2021届江苏省苏北地区重点中学高三下学期5月中旬高考模拟英语试卷注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1.本试卷共12页，分为选择题（第1题~第55题，共55题）、非选择题（第56题~第67题，共12题）满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置。3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符。4.作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillthewomanmeetJohn?A.Onthe13th.B.Onthe14th.C.Onthe15th.2.Whatarethespeakerslookingat?A.AniPhone6S.B.AniPhone6.C.AniPhone6Plus.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inashop.B.Inacar.C.AtaChristmasparty.4.Whenwillthemanbabysit?A.OnMonday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?,A.Adifferentjob.B.Thesalary.C.Abetterposition.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Theyarewalking.B.Theyaresitting.C.Theyareplanting.7.Accordingtothewoman,whatistoblame?A.Littleanimals.B.Thesmallgreenplants.C.Aplantwithredleaves.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whichclassisthemanpassing?A.History.B.Spanish.C.Math.9.Whyisthemanfailingmanyclasses?A.Hedoesn’tworkhardenough.B.Hedoesn’tunderstandthehomework.C.Histeachersdon’tchallengehim.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Brotherandsister.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhoisCameron?A.Thespeakers’nephew.B.Thespeakers’littlebrother.C.Thespeakers’child.12.Whatwillthethemeofthepartybe?A.Train.B.Dinosaur.C.Pirate.13.Howdothespeakersfeelaboutgifts?A.TheymeanalottoCameron.B.Onlybooksareencouraged.C.Theyaren’twelcome.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howlongdidittaketofinishthepaintings?A.3years.B.5years.C.10years.15.Whydidthepaintingsneedtobecleaned?A.Burningcandlesdirtiedthem.B.Touriststouchedthemtoomuch.C.Theywerecoveredindustfromthestonecarving.16.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Ahistorian.B.Atourist.C.Aguide.,听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendidtheintervieworiginallytakeplace?A.In2015.B.In2012.C.In2005.18.Whoisthewoman?A.Areporter.B.Ascientist.C.Astudent.19.HowdidSallyRideachievehergoal?A.Byworkinghard.B.Bywiselyusingthehelpshegot.C.Bytryingtoinspireothers.20.WhatisSallyRide’sadvicetoothers?A.GetatleasttwoPhDs.B.Bestrongandindependent.C.ApplytoNASAasearlyaspossible.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheOxfordEnglishDictionaryisavailablebysubscription（订阅）toinstitutionsandindividuals.WearepleasedtoofferannualindividualOEDsubscriptionsatareducedrateof$90intheUS（usually$295）or$122fortheRestoftheWorld（usually$294）untilMay31,2021.IndividualsAnindividualsubscriptiontotheOEDOnlineoffersunlimitedaccesstomorethan1,000yearsoftheEnglishlanguage.Tosubscribeonlineandtakeadvantageofouroffer,pleasevisitourpersonalsubscriptionshopandusethepromotionalcodeOED90.DetailsaboutindividualOEDsubscriptions:•Availableforpersonaluseonly.•Asingleusernameandpasswordthatmustnotbeshared.•Usersmustsignineachtimetheywishtoaccesstheservice.•Userscanaccesstheservicefromanycomputer.LovetheOEDbutcan'tcommittoafullyearsubscription?YoucanalsoenjoyaccesstotheOEDonlineonamonthlybasisatalowrateof$29.*Monthlyandannualsubscriptionsareavailabletoindividualsbyprepaidsubscriptionforpersonaluseonly.InstitutionsLibrarianscancontactlocalSalesRepforsalesandpricingqueries（询问）andtodiscusstheircontentdevelopmentneeds,orregisterforafreeinstitutionaltrial.Formoreinformation,pleasecontactourserviceteamMonday-Friday,9a.m.-5p.m..Tel:18003344249ext6484Fax:12127266476Email:oxfdrdonline@oup.com,1.HowmuchcananannualsubscriberintheU.S.savenow?A.$J22.B.$172.C.$205.D.$295.2.Whichisrequiredforanindividualsubscriber?A.Payinginadvanceforayear."B.Usingafixedcomputertologon.C.Changingthepasswordsregularly.D.Signingineachtimetoaccesstheservice.3.Whatisavailableonlytoinstitutionalsubscribers?A.Afreetrial.B.Alowprice.CApromotionalcode.D.7/24customerservice.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《牛津英语词典》的最新信息和订阅的要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WearepleasedtoofferannualindividualOEDsubscriptionsatareducedrateof$90intheUS（usually$295）or$122fortheRestoftheWorld（usually$294）untilMay31,2021.”（我们很高兴在2021年5月31日前提供年度个人OED订阅，在美国为$90(通常为$295)，在世界其他地方为$122(通常为$294)。）可知，美国的年订户现在能省295-90=205元。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据DetailsaboutindividualOEDsubscriptions:下的第三个黑点“Usersmustsignineachtimetheywishtoaccesstheservice.”（用户每次想要访问服务时都必须登录。）可知，访问服务每次登录是必须的。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Institutions下面一段“LibrarianscancontactlocalSalesRepforsalesandpricingqueries（询问）andtodiscusstheircontentdevelopmentneeds,orregisterforafreeinstitutionaltrial.”（图书馆员可以联系当地的销售代表进行销售和定价查询，并讨论他们的内容开发需求，或者注册一个免费的机构试用。）可知，机构用户可以有一个免费的试用。故选A项。BJoseHernandezmadehisdreamofbecominganastronautarealityandhedidsodespiteunbelievabledifficulties“IwasworkinginafieldnearStockton,andIheardonmyradiothatFranklinChang-DiazhadbeenselectedfortheAstronautCorps,"saidJose,whowasaseniorinhighschoolatthetimedwas,alreadyinterestedinscienceandengineering,Joseremembered,"butthatwasthemomentIsaid,"Iwanttoflyinspace.'"Asoneoffourchildreninamigrant（移民）farmingfamilyfromMexico,Jose-whodidn'tlearnEnglishuntilhewas12yearsold-spentmuchofhischildhoodtravelingwithhisfamilyfromMexicotosouthernCaliforniaeachMarch,thenworkingnorthwardtotheStocktonareabyNovember,pickingstrawberriesandcucumbersatfarmsalongtheroute.TheywouldthenreturntoMexicoforChristmasandstartthecyclealloveragaininthespring."Somekidsmightthinkitwouldbefuntotravellikethat,“Joselaughed,"butwehadtowork”.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,JosewasadmittedintotheUniversityofthePacific,In1987,heacceptedafull-timejobwithLawrenceNationalLaboratory.In2001,JosejoinedtheJohnsonSpaceCenter,wherehecameface-to-facewithFranklinChang-Diaz.“Weactuallyhadcommonexperiences—asimilarupbringing,thesamelanguageissues.Thatbuiltupmyconfidence.Anybarriersthatexisted,hehadalreadyovercomethem.”Josesmiled."Nowit'smytum!,,“NASArejectedmenotonce,nottwice,notthreetimesbut11times.Itwasn'tuntilthe12thtimethatIgotselected,hesaid.Josewasselectedaspartofthe19thclassofastronautsin2004.Hecircledtheglobe217timesbutremainsadowntoEarthguy.JoseHernandezreceivedthe2016NationalHispanicHeroAwardandhecontinueshislonghistoryinthefieldofengineeringandspace.4.WhatmadeJosedeterminedtobeanastronaut?A.TheinfluenceofAstronautCorps.B.ThesuccessofFranklinChang-Diaz.C.Hisinterestinscienceandengineering.D.Theexperienceofworkinginthefield.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutJoseasachild?A.Hedidmuchfarmwork.B.Hetravelledalotforfun.C.HehatedlearningEnglish.D.Heobeyedhisfamilyineverything.6.HowdidJosefeelwhenhemetFranklinChang-Diazpersonally?A.Inspired.B.Valued.C.Relaxed.D.Puzzled.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ClimboverBarriersB.ReachfortheStarsC.WorktheHardWayD.LearnfromYourPast【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JoseHernandez克服了难以置信的困难，实现了他成为宇航员的梦想的故事。,【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段““IwasworkinginafieldnearStockton,andIheardonmyradiothatFranklinChang-DiazhadbeenselectedfortheAstronautCorps,"saidJose,whowasaseniorinhighschoolatthetimedwasalreadyinterestedinscienceandengineering,Joseremembered,"butthatwasthemomentIsaid,"Iwanttoflyinspace.'"”（“我在斯托克顿附近工作,我听到收音机,FranklinChang-Diaz宇航员队选中,”Jose说,Jose在高中时已经对科学和工程感兴趣，Jose记得,“但就在那一刻,我说：“我想在太空中飞行。”）可知，是FranklinChang-Diaz的成功让Jose决心成为一名宇航员。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Asoneoffourchildreninamigrant（移民）farmingfamilyfromMexico,Jose-whodidn'tlearnEnglishuntilhewas12yearsold-spentmuchofhischildhoodtravelingwithhisfamilyfromMexicotosouthernCaliforniaeachMarch,thenworkingnorthwardtotheStocktonareabyNovember,pickingstrawberriesandcucumbersatfarmsalongtheroute.”（四个孩子之一来自墨西哥的移民农民家庭,Jose——直到12岁才学习英语,他童年的大部分时间和家人每年三月从墨西哥到南加州旅行，然后11月到斯托克顿地区向北工作，在沿线的农场摘草莓和黄瓜。）可知，Jose在童年时做了很多农活。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“Weactuallyhadcommonexperiences—asimilarupbringing,thesamelanguageissues.Thatbuiltupmyconfidence.”（我们实际上有共同的经历——相似的成长经历，同样的语言问题。这让我树立了信心。）可推断，当Jose亲自见到FranklinChang-Diaz时，他被激励了。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“JoseHernandezmadehisdreamofbecominganastronautarealityandhedidsodespiteunbelievabledifficulties.”（JoseHernandez克服了难以置信的困难，实现了他成为宇航员的梦想。）及全文内容可知，文章讲述了JoseHernandez克服了难以置信的困难，实现了他成为宇航员的梦想的故事。所以“ReachfortheStars(伸手去够星星)”作为文章标题最为合适，Reachfor代表了“JoseHernandez的努力”；theStars代表了“JoseHernandez的宇航员的梦想”。故选B项。CTexashasbeenoneofthemostrestrictivegun-rightsstatesinAmerica.Thankstoanewlaw,however,thestatewillbeoneofthemostrelaxed,tothedegreethatpolicearediscouragedfromevenaskingaboutsomeone'sguns.Andiftheydo,theymaynothavemuchpowertodoanythingifthepersonrefusestoshowalicense.Tobesure,thelawisstrictinitsownway,offeringamodelforregulation.Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalso,havetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.ItistruethatgunviolencedroppedsharplyafterrestrictivelawswereputinplaceincountrieslikeGreatBritainandAustralia.However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-yearassault(攻击)weaponsbanin2004.BlackFridaythisyearsawthebiggestguncache(贮存)everpurchasedinoneday.Consideringthosetrends,there'saheateddebateaboutwhetherthenewTexaslawisamodelpieceoflegislation(立法)forachangingAmerica,orawalkingdisasterjustbeggingfortrouble.Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.Afterall,armedcitizenswillnolongerbeconsideredsuspicious,eventhoughalotofpeoplemightbealarmedbythesight.MostpoliceinTexashavebeentoldtonotengageguncarriersunlesstheyaredoingsomethingquestionableorappeardrunk.Forsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.8.AllofthefollowingarerequiredinthenewTexaslawforopencarryEXCEPTA.agelimitB.mentalconditionC.onlineregistrationD.gun-operatingskills9.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?A.ThereasonforputtingforwardthenewTexaslaw.B.ThepresentsituationofgunpossessioninAmerica.C.Theimpactoftheassaultweaponsbanin2004.D.TheinactionoftheUSgovernmentastoguncontrol.10.WhatdocriticsthinkthenewTexaslawwillprobablyleadto?A.Heavierworkloadforpolicemen.B.Disrespectforofficers.C.Lackoftrustamongcitizens.D.Difficultyincrimeprevention.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewTexaslaw?A.Negative.B.Cautious.C.Indifferent.D.Approving.,【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国民众比较热衷于持枪，文章就德克萨斯州关于枪支管理的新法律进行了介绍。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Underthelaw,open-carrycitizenshavetobelicensed,aprocessthatincludessafetyandshootingtests.Theyalsohavetoshownopriorpsychologicalproblems,andtheyhavetobeatleast21yearsold.根据法律，公开携带武器的公民必须获得许可，这一过程包括安全和射击测试。他们之前必须没有心理问题，而且必须年满21岁”可知，新法律对年龄，心理问题和射击技能都提出了要求，没有提及网上注册。故选C。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“However,theUSpublicseemsmoreinterestedthaneverinweaponsandthepowertheyconvey,despiteguncontrolgroups'concernovertheincreaseofviolence.MoststatesinAmericahavesteadilyexpandedgunrightssincetheendofa10-yearassault(攻击)weaponsbanin2004.”可知，然而，美国公众似乎比以往任何时候都对武器及其所传递的力量更感兴趣，尽管枪支管制组织担心暴力事件的增加。自2004年为期10年的攻击性武器禁令结束以来，美国大多数州都在稳步扩大枪支权利。由此可知，第三段主要讲了美国持枪现状。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Asthelawdoesn'tprovideanypunishmentforthosewhorefusetoshowalicensetoapoliceofficer,criticsfearthatofficersmayfindittoughtohandlepotentiallydeadlysituations.由于该法律没有规定对那些拒绝向警察出示驾照的人进行任何惩罚，批评人士担心，警察可能会发现很难处理潜在的致命情况。”可知，批评者认为新的德克萨斯州法律可能会导致预防犯罪的困难。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“orsure,NewYear'sDaywillbeanexcitingoneforTexasgunowners.What'snotyetknownishowtherestofTexaswillrespond.”可以肯定的是，新年对德州的枪支拥有者来说将是令人兴奋的一天。目前尚不清楚德州其他地区将如何回应。”作者对待新法律是小心，谨慎的。故选B。DAseverymobile-phoneownerknows,afterayearorsothebatterystartstofadeandthebeastneedsrechargingmorefrequently.Thatistroublesome,butaphone’sbatteriescanbereplacedfairlycheaply—orthewholedevicetradedinforthelatestmodel.Anelectriccar,though,isamuchbiggerinvestment.Andbatteriesareitspriciestcomponent,representingaround30%ofanaveragemid-sizevehicle.,Toprovidebuyerswithsomepeaceofmind,carmakersguaranteetheirbatteries,typicallyforeightyearsoraround200,000km.Producers,planningtogomuchfurtherthanthat,though,areracingtolaunch“millionmile”(1.6mkilometers)batteries.ContemporaryAmperexTechnology,agiantChinesefirmwhichproducesbatteriesforanumberofcarmakers,wassaidtobereadytostartproducingbatterieswhichwouldlastfor16yearsor2mkilometres.ElonMuskhassuggestedthatTesla,aCalifornianmakerofelectricvehicles,hasamillion-milebatteryintheworks.AndoverinDetroit,GeneralMotorsisinthefinalstagesofdevelopinganadvancedbatterywhichitsayshassimilarlongevity(寿命)。Regularfast-chargingreducesbatterylife,asdoovercharginganddeepdischarging.Drivinginextremelyhotorcoldweatherdoesnothelpeither.Andbatterylifewilldiminishevenifyoujustleavethecarinthegarage.Therealpointofamillion-milebatteryisthatthetechnologicaladvancesrequiredtomakeitpossiblewilldealwiththesethingsaswell.Batterytechnologyisimprovingallthetime,andbynomeansaremillion-milebatteriesthelimitofengineers’ambition.ThenextobjectiveistoreplaceLi-ions’liquidelectrolytes(电解质)withsolidones.Thatwouldallowevenlongerdrivingranges,whichcouldmakeatwo-million-milebatteryanachievableobjective.Ifthatdaycomes,thetableswouldhavebeenturned.Frombeingthefirstpartofacartofail,itsbatterywillhavebecomethelast.12.Thebatteryproblemofmobilephonesismentionedto_____.A.showelectricaldevicesmayhavedrawbacksB.stressthedisturbingbatteryproblemofcarsC.callforinvestmentinbatterydevelopmentD.comparethefunctionofbatteryindevices13.Whatdoweknowaboutthemillion-milebatteryplan?A.Itiseagerlyanticipatedbycarconsumers.B.Itisaimedtosaverepaircostforcustomers.C.Ittargetsthelongevityof8yearsandabove.D.Ithasdrawntheinterestofmanyenterprises.14.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthefocusofdevelopingthemillion-milebattery?A.Exploringnewmaterialstoconstructbatteries.B.Guidingusersonhowtomaintainthebattery.C.Addressingfactorsthatdecreasebatterylife.D.Researchingtheprincipleofbatteringaging.15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofcarbatteries?A.Promising.B.Unpredictable.C.Concerning.D.Unlimited.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A,【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了为了解决电动汽车的电池寿命缩短的问题，各电动汽车电池的制造商都在研究和开发“百万英里的汽车电池”。【12题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段中提到“Thatistroublesome,butaphone’sbatteriescanbereplacedfairlycheaply….Anelectriccar,though,isamuchbiggerinvestment.Andbatteriesareitspriciestcomponent...(这很麻烦，但更换手机电池的成本相当低廉……然而，电动车是一项更大的投资。电池是其最昂贵的部件)”可知，文章提到手机电池不耐用，可以更换电池或者手机，而电动车的电池是汽车最昂贵的部件。由此可以推断，作者提到手机电池的问题是是为了强调电动汽车的电池带来的令人烦忧的问题。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Producers,planningtogomuchfurtherthanthat,though,areracingtolaunch“million-mile”(1.6mkilometers)batteries.(不过，制造商们计划一个更长远的项目，竞相推出“百万英里”(160万千米)的电池)”及下文提到不同的制造商的例子，他们都在研究或制造能驾驶更长距离的电池“ContemporaryAmperexTechnology…wassaidtobereadytostartproducingbatterieswhichwouldlastfor16yearsor2mkilometres.…Tesla…hasamillion-milebatteryintheworks.…GeneralMotorsisinthefinalstagesofdevelopinganadvancedbattery…(时代新能源科技公司据说已经准备开始生产可以持续16年或者200万千米的电池了……Tesla也已经在研究百万英里的电池了……通用汽车公司已经进入开发更先进电池的最后一个阶段了)”由此可知，“百万英里电池计划”引起了很多制造商的兴趣，都在研究开发更先进电池。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。文章第三段中提到“Regularfast-chargingreducesbatterylife,asdoovercharginganddeepdischarging.Drivinginextremelyhotorcoldweatherdoesnothelpeither.Andbatterylifewilldiminish.(经常快速充电会缩短电池寿命，过度充电和深度放电也会缩短电池寿命。在极热或极冷的天气里开车或者把车停在车库里，电池的寿命都会缩短)”，汽车电池的问题在于电池寿命的缩短；下文提到“Therealpointofamillion-milebatteryisthatthetechnologicaladvancesrequiredtomakeitpossiblewilldealwiththesethingsaswell.(百万英里电池的真正意义在于，技术的先进使处理这些问题成为可能）”由此可以推断，作者认为开发百万英里电池的重点是解决电池寿命缩短的因素。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中提到“Batterytechnologyisimprovingallthetime…Ifthatdaycomes,thetableswouldhavebeenturned.Frombeingthefirstpartofacartofail,itsbatterywillhavebecomethelast.(电池技术一直在进步……如果那一天到来，局势就会逆转。汽车电池将从第一个出现故障的部件变成最后一个出现故障的部件),”可以推断，作者认为汽车电池的未来是非常有前景的。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。Thefactorsthatcauseyouthunemploymentoftendifferamongregionsandlaborsystems.____16____Sincefiringfull-timeworkersissocomplicatedandexpensive,employersareunwillingtotakeonnewstaff,whilepeoplewhoarealreadyemployed,mainlyolderworkers,oftenkeeptheirjobsforlife.Indevelopingcountrieswithhighbirthratesandveryyoungpopulations,likethePhilippines,growthisn’tstrongenoughtoabsorbthewaveofyoungstersenteringtheworkforceeachyear.____17____Youngpeopleenteringtheworkforceareoftenthemostvulnerable（易受伤害的）ineconomicdownturns—newemployeesareoftenthefirsttogetsacked,whilecollegegraduatesfindfewemployerswillingtohire.___18___InSpain,ItalyandJapan,forinstance,companieslookingtogainflexibilityinregulatedlabormarketsoftenoffernew,youngstaffersonlyshort-termcontracts.Thesecontracts,whichsometimeslastforonlyafewdays,usuallycomewithlowsalariesandfewbenefits.Sincesuchstaffistemporary,employershavelittleintentiontoinvestintraining.Facingsuchobstacles,youngpeopleeverywherearefindingthattraditionalroutetosuccess—education—isn’tpayingoffasmuchasinthepast.____19____Theywilloftenbeofferedlow-skilledjobsfromwaiterstosupermarketclerks.AMarchreportformtheUK’sOfficeforNationalStatisticsshowedthattheshareofrecentcollegegraduatesinBritainworkinginlower-skilledjobsrosetonearly35%in2011formlessthan27%adecadeearlier.____20____TypicalisCairo’sAhmedSaid.Hegraduatedfromcollegewithabusinessdegree,andafterperformingtheobligatory（义务的）yearofmilitaryservice,heappliedforjobsinaccountinganddataentry.ButSaid,24,hadnoluck,andtodayheworksasawaiteratacafenearTahrirSquare.“Thiswasmylastchoice,”hesays,“andthisisthejobthatIgot.”A.Younggraduatesoftenfindthemselvescompetingwithmore-experiencedworkers.B.Moreandmorecollegegraduatesareforcedtotakejobsbelowtheirskilllevel.C.Theystartedapplyingforanypositionstheycouldfindinothercountries.D.Insomepartsoftheworld,suchjobsareallthatisavailabletocollegegraduates.E.Yetyouthunemploymentalsohascommonrootsthroughouttheworld.F.Thoseyoungworkerswhodofindemploymentareoftentrappedinawfulcontracts.G.InmuchofWesternEuropeoveremphasizedlaborprotectionmakesitmoredifficultforyouthstolandgoodjobs.【答案】16.G17.E18.F19.B20.D【解析】,【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了不同地区和劳动力制度导致年轻人失业的不同因素。【16题详解】根据上一句 Thefactorsthatcauseyouthunemploymentoftendifferamongregionsandlaborsystems. 导致年轻人失业的因素在不同地区和劳动力制度之间往往有所不同。可知，此处内容与年轻人工作困难有关，选项G“在西欧大部分地区，过度强调劳动保护使得年轻人更难找到好工作。”符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】根据下一句Youngpeopleenteringtheworkforceareoftenthemostvulnerable（易受伤害的）ineconomicdownturns—newemployeesareoftenthefirsttogetsacked,whilecollegegraduatesfindfewemployerswillingtohire.在经济低迷时期，进入职场的年轻人往往是最脆弱的——新员工往往是最先被解雇的，而大学毕业生发现很少有雇主愿意雇佣。可知，此处内容与解释为什么年轻人最容易被解雇或失业有关，选项E“然而，青年失业在世界各地也有共同的根源。”符合题意。故选E。【18题详解】根据下文Thesecontracts,whichsometimeslastforonlyafewdays,usuallycomewithlowsalariesandfewbenefits. 这些合同有时只持续几天，通常工资很低，福利也很少。可知，此处内容与工作的年轻人遇到糟糕的合同有关，选项F“那些找到工作的年轻工人经常陷入糟糕的合同中。”符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】根据下一句Theywilloftenbeofferedlow-skilledjobsfromwaiterstosupermarketclerks. 他们经常会得到从服务员到超市店员等低技能工作。可知，此处内容与大学毕业生被迫做低技能的工作有关，选项B“越来越多的大学毕业生被迫从事低于他们技能水平的工作。”符合题意。故选B。【20题详解】根据下一句TypicalisCairo’sAhmedSaid.典型的是开罗的Ahmed。可知，此处内容与大学毕业生从事低技能工作的现象有关，选项D“在世界上的一些地方，大学毕业生只能找到这样的工作。”符合题意。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。Asksomeonefortheirfirstmemoryandtheywilloftengivesomefairlydullpossibilitiesandnotbesurewhichcomesfirst.However,Ihavenodoubtatallaboutmine.TheearliestthingIrecallislookingdownandseeingflamescomingoutofmyankles.,ItwasaSundayafternooninJuly1981whenI___21___fire.Iwasinthegardenwithmydad.Itwasasunnydaybutslightlybreezy（有微风的）.Iwasstandingnearbyasmydad___22___tolightthebarbecue.Afterseveralfailedattempts,___23___hehadtousesomesortofaccelerant（助燃剂）.Itcausedasmallfireball,whichwasflyingtowardsme___24___thebreezesuddenlychangedinmydirection.That’swherethe___25___memoryofmyburningankleskicksin.Mydad___26___fast.Hedashedindoors,grabbedalargeblanketand___27___towrapmeinit.ThenextthingIrememberissittingonabox,feelinghotand___28___wateroverandoveragain;thenbeingdriventoa___29___.IunderwentlotsofskinoperationsandforweeksIwasn’tabletobendmylegs,whichhadtobewrappedinbandages.___30___thisperiod,Idon’trecallexperiencingpain.ItwasonlywhenI___31___whatanexcitingsummermysisterwashavingthatmysituationbegantoseemunbearable.MydadandIhavenevertalkedmuchaboutthe___32___—mydadhasneverbeenanespecially___33___person.NowthatIhavekidsofmyown,Idosometimeswonderwhathe___34___.I’veneverfeltany___35___towardshim,andIrecognizethatbutforhisswiftactionsthesituationcouldhavebeenworse.ButI’dcertainlyneverhaveabarbecuewithmykids.21.A.exchangedB.setC.heldD.caught22.A.pretendedB.struggledC.refusedD.managed23.A.eventuallyB.graduallyC.interestinglyD.fortunately24.A.beforeB.unlessC.thoughD.as25.A.vividB.sweetC.preciousD.vague26.A.hidB.actedC.escapedD.approached27.A.gotawayB.brokeinC.stoodbyD.ranback28.A.waitingforB.askingforC.payingforD.searchingfor29.A.hospitalB.poolC.caféD.gym30.A.ThankstoB.ButforC.ThroughoutD.After31.A.realizedB.attendedC.requestedD.explained32.A.illnessB.conflictC.accidentD.visit33.A.strictB.openC.shyD.honest34.A.gaveawayB.tookoverC.wentthroughD.lookedinto,35.A.sympathyB.anxietyC.guiltD.anger【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.A26.B27.D28.B29.A30.C31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者小时候最初的记忆--被烧烤的火星烫了脚踝。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1981年7月的一个星期天下午，我着火了。A.exchanged交换；B.set设置；C.held握住；D.caught抓住。根据上文“TheearliestthingIrecallislookingdownandseeingflamescomingoutofmyankles.”（我记得的最早的事情是往下看，看到火焰从我的脚踝里冒出来。）可知，我是被火烧了，catchfire意为“着火”，故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在旁边，爸爸费力地点起烤肉架。A.pretended假装；B.struggled挣扎；C.refused拒绝；D.managed设法。根据下句“Afterseveralfailedattempts”（经过几次失败的尝试）可知，爸爸是费力的才点燃烧烤架，故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过几次失败的尝试，他最终不得不使用某种助燃剂A.eventually最终地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.interestingly有趣地；D.fortunately幸运地。根据“Afterseveralfailedattempts”（经过几次失败的尝试之后）可知，在努力了好几次之后，爸爸最终使用了助燃剂，故选A。【24题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：它引起了一个小火球，在微风突然改变到我的方向时飞向了我。A.before之前；B.unless除非；C.though虽然；D.as当……时候。根据上句“whichwasflyingtowardsme”（朝我飞来）和下句“thebreezesuddenlychangedinmydirection”（风突然转向了我的方向）可知，此处指的是当风向朝我改变时，火球朝我飞来，表示时间，故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是我灼伤脚踝的生动记忆开始显现的地方。A.vivid生动的；B.sweet甜的；C.precious珍贵的；D.vague模糊的。根据上文“However,Ihavenodoubtatallaboutmine.”（然而，我对我最初的记忆毫无疑问。）可知，我对于最初的记忆是很清晰生动的，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸行动很快。A.hid隐藏；B.acted表演；C.escaped逃避；D.approached接近。根据下句“Hedashedindoors”（他冲进室内）可知，我的爸爸反应很快，故选B。【27题详解】,考查动词短语辨析。句意：他冲进屋里，抓起一条大毯子，然后跑回去把我裹了起来。A.gotaway逃离；B.brokein插入；C.stoodby支持；D.ranback跑回来。根据“towrapmeinit”（把我裹在里面）可知，爸爸跑回来救我，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我记得的下一件事是坐在一个盒子上，感觉很热，一遍又一遍地要水喝。A.waitingfor等待；B.askingfor询问；C.payingfor支付；D.searchingfor寻找。根据“wateroverandoveragain”可知，我被烫伤，所以我感觉很热，一遍又一遍地要水喝，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我被送往医院。A.hospital医院；B.pool水池；C.café咖啡馆；D.gym体育馆。根据“IunderwentlotsofskinoperationsandforweeksIwasn’tabletobendmylegs,whichhadtobewrappedinbandages.”（我做了很多皮肤手术，有好几个星期我的腿都弯曲不了，不得不用绷带包着。）可知，我被送到了医院进行了包扎，故选A。【30题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：自始至终，我不记得经历过痛苦。A.Thanksto幸亏；B.Butfor要不是；C.Throughout自始至终；D.After在……之后。根据“Idon’trecallexperiencingpain”（我不记得经历过痛苦）可知，是从头到尾整个过程，故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我意识到我姐姐在夏天是多么兴奋时，我的处境才开始让人难以忍受。A.realized实现；B.attended参加；C.requested要求；D.explained解释。根据“whatanexcitingsummermysisterwashaving”（我姐姐的夏天是多么令人兴奋）可知，这是我意识到的，故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸和我从来没有过多地谈论过那次事故——我爸爸从来就不是一个特别开放的人。A.illness疾病；B.conflict矛盾；C.accident事故；D.visit拜访。根据上文可知，此处指的是“TheearliestthingIrecallislookingdownandseeingflamescomingoutofmyankles.”，即我被烧的事故，故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸和我从来没有过多地谈论过那次事故——我爸爸从来就不是一个特别开放的人。A.strict严厉的；B.open开放的；C.shy害羞的；D.honest诚实的。根据“MydadandIhavenevertalkedmuchaboutthe_12_”（我爸爸和我从来没有过多地谈论过那次事故）可知，我爸爸是一个不善言谈，不外向的人，故选B。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在我有了自己的孩子，我有时确实想知道他经历了什么。A.gave,away泄密；B.tookover接管；C.wentthrough经历；D.lookedinto调查。根据上文及“Idosometimeswonderwhathe”（我有时确实想知道）可知，我也为人父母也想知道我的孩子经历了什么，故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有对他感到任何愤怒，我认识到，如果不是他的迅速行动，情况可能会更糟。A.sympathy同情；B.anxiety焦虑；C.guilt罪犯；D.anger愤怒。根据“andIrecognizethatbutforhisswiftactionsthesituationcouldhavebeenworse.”（我认识到，如果不是他的迅速行动，情况可能会更糟）可知，我没有生爸爸的气，故选D。【点睛】第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AUCKLAND,NewZealand,Jan.5(Xinhua)--TheheavysmokefromdevastatingAustralianbushfirescloakedAuckland,___36___(turn)thecity'sskylineintostrange,mysteriousandfrighteningorangecolor___37___Sundayafternoon.NewZealandmeteorologyserviceMetServiceforecastthat___38___upperleveljetofwesterlywindswasdrivingthesmokeacrosstheTasmanSeatowardsNewZealand.Thesmoke___39___(expect)toarriveSundayeveningandwaslikelytobe____40____(large)gonebythemorning.ItisthesecondlayerofsmokecomingfromtheAustralianbushfires,____41____iscloakingtheNorthIslandandupperpartsoftheSouthIsland.MuchoftheSouthIsland___42___(awake)toreddish-brownskiesonNewYear'sDaybeforethesmokespreadtotheNorthIsland.MetServicesaiditispossible___43___peoplewouldbeabletosmellandtastethesmoke.However,long-lastinghealth____44____(effect)arenotexpected.OnFriday,theNewZealandgovernmentpledgedtwentytwo____45____(many)firefighterstohelpfighttheAustralianbushfires.【答案】36.turning37.on38.an39.wasexpected40.largely41.which42.awoke43.that44.effects45.more【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了1月5日澳大利亚发生热带丛林大火的情况。【36题详解】,考查非谓语动词。句意：周日下午，来自澳大利亚森林大火的浓烟笼罩了奥克兰，把这个城市的天际线变成了奇怪、神秘和可怕的橙色。turn在句中作结果状语，主语theheavysmoke与turn之间是主动关系，故填turning。【37题详解】考查介词。onSundayafternoon，在周日下午，在具体某一天用介词on，故填on。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：新西兰气象服务部门MetService预测，一股高空西风急流正将烟雾吹过塔斯曼海，吹向新西兰。upperleveljetofwesterlywinds泛指一股高空西风急流，且upper为元音因素开头的词，故填an。【39题详解】考查动词时态。句意：预计烟雾将于周日晚上到达，并可能在早上基本消失。主语thesmoke和谓语动词expect之间为被动关系，且分析本句时态为一般过去时，故填wasexpected。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：预计烟雾将于周日晚上到达，并可能在早上基本消失。large在句中作状语修饰动词gone，故填largely。【41题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这是来自澳大利亚丛林大火的第二层烟雾，它覆盖了北岛和南岛的上部地区.句中先行词为thesecondlayerofsmoke，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：新年第一天，南岛的大部分地区被红褐色的天空所笼罩，随后烟雾蔓延到北岛。根据onNewYear'sDay，故用一般过去时，故填awoke。【43题详解】考查连接词。句意：MetService表示，人们有可能将闻到和尝到烟的滋味。Itispossiblethat…为主语从句，……是有可能的。从句句意和句子成分完整，所以连接词为that。故填that。【44题详解】考查名词复数。effect表示效果时，为可数名词，根据系动词are可知，主语应为复数，故填effects.【45题详解】考查比较级。句意：上周五，新西兰政府承诺再派22名消防员帮助扑灭澳大利亚的丛林大火。“基数词+more+名词”表示在一定基础上再增加一定的数量，故填more。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假如你是两周前从电动车上摔下来并且右腿流血较多的高三学生李华,目前你已康复。你打算写一封感谢信给当时曾经帮助过你的某公司职员David的经理M.Green,表达你对,David的感激。内容包括:1.自我介绍,诚挚表达谢意2.写明对方曾给与的具体帮助,提及自己得到对方帮助时的感受或所受益处3.希望经理传达谢意给David注意:1.词数80字左右2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯DearMr.GreenI’mLiHua___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YourssincerelyLiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearMr.Green,I'mLiHua,aluckydog,whowashelpedbyaclerknamedDavidinyourcompanyafortnightago.Iamwritingtoexpressmysincereappreciationforhisgeneroushelp.Withouthiskindnessandtimelyfirstaid,Iwouldn'thaverecoveredsoquickly.IshallneverforgetthedaywhenIfelloffmyelectricbicycleandhurtmyrightlegseriously.ItwasDavidwhohelpedmewithouthesitation.Itdeeplyimpressedmethatyourcompanypossessessuchawarm-heartedandheroicclerk,whoseknowledgeoffirstaidandquickactionbenefitedmesomuch.Mytrueappreciationisbeyondanywords.I'llbemorethanpleasedifyoucanconveymygratitudetoyourclerk,David.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给某公司经理M.Green写封信，感谢他的职员David在你从电动车上摔下来的时候给与你的帮助。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时,少量一般现在时。结构：三段式第一段自我介绍并说明来信用意；第二段描述具体帮助过程；第三段请求代为转达谢意。。要求：,1.自我介绍,诚挚表达谢意2.写明对方曾给与的具体帮助,提及自己得到对方帮助时的感受或所受益处3.希望经理传达谢意给David第二步:列提纲（重点词组）aluckydog,sincereappreciationfor,generoushelp,firstaid,falloff,withouthesitation,awarm-heartedandheroicclerk,morethanpleased,conveygratitudeto.第三步：连词成句Iamaluckydog.IwashelpedbyaclerknamedDavidinyourcompanyafortnightago.Iamwritingtoexpressmysincereappreciationforhisgeneroushelp.Withouthiskindnessandtimelyfirstaid,Iwouldn'thaverecoveredsoquickly.IshallneverforgetthedaywhenIfelloffmyelectricbicycleandhurtmyrightlegseriously.Davidhelpedmewithouthesitation.Yourcompanypossessessuchawarm-heartedandheroicclerk.David´sknowledgeoffirstaidandquickactionbenefitedmesomuch.I'llbemorethanpleasedifyoucanconveymygratitudetoyourclerk.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表因果、条件关系：Without,if表修饰限定关系：who引导定语从句；when引导定语从句；whose引导定语从句表强调：Itwas…that强调句连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，兼顾句式多样性。【点睛】[高分句型1]Withouthiskindnessandtimelyfirstaid,Iwouldn'thaverecoveredsoquickly.该句使用了虚拟语气，表达对过去情况的虚拟，也体现了David的帮助的重要性。[高分句型2]Itdeeplyimpressedmethatyourcompanypossessessuchawarm-heartedandheroicclerk,whoseknowledgeoffirstaidandquickactionbenefitedmesomuch.该句中It作形式主语，that引导主语从句，whose引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是clerk。第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Onabright,warmJulyafternoon,MacHollan,aprimaryschoolteacher,wascyclingfromhishometoAlaskawithhisfriends.Oneofhisfriendshadstoppedtomakeabicyclerepair,buttheyhadencouragedMactocarryon,andtheywouldcatchupwithhimsoon.AsMacpedaled(骑行)alongalone,hethoughtfondlyofhiswifeandtwoyoungdaughtersathome.Hehopedtoshowthemthisbeautifulplacesomeday.ThenMacheardquickandloudbreathingbehindhim.“Man,that'sabigdog!”hethought.Butwhenhelookedtotheside,hesawinstantlythatitwasn’tadogatall,butawolf,quicklycatching,upwithhim.Mac’sheartjumped.Hefoundouthiscanofhearspray.Withonehandonthebars,hefiredthesprayatthewolf.Abrightredcloudenvelopedtheanimal,andtoMac'srelief,itfellback,shakingitshead.Butaminutelater,itwasbyhissideagain.ThenitattackedthebackofMac'sbike,tearingopenhistentbag.Hefiredatthewolfasecondtime,andagain,itfellbackonlytoquicklyrestartthechase(追赶).Macwaspedalinghardnow.Hewavedandyelledatpassingcarsbutwascarefulnottoslowdown.Hesawasteepuphillclimbbeforehim.Heknewthatoncehehitthehill,he’dbeeasycaughtupandthewolf’steethwouldbetearingintohisflesh.Atthismoment,PaulandBeckyweredrivingtheircarontheirwaytoAlaska.Theydidn’tthinkmuchofitwhentheysawtwocyclistsrepairingtheirbikeonthesideoftheroad.Abitlater,theyspottedwhatthey,too,assumedwasadogrunningalongsideamanonabike.Astheygotcloser,theyrealizedthatthedogwasawolf.Macheardalargevehiclebehindhim.Hepulledinfrontofitasthewolfwascatchingupfast,justadozenyardsawaynow.注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头已为你写好；Paragraph1:Thecarabruptlystoppedinfrontofhim._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Afewminuteslater,theothertwocyclistsarrived._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thecarabruptlystoppedinfrontofhim.SeeingPaulwaveathimkindlyandopenthecardoorforhim,Macjumpedoffhisbicycleandrushedintothecarwithoutanyhesitation.NosoonerhadthepoormangotinthanPaulclosedthedoorinstantly.Thewolfwalkedaroundthecarandhowledfuriouslyatthem,butjustinvain.Realizingitcouldn’tcatchMacanymore,thewolfultimatelygaveupandwalkedawaygloomily.Onspottingthewolfswallowedbytheroad,Mac,bathedinperspiration,sighedwithreliefandsankdowntothebackseat.PaulhandedabottleofwatertoMac,whomanagedaweaksmile,murmuringsomethinglike“Thankyou”.Afewminuteslater,theothertwocyclistsarrived.KnowingthatMachadbeenchasedbyawolf,theywerestumpedforwordsandparalyzedwithfear.ThetwofriendsextendedtheirearnestgratitudetoPaulforrescuingMacandthentookMacbackhome.Aftersuchaterribleexperience,thesplendidlandscapeofAlaskaseemednolongertobeatemptationtothem.Onthewaybackhome,feelingthelightbreezethroughhishair,Macfeltwhathappenedjustnowwasjustanightmare,butawarmglowfloodedintohisinnerheartashethoughtofPaul’sunselfishassistance.,Themostpreciouspartofhumansistheircareforeachother.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小学教师麦克·霍兰和朋友们从家里骑车去阿拉斯加。途中他的一个朋友停下来修理自行车，麦克继续骑行，结果突遇一只狼，在最后，被正开车去阿拉斯加保罗和贝基救下的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“汽车突然停在他面前。”可知，第一段可描写保罗救了麦克。②由第二段首句内容“几分钟后，另外两个骑自行车的人来了。”可知，第二段可描写朋友感谢保罗。2.续写线索：骑行——遇狼——恰逢——援救——感谢3.词汇激活行为类①说不出话：stumpforwords/wordsfailsb/bespeechless②回家：gobackhome/returnhome情绪类①感谢：thanksbfor/showone’sappreciation/gratitude/begrateful②吓呆了：paralyzewithfear/beovercomewithfright【点睛】[高分句型1]：NosoonerhadthepoormangotinthanPaulclosedthedoorinstantly.这句话运用了nosooner…than的部分倒装结构。[高分句型2]：Realizingitcouldn’tcatchMacanymore,thewolfultimatelygaveupandwalkedawaygloomily.这句话运用了现在分词作状语的结构。[高分句型3]：PaulhandedabottleofwatertoMac,whomanagedaweaksmile,murmuringsomethinglike“Thankyou”.这句话运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句。
