第二讲 魅力无穷的特殊句式李仕才在写作中,特殊句式的运用,能体现文章的节奏感与表达效果。1.it代替动词不定式、动名词、从句等,作形式主语或形式宾语。我认为保护和美化我们的环境是我们的职责。Inmyopinion,itisourdutytoprotectandbeautifyourenvironment.(it作形式主语)Ithinkitourdutytoprotectandbeautifyourenvironment.(it作形式宾语)2.倒装语序,可增强说服力。直到那时我才意识到语言在积极和消极方面都有很强的力量。Ididn’trealizewordscouldbepowerfulinbothpositiveandnegativewaysuntilthen.→NotuntilthendidIrealizewordscouldbepowerfulinbothpositiveandnegativeways.(否定意义的词位于句首)3.强调结构,用Itis...that...句型或用助动词进行强调,突出语意。因为这些原因,我最终做出了这个选择。Ifinallymadethischoiceforthesereasons.→ItwasforthesereasonsthatIfinallymadethischoice.(Itis...that...句型)4.省略结构,达到言简意赅的效果。(1)希望你能找到一份好工作。Ihopethatyouwillfindagoodjob.→Hopeyouwillfindagoodjob.(省略主语I,改为祈使句)(2)今天早上,在路上散步的时候,我看到两个旅行者正在看地图,看起来很迷惑。(北京卷)Thismorning,whenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawthattwotravelerswerereadingamap,lookingpuzzled.→Thismorning,whenwalkingonthestreet,Isawthattwotravelerswerereadingamap,lookingpuzzled.(省略Iwas)5.with复合结构、独立主格结构,体现深厚的语法功底。3\n春天来临,人们将开展各种各样的活动。Whenspringisdrawingnear,peoplewillholdvarietiesofactivities.→Withspringdrawingnear,peoplewillholdvarietiesofactivities.(with复合结构)6.祈使句,引起读者注意。如果你认为你不能和父母谈谈,你可以给他们写一封信。Ifyoudon’tthinkyoucantalktoyourparents,youcanwritethemaletter.→Ifyoudon’tthinkyoucantalktoyourparents,writethemaletter.(省略主语you,改为祈使句)7.感叹句,表示强调。现在我很高兴。Iamverydelightednow.→HowdelightedIamnow!8.“Therebe...”句型,意思是“有”。“Therebe...”句型其实是倒装的一种情况,主语位于谓语动词be之后,there仅为引导词,并非实际主语。真正的主语位于谓语动词be之后。be与跟在后面的主语保持人称和数量的一致,有时态和情态变化。此句型有时不用be动词,而用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive等。Therewasonlyawellinthevillage.这个村子过去只有一口井。Thereremainsaquestionstilltobeanswered.还有一个问题要回答。Infrontofthecave,therestandsatallpinetree.在这个山洞前长着一棵高大的松树。Theremaybeabirdonthebranch.树枝上也许有一只鸟。[跟踪训练]Ⅰ.改写句子1.IrealizedtheimportanceofEnglishwhenIenteredseniorhighschool.(强调时间状语)It__was__when__I__entered__senior__high__school__that__I__realized__the__3\nimportance__of__English.2.Wehadaverygoodtimewiththepeasantsthatday.(用what感叹句)What__a__good__time__we__had__with__the__peasants__that__day!3.Becausetherewastoomuchnoise,Icouldn’tgoonstudying.(用with复合结构作状语)With__too__much__noise__going__on,I__couldn’t__go__on__studying.Ⅱ.翻译句子1.我认为,仅仅送给父母贵重的礼物是不对的。①I__don’t__think__it__right__to__give__parents__only__valuable__gifts.(it作形式宾语)②In__my__opinion,it__isn’t__right__to__give__parents__only__valuable__gifts.(it作形式主语)2.他们所做的事给别人带来了快乐,也丰富了他们自己的生活。Not__only__does__what__they__do__bring__others__joy__but__also__enriches__their__own__lives.(倒装句)3.虽然来晚了,但是他并没有挨批评。①Late__though/as__he__was,he__wasn’t__criticized.(倒装句)②Though__late,he__wasn’t__criticized.(省略句)4.客人当中有两名美国人和一名法国人。Among__the__guests__there__are__two__Americans__and__a__Frenchman.(therebe结构)3