江苏省扬州市江都区丁沟中学高三英语阅读竞赛决赛试题一、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Theterme-commercereferstoallcommercialtransactionsconductedovertheInternet,includingtransactionsconductedovertheInternet,includingtransactionsbyconsumersandbusiness-to-businesstransactions.Conceptually,e-commercedoesnot___1___fromwell-knowncommercialofferingssuchasbankingbyphone,“mailorder”catalogs,orsendingapurchaseordertoasupplier___2___fax.E-commercefollowsthesamemodel___3___inotherbusinesstransactions;thedifference___4___inthedetails.Toaconsumer,themostvisibleformofe-commerceconsists___5___onlineordering.Acustomerbeginswithacatalogofpossibleitems,___6___anitem,arrangesaformofpayment,and___7___anorder.Insteadofaphysicalcatalog,e-commercearrangesforcatalogtobe___8___ontheInternet.Insteadofsendinganorderonpaperorbytelephone,e-commercearrangesfororderstobesend___9___acomputernetwork.Finally,insteadofsendingapaperpresentationofpaymentsuchasacheck,e-commerce___10___onetosendpaymentinformationelectronically.Inthedecade___11___1993,e-commercegrewfroman___12___novelty（新奇事物）toamainstreambusinessinfluence.In1993,few___13___hadawebpage,and___14___ahandfulallowedonetoorderproductsorservicesonline.Tenyears___15___,bothlargeandsmallbusinesseshadwebpages,andmost___16___userswiththeopportunitytoplaceanorder.___17___,manybanksaddedonlineaccess,___18___onlinebankingandbillpayingbecame___19___.Moreimportantly,thevalueofgoodsandservices___20___overtheInternetgrewdramaticallyafter1997.1.A.distractB.descendC.differD.derive2.A.withB.viaC.fromD.off3.A.appearedB.usedC.resortedD.served4.A.situatesB.rootsC.liesD.locates5.A.onB.ofC.forD.to6.A.reflectsB.detectsC.protectsD.selects7.A.sendsinB.putsoutC.standsforD.carriesaway8.A.visibleB.responsibleC.feasibleD.sensible9.A.besideB.overC.beyondD.up10.A.appealsB.admitsC.advocatesD.allows11.A.afterB.behindC.untilD.toward12.A.optionalB.invalidC.occasionalD.insignificant13.A.communitiesB.corpsC.corporationsD.compounds14.A.largelyB.slightlyC.solelyD.only15.A.latelyB.laterC.lateD.latter16.A.offeredB.convincedC.equippedD.provided17.A.InsteadB.NeverthelessC.HoweverD.Besides18.A.andB.orC.butD.though19.A.differentB.flexibleC.widespreadD.productive20.A.acquiredB.adaptedC.practicedD.proceeded二、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AYouneverseethem,butthey’rewithyoueverytimeyoufly.Theyrecordwhereyouaregoing,howfastyou’retravelingandwhethereverythingonyourairplaneisfunctioningnormally.Theirabilitytowithstandalmostanydisastermakesthemseemlikesomethingoutofacomicbook.They’reknownastheblackbox. Whenplanesfallfromthesky,asaYemeniairlinerdidonitswaytoComorosIslandsintheIndiaOceanJune30,2022,theblackboxisthebestbetforidentifyingwhatwentwrong.SowhenaFrenchsubmarine(潜水艇)detectedthedevice’shomingsignalfivedayslater,thediscoverymarkedahugesteptowarddeterminingthecauseofatragedyinwhich152passengerswerekilled. In1958,AustralianscientistDavidWarrendevelopedaflight-memoryrecorderthatwouldtrackbasicinformationlikealtitudeanddirection.Thatwasthefirstmodeforablackbox,whichbecamearequirementonallU.S.commercialflightsby1960.Earlymodelsoftenfailedtowithstandcrashes,however,soin1965thedevicewascompletelyredesignedandmovedtotherearoftheplane---thearealeastsubjecttoimpact---fromitsoriginalpositioninthelandingwells（起落架舱）.Thesameyear,theFederalAviationAuthorityrequiredthattheboxes,whichwereneveractuallyblack,bepaintedorangeoryellowtoaidvisibility.Modernairplaneshavetwoblackboxes:avoicerecorder,whichtrackspilots’conversations,andaflight-datarecorder,whichmonitorsfuellevels,enginenoisesandotheroperatingfunctionsthathelpinvestigatorsreconstructtheaircraft’sfinalmoments.Placedinaninsulated（隔绝的）caseandsurroundedbyaquarter-inch-thickpanelsofstainlesssteel,theboxescanwithstandmassiveforceandtemperaturesupto2,000℉.Whensubmerged,they’realsoabletoemitsignalsfromdepthsof20,000ft.ExpertsbelievetheboxesfromAirFranceFlight447,whichcrashednearBrazilonJune1,2022,areinwaternearlythatdeep,butstatisticssaythey’restilllikelytoturnup.Intheapproximately20deep-seacrashesoverthepast30years,onlyoneplane’sblackboxeswereneverrecovered.21.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheblackbox? A.Itensuresthenormalfunctioningofanairplane.B.Theideaforitsdesigncomesfromacomicbook. C.Itsabilitytowardoffdisastersisincredible. D.Itisanindispensabledeviceonanairplane.22.WhatinformationcouldbefoundfromtheblackboxontheYemeniairliner? A.Dataforanalyzingthecauseofthecrash. B.Thetotalnumberofpassengersonboard. C.Thesceneofthecrashandextentofthedamage. D.Homingsignalssentbythepilotbeforethecrash.23.Whywastheblackboxredesignedin1965? A.Newmaterialsbecameavailablebythattime. B.Toomuchspacewasneededforitsinstallation. C.Theearlymodelsoftengotdamagedinthecrash. D.Theearlymodelsdidn’tprovidetheneededdata.24.WhydidtheFederalAviationAuthorityrequiretheblackboxesbepaintedorangeoryellow? A.Todistinguishthemfromthecolouroftheplane. B.Tocautionpeopletohandlethemwithcare. C.Tomakethemeasilyidentifiable. D.Toconformtointernationalstandards.25.WhatdoweknowabouttheblackboxesfromAirFranceFlight447? A.Thereisstillagoodchanceoftheirbeingrecovered. B.Thereisanurgentneedforthemtobereconstructed. C.Theyhavestoppedsendinghomingsignals. D.TheyweredestroyedsomewherenearBrazil.BThe$11billionself-helpindustryisbuiltontheideathatyoushouldturnnegativethoughtslike“Ineverdoanythingright”intopositiveoneslike“Icansucceed.”ButwaspositivethinkingadvocateNormanVincentPealeright?Istherepowerinpositivethinking? ResearchersinCanadajustpublishedastudyinthejournalPsychologicalSciencethatsaystryingtogetpeopletothinkmorepositivelycanactuallyhavetheoppositeeffect:itcansimplyhighlighthowunhappytheyare. Thestudy’sauthors,JoanneWoodandJohnLeeoftheUniversityofWaterlooandElainePerunovicoftheUniversityofNewBrunswick,beginbycitingolderresearchshowingthatwhenpeoplegetfeedbackwhichtheybelieveisoverlypositive,theyactuallyfeelworse,notbetter.IfyoutellyourdimfriendthathehasthepotentialofanEinstein,you’rejustunderlininghisfaults.Inone1990sexperiment,ateamincludingpsychologistJoelCooperofPrincetonaskedparticipantstowriteessaysopposingfundingforthedisabled.Whentheessayistswerelaterpraisedfortheirsympathy,theyfeltevenworseaboutwhattheyhadwritten. Inthisexperiment,Wood,LeeandPerunovicmeasured68students’self-esteem.Theparticipantswerethenaskedtowritedowntheirthoughtsandfeelingsforfourminutes.Every15seconds,onegroupofstudentsheardabell.Whenitrang,theyweresupposedtotellthemselves,“Iamlovable.” Thosewithlowself-esteemdidn’tfeelbetteraftertheforcedself-affirmation.Infact,theirmoodsturnedsignificantlydarkerthanthoseofmembersofthecontrolgroup,whoweren’turgedtothinkpositivethoughts. Thepaperprovidessupportfornewerformsofpsychotherapy（心理治疗）thaturgepeopletoaccepttheirnegativethoughtsandfeelingsratherthanfightthem.Inthefighting,wenotonlyoftenfailbutcanmakethingsworse.Meditation（静思）techniques,incontrast,canteachpeopletoputtheirshortcomingsintoalarger,morerealisticperspective.Callitthepowerofnegativethinking.26.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraphabouttheself-helpindustry? A.Itisahighlyprofitableindustry. B.Itisbasedontheconceptofpositivethinking. C.ItwasestablishedbyNormanVincentPeale. D.Ithasyieldedpositiveresults.27.WhatisthefindingoftheCanadianresearchers? A.Encouragingpositivethinkingmanydomoreharmthangood. B.Therecanbenosimpletherapyforpsychologicalproblems. C.Unhappypeoplecannotthinkpositively. D.Thepowerofpositivethinkingislimited.28.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“…you’rejustunderlininghisfaults”(Line4,Para.3.? A.Youarenottakinghismistakesseriouslyenough. B.Youarepointingouttheerrorshehascommitted. C.Youareemphasizingthefactthatheisnotintelligent. D.Youaretryingtomakehimfeelbetterabouthisfaults.29.WhatdowelearnfromtheexperimentofWood,LeeandPerunovic? A.Itisimportantforpeopletocontinuallyboosttheirself-esteem. B.Self-affirmationcanbringapositivechangetoone’smood. C.Forcingapersontothinkpositivethoughtsmaylowertheirself-esteem. D.Peoplewithlowself-esteemseldomwritedowntheirtruefeelings.30.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph? A.Theeffectsofpositivethinkingvaryfrompersontoperson. B.Meditationmayprovetobeagoodformofpsychotherapy. C.Differentpeopletendtohavedifferentwaysofthinking. D.Peoplecanavoidmakingmistakesthroughmeditation.三、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。Healthresearchershavenoticedthatsomegroupsofpeoplearemoreconsistentlyhealthythanothers,andwondered…Isitrace?Income?Whereyoulive?IntheUnitedStates,thesedisagreementsinhealthoutcomeshavebeenthefocusofintenseresearchforthepastseveraldecades.HarvardUniversityhealthpolicyresearcherEllenMearasaysscholarshavefoundsomecluesastowhysomegroupsofpeoplehavemoreorlessdiseasethanothers.Shesaysoneimportantfactorinpeople’shealthistheamountofeducationtheyhave.Inhermostrecentpaper,MearalookedatdatafromtheUnitedStatescensus.Mearaandhercolleaguesexamineddatafromseveraldecades.“Welookedatlifeexpectancyatage25,”Mearasays.“Howmanyadditionalyearscanyouexpecttoliveifyouarriveatage25andyoureducationhasstoppedathighschool,orsooner?Versushowmanyyears,canyouexpecttoliveifyou’vereachedaged25andyou’vegoneontoatleastsomecollege…”Mearasaystheyfoundthatin1990,a25-year-oldwhoonlyhadsomesecondaryschoolcouldexpecttoliveforatotalof75years.In2000,a25yearoldwithsomesecondaryeducationcouldalsoexpecttolivetotheageof75.Incontrast,forabettereducated25-year-old,theycouldexpecttolivetotheageof80in1990.Someonewithasimilareducationlevelintheyear2000,couldexpecttolivetobemorethan81years,81.6yearstobeexact.Mearasays,notonlydobetter-educatedpeoplelivelongertobeginwith,butinthepasttenyears,moreeducatedpeoplehasmadegainsinthelengthoftheirlives.Meanwhile,thelifeexpectancyhasn’tchangedforlesseducatedpeople.Someofthesegainscanbeexplained.Mearasaysresearchersknowthatpeoplewhoaremoreeducatedaremorelikelytoquitsmokingcigarettes,ornotstartatall,comparedtopeoplewithlesseducation.“Ithinkit’saremindernottobesatisfactory,”Mearasays.“Justbecauseapopulationoverallappearstobegettinghealthier,itdoesn’talwaysmeanthatthoseadvantagesandsuccessesthatmanypeoplehaveenjoyedreallyextendintoallpartsofthepopulation.AndIthinkthat’ssomethingtoreallypayattentiontoregardlessofwhetheryouliveintheUSorelsewhere.”Mearapointsoutthateducationcanoftendetermineincome---peoplewithmoreeducationfrequentlymakemoremoney.Thismakesthemawareofhealthcare,andpurchaseotherresourcesandservicesthatcankeepthemhealthier.ButthedataonincomedoNOTshowthatpeoplewhomakemoremoneyareautomaticallyhealthier.TitleTheAmountof__31__ContributestoPeople’sHealthComparisonsThelesseducatedpeopleThe__32__educatedpeopleIn1990Theycouldlivefor75yearsTheycouldlivetotheageof80In2000Theirlifeexpectancywasthesameasin1990.Theycouldlivetotheageof81.6__33__.__34__oftheresearchInthepast__35__Theirlifeexpectancyremained__36__.They’vemadegainsinthelengthoftheirlives,partly__37__totheirquittingsmoking.Peoplearegettinghealthier,butitdoesn’tmeanthattheadvantagesandsuccessesextendintoallpartsofthepopulationIncome__38__oneducation.PeoplewithmoreeducationmakemoremoneyGettingmoremoneyhelpstoincreasetheir__39__ofhealthcare,whichcankeepthemhealthier.__40__Educationisthekeytobetterhealth.四、《新概念英语》阅读填词（共10小题；每小题2分，每空1分，满分20分）请根据所给的首字母在空格里填入所缺单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。41.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeens__________forty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakens__________.42.Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyr__________toas‘white-collarworkers’forthesimpler__________thattheyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.43.Oneofthethieveswass__________byaheavystatue,buthewastoobusyh__________himselftodiamondstonoticeanypain.44.Johnwenttoseehisbankmanagerwhosentther__________ofwalletandthemoneytothespeciald__________oftheBankofEnglandinNewcastle:theMutilateLadies!45.Ofcourse,NewYorkisthei__________placeforsuchaninterestingstudy,becausethereisnos__________oftallbuildings.46.WhenIreturnedfromabroadrecently,ap__________officiousyoungCustomsOfficerclearlyr__________measasmuggler.47.Whenhediedattheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehimastatef__________andhadapicturepaintedwhichwasd__________tothememoryof‘themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotableleader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue’.48.Georgewasnottooupsetbyhise__________becausetheladywhoownsthesweetshopheardabouthistroublesandr__________himwithlargeboxofchocolates.49.Ithasbeene__________thatifthebridgewerepackedwithcars,itwouldstillonlybecarryingathirdofitstotalc__________.50.Kidnappersarer__________interestedinanimals,buttheyrecentlytookc__________interestinMrs.EleanorRamsay’scat.班级_______________姓名_______________学号_______……………………………………………………………装…………………订……………线……………………………………………………高三英语答题纸1234567891011121314151617181920[A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D]21222324252627282930[A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][A][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][B][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][C][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D][D]三、任务型阅读四、《新概念英语》阅读填词31．___________________41．_____________________________32．___________________42．_____________________________33．___________________43．_____________________________34．___________________44．_____________________________35．___________________45．_____________________________36．____________________46．_____________________________37．____________________47．_____________________________38．____________________48．_____________________________39．____________________49．_____________________________40．____________________50．_____________________________丁沟中学高三年级英语阅读竞赛（决赛）参考答案一、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）1-20CBBCBDAABDADCDBDDACA二、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）21-30CACCABABCB三、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）31.Education32.more/better33.exactly34.Results/Findings35.decade36.unchanged37.due/owing38.depends39.awareness/consciousness40.Conclusion/Summary四、《新概念英语》阅读填词（共10小题；每小题2分，每空1分，满分20分）41.spotted;seriously42.referred;reason43.struck;helping44.remains;department45.ideal;shortage46.particularly;regarded47.funeral;dedicated48.experience;rewarded49.estimated;capacity50.rarely;considerable
