2022高考英语杭州市一模（抢分题）强化训练（8）及答案ThelegalagefordrinkingalcoholintheUnitedStatesistwentyone.Underagedrinkingisacrimebutalsoacommonpartofcollegesociallife.ThisweekinourForeignStudentSeries，welookatalcoholpoliciesatAmericancollegesanduniversities.Thesepoliciesdifferfromschooltoschool，asdoenforcementefforts.Butmanyschoolshavebeenmovingtostrengthentheirrules.TheUnitedStateshasmorethan170,000,000studentsinhighereducation.Eachyear,1,700ofthemagingeighteentotwentyfourdiefromalcoholrelatedroadcrashesandotherinjuries.Morethan600,000areinjuredundertheinfluenceofalcohol.Andalmost700,000areattackedbyanotherstudentwhohasbeendrinking.Thesenumbers，froma2022report，areonagovernmentWebsite：collegedrinkingprevention.gov.Onebehaviorthatcollegeofficialsaretryingtopreventisbingedrinking，havingfourorfivedrinksormoreinashortperiodoftime.Someresearchershavefoundthatstudentswhothinkbingedrinkingisnormaloftenoverestimatehowmuchotherstudentsreallydrink.Apersoncandieofalcoholpoisoning.AttheUniversityofOklahoma，newpolicieswentintoeffectafteranineteenyearoldstudentdiedin2022.Hehadbeendrinkingheavilyatafraternityparty(男大学生联谊会)．Nowalcoholisbannedfromallfraternityandsororityhousesanduniversityhousing.StudentorganizationscanservealcoholateventsbutonlyonFridayandSaturdaynights.Andtheymustprovidefortransportationtoandfromoffcampusparties.Othernewrequirementsincludeanalcoholeducationprogramthatfirstyearstudentstakeonline.Thepoliciesgovernbehavioroncampusandoff.Withafirstviolation，studentspayseventyfivedollarsandtheirparentsaretold.Theymustalsotakeanalcoholeducationclass.Forasecond“strike”，theyhavetopayonehundredandfiftydollars.Athirdstrikemeansasuspensionforatleastonesemester.SinceJanuaryof2022,633studentshavehadafirststrike.30havehadasecondstrike—andonehasbeensuspended.AnofficialatOklahomatellsustheaimisnotjusttopunishbuttochangebehaviorandthecultureattheuniversity.1．InAmericancollegesanduniversities，.A．nostudentsunderage21drinkalcoholB．manystudentsunderage21drinkalcohol-6-\nC．rulesaboutdrinkingalcoholarealmostthesameD．rulesaboutdrinkingalcoholaredifferentfromstatetostate2．EachyearintheUnitedStates，about1,700youngcollegestudentsaging18to24die.A．fromalcoholpoisoningB．fromtrafficaccidentsC．undertheinfluenceofalcoholD．fromalcoholrelatedroadcrashesandotherinjuries3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Thedeathsorinjuriesofthestudentsareallbecausetheyhavebeendrinking.B．Thenumbersfromcollegedrinkingprevention.govarenotaccurateatall.C．Thedeathofa19yearoldstudentinfluencedpoliciesoftheUniversityofOklahoma.D．NostudentorganizationscanofferalcoholateventsintheUSnow.4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthisarticle?A．StudyingintheUS：RulesaboutAlcoholB．TheLegalAgeforDrinkingAlcoholintheUnitedStatesC．PoliciesofDrinkingAlcoholintheUSDifferfromSchooltoSchoolD．NewPoliciesaboutAlcoholDrinkingattheUniversityofOklahoma1．Onceoutside，TongShuangxirushedtowardthekindergartenwherethechildrenwerehavinganap.(完形填空第五段)童双喜一跑出教室，就向学前班跑去，那里的孩子们正在午睡。(1)ThebookstorewherehissisterworksisthelargestoneinNanjing.他妹妹工作的那家书店是南京最大的。(2)Thisisajobwhereyoucanlearnsomething.从这项工作中你能学到一些东西。2．Therestwerecrying，toofrightenedtomove.(完形填空第六段)其余的孩子都在哭，吓得不敢动。(1)It’stoodifficultformetoexplain.这太难了，我无法解释。(2)It’snevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老。3．Morethan600,000areinjuredundertheinfluenceofalcohol.(阅读理解第二段)60多万(学生)因醉酒而受伤。(1)Hewaschargedundertheinfluenceofalcohol.-6-\n他被控酒后开车。(2)Drivingundertheinfluenceofalcoholisaveryseriousoffence.醉酒驾车属于严重违规。4．AttheUniversityofOklahoma，newpolicieswentintoeffectafteranineteenyearoldstudentdiedin2022.(阅读理解第四段)在俄克拉何马大学，一名19岁的学生在2022年死后，学校制订的新政策开始实施。(1)Thenewseatbeltregulationscameintoeffectlastweek.新的安全带规则上周开始实施。(2)AnewsystemoftaxationwillcomeintoeffectnextMay.一项新的税收政策将于明年五月实施。答案Ⅱ.1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A **********************************************************结束阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项AMeetingpeoplefromanotherculturecanbedifficult.Fromthebeginning,peoplemaysendthewrongsignal(信号).Ortheymaypaynoattentiontosignalsfromanotherpersonwhoistryingtodeveloparelationship.Differentculturesemphasize(强调)theimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Evenwithpeopleatwork,itisnecessarytospendalotoftimein“smalltalk”,usuallyoveraglassoftea,beforetheydoanyjob.InmanyEuropeancountries—liketheUKorFrance–peoplefinditeasiertobuildupalastingworkingrelationshipatrestaurantsorcafesratherthanattheoffice.Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailand.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivelydiscussion;insteadtherewasanuncomfortablesilence.Thepeoplepresentjust-staredatmeandsmiled.Aftergettingtoknowtheirwaysbetter,IrealizedthattheythoughtIwastalkingtoomuch.Inmyownculture,weexpressmeaningmainlythroughwords,butpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsareunnecessary.EvenwithinNorthernEurope,culturaldifferencescancauseseriousproblems.Certainly,EnglishandGermanculturessharesimilarvalues;however,Germansprefertogetdowntobusinessmorequickly.Wethinkthattheyarerude.Infact.thisisjustbecauseoneculturestartsdiscussionsandmakesdecisionsmorequickly.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvalues,andsometimesthesevaluesarequiteagainsteachother.However,ifwecanunderstandthembetter,amulticulturalenvironment（多元文化环境）willofferawonderfulchanceforustolearnfromeachother.56．Insomecountries,eatingtogetheratrestaurantsmaymakeiteasierforpeopleto.A．developcloserrelationsB．sharethesamecultureC．gettoknoweachotherD．keepeachothercompany57．TheauthormentionshisexperienceinThailandtoshowthat.A．theEnglishprefertomakelongspeeches-6-\nB．toomanywordsareofnouseC．peoplefromThailandarequietandshybynatureD．eventalkandsilencecanbeculturallydifferent58．Accordingtothetext,howcanpeoplefromdifferentculturesunderstandeachotherbetter?A．Bysharingdifferentwaysoflife.B．Byacceptingdifferenthabits.C．Byrecognizingdifferentvalues.D．Byspeakingeachother’slanguages.59．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．MulticulturalEnvironment.B．Cross-CulturalDifferences.C．HowtoUnderstandEachOther.D．HowtoBuildUpaRelationship.56—59ADCB**********************************************************结束BOneofourbiggestfearsnowadaysisthatourkidsmightsomedaygetlostina“seaoftechnology”ratherthanexperiencingthenaturalworld.Fear–producingTVandcomputergamesareleadingtoaseriousdisconnectbetweenkidsandthegreatoutdoors,whichwillchangethewildplacesoftheworld,itscreaturesandhumanhealthfortheworse,unlessadultsgetworkingonchild’splay.Eachofushadaplaceinnaturewegosometimes,evenifitwastorndown.Wecannotbethelastgenerationtohavethatplace.Atthisrate,kidswhomissthesenseofwonderoutdoorswillnotgrowuptobeprotectorsofnaturallandscapes.“IfthedeclineinparksusecontinuesacrossNorthAmerica,whowilldefendparksagainstencroachment（蚕食）?”asksRichardLouv,authorofLastChildintheWoods.Withouthavinganatureexperience,kidscanturnoutjustfine,buttheyaremissingoutahugeenrichmentoftheirlives.Thatappliestoeverythingfromtheirphysicalhealthandmentalhealth,tostresslevels,creativityandcognitive（认知的）skills.Expertspredictmodernkidswillhavepoorerhealththantheirparents—andtheysayalackofoutsideplayissurelypartofit;researchsuggeststhatkidsdobetteracademicallyinschoolswithanaturecomponentandthatplayinnaturefosters（培养）leadershipbythesmartest,notbythetoughest.Evenatinyoutdoorexperiencecancreatewonderinachild,Thethree–year–oldturningoverhisfirstrockrealizesheisnotaloneintheworld.Aclumpoftreesontheroadsidecanbethewholeuniverseinhiseyes.Wereallyneedtovaluethatmore.Kidsarenottoblame.Theyareover–protectedandfrightened.Itisdangerousouttherefromtimetotime,butrepetitivestressfromcomputersisreplacingbreakinganarmasachildhoodrite（仪式）ofpassage.Everyonefromdeveloperstoschoolsandoutdoorsycitizens,shouldhelpregainforourkidssomeofthefreedomandjoyofexploring,takingfriendshipinfieldsandwoodsthatcement（增强）love,respectandneedforthelandscape.Asparents,weshoulddevotesomeofourenergiestotakingourkidsintonature.Thiscouldyetbeourgreatestcause.60．AccordingtoParagraph2,thewriterthinksthat_____.A．wearethelastgenerationtoexperiencenature.B．theauthorofLastChildintheWoodsdon’tdefendparksagainstencroachmentC．withouthavinganatureexperience,kidsaremissingoutahugeenrichmentoftheirlivesD．childrenshouldgrowuptobeprotectorsofnature61．Accordingtothepassage,childrenwithoutexperiencingnaturewill.A．keepahighsenseofwonderB．beover–protectedbytheirparentsC．belesshealthybothphysicallyandmentallyD．changewildplacesandcreaturesforthebetter-6-\n62．Accordingtotheauthor,children’sbreakinganarmis.A．thefaultonthepartoftheirparentsB．thenaturalexperienceintheirgrowingupC．theresultoftheirowncarelessnessinplayD．theeffectoftheirrepetitivestressfromcomputers63．Inwritingthispassage,theauthormainlyintendsto.A．blamechildrenforgettinglostincomputergamesB．encouragechildrentoprotectparksfromencroachmentC．showhisconcernaboutchildren’slackofexperienceinnatureD．inspirechildrentokeepthesenseofwonderaboutthingsaround60—63DCBC**********************************************************结束CTerraforming(Earth-forming)otherplanets,alsoknownasplanetaryengineering(行星工程),seemslikeataskstillcenturiesawayformankindtoaccomplish.However,itisavigoroustopicthatattractsbothpopularandscientificinterest.Whyshouldthepossibilityofterraformingotherplanetsbestudiedwhenitmaybecenturiesbeforeweknowenoughtoevendecideifit’sagoodidea?Mankindisgettingmoreandmorehardfactsaboutotherplanets.TheatmosphereofVenushasbeenexplored;robotshavesurveyedthesurfaceofMars;Mercury,JupiterandSaturnhavebeenstudiedbyspacecraft.Speculationshavebeenanswered;newquestionshavebeenraised,andenoughharddataisrightnowbecomingavailabletoallowustomakethefirstattemptofplanetaryengineering.Inthepast,peoplewithexcellentideasaboutterraforminghavekeptthemtothemselves,orburiedtheminadeskdrawerbecausetheydidnotrealizethatanyoneelsewasinterested.Butnow,awidecircleofpeoplehasbeguntodothiskindofwork.Forinstance,NASAfundedaprojectontransformingMars.Thereareseveralstrongreasonswhichdemandthatthepossibilitiesofterraformingbestudiedcarefully.First,it’sanexcitingideaofapossiblefutureforhumanbeings.Suchthinkinghasavaluableroleinprovidingoptionsforourfuturedirections.Secondly,thetechniquesofterraformingwillalsohelpcontemporarytechnologiesinweatherandclimatecontrol.Thirdly,suchstudymayassistusindetectinganypossibleexistenceofextraterrestrialintelligence(SETI,TheSearchforExtraterrsstialIntelligence,地外文明搜索)andalien(异己的)civilizationsonotherplanets.Thoughthemissionisfarbeyondourreachatthemoment,weshouldatleastkeepouroptionsopen.Throughdebateandstudyonthissubject,thepossibilityofrebuildingotherplanetstomakethemsuitablehomesforpeoplemaycometruesomedayinthefuture.64.Accordingtothecontext,what’sthemeaningoftheword“speculation”inparagraph2?A.Theactofdiscussingsomethingwithagroupofpeople.B.Theactofstudyingandresearching.C.Theactofguessingwithoutknowingallthefactsaboutsomething.D.Theactingofwritingletterstoacertainorganization.65.Whydidpeoplekeeptheideaofterraformingtothemselvesinthepast?A.Theythoughtnooneelsewouldshowinterestintheidea.B.Theygraduallycametofindtheideacrazy.C.Theythoughttheideawouldnevercometrue.D.Theyhadfewresourcesforfurtherstudyonthistopic.66.WhichisNOTthereasontosupportthestudyofterraforming?A.Evenifwedon’tsucceedinterraforming,suchstudymayhelpustobetterunderstandtechnologiessuchasclimateandweathercontrol.B.Suchstudymayexploreanewdirectionofdevelopmentforhumanbeings.C.Suchstudymayenableustofindthelivesonotherplanets.D.AstheresourcesonEartharebeingdrained,it’sveryurgenttostudyhowtomigrate(迁移)tootherplanets.-6-\n67.What’sthemainideaofthearticle?A.It’shighlypossiblethatterraformingotherplanetswillcometruesoweshouldincreaseinvestinginthisprogram.B.Eveniftheideaofterraformingotherplanetsmaytakecenturiestorealize,wehavemanyreasonstosupportsuchstudies.C.Terraformingotherplanetsisthebestoptionforhumanbeing’sfuture.D.Moreandmorepeoplearetakingplanetaryengineeringastheiroccupation.64—67CADB*****************************************************结束-6-
