2021高考英语全真模拟卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AKQEDisaPublicBroadcastingServicestationinCalifornia,US.ThestationisownedbyNorthernCaliforniaPublicBroadcasting.Someofitsradioprogramsareasfollows:●TheCoolerAsoneofthemostpopularprogramsamongyounglisteners,theCoolerisapodcast(博客)aboutpopculturestoriesandmusic,presentedinasmart,funandpersonalway.Comeandjoinusonourjourney.Time:MON-THU,8pm—9pm.●Here&NowAliveproduction,incooperationwithstationsacrossthecountry,Here&Nowreflectstheworldofnewsasit'shappeninginthemiddleoftheday,withtimely,in-depthnews,interviewsandconversation.HostedbyRobinYoungTime:MON-THU,11am—1pm●MindShiftTheMindShiftpodcastexplorestheinnovations(创新)ineducationthatareshapinghowkidslearn.HostsKiSungandKatrinaSchwartzintroducelistenerstoeducators,researchers,parentsandstudentswhoaredevelopingeffectivewaystoimprovehowkidslearn.Theycovertopicslikehowteachersaredevelopingsurprisingmethodstodealwithclassroomdisruptions;howlisteningtopodcastsishelpingkidsdevelopreadingskills.Time:THU-SUN,7pm—9pm●LivingonEarthLivingonEarthisaweeklynewsandinformationprogramabouttheworld'schangingenvironment,ecology,andhumanhealth.Ifthere'ssomethingnewaboutclimatechange,environmentalpoliticsorenvironmentalqualityandhumanhealth,youcancountonHostSteveCurwoodandtheLOEpublicradionewsteamtokeepyouuptodate.Time:WED,9am—10am1.Atwhattimecantheaudienceenjoypopculturestories?\nA.Tuesday,8pm—9pm.B.Wednesday,9am—10am.C.Friday,8pm—9pm.D.Sunday,7pm—9pm.2.Fromwhichradioprogramcanlistenerspickupnewsatnoon?A.TheCooler.B.Here&Now.C.MindShift.D.LivingonEarth.3.WhichofthesetopicsmightbecoveredinLivingonEarth?A.Educationpolicies.B.Economicproblems.C.Humanpopulation.D.Globalwarming.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国加利福尼亚的公共广播服务中心KQED的节目，包括节目内容、播出时间等。1.细节理解题。根据文中“TheCooler”这一部分提到“Asoneofthemostpopularprogramsamongyounglisteners,theCoolerisapodcast（博客）aboutpopculturestoriesandmusic,…”thecooler是关于流行音乐的节目，其播出时间为周一至周四，根据题目要求，A项符合题意，故选A。2.细节理解题。文章“Here&Now”部分提到该节目播出时间为周一至周四，上午11点至下午1点，B项符合题意，故选B。3.细节理解题。文章“LivingonEarth”部分提到“LivingonEarthisaweeklynewsandinformationprogramabouttheworld'schangingenvironment,ecology,andhumanhealth.”该节目是关于全球环境、生态、人类健康等方面。D项符合题意，故选D。BInthetrailer(拖车式房屋)，Sischowasrefreshingthesnails‘(锅牛）accommodations--anongoingroutinethattakesdaysofcarefulwork.HehadfoundadozenofAchatinella bulimoides--athirdoftheworld'spopulationofthespecies.Onceeveryindividualwasaccountedfor,hecleanedthecageandpackedinnewleaves.Theworktookmuchtrouble,buttheresponsibility,hesaid,waslike“aheavyweightsittingonyou.”Thetrailerisveryvulnerable.It’sdesignedtokeepawaywould-bethieved,andtoresisthurricanes.Butafirecouldeasilydestroyit,oradiseasecouldsweepthroughit.LastSeptember,amysterypathogon（病原体）appearedtohaveenteredthetraileronleavesfedtothesnails,killingalmostanentirespecies.Assadastheeventwas,there’snogoodwaytoinsureagainstfuturecatastrophe.Thesnailscan’tsimplybespreadamongzoosorotherfacilities:\ntheyneedspecialequipment,experiencedhandlers,andadietofnativeHawaiianplants.Consequently,itcanbehardforthesnails'minderstorelax,evenwhentheyareoutsidethetrailer.“Howdoyouswitchoffwhenyourdecisionsmeanexistenceorextinction?"Sischosaid.Whileactionlightenstheburden,yetwithanimalswhosenaturalhistoryislargelyunknown,thatactioncanbedangerous."Ifyoudoitwrong,thesnailsdie.”Snailsareneitherintelligentnorbeloved.Sischo'sfriendssometimesteasehimaboutbeing"thestrangesnailguy';strangersaskwhyhecares.It'shardtoconvincepeople,butheinsiststhatifhecanjustgettheminthetrailer,theywillunderstandwhytheAchatinellabulimoidesareworthsaving."Peoplemelt,"hesaid“Whenyoushowthemthattheentirepopulationisinthischamber,ithitsthem."4.Whatisthetrailerusedfor?A.AccommodatingguestsB.ShelteringsnailsC.Plantingvegetables.D.Alarmingthieves.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable"meaninparagraph?A.Quite.B.Safe.C.Easilyaffected.D.Wellprotected.6.Whatisthesnailminders'attitudetowardstheirjob?A.Relaxed.B.Confident.C.CautiousD.Disapproving7.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLastofItsKindB.TheWorstofTimesC.MournItsLossD.ResistPossibleDangerous【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文为说明文。主要说明为了拯救濒临灭绝的蜗牛物种，人类为它们制作了特殊的设备---拖车式房屋，经验丰富的驯养员和夏威夷本地植物的饮食，这些都有益于蜗牛的保护。4.推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“Thetrailer...It’sdesignedtokeepawaywould-bethieved,andtoresisthurricanes.Butafirecouldeasilydestroyit,oradiseasecouldsweepthroughit....Assadastheeventwas,there’snogoodwaytoinsureagainstfuturecatastrophe.Thesnailscan’tsimplybespreadamongzoosorotherfacilities:theyneedspecialequipment...”可知，拖车房屋很脆弱。它的设计是为了避免可能被盗，抵御飓风。但是火灾很容易摧毁它，或者疾病可\n以席卷它。......，但没有好的办法来防止未来的灾难。蜗牛不能简单地在动物园或其他设施中生存：它们需要特殊的设备...。这个特殊的设备就是thetrailer。由此可知，这个和thetrailer是给蜗牛住的房子，是收容蜗牛，为其遮风挡雨的。分析选项可知，故B项符合题意。5.猜测词义题。根据划线词Thetrailerisveryvulnerable后的内容“It’sdesignedtokeepawaywould-bethieved,andtoresisthurricanes.Butafirecouldeasilydestroyit,oradiseasecouldsweepthroughit.LastSeptember,amysterypathogenappearedtohaveenteredthetraileronleavesfedtothesnails,killingalmostanentirespecies.”拖车房屋的设计是为了防止潜在的盗窃，并抵御飓风。但是一场火灾可以轻易地摧毁它，或者一种疾病可以席卷它。由此可推断出，这种拖车房屋很容易被火烧，疾病可摧毁它，所以它是易受其他因素影响的。故选C。6.推理判断题。根据第三段itcanbehardforthesnails'minderstorelax,evenwhentheyareoutsidethetrailer....“Howdoyouswitchoffwhenyourdecisionsmeanexistenceorextinction?yetwithanimalswhosenaturalhistoryislargelyunknown,thatactioncanbedangerous."Ifyoudoitwrong,thesnailsdie.”蜗牛的看护人员即使在拖车房外也很难放松...“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”但对于自然基本一无所知的动物来说，这种行动可能是危险的。如果你做错了，蜗牛就会死。由此可知，蜗牛看护者对待他们的态度是谨慎小心的。分析选项A.Relaxed.放松的；B.Confident自信的；C.Cautious谨慎小心的；D.Disapproving反对的。可知C项符合题意，故选C。7.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“....HehadfoundadozenofAchatinellabulimoides--athirdoftheworld'spopulationofthespecies”一天他发现了12种蜗牛，占世界蜗牛总数的三分之一。第二段中的“LastSeptember,amysterypathogon（病原体）appearedtohaveenteredthetraileronleavesfedtothesnails,killingalmostanentirespecies.”去年9月,一个谜似的(病原体进入了拖车中蜗牛吃的树叶,几乎杀死整个物种。第三段中的“Howdoyouswitchoffwhenyourdecisionsmeanexistenceorextinction?”Sischosaid。“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”由此可推断出：这种蜗牛的数量极少，也就是说“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛“。分析选项可知A项“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛”为短文最佳标题。故选A。CFoodexpertssaywashingcouldspreadthegermsonyourturkeyinthekitchensinkornearbyfood.Butit'sbeenachallengetryingtoconvincecookstostoprinsing（冲洗）offrawpoultry.Germsthatcanmakepeoplesickarecommoninthegutsofhealthypoultryandarelegallyallowedtobeonrawturkeyandchicken.Theassumptionisthatnobodyeatstheirpoultryraw,\nandthatthoroughcookingwillkillthebacteria.Thedo—not—washrawpoultryadvicefromtheUSDAisrelativelynewandperhapshasn'tcaughtonbecauseitgoesagainstthecommonbeliefthatwashingmakesthingsclean,saidChapman.BenjaminChapman,astudyauthorandfoodsafetyexpertatNorthCarolinaStateUniversity,saidtheinstincttowashrawpoultrygoesbackatleastdecadeswhenpeoplereliedmoreonvisualcluestospotproblemswithpoultry.Meanwhile,washinghandsandsurfacesarealsoimportant.Butfoodpreparationisacomplicatedact,andgermsfrompoultrycanbespreadevenifit'snotwashed,especiallywhenbirdsareremovedfrompackaging.TheUSDA-fundedstudystressesthatpoint.ResearcherssprayedrawchickenwithaharmlessstrainofE.coli（大肠杆菌）andwatchedvolunteercooksattestkitchens.Amongthosewhowashedtheirrawchicken,aboutaquarterendedupspreadingthebacteriatotheirlettuce.Butevensomeofthosewhodidnotrinsethechickengotgermsonthelettuce.Andthereareotheropportunitiesforgermstosurviveonturkeys:meltingandcooking.Toensureabirdisthoroughlycooked,theysaytouseathermometertocheckthatthedeepestandthickestpartsofithavereached165degrees.Evenafterthemealiscooked,youaren'toutofthedangerzone.Tokeepturkeysandotherleftoverssafe,expertssaytheyshouldberefrigeratedaftertwohours.8.Peopledon'tacceptUSDA'sadvicebecause____.A.theadviceisrelativelynewB.cleaningseemsmoretrustworthyC.cookscleantheturkeybeforecookingitD.heatcankillmostgermsandnooneeatsrawfood9.WhatcanbeconcludedfromParagraph4?A.Foodpackagescarrygerms.B.HandsandsurfacesareeasytogetE.coli.C.Germsfromaturkeycanbespreadwhetheritiswashedornot.D.Multiplemethodsshouldbeappliedtofoodtogetridofgerms.10.Whichwaymayhelptocookaturkeysafely?A.Rinseofftheturkeybeforeitisheated.B.Keeptheturkeyawayfromthelettuceandrefrigerator.C.Washhandsandpackagesbeforetakingouttheturkey.\nD.Useathermometertocheckthetemperatureoftheturkey.11.Fromwhichsectionofamagazineisthetextprobablytaken?A.Culture.B.Science.C.Education.D.Medicine.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食品专家说清洗可能会在厨房水槽或附近的食物中传播火鸡身上的细菌，但美国农业部的研究强调无论是否被清洗，火鸡身上的细菌都会传播，同时指出用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡。8.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thedo—not—washrawpoultryadvicefromtheUSDAisrelativelynewandperhapshasn'tcaughtonbecauseitgoesagainstthecommonbeliefthatwashingmakesthingsclean,saidChapman.”可知，查普曼说，美国农业部提出的“不清洗生禽”的建议相对较新，但可能还没有流行起来，因为这违背了人们普遍认为的“清洗可以使东西干净”的观念，由此可知，人们不接受美国农业部的建议是因为清洗似乎更值得信赖，故B项正确。9.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Amongthosewhowashedtheirrawchicken,aboutaquarterendedupspreadingthebacteriatotheirlettuce.Butevensomeofthosewhodidnotrinsethechickengotgermsonthelettuce.Andthereareotheropportunitiesforgermstosurviveonturkeys:meltingandcooking.”可知，在那些清洗生鸡肉的人中，约四分之一的人最终将细菌传播到生菜上，但即使是一些没有清洗鸡肉的人，生菜上也有细菌，火鸡身上的细菌还有其他生存的机会：融化和烹饪，由此可知，不管火鸡是否被清洗，它身上的细菌都会传播，故C项正确。10.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Toensureabirdisthoroughlycooked,theysaytouseathermometertocheckthatthedeepestandthickestpartsofithavereached165degrees.”可知，为了确保一只家禽被彻底煮熟，他们说要用温度计检查它最深和最厚的部分是否达到165度，由此可知，用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡，故D项正确。11.推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了食品专家说清洗可能会在厨房水槽或附近的食物中传播火鸡身上的细菌，但美国农业部的研究强调无论是否被清洗，火鸡身上的细菌都会传播，同时指出用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡，这属于科学范畴，因此这篇文章最有可能出自于杂志的科学版块，故B项正确。DThenewgarbagesortingregulationhastakeneffectinShanghaistartingJuly1.Manycitizensarestillconfusedabouttheclassificationofthefourdifferenttypesoftrash.Thankfully,\nauthoritieshavereleasedanofficialguidelinetoexplainthenewrules.Theguideline,publishedbytheShanghaiGreeneryandPublicSanitationBureau,providesarathercleardefinitiononthefourkindsifwaste:recyclablewaste,harmfulwaste,householdfoodwasteandresidual(剩余)waste.AteamfromtheU.K.'sNationalCentreforSportandExerciseMedicineexamined14leanandoverweightmenandanalyzedtheirmetabolic(新陈代谢)health.TheparticipantswereeitherassignedHarmfulwaste,asthenamesuggests,includesvariouspoisonousmaterialslikeusedbatteries,lightbulbs,out-of-datemedicines,paintandpesticides.Householdfoodwaste—whichistranslatedto"wettrash”inChinese—referstofoodleftovers,rottenfood,petfood,fruitpeels,remainsofTCMherbs(中药)andflowers.Paper,plastic,glass,metalandtextiles(纺织品)arecountedasrecyclablewaste.Thedefinitionofresidualwasteisalittleconfusing.Anythingthatisnotlistedabovebelongstothiscategory.Asspecificasthenewguidelineis,residentsstillhaveahardtimesortingtrashcorrectlyandarefindingitchallengingtomemorizethemall.Forinstance,bothplasticbottlesandbubbleteaorcoffeecupsareplasticmaterials.However,theformerfallstothecategoryofrecyclablewasteandthelatterbelongstoresidualwaste.Tosavethehassle,somenetizenshavecomeupwiththeirownwaytosorttrash."Weshoulddothisfromapig'sangle,"commentedonenetizen."Thoseedible(可食用)forpigsarehouseholdfoodwaste.Thoseevenpigsdon'twanttoeatareresidualwaste.Ifapigconsumessomethinganddiesofit,thensomethingmustbeharmfulwaste.Thosethatcanbesoldandthemoneywegaincanbeusedtopurchasepigsarerecyclablewaste."ThenewregulationcameintoeffectonJuly1.ThosewhodonotsorttheirtrashproperlywillbefinedRMB200.12.Whatdotheoldcoatsthatyouwanttothrowawaybelongto?A.Harmfulwaste.B.Wettrash.C.Recyclablewaste.D.Residualwaste13.Whatisthecommonpointof"wettrash"?A.Theycanbebrokendowneasily.B.Theyallcomefromplants.C.Theyallhavebadsmells.D.Theyallhavepoisonousmaterials.\n14.Whatisthetoneofthenetizenlike?A.Serious.B.Humorous.C.Delightful.D.Uncertain.15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.ThefoursortsofgarbingareforbiddeninShanghai.B.Shanghaigarbagesortingenforcementbegins.C.peoplearestillconfusedaboutgarbagesorting.D.ThenetizensinShanghaisupportthegarbagesortingpolicy.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海垃圾分类政策的规范，包括有害垃圾、可回收垃圾、湿垃圾等的分类规范。12.细节理解题。由文中Paper,plastic,glass,metalandtextiles(纺织品)arecountedasrecyclablewaste.可知，oldcoats是可回收利用的废品。由此可知，C项符合题意，故选C。13.细节理解题。文中第五段提到“Householdfoodwaste—whichistranslatedto"wettrash”inChinese—referstofoodleftovers,rottenfood,petfood,fruitpeels,remainsofTCMherbs(中药)andflowers.”厨余垃圾也可被称作湿垃圾，其中包括一些水果皮、中药渣、花等等，由此可知这类垃圾都能够轻易被破坏，故选A。14.推理判断题。根据“Weshoulddothisfromapig’sangle,”可知，网民是用一种调侃的口气来说的。A.Serious.严肃的，B.Humorous.幽默的，C.Delightful.令人愉快的，D.Uncertain.犹豫不决的。由此可知，B项符合题意，故选B。15.主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了上海实行的垃圾分类政策，紧接着又对各项垃圾进行了具体阐述，由此判断本文主要介绍了上海正在实行垃圾分类。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilemostpeoplefeellonelynowandthen,itusuallyonlylastsbetweenafewminutesandafewhours.51.Psychologistsarestudyingthiscomplexphenomenon,andhaveidentifiedthreedifferenttypesofloneliness.Thefirstkindoflonelinessistemporary.52.Thesecondkind,situationalloneliness,isanaturalresultofaparticularsituation-forexample,afamilyproblem,thedeathofalovedone,ormovingtoanewplace.Althoughthiskindoflonelinesscancausephysicalproblems,it\nusuallydoesnotlastformorethanayear.Thethirdkindoflonelinessisthemostsevere.53.Peoplewhoexperiencechronic（慢性的）lonelinesshavemanyproblemssocializingandbecomingclosetoothers.Unfortunately,manychronicallylonelypeoplethinkthereislittleornothingtheycandotoimprovetheirconditions.54.Wedependonvariouspeoplefordifferentreasons.Forinstance,ourfamiliesgiveusemotionalsupport,ourparentsandteachersgiveusguidance,andourfriendssharesimilarinterestsandactivities.However,psychologistshavefoundthatthenumberofsocialcontactswehaveisnottheonlyreasonforloneliness.55.Inotherwords,thoughlonelypeoplemayhavemanysocialcontacts,theysometimesfelltheyshouldhavemore.Theyquestiontheirownpopularity.A.However,thistypeoflonelinessisnotsoserious.B.Forsomepeople,though,lonelinesscanlastforyears.C.Psychologistsareexploringpossiblewaystosolvetheproblem.D.Itusuallydisappearsquicklyanddoesnotrequireanyspecialattention.E.Itismoreimportanthowmanysocialcontactswethinkorexpectweshouldhave.F.Psychologistsagreethatoneimportantfactorinlonelinessisaperson'ssocialcontacts.G.Unlikethesecondtype,habituallonelinessusuallylastsmorethantwoyearsandhasnospecificcause.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.F20.E【文章大意】这是一篇选句填空。本文主要讨论了孤独：心理学家把孤独分为了三种，第一种孤独不会持续太久，它是最普通的一种孤独；第二种是情景式孤独，是某种特定情况产生的自然结果；与前两种不同，第三种孤独是最严重的，通常持续两年以上，没有具体原因。16.根据前文Whilemostpeoplefeellonelynowandthen,itusuallyonlylastsbetweenafewminutesandafewhours.可知尽管大多数人偶尔会感到孤独，这种孤独通常只持续几分钟。B.Forsomepeople,though,lonelinesscanlastforyears.然而，对于一些人来说孤独可以持续几年。符合文意，故选B项。17.根据前文Thefirstkindoflonelinessistemporary.可知第一种孤独是暂时的。D.Itusuallydisappearsquicklyanddoesnotrequireanyspecialattention.它通常很快就消失，而且不需要任何特别的关注。符合文意，故选D项。18.根据前文Thethirdkindoflonelinessisthemostsevere.可知第三种孤独是最严重的。G.\nUnlikethesecondtype,habituallonelinessusuallylastsmorethantwoyearsandhasnospecificcause.不像第二种，习惯性孤独通常持续超过两年，并且没有特别的原因。符合文意，故选G项。19.根据前文Wedependonvariouspeoplefordifferentreasons.可知我们因为不同的原因依赖各种人。F.Psychologistsagreethatoneimportantfactorinlonelinessisaperson'ssocialcontacts.心理学家相信孤独的一个重要因素是一个人的社交关系。符合文意，故选F项。20.根据下文Inotherwords,thoughlonelypeoplemayhavemanysocialcontacts,theysometimesfelltheyshouldhavemore.可知换句话来说，孤独的人虽然有一些社交，但有时他们认为自己需要更多。E.Itismoreimportanthowmanysocialcontactswethinkorexpectweshouldhave.更重要的是我们觉得或者期待自己有多少社交关系。符合文意，故选E项。第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Notmany17-year-oldgirlsknowhowtosolder（焊）copperpipestogetherorlightapilotlight.Theseare21I’velearnedasanassistanttomy22inhisplumbing（管道）business.Mysummerjobdealswith23thatconstantlyarisephysicalandmentaldiscomfort,andthework24anattitudeofdeterminationandpatiencethatIfrequentlystruggletoadopt.Eachmorning,I25myselfintolarge-thickmen’sjeansmostgirlswould26towearandclimbintotheplumbertruck.Asmyclassmatesbegintheir27babysitting,orsellinggroceries,mydadandIcarry28toolboxesandworkinthedarkbasements.Ioftenget29inmessystorageboxeslookingforthewatermeter.Nothingaroundisbeautifulortidy.SometimesI30whyIstandthedustandsweatwhenIcouldbeinmyair-conditionedhousedoingsummerhomework.YetasmuchasI31themessofplumbing.Ilookdownuponmyselfforbeingsoeasilyannoyedbydisorder.32,theworldwasbuiltbypeoplewillingtogettheirhands33.Fivesuchsummershave34methatthemessypartsofpeople’shouses35themessypartsoftheirlives.AsIlearnto36themess,Ialsolearntohandlethe37andcontradictionsinmyadolescence.Lifeisaprocessofaccepting38andlearningtoputitinorder.Plumbingworkisnodifferent.Youcanseeitineachnewlysolderedgroupofcopperpipes.Andwhencustomersexpress39,Iunderstandthat,inasmallway,webring40totheirlives.\n21.A.mannersB.skillsC.factsD.rules22.A.brotherB.dadC.teacherD.friend23.A.messesB.customersC.noisesD.exercises24.A.offersB.developsC.demandsD.lacks25.A.wrestleB.lowerC.squeezeD.hide26.A.needB.expectC.refuseD.choose27.A.shiftsB.studiesC.meetingsD.travels28.A.fancyB.smallC.expensiveD.heavy29.A.injuredB.absorbedC.lostD.interested30.A.knowB.questionC.imagineD.remember31.A.seeB.cleanC.hateD.create32.A.OrratherB.AtleastC.AfterallD.Inaddition33.A.fullB.dirtyC.firmD.free34.A.taughtB.promisedC.advisedD.guaranteed35.A.examineB.divideC.reduceD.reflect36.A.sortoutB.careaboutC.huntforD.giveup37.A.arrangementsB.uncertaintiesC.competitionsD.expectations38.A.failureB.helpC.changeD.chaos39.A.sympathyB.suspicionC.disapprovalD.appreciation40.A.peaceB.successC.wonderD.order【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C25.A26.C27.A28.D29.C30.B31.C32.C33.B34.A35.D36.A37.B38.D39.D40.D【语篇解读】本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过作者在5个暑假作为水管工父亲的助手，每天穿着大而厚的牛仔裤修理管道，认为世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。人们房屋的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。如果学会处理工作中的混乱，也能处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾，生活就是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。21.考查名词辨析。句意：很少有17岁的女孩知道如何将铜管焊接......。这些都是作为我父亲的水管工助手时我学到的技能。A.manners方式；B.skills技能，技巧；C.facts事实；D.rules规则。根据语境可知，这些东西是她在工作中学到的技能（skills）。故选B。22.考查名词辨析及语境。句意：这些都是我作为我父亲的水管工助手学到的技能。A.brother兄弟；B.dad\n爸爸；C.teacher老师；D.friend朋友。根据后面的mydadandIcarry___8___toolboxes可知，此处是指作为爸爸（dad）的助手。故选B。23.考查名词辨析。句意：我的暑期工作是应付不断出现的身体和心理中的各种混乱。A.messes杂乱，麻烦，混乱；B.customers顾客；C.noises噪声；D.exercises经历。根据第二段和第三段的内容可知，作者不喜欢工作中的混乱及麻烦。后文多处出现“messy”、“mess”的提示。如“Ioftenget___9___inmessystorageboxes”以及“AsIlearntosortoutthemess,Ialsolearntohandlethe___17___andcontradictionsinmyadolescence.”经常处理找工具的麻烦当我学会如何处理混乱时，我也学会了如何处理青春期的矛盾，可知在暑期中要应付许多混乱（messes）。故选A。24.考查动词辨析。句意：而这项工作要求毅力和耐心的态度。A.offers主动提供；B.develops开发，发展；C.demands要求；D.lacks缺乏。根据下文作者每天的工作情况可知，这是工作方面的要求（demands），故选C。25.考查动词辨析。句意：每天早上，我都会努力穿上大而厚的男式牛仔裤。A.wrestle努力处理，费力对付；B.lower恶劣；C.squeeze挤压；D.hide躲藏。根据后面的“large-thickmen”以及“许多女孩都不愿意穿”可知，作为一个女孩我也不想穿上这样的衣服，要努力（wrestle）（即与自己心理斗争）让自己穿上这种衣服。故选A。26.考查动词辨析。句意：这种牛仔是大多数女孩都会拒绝穿的。A.need需要；B.expect期待；C.refuse拒绝；D.choose选择。这是“大而厚的男式牛仔裤”的工作服，作为女孩是不会穿的，因此要用拒绝（refuse），故选C。27.考查名词辨析。句意：当我的同学们开始轮班照看孩子，或者卖杂货时，我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱，在黑暗的地下室里工作。A.shifts班次；B.studies学习，研究；C.meetings会议，会见；D.travels旅行。根据常识可知，工作时还要休息的，所以工作是轮班（shifts）照看孩子的。故选A。28.考查形容词辨析。句意：我和爸爸扛着沉重的工具箱，在黑暗的地下室里工作。A.fancy太花哨的，精致的；B.small小的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.heavy重的。根据作者工作的工种可知，做这种工种，他们的工具箱是很重的（heavy）。故选D。29.考查形容词辨析。句意：我经常迷失在凌乱的储物箱里找水表。A.injured受伤的；B.absorbed吸收的；C.lost迷路的，迷失的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据后一句“Nothingaroundisbeautifulortidy.”可知，常在混乱的环境中找这样的物品，会让迷乱（lost）。故选C。30.考查动词辨析。句意：当我在空调房里做暑假作业时，有时我想知道为什么我会忍受那些灰尘和流那么多的汗水。A.know知道；B.question问（问题），质问；C.imagine想像；D.remember记得。根据后面的“whyIstandthedustandsweat...”可知，这些都是问题，所以是问(question)。故选B。31.考查动词辨析。句意：但正如我讨厌水管的混乱一样。我看不起自己，因为我很容易被混乱所困扰。\nA.see看见；B.clean清理；C.hate痛恨，讨厌；D.create创造。根据后一句“我看不起自己”可知，讨厌（hate）水管中的混乱。故选C。32.考查副词短语辨析。句意：毕竟，世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A.Orrather确切地说；B.Atleast至少；C.Afterall毕竟；D.Inaddition另外，而且。根据语境可知，此处是对前面内容的解释，即“毕竟（afterall）。故选C。33.考查形容词辨析。句意：世界是由那些愿意弄脏自己双手的人建立的。A.full充满的；B.dirty脏的；C.firm强有力的；D.free免费的。根据常识工人工作时会把手弄脏的（dirty）。故选B。34.考查动词辨析。句意：五个这样的夏天教会了我：人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A.taught教；B.promised承诺；C.advised劝告；D.guaranteed保证。根据下文的内容可知，这是作者从五个这样的夏天经历得到的经验，即就是“五个这样的夏天经历教会（taught）了我”。故选A。35.考查动词辨析。句意：五个这样的夏天教会了我，人们家里的脏乱反映了他们生活中的脏乱。A.examine检测；B.divide划分；C.reduce减少；D.reflect反映，显示。根据语境可知，此处是指家里的脏乱反映（reflect）了生活中的脏乱。故选D。36.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我学会处理混乱的同时，我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A.sortout解决（问题），整理；B.careabout关心；C.huntfor寻找；D.giveup放弃。根据下文“alsolearntohandlethe______”中的“handle（处理问题）”是A项中的sortout解决（问题）同义词。故选A。37.考查名词辨析。句意：在我学会处理混乱的同时，我也学会了处理青春期的不确定性和矛盾。A.arrangements安排；B.uncertainties不确定性；C.competitions竞争；D.expectations期望。根据“the______andcontradictions”中的and，可知，本空与contradiction(矛盾)并列关系的只有B项的uncertainties（不确定性）符合。故选B。38.考查名词辨析。句意：生活是一个接受混乱并学会把它整理好的过程。A.failure失败；B.help帮助；C.change变化，改变；D.chaos混乱。文中反复强调生活中有各种的“mess(混乱)”，可知D项（chaos）就是它的同义词。故选D。39.考查名词辨析。句意：当顾客表达感激之情时，我明白了，在很小的程度上，我们让他们的生活有秩序。A.sympathy同情；B.suspicion怀疑；C.disapproval反对；D.appreciation欣赏，感激。根据文章可知，作者认为管道工人帮助他人修理管道，让人们的生活有条理，那么顾客就会感激（appreciation）。故选D。40.考查名词辨析。句意：当顾客表达感激之情时，我明白了，在很小的程度上，我们让他们的生活有秩序。A.peace和平；B.success成功；C.wonder奇迹；D.order秩序。根据上下文的语境可知，人们学会和处理工作和生活中的混乱，让生活有秩序（order）。故选D。\n第二节阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sincethestartofreformandopening-up,Shenzhen41.(grow)fromasmallfishingvillagetoamodemcity,withitsGDP42.(increase)soaringfromlessthan200millionyuanin1980to2.4trillionyuanin2018.Withapopulationof12millionpeople,the43.(south)cityisknownforitsstronginnovationcapabilities.Itishome44.morethan14,000nationalhigh-techgiants,includingHua-WeiandTencent.WangXiaoguang,aprofessorofeconomicsattheNationalAcademyofGovernance,saidin45.articlepublishedonAug3intheOutlookWeekly,amagazine46.(attach)toXinhuaNewsAgency,thatmanygoodexamplesofChina'sreformandopening-uporiginatedinShenzhen.IthasaccumulatedvaluableexperienceforChina'sreformandopening-up47.modernconstruction,andhasmadesignificant48.(contribute)toexploringthepathofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,Wangsaid.TheessentialfeatureofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristicsistheleadershipoftheParty,49.playsacentralroleinadjustingtheoverallsituation,hesaid,50.(refer)toShenzhenasagoodexampleofhandlingtherelationshipbetweenmarketandgovernmentsinceChina'sreformandopening-upbegan.【答案】41.hasgrown42.increasingly43.southern44.to45.an46.attached47.and48.contributions49.which50.referring【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。改革开放以来，深圳已经从一个小渔村发展成为一个现代化的城市，它为中国的改革开放和现代建设积累了宝贵经验，为探索中国特色社会主义道路做出了重要贡献。\n41.考查时态。句意：改革开放以来，深圳已经从一个小渔村发展成为一个现代化的城市。since引导的时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词常用现在完成时，Shenzhen是句子主语。故填hasgrown。42.考查副词。句意：深圳的GDP从1980年的不到2亿元人民币猛增到2018年的2.4万亿元人民币。修饰动词soar用副词，increase（增加）是动词，它的副词是increasingly（不断增加地）。故填increasingly。43.考查形容词。句意：深圳这个南方城市拥有1200万人口，以其强大的创新能力而闻名。使用形容词修饰名词city作定语，south（南方）是名词，它的形容词是southern（南方的）。故填southern。44.考查固定搭配。句意：它是包括华为和腾讯在内的14,000多家国家高科技企业所在地。固定词组behometo的意思是“为……的所在地”。故填to。45.考查冠词。句意：王小光教授在一篇文章中说，中国改革开放的许多很好的例子起源于深圳。根据句意此处泛指“一篇文章”，所以使用不定冠词。article是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。46.考查非谓语动词。句意：《展望周刊》是新华社的一本杂志。beattachedto附属于。分析句子结构，谓语动词是said，attach是非谓语动词，因此使用attachedto短语作后置定语修饰magazine。故填attached。47.考查并列连词。句意：深圳为中国的改革开放和现代化建设积累了宝贵经验。该空应填入并列连词连接China'sreformandopening-up和modernconstruction。故填and。48.考查名词。句意：深圳为探索中国特色社会主义道路做出了重要贡献。固定词组makecontributionsto意为“为…做贡献”。故填contributions。49.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：王小光教授说，中国特色社会主义的根本特征是党的领导，它在调整大局中起着中心作用。分析句子结构可知，此处需填入引导非限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词是theleadershipoftheParty，从句缺主语，所以填which。故填which。50.考查非谓语动词。句意：王小光教授提到深圳是中国改革开放以来处理市场与政府关系的一个很好的例子。分析句子结构可知，refer是非谓语动词，它与句子主语he是主动的关系，应使用现在分词referring。故填referring。第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。\n修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Peoplealwayssaythatwelackoftheeyesofrealizingthebeautyinlife.Ican'tagreecomplete.LastFriday,Iwakeupveryearlyanddecidedtotakeawalk.Inthesquaretheremanyseniorcitizensweredancing;Ifoundseveraleldersabsorbinfeedingbirds.Withoutmanycars,Irealizedthatthecitylookedsocleanbutbeautiful.Somecoffeeshop,whichusedtobeoldandshabby,weredecoratedprettywellandcaughtmyattention.Onbothsidesofthestreetwerebigtreescoveringthewholecity,makingagreencity.Atthatmoment,Ifoundacitywassointeresting.HowIregretignoreitsbeautybefore!【答案】第一处：删掉of第二处：complete→completely第三处：wake→waked或woke。第四处：there→where第五处：absorb→absorbed第六处：but→and第七处：shop→shops第八处：making后加it第九处：a→the第十处：ignore→ignoring【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了上周五早晨散步的时候，我发现了生活中的美。第一处：考查lack的用法。句意：人们总是说我们缺少发现生活中的美的眼睛。此处的lack是及物动词，其后直接接宾语，of是多余的，故删掉of。第二处：考查副词。句意：我不能完全同意（这个观点）。修饰动词agree用副词，故complete改为completely。第三处：考查时态。句意：上周五，我醒得很早，决定去散步。事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，wake的过去式有两种形式：waked和woke，故wake改为waked或woke。第四处：考查定语从句。句意：在广场上，许多老年人在跳舞；我发现几位老年人正全神贯注地喂鸟。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词square并在从句中作地点状语，故there改为where。第五处：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，beabsorbedin\n表示“全神贯注于”，此处去掉be作宾语补足语，故absorb改为absorbed。第六处：考查连词。句意：没有很多车，我意识到这座城市看起来是那么干净美丽。clean和beautiful是并列而非转折关系，故but改为and。第七处：考查名词复数。句意：一些以前又旧又破的咖啡店（现在）装修得很好，引起了我的注意。some修饰可数名词复数，后面的were也表明此处用可数名词复数，故shop改为shops。第八处：考查代词。句意：街道两旁是大树，覆盖了整个城市，使它成为一个绿色的城市。此处为“make+代词+名词（短语）”结构，此处指代前面的city，故making后加it。第九处：考查冠词。句意：在那一刻，我发现这座城市是如此有趣。city在文中不是第一次出现，此处表示特指，故a改为the。第十处：考查非谓语动词。句意：我多么后悔以前忽视了它的美丽！regret后接动名词作宾语，故ignore改为ignoring。第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tim是中国功夫（kungfu）的爱好者。你得知今年八月你所在的城市将举办一次国际功夫比赛。请你用英语给他写封邮件，询问他是否有兴趣参加。要点包括：1.比赛的时间和地点；2.比赛的目的；3.参加比赛的益处。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。DearTim,Howiseverythinggoing?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwillaccompanyyouduringthecompetition.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou;Yours,LiHua【范文】\nDearTim,Howiseverythinggoing?I’mwritingtotellyouthatthe15thInternationalKungFuCompetitionwillbeheldinNanjingfromAugust20thto24thatOlympicGymnasium.Asweknow,kungfuisanimportantpartofChinesecultureandhasbecomeincreasinglypopularathomeandabroad.Thiseventaimstofurtherexpandtheinfluenceofkungfuworldwide.Theorganizershopepeoplewillfeelthecharmofkungfuinthiscompetition.Iknowyouareakungfuamateur.Areyouinterestedintakingpartintheevent?Youwillbeabletoappreciatehigh-levelkungfuperformancesandcommunicatewithpeoplesharingthesameinterestfromallovertheworld.Youcanalsoimproveyourtechniques.Iwillaccompanyyouduringthecompetition.I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyouYours,LiHua
