绝密★启用前重庆缙云教育联盟2021-2022学年（上）年度考试高一英语注意：本试卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，所有答案必须用2B铅笔涂在答题卡中相应的位置。第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，所有答案必须填在答题卷的相应位置。答案写在试卷上均无效，不予记分。一、选词填空-句子（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）1.这个计划听上去很好，但你想象不出它在现实生活中实施起来有多困难。（how）______2.尽管价格昂贵，但这个新款某种程度上满足了大众对高科技产品的需求。（despite）______3.要达到预期的效果，你在演说前应当确定你的目标听众。（identify）______4.他坚持使用最好的食材来实现自己的承诺。（live）______5.越来越多的人报名参加跑马拉松。（signupfor）______二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共42.5分）ABestbooksfor12to14-year-oldsMortalEnginesAuthor：PhilipReevePublisher：ScholasticLondonisonthemoveagain：thecitysearchestheworldforresources（资源）onwheels,eatingsmallertowns.Butwhenheisthrownoffthecity,youngheroTomissoonforcedtoreexaminelifeasheknowsit.Setinafuturisticbackground,thisimaginativestoryisablend（混合）ofactionandadventure.ThebookhaswontheBluePeterBookAward.CoramBoyAuthor：JamilaGavinPublisher：EgmontToby'sandAaron'slivesarelinkedbytheCoramMan,whocollectsunwantedchildren24,fromacrossthecountry,supposedlytosendthemtoasafenewlife.Inreality,themansellsthechildrenintoslavery.Soon,TobyandAaronfindthemselvesunitedonajourney,filledwithdangerandexcitement.Richwithhistoricaldetail,thisbookprovidesanimportantinsightintothe1750ssociety.ItwasawinneroftheWhitbreadChildren'sBookAward.TheCuriousIncidentoftheDogintheNight-TimeAuthor：MarkHaddonPublisher：RedFoxSeenthroughtheeyesofChristopher，amathematicalgenius（天才）andSherlockHolmesfan,thisnovelopenswiththediscoveryofadeaddogonaneighbor'slawn（草坪）.Inhissearchtodiscovertheidentityofthekiller,ChristopheruncoverssomeinformationabouthisownfamilyandhestartsajourneytoLondontofindhismother.WatershipDownAuthor：RichardAdamsPublisher：PenguinYoungrabbitFiverbelievesthatagreatdisasterisabouttostriketheplacewherehelives-butnoonewilllistentohim.Atlasthemanagestoaskafewbraverabbitstoleavebeforeit'stoolate.Huntedbydogsandfoxes,theirjourneyisadangerousone-buttherabbitscanstilldreamofapeacefulandsafenewlifeatWatershipDown.ThisbookwonboththeGuardianChildren'sFictionPrizeandtheCarnegieMedal.1.Whichauthor'sbookfocusesonlifeinthefutureaccordingtothetext？______A.PhilipReeve's.B.JamilaGavin's.C.MarkHaddon's.D.RichardAdams's.2.WhatmakesChristophertrytofindoutthetruth？______A.Hislosingtouchwithhismother.B.Anovergrownlawn.C.Hisneighbor'srequest.D.Thedeadbodyofadog.3.WhatisspecialaboutWatershipDown？______24,A.Itsmaincharacterisadetectivelover.B.Itisaboutsomerabbitsescapingadisaster.C.Itsstoriesarebasedonhistoricalfacts.D.ItwontheWhitbreadChildren'sBookAward.BIt's6A.M.，andthealarmclockisringingearlierthanusual.It'snotamalfunction（故障）：thesmartclockscannedyourscheduleandadjustedbecauseyou'vegotthatbigpresentationfirstthinginthemorning.Theelectriccarisreadytogo,chargedbythesolarpanelsonyourroof.Whenyougethomelater,there'sanunexpectedpackagewaiting.Youopenittofindcoldmedicine.Turnsout,healthsensorsembedded（嵌入）inyourbathroomdetectedsignsofanupcomingillnessandplacedanorderautomatically.That,atleast,istheidealdesignofthesmarthomethatexists10yearsout.Butadecadefromnow,we'lldipintotheInternetofThings（IoT）totally.Arangeoftechnologicaldevelopmentswilldrivesmart-hometechnologywellbeyondwhat'savailableonstoreshelvestoday.InnovationsinAIstandtochangealmosteverythinginourlives.YoumightalreadybeusingsomekindofAI-poweredvoice-assistantdevicetogetthelatestnewsorweatherforecasteverymorning.IoTcompanyCrestron,forexample,isworkingonsoftwarethatfollowsaperson'shabits,likewhichmusictheywanttohearinthemorningorwhichlightstheywanttobeonatacertaintimeofday.Then,onceitgetsthehangofauser'spreferences,itautomaticallyplaysjusttherightplaylistsormakesthelightslessbrightbeforebedtime.Allthislearningthatthesmarthomeofthefuturewillbedoingmayraiseprivacyconcerns.In2016，hackerstookoverhundredsofthousandsofsecureIoTdevices,thenusedthemtosendfakeInternettraffic,theincidentbrokeInternetconnectionsforamomentthroughoutpartsofNorthAmericaandEurope.AbillputforthbyVirginiaSenatorMarkWarnerwouldpushthegovernmenttosetupminimumsecurityrequirementsforsmartdevicesusedbyfederalagencies；suchrequirementscouldeventuallybecomestandardfortheindustryatlarge.24,You'remorelikelythannottoendupinaconnectedhomeoneday,whetheryoumeantoornot.Ultimately,peoplewillcometoseesmart-hometechnologyasessentialaselectricity,refrigerationorair-conditioning.Peoplewillrelyonit.1.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1？______A.Torevealpeople'sbusylifeintenyears.B.Todisplaypollution-freehomesintenyears.C.Toshowhowpeoplewillcureillnessinthefuture.D.Todescribehowsmartthehomecanbeinthefuture.2.WhatcanAIdointhefuture？______A.Pushyourpreferencestowardsgreenliving.B.Playyourfavoritesongswithvoicecontrol.C.Providethelatestnewsandweatherautomatically.D.Makehomedevicesfunctionaccordingtoyourhabits.3.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheeventin2016？______A.TheIoTdeviceswereoflowquality.B.Thegovernmentmadealawbecauseofit.C.Securityproblemsfromsmartdeviceswereurgent.D.HackerswerecommoninNorthAmericaandEurope.4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthesmarthomeinthefuture？______A.It'selectricalandreliable.B.It'sattractiveandnecessary.C.Itwillnotneedmuchdesigning.D.Itwillnotbeaffectedbyevilhackers.CBeessee,beesdo.Atleastthat'stheconclusionofresearchpublishedearlierthismonthinthejournalPLOSBiology,showingthatbumblebeeslearntosolveproblemsbywatchingeachother.Inthefirststudyofitskindininsects,scientistsconstructedexperimentsthatchallengedbeestopullstringsinordertoaccessrewardsofnectar（花蜜）24,.Thescientistshopedtheirstudywouldthrowlightonabiggerpicture：howsociallearningspreadsthroughapopulation.Inthestudy,LarsChittkafromQueenMaryUniversityofLondonandhisteammadeartificialflowersandfilledthemwithartificialnectarmadeofsugarwater.Theyputtheflowersunderacleartypeofplasticandattachedastring.Thentheyaddedbees.Whilemostoftheinsectsfailedtoreachthenectar,afeweventuallyfiguredouthowtoaccessit,bypullingthestring.Theteamdiscoveredthattheycouldgreatlyincreasethesuccessrateofthebeesbyfirstplacingtheminsideatransparent（透明的）boxwheretheycouldobserveanexperiencedbeepullthestring.Then,whentheboxedbeeswerereleased,theyoftenknewwhattodoandsuccessfullypulledthestringtoobtainnectar.Next,theresearchersaddedabeethatwasexperiencedinstringpullingtoeachofthreenewgroupsthathadneverseentheexperimentbefore.Withinashorttime,abouthalfofallthosebeesweresoonpullingthestrings.Thatresultsuggeststhelearnedbehaviorcouldspreadfrombeetobee,similartothewayculturalideasspreadinotheranimals,includingpeople.Theexperimentsuggeststhatsociallearningmaybemorewidespreadintheanimalkingdomthanpeoplepreviouslythought.1.Whathappenedafterthebeepulledthestring？______A.Itgotnectar.B.Itfoundwater.C.Itjoinedothers.D.Itsawflowers.2.Whatdidtheboxedbeesdoafterbeingsetfree？______A.Theyflewbacktothebox.B.Theyflewdirectlytotherewards.C.Theyimitated（模仿）theexperiencedbee.D.Theywatchedtheexperiencedbeework.3.Whywasanexperiencedbeeaddedtonewbeegroups？______A.Tokeepthebees'interest.B.Tocarrytheexperimentfurther.24,C.Towatchtheprocessofstringpulling.D.Toreducethedifficultyoftheexperiment.1.Whatdoesthestudyfind？______A.Mostanimalscreatetheirowncultures.B.Stringsareparticularlyattractivetobees.C.Animalsmayhavegoodsociallearningability.D.Bumblebeesmaybesmarterthanotherbeespecies.DNewtechnologiesaretypicallythoughtofasimprovingproductivity,however,whichisnotalwaysthecase.Whentechnologyismultipurpose,suchascellphones,itcanbebothdistractinganddestructive.Theinfluenceofbanningphonesforthesestudentsisequaltoanadditionalhouraweekinschool,ortoincreasingtheschoolyearbyfivedays.Banningcellphonescausedasignificantgrowthinstudentachievementinclassrooms,withstudenttestscoresimprovingby6.41percentpoints.Thismadethem2percentagepointsmorelikelytopasstherequiredexamsattheendofhighschool.Low-achievingstudentsbenefitedmostfromtheban,withtestscoresincreasingby14.23percentpoints.Likewise,thebangreatlybenefittedspecial-education-needsstudentsandthosequalifiedforfreeschoolmeals,improvingexamscores10and12percentpointsrespectively.However,strictcellphonepolicieshadlittleeffectonbothhigh-achievingstudentsand14-year-olds,suggestingthathighachieversarelessdistractedbymobilephonesandyoungerteensownandusephoneslessoften.Thismeansallowingphonesintoschoolswouldbethemostdamagingtolow-achievingandlow-incomestudents—thosequalifiedforfreeschoolmeals,worseninganyexistinglearninginequalities.However,thesefindingsdonotignorethepossibilitythatmobilephonescouldbeausefullearningtoolinschooliftheiruseisproperlystructured.2.Whatmakesstudentsmorelikelytopasstherequiredexams？______24,A.Moretimeinstudy.B.Moretestsforstudents.C.Abanoncellphoneselling.D.Clevernessofstudents.1.Whomaybenefitfromthebanonphones？______A.Specialeducatorsforstudents.B.Freeschoolmealproviders.C.Low-incomestudents.D.High-achievingstudents.2.Whydostrictcellphonepolicieshavelittleeffectonhigh-achievingstudents？______A.Becausetheyusephoneslessoften.B.Becausetheyhavealreadymasteredthecourse.C.Becausetheyhavesethighergoalsforthemselves.D.Becausetheygetlessdistractionfromcellphones.3.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthecellphoneuseinschool？______A.Approving.B.Critical.C.Anxious.D.Objective.三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）HowtoMakeFriendsataNewSchoolStartingwithanewschoolcanbedifficult.Everythingseemstobeentirelydifferent,andyoudon'tevenknowwheretogoforyourownclasses.(1)However,ifyouusetheseskills,youcanquicklyturnsomeofthosestrangersintoFriends.Beyourself(2)Ifsomepeopledon'tacceptyou,they'renotthekindoffriendsyouneed.Peopleoftenstaytogetherbecausetheyhavesimilarinterests.Forexample,someonewhodoesalotofsportsmaymakefriendswiththosewhoalsorunorswimalot.(3)Remembertobenicetothepeopleyoumeetatyournewschool.Ifyouthinkthatyouwillsaysomethingthatmaymakethemfeelsad,donotsayanythingandjustnodyourheadwhentheytalktoyou.Also,remembertobeashelpfulaspossible!BelieveinyourselfAsmilegoesalongway.Whenyouwalkinthehalls,don'tkeepyoureyesonthe24,floor.Raiseyourheadandmakeeyecontactwithotherpeople.(4)Introduceyourself.Tellthemyournameandwhereyou'refrom.Rememberpeople'snamesYoulikeitwhenpeopleuseyourname,andsodootherpeople.(5)Besides,asktheminakindwayiftheyhaveanickname.You'dbesurprisedathowoftenthismaycomeinhandy.A.BefriendlytoothersB.Joininafter-schoolactivitiesyoulikeC.Makingnewfriendscanbehard,too.D.Neverchangewhatyouaretotryandfitin.E.Ifyouseesomeoneyouknow,smileorsayHi.F.Peoplemaybecomeupsetifyoujustbeginbysaying"Hi"eachtime.G.Don'tsitatthebackoftheclassroomwhereotherpeoplemayignoreyou.1. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G2. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G3. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G4. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G5. A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）GlennCameronhasalwayslikedtobuildthingsandlearnhowthingswork.Buthegotmore(26)afterheboughtaroboticcarkit（配套元件）.Cameronsuddenly(27)thathecouldusehisdifferentskillstogivethecarnewabilities.Whenhewasdone,thecarcoulddrivebyitselfwithoutbumping（碰撞）intothing.The(28)madeCameronrealizehowbasickitscouldbeusedtobuildsemi-autonomoussystems（半自动的系统）.Hedidn't(29)wanttomakefuntoys,though；hewantedtocreatethingspeoplecouldactually(30).Inprimaryschool,Cameronnoticedthe(31)facedbyhisfriend,whowasmissingahand."Therewere(32)thingslikeridingabikethatweremoredifficultforhimthanforme."24,Cameronsaid."Iwanttomakeaprosthetic（假体的）robotichandto(33)peoplelikehim."Cameron3Dprintedahandfromanonlinerobotkitandgotstarted.Butherealizedthehandwastoolimited.Hedecidedto(34)hisown.Itwasquitehardandtookhimquiteayear.butthenewhandwas(35).Eachfingerofthehandcouldmoveonisown.Thefingersstoppedclosingwhentheytouchsomething,allowingthehandtoshakehands.NowCameron'sdesigneda"smart"handcontrolledbyahumanbrain.Wearingaspecialheadset（耳机）.Cameroncanopenandclosetherobotichandjustby(36).Hewantstoletusersthinkofataskandhavethebanddoitautomatically（自动地）.Cameron(37)youngpeoplewhothinktheymightwanttodosomething(38)："Ifyouhavesomethingyouwanttodoandyoustartworkingtowardsit,takingonelittle(39)atatimesoonerorlateryouaregoingto(40).1. A.popularB.seriousC.famousD.worried2. A.promisedB.acceptedC.discoveredD.proved3. A.habitB.hobbyC.experienceD.plan4. A.everB.almostC.neverD.just5. A.useB.seeC.shareD.buy6. A.dangerB.difficultlyC.choiceD.chance7. A.newB.differentC.sameD.simple8. A.helpB.attractC.teachD.treat9. A.wearB.sellC.buildD.change10. A.betterB.saferC.cheaperD.faster11. A.speakingB.thinkingC.movingD.looking12. A.satisfiesB.invitesC.comfortsD.encourages13. A.similarB.rightC.crazyD.funny14. A.tripB.breakC.stepD.risk15. A.returnB.succeedC.rememberD.start五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）24,1.AnneFrankwasaJewishgirlwho(1)（hide）awayinordernot(2)（discover）bytheGermanNazis.Duringthattime,heronlyfriendwasherdiarywhereshewroteabout(3)shefeltandwhatshewent(4)inthehidingplace.Shegrewcrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature(5)shecouldnotgooutdoors.Sheoncestayedawakeonpurpose(6)halfpasteleveninordertohavealookatthemoonby(7)（she）.Thatwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatshe(8)（see）thenightfacetoface.Shefeltsadbecauseshewasonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtains(9)（hang）beforethedustywindows.Inherdiaryshewrote,"It'snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureIsonethingthatreallymust(10)（experience）."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）2.假如你是李津，上个月你校举办运动会，请根据以下提示，给你的英国笔友Tom写一封信，介绍学校运动会。1.运动会前，老师同学制定计划，准备必备物品，运动员练习；2.两天运动会期间，大家公平比赛，同学们热情欢呼；3.运动会使班级团结，同学相互了解，让同学们对今后校园生活更有希望。24,答案和解析1.【答案】Theplansoundsgood,butyoucan'timaginehowdifficultitwouldbetoimplementinreallife.【解析】soundsgood意为"听上去很好"，主语是单数，因此用单三形式；can'timagine意为"想象不出"；howdifficultitwouldbe"有多困难"，这里是how引导的感叹句；toimplementinreallife"在现实生活中实施起来有多困难"，用不定式作定语。故填：Theplansoundsgood,butyoucan'timaginehowdifficultitwouldbetoimplementinreallife.这个计划听上去很好，但你想象不出它在现实生活中实施起来有多困难。考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。2.【答案】Despiteitshighprice,thisnewmodelsomewhatsatisfiesthepublic'sdemandforhigh-techproducts.【解析】根据题意，"尽管"可以翻译成"despite"；"新款"可以翻译成"newmodel"；"某种程度上"可以翻译成"somewhat"；"满足"可以翻译成"satisfy"；"高科技产品"可以翻译成"high-techproducts"。故填：Despiteitshighprice,thisnewmodelsomewhatsatisfiesthepublic'sdemandforhigh-techproducts.尽管价格昂贵，但这个新款某种程度上满足了大众对高科技产品的需求。本题考查了学生汉译英的能力。在英语句子汉译英的翻译的过程中，要注意重点词组的翻译和基本表达，在翻译成英文的过程中，要注意英语的句式和中文句式之间的区别，要兼顾到英语句子的逻辑和习惯，切勿翻译成中式英语。24,3.【答案】Toachievethedesiredresults,youshoulddetermineyourtargetaudiencebeforespeaking.【解析】根据题意，"达到"可以翻译成"achieve"；"预期的效果"可以翻译成"thedesiredresults"；"确定"可以翻译成"determine"；"目标听众"可以翻译成"targetaudience"。故填：Toachievethedesiredresults,youshoulddetermineyourtargetaudiencebeforespeaking.要达到预期的效果，你在演说前应当确定你的目标听众。本题考查了学生汉译英的能力。在英语句子汉译英的翻译的过程中，要注意重点词组的翻译和基本表达，在翻译成英文的过程中，要注意英语的句式和中文句式之间的区别，要兼顾到英语句子的逻辑和习惯，切勿翻译成中式英语。4.【答案】Heinsistsonusingthebestingredientstofulfillhispromises.【解析】根据题意，"坚持做某事"可以翻译成"insistondoingsth"；"食材"可以翻译成"ingredients"；"实现承诺"可以翻译成"fulfill promises"。故填：Heinsistsonusingthebestingredientstofulfillhispromises.他坚持使用最好的食材来实现自己的承诺。本题考查了学生汉译英的能力。在英语句子汉译英的翻译的过程中，要注意重点词组的翻译和基本表达，在翻译成英文的过程中，要注意英语的句式和中文句式之间的区别，要兼顾到英语句子的逻辑和习惯，切勿翻译成中式英语。5.【答案】Moreandmorepeoplesignupforrunningamarathon.【解析】本句陈述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。"越来越多的人"Moreandmorepeople,"报名参加"signupfor,"跑马拉松"runningamarathon。故填：Moreandmorepeoplesignupforrunningamarathon.24,越来越多的人报名参加跑马拉松。考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。6.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】D【小题3】B【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据文章MortalEngines介绍内容，Author：PhilipReeve-Setinafuturisticbackground,thisimaginativestoryisablend（混合） ofactionandadventure.这部充满想象力的故事以未来主义为背景，融合了动作和冒险。可知，PhilipReeve的作品MortalEngines讲述的是关于未来的事情，结合选项，故选A。（2）D.细节理解题。根据文章TheCuriousIncidentoftheDogintheNight-time介绍内容，Inhissearchtodiscovertheidentityofthekiller,ChristopheruncoverssomeinformationabouthisownfamilyandhestartsajourneytoLondontofindhismother.在寻找凶手身份的过程中，克里斯托弗发现了一些关于他自己家庭的信息，他开始了去伦敦寻找母亲的旅程。可知，是一只狗的死亡促使了Christopher寻找真相，结合选项，故选D。（3）B.推理判断题。根据文章WatershipDown介绍内容，YoungrabbitFiverbelievesthatagreatdisasterisabouttostriketheplacewherehelives -butnoonewilllistentohim.Atlast,hemanagestoaskafewbraverabbitstoleavebeforeit'stoolate.Huntedbydogsandfoxes,theirjourneyisadangerousonebuttherabbitscanstilldreamofapeacefulandsafenewlifeatWatershipDown.小兔子菲弗相信一场大灾难即将降临到他居住的地方，但是没有人会听他的。最后，他设法让几只勇敢的兔子趁早离开。被狗和狐狸猎杀，它们的旅程是危险的，但兔子们仍然可以梦想在WatershipDown的和平和安全的新生活。可知，WatershipDown这本书的特别之处在于它讲述的是几只兔子逃离灾难的故事，故选B。本文主要向读者介绍了几本适合12至1424,岁年龄阶段的孩子阅读的书籍，并对书籍内容进行了说明。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。9.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】D【小题3】C【小题4】B【解析】（1）D.目的意图题。根据第一段中"the smart clock scanned your schedule and adjusted because you've got that big presentation first thing in the morning.The electric car is ready to go,charged by the solar panels on your roof.When you get home later,there's an unexpected package waiting.You open it to find cold medicine.Turns out,health sensors embedded（嵌入） in your bathroom detected signs of an upcoming illness and placed an order automatically. （智能时钟扫描了你的时间表并进行了调整，因为你早上要做的第一件事就是一个大型的演示。电动汽车已经准备好了，由你屋顶上的太阳能电池板充电。当你晚些回家时，会有一个意外的包裹在等着你。你打开它，发现是感冒药。事实证明，嵌入浴室的健康传感器检测到即将到来的疾病的迹象，并自动下订单）"，由此可知，第一段的目的是来描述未来的智能家居。故选D。（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段中"A range of technological developments will drive smart-home technology well beyond what's available on store shelves today.Innovations in AI stand to change almost everything in our lives. （一系列的技术发展将推动智能家居技术的发展，使其远远超出目前商店货架上的产品。人工智能的创新将改变我们生活中的几乎一切）"，由此可知，未来人工智能让家庭设备根据你的习惯运行。故选D。（3）C.推理判断题。根据第四段中"All this learning that the smart home of the future will be doing may raise privacy concerns.In 2016，24,hackers took over hundreds of thousands of secure IoT devices,then used them to send fake Internet traffic,the incident broke Internet connections for a moment throughout parts of North America and Europe. （所有这些关于未来智能家居的知识可能会引起人们对隐私的关注。2016年，黑客接管了数十万个安全的物联网设备，然后用它们发送虚假的互联网流量，该事件导致北美和欧洲部分地区的互联网连接一度中断）"，由此可知，作者想通过2016年的事件告诉我们"智能设备的安全问题迫在眉睫。"故选C。（4）B.观点态度题。根据最后一段中"Ultimately,people will come to see smart-home technology as essential as electricity,refrigeration or air-conditioning.People will rely on it.（最终，人们会发现智能家居技术和电力、制冷或空调一样重要。人们会依赖它）"，由此可知，作者认为未来的智能家居是有吸引力和必要的。故选B。本文为说明文。人工智能、机器人技术和传感器的发展使房屋和公寓比以往更加智能，这些软件能自动追踪居民的习惯，了解我们的喜好，更好地为居民服务。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。13.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】B【小题4】C【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第二段中"scientists constructed experiments that challenged bees to pull strings in order to access rewards of nectar.（科学家们做了一些实验，让蜜蜂拉动绳子以获得作为奖励的花蜜）可知，蜜蜂可以通过拉动绳子获得花蜜。故选A项。（2）C.细节理解题。根据第六段中"The team discovered that they could greatly increase the success rate of the bees by first placing theminside a transparent （透明的） box where they could observe an experienced bee pull the string24,（研究小组发现，首先把它们放在一个透明的盒子里，在那里它们可以观察到有经验的蜜蜂拉绳子，这样可以大大提高蜜蜂的成功率） "第七段中"Then,when the boxedbees were released,they often knew what to do and successfully pulled the string to obtain nectar.（然后，当盒子里的蜜蜂被释放时，它们通常知道该做什么，并成功地拉动绳子获得花蜜）"可知，盒子里的蜜蜂被放出来后，成功地模仿有经验的蜜蜂获得了花蜜。故选C项。（3）B.推理判断题。根据第八段"Next,the researchers added a bee that was experienced in string puling to each of three new groups that hadnever seen the experiment before.Within a short time,about half of all those bees were soon pulling the strings.That result suggests thelearned behavior could spread fom bee to bee,similar to the way cultural ideas spread in other animals,including people.（接下来，研究人员将一只有拉线经验的蜜蜂加入到之前从未见过这个实验的三个新组中。在很短的时间内，大约一半的蜜蜂很快就开始拉绳子。这一结果表明，习得的行为可以在蜜蜂之间传播，这与文化观念在包括人类在内的其他动物中传播的方式类似）"可推知，研究人员将有拉线经验的蜜蜂加入新组的目的是为了进行进一步的研究，看看习得的行为是否可以在蜜蜂之间传播。故选B项。（4）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段中"The experiment suggests that social learning may be more widespread in the animal kingdom thanpeople previously thought（实验表明，社会学习在动物王国中可能比人们之前认为的更普遍。可知，研究表示动物可能具有良好的社会学习能力。故选C项。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过试验发现，蜜蜂可知通过观察来学习解决问题的能力，这表明习得的行为可以在蜜蜂之间传播，社会学习行为在动物王国中可能远超人们以往的认知。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。17.【答案】24,【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】D【解析】（1）A．细节理解题。由第二段"Theinfluenceofbanningphonesforthesestudentsisequaltoanadditionalhouraweekinschool,ortoincreasingtheschoolyearbyfivedays.Banningcellphonescausedasignificantgrowthinstudentachievementinclassrooms,withstudenttestscoresimprovingby6.41percentpoints.Thismadethem2percentagepointsmorelikelytopasstherequiredexamsattheendofhighschool."（对这些学生来说，禁止使用手机的影响相当于每周在学校增加一个小时，或者将学年延长五天。禁止使用手机导致学生在课堂上的成绩显著提高，学生的考试成绩提高了6.41个百分点。这使得他们在高中结束时通过规定考试的可能性提高了2个百分点。）可知，禁止使用手机后学生学习时间增加，考试分数上升。C选项错在selling。故选A。（2）C．推理判断题。由第三段"Low-achievingstudentsbenefitedmostfromtheban,withtestscoresincreasingby14.23percentpoints.Likewise,thebangreatlybenefittedspecial-education-needsstudentsandthosequalifiedforfreeschoolmeals,improvingexamscores10and12percentpointsrespectively."（成绩差的学生从禁令中受益最多，考试分数提高了14.23%。类似地，这项禁令大大有利于特殊教育需要学生和有资格享受免费学校膳食的学生，分别提高考试分数10%和12%。）第五段"Thismeansallowingphonesintoschoolswouldbethemostdamagingtolow-achievingandlow-incomestudents—thosequalifiedforfreeschoolmeals,worseninganyexistinglearninginequalities."（这意味着允许手机进入学校可能是对低成就和低收入学生最有害---那些有资格享受免费午餐的人，从而加深了现存的学习不平等性。）可知答案，那些低收入的学生受益最大。故选C。（3）D．细节理解题。由第四段"However,strictcellphonepolicieshadlittleeffectonbothhigh-achievingstudentsand14-year-olds,suggestingthathighachieversarelessdistractedbymobilephonesandyoungerteensownandusephoneslessoften."（然而，严格的手机政策对成绩优异的学生和14岁的孩子都没有什么影响，这表明成绩优异的学生较少被手机分心，年轻的青少年也较少使用手机。）可知严格的手机政策对成绩优异的学生影响甚微的原因是：高成就者不易被手机分心。故选D。（4）D．观点态度题。结合最后一段"However,thesefindingsdonotignorethepossibilitythat24,mobilephonescouldbeausefullearningtoolinschooliftheiruseisproperlystructured."（然而，这些发现并没有忽视这样一种可能性：如果手机的使用结构合理，那么手机在学校里可能是一种有用的学习工具。）可知文章主体讨论了手机的危害，但在最后一段作者表明手机运用得当可以是一个有用的学习工具。所以作者态度是客观的。A.Approving赞成的；B.Critical关键的；C.Anxious焦虑的；D.Objective客观的。故选D。本文为说明文，主题语境为人与社会。本文主要讨论了学生在学校禁止使用手机对学生成绩的提升作用，指出使用手机对低成就学生的危害，提出手机问题不能被学校忽略。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。21.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】E【小题5】F【解析】（1）C．逻辑关系题。根据上文Everythingseemstobedifferent,andyoudon'tevenknowwheretogoforyourownclasses.（一切似乎都不一样了，你甚至不知道去哪里上课）以及后文However,ifyouusetheseskills,youcanquicklyturnsomeofthosestrangersintofriends.（然而，如果你运用这些技巧，你可以很快把一些陌生人变成朋友）由此可知，本句起到承上启下的作用，指出交新朋友也很困难。故C选项"结交新朋友也很难"符合句意。故选C。（2）D．细节理解题。由小标题Beyourself（做你自己）以及后文Ifsomepeopledon'tacceptyou,they'renotthekindoffriendsyouneed.（如果有些人不接受你，他们就不是你需要的那种朋友）由此可知，本句是在强调不要为了与他人建立良好关系面而改变自已。故D选项"永远不要为了努力适应而改变自已"符合句意。故选D。（3）A．主旨大意题。根据后文内容Remembertobenicetothepeopleyoumeetatyournewschool.Ifyouthinkthatyouwillsaysomethingthatmaymakethemfeelsad,donotanythingandjustnodyourheadiftheytalktoyou.Also,remembertobeashelpfulaspossible!"24,可知记住要对你在新学校遇到的人友善。如果你认为你会说一些让他们感到悲伤的话，最好不要这么做，只要他们和你说话，你应该点头回应他们的话。另外，记住要尽可能地帮助别人！由此可知，本段主要谈的是要对他人友好。故A选项"对他人要友好"符合小标题。故选A。（4）E．细节理解题。根据上文Raiseyourheadandmakeeyecontactwithotherpeople.（抬起头，与其他人进行眼神接触）以及后文Introduceyourself.Tellthemyournameandwhereyou'refrom.（自我介绍。告诉他们你的名字和你来自哪里）由此可知，本句与上下句一同来说明在交流时一些自信的做法。故E选项"如果你看到你认识的人，微笑或说‘嗨'"符合句意。故选E。（5）F．细节理解题。根据上文Youlikeitwhenpeopleuseyourname,andsodootherpeople（你喜欢别人用你的名字，其他人也一样）由此可知，本句是要说明不用名字的后果。故F选项"如果你每次一开始就说"嗨"，人们可能会生气。"符合句意。故选F。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种在新学校结交朋友的方法。"七选五"选择题，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。26.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】C【小题4】A【小题5】A【小题6】B【小题7】D【小题8】A【小题9】C【小题10】A【小题11】B【小题12】D【小题13】A【小题14】C【小题15】B【解析】（1）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.popular流行的；B.serious严肃的；C.famous著名的；D.worried担心的。格伦•加梅隆一直喜欢创造事物并学习事物的运作方式，当他买了机器人汽车套件之后，他变得更严肃（也就是说，对创造新事物更痴迷）。故答案为B。（2）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.promised允诺；B.accepted接受；C.discovered发现；D.proved证明。根据下文he could use his different skills to give the car new abilities24,可知，卡梅隆突然发现，他可以利用自己不同的技能赋予汽车新的功能。故答案为C。（3）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.habit习惯；B.hobby爱好；C.experience经历；D.plan计划。改造出了可以自己行驶而不会撞到东西的车这个经历使格伦•加梅隆明白了基础的配套原件可以怎样被用来建造半自动的系统，故答案为C。（4）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.ever曾经；B.almost几乎；C.never绝不；D.just正是。根据下文He wanted to create things peoplecould actually use, （他想去创造人们可以真正使用的东西），可知他不满足于做好笑的玩具。ever用于否定句和疑问句，从来，曾经。其余三个选项都用在肯定句中，故答案为A。（5）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.use使用；B.see看到；C.share分享；D.buy购买。根据下文He wants to let users think of a task and have the band do it automatically可知，他想要创造一些人们可能会用到的东西。故答案为A。（6）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.danger危险；B.difficulty困难；C.choice选择；D.chance机会。根据空后边的"whowasmissingahand"他失去了一只手，所以他注意到了他的朋友面对的困难，故答案为B。（7）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.new新的；B.different困难的；C.same同样的；Dsimple简单的。空后边的"likeridingabike"比如骑自行车，这对我们正常人来说是很简单，很容易的，故答案为D。（8）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.help帮助；B.attract吸引；C.teach教；D.treat对待。我想要制造一个假体的自动手来帮助像他一样的人，"peoplelikehim"，像他一样的人。故答案为A。（9）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.wear穿；B.sell卖，销售；C.build建造；D.change改变。他意识到自己制作出来的手不是很完美，所以他决定建造属于自己的机器手。故答案为C。（10）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.safer更安全的；C.cheaper更便宜的；D.faster更快的。虽然这花费了他将近一年的时间，但是新的手更好。故答案为A。（11）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.speaking说；B.thinking想，思考；C.moving移动；D.looking看。根据前文Now Cameron's designed a"smart"hand controlled by a human brain及下文He wants to let users think of a task and have the band do it automatically可知，控制机器手仅仅通过想，故答案为B。24,（12）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.satisfies使满意；B.invites邀请；C.comforts安慰；D.encourages鼓励。根据下文have something you want to do and you start working towards it可知，他让年轻人去做自己想做的事情，每天一点突破早晚可以取得成功，可以知道他是鼓励年轻人去做他们认为正确的事情。故答案为D。（13）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.similar相似的；B.right正确的；C.crazy疯狂的；D.funny有趣的。Cameron鼓励那些认为自己可能只能做些和别人相似的事情的人。故答案为A。（14）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.trip出行，旅行；B.break休息；C.step一步；D.risk冒险。最后一句话"Soonerorlateryou'regoingtosucceed."你早晚会成功的，所以是每天前进一小步。故答案为C。（15）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.return归还；B.succeed成功；C.remember记得；D.start开始。根据前文sooner or later 可知，你早晚会成功的，故答案为B。文章主要写的格伦•加梅隆的创造精神，他为缺少手臂的人发明了自动的机器手，使得残疾的人只需要通过思考就可以控制自动手。这也启发年轻人，要敢想敢做，想到就要去做，每天坚持，早晚会成功。完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。41.【答案】【小题1】hid【小题2】tobediscovered【小题3】how【小题4】through【小题5】but【小题6】until【小题7】herself【小题8】hadseen【小题9】hanging【小题10】beexperienced24,【解析】（1）hid.考查时态。句意：安妮•弗兰克是一个犹太女孩，为了不被德国纳粹发现，她躲了起来。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填hid。（2）tobediscovered.考查不定式。句意：安妮•弗兰克是一个犹太女孩，为了不被德国纳粹发现，她躲了起来。discover和主语之间是被动关系，inorder后跟不定式，所以用不定式的被动形式，故填tobediscovered。（3）how.考查宾语从句。句意：在那段时间里，她唯一的朋友就是她的日记，她在日记里写下了自己的感受和在藏身之处经历的事情。引导宾语从句，在从句中作表语，表示"如何"，故填how。（4）through.考查固定搭配。句意：在那段时间里，她唯一的朋友就是她的日记，她在日记里写下了自己的感受和在藏身之处经历的事情。gothrough经历，为固定搭配，故填through。（5）but.考查连词。句意：她对一切与大自然有关的事物都变得狂热起来，但她却不能到户外去。前后是转折关系，所以用but连接，故填but。（6）until.考查介词。句意：有一次，她故意十一点半不睡觉，为的是独自看看月亮。表示"直到"，后跟名词，所以用介词，故填until。（7）herself.考查反身代词。句意：有一次，她故意十一点半不睡觉，为的是独自看看月亮。指主语she本身，所以用反身代词构成固定搭配byoneself独自，故填herself。（8）hadseen.考查时态。句意：这是她一年半以来第一次面对面地看到黑夜。thatwasthefirsttimethat从句用过去完成时态，故填hadseen。（9）hanging.考查现在分词。句意：她感到难过，因为她只能透过挂在满是灰尘的窗户前的肮脏窗帘看大自然。hang和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语，故填hanging。（10）beexperienced.考查语态。句意：再看这些东西已经没有什么乐趣了，因为大自然是一件必须去体验的事情。experience和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，前面有情态动词，所以用动词原形，故填beexperienced。安妮•24,弗兰克是一个犹太女孩，为了不被德国纳粹发现，她躲了起来。本文讲述她在躲藏之地的心情。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。42.【答案】DearTom,Howiseverythinggoingrecently？（问候）Iamwritingtosharewithyoumyunforgettableexperienceduringthesportsmeetingheldlastmonth.（写信目的）Beforethemeeting,myteacherandclassmatesmadeadetailedplan.Wewereallveryexcitedtogiveadviceandprovideanythingneeded.【高分句型一】（运动会前，老师同学制定计划，准备必备物品，运动员练习）Atthesametime,theathletesmadefullpreparations,runningandjumpingintheirsparetime.Duringthemeeting,theathletescompetedfairlyontheplaygroundwiththeotherathletescheeringaround.【高分句型二】Whatagreattime!（两天运动会期间，大家公平比赛，同学们热情欢呼）Ithinkourclasshasbecomemoreunitedafterthesportsmeeting.Inaddition,theclassmatesknowmoreabouteachotherandbecomecloser.Asaresult,wearemorehopefulofthecolorfulschoollife.（运动会使班级团结，同学相互了解，让同学们对今后校园生活更有希望）Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldreplysoon.（感谢）Yours,LiHua【解析】高分句型一：Wewereallveryexcitedtogiveadviceandprovideanythingneeded.译文：我们都很高兴能提供建议和所需的一切。分析：这句话使用过去分词作定语修饰anything。高分句型二：Duringthemeeting,theathletescompetedfairlyontheplaygroundwiththeotherathletescheeringaround.译文：会议期间，运动员们在操场上公平竞争，其他运动员在周围欢呼。分析：这句话使用with24,复合结构。这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。24
