他们某物）；向（某人）保证（他们获得某物）；C.manages管理；（设法）做成某事；D.demands要求。根据前文“adronedeliveryservice”可知，主语“Kiki”应是无人机送货服务，结合后文“delivercandy,snacksandothersmallitemstostudentswhoplaceorders”可知，其应该保证给与下单的学生提供糖果，零食和其他小物品。故选B项。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：KikiAir承诺，只要学生通过应用程序下订单，就能给他们送去糖果、零食和其他小商品。A.for为了；B.to朝向；C.through通过；D.over在……之上。根据后文宾语为“anapp”，可知，应是通过该软件下单订购。故选C项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这项服务目前正在一小部分学生客户中进行测试，然后在全校范围内推出。A.currently当前；一般地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.sincerely诚恳地；真诚地；D.fluently流利地；通畅地。根据句中“Theserviceisbeingtested___3___usingasmallgroup,ofstudentcustomersbeforebeinglaunched___4__wide.”含有的语法结构为现在进行时的被动结构，因此可知，在讲述当前的情况。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项服务目前正在一小部分学生客户中进行测试，然后在全校范围内推出。A.nation国家；民族；B.world世界；C.town城镇；D.campus校园。根据文章首句内容“AgroupofstudentsatYaleUniversityhassetupadronedeliveryserviceoncampus.”可知，该服务是要在校园里开展的。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研发人员告诉《耶鲁每日新闻》，用户从手机上的菜单上订购商品，然后在校园附近的几个投递地点之一收到商品，商品装在附在无人机上的软垫信封里。A.order命令；订购；B.require要求；C.consult咨询；查阅；D.accept接受。根据后文宾语为items，意为“物品”，且主语为“users”，意为“用户”，可推知，应是用户通过手机订购物品。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研发人员告诉《耶鲁每日新闻》，用户从手机上的菜单上订购商品，然后在校园附近的几个投递地点之一收到商品，商品装在附在无人机上的软垫信封里。A.directions方向；说明书；B.locations地点；准确位置；C.environments环境；D.devices仪器；设备。根据前文“receivethem”可知，本句应是讲述收货地点。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研发人员告诉《耶鲁每日新闻》，用户从手机上的菜单上订购商品，然后在校园附近的几个投递地点之一收到商品，商品装在附在无人机上的软垫信封里。A.carried提；抱；携带；B.added增加；C.attached附;贴;系；D.accessed获取。根据前文“apaddedenvelope”，意为“软垫信封”，可知订购的商品被放在软垫信封里，而该信封应是附着在无人机上。attachto，固定结构，意为“依附，附属；使贴/粘在……上”，符合句意要求。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：KikiAir的创始人、耶鲁大学大四学生JasonLu说，他的公司是从一个课堂项目发展起来的，并从加州的一个创业投资者那里获得了15万美元的资助。A.grew生长；B.dated给……标注日期；C.benefited有益于;得益；D.differed不同。结合句子“KikiAir’sfounder,YaleseniorJasonLu,sayshiscompany___8___fromaclassprojectandhas___9___a$150,000grantfromaCalifornia-basedinvestorinstartups.”句意可知，本句在讲述KikiAir的“创业”初始，起源于一个班级项目。growfrom“由……发展起来”，符合句意要求。故选A项。【29题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：KikiAir的创始人、耶鲁大学大四学生JasonLu说，他的公司是从一个课堂项目发展起来的，并从加州的一个创业投资者那里获得了15万美元的资助。A.raised提高；筹集；B.gained获得；C.saved救助；储蓄；D.donated捐赠。根据后文“a$150,000grantfromaCalifornia-basedinvestorinstartups.”可知，150,000美元的补助金是从投资者那里获得的资助。gainsthfromsb.“从某人那里得到某物”。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：便利店的商业模式已经有100年没有更新过了。A.updated更新；B.discovered发现；发觉；C.operated操作；D.explained解释。根据句子：Theconveniencestorebusinessmodelhasn’tbeen___10__inahundredyears,”Co-founderCatOrmantoldthestudentnewspaper.“Deliveryis___11_,inefficientandpaysdiversterriblewages.”句意理解可知，“ahundredyears”，“inefficient”，“terriblewages”均可推测CatOrman在讲述一百年以来便利店的“不便之处”，工作模式未曾得到更新。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运输成本高昂，效率低下，潜水员的工资也很低。A.convenient方便的；B.necessary必要的；C.unpopular不受欢迎的；D.expensive昂贵的。根据后文“inefficientandpaysdiversterriblewages”可知，在讲述便利店的“不便之处”：送货效率低，给司机的工资也很低，因此可推知，“昂贵的”也可为其不便之处。故选D项。【32题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们创造了KikiAir，因为我们想把这种模式带入未来，以创造真正的就业机会和减少碳足迹的方式。A.when当……时候；B.if如果；是否；C.because因为；D.though尽管。分析可知，后文“wewanttobringthatmodelintothefutureinthe___13__thatcreatesrealjobsandreducesthecarbonfootprint(我们想把这种模式带入未来，以创造真正的就业机会和减少碳足迹的方式)”应是之前句“WecreatedKiki”的原因，应用逻辑连词because引导。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们创造了KikiAir，因为我们想把这种模式带入未来，以创造真正的就业机会和减少碳足迹的方式。A.way方法；道路；B.result结果；C.case情况；案例；D.event事件。分析可知，“thatcreatesrealjobsandreducesthecarbonfootprint”应是所填空名词的定语从句，根据该从句含义可知，这是一种未来的便利店经营的方法和模式。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一架无人机接近预先安排好的投递区时，客户会收到通知，以确保他们在该地区取走包裹。A.finding找到；发现；B.leaving离开；C.nearing接近；靠近；D.locating定位；找到……的准确位置。根据后文“theprearrangeddropzonetoensuretheyare,inthearea”可知，客户会收到通知，以确保能够在指定区域内拿到包裹，因此，无人机应是在接近/靠近该区域时才发出通知。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：当一架无人机接近预先安排好的投递区时，客户会收到通知，以确保他们在该地区取走包裹。A.doup扣好；B.pickup拿起；取走；C.giveout分发；D.putout熄灭。根据“theprearrangeddropzonetoensuretheyareintheareato___15__apackage”可知，无人机递送包裹，应是将其放在地上，客户应是将其拾起拿走，因此“pickup”符合句意和语境。故选B项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该报报道称，上周，一架Kiki无人机坠落到校园走廊上，但无人受伤。A.stopped停止；B.landed着陆；降落；C.arrived到达；D.fell落下；坠落。根据后文“willimprovetheserviceaftertheincident”可知，应是发生了事故，因此可推知，本句在讲述该事故“无人机坠落”。故选D项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该报报道称，上周，一架Kiki无人机坠落到校园走廊上，但无人受伤。A.warned警告；B.affected影响；C.injured伤害；使受伤；D.punished惩罚。根据前文“ThenewspaperreportedthataKikiAirdrone___16___lastweekontoacampuswalkway”可知，报道了一件无人机坠落到校园走道上的事故，but表转折，应是无人受伤。故选C项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿曼称这是一次“可控着陆”，并表示公司已经加强了培训，并将在事故后改善服务。A.delivering递送；B.flying飞行；C.controlling控制；D.training训练。根据前文Omandescribedtheincidentasa“controlledlanding”可知，负责人将这次事故描述为“受控降落”，因此可推知，该公司应加强无人机训练以便改善服务。故选D项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：耶鲁管理人员没有立即回复周一要求置评的留言。A.items项目；商品；B.messages信息；消息；C.service服务；D.drone无人机。结合句子“Yaleofficialsdidn’timmediatelyreturn___19___leftonMondayseekingcomment”含义可知，耶鲁大学官方没有立即对周一要求置评的留言进行回复。故选B项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司官员说，他们希望最终将这项服务扩展到其他校区。A.improve提高；改善；B.restore恢复；C.exchange交换；D.expand扩大。根据后文“toothercampuses”可知，该公司希望将该项服务推广扩大到其他校园。故选D项。第II卷,第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Inthepastfewyears,morethanhalfofbookstoresinChinahavecloseddown,____41____istheresultofthe___42___(compete)fromonlinebookstores.ButthesuccessofSisypheBookstore,oneofthe____43____(big)privately-ownedbookstorechainsinChina,myaserve___44___agreatexample.____45____(found)in1993,Sisyphestartedtotransformandupgradeitsbusinessin2009toseekitsprofitability.Now,itnotonlydevotesitselfto___46___(sell)books,butcombinesthefunctionsofbookstore,caféandsaleof____47____(create)culturalproducts.Sisypheopensitsbookstoresinshoppingmallsinordertotakeadvantageofthelargenumberofconsumersofshoppingmallstosellitsbooks,anditalso___48___(able)peopletoenjoyspendingtimereadinganddrinkingcoffee.Inreturn,bookstoreshaveimprovedtheculturalatmosphereofshoppingmalls,so___49___ismutuallybeneficialtohavesuchcooperation.Sofar,thegovernment___50___(offer)taxreductionforbookstorestoencouragethedevelopmentofphysicalbookstores.Perhapsitisearlytosaytheboomofphysicalbookstoreshascome,butdefinitely,weseetheturningpointtothem.【答案】41.which42.competition43.biggest44.as45.Founded46.selling47.creative48.enables49.it50.hasoffered【解析】【分析】在过去的几年里，网络书店的竞争导致中国超过一半的书店倒闭，但是作为中国最大的私营连锁书店之一的Sisyphe书店却是成功的。这是因为Sisyphe的转型升级业务，它在购物中心开设书店是为了利用购物中心的大量消费者来卖书，同时也让人们享受到阅读和喝咖啡的乐趣。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在过去的几年里，中国超过一半的书店倒闭，这是网络书店竞争的结果。分析句子Inthepastfewyears,morethanhalfofbookstoresinChinahavecloseddown,_1__istheresultofthe___2___(compete)fromonlinebookstores.,可知，本空指代前面的句子“Inthepastfewyears,morethanhalfofbookstoresinChinahavecloseddown”，英语中可指代前面的句子，在定语从句中，要用关系词which。因此本空填which。【42题详解】考查名词。分析句子可知，本空前有定冠词the，可知，此空为名词，因此要用动词compete的名词形式competition。故填competition。【43题详解】考查最高级。分析语境可知此处句意是指“作为中国最大的民营连锁书店之一的Sisyphe书店的成功”。根据前面的“oneofthe….”可知，要用最高级，故本空要填biggest。【44题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：Mya就是一个很好例子。serveas…为固定搭配，意为“充当，担任”，因此本空填as。【45题详解】考查非谓语作状语。句意：Sisyphe成立于1993年，2009年开始转型升级业务，谋求盈利。分析句子可知，found的逻辑主语是Sisyphe，二者是被动关系，根据时间状语“in1993”可知，要用过去分词，即founded。所以填Founded。【46题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：现在，它不仅致力于卖书，而且结合了书店、咖啡馆和创造性的艺术产品的销售功能。devote…todoingsth。其中的to为介词，所以to后要用动词的ing形式。因此本空填selling。【47题详解】考查形容词作定语。分析句子可知，动词create在句中修饰名词cuturalproducts，修饰名词要用形容词，故填形容词creative。【48题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：西西弗在购物中心开设书店是为了利用购物中心大量消费者来卖书，同时也让人们享受到阅读和喝咖啡的乐趣。分析句子可知，本句考查谓语动词。由本句的时态可知，要用一般现在时，而主语“it”，可知，本空要用形容词able的动词形式enable，且用单数，故此空填enables。【49题详解】考查语境及形式主语。句意：所以这样的合作是互利的。分析句子可知，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式tohavesuchcooperation，英语中常用不定代词it作形式主语，因此本空填it。【50题详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：到目前为止，政府已经对书店实行减税政策，以鼓励实体书店的发展。根据“sofar”（到目前为止）可知，本空要用现在完成时。本句的主语是thegovernment，与谓语动词offer是主动关系，故填hasoffered。,第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。ThismorningwhenIgotintothetaxiIhavebooked,Inoticeditwasasamegentlemanthathadtakenmebackhomelastweek.Istillrememberedthatwe'dtalkedabout.Hesaidhethoughtsomebodywouldcare,sohefeltsurprisedandwashappilytoknowIstillrememberedhim.Hesaidhebegantoswimtoloseweight,buthediditeverymorningbeforestartwork.Itoldhimthatswimmingwasoneofthegreatestwaytokeepushealthyanditalsohadpositiveeffeetsonourbrains,too.Hesaidheknewitwasagoodwayavoidingdepressionandthathewouldkeepondoingitallthetime.【答案】1.have→had2.a→the3.that→what4.somebody→nobody5.happily→happy6.but→and7.start→starting8.way→ways9.去掉also10.way后加of【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者今天乘坐出租车时，碰巧遇到了上周拉自己回家的司机师傅，作者与司机进行了一番关于游泳话题的交谈。【详解】第一处：考查时态。分析句子可知，“我已经预定”发生在gotintothetaxi这个动作之前，所以定语从句为过去完成时。故将have改成had。第二处：考查冠词。same前的冠词为定冠词the。故将a改成the。第三处：考查连接词。remembered后接宾语从句,宾语从句中，talkedabout缺少宾语，所以用连接代词what充当其宾语。故将that改成what。,第四处：考查代词。句意：他说他以为没人会记得他，所以他很惊讶，很高兴我还记得他。根据句意可知，表示“他以为没人会记得他”。故将somebody改成nobody。第五处：考查形容词。behappytodosth“高兴做某事”。为固定句型。be后接形容词作表语。故将happily改成happy。第六处：考查连词。句意：他说他开始为了减肥而游泳，并且他每天早上上班前都会去游泳。根据句意，前后句意为并列关系。故将but改成and。第七处：考查动名词。before为介词，后接动名词。故将start改成starting。第八处：考查名词复数。oneof后接名词复数形式。故将way改成ways。第九处：考查副词。本句中已经有“too”，所以also重复了。故去掉also。第十处：考查介词。wayofdoingsth“做某事的方法”。故将way后加of。【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句.what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语或表语.that用作连接词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句，that在从句中既不充当任何成分，也无实际意义，仅起着连接句子的作用。分析小题3可知，remembered后接宾语从句,宾语从句中，talkedabout缺少宾语，所以用连接代词what充当其宾语。故将that改成what。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，学校将在下周六在线举行“英语话剧比赛”（Englishdramacontest），请你写邮件邀请外教Mike在线担任评委，内容包括：1.比赛的安排；2.比赛的意义；3.邀请及感谢。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMike,,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearMike,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusintheEnglishdramacontest,whichwillbeheldonline.Asscheduled,thecontestwillbeginat8amintheArtHallnextSaturday,whichwilllastforthreehours.WehaveconductedseveralactivitiesincludingsomeEnglishdramasgivenbystudentsandteachers.Furthermore,someshortplayswillalsobeincluded.Ibelievethecontestwillnotonlybringmuchfuntous,butalsoarouseourawarenessinlearningEnglish.Inaddition,youareexpectedtoactastheonlinejudge.We’llbeextremelygratefulifyoucouldmanagetocome.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写邮件邀请外教Mike在线担任学校将在下周六在线举行的“英语话剧比赛”（Englishdramacontest）的评委。【详解】1.词汇积累参加：participate→join比赛：competition→contest进行：held→conduct此外：Moreover→Furthermore2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：WehaveconductedseveralactivitiesincludingsomeEnglishdramasgivenbystudentsandteachers.拓展句：Wehaveconductedseveralactivities,whichincludesomeEnglishdramasgivenbystudentsandteachers.【点睛】[高分句型1]I’mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinusintheEnglishdramacontest,whichwillbeheldonline.这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。[高分句型2]WehaveconductedseveralactivitiesincludingsomeEnglishdramasgivenbystudentsandteachers.这句话运用了过去分词作后置定语。
